JP7294995B2 - Concrete pouring height indicator for tunnel lining - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a concrete placement height indicating device for tunnel lining, and more particularly, a device for indicating the placement height reference for each layer of concrete to be placed when constructing a tunnel lining. It is related to the device.

As a general standard for construction of tunnel lining, concrete is to be poured so that the thickness of one layer is 50 cm. Therefore, when constructing the tunnel lining, marking is sometimes applied to the side wall portion every 50 cm in the height direction (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

The technology described in Patent Document 1 is a waterproof sheet for tunnels disposed between a primary lining and a secondary lining of a tunnel, and is used to manage the concrete placing height in the lining space. It is. The waterproof sheet for tunnels has markings printed on it to indicate the concrete placement height of the secondary lining. In addition, markings of the same pattern or color are arranged at predetermined concrete placement heights, different patterns or colors are arranged at arbitrary intervals, and the waterproof sheet is cut and used for each different pattern or color. It is possible to do so.

However, in order to use a special waterproof sheet with markings, it is necessary to prepare a new waterproof sheet for each site, which raises the problem of increased costs. Furthermore, if the waterproof sheet is warped, there is a possibility that the concrete placement height cannot be specified accurately.

Also, when marking an existing waterproof sheet, the marking cannot be done near the top of the tunnel (near the top). For this reason, at present, concrete is placed between the inspection windows in 3 to 4 times. When it was confirmed at the actual construction site, for example, when the total height was divided into 14 times and poured, it was 48.5 cm when converted to one layer, and it was confirmed that the procedure was strictly observed.

However, since quantitative control is not possible with such a method, it is difficult to standardize in sites with different conditions. Although we were able to prove that one layer of 50cm thickness can be cast up to the top if we follow the work procedure, we cannot prove that one layer of 50cm thickness is applied at all sites. .

There is also a technique in which a sensor is installed in a tunnel lining formwork device to detect the placement height of concrete (see, for example, Patent Document 2). The technique described in Patent Literature 2 relates to a central tunnel lining formwork device for tunnel lining that determines the placement height of concrete. This tunnel lining center tunnel lining formwork device is installed at a predetermined location on the tunnel lining center formwork. and a control means for specifying the placing position of concrete placed between the center formwork for tunnel by the detection signal received by the non-contact sensor.

JP 2019-157471 A JP 2018-35632 A

By the way, at present, I think that there are few sites that indicate that the thickness of one layer is 50 cm on the waterproof sheet. The ability to mark 50 cm per layer was limited to the side wall due to the scaffold and the cost-effectiveness. At present, from the side wall to the upper part (top), the inspection windows (at intervals of about 2 m) are placed in three to four times. This method is not only difficult to standardize because it depends on workers, but also lacks reliability in construction quality control.

In addition, in the device and system that detects the placement height of concrete with a sensor, when concrete with a standard mix (slump 15 cm) is used, compaction by a bar-shaped vibrator is standard, so the flow gradient is 10 ° with the standard mix. As described above, when the vibrator is in operation, there is a risk that the height will rise and fall, causing an error in concrete detection by the sensor. In addition, since an error occurs depending on the installation interval of the sensors, there is a possibility that the placement height of one layer cannot be indicated accurately.

Furthermore, this device and system for detecting the placement height of concrete is not intended to display the launch height of 50 cm per layer, but to "visualize" the launch situation on a monitor such as a display device. It is a technology for Therefore, even if concrete is placed in one layer of 1 m, the purpose of the apparatus and system for detecting the placement height of the concrete can be achieved.

The reason why 50 cm per layer is standard is that concrete should not be poured over a long distance with a vibrator as a basis of pouring. For example, when concrete is placed by pouring 10.5 m from one place, various problems arise. This type of cross-flowing of concrete by a vibrator also results in excessive compaction, which causes crushed stones in the placed concrete to settle and bleeding (water in the concrete to rise and accumulate on the surface). As a result, construction quality may deteriorate.

In a narrow space with a thickness of about 35 cm and a length of 10.5 m, if concrete is placed from one of the two placement holes on one side with a layer of 1 m instead of a 50 cm layer, the amount of placement will be Although it is about 3.7m ³ , the concrete will flow 10.5m to the gable side of the formwork edge. Workers compact firmly against the concrete, resulting in over-compaction. This is "cross-flowing of concrete by a vibrator". If one layer is set to 50 cm, the amount of concrete placed from one place will be about 1.5 m ³ to 2 m ³ .

The present invention has been proposed in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and when constructing a tunnel lining, it is possible to facilitate construction by accurately indicating the placement height reference for each layer of concrete to be placed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a concrete placing height indicating device for tunnel lining, which is capable of increasing the reliability of construction quality control.

In order to achieve the above-described object, the concrete placement height indicating device for tunnel lining according to the present invention has the following features. That is, the concrete placement height indicating device for tunnel lining according to the present invention indicates the placement height of one layer of concrete in the transverse direction of the tunnel from the side wall to the top of the tunnel lining formwork device (centre). A plurality of windows corresponding to each other and a blocking member having translucency for closing the windows are provided. Further, a light emitting device is arranged on the tunnel inner sky side of the tunnel lining formwork device, and is arranged close to the blocking member and emits illumination light toward the natural ground side through the window. It is something to do.

In addition to the configuration described above, it is preferable that a plurality of groups of windows provided in the tunnel transverse direction are provided at a plurality of locations along the tunnel extension direction.

In addition to the above-described configuration, the illumination light emitted from the windows can be illumination light of different colors in the group of windows provided in the tunnel crossing direction, and the vertically adjacent windows can be illuminated with different colors. be. In addition, in the plurality of groups of window portions, the window portions arranged at the same height are irradiated with illumination light of the same color.

In addition to the configuration described above, the light emitting device may be installed for each window, or may be capable of irradiating illumination light to a plurality of windows.

In the concrete placing height indicating device for tunnel lining according to the present invention, concrete 1 to be placed is irradiated by illuminating light toward the natural ground through the windows provided in the tunnel lining formwork device. It indicates the standard of placement height for each layer. Therefore, even if it is difficult to mark the waterproof sheet because scaffolding cannot be installed, it is possible to specify the placement height reference for each concrete layer. In addition, even if the waterproof sheet is bent, it is possible to accurately indicate the placement height reference for each layer of concrete.

As described above, according to the concrete placement height indicating device for tunnel lining according to the present invention, when constructing the tunnel lining, it is possible to accurately indicate the placement height reference for each layer of concrete to be placed. By doing so, construction can be easily performed, and the reliability of construction quality control can be enhanced.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the overall configuration of a concrete placement height indicating device for tunnel lining according to an embodiment of the present invention; Explanatory drawing which shows the other example of a light-emitting device. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a support member to which a closing member is attached and a housing for illumination that houses a light emitting device;

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A concrete placing height indicating device for tunnel lining according to an embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as a concrete placing height indicating device) will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 illustrate a concrete placement height indicating device for tunnel lining according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing the overall configuration, and FIG. 2 shows another example of a light emitting device. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a support member for attaching a closing member and a housing for illumination that accommodates a light emitting device.

<Overview of Concrete Placement Height Indicator>
An outline of a concrete placement height indicating device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. In addition, the numerical values shown below are examples, and the present invention is not limited to these numerical values. As shown in FIG. 1, the concrete placing height indication device has a light emitting device 10 (for example, an LED lamp) from the side wall to the top of the tunnel lining form device (Centre) 100 at intervals of 50 cm per layer. to the position indicated. In addition, the light emitting device (LED lamp) 10 has a replaceable structure (removable structure) so as to facilitate maintenance.

In this embodiment, the light-emitting device (LED lamp) 10 is attached from the side wall portion to the top portion of the tunnel lining form device (centre) 100 . This is because the marking 120 is applied to the waterproof sheet 110 below the side wall so that the concrete placement height can be indicated. If the marking 120 cannot be applied to the waterproof sheet 110, the light emitting device (LED lamp) 10 may be attached below the side wall.

A window (opening) 20 with a diameter of 50 mm is opened in the tunnel lining formwork device 100, and a transparent acrylic plate (blocking member 30 having translucency) with a thickness of 30 mm is attached. The blocking members 30 are installed at two locations within the 10.5 m extension of the tunnel lining form device 100 (positions approximately 2.5 m apart from both ends of the tunnel lining form device 100).

It is preferable that the brightness of the light-emitting device (LED lamp) 10 is confirmed by a demonstration experiment, and that it can also be used as lighting for construction work. In addition to the LED lamp, the light emitting device 10 has a long fluorescent LED lamp 11 (L=1.4 m) installed in close proximity to the closing member 30 (transparent acrylic plate) as shown in FIG. If the object of the present invention (that the worker can confirm the height of 50 cm) can be achieved, the number of light-emitting devices 10 can be reduced, resulting in cost reduction.

<Device Configuration of Concrete Placement Height Indicator>
Next, each member (device) constituting the concrete placing height indicating device will be described in detail. The concrete placement height indicating device according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a window 20 opened in a tunnel lining formwork device 100, a blocking member 30 attached to the window 20, and a window 20 on the ground side. and a light-emitting device 10 that irradiates illumination light to the installed waterproof sheet 110 .

<Formwork device for tunnel lining>
Although not shown, the tunnel lining formwork device 100 has an arch shape corresponding to the inner wall surface of the tunnel and is movable in the extension direction of the tunnel. This tunnel lining formwork device 100 includes a carriage (gantry) placed on a pair of rails, a formwork part corresponding to the inner hollow cross-sectional shape of the tunnel, and a lining material filling device (for example, a pumping pump). ), etc. In addition, the formwork is provided with a plurality of concrete pouring openings.

<Window>
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the windows 20 are provided in a plurality corresponding to the placement height of one layer of concrete in the transverse direction of the tunnel from the side wall to the top of the tunnel lining formwork device 100 . It is provided. A group of windows 20 provided in a plurality in the tunnel transverse direction are provided in a plurality of locations (for example, two locations) along the tunnel extension direction. When two groups of windows 20 are provided, two rows of window groups are provided along the tunnel extension direction. These windows 20 are shaped to match the shape of the closing member 30 . For example, if a circular closure member 30 is used, the shape of the window 20 will be circular. Although the window 20 of this embodiment has a circular shape with a diameter of about 50 mm, the shape and size of the window 20 are not particularly limited.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the position of each window 20 corresponds to the placement height of one layer of concrete. Illumination light from the light emitting device 10 is horizontally irradiated toward the waterproof sheet 110 through the window portion 20 . On the other hand, the formwork part of the tunnel lining formwork device 100 is curved according to the shape of the lining. Therefore, the windows 20 provided in the tunnel lining formwork device 100 are set according to the interval of the illumination light emitted toward the waterproof sheet 110 . In this embodiment, since the irradiation light is applied so that one layer is 50 cm long, the position of the window portion 20 is set corresponding to this.

<Closing member>
The closing member 30 is a member for closing the window portion 20 and has translucency. The closing member 30 of the present embodiment is made of a circular translucent acrylic plate having a diameter of about 50 mm and a thickness of about 30 mm to match the size of the window portion 20 . As will be described in detail later, as shown in FIG. 3, the blocking member 30 is detachable from the tunnel lining formwork device 100 (formwork member 40). That is, when the surface of the closing member 30 is damaged, when the surface is scratched, or when the color of the closing member 30 is desired to be changed, the closing member 30 can be replaced.

A group of windows 20 provided in the tunnel transverse direction are arranged at intervals of 50 cm in the vertical direction. In order to irradiate illumination light of different colors at intervals of 50 cm from each of the windows 20 arranged in the vertical direction, the blocking members 30 arranged in the vertical direction must be of different colors, or Films of different colors are attached to the blocking members 30 arranged in different directions. A colorless acrylic plate may be used as the acrylic plate, and the color of the illumination light emitted from the light emitting device 10 may be varied. In a demonstration experiment, the effect was confirmed by directly coloring the LED lamp with a red spray. As a result, in different groups adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, the position of the windows 20 at the same height can be confirmed from a distance (a position separated by about 5 m), so that the concrete can be reliably poured to the same height position. can do.

<Light emitting device>
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the light-emitting device 10 is installed on the inner hollow side of the tunnel lining form device 100 and in close proximity to the closing member 30 . Illumination light from the light-emitting device 10 is irradiated through the window 20 toward the waterproof sheet 110 installed on the natural ground side. The light-emitting device 10 of this embodiment uses an LED lamp for reasons such as excellent energy efficiency and long life, but other light-emitting devices 10 such as incandescent lamps may be used.

As described above, when different colors of illumination light are emitted from the adjacent windows 20, the colors of the illumination light emitted from the light emitting device 10 may be different. In this respect as well, the LED lamp is advantageous because the color of emitted light can be easily changed.

Further, the light emitting device 10 may be capable of irradiating the plurality of windows 20 with illumination light. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, a long fluorescent LED lamp 11 is used to irradiate a plurality of windows 20 with illumination light. In this case, in order to irradiate the adjacent windows 20 with illumination light of different colors, the colors of the blocking members 30 attached to the adjacent windows 20 should be different. Although the emission color of the illumination light is not particularly limited, it can be white, red, blue, or the like, for example.

<Support member/lighting housing>
As described above, in the concrete placing height indicating device of the present embodiment, the formwork member 40 of the tunnel lining formwork device 100 is provided with an opening. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the form member 40 is provided with a support member 50 for detachably supporting the closing member 30, and the light emitting device is provided on the back side of the support member 50 (on the inner side of the tunnel). The housing 60 for the light emitting device is attached, and the light emitting device 10 is accommodated in the housing 60 for the light emitting device.

As shown in FIG. 3, the support member 50 includes a cylindrical portion 51 provided from the periphery of the window portion 20 toward the inner space of the tunnel, a screw hole 52 formed from the outer surface to the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 51, and a screw. A fixing screw 53 screwed into the hole 52 is provided. Then, the blocking member 30 is attached so as to block the window 20, and the fixing screw 53 is screwed into the screw hole 52 so that the tip of the fixing screw 53 contacts the outer peripheral portion of the blocking member 30. The closing member 30 can be fixed to (the window portion 20). On the other hand, when the fixing screw 53 is loosened, the blocking member 30 can be removed from the support member 50 (window portion 20).

As shown in FIG. 3, the light-emitting device housing 60 includes a cylindrical main body 61 and a lid 62 that is detachably attached to the back side of the main body 61 (the inner side of the tunnel). The portion 62 is provided with a socket 63 for attaching the light emitting device 10 . A power cable 64 is connected to the socket 63 to supply power to the light emitting device 10 . Further, a drain hole 65 is provided on the rear surface of the housing 60 for the light emitting device.

The light emitting device housing 60 of this embodiment can be attached to and detached from the back side of the support member 50 . For this reason, a male screw portion is provided on the outer peripheral surface on the back side of the support member 50, and a female screw portion for screwing to the male screw portion is provided on the inner surface of the body portion 61 on the window portion 20 side (closed portion side). There is. In FIG. 3, the male threaded portion provided on the outer peripheral surface of the support member 50 on the back side and the female threaded portion provided on the inner peripheral surface of the main body portion 61 on the window portion 20 side are collectively referred to as the housing threaded portion. It is labeled as 66. Therefore, the light emitting device housing 60 can be attached to the supporting member 50 by screwing the female threaded portion of the light emitting device housing 60 onto the male threaded portion of the supporting member 50 . On the other hand, the light-emitting device housing 60 can be removed from the support member 50 by releasing the male threaded portion of the support member 50 and the female threaded portion of the main body 61 .

A male screw portion is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the main body portion 61 on the back side (inside of the tunnel), and a female screw portion is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the lid portion 62 . In FIG. 3, the male threaded portion provided on the outer peripheral surface on the back side of the main body portion 61 and the female threaded portion provided on the inner peripheral surface of the lid portion 62 are collectively designated as a lid screw portion 67. ing. Therefore, the lid portion 62 can be attached to the body portion 61 by screwing the female thread portion of the lid portion 62 onto the male thread portion of the body portion 61 . On the other hand, the cover portion 62 can be removed from the main body portion 61 by unscrewing the male screw portion of the main body portion 61 and the female screw portion of the cover portion 62 .

<Replacement of blocking member/light emitting device>
Since the blocking member 30 is detachably attached to the supporting portion, the blocking member 30 can be easily replaced when the blocking member 30 is damaged or the color of the blocking member 30 is desired to be changed. Further, since the light emitting device 10 is housed in the light emitting device housing 60 and the light emitting device housing 60 is detachably attached to the support member 50, the light emitting device 10 may be damaged or the light emitting device may be damaged. When it is desired to change the color of the illumination light emitted from 10, the light emitting device 10 can be easily replaced. Further, when replacing the light emitting device 10 , the lid portion 62 may be removed from the body portion 61 of the light emitting device housing 60 .

10 Light emitting device (LED lamp)
11 Light-emitting device (fluorescent LED lamp)
20 window portion 30 closing member 40 form member 50 support member 51 cylindrical portion 52 screw hole 53 fixing screw 60 housing for light emitting device 61 main body portion 62 lid portion 63 socket 64 power cable 65 drain hole 66 housing screw portion 67 Lid screw part 100 Tunnel lining formwork device (Centol)
110 waterproof sheet 120 marking

Claims (4)

A device for indicating the placement height reference for each layer of concrete to be placed when constructing a tunnel lining,
a plurality of windows provided corresponding to the placement height of one layer of concrete in the tunnel transverse direction from the side wall to the top of the tunnel lining formwork device;
a translucent closing member for closing the window;
a light-emitting device that is located on the tunnel inner sky side of the tunnel lining formwork device and that is positioned close to the blocking member and emits illumination light toward the natural ground side through the window;
A concrete placement height indicator for tunnel lining, characterized by comprising: A group of windows provided in a plurality in the tunnel transverse direction are provided in a plurality of locations along the tunnel extension direction,
2. The concrete placing height indicating device for tunnel lining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The illumination light emitted from the window is illumination light of a different color for each of the vertically adjacent windows in a group of windows provided in the tunnel crossing direction.
3. The concrete placement height indicating device for tunnel lining according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The light emitting device is capable of irradiating a plurality of windows with illumination light,
A concrete placing height indicating device for tunnel lining according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:

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