JP7325064B2 - grab bucket for dredging - Google Patents

Description

The present invention provides a grab bucket for dredging in which a pair of left and right shells having cutting edges without teeth are pivotally supported so as to be openable and closable. To provide a grab bucket for dredging capable of dredging by freely selecting the cutting edges of shells without teeth or with teeth by collectively changing the cutting edges of shells to those with teeth without requiring an operation.

Grab buckets for dredging excavate and grab sediment such as soil and sludge with various different specific gravity, hardness, viscosity, moisture content, etc. need to take. Therefore, it is essential to select a grab bucket for dredging that has an excavating capacity suitable for the soil type. Grab buckets for general dredging can be broadly classified from the viewpoint of their use as thin-layer sludge buckets for grabbing soft soil with a high water content, such as sludge, with a predetermined cutting depth thinly and widely. , a soft soil bucket for picking up large-capacity objects on soft soil, and a hard soil bucket for picking up objects on hard soil.

In terms of excavating force, there are two types of buckets: a bucket with teeth equipped with multiple teeth (claws) on the cutting edge of the shell and a bucket without teeth that does not require teeth for excavation, in order to obtain a large excavating force. Can be divided into buckets. Buckets for thin-layer sludge, which grabs sludge and does not require much digging force, are generally not equipped with teeth, and buckets for hard soil require a large digging force to excavate hard ground. Equipped with tools.

Buckets for soft ground that excavate soft ground include both buckets with teeth and buckets without teeth, depending on the purpose of excavation. Specifically, if you want to grab a large amount of grabbed objects, or if the soil is hard even though it is soft soil, or if hard ground is mixed in the excavated ground, use a toothed bucket. Flat-bottom toothless buckets are used in soft ground excavation that does not require a large excavating force and finish dredging that requires no tooth marks on the water bottom.

Dredging consists of a dredging grab bucket that is suspended from a crane on a work boat and is "rotating (to the dredging point in the air)" → "lowering (to the bottom of the water)" → "grabbing (at the bottom of the water)" → "( Hoisting up from the bottom of the water → Turning (to the soil transport ship in the air) → Grabbing and unloading (to the soil transport ship) → Opening (at the soil transport boat) → Each operation of "winding up from" is performed as one cycle. In recent dredging, there is a strong demand for highly accurate dredging according to predetermined specifications in order to shorten the cycle time and improve work efficiency as well as to achieve the dredging purpose. In particular, in thin layer sludge dredging and finishing dredging, it is required not to leave tooth marks on the water bottom after dredging.

Therefore, buckets without teeth are often selected not only for thin layer sludge but also for buckets for soft soil. or even breakage, requiring toothed buckets. Conversely, when a bucket with teeth is selected to increase excavation force, depending on the soil type, teeth may not be necessary, or when the presence of teeth is an obstacle for finishing dredging and a toothless bucket is required. There is also

In that case, the dredging grab bucket itself needs to be replaced from a toothless bucket to a toothed bucket, or conversely, from a toothed bucket to a toothless bucket for dredging. In addition, instead of replacing the grab bucket itself for dredging, depending on the need for teeth, one tooth can be welded or fused to the cutting edge of the shell each time, or the tooth can be attached to the cutting edge of the shell with a bolt and nut. Buckets with teeth and buckets without teeth are also made by removing bolts and nuts that are fixed or fixed to teeth.

In addition, although it is not specialized for teeth, in order to make it possible to select a dredging grab bucket suitable for the cutting depth, the A-type frame for suspending the shell is shared, and other shells and sheave boxes are used. A means for unitizing and equipping a plurality of such members and exchanging them on a dredger is also provided (Patent Document 1).

JP 2011-168364 A

In order to replace the dredging grab bucket suspended and supported by the crane of the dredger depending on whether the tooth is necessary or not, the support wire and the opening/closing wire are removed from the crane, the support wire is attached to the new dredging grab bucket, It is necessary to feed the opening and closing wires back into the sheave block. Since these replacement work is complicated and difficult on a dredger, it is necessary to return to the port once from the dredged sea area and work, and it is necessary to go back and forth between the dredged sea area and the port. Moreover, it is also difficult to always equip a dredger with a replacement grab bucket for dredging from the viewpoint of space restrictions and efficient use of equipment.

Depending on whether the tooth is necessary or not, the tooth can be welded or fused to the cutting edge of the shell one by one. Welding and cutting of steel require a lot of time and labor. Similarly, the means for attaching and detaching the teeth to and from the cutting edge of the shell by means of bolts and nuts is simpler than the above-described tooth welding and fusing means, but a plurality of teeth for one tooth is used. Bolts and nuts are required, and when removing the bolts from the dredging grab bucket after use, rusting of the bolts and nuts, damage to the threads, etc. cannot be avoided, making it difficult to rotate the bolts and nuts. Therefore, in many cases, it is necessary to fuse them after all. As a result, the bolts and nuts become consumables, and new bolts and nuts must be prepared each time the tooth is attached or detached.

In addition, it is troublesome for the dredging workers to perform the above-described welding, fusing work, and attachment and detachment work of bolts and nuts, or to do it on the dredging ship, and it requires specialized knowledge and skills. In the same way, there are times when the dredging area is returned to the port once for work, in which case it is necessary to travel back and forth between the dredging area and the port. Furthermore, these means require a lot of time, labor, and specialized skills because it is necessary to attach and detach the tooth to and from the cutting edge of the shell for each tooth.

Furthermore, when the bolt and nut are used for attachment and detachment, the bolt penetrates the cutting edge of the shell, so that when the bolt is removed, a through hole remains in the cutting edge of the shell. Therefore, when used as a bucket without teeth, it is necessary to cover the through holes with bolts and nuts even when the teeth are not installed so that the gripped objects do not flow out from the through holes of the bolts. Each time the teeth are used, it is necessary to remove the bolts and nuts by fusing or the like to expose the through holes.

All of these conventional means require a lot of time, labor, specialized knowledge, and skills for work, and are significantly lacking in effectiveness in terms of work efficiency and economic efficiency. Therefore, conventionally, in order to perform dredging with high precision and efficiency so as to satisfy predetermined specifications, it is difficult to selectively use one grab bucket for dredging with or without teeth depending on the soil quality and dredging purpose. Yes, and no such dredging grab bucket is provided.

Therefore, in order to perform dredging according to soil quality and dredging purpose with high accuracy and work efficiency, the present invention can easily use one dredging grab bucket without teeth and with teeth. To provide a grab bucket for dredging with high versatility which can be easily carried out on a dredger without returning to a port.

In order to solve the problem of the present invention, according to claim 1, in a grab bucket for dredging in which a pair of left and right shells are pivotally supported so that they can be opened and closed, the cutting edges of the shells are toothless, and the width of the cutting edge in the mouth width direction is A tooth cartridge having a rectangular substrate, a plurality of teeth fixed to the substrate at regular intervals, and a fixing plate for fixing to the cutting edge is detachably fixed for each shell over the outer surface, thereby eliminating teeth. Alternatively, a grab bucket for dredging that enables dredging by selecting a state with teeth is basically provided.

According to claim 2, there is provided a configuration in which the tooth cartridge can be attached and detached without forming a bolt hole over the outer surface of the cutting edge in the mouth width direction.

According to claim 3 , the tooth cartridge comprises a rectangular substrate having a plurality of insertion holes at predetermined positions, teeth having points fixed to adapters having through holes, ribs fixed to the adapter, and ribs fixed to the ribs. and a fixing plate which is fixed and passes through the through hole of the adapter and protrudes the base end portion from the through hole of the substrate. A wedge support ring that spans the window is installed on the base plate, and when the tooth cartridge is fixed, the wedge is driven into the wedge support ring to press the pressure contact body against the cutting edge. According to claim 5, a structure in which the tooth cartridge is fixed to the cutting edge, according to claim 5 , a structure in which the surface of the pressure contact body on the wedge driving side is formed as a wedge receiver, and according to claim 6 , the window is opened between the teeth. configuration.

According to claim 7 , the fixing plate has projections projecting vertically from the main body on both upper and lower surfaces of the base end of the rectangular main body. Bottomed recesses corresponding to the number of teeth are formed at predetermined intervals on the outer surface in the mouth width direction, and the fixed plate is engaged with the bottomed recesses. To provide a structure composed of a long area into which a projecting piece can enter and a short area into which the projecting piece cannot enter and a main body part can enter.

According to claim 10 , after the fixing plate is inserted into the long region of the bottomed recess, the substrate is pressed and moved in the mouth width direction of the bottomed recess, so that the projecting piece of the fixing plate is moved in the long region. According to claim 11 , the configuration in which the fixed plate is engaged with the bottomed recess by supporting the main body in the short region is configured to extend outwardly in the mouth width direction of the bottomed recess located at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the cutting edge. A structure is provided in which a reaction plate is protruded toward the side and the substrate is pressed by a jack interposed between the reaction plate and the substrate.

Furthermore, according to claim 12 , an upper regulating plate for regulating the upper end of the substrate is provided on the outer surface of the cutting edge above the bottomed recess in the mouth width direction, and the outer surface of the cutting edge below the bottomed recess is provided with the substrate. According to claim 13 , a lower regulation plate for regulating the lower end of the tooth cartridge is provided on the outer surface of the cutting edge above the upper regulation plate. According to claim 14 , positioning pins are projected from the ribs and inserted into positioning holes drilled in the rib support plate when the tooth cartridge is fixed. According to claim 15 , the determined configuration provides a configuration in which the bottomed concave portion is covered by engaging the cover lid in the toothless state.

According to the present invention described above, in a grab bucket for dredging in which a pair of left and right shells are supported so as to be openable and closable, the shells having cutting edges without teeth are used as a basis, and the cutting edges of the shells are changed to have teeth for each shell. can do. Therefore, it is possible to freely select shells without teeth or with teeth for dredging without replacing the dredging grab bucket itself or the shell itself, and without requiring the attachment and detachment operation for each tooth. Become. That is, one grab bucket for dredging does not require teeth such as thin-layer sludge dredging, soft soil dredging that does not require a large excavation force, and finishing dredging, or the presence of teeth is an obstacle. A toothless bucket suitable for such dredging and a toothed bucket for grabbing large-capacity objects and dredging that requires teeth, such as when hard ground is mixed in the excavated ground. can be used for

Replacement of the cutting edge of the shell is performed by fixing a tooth cartridge having a plurality of teeth for each shell over the outer surface of the cutting edge in the mouth width direction. Moreover, since the work can be carried out on a dredger, there is no need to return to the port for the replacement work, and the replacement work can be carried out efficiently. Therefore, it is possible to timely replace the cutting edge of the shell corresponding to changes in soil properties and dredging purposes.

When the tooth cartridge is mounted on the cutting edge of the shell, bolts and welding are not required, and the fixed plate of the tooth cartridge is inserted into the bottomed recess formed on the cutting edge of the shell to engage it, and a wedge is used as the pressure contact body. By pressing and fixing the tooth cartridge to the cutting edge, the cutting edge of the shell can be changed to one with teeth at once, and it is possible to change from a bucket without teeth to a bucket with teeth. becomes.

Also, when removing the tooth cartridge from the cutting edge of the shell, there is no bolt hole that penetrates the cutting edge of the shell because no bolt is used, and there is no need for fusing because there is no welding. By removing the wedge that presses the pressure contact body against the blade edge from the bucket and removing the tooth cartridge equipped with a plurality of teeth from the bottomed recess, the blade edges of the shell can be collectively changed to no teeth. It becomes possible to use it as a non-bucket. In addition, it is possible to cover the recessed portion with a bottom by simply engaging the cover with a single operation, thus eliminating the conventional complicated work of closing the bolt hole using a bolt and a nut.

1 is an overall perspective view of a dredging grab bucket when it is fully closed; FIG. FIG. 2 is an overall perspective view of the dredging grab bucket without teeth when fully opened. FIG. 2 is an overall perspective view of the dredging grab bucket with teeth when fully opened. Fig. 2 is an overall perspective view of tooth cartridges for each pair of left and right shells; Front view of the tooth cartridge of one of the shells. Front view of the tooth cartridge of the other shell. (A), (B), (C), and (D) are mounting diagrams of teeth. The top view of a fixed plate. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the main part of the cutting edge of the shell; FIG. 2 is a front view of a main part of the cutting edge of the shell; AA sectional view of FIG. The whole perspective view of an opening area. Overall perspective view of the upper pedestal and the lower pedestal. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a main part of an opening region to which an upper pedestal and a lower pedestal are fixed, as seen from the surface direction; FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the main part of the opening region to which the upper pedestal and the lower pedestal are fixed, as seen from the back direction; FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of attaching the tooth cartridge to the cutting edge of the shell. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of attaching the tooth cartridge to the cutting edge of the shell. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a state in which the tooth cartridge is attached to the cutting edge of the shell; FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of attaching the tooth cartridge to the cutting edge of the shell. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a main part showing a state in which the tooth cartridge is attached to the cutting edge of the shell; FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of attaching the tooth cartridge to the cutting edge of the shell. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of attaching the tooth cartridge to the cutting edge of the shell. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of attaching the tooth cartridge to the cutting edge of the shell. FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of pressure contact of the board to the shell cutting edge; FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of pressure contact of the board to the shell cutting edge; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a state in which the board is pressed against the shell cutting edge; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a state in which the board is pressed against the shell cutting edge; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a state in which the substrate is pressed against the shell cutting edge; The whole perspective view of a wedge support ring. FIG. 2 is an overall perspective view of a pressure contact body; FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a main part showing a state in which the pressure contact body is loosely fitted to the substrate; FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a main part showing a wedge driving state; Explanatory drawing which shows the shell in an excavation state. Explanatory drawing which shows the tooth in an excavation state. Explanatory drawing which shows the tooth in an excavation state. Overall perspective view of the cover. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of attaching a cover. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of attaching a cover. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of attaching a cover. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of attaching a cover. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of attaching a cover.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a dredging grab bucket 100 according to the present invention when it is fully closed, FIG. 2 is an overall perspective view when it is fully opened without teeth, and FIG. 3 is an overall perspective view when it is fully opened with teeth. is.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a pair of left and right shells, 101 a lower frame, 102 an upper frame, and 103 a pair of left and right tie rods. The shell 5 is rotatably supported by the lower frame 101 via shafts 109 at two points on both sides, and the lower end of the tie rod 103 is rotated by the shaft 111 to the shell 5 and the upper end by the shaft 113 to the upper frame 102 . freely pivoted. A predetermined number of sheaves (not shown) are rotatably supported inside the lower frame 101 and the upper frame 102, respectively. Through a guide roller 105 arranged on the upper surface of the frame 102, the sheave of the lower frame 101 and the sheave of the upper frame 102 are wound in order a predetermined number of times, and the tip is fixed at a predetermined position. Two support ropes (not shown) are connected to the upper surface of the upper frame 102 via suspension rings 104 for suspending the entire grab bucket 100 for dredging from a crane mounted on a dredger so that the grab bucket can be lifted and lowered. Therefore, in the dredging grab bucket 100, the lower frame 101 moves up and down and the shell 5 can be opened and closed about the shaft 109 by winding and unwinding the open/close rope.

A three-dimensional shell cover 106 having a predetermined capacity is firmly fixed to the open upper end portion of the shell 5 when the shell 5 is fully closed so as to be integrated with the shell 5 and closely arranged. Therefore, when the shell 5 is fully closed, the grabbed object is held in the space formed by the shell 5 and the shell cover 106 and rolled up. In the dredging grab bucket 100 shown in the embodiment, both ends of the shell 5 in the mouth width direction extend beyond the tie rods 103, and both ends of the shell 5 extend around the tie rods 103, the lower frame 101, and the lower frame 101 and the shell 5. By projecting outward from the supporting shaft 109, the opening width dimension 115 is wider than the open width dimension 117 (the dimension between the shafts 111) when the shell 5 is fully closed. In addition, a structure in which the upper opening of the shell is covered with a shell cover 106 is adopted, making it suitable for thin-layer sludge dredging. By using this dredging grab bucket 100, it is possible to increase the amount of grasped objects such as sludge per one time even in thin-layer dredging in which the soil thickness is limited to a constant value.

In addition, with respect to twisting of the shell 5 and deformation of the cutting edge due to the expansion of the mouth width 115, the necessary strength is given to the shell 5 by the shell cover 106 closely arranged on the open upper end of the shell 5 together with the lower frame 101. ing. That is, the shell cover 106 also functions as a strength member for maintaining the strength of the shell 5 with the mouth width 115 longer than the opening width 117 . The basic structure of the above-described dredging grab bucket 100 is conventionally known. The size of 115 and the presence or absence of shell cover 106 are not limited and can be applied.

A feature of the present invention is that, based on the dredging grab bucket 100 of the shell 5 without teeth shown in FIG. 3, that is, one dredging grab bucket 100 can be used without teeth (see FIG. 2) or with teeth (see FIG. 2). 3) is selected to enable dredging. Therefore, first, the configuration of the tooth cartridge 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 8. FIG.

4 is an overall perspective view of the tooth cartridge 10 for each pair of left and right shells 5, showing the front side of the tooth cartridge 10 equipped with four teeth 20 and the rear side of the tooth cartridge 10 equipped with five teeth 20. FIG. 5 is a front view of a tooth cartridge 10 equipped with four teeth 20, FIG. 6 is a front view of a tooth cartridge 10 equipped with five teeth 20, and FIG. The tooth cartridge 10 has a rectangular base plate 15 having a longitudinal dimension D within the opening width dimension 115 of the shell 5 and having a plurality of insertion holes 16 corresponding to the number of the teeth 20 at predetermined positions where the teeth 20 are to be assembled. , a plurality of (four and five in the illustrated example) teeth 20 fixed to the substrate 15 at regular intervals; ribs 35 fixed to the teeth 20; It is equipped with a fixing plate 30 for fixing to the cutting edge 40 of the blade. The tooth cartridge 10 as a whole has a predetermined strength capable of withstanding an excavating force. A positioning pin 36 is projected from the side surface of the rib 35 at a predetermined position. The function of this positioning pin 36 will be described later.

The tooth 20 is formed by fitting a point 22 (claw) having a predetermined shape shown in FIG. A wedge receiver 25 and a wedge 26 shown in FIG. 7(D) are inserted through a connecting hole 22b drilled in the portion 22 and a connecting hole 21b drilled in the protruding portion 21a to be integrally fixed. Therefore, the tooth 20 is composed of the adapter 21 , the point 22 , the wedge receiver 25 and the wedge 26 , and the tooth 20 is fixed to the board 15 .

As shown in FIG. 7(A), a predetermined brim-shaped rib 35 is fixed facing the surface side of the through hole 21c of the adapter 21 of the tooth 20, and as shown in FIG. A pair of left and right tongues are fixed from the substrate 15 side to the through hole 16 of the substrate 15 and the through hole 21c of the adapter 21 in a state where the rear surface is in contact with the through hole 16 of the substrate 15 (see FIG. 4). The plate 30 is inserted and both sides of the rib 35 are clamped and fixed. As shown in the plan view of FIG. 8, the fixed plate 30 has protruding pieces 30b protruding vertically from the main body 30a on both upper and lower surfaces of the base end of a rectangular main body 30a. A spacer 31 is inserted between the pair of left and right fixing plates 30 and has substantially the same thickness as the ribs 35 , and acts as a reinforcing material for firmly fixing the fixing plate 30 and the ribs 35 .

By fixing a predetermined number of teeth 20 to the substrate 15 in a similar configuration, the tooth cartridge 10 shown in FIGS. 4 to 7 is constructed. In the tooth cartridge 10, as shown in FIG. 4, an adapter 21 of teeth 20 having ribs 35 fixed to the surface side of a substrate 15 is fixed, and a point 22 hangs down from the adapter 21. As shown in FIG. On the other hand, on the rear side of the substrate 15, the protruding piece 30b side of the fixed plate 30 which is inserted into the insertion hole 16 of the substrate 15 and the through hole 21c of the adapter 21 and holds and fixes the rib 35 from the left and right is a predetermined length. protrudes only. 17 is a hanging ring for hanging the tooth cartridge 10 . 4 to 7, reference numeral 65 denotes a pressure contact mechanism, which firmly fixes the tooth cartridge 10 inserted into the cutting edge 40 of the shell 5 integrally with the cutting edge 40. As shown in FIG. Its configuration and action will be described later.

The tooth cartridge 10 equipped with four or five teeth 20 having the above configuration is detachably fixed to the cutting edges 40 of the pair of left and right shells 5, respectively. 9 is a perspective view of the main part of the cutting edge 40 of the shell 5, FIG. 10 is a front view of the main part, and FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. As shown in these figures, bottomed recesses 50 with hook-shaped sections corresponding to the number of teeth 20 are formed at predetermined intervals on the outer surface of the cutting edge 40 of the shell 5 in the mouth width direction. 30 is inserted and engaged.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the fixing plate 30 is composed of a rectangular body portion 30a and projecting pieces 30b projecting vertically from the body portion 30a on both upper and lower surfaces of the base end portion of the body portion 30a. On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, the bottomed recess 50 has a long region 55 having a vertical dimension H1 into which the protruding piece 30b of the fixing plate 30 can enter, In addition, it is composed of a short region 60 having a vertical dimension H2 into which the main body portion 30a can enter, and has a hook-like cross section as a whole. 11, the vertical cross-sectional shape of the connecting portion in the vertical direction between the short region 60 and the long region 55 is hook-shaped (the angle of the vertical cross-sectional shape of the connecting portion is approximately 90 degrees).

The structure of the bottomed recess 50 is as follows. First, as shown in FIG. 12, an opening region 52 that penetrates the cutting edge 40 and has two different vertical dimensions is bored at a predetermined location of the cutting edge 40 to which the tooth cartridge 10 is fixed. The opening region 52 has a configuration in which a temporary elongated hole region 52a and a temporary short hole region 52b are connected. An upper pedestal 53 having a hook-shaped cross section is fixed to the upper surface of the temporary elongated hole region 52a having a large vertical dimension of the opening region 52, and a lower pedestal 54 having a hook-shaped cross section is also fixed to the lower surface thereof. The temporary elongated hole region 52a and the temporary short hole region 52b are formed by fixing the upper pedestal 53 and the lower pedestal 54 to the temporary elongated hole region 52a so that the temporary elongated hole region 52a and the long region 55 described below are formed. This is because the short area 60 is formed, and as a result, the temporary short hole area 52b occupies a part of the long area 55. FIG.

The upper pedestal 53 and the lower pedestal 54 have the same shape, and as shown in the overall perspective view of FIG. It has an L-shaped longitudinal section. The connecting portions of the base pedestals 53a, 54a and the protruding pedestals 53b, 54b are rounded to resist the shearing force during excavation. The width dimension W and depth dimension L of the base pedestals 53a and 54a are the same as the width dimension and depth dimension of the temporary elongated hole region 52a, respectively, and the width dimension W of the projecting pedestals 53b and 54b are the same as that of the temporary elongated hole region 52a. While being the same as the width dimension, the depth dimension L2 is approximately half the depth dimension of the temporary elongated hole region 52a. Therefore, the upper pedestal 53 with the base pedestal 53a as the upper surface is closely fitted to the upper part of the temporary elongated hole region 52a of the opening region 52, and the lower pedestal 54 with the base pedestal 54a as the lower surface is the temporary length of the opening region 52. They are closely fitted to the lower portions of the hole regions 52a and are firmly fixed by welding or the like.

As shown in FIG. 14, which is a perspective view of the main part from the surface direction of the opening region 52 to which the upper pedestal 53 and the lower pedestal 54 are fixed, and FIG. In 52a, by fixing the upper pedestal 53 and the lower pedestal 54, the area in the surface direction of the cutting edge 40 includes the protruding pedestals 53b and 54b in addition to the base pedestals 53a and 54a. is shortened and formed as a short region 60 . On the other hand, since only the base pedestals 53a and 54a are present in the area in the back direction of the cutting edge 40, the vertical dimension is shortened by that amount and has substantially the same vertical dimension as the temporary short hole area 52b. , and the two are integrally formed as the elongated region 55 .

As described above, the temporary elongated hole region 52a to which the upper pedestal 53 and the lower pedestal 54 are fixed is hook-shaped so that the vertical dimension on the back surface 40b side of the cutting edge 40 is larger than the vertical dimension on the front surface 40a side. , the area on the front surface 40a side becomes the short area 60, and the area on the back surface 40b side becomes the long area 55 together with the temporary short hole area 52b to which the upper pedestal 53 and the lower pedestal 54 are not fixed. Therefore, the short area 60 is a rectangular parallelepiped space with a rectangular cross section, and the long area 55 as a whole forms a space with a hook-shaped cross section (L-shaped cross section).

Then, the opening surface on the back side of the opening area 52 is covered with a bottom plate 51 to provide a bottomed surface (see FIGS. 11, 18, etc.). The long region 55 and the short region 60 are opened in the surface direction of the cutting edge 40 and closed in the back direction by the bottom plate 51 , thereby forming the bottomed concave portion 50 .

Next, the fixing plate 30 of the tooth cartridge 10 lifted up via the suspension ring 17 is inserted into and engaged with the bottomed concave portion 50 having the hook-shaped cross section composed of the long region 55 and the short region 60 having the above-described configuration. , the tooth cartridge 10 is removably engaged with the cutting edge 40 of the shell 5 . The steps will be described with reference to FIGS. 16 to 23. FIG.

On the outer surface of the cutting edge 40 above the bottomed concave portion 50, as shown in FIGS. A lower regulating plate 42 having a predetermined thickness for regulating the lower end of the substrate 15 of the tooth cartridge 10 is provided on the outer surface of the cutting edge 40 below the bottomed recess 50 so as to protrude in the mouth width direction. The longitudinal dimensions of the upper and lower restricting plates 41 and 42 are substantially the same as the longitudinal dimension of the substrate 15 , and the vertical distance between them is substantially the same as the lateral dimension of the substrate 15 . The substrate 15 can be sandwiched between the upper regulation plate 41 and the lower regulation plate 42 .

In addition, each of the bottomed recesses 50 located at both longitudinal ends of the cutting edge 40 of the shell 5 has a predetermined thickness on the outer side in the mouth width direction of the shell 5, and the upper and lower regulation plates 41 and 42 have a predetermined thickness. Protruding reaction plates 43 have a longitudinal dimension substantially equal to the vertical spacing.

The protruding pieces 30b and the body portion 30a of the fixing plate 30 protruding from the back surface of the base plate 15 of the tooth cartridge 10 are inserted into the elongated regions 55 of the bottomed recesses 50 formed in the cutting edge 40 of the shell 5 (Fig. 16). Since the vertical dimension of each long area 55 is larger than the height dimension of the protruding piece 30b, the protruding piece 30b and the main body portion 30a can each enter. As a result, both the protruding piece 30b and the body portion 30a are located in the elongated region 55, and the substrate 15 is in close contact with the cutting edge 40. As shown in FIG.

Next, in this state, as shown in FIG. 17, a jack 57 is interposed between the side surface of the reaction plate 43 and the side surface of the substrate 15 facing each other, and the side surface of the substrate 15 is pressed by the jack 57. do. By this pressing action, the tooth cartridge 10 is engaged with the cutting edge 40 of the shell 5 by inserting the body portion 30a of the fixing plate 30 into the short region 60 as shown in FIG. Since the long area 55 exists behind the short area 60, the projecting piece 30b of the fixing plate 30 moves in the long area 55 in conjunction with the pressing operation of the main body 30a.

The operation of inserting and engaging the fixing plate 30 into the bottomed recess 50 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 21 to 23 using one fixing plate 30. FIG. 21 to 23, in order to facilitate understanding of the operation of the fixing plate 30, only one fixing plate 30 is removed from the tooth cartridge 10, and the bottom plate 51 covering the opening surface on the back side of the opening area 52 is removed. are illustrated.

As shown in FIG. 21, the protruding piece 30b of the fixing plate 30 is inserted deep into the elongated region 55 and brought into contact with the bottom plate 51 (not shown in FIGS. 21 to 23). In this state, when the side surface of the fixing plate 30 is pressed by the jack 57, the body portion 30a is inserted into the short area 60 and the protruding piece 30b moves within the long area 55 as shown in FIG. As a result, as shown in FIG. 23, the protruding piece 30b is supported by the long region 55 and the main body 30a is supported by the short region 60. Movement of the cutting edge 40 toward the surface 40a is restricted by 53b and 54b. As a result, the fixing plate 30 is engaged with the bottomed recess 50 and cannot be dropped. In this state, the back side of the opening area 52 is covered with the bottom plate 51, and the substrate 15 is in close contact with the front side.

A rib support plate 45 having a positioning hole 46 drilled at a predetermined position protrudes from the outer surface of the cutting edge 40 above the upper regulation plate 41 . It has a shape that allows close contact with 35 . Therefore, when the board 15 is pressed by the jack 57, the board 15 is sandwiched and slid between the upper regulation plate 41 and the lower regulation plate 42, and the ribs 35 approach the rib support plate 45 and come into close contact at a predetermined position. At the same time, as shown in FIG. 19, the positioning pin 36 projecting from the rib 35 enters the positioning hole 46 of the rib supporting plate 45 to fix the tooth cartridge 10 at a predetermined position.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 19(A), a tapered surface 36a is formed at the tip of the positioning pin 36 in a diameter-reducing direction, and the center of the rib support plate 45 and the rib 35 are slightly misaligned g. Even if there is a deviation g in the fixing position of the tooth cartridge 10 to the cutting edge 40, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 19C, the positioning pin 36 can be accurately inserted into the positioning hole 46, and the tooth cartridge 10 can be accurately fixed at a predetermined position on the cutting edge 40. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 20, a split pin 47 is inserted into the positioning pin 36 inserted through the positioning hole 46 to prevent it from coming off. Thereby, the rib supporting plate 45 and the rib 35 are kept engaged even during dredging.

As described above, by inserting the body portion 30a of the fixing plate 30 into the short region 60 of the bottomed concave portion 50, the tooth cartridge 10 can be engaged with the cutting edge 40 so as not to fall off. The tooth cartridge 10 is press-contacted and fixed to the cutting edge 40 using the pressing mechanism 65 in order to enhance the integrity of the tooth cartridge 10 and the cutting edge 40 and to fix them firmly. The configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. 24 to 32. FIG. A rectangular window portion 48 (see FIGS. 25 to 28) penetrating between the teeth 20 is opened at a predetermined position of the substrate 15, for example. Wedge support ring fixing holes 48a that penetrate in the horizontal direction are opened in intermediate portions of both ends in the left-right direction of the window portion 48 . A pressure member 66 is loosely fitted in the window portion 48, and a wedge support ring 68 is provided across the window portion 48 in a wedge support ring fixing hole 48a on the surface side of the substrate 15. As shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 30, the pressing body 66 has a hollow rectangular parallelepiped shape, and has a wedge receiver 66a three-dimensionally formed so as to mesh with the wedge 67 on its surface. As shown in FIG. 29, the wedge support ring 68 is an arch-shaped member that straddles the pressure contact body 66 and the wedge receiver 66a, and both ends thereof are inserted into the wedge support ring fixing holes 48a and fixed (FIGS. 4 and 4). 28). As a result, as shown in FIG. 31, the pressure contact member 66 is not restricted from moving in the rearward direction of the substrate 15, but is restricted from moving in the frontward direction by the wedge support ring 68. FIG.

Then, after the tooth cartridge 10 is fixed to the cutting edge 40 with the press contact body 66 loosely fitted in the window portion 48, as shown in FIGS. , a wedge 67 is driven from above or below, and engages with a wedge receiver 66a formed on the surface of the pressure contact member 66 so as not to fall off (see FIGS. 25 and 26). The pressed wedge 67 pushes the pressing body 66 toward the cutting edge 40 and presses it against the cutting edge 40 . is pressed in a direction away from the As a result, the protruding piece 30b of the fixing plate 30 is evenly pressed against the protruding pedestals 53b and 54b of the upper pedestal 53 and the lower pedestal 54 (see FIG. 23), so that the entire tooth cartridge 10 and the cutting edge 40 are integrated and inseparable. firmly fixed.

By this operation, the grab bucket 100 for dredging having the shell 5 of the cutting edge 40 without teeth shown in FIG. 2 is changed to the grab bucket 100 for dredging having the shell 5 of the cutting edge 40 with teeth shown in FIG. be able to.

Since the base plate 15 of the tooth cartridge 10 is fixed to the cutting edge 40 of the shell 5 by a plurality of fixing plates 30 and pressed by a plurality of pressing members 66, the tooth cartridge 10 itself does not drop off from the cutting edge 40 during dredging. no. Further, although each tooth 20 is also fixed to the cutting edge 40 by press-fitting the main body portion 30a of the fixing plate 30 into the short region 60 of the bottomed recess 50, dredging is a work at the bottom of the water that is not visible to the naked eye. It is also unknown what is buried in the earth and sand. During the gripping operation during dredging for excavating the water bottom 120 shown by arrow 7 in FIG. reference). Therefore, if an unexpected excessive load is applied to the tooth 20, the fixing plate 30 of the tooth 20 may break as shown in FIG. Even in such a case, the rib 35 fixed to the tooth 20 is engaged with the positioning hole 46 of the rib support plate 45 fixed to the cutting edge 40 by the positioning pin 36 from the viewpoint of fail-safe. Since the tooth 20 is suspended from the support plate 45, the tooth 20 is not lost.

The tooth cartridge 10 is removed from the dredging grab bucket 100 having the shell 5 of the cutting edge 40 with teeth shown in FIG. 3 and changed to the dredging grab bucket 100 having the shell 5 of the cutting edge 40 without teeth shown in FIG. 3, the step of fixing the tooth cartridge 10 described above is reversed. That is, after the wedge 67 is struck off, the jack 57 is attached to the reaction plate on the side different from the reaction plate 43 used when the tooth cartridge 10 is press-fitted, and the body portion 30a of the fixed plate 30 is separated from the short region 60. By pressing the side surface of the substrate 15 in the direction, the fixing plate 30 is pushed out to the elongated region 55, released from the bottomed concave portion 50, and removed.

When the tooth cartridge 10 is removed from the cutting edge 40 of the shell 5, the opening region 52 of the bottomed concave portion 50 of the cutting edge 40 is exposed. Since the bottom of the bottomed recess 50 is covered with the bottom plate 51, even if the opening region 52 is exposed, the function as the shell 5 is not affected, and the grab bucket 100 for dredging without teeth cannot be used as it is. be. However, since the dredged earth and sand enters the exposed bottomed recesses 50 during dredging, it is necessary to clean the bottomed recesses 50 when the tooth cartridge 10 is mounted. Therefore, when the tooth cartridge 10 is removed and used without teeth, it is preferable to engage the bottomed concave portion 50 with the cover lid 70 to cover it.

A configuration for attaching the cover 70 to the bottomed concave portion 50 will be described with reference to FIGS. 36 to 41. FIG. FIG. 36 is an overall perspective view of the cover 70 from the surface side and from the back side. Reference numeral 71 denotes a cover plate, which is a rectangular plate member having a predetermined area covering the opening region 52 of the bottomed concave portion 50 . A vertical backing plate 72 is erected perpendicularly to the cover plate 71 at a position eccentric from the center of the back surface of the cover plate 71 . A pair of upper and lower hook-shaped (L-shaped) horizontal stay plates 73 a and 73 b are fixed to the upper and lower ends of the vertical stay plate 72 . The tip portion 72a of the vertical backing plate 72 protrudes slightly from the cover plate 71, and the upper end portion 72b projects from the upper surface of the horizontal backing plate 73a disposed above. Similarly, the lower end portion (not shown) of the vertical stay plate 72 protrudes from the lower surface of the horizontal stay plate 73b arranged below. A stepped portion 74 projecting to the surface side is formed at one end of the lid plate 71 in the direction in which the vertical backing plate 72 is eccentric, and an engagement plate 75 is formed near the stepped portion 74 on the rear surface of the lid plate 71 . affixed.

By engaging the cover lid 70 having the configuration described above with the bottomed recess 50 of the cutting edge 40 , the bottomed recess 50 of the cutting edge 40 without teeth is covered. In order to engage the cover 70 with the bottomed recess 50, the cover plate 71 faces the bottomed recess 50 as shown in FIGS. 55. 40, the cover 70 is slid toward the short area 60 by using the distal end portion 72a of the vertical backing plate 72 protruding from the cover plate 71. As shown in FIG. 73b enters the long region 55 adjacent to the short region 60 and engages with the pair of upper and lower pedestals 53 and lower pedestals 54 of the bottomed concave portion 50 having a hook-shaped cross section. At the same time, the engaging plate 75 attached to the rear surface of the cover plate 71 engages with the wall surface of the elongated region 55 of the bottomed concave portion 50 . Thereby, the cover 70 is fixed to the bottomed concave portion 50 .

To remove the cover 70 from the state shown in FIG. 41 in order to change to the one with teeth, insert an appropriate jig such as a slotted screwdriver into the stepped portion 74 and lift it up, so that the engaging plate 75 is removed from the wall surface of the recessed portion 50 with a bottom. By sliding the cover plate 71 to the long region 55 , the cover 70 can be removed from the bottomed recess 50 .

According to the present invention described above, in a grab bucket for dredging in which a pair of left and right shells are supported so as to be openable and closable, the shells having cutting edges without teeth are used as a basis, and the cutting edges of the shells are changed to have teeth for each shell. can do. Therefore, it is possible to freely select shells without teeth or with teeth for dredging without replacing the dredging grab bucket itself or the shell itself, and without requiring the attachment and detachment operation for each tooth. Become. That is, one grab bucket for dredging does not require teeth such as thin-layer sludge dredging, soft soil dredging that does not require a large excavation force, and finishing dredging, or the presence of teeth is an obstacle. A toothless bucket suitable for such dredging and a toothed bucket for grabbing large-capacity objects and dredging that requires teeth, such as when hard ground is mixed in the excavated ground. can be used for

Replacement of the cutting edge of the shell is performed by fixing a tooth cartridge having a plurality of teeth for each shell over the outer surface of the cutting edge in the mouth width direction. Moreover, since the work can be carried out on a dredger, there is no need to return to the port for the replacement work, and the replacement work can be carried out efficiently. Therefore, it is possible to timely replace the cutting edge of the shell corresponding to changes in soil properties and dredging purposes.

When the tooth cartridge is mounted on the cutting edge of the shell, bolts and welding are not required, and the fixed plate of the tooth cartridge is inserted into the bottomed recess formed on the cutting edge of the shell to engage it, and a wedge is used as the pressure contact body. By pressing and fixing the tooth cartridge to the cutting edge, the cutting edge of the shell can be changed to one with teeth at once, and it is possible to change from a bucket without teeth to a bucket with teeth. becomes.

Also, when removing the tooth cartridge from the cutting edge of the shell, there is no bolt hole that penetrates the cutting edge of the shell because no bolt is used, and there is no need for fusing because there is no welding. By removing the wedge that presses the pressure contact body against the cutting edge from the bucket and removing the tooth cartridge equipped with multiple teeth, the cutting edge of the shell can be changed to toothless all at once, and it can be used as a toothless bucket. It becomes possible to In addition, it is possible to cover the recessed portion with a bottom by simply engaging the cover with a single operation, thus eliminating the conventional complicated work of closing the bolt hole using a bolt and a nut.

5 Shell 10 Tooth cartridge 15 Substrate 16 Insertion hole 17 Suspension ring 20 Tooth 21 Adapter 21a Protrusion 21b Connection hole 21c Through hole 22 Point 22b Connection hole 25 Wedge receiver 26, 67 Wedge 30 Fixed plate 30a Main body 30b Protruding piece 31 Spacer 35 Rib 36 Positioning pin 36a Tapered surface 40 Cutting edge 40a Front surface 40b Back surface 41 Upper regulation plate 42 Lower regulation plate 43 Reaction force Plate 45 Rib support plate 46 Positioning hole 47 Split pin 48 Window 48a Wedge support ring fixing hole 50 Bottomed recess 51 Bottom plate 52 Opening area 52a Temporary long hole area 52b Temporary short hole area 53 Upper pedestal 53a, 54a Base pedestal 53b, 54b Protruding pedestal 54 Lower pedestal 55 Long region 57 Jack 60 Short region 65 Pressure contact mechanism 66 Pressure contact body 66a Wedge receiver 68 Wedge support ring 70 Cover lid 71 Lid plate 72 Vertical backing plate 72a Top end 72b Upper end 73a, 73b Horizontal backing plate 74 Stepped portion 75 Engagement plate 100 Grab bucket for dredging 101 Lower frame 102 Upper frame 103 Tie rod DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 104... Hanging ring 105... Guide roller 106... Shell cover 109, 111, 113... Shaft 115... Mouth width dimension 117... Open width dimension 120... Water bottom D... Longitudinal dimension W... Width dimension H1, H2... Vertical dimension L, L2 …Depth dimension g…Misalignment

Claims (15)

A grab bucket for dredging comprising a pair of left and right shells pivotally supported so that they can be opened and closed,
The cutting edge of the shell is toothless,
A rectangular substrate, a plurality of teeth fixed to the substrate at regular intervals, and a tooth cartridge equipped with a fixing plate for fixing to the blade edge are detachably fixed for each shell over the outer surface of the blade edge in the mouth width direction. By,
This grab bucket for dredging is characterized by enabling dredging by selecting a state without teeth or with teeth. 2. The grab bucket for dredging according to claim 1, wherein the tooth cartridge is attachable and detachable without forming a bolt hole over the outer surface of the cutting edge in the mouth width direction. tooth cartridge
a rectangular substrate with a plurality of insertion holes drilled at predetermined positions;
a tooth having a point fixed to an adapter having a through hole;
a rib fixed to the adapter;
3. The grab bucket for dredging according to claim 1 , further comprising a fixed plate fixed to the rib and passing through the through-hole of the adapter and projecting the base end from the through-hole of the substrate. A window portion is opened at a predetermined position of the base plate, a press-contact body is loosely fitted in the window portion, and a wedge support ring that laterally spans the window portion is installed on the base plate, and a wedge is attached to the wedge support ring when the tooth cartridge is fixed. 4. The grab bucket for dredging according to claim 1, 2 or 3 , wherein the tooth cartridge is fixed to the cutting edge by driving and pressing the press-contact body against the cutting edge. 5. The grab bucket for dredging according to claim 4 , wherein the surface of the pressing body on the wedge driving side is formed as a wedge receiver. A grab bucket for dredging according to claim 4 or 5 , wherein the windows are opened between the teeth. 7. The dredge according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, wherein the fixed plate is formed by protruding pieces protruding vertically from the main body on both upper and lower surfaces of the base end of the rectangular main body. for grab buckets. Bottomed recesses corresponding to the number of teeth are formed at predetermined intervals on the outer surface of the cutting edge in the mouth width direction,
8. The grab bucket for dredging according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 , wherein the fixed plate is engaged with the bottomed recess. 9. The grab bucket for dredging according to claim 8 , wherein the bottomed concave portion is composed of a long area into which the projecting piece of the fixing plate can enter and a short area into which the projecting piece cannot enter but the main body portion can enter. After the fixing plate is inserted into the long region of the bottomed recess, the substrate is pressed and moved in the mouth width direction of the bottomed recess, thereby supporting the protruding piece of the fixing plate in the long region and moving the main body. 10. The dredging grab bucket of claim 9 , wherein the fixed plate is engaged with the bottomed recess by being supported by the short area. 11. The method according to claim 10 , wherein reaction plates are protruding outward in the mouth width direction of the bottomed recesses located at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the cutting edge, and the substrate is pressed by a jack interposed between the reaction plate and the substrate. Grab bucket for dredging. An upper regulating plate for regulating the upper end of the substrate is provided on the outer surface of the cutting edge above the bottomed recess, protruding in the mouth width direction,
12. The grab bucket for dredging according to claim 8, 9, 10 or 11 , wherein a lower regulating plate for regulating the lower end of the substrate is provided on the outer surface of the cutting edge below the bottomed recess and protrudes in the mouth width direction. 13. The grab bucket for dredging according to claim 12 , wherein a rib support plate is protrusively provided on the outer surface of the cutting edge above the upper regulation plate to closely support the rib when the tooth cartridge is fixed. 14. The grab bucket for dredging according to claim 13 , wherein a position of the tooth cartridge when fixed is determined by projecting a positioning pin from the rib and inserting the pin into a positioning hole drilled in the rib support plate when fixing the tooth cartridge. 15. The grab bucket for dredging according to claim 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 or 14 , wherein the bottomed recess is covered by engaging a cover in a state without teeth.

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