JP7318285B2 - latent heat storage tank - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a latent heat storage tank in which a latent heat storage material is arranged in a tank body, and more particularly to a latent heat storage tank in which a fluid is introduced into the tank body to exchange heat with the latent heat storage material and taken out.

Patent Documents 1 and 2 describe a latent heat storage tank in which a latent heat storage material is arranged in a tank body and a fluid is circulated in the tank body to exchange heat between the fluid and the latent heat storage material. Patent Literature 1 describes that a mesh is arranged between bag-shaped latent heat storage materials to maintain a gap between the latent heat storage materials.

JP 2015-94519 A JP 2018-162957 A

Even if the mesh is arranged between the latent heat storage materials as in Patent Document 1, when the latent heat storage materials are melted, the latent heat storage materials come to be in close contact with the mesh, and there is sufficient space between the latent heat storage materials. sufficient fluid circulation space is not secured.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a latent heat storage tank in which a sufficient fluid circulation space is secured between latent heat storage materials even when the latent heat storage materials are melted.

A latent heat storage tank of the present invention is a latent heat storage tank having a tank body and a latent heat storage material arranged in the tank body, wherein a plurality of latent heat storage material assemblies are arranged in the tank body, and the latent heat storage material The assembly includes a plurality of coaxially arranged cylinders of a fluid permeable material and the latent heat storage material disposed in spaces between at least some of the cylinders. It is characterized by

In one aspect of the present invention, an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder are provided as the cylindrical body, and a plurality of the latent heat storage materials are arranged in a space between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder.

In one aspect of the present invention, a smaller number of the latent heat storage materials are arranged in the space inside the inner cylinder than in the space between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder.

In one aspect of the present invention, the latent heat storage material is not arranged in the space inside the inner cylinder.

In one aspect of the present invention, a plurality of the latent heat storage material assemblies are arranged in the tank body with the cylinder axis direction of the cylinder oriented in the vertical direction.

In one aspect of the present invention, the latent heat storage material assembly is arranged in multiple stages in the upper and lower sides of the tank body.

In one aspect of the present invention, at least a lower portion and an upper portion of the tank body are respectively provided with fluid flow openings.

In the present invention, the fluid may be liquid, gas, a mixture of both, slurry, or the like.

According to the latent heat storage tank of the present invention, even when the latent heat storage material is partially melted and softened, the flow space for the fluid is ensured, and heat exchange between the latent heat storage material and the fluid is sufficiently performed.

1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a latent heat storage tank according to an embodiment; FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a latent heat storage tank according to an embodiment; FIG. It is an exploded perspective view of a holder. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a method of inserting the latent heat storage material into the holder; FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the upper portion of the latent heat storage material assembly; It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an outer cylinder. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a latent heat storage tank according to another embodiment.

Embodiments will be described below with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the latent heat storage tank 1 has a tank body 10 and a latent heat storage material assembly 20 arranged within the tank body 10 . In this embodiment, a weight material 30 such as a punching plate having a plurality of holes 31 is arranged on the upper surface of the latent heat storage material assembly 20 . 2 is a perspective view of the tank body 10 from which the upper surface 13 and the weight member 30, which will be described later, are removed. 2, illustration of the latent heat storage material 23 (described later) of the latent heat storage material assembly 20 is omitted. again,

The tank body 10 has a cylindrical shape having a side peripheral wall 11, a bottom surface 12, and an upper surface 13, but its planar shape may be rectangular, polygonal, elliptical, or the like. Fluid communication ports 14 and 15 are provided in the lower portion and the upper portion of the tank body 10, respectively.

As clearly shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the latent heat storage material assembly 20 includes a cylindrical outer cylinder 21 and an inner cylinder 22 each made of a fluid-permeable structure such as a net, a punching plate, a nonwoven fabric or a woven fabric, and the outer cylinder. 21 and a latent heat storage material 23 disposed between the inner cylinder 22 . The inner cylinder 22 is arranged coaxially within the outer cylinder 21 . In this embodiment, the inner cylinder 22 and the outer cylinder 21 have the same length, but they may have slightly different lengths.

In FIGS. 3 to 5, the inner cylinder 22 and the outer cylinder 21 are illustrated as being made of a mesh material, but may be made of a perforated plate such as a punching plate, or any other structure that allows fluid flow. may be The constituent material may be any of metal, resin, inorganic material, etc. The inner cylinder 22 and the outer cylinder 21 are made of, for example, a helical framework made of polyolefin with a mesh attached (for example, Yukadren (trade name)). (trademark), etc.) may be used.

The latent heat storage material assembly 20 is arranged in the tank body 10 with the longitudinal direction of the outer cylinder 21 and the inner cylinder 22 as the vertical direction. The latent heat storage material assembly 20 has a length such that its upper end is lower than the upper circulation port 15 .

A plurality of latent heat storage materials 23 are arranged between the inner cylinder 22 and the outer cylinder 21 . The length of the latent heat storage material 23 is substantially the same as that of the inner cylinder 22 and the outer cylinder 21, but it may be slightly shorter. The latent heat storage material 23 is obtained by wrapping a latent heat storage material composition with a synthetic resin film or sheet, and has a substantially elongated plate shape when the latent heat storage material composition is cured. At this time, the thickness of the latent heat storage material 23 is preferably 20 mm or less, more preferably 10 mm or less, from the viewpoint of more efficient heat exchange with the fluid. The latent heat storage material 23 is arranged only between the inner cylinder 22 and the outer cylinder 21 , and the latent heat storage material 23 is not arranged inside the inner cylinder 22 .

To assemble the latent heat storage material assembly 20, as shown in FIG. 3, the inner cylinder 22 is inserted into the outer cylinder 21, and then, as shown in FIG. Although it is preferred to be inserted between, it is not limited to this.

The weight material 30 is arranged to prevent the latent heat storage material 23 from floating when a fluid having a higher specific gravity than the latent heat storage material 23 is circulated. The fluid is generally water, but is not limited to this. When using a fluid having a higher specific gravity than the latent heat storage material 23, the weight material 30 is required. If the weight of the weight member 30 is insufficient, a load (not shown) may be placed on the upper surface of the weight member 30 .

A method of using the latent heat storage tank 1 configured in this way will be described.

<First method of use>
A fluid having a temperature lower than the phase transformation temperature of the latent heat storage material 23 is circulated through the latent heat storage tank 1, or the entire latent heat storage tank 1 is placed in a state of a temperature lower than the phase transformation temperature, whereby the latent heat storage material 23 is changed to the low temperature phase. After that, a fluid having a temperature higher than the phase transformation temperature is caused to flow into the latent heat storage tank 1, and a fluid having a temperature substantially equal to the phase transformation temperature is caused to flow out. The fluid may flow from the flow port 14 to the flow port 15 in order, or conversely, from the flow port 15 toward the flow port 14 . The same applies to the second method of use described below.

<Second Usage>
A fluid having a temperature higher than the phase transformation temperature of the latent heat storage material 23 is circulated through the latent heat storage tank 1, or the entire latent heat storage tank 1 is brought to a state of a temperature higher than the phase transformation temperature, whereby the latent heat storage material 23 is changed to a high temperature phase. After that, a fluid having a temperature lower than the phase transformation temperature is caused to flow into the latent heat storage tank 1, and a fluid having a temperature substantially equal to the phase transformation temperature is caused to flow out.

In any of the usage methods 1 and 2, at least a portion of the latent heat storage material composition of the latent heat storage material 23 is melted, the latent heat storage material 23 is softened, and at least a portion of the latent heat storage material 23 is exposed to the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 22 and the outer cylinder 21 . Since the fluid flows through the space between the assemblies 20 and the space inside the inner cylinder 22, the contact area between the fluid and the latent heat storage material 23 is ensured. Heat exchange with the latent heat storage material 23 is sufficiently performed.

In the above-described embodiment, the outer cylinder 21 of the assembly 20 is open at both the bottom surface and the top surface. A possible top lid portion 21a or bottom lid portion 21b may be provided, or both the top lid portion 21a and the bottom lid portion 21b may be provided as in an outer cylinder 21C of FIG. 6(c).

In the case of FIG. 6(c), it is preferable that one of the canopy portion 21a and the bottom lid portion 21b can be opened and closed, and the latent heat storage material 23 can be taken in and out between the inner cylinder 21 and the outer cylinder 21C.

When the bottom cover portion 21b is provided as shown in FIGS. 6B and 6C, the latent heat storage material assembly in which the inner cylinder 22 and the latent heat storage material 23 are inserted into the outer cylinder 21B or 21C is integrated into the tank body 10. It can be put in and taken out from the inside, making the production and maintenance of the latent heat storage tank easier.

Although the latent heat storage material assembly is not arranged inside the inner cylinder 22 in the above embodiment, the latent heat storage material assembly may be arranged inside the inner cylinder 22 . In this case, the number of latent heat storage material assemblies arranged inside the inner cylinder 22 is preferably smaller than the number of latent heat storage material assemblies arranged between the outer cylinder 21 and the inner cylinder 22 .

In addition, in the above-described embodiment, the latent heat storage material assembly 20 is installed in one stage in the tank body 10, but it may be installed in upper and lower multiple stages as shown in FIG. In this case, it is preferable to dispose a perforated member such as the weight material 30 between the vertically adjacent latent heat storage material assemblies 20 .

In the above-described embodiment, the latent heat storage material assembly 20 uses a coaxial double cylinder consisting of the outer cylinder 21 and the inner cylinder 22, but a coaxial multiple cylinder with three or more layers may also be used. . In the case of coaxial multiple cylindrical bodies, the latent heat storage material is inserted into the inner peripheral space of the odd-numbered cylindrical bodies counted from the outer peripheral side, and the latent heat storage material is inserted into the inner peripheral space of the even-numbered cylindrical bodies. may not be inserted.

In the above-described embodiment, the lower end of the latent heat storage material assembly 20 is in contact with the bottom surface 12 of the tank body 10. However, a perforated plate is arranged along the bottom surface of the tank body 10, and the flow port is located below the perforated plate. 14 may be provided, and the lower end of the latent heat storage material assembly 20 may be brought into contact with the perforated plate.

Preferred examples of the latent heat storage material composition are described below.

The latent heat storage material composition is preferably (i) a composition comprising a paraffin compound and an olefinic thermoplastic elastomer, preferably a styrene elastomer, or (ii) a curable heat storage composition described later.

The styrene-based elastomer of the composition (i) consists of a hard segment made of polystyrene and a soft segment made of polybutadiene, polyisoprene, polyisobutylene, hydrogenated products thereof, and/or copolymers thereof. elastomers are preferred.

Specific examples of styrene elastomers include styrene-butadiene copolymer (SB), styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymer (SBS), styrene-isoprene copolymer (SI), styrene-isoprene-styrene copolymer ( SIS), styrene-isobutylene copolymer (SIB), styrene-isobutylene-styrene copolymer (SIBS), styrene-butadiene-butylene-styrene copolymer (SBBS), styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene copolymer ( SEBS), styrene-ethylene-propylene-styrene copolymer (SEPS), styrene-ethylene-ethylene-propylene-styrene (SEEPS) copolymer. These may be used singly or in combination of two or more. Moreover, these copolymers may be used. Among these, it is particularly preferable to use triblock copolymers such as SBS, SBBS, SIS, SEBS, SEPS, SEEPS, and SIBS from the viewpoint of shape retention.

The latent heat storage material (ii) includes a curable heat storage composition containing a polyol (a), an isocyanate group-containing compound (b), and a heat storage material (c). The curable heat storage composition will be described below.

<Polyol (a)>
The polyol of the component (a) is a component that reacts with the component (b), which will be described later, to form a three-dimensional crosslinked structure for supporting the heat storage material (c), and can form a dense crosslinked structure. .

Examples of the polyol (a) include polyester polyols, polyether polyols, polyolefin polyols, polycarbonate polyols, polycaprolactone polyols, acrylic polyols, epoxy polyols, alkyd polyols, fluorine-containing polyols, silicon-containing polyols, cellulose and/or derivatives thereof. , polysaccharides such as amylose, and the like. As the component (a), only one of these may be used, or two or more thereof may be mixed and used.

<Compound (b) having an isocyanate group>
The component (b) reacts with the hydroxyl groups of the polyol (a) to form a three-dimensional crosslinked structure. The isocyanate groups in the component (b) have excellent reactivity with the hydroxyl groups, and the reaction proceeds rapidly. and form a dense crosslinked structure.

As the isocyanate group-containing compound (b), aliphatic diisocyanates are particularly preferred, and HMDI and derivatives thereof are particularly preferred.

<Content ratio of compound (b) having polyol (a) and isocyanate group>
The content ratio of components (a) and (b) contained in the curable heat storage composition of the present invention is preferably 0.5 to 2.0, more preferably 0.8 in terms of NCO/OH ratio (equivalent ratio). It may be set within the range of ~1.5.

<Heat storage material (c)>
Examples of the heat storage material (c) include inorganic latent heat storage materials and organic latent heat storage materials.

Examples of inorganic latent heat storage materials include hydrated sodium sulfate decahydrate, sodium carbonate decahydrate, sodium hydrogenphosphate dodecahydrate, sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, and calcium chloride hexahydrate. Salt etc. are mentioned.

Examples of organic latent heat storage materials include aliphatic hydrocarbons, long-chain alcohols, long-chain fatty acids, long-chain fatty acid esters, polyether compounds, and fatty acid triglycerides.

One or more of these heat storage materials can be used as the heat storage material (c).

The content of the heat storage material (c) in the curable heat storage composition is not particularly limited, but is preferably 40 to 50% by weight, more preferably 50 to 85% by weight, still more preferably 60 to 80% by weight. .

<Other ingredients>
In addition to the components described above, the curable heat storage composition may contain various additives. Such additives include, for example, plasticizers, preservatives, antifungal agents, anti-algae agents, defoaming agents, leveling agents, pigment dispersants, anti-settling agents, anti-sagging agents, hardening accelerators, dehydrating agents, Matting agents, flame retardants, ultraviolet absorbers, light stabilizers and the like can be mentioned.

The above description is merely an example of the present invention, and the present invention may be embodied in forms other than those described above.

1 latent heat storage tank 10 tank body 20, 20A, 20B, 20C latent heat storage material assembly 21, 21A, 21B, 21C outer cylinder 22 inner cylinder 23 latent heat storage material 30 weight material

Claims (7)

In a latent heat storage tank having a tank body and a latent heat storage material arranged in the tank body,
A plurality of latent heat storage material assemblies are arranged in the tank body,
The latent heat storage material assembly has an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder made of a fluid-permeable material arranged coaxially, and the latent heat storage material arranged in a space between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. and
The latent heat storage material is not arranged in the space inside the inner cylinder,
A latent heat storage tank, wherein the latent heat storage material comprises a latent heat storage material composition that at least partially melts when the temperature is higher than a phase transformation temperature . 2. The latent heat storage tank according to claim 1 , wherein a plurality of said latent heat storage material assemblies are arranged in said tank body with the direction of the cylinder axis of said cylindrical body extending vertically. 3. A latent heat storage tank according to claim 2 , wherein said latent heat storage material assemblies are arranged in multiple stages vertically in said tank body. 4. A latent heat storage tank according to claim 2 or 3 , characterized in that at least a lower portion and an upper portion of said tank body are respectively provided with flow openings for fluid. The latent heat storage tank according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the latent heat storage material is obtained by wrapping the latent heat storage material composition with a synthetic resin film or sheet. 6. The latent heat storage tank according to claim 5, wherein the latent heat storage material has a substantially elongated plate shape when the latent heat storage material composition is cured. At a temperature higher than the phase transformation temperature of the latent heat storage material composition, at least a portion of the latent heat storage material melts and softens, and at least a portion of the latent heat storage material melts into the inner cylinder. 7. The latent heat storage tank according to claim 5 or 6, which is in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the outer cylinder or the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder.

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