JP7295580B1 - orthodontic appliance - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides an orthodontic appliance that alleviates problems that occur in the gingiva during orthodontic treatment. An orthodontic appliance 10 that is worn to cover the lower jaw row of teeth and corrects individual teeth, and has a main body that fits into the crown portion 6 of the lower jaw row of teeth to correct the individual teeth. It comprises a portion 10a and an extension portion 11 formed so as to extend from the body portion 10a toward the tooth root portion 7, and is constructed so that a gap 14 is formed between the extension portion 11 and the gum portion 8 in the worn state. bottom. [Selection drawing] Fig. 3

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an orthodontic appliance for moving individual teeth of a dentition in a direction to be aligned, or for preventing teeth from returning after being moved.

Conventionally, there is an aligner for orthodontic treatment described in Patent Document 1 as an apparatus for correcting the dentition. This orthodontic aligner is shaped based on the actual shape of the patient's teeth and gums.

Japanese Patent No. 4184427

By the way, the aligner for orthodontic treatment described in Patent Document 1 comes into direct contact with the gingiva of the patient. Therefore, there is a problem that the patient feels uncomfortable with the gingiva. Moreover, when this aligner for orthodontic treatment is worn for a long period of time, there is a possibility that the gingiva that is in contact with the aligner may undergo gingival recession.

The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an orthodontic appliance that alleviates problems that occur in the gingiva during orthodontic treatment.

In order to achieve such a task, the invention according to claim 1 is an orthodontic appliance that is worn so as to cover the dentition and corrects individual teeth, wherein the crown portion of the dentition is and an extension extending from the main body toward the root of the tooth, and a gap is formed between the extension and the gingiva when worn. and configured such that the body portion does not come into contact with the gingiva and palate .

In addition to the configuration of claim 1, the invention according to claim 2 has a shape in which the cut line of the end edge of the extension connects the boundary line between the neck and the gingiva of each tooth. It is characterized by being formed more gently than

Moreover, the invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration according to claim 1 or 2, a step is formed at a boundary portion between the main body and the extension.

Moreover, the invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the gap is 0.05 mm or more.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there are provided a main body portion for fitting to the crown portion of the tooth row to correct individual teeth, and an extension portion formed so as to extend from the main body portion toward the tooth root side. In addition, when the orthodontic appliance is worn, a gap is formed between the extension portion and the gingival portion , and the body portion is configured so as not to contact the gingival portion and the palate. It is possible to prevent gingival recession while maintaining high strength and high orthodontic power. In addition, discomfort to the gingiva can be reduced, and problems occurring in the gingiva during orthodontic treatment can be alleviated.

Further, according to the second aspect of the invention, the cut line of the end edge of the extension is formed more gently than the shape connecting the boundary line between the tooth neck and the gingiva of each tooth. , the cut line can increase the strength and improve the orthodontic power more than the one in which the boundary line between the cervical portion and the gingival portion is connected.

Further, according to the third aspect of the present invention, since a step is formed at the boundary between the main body and the extension, it is possible to reliably maintain the strength as a whole and further increase the correction force. becomes.

Further, according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the gap is 0.05 mm or more, it is possible to further reduce the sense of incongruity with the gums and enhance the feeling of wearing.

1 is a perspective view showing a state in which an orthodontic appliance according to an embodiment of the present invention is attached to a mandibular dentition. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a state in which an orthodontic appliance according to an embodiment of the present invention is attached to a mandibular dentition. FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1; FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a C portion in FIG. 3; 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 1; FIG. FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of part D in FIG. 5 ;

An embodiment of the orthodontic appliance according to the present invention will be described below.
[One embodiment of orthodontic appliance]
1 to 6 show an embodiment of an orthodontic appliance according to the invention.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a state in which an orthodontic appliance according to an embodiment of the present invention is attached to a mandibular dentition. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a state in which an orthodontic appliance according to an embodiment of the present invention is attached to the mandibular dentition. FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of part C in FIG. FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of part D in FIG. Here, FIGS. 3 and 4 show cross sections of lateral incisors with orthodontic appliances attached, and FIGS. 5 and 6 show cross sections of first molars with orthodontic appliances attached. there is

In the following embodiments, the orthodontic appliance is inserted into the oral cavity and attached to the mandibular dentition. described as. Here, the mandibular dentition has anterior teeth, canine teeth, and posterior teeth. The anterior teeth are incisors and include left and right central incisors and left and right lateral incisors. The back teeth are molars, and include left and right first and second premolars, and left and right first to second molars.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the orthodontic appliance 10 is a mouthpiece type that is inserted into the oral cavity 1 and attached to the mandibular dentition 2, for example. The orthodontic appliance 10 of the present embodiment is a molding (aligner) that moves individual teeth of the mandibular dentition 2 in a direction to be aligned, or is molded so that the moved teeth do not return to their original positions.

For the orthodontic appliance 10, for example, a plurality of orthodontic appliances with different sizes or different hardnesses are prepared in stages, and orthodontic treatment is progressed by periodically exchanging them. For example, the first orthodontic appliance 10 is prepared after moving each tooth by about 0.2 to 0.5 mm from the position of each tooth in the original mandibular dentition 2 of the patient. It is made to correspond to the column shape. When the orthodontic appliance 10 is worn for about 1 to 3 weeks, the individual teeth of the mandibular dentition 2 gradually move. After that, the orthodontic appliance 10 corresponding to the shape of the moved individual teeth is sequentially prepared, and the individual teeth are gradually moved to carry out the orthodontic treatment of the patient.

Correction in this embodiment includes not only correcting by moving individual teeth in the direction in which they should be aligned, but also retention to prevent the teeth that have been moved by correcting from returning to their original positions. . In the following embodiments, correction is performed by moving individual teeth in the direction in which they should be aligned.

The orthodontic appliance 10 of this embodiment includes a body portion 10a having an inner surface having the same shape as the crown portions 6 of the front teeth 3, the canine teeth 4 and the back teeth 5 of the patient's mandibular dentition 2, and the body portion 10a. and an extension portion 11 extending further from the tooth root portion 7 toward the tooth root portion 7 . The body portion 10a is fitted to each tooth in the oral cavity 1 of the patient, and the correction proceeds. Here, the body portion 10a is fitted to the tooth crown portion 6 of the mandibular dentition portion 2 to move the individual teeth in the direction in which they should be aligned for correction.

The orthodontic appliance 10 of this embodiment is entirely made of an elastic resin material, and is integrally formed with a thickness of, for example, 0.40 to 0.50 mm. Specifically, the resin material is selected from, for example, urethane resin such as polyurethane, silicon resin, polyolefin resin, styrene resin, and acrylic resin. The orthodontic appliance 10 is molded in a shape corresponding to the patient's dentition after correction, unlike the shape corresponding to the patient's dentition before wearing. That is, when the patient first wears the orthodontic appliance 10, the orthodontic appliance 10 is fitted while being slightly elastically deformed by applying a load. Due to the elasticity of the orthodontic appliance 10 thus deformed, a force is generated to restore the initially integrally molded shape, and the dentition is gradually aligned in the correcting direction. The resin material is desirably colorless and transparent or milky white, so that when it is inserted into the oral cavity 1, it is inconspicuous when attached to the mandibular dentition 2, resulting in excellent aesthetics.

The body portion 10a has hardness enough to cover all the teeth of the mandibular dentition portion 2 in the oral cavity 1, that is, the anterior teeth 3, the canine teeth 4, and the posterior teeth 5 of the mandibular dentition portion 2 and retain a predetermined shape. The body portion 10a is formed in a shape along the dental arch of the mandibular dentition portion 2, and is formed so as to fit and cover the crown portions 6 of the front teeth 3, the canine teeth 4, and the back teeth 5. . The body portion 10a is integrally provided with an extension portion 11 formed so as to extend to the gum portion 8 located on the tooth root portion 7 side and made of the same resin material as the body portion 10a.

As shown in FIG. 1, the extension 11 is formed so that the cut line 11a at the edge is smoother than the shape connecting the boundary line (cervical line) between the cervical portion and the gingival portion 8 of each tooth. . In other words, the cut line 11a at the end edge of the extension 11 is a line (to match the shape of the gingiva) connecting the positions 0.5 to 2.0 mm deeper than the deepest part of the neck of each tooth. , continuous lines with few sharp bends in three dimensions, and lines that are nearly straight when viewed from the front). In addition, the extension part 11 is attached to the gum part 8 located on the tooth root part 7 side at a distance such that the extension part 11 does not come into contact with the gum part 8 when the orthodontic appliance 10 is attached. It is formed in a shape that is substantially the same as the surface shape of the

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the extension portion 11 is formed continuously through a stepped portion 12 at the boundary with the main body portion 10a. That is, the stepped portion 12 is formed along the cervical line at a position between the crown portions 6 of the front teeth 3, the canine teeth 4 and the back teeth 5 and the gingival portions 8 thereof.

The stepped portion 12 includes a tooth-row-side bent portion 12a that bends from the upper edge of the main body portion 10a to the lingual side and the buccal side, respectively, and continues from the tooth-row-side bent portion 12a to the tongue side and the buccal side. An inclined portion 12b inclined obliquely downward, and a gingival-side bent portion 12c bent continuously from these inclined portions 12b toward the lingual side and the buccal side are formed. The tooth-row-side bent portion 12a, the inclined portion 12b, and the gum-side bent portion 12c are formed in a shape along the gum portion 8. As shown in FIG.

The stepped portion 12 and the extension portion 11 form narrowly spaced gaps 14 between the respective lingual and buccal sides and the gingival portions 8 of the anterior teeth 3, canine teeth 4 and posterior teeth 5. . The interval distance of this gap 14 (the distance measured by the perpendicular line from the tooth surface) is set to 0.05 mm or more over the entirety of the stepped portion 12 and the extended portion 11, for example. The interval distance of this gap 14 is set to 0.05 mm or more, preferably in the range of 0.05 to 1.0 mm, more preferably in the range of 0.1 to 0.3 mm. is desirable. As a result, when the patient wears the orthodontic appliance 10, the orthodontic appliance 10 does not come into contact with the gingival part 8 because the gap 14 is formed between the stepped part 12 and the extension part 11 and the gingival part 8. . In addition, the interval distance of the gap 14 may be reduced stepwise according to the positions corresponding to the front tooth 3, the canine tooth 4, and the back tooth 5. In orthodontic treatment, it may be necessary to move the anterior teeth 3 largely, and it is not necessary to relatively move the posterior teeth 5 to a large extent. In this case, the portion corresponding to the front teeth 3 of the orthodontic appliance 10 moves along with the movement of the teeth as the correction progresses (as time elapses after wearing the orthodontic appliance 10). Therefore, by making the gap 14 between the front teeth 3 larger than that between the back teeth 5, it is possible to avoid contact between the gingiva part 8 and the extension part 11 even if the correction progresses. In addition, by making the gap 14 as small as possible in the portion corresponding to the back tooth 5 of the orthodontic appliance 10 so that the extension part 11 does not come into direct contact with the cheek or the like, discomfort during wearing can be alleviated.

In this embodiment, an example in which the gaps 14 are formed at the locations corresponding to the gingival portions 8 of the anterior teeth 3, the canine teeth 4, and the posterior teeth 5 of the mandibular dentition portion 2 has been described. It is desirable to form a gap 14 at a location corresponding to the central incisor and the lateral incisor. Generally, it is known that the central incisors and the lateral incisors of the mandibular dentition 2 are more prone to gingival recession than other teeth. Therefore, by forming the gap 14, it is possible to prevent gingival recession from occurring. By reducing gingival recession, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of triangular gaps (commonly referred to as black triangles) between adjacent anterior teeth 3 and gingiva 8 . Furthermore, since the cervical line is less likely to descend, the appearance of long teeth can be reduced, which is aesthetically advantageous. Since the gingival portion 8 remains firmly, it is possible to prevent discomfort caused by the exposure of the root portion 7 and to prevent the teeth from becoming loose.

Next, the operation of the orthodontic appliance 10 of this embodiment will be described.

When the orthodontic appliance 10 of this embodiment is used as an aligner, when it is inserted into the oral cavity 1 and attached to the front teeth 3, the canine teeth 4, and the crowns 6 of the back teeth 5 of the mandibular dentition 2, the front teeth 3, It is fitted to the crown portion 6 of the canine tooth 4 and the molar tooth 5 to gradually move the individual teeth in the direction in which they should be aligned. When the orthodontic appliance 10 is worn, the extension portion 11 and the stepped portion 12 are connected to the lingual and buccal sides and the gingival portions 8 of the anterior teeth 3, the canine teeth 4 and the molar teeth 5, respectively, as shown in FIGS. A narrow gap 14 is formed between.

Therefore, in this embodiment, when the orthodontic appliance 10 is worn, the front teeth 3, canine teeth 4, and molar teeth 5 of the mandibular dentition portion 2 extend from the bent portion 12a on the tooth row side of the stepped portion 12 to the edge portion of the extension portion 11. contact with the gingival portion 8 of the

In addition, in some conventional orthodontic appliances different from the present embodiment, the cervical portion and the cut line are aligned without forming the extension portion 11 (corresponding to the shape formed only by the main body portion 10a). ). With such an orthodontic appliance, since there is no resin material in the part corresponding to the gingival part 8, it seems that gingival recession can be prevented. Correction may not progress.

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the resin material is used up to the portion corresponding to the gingiva portion 8, and the extension portion 11 extending toward the root portion 7 is formed so that the resin material does not come into contact with the gingiva portion 8. As a result, it is possible to prevent gingival recession while maintaining high strength.

The orthodontic appliance 10 of this embodiment can also be used as a retainer so that the moved teeth do not return to their original positions after being moved in the direction to be aligned.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the main body portion 10a is fitted to the crown portion 6 of the mandibular dentition portion 2 to correct individual teeth, and the main body portion 10a is formed so as to extend toward the tooth root portion 7 side. and a gap 14 is formed between the extension 11 and the gingiva 8 in the worn state, thereby preventing gingival recession while maintaining high strength. (It is possible to increase the corrective power of the corrective tool without lowering it, reduce the sense of incongruity with the gingiva 8, and improve the wearing feeling).

In addition, according to this embodiment, since the gap 14 is formed between the extension portion 11 and the gum portion 8, when the orthodontic appliance 10 is removed from the state of being attached to the mandibular dentition portion 2, Since it can be removed by hooking on the gap 14, the orthodontic appliance 10 can be easily removed.

In addition, according to the present embodiment, the extension 11 has a cut line 11a at the edge of the extension 11 which is formed more gently than the shape in which the boundary line between the neck portion and the gingival portion 8 of each tooth is connected linearly in a front view. As a result, the strength of the cut line 11a can be increased (the orthodontic power can be further increased and the aesthetic feeling can be prevented from being impaired) compared to a shape in which the cut line 11a connects the boundary points of the tooth neck and the gingiva 8. .

Further, according to the present embodiment, the body portion 10a and the extension portion 11 are integrally formed of the same resin material and have substantially the same thickness, and the step portion 12 is formed at the boundary portion between the body portion 10a and the extension portion 11. As a result, it is possible to reliably maintain the strength as a whole and further increase the correction force.

In addition, according to the present embodiment, since the gap 14 is 0.05 mm or more, it is possible to further reduce the sense of discomfort with the gingiva 8 and enhance the feeling of wearing.
[Other embodiments of the invention]
While embodiments of the invention have been described, these embodiments are provided by way of example and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, changes, and combinations can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments are included in the scope and gist of the invention, as well as the scope of the invention described in the claims and equivalents thereof.

In each of the above-described embodiments, an example in which the orthodontic appliance 10 is attached to the mandibular dentition 2 has been described, but the same effect can be obtained by attaching the orthodontic appliance 10 to the maxillary dentition. In addition, the orthodontic appliance 10 may be attached to the maxillary dentition portion and the mandibular dentition portion 2 .

In each of the above-described embodiments, the material and shape of the orthodontic appliance 10 may be made of any suitable material as long as it can be inserted into the oral cavity and has the same function.

1 oral cavity 2 mandibular dentition 3 anterior teeth 4 canines 5 posterior teeth 6 crowns 7 roots 8 gums 10 orthodontic appliance 10a main body 11 extensions 11a cut lines 12 stepped portions 12a dentition-side bent portions 12b inclined portions 12c Gingival side bent portion 14 Gap

Claims (4)

An orthodontic appliance that is worn to cover the dentition and corrects individual teeth,
a main body for fitting to the crown of the dentition to correct individual teeth; and an extension extending from the main body toward the tooth root,
An orthodontic treatment characterized in that, in a worn state, a gap is formed between the extension portion and the gingival portion , and the body portion is configured so as not to come into contact with the gingival portion and the palate. equipment. 2. The orthodontic treatment according to claim 1, wherein the extension has a cut line on the end edge that is gentler than a shape connecting the boundary line between the cervical portion and the gingival portion of each tooth. equipment. 3. The orthodontic appliance according to claim 1, wherein a step is formed at a boundary portion between said body portion and said extension portion. The orthodontic appliance according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the gap is 0.05 mm or more.

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