JP7297002B2 - Welding method and welding equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a welding method and welding apparatus.

Conventionally, in hybrid laser arc welding, it is known that a single laser beam is scanned prior to the electric arc on the joint surface of the workpiece (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent No. 6159147

By the way, when arc-welding a metal material such as titanium having a low thermal conductivity as a workpiece, the heat during welding is difficult to be conducted in the width direction orthogonal to the welding progress direction with respect to the welded portion. For this reason, it is difficult for the molten pool to expand, and a narrow convex bead is formed, and the welding wire penetration amount increases.
The above-mentioned prior art makes it easier for the molten pool to spread, but since the single laser beam is scanned over the joint surface of the workpiece prior to the electric arc, the range of heat input by the laser beam is also limited to the width. Difficult to spread in any direction. A stable bead can be obtained by laser scanning. However, there is a problem that it is difficult to achieve both the required bead width and penetration depth.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to form a wide and stable weld bead in a welding method and a welding apparatus.

As a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the invention described in claim 1 is a welding method for welding and joining metal members (11, 12) using both laser irradiation and arc welding, wherein the laser irradiation is a mirror (27, 32) make the irradiation direction variable, and at a position preceding the arc welding in the welding progress direction, one side in the width direction of the molten pool (46a, 46a1) formed by the arc welding From the end (46a2) or near the end (46a2), passing through the center (51) in the width direction, the end (46a3) or the end on the other widthwise side of the molten pool (46a, 46a1) A first path (57) along which the laser beam is scanned to the vicinity of (46a3), and a laser beam along the edge (46a2) on one side in the width direction of the molten pool (46a, 46a1) or the vicinity of the edge (46a2). A second path (58) along which light is scanned is set, and while alternately repeating the scanning of the first path (57) and the scanning of the second path (58), the preheating units (41b, 42b) There is provided a welding method characterized in that the arc welding proceeds while generating

According to this configuration, the position offset to both sides from the center in the width direction of the welding path where arc welding is performed by laser irradiation preceding the welding direction, for example, the width in the welding direction in the molten pool formed by arc welding A preheated portion directly irradiated with laser light is generated at both ends in the direction. As a result, even when welding a metal material having a low thermal conductivity, the molten pool can easily spread in the width direction, and a stable weld bead can be formed.
In addition, depending on the setting of the mirror, it is also possible to perform laser irradiation (second path) that does not scan the center of the width direction, which is the arc cathode point, among the multiple laser irradiation, so that the amount of heat input to the arc cathode point does not become too large. It is possible to prevent back-through.

The invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that the laser irradiation is performed to the width direction both ends (46a2, 46a3) of the molten pools (46a, 46a1) formed by the arc welding.
According to this configuration, it is possible to increase the amount of heat input to both ends in the width direction of the molten pool, and to form a more stable weld bead.

The invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that the laser irradiation is performed so as to input heat to the entire welded portion of the arc welding.
According to this configuration, the weld bead width can be widened, and the required bead width can be obtained with a small amount of wire used.

In the invention described in claim 4 , the first path (57) scans the laser beam in the width direction so as to be orthogonal to the direction of progress of the arc welding, and the second path (58) scans the , the laser beam is scanned along the progressing direction of the arc welding, and the irradiation path length of the first path (57) is longer than that of the second path (58).
According to this configuration, when the laser beam is scanned in the width direction, a long distance such as the distance between the end of the molten pool on one side in the width direction and the end on the other side in the width direction of the molten pool , the heat can be appropriately input by lengthening the irradiation path of the laser.

The invention described in claim 5 is characterized in that the welding method is applied to butt welding, lap fillet welding, or butt welding of thin metal plates or thin metal plate structures.
According to this configuration, it is possible to perform welding with high precision even when welding thin plate materials that are highly likely to have strike-through.

A sixth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the metal members (11, 12) are made of titanium.
According to this configuration, titanium, which has low thermal conductivity and consumes a large amount of welding wire, is preheated by preceding laser irradiation to widen the bead width and prevent it from becoming a convex bead, thereby reducing the amount of welding wire used. can do.

The invention described in claim 7 is a welding apparatus for welding and joining metal members (11, 12) by using both laser irradiation and arc welding, wherein the laser irradiation unit (6) performs the laser irradiation, An arc welding part (7) that performs the arc welding, and the laser irradiation part (6) includes a galvanomirror (27, 32) that changes the irradiation position of the laser light in the direction of the laser light irradiation surface, The laser irradiation part (6) is located at a position preceding the arc welding by the arc welding part (7) in the welding progress direction, and on one side in the width direction of the molten pool (46a, 46a1) formed by the arc welding. From the end (46a2) or near the end (46a2), passing through the center (51) in the width direction, the end (46a3) or the end on the other widthwise side of the molten pool (46a, 46a1) A first path (57) along which the laser beam is scanned to the vicinity of (46a3), and a laser beam along the edge (46a2) on one side in the width direction of the molten pool (46a, 46a1) or the vicinity of the edge (46a2). A second path (58) along which the light is scanned is set, and the laser irradiation unit (6) operates when the laser light scans the first path (57) and when the laser light scans the second path ( 58) is scanned, the irradiation direction of the laser beam is controlled by the galvanometer mirrors (27, 32), and the preheated portions (41b, 42b) preheated by receiving the laser irradiation are generated. We provide welding equipment.
According to this configuration, the position offset to both sides from the center in the width direction of the welding path where arc welding is performed by laser irradiation preceding the welding direction, for example, the width in the welding direction in the molten pool formed by arc welding A preheated portion directly irradiated with laser light is generated at both ends in the direction. As a result, even when welding a metal material having a low thermal conductivity, the molten pool tends to expand in the width direction, and the weld bead can be stabilized.
In addition, the laser irradiation direction can be easily varied by operating the galvanomirror.
In addition, by setting the galvanometer mirror, it is possible to perform laser irradiation in which the laser beam does not scan the center of the width direction, which is the arc cathode point, among the multiple laser irradiation paths, suppressing the amount of heat input to the weld from becoming too large. , strike-through can be suppressed.

In the eighth aspect of the invention, a gas supply tool (71) is used to supply the shielding gas for arc welding, and the gas supply tool (71) extends from a gas supply port (71h) to a gas discharge port (78). The gas supply path (82) to the point is characterized by having a labyrinth structure.
According to this configuration, the labyrinth structure prevents the shielding gas from being mixed with the atmosphere, and can provide the welding portion with the shielding gas of good quality.

According to the present invention, in a welding method and a welding apparatus for welding and joining metal members using both laser irradiation and arc welding, the width direction of the welding path where arc welding is performed by laser irradiation preceding the welding progress direction Locations offset to either side of the center can be preheated to form a stable weld bead.

1 is a perspective view of a welding device according to an embodiment of the invention; FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a galvanometer scanner unit; FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a laser irradiation to a metal member and an implementation state of arc welding; FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state of laser irradiation and arc welding to a metal member; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the effect of preheating by laser irradiation of the embodiment; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the effect of preheating by laser irradiation in a comparative example; FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a state of laser irradiation and arc welding to a metal member; FIG. 4 is an explanatory drawing showing a scanning route (trajectory in design) of laser light; FIG. 10 is an operation explanatory diagram showing a scanning route (actual trajectory) of laser light; FIG. 4 is a first perspective view showing a gas supply tool for supplying shielding gas; Fig. 2 is a second perspective view showing the gas supply tool;

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
<Welding equipment>
As shown in FIG. 1, a welding apparatus 1 includes a base 2, an arm-type robot 3 installed on the base 2, a laser irradiation unit 6 and an arc welding unit 7 fixed to an arm 4 of the arm-type robot 3. and a work board 8 provided on the base 2.
The welding device 1 also includes a control device (not shown) that controls the operations of the arm-shaped robot 3, the laser irradiation unit 6, the arc welding unit 7, and the like. The welding device 1 welds and joins the metal members 11 and 12 fixed on the work board 8 by using both the laser irradiation and the arc welding described above.

The laser irradiation unit 6 is of a virtual twin beam type using a galvanometer scanner unit 21 (see FIG. 2). A description of the galvanometer scanner unit 21 will be given later.
The arc welded portion 7 is a portion where MIG welding is performed using an inert gas (for example, argon gas) as a shielding gas. The arc welding part 7 has a welding torch 15, and a welding wire 16 as an electrode protrudes from the tip of the welding torch 15. As shown in FIG. A nozzle 17 for discharging shielding gas is provided at the tip of the welding torch 15 . The periphery of the arc and the periphery of the molten pool formed in the metal members 11 and 12 to be welded are shielded from the atmosphere by the shielding gas supplied from the nozzle 17 .

As shown in FIG. 2, the galvano scanner unit 21 includes a first galvano unit 23 and a second galvano unit 23 that guide laser light oscillated from a laser oscillator (not shown) provided in the laser irradiation unit 6 (see FIG. 1) in a predetermined direction. A galvano unit 24 is provided.
A branching mirror (not shown) is provided between the laser oscillator and the first galvano unit 23 for branching the laser beam emitted from the laser oscillator into two beams 41 and 42 (Fig. 3) reaches the first galvano unit 23 . The other laser beam 42 of the two split laser beams 41 and 42 is sent to another galvano scanner unit 21 .

The first galvanometer unit 23 includes a first galvanometer motor 26 and a galvanometer mirror 27 attached to a rotating shaft 26 a of the first galvanometer motor 26 . The galvanometer mirror 27 reflects the laser light emitted from the laser oscillator to the second galvanometer unit 24 side. By actuating the first galvanometer motor 26 and rotating the rotating shaft 26a in the direction of arrow A, the galvanometer mirror 27 can be rotated to change the reflection angle of the laser light toward the second galvanometer unit 24 side. It is possible.

The second galvanometer unit 24 includes a second galvanometer motor 31 and a galvanometer mirror 32 attached to a rotating shaft 31 a of the second galvanometer motor 31 . The galvano mirror 32 reflects the laser beam 41 reflected by the galvano mirror 27 of the first galvano unit 23 toward the metal member 11 (see FIG. 1), which is the object to be welded. By operating the second galvanometer motor 31 and rotating the rotating shaft 31a in the direction of the arrow B, the galvanometer mirror 32 can be rotated to change the reflection angle of the laser beam 41 toward the metal member 11 side. is. That is, it is possible to change the irradiation position of the metal member 11 with the laser beam 41 .

The rotating shaft 26a of the first galvano motor 26 and the rotating shaft 31a of the second galvano motor 31 are orthogonal to each other, and it is possible to finely adjust the irradiation position of the laser beam 41 toward the metal member 11 side. .
The galvanometer scanner unit 21 includes a controller 34 that controls the operations of the first galvanometer motor 26 and the second galvanometer motor 31 . The rotation angle and rotation direction of the rotation shaft 26a of the first galvano motor 26 and the rotation shaft 31a of the second galvano motor 31 are controlled by commands from the control unit 34, and the irradiation position of the laser beam 41 toward the metal member 11 is controlled. is set.

3 and 4 show a state in which the metal members 11 and 12 are irradiated with laser beams 41 and 42, respectively, and arc welding (lap joint welding) is in progress. An arrow F in the drawing indicates the advancing direction of the laser beams 41 and 42 and the welding torch 15 (that is, the welding advancing direction). An arrow H in the drawing indicates the width direction of the welding path. The width direction is a direction orthogonal to the welding progress direction and indicates a direction along a surface facing the tip portion of the arc welded portion 7 at the welding location. The width direction may be a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the tip portion of the arc welded portion 7 when the welded portion has a three-dimensional shape having a plurality of surfaces.
The laser beams 41 and 42 and the welding torch 15 move together. The laser beams 41 and 42 move ahead of the welding torch 15 in the welding advancing direction.

In FIG. 4, the irradiation positions 41a and 42a irradiated with the laser beams 41 and 42 are assumed to be at both ends in the width direction H perpendicular to the welding advancing direction F in the molten pool 46a formed by arc welding. Since the laser beams 41 and 42 move ahead of the arc welding, the arc welding is not actually performed yet at the positions where the laser beams 41 and 42 are irradiated. Therefore, although the molten pool 46a is not formed, as a result, the laser beams 41 and 42 are irradiated so that the irradiation positions 41a and 42a of the laser beams 41 and 42 are both ends in the width direction of the weld bead 43 and the molten pool 46a. Irradiation positions 41a and 42a are set. The reason for this will be explained with reference to FIG. 5 and subsequent figures. Reference numerals 41b and 42b in the drawing denote preheating portions generated by preheating the metal material at the respective irradiation positions 41a and 42a.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, when arc welding a metal material 46 with low thermal conductivity (for example, titanium), the molten pool 46a formed in the metal material 46 mainly during arc welding is , ie, the width direction of the molten pool 46a. For this purpose, the laser beams 41 and 42 moving ahead of the welding torch 15 of the arc welding portion 7 in the welding progress direction are irradiated to both ends of the molten pool 46a in the width direction orthogonal to the welding progress direction. to preheat the area.

By preheating with the laser beams 41 and 42, the width of the molten pool 46a formed mainly by arc welding after the start of irradiation with the laser beams 41 and 42 can be made wider.
As a result, after the arc welding is completed, the width W1 of the formed bead 48 is increased, and furthermore, the protrusion height P1 from the surface 46b of the metal material 46 can be decreased while the penetration depth D1 of the bead 48 is decreased. can. As a result, the amount of welding wire 16 used during arc welding can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced.

A comparative example shown in FIG. 6 shows a case where a metal material 46 having a low thermal conductivity is welded only by arc welding. In this comparative example, the heat of arc welding is less likely to be transmitted to the surroundings, so the molten pool 46d formed in the metal material 46 is less likely to widen in the width direction. Therefore, after arc welding is finished, the width W2 of the bead 49 formed is narrower than the width W1 (see FIG. 5), and the penetration depth D2 of the bead 49 is deeper than the penetration depth D1 (see FIG. 5). The protrusion height P2 of the metal material 46 from the surface 46b is higher than the protrusion height P1 (see FIG. 5). As a result, the amount of welding wire 16 used during arc welding increases, leading to an increase in cost.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, even if the metal material 46 has a low thermal conductivity, preheating both ends of the width of the molten pools 46a and 46d facilitates the melting of the metal material 46 in those portions. Therefore, the width of the molten pools 46a and 46d can be widened.
Moreover, if the width of the molten pools 46a and 46d is widened, the penetration depths D1 and D2 of the beads 48 and 49 can be reduced, and the projection heights P1 and P2 from the surface 46b can also be reduced. Such preheating by laser irradiation is a suitable method for welding thin metal plates or thin metal plate structures.

As shown in FIG. 7, irradiation positions 41a and 42a (indicated by black circles) of the laser beams 41 and 42 on the metal members 11 and 12 are located on the end face 12a of the metal member 12 located substantially in the center of the welded portion. are offset on both sides in the width direction. The laser beams are arranged at symmetrical or substantially symmetrical positions with respect to the end surface 12a depending on the irradiation timing. In addition, the irradiation position shown in FIG. 7 is the state when the laser beam irradiates the edge of the molten pool.
In addition, the arc cathode point (central portion in the width direction) 51 (the portion indicated by the circle) of arc welding moves along the end face 12a so as to match or substantially match the end face 12a of the metal member 12. do.
The irradiation positions 41a and 42a move ahead of the arc cathode spot 51 of the arc welding in the welding advancing direction.

At the time when the molten pool 46a is formed by arc welding, the irradiation positions 41a and 42a cover both ends 46a2 and 46a3 of the molten pool 46a1 formed thereafter in the width direction orthogonal to the welding progress direction, as indicated by the two-dot chain line. irradiate each. In this manner, the irradiation positions 41a and 42a of the laser beams 41 and 42 preheat the metal members 11 and 12 so as to pass along the trajectory of both widthwise end portions 46a2 and 46a3 of the molten pool 46a. The end portion 46a2 corresponds to an example of the end portion on one side in the width direction of the molten pool 46a1. The end portion 46a3 corresponds to an example of the end portion on the other side in the width direction of the molten pool 46a1.

The portions preheated by the laser beams 41 and 42, that is, the preheating portions 41b and 42b are portions preheated to a predetermined temperature (for example, the melting point of the base material or higher) by laser irradiation. , 42b are not spaced apart from each other at the weld.
In this manner, preheating by laser irradiation is performed so as to input heat to the entire welded portion of arc welding.

Next, scanning of the laser beam 42 (laser scanning) for forming the preheating portions 41b and 42b will be described. This laser scanning is performed by making the laser irradiation direction variable by the galvanometer mirrors 27 and 32 described above.
As shown in FIG. 8A, in the welded portion where the metal member 12 is superimposed on the metal member 11, the laser irradiation is performed from one end 46a2 in the width direction perpendicular to the welding progress direction of the molten pool 46a (or near the end 46a2). ), pass through the end surface 12a that is the central portion in the width direction, and reach an end portion 46a3 on the other side in the width direction of the molten pool 46a (or to the vicinity of the end portion 46a3). The scanning path of this laser beam 42 is defined as a first path 57 . The first path 57 in the drawing is denoted by reference numerals 57a, 57b, . For example, when the welding width is 5 mm, the "near the end portion 46a2" is a range including a width of about 0.5 mm on both sides in the welding width direction from the end portion 46a2. In addition, when the welding width is wide, the width in the vicinity of the end portion 46a2 widens, but it does not widen at the same rate. For example, when the welding width is 5 mm, the "near the edge 46a3" is a range including a width of about 0.5 mm on both sides in the welding width direction from the edge 46a3. In addition, when the welding width is wide, the width in the vicinity of the end portion 46a3 widens, but it does not widen at the same rate.

The first path 57 is designed to be perpendicular to the welding direction, from the end 46a2 on one side in the width direction to the end 46a3 on the other side in the width direction, so that the other side in the width direction is located downstream in the direction of welding progress. The trajectory is inclined with respect to the width direction (see FIG. 8A). Since the laser irradiation unit 6 performs laser irradiation while moving downstream in the welding direction together with the arc welding unit 7, the actual first path 57 seen from the laser irradiation unit 6 extends in the width direction orthogonal to the welding direction. A trajectory follows (see FIG. 8B).

When the laser beam 42 reaches the end portion 46a3 on the other side in the width direction, the laser irradiation is temporarily stopped, and the irradiation position is returned to the end portion 46a2 on the one side in the width direction. After that, the laser beam 41 is scanned on a straight line extending downstream in the welding advancing direction at or near the edge 46a2 on one side in the width direction of the molten pool 46a. The scanning path of this laser beam 41 is referred to as a second path 58 . The second path 58 in the figure is denoted by reference numerals 58a, 58b, . The “near the end portion 46a2” in the second route 58 is also in the same range as the “near the end portion 46a2” described in the first route 57. FIG. When the laser beam 42 reaches the downstream end of the second path 58 in the welding direction, the laser irradiation is temporarily stopped, and the irradiation position is returned to the end portion 46a2 on one side in the width direction.

While alternately repeating the laser scanning of the first path 57 and the laser scanning of the second path 58, arc welding is advanced while preheating portions 41b and 42b are formed at both ends in the width direction of the molten pool 46a. In the figure, arc welding proceeds in the order of a first path 57a, a second path 58a, a first path 57b, a second path 58b, .
The first path 57 has a longer laser irradiation distance than the second path 58, and appropriate heat input to the periphery of the welded portion is possible by long-distance laser irradiation. Due to the laser irradiation of the first path 57 that is long in the width direction, the preheating portion 42b on the other side in the width direction has a shape that is long in the width direction (for example, an elliptical shape). The preheating portions 41b and 42b are in contact with each other without a space therebetween at positions offset from the center of the welded portion to one side in the width direction.

As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the object to be welded is, for example, a fuel tank 65 for a motorcycle, more specifically, when welding a fuel filler port 67 on the top of a tank body 66 using both laser irradiation and arc welding. , a gas supply tool 71 is used to supply a shielding gas to the weld.
9 and 10, in order to facilitate understanding of the internal shape of the gas supply tool 71, a part of the gas supply tool 71 is shown cut away.

When the fuel filler port 67 is welded to the top of the tank body 66 , the fuel filler port 67 is temporarily fixed to the tank body 66 , and the upper opening of the fuel filler port 67 is closed with the lid member 68 . The gas supply tool 71 is fixed to the lid member 68, for example.
The gas supply tool 71 includes a doughnut-shaped top plate 71a, a plurality of cylindrical portions 71c, 71d, 71e, and 71f concentrically formed on a lower surface 71b of the top plate 71a, and two cylindrical portions 71d and 71f. A tapered wall portion 71g connecting the lower ends is integrally provided.

The top plate 71a has a plurality of through holes 71h extending vertically through the periphery. The plurality of cylindrical portions 71c, 71d, 71e, and 71f are arranged in this order so as to separate from the filler port 67 toward the outer peripheral side. The cylindrical portion 71 c closest to the fuel filler port 67 is fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the lid member 68 .
The cylindrical portions 71d, 71e, and 71f protrude downward from the top plate 71a in this order. The cylindrical portions 71c and 71d have substantially the same amount of downward protrusion from the top plate 71a.

The cylindrical portion 71e is arranged such that the lower edge 71j is separated from the tapered wall portion 71g. The tapered wall portion 71g is formed so as to be positioned gradually upward as the distance from the filler port 67 increases. By forming the tapered wall portion 71g in this manner, a working space into which the welding torch 15 can be easily inserted can be formed between the tapered wall portion 71g and the tank body 66. FIG.

Referring to FIG. 10, a plurality of through holes (gas supply ports) 71h of the top plate 71a communicate with a cylindrical space 73 between the cylindrical portions 71e and 71f. It communicates with a cylindrical space 76 between the cylindrical portions 71d and 71e via a gap 74 with the cylindrical portions 71g.
The space 76 communicates with the cylindrical space 77 between the cylindrical portions 71c and 71d through a plurality of through holes 71k formed in the base of the cylindrical portion 71d on the side of the top plate 71a. The space 77 has a lower opening (gas discharge port) 78 that opens downward, and the lower opening 78 is formed to face a portion of the fuel filler port 67 to be welded to the tank body 66 .

The spaces 73, 76, 77 described above form a gas passage 81 through which a shielding gas flows during arc welding. A plurality of through holes 71h that are inlets of the gas passages 81, the gas passages 81, and lower openings 78 that are outlets of the gas passages 81 form a gas supply passage 82 having a labyrinth structure.
A shielding gas supply source (not shown) is connected to at least one of the plurality of through holes 71h, and the shielding gas is supplied to the portion to be welded from the lower opening 78 by flowing the shielding gas through the gas supply path 82. .

By providing such a gas supply path 82, the shielding gas can be prevented from being mixed with the atmosphere by the labyrinth structure, and good-quality shielding gas can be provided to the welding portion. Further, even if the welded portion between the tank body 66 and the fuel filler port 67 is cylindrical, the shield gas can be more uniformly supplied to the entire welded portion.

As described above, the welding method in the above-described embodiment is a welding method in which the metal members 11 and 12 are welded together using both laser irradiation and arc welding. Preheating portions 41b and 42b that are preheated by receiving laser irradiation are generated at positions offset to both sides from the center in the width direction of the welding path where arc welding is performed.

According to this configuration, welding progresses in the weld pools 46a and 46a1 formed by arc welding at positions offset to both sides from the center in the width direction of the welding path where arc welding is performed by laser irradiation preceding the welding progress direction. Preheated portions directly irradiated with laser light are generated at both ends 46a2 and 46a3 in the width direction of the direction. As a result, the molten pools 46a and 46a1 can easily spread in the width direction even when welding a metal material having a low thermal conductivity, and a stable weld bead can be formed.

Further, in the welding method described above, since the laser irradiation is performed on both width direction end portions 46a2 and 46a3 of the molten pools 46a and 46a1 formed by arc welding, both width direction end portions 46a2 and 46a3 of the molten pools 46a and 46a1 A more stable weld bead 43 can be formed.

In addition, in the above welding method, laser irradiation is performed so as to input heat to the entire welded portion of arc welding, so that the width of the weld bead can be widened, and it is difficult to form a convex bead, which reduces the amount of welding wire used. can be reduced.

In the welding method described above, the direction of laser irradiation can be changed by the galvanomirrors 27 and 32, and the laser irradiation is performed on one side in the width direction of the molten pools 46a and 46a1 formed by the arc welding. A first path 57 along which the laser beam is scanned from the end portion 46a2 to the end portion 46a3 on the other widthwise side of the molten pools 46a and 46a1, passing through the central portion (arc cathode point 51) in the width direction; A second path 58 along which the laser light is scanned along one widthwise end 46a2 of 46a and 46a1 is set, and the scanning of the first path 57 and the scanning of the second path 58 are alternately performed. Since the arc welding progresses while repeating the above, the setting of the galvano mirrors 27 and 32 allows the laser irradiation (second path 58) that is not scanned in the width direction central portion, which is the arc cathode spot 51, among the plurality of laser irradiations. Since it is possible, the amount of heat input to the arc cathode spot 51 does not become too large, and strike-through can be suppressed.

In the welding method described above, the first path 57 scans the laser beam in the width direction so as to be orthogonal to the direction of arc welding, and the second path 58 scans the laser beam along the direction of arc welding. Since the first path 57 is longer than the second path 58, when the laser beam is scanned in the width direction, the width direction one end of the molten pools 46a and 46a1 is scanned. Since a long distance such as between the portion 46a2 and the end portion 46a3 on the other side in the width direction of the molten pools 46a and 46a1 is irradiated, heat can be appropriately input by lengthening the irradiation distance of the laser beam.

In addition, in the above welding method, since the welding method is applied to butt welding, lap fillet welding, or butt welding of thin metal plates or thin metal plate structures, it is possible to weld thin plate materials with a high possibility of strike-through. However, welding can be performed with high accuracy.

In the above welding method, since the material of the metal members 11 and 12 is titanium, the width of the weld bead is widened by preheating the titanium, which has a low thermal conductivity and consumes a large amount of welding wire, by preceding laser irradiation. At the same time, the required bead width can be obtained with a small amount of wire used.

The welding device in the above embodiment is a welding device 1 that welds and joins metal members 11 and 12 using both laser irradiation and arc welding. A welding part 7 is provided, and the laser irradiation part 6 is at a position preceding the arc welding by the arc welding part 7 in the welding progress direction, and offset to both sides from the center in the width direction of the welding path where arc welding is performed. A preheated portion preheated by laser irradiation is generated at the position.

According to this configuration, in the same manner as described above, the laser irradiation leading in the direction of welding advances the preheating portion directly irradiated with the laser beam at positions offset to both sides from the center in the width direction of the welding path where the arc welding is performed. Therefore, even when welding a metal material having a low thermal conductivity, the molten pools 46a and 46a1 can easily spread in the width direction, and a stable weld bead can be formed.

In the welding apparatus, the laser irradiation unit 6 includes the galvanometer mirrors 27 and 32 that change the irradiation position of the laser beam in the direction of the laser beam irradiation surface. The direction can be changed easily.

Further, in the welding apparatus, the laser irradiation passes from the end 46a2 on one side in the width direction of the molten pools 46a and 46a1 formed by the arc welding to the central portion (arc cathode point 51) in the width direction, and melts. A first path 57 along which the laser beam is scanned up to the edge 46a3 on the other side in the width direction of the pools 46a and 46a1, and a second path 57 in which the laser beam is scanned along the edge 46a2 on the one side in the width direction of the molten pools 46a and 46a1. Two paths 58 are set, and the laser irradiation unit 6 uses the galvanometer mirrors 27 and 32 to irradiate the laser light in the direction when the laser light scans the first path 57 and when the second path 58 is scanned. Therefore, by setting the galvanometer mirrors 27 and 32, it is possible to perform laser irradiation that is not scanned in the width direction central portion, which is the arc cathode point 51, among a plurality of laser irradiations, and the amount of heat input to the welded portion becomes too large. can be suppressed, and strike-through can be suppressed.

In addition, in the above welding apparatus, a gas supply tool 71 is used to supply a shielding gas for arc welding, and the gas supply tool 71 supplies gas from the gas supply port (through hole 71h) to the gas discharge port (lower opening 78). Since the path 82 has a labyrinth structure, the labyrinth structure prevents the shielding gas from being mixed with the atmosphere, and can provide the welding portion with good quality shielding gas.

The configuration in the above embodiment is an example of the present invention, and various modifications such as replacing the constituent elements of the embodiment with known constituent elements are possible without departing from the gist of the present invention.

1 welding device 6 laser irradiation part 7 arc welding part 11, 12 metal member 27, 32 galvanomirror 41b, 42b preheating part 46a, 46a1 molten pool 46a2 end (end on one side in width direction)
46a3 end (end on the other side in the width direction)
51 arc cathode spot (central part in the width direction)
57 first path 58 second path 71 gas supply tool 71h through hole (gas supply port)
78 lower opening (gas outlet)
82 gas supply path

Claims (8)

A welding method for welding and joining metal members (11, 12) using both laser irradiation and arc welding,
The laser irradiation makes the irradiation direction variable by mirrors (27, 32),
At a position preceding the arc welding in the welding progress direction,
From the end (46a2) on one side in the width direction of the molten pool (46a, 46a1) formed by the arc welding or near the end (46a2), passing through the central portion (51) in the width direction, the molten pool a first path (57) along which the laser beam scans up to the end (46a3) on the other side in the width direction of (46a, 46a1) or the vicinity of the end (46a3);
A second path (58) along which the laser beam is scanned along the edge (46a2) on one side in the width direction of the molten pool (46a, 46a1) or the vicinity of the edge (46a2) is set;
A welding method characterized in that the arc welding proceeds while the scanning of the first path (57) and the scanning of the second path (58) are alternately repeated while preheating portions (41b, 42b) are generated. . The welding method according to claim 1, wherein the laser irradiation is performed to the width direction both ends (46a2, 46a3) of the molten pools (46a, 46a1) formed by the arc welding. 3. The welding method according to claim 1, wherein the laser irradiation is performed so as to input heat to the entire welded portion of the arc welding. The first path (57) scans the laser beam in the width direction so as to be orthogonal to the direction of arc welding,
The second path (58) scans the laser light along the direction of arc welding, and the first path (57) has a longer irradiation path length than the second path (58). The welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by: 5. A welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the welding method is applied to butt welding, lap fillet welding or butt welding of sheet metal or sheet metal structures. The welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the metal members (11, 12) are made of titanium. A welding device for welding and joining metal members (11, 12) using both laser irradiation and arc welding,
A laser irradiation unit (6) that performs the laser irradiation and an arc welding unit (7) that performs the arc welding,
The laser irradiation unit (6) includes galvanomirrors (27, 32) that change the irradiation position of the laser light in the direction of the laser light irradiation surface,
The laser irradiation part (6) is at a position preceding the arc welding by the arc welding part (7) in the welding progress direction,
From the end (46a2) on one side in the width direction of the molten pool (46a, 46a1) formed by the arc welding or near the end (46a2), passing through the central portion (51) in the width direction, the molten pool a first path (57) along which the laser beam scans up to the end (46a3) on the other side in the width direction of (46a, 46a1) or the vicinity of the end (46a3);
A second path (58) along which the laser beam is scanned along the edge (46a2) on one side in the width direction of the molten pool (46a, 46a1) or the vicinity of the edge (46a2) is set;
The laser irradiating section (6) irradiates the galvanometer mirrors (27, 32) when the laser light scans the first path (57) and when the laser light scans the second path (58). A welding device characterized by controlling the irradiation direction of a laser beam by means of and generating preheated portions (41b, 42b) preheated by receiving the laser irradiation. A gas supply tool (71) is used to supply shielding gas for arc welding,
The welding device according to claim 7 , wherein the gas supply tool (71) has a labyrinth-structured gas supply path (82) from the gas supply port (71h) to the gas discharge port (78).

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