JP7291582B2 - Weather forecast system and weather forecast method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a weather forecasting system and a weather forecasting method, and in particular, a weather forecasting system and a weather forecasting method suitable for forecasting the safety of aviation on the flight path (route) of an aircraft such as a drone. Regarding the program.

Meteorological information along the route is essential for the safe flight of flying objects such as drones. With the current level of technology, it is difficult to fly drones safely under conditions such as strong winds and heavy rain. Therefore, it is important to obtain weather forecast along the route and to consider whether it is safe or not based on the information.

Numerical forecast data for weather forecasts are examples of data suitable for such uses. This is numerical data obtained as a result of computer simulation of meteorological phenomena. However, the file size of the simulation result is huge, and it is difficult to distribute it as it is. Therefore, in order to reduce the file size, sampling of simulation results is generally performed. For example, the meso numerical forecast model GPV (Grid point Value) (MSM) of the Japan Meteorological Agency is simulated at intervals of 5 km in the horizontal direction and 20 seconds in the time direction. is sampled and distributed at intervals of one hour.

Linear interpolation is widely used to create data at arbitrary times from sampled data. For example, the temperature value at 0:00 and the temperature value at 1:00 are averaged to generate the temperature value at 0:30.

For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for providing weather data related to flight routes of aircraft. A method for selecting meteorological data described in US Pat. and in terms of minimizing the weighted time error, create subsets of weather data suitable for each.

JP 2012-166779 A

The technique described in Patent Literature 1 selects a subset of weather data in terms of the desired flight path of the aircraft. However, the method disclosed in Patent Document 1 does not consider the movement of weather phenomena. In Patent Document 1, an aircraft that takes off and lands at an airport is assumed as the flying object. The speed of aircraft (about 800 km/h) is much higher than the travel speed of weather (0-50 km/h) and the speed of drones (0-50 km/h). In other words, it can be said that the movement of meteorological phenomena, which can be ignored with an airplane, has an impact that cannot be ignored with a drone.

In general, movement of meteorological phenomena cannot be represented by linear interpolation. On the other hand, in linear interpolation, the phenomenon does not move, and the value is represented as a time-varying value on the spot.

Problems relating to movement of the flying object and meteorological phenomena will be described below with reference to FIG.
FIG. 9 shows a wind speed distribution map 610 at time T0, a wind speed distribution map 620 at time T1, and a wind speed distribution map 630 at time T between times T0 and T1. According to a series of these wind speed distribution maps, it can be seen that a strong wind area with a wind speed of 8 m/s is moving from west to east.

Now, consider estimating the state at time T from the data at time T0 and time T1 by linear interpolation in the time direction. As shown in the wind speed distribution 640 showing the estimated time T obtained by linearly interpolating the data at time T0 and time T1, the wind speed distribution map 610 at time T0 and the wind speed distribution map 620 at time T1 along the time axis. Using linear interpolation, two strong wind regions occur. One strong wind area 641 is located at the same position as the strong wind area 611 at time T0, and the wind speed is 4 m/s. The other strong wind area 642 is located at the same position as the strong wind area 621 at time T1, and the wind speed is 4 m/s. On the other hand, there is no strong wind area at the position of the strong wind area 631 at time T.

In general, if the wind speed exceeds 5m/s, the flight of the drone will be hindered. Here, as shown in the wind speed distribution diagram 630 at time T, when the drone flies from point A 632 to point B 633 at time T, based on the estimated value of time T obtained by linear interpolation, the flight of the drone Although there is a strong wind area 631 that interferes with

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a weather forecasting system and a weather forecasting method that considers the flight path of a flying object such as a drone and the movement of weather phenomena associated with the flight path and provides appropriate weather warnings for flight. to provide.

The configuration of the weather forecast system of the present invention is preferably a weather forecast system in which the information processing device provides weather phenomenon warning information to a mobile object, and the information processing device Hold route data indicating a route and weather data for each time of an area including the route of the mobile object, extract weather data in the vicinity of the route of the mobile object, and obtain weather data relating to the position of the mobile object at a first time. , generating weather warning information about the movement of the moving body when any of the weather data about the position of the moving body at the second time (> the first time) indicates a weather warning phenomenon It is what I did.

According to the present invention, a weather forecasting system and weather forecasting method are provided that take into account the flight path of a flying object such as a drone and the movement of weather phenomena related to the vicinity of the flight path, and provide appropriate weather warnings for flight. can provide.

1 is a system configuration diagram of a weather forecast system; FIG. It is a functional block diagram of a weather management server. 3 is a functional configuration diagram of a client terminal; FIG. FIG. 4 is a sequence diagram showing the flow of overall processing in the weather forecast system; FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing processing for generating warning area polygons and warning messages as weather warning information (No. 1); FIG. FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing processing for generating warning area polygons and warning messages as weather warning information (No. 2); FIG. It is a figure which shows the relationship between a route segment, a start time, and an end time. 4 is a table showing the meaning of each judgment value of weather phenomena; It is a figure which shows the weather forecast screen which a client terminal displays. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of performing linear interpolation in the time direction on a moving weather phenomenon;

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8. FIG.
First, the configuration of the weather forecast system will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. FIG.

The weather forecast system of this embodiment is composed of a weather management server 100 and a client terminal 170 interconnected via the Internet 5 . Also, the weather management server 100 and the client terminal 170 may be connected by a LAN (Local Area Network).

The weather management server 100 is a server that manages weather information, provides weather information, and generates and provides weather warning information to flying objects such as drones.
The weather management server 100, as shown in FIG. 1, is realized by an information processing device such as a general server device, and in terms of hardware, includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 130, a main memory 120, a communication I/ An F (Interface) 150 and an auxiliary storage I/F 160 are connected by a bus.

CPU 130 executes a program loaded into main memory 120 and controls each part of weather management server 100 . The main memory 120 is a semiconductor memory device that holds temporary work data and loaded programs. Communication I/F 150 is an interface device that connects to Internet 5 . The auxiliary storage I/F is an interface device that connects auxiliary storage devices such as a HDD (Hard Disk Drive) 140 and an SDD (Solid State Drive).

The HDD 140 is a large-capacity magnetic storage device. A weather information providing program 121 and a weather warning information providing program 121 are installed in the HDD 140 of this embodiment.

The weather information providing program 121 is a program that reads weather data 141 stored in the HDD 140 and provides weather information to the client terminal 170 . The weather warning information providing program 121 is a program that provides weather warning information related to flying objects.
HDD 140 also holds weather data 141 and route data 142 . Details of the data will be described later.

The client terminal 170 is a terminal device that is connected to the weather management server 100 via the Internet 5 and displays weather information and weather warning information related to aircraft. The client terminal 170 is an information processing device having a function of operating a web browser, such as a smart phone or a personal computer.

Next, the functional configuration of the weather management server will be described with reference to FIG.
The functional configuration of the weather management server 100 consists of a weather information providing unit 101, a weather warning information providing unit 102, and a storage unit 103, as shown in FIG.

The weather information providing unit 101 is a functional unit that provides weather information to the client terminal 170 and is realized by the weather information providing program 121 .

The weather warning information providing unit 102 is a functional unit that provides weather warning information related to the aircraft, and is realized by the weather warning information providing program 121 program.

The storage unit 103 is a functional unit that holds data. The storage unit 103 holds weather data 141 and route data 142 .

The weather data 141 is weather-related data (temperature, humidity, wind volume, rainfall amount, etc.) represented by past weather observation time series or future weather forecast time series. The weather data 141 is stored as time series mesh data. In other words, space-time is defined by four axes of time, altitude, latitude, and longitude, and the start point, end point, and resolution are defined for each axis. be done. When the user specifies time, altitude, latitude, and longitude, the corresponding values can be obtained. However, the number of axes is not limited to four. For example, data defined only on the ground surface consists of three axes of time, latitude, and longitude. Alternatively, if it is a forecast, the initial time axis is additionally used.

The route data 142 is data representing the route of the aircraft, and is data expressing polygons and lines of the route with coordinates.

Next, the functional configuration of the client terminal will be described with reference to FIG.
The functional configuration of the client terminal 170 consists of a route/weather map display section 171 and a warning information/route information display section 172, as shown in FIG.

The route/weather map display unit 171 is a functional unit that displays a route/weather map. The warning information/route information display unit 172 is a functional unit that displays weather warning information and route information regarding the aircraft.

Next, processing of the weather forecast system will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 7. FIG.

First, the overall flow of processing in the weather forecast system will be described with reference to FIG.
When the client terminal 170 accesses the website of the weather management server 100 (S301), the weather management server 100 executes the weather information providing program 121 (S302) to create web page data. The created web page data is sent to the client terminal 170 via the Internet 5 (S303). The weather forecast screen 200 is displayed on the screen of the client terminal 170 by the web browser performing display processing on the client terminal 170 (S304). A specific example of the weather forecast screen 200 will be described in detail later. When the weather forecast screen 200 accepts the designation of the route by the user (S305), the information is transmitted to the weather management server 100 (S306), and the weather information providing program 121 generates a polygon indicating the warning area and a warning message. (S307). The generated information is sent to the client terminal 170 (S308), and the warning area polygon 214 indicating the warning area is displayed on the route/weather map 210, and the warning icon 231 and warning message 232 are displayed on the warning list 230 (S307). Details of the display of the route/weather map 210 will be described later.

Next, the process of generating warning area polygons and warning messages as weather warning information will be described with reference to FIGS. 5A, 5B and 6. FIG.

First, time-series data of the position of the drone is generated based on the route data (S401 in FIG. 5A). This process is a process of obtaining the position of the drone on the route at each predetermined time step (for example, 60 seconds). Linear interpolation may be used for this calculation.

Next, the position time series data is divided into segments (hereinafter referred to as "route segments") for each time step of the weather data 141 (S402). For example, if the flight time of the route is defined from 9:50 to 10:20 and the target time of the weather data 141 is every hour (every hour on the hour), the route will be from 9:50 to 10:00 and 10:00. It is divided into two route segments from 00:00 to 10:20. Also, a start time and an end time (simply referred to as "start time" and "end time" in the following description and drawings) for generating warning information due to weather phenomena indicated by weather data are determined for each route segment. In this example, as shown in FIG. 6, the route segment from 9:50 to 10:00 has a start time of 9:00 and an end time of 10:00. In the route segment from 10:00 to 10:20, the start time is 10:00 and the end time is 11:00.

Next, a sphere with radius R is generated for each position of the divided route (S403). However, if the weather data 141 is a three-dimensional time series, it will be a sphere, but if it is a two-dimensional time series, it will be a circle. Hereinafter, it is assumed that the generated figure is a sphere. The value of radius R is determined in advance. The value of the radius R is preferably about the same as the value obtained by multiplying the time step width of the weather data 141 by the moving speed of the weather phenomenon.

Next, the spheres generated in this manner are fused (by ORing the regions) to generate one region (S404). Hereinafter, the generated area will be called a "monitored area".

Next, it is determined whether or not the processing has been completed for all route segments within the monitoring area (S405 in FIG. 5B), and when the processing has been completed (S405: YES), the processing in FIG. If not finished (S405: NO), go to S406.

If it is determined in S405 that the processing has not ended, the weather data included in the monitoring area is extracted from the weather data at the start time and end time (S406).

Then, it is determined whether or not a weather phenomenon to be warned exists within the monitoring area at the start time and end time (S407), and the subsequent processing is branched according to the weather phenomenon determination values shown in FIG. Let The meteorological phenomenon to be warned is, for example, strong wind, and the presence or absence of such a phenomenon is determined by the presence or absence of a cell having a wind speed value exceeding a threshold value (eg, 10 m/s). Other examples include precipitation, fog, and volcanic ash.

As shown in FIG. 7, the meteorological phenomenon judgment value can be classified according to the presence or absence of a meteorological phenomenon to be a warning target at the start time and the end time.

If there is no phenomenon at the start time and no phenomenon at the end time, it is determined that no phenomenon has occurred between the start time and the end time, and is classified as no phenomenon (pattern 501).

If there is a phenomenon at the start time and no phenomenon at the end time, it is determined that the weather phenomenon targeted for warning has disappeared at that location, and is classified as extinction (pattern 502).

If there is no phenomenon at the start time and there is a phenomenon at the end time, it is determined that the weather phenomenon targeted for warning has been generated at that location, and is classified as generated (pattern 503).

If there is a phenomenon at the start time and there is a phenomenon at the end time, it is determined that the meteorological phenomenon to be warned has advected from the start time to the end time, and is classified as advection (pattern 504).

As a result of the determination in S407, when the weather phenomenon determination value is "no phenomenon" (pattern 501), the process returns to S405.

As a result of the determination in S407, when the weather phenomenon determination value is "advection" (pattern 504), the movement vector of the weather phenomenon to be warned is calculated (S408). For this, the technology of the digital image correlation method is applied. That is, a three-dimensional vector of values (a, b, c) that minimizes the squared error E shown in the following (Equation 1) is set as a movement vector V.

Here, (i, j, k, l) are latitude, longitude, altitude, indices of cells associated by division of time, and Wi _{, j, k, l} are latitude, longitude, altitude, It is the value of the weather data 141 at the index (i, j, k, l) of the time-divided cell.
Here, the start time is l-1 and the end time is l.
Note that Σ _k Σ _j Σ _l indicates that the index (i, j, k) in the monitored area is roamed and the value of that term summed up for all cells.

Next, it is determined whether or not the motion vector obtained in S408 is valid (S409). If it is valid (S410: YES), go to S411 if it is not valid (S410: NO).
A valid motion vector is, for example, a case where the squared error E is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold.

Next, the value of the weather data 141 at time l+α is obtained (S410).
For all cells (i, j, k, l) in the monitored area, the weather data when the start time is l−1 and the end time is l is converted into a movement vector by the following (Equation 2). , and linear interpolation in the time direction. This is called interpolation using a motion vector.

ここで、α＋β＝１、０≦α＜１である。

where α+β=1 and 0≦α<1.

Next, the distance between the weather phenomenon to be warned and the drone at time l+α is obtained (S410). This can be done by calculating the distance to the position of the drone at that time for each cell in which the meteorological phenomenon to be warned exists, and finding the shortest distance among them.

Next, as a result of the determination in S407, when the meteorological phenomenon determination value is "disappeared" (pattern 502), the shortest distance between the meteorological phenomenon to be warned at the start time and the position of the drone at that time is calculated (S412). .

Next, if the result of determination in S407 is that the meteorological phenomenon determination value is "Generate" (pattern 503), the shortest distance between the meteorological phenomenon to be warned at the end time and the position of the drone at that time is calculated ( S413).

Then, after executing S411, S412, and S413, it is determined whether the distance between the meteorological phenomenon to be warned and the drone at the problematic time calculated in each step is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold. When the polygon indicating the warning area is generated, a message regarding the time and type of weather phenomenon to be warned is generated (S413), and the process returns to S405.

A polygon indicating a warning area may be generated by gluing together cells indicating a certain threshold value of the weather data to be warned.

Next, the user interface of the weather forecast system provided by the client terminal will be described with reference to FIG.
The weather forecast screen 200 is displayed by the client terminal 170 and displays weather information along the route and warning information related thereto. As shown in FIG. It consists of a point list 220 and a warning list 230 .

Data required for display is transmitted from the weather management server 100 via the Internet 5 .

When the user taps the route/weather map 210, a waypoint (route point) is set at that location. Also, when the user selects waypoints, a polyline connecting them is displayed. The example of FIG. 3 shows a state in which the user has set waypoints A212 and B213 as waypoints, and set a route 211 from waypoint A212 to waypoint B213 as a route. A waypoint list 220 displays information on waypoints forming a route. In this example, the waypoint name, altitude and time of passage are listed (entry 221 and entry 222). A monitoring area 215 is set in the route/weather map, and weather phenomena within the monitoring area can be superimposed and displayed. It also has a time slider 216 for setting the time to be displayed. In the example of FIG. 8, the user has set the weather conditions to show the weather conditions at 10:08, and the warning area polygon 214 showing the warning area at that time is displayed. Here, in the warning list 230, a warning icon 231 indicating a warning and a warning message 232 "10:00 to 10:10, a strong wind area will pass through the route" are displayed.

In this manner, the warning area polygon 214 is superimposed on the route and displayed on the route/weather map, so that the user can intuitively and easily perceive the warning information. Also, the warning message 232 allows the user to know the detailed information.

In the present embodiment, a flying object such as a drone has been described as an example, but a moving object that moves on the ground, such as a train or vehicle, may be used.

As described above, in the weather forecast system of this embodiment, it is possible to provide appropriate weather warning information corresponding to the flight time and changes in the weather to flying objects such as drones.

5 Internet 100 Weather management server 170 Client terminal 200 Weather forecast screen 210 Route/weather map 216 Time slider 220 Waypoint list 230 Warning list

Claims (4)

A weather forecast system in which an information processing device provides warning information of weather phenomena to a mobile object,
The information processing device is
route data indicating the route of a moving object at each time;
holding weather data for each time of the area including the route of the moving object;
extracting weather data in the vicinity of the route of the moving object;
When either the weather data relating to the position of the mobile object at a first time or the weather data relating to the position of the mobile object at a second time later than the first time indicates a weather warning phenomenon. , generating weather warning information regarding the movement of the mobile body;
calculating the distance between the position where the warning phenomenon occurs and the position of the moving body at that time, and generating weather warning information regarding the movement of the moving body when the distance is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold;
when both the weather data regarding the location of the mobile object at the first time and the weather data regarding the location of the mobile object at the second time indicate a weather warning event,
generating weather warning information related to the movement of the mobile body, based on the weather data values obtained by interpolating the weather data at the first time and the weather data at the second time using a movement vector;
The warning information includes a warning area polygon indicating an area subject to the weather phenomenon indicated by the weather data, and a message indicating the time and type of the weather phenomenon indicated by the weather data. weather forecast system. 2. The weather forecast system according to claim 1, wherein said mobile body is an aircraft, and said route data is route data. For each time step interval for obtaining the weather data including the movement schedule time of the moving object, the start time of the time step interval is set to the first time, and the end time of the time step interval is set to the second time. 2. The weather forecast system according to claim 1, wherein the time is set to . A weather forecasting method in which a weather forecasting system provides warning information of a weather phenomenon to an aircraft,
The weather forecast system comprises a weather management server and a client terminal connected to the weather management server via a network,
The weather management server
route data indicating the route of the aircraft at each time;
holding weather data for each time of the area including the route of the flying object;
extracting weather data in the vicinity of the path of the aircraft ;
The weather management server issues a weather warning in either weather data regarding the position of the flying object at a first time or weather data regarding the position of the flying object at a second time later than the first time. The distance between the position where the warning phenomenon occurs and the position of the flying object at that time is calculated, and when the distance is less than a predetermined threshold value, weather warning information regarding the movement of the flying object is issued. a step of generating;
the weather management server sending weather warning information regarding the movement of the aircraft to the client terminal;
A warning area polygon that superimposes on the route and indicates an area subject to the weather phenomenon indicated by the weather data, as weather warning information relating to the movement of the flying object, on a screen that displays the route and the weather phenomenon by the client terminal. and displaying a message indicating the time and type of the weather phenomenon indicated by the weather data,
when the weather data regarding the position of the aircraft at the first time and the weather data regarding the position of the aircraft at the second time both indicate a weather warning event;
In the step of generating weather warning information related to the movement of the flying object, the weather data at the first time and the weather data at the second time are linearly interpolated in the spatial direction to obtain the weather data values for the flight. A weather forecasting method characterized by generating weather warning information relating to movement of a body.

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