JP7265793B2 - air conditioner - Google Patents
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- JP7265793B2 JP7265793B2 JP2021080630A JP2021080630A JP7265793B2 JP 7265793 B2 JP7265793 B2 JP 7265793B2 JP 2021080630 A JP2021080630 A JP 2021080630A JP 2021080630 A JP2021080630 A JP 2021080630A JP 7265793 B2 JP7265793 B2 JP 7265793B2
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 11
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000711573 Coronaviridae Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000025721 COVID-19 Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002926 oxygen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
- A61L2/08—Radiation
- A61L2/10—Ultraviolet radiation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L9/16—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using physical phenomena
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L9/16—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using physical phenomena
- A61L9/18—Radiation
- A61L9/20—Ultraviolet radiation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
- F24F1/0071—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units with means for purifying supplied air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
- F24F7/06—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
- F24F8/20—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by sterilisation
- F24F8/22—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by sterilisation using UV light
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
- F24F8/80—Self-contained air purifiers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Air Filters, Heat-Exchange Apparatuses, And Housings Of Air-Conditioning Units (AREA)
- Ventilation (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
- Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
Description
本発明は、空調機に関し、特に、空気の滅菌処理を行う空調機に関する。 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an air conditioner, and more particularly to an air conditioner that sterilizes air.
新型コロナウイルス（ＣＯＶＩＤ－１９）感染症のまん延が大きな社会問題となっている。このため、ウイルスや細菌に汚染された空気を浄化する機能を有する空調機へのニーズが高まっている。 The spread of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has become a major social problem. For this reason, there is an increasing need for air conditioners that have a function of purifying air contaminated with viruses and bacteria.
家庭内などの比較的狭い空間に対しては、エアコンや空気清浄機に滅菌機能を付加した空調機が多く提案され、市販もされている。これらの空調機では、プラズマ（電離気体）により、ウイルス等を帯電して吸着除去したり、プラズマで発生した活性化酸素などによりウイルス等を分解するもの、さらには、紫外線でウイルス等を滅菌するものなどが実用化されている。 For relatively narrow spaces such as in the home, many air conditioners and air purifiers with a sterilization function added have been proposed and are commercially available. These air conditioners use plasma (ionized gas) to charge and remove viruses, etc., decompose viruses with activated oxygen generated by plasma, and sterilize viruses with ultraviolet rays. things have been put to practical use.
狭い空間の空気を効率よく滅菌処理する方法としては、プラズマ処理は効果的であるが、ホテルのロビーや劇場、空港ターミナルビルなどの公共施設などのように、広い空間の空気を滅菌処理する際にプラズマ処理を行うと、多くのプラズマ処理装置を並列に配置し、同時に稼働させる必要がある。このため、消費電力が大きくなるだけでなく、各機器のメンテナス作業負担も甚大なものとなる。 Plasma treatment is effective as a method of efficiently sterilizing the air in narrow spaces, but when sterilizing the air in large spaces such as hotel lobbies, theaters, airport terminal buildings and other public facilities, If plasma processing is performed in parallel, many plasma processing apparatuses must be arranged in parallel and operated simultaneously. As a result, not only does the power consumption increase, but the maintenance work load of each device also increases.
紫外線照射のみで滅菌する場合は、他の処理と比較して滅菌処理に要する時間が長くなる。しかも、空調機内に処理すべき空気を一旦取り込み、紫外線を所定時間以上に亘り照射する必要があるため、広い空間の空気を滅菌処理するには、十分な処理空間を確保する必要がある。また、処理空間の広さに応じて、光源の数が増加し、各光源の発光強度も強くなる。 When sterilizing only by ultraviolet irradiation, the time required for sterilization is longer than other treatments. Moreover, since it is necessary to take the air to be treated into the air conditioner once and irradiate it with ultraviolet rays for a predetermined time or longer, it is necessary to secure a sufficient treatment space in order to sterilize the air in a wide space. In addition, the number of light sources increases and the light emission intensity of each light source increases according to the size of the processing space.
特許文献１では、６０℃以上の常圧水蒸気を空気の殺菌に用いる例が開示されているが、新型コロナウイルスなどに６０℃以上の常圧水蒸気を接触させるだけで、十分にウイルスを死滅させることが可能であるかは明らかではない。しかも、水蒸気と空気を接触させる空間から水蒸気の流出を抑制しながら、当該空間に浄化対象の空気を出入りさせるのは技術的に難しい。 Patent Document 1 discloses an example of using normal pressure steam of 60 ° C or higher for air sterilization, but the new coronavirus or the like is sufficiently killed by simply contacting the normal pressure steam of 60 ° C or higher. It is not clear if this is possible. Moreover, it is technically difficult to allow the air to be purified to enter and exit the space while suppressing the outflow of water vapor from the space where the water vapor and the air come into contact with each other.
特許文献２では、加熱処理とプラズマ処理とを組み合わせてウイルスを不活化する空調機が開示されている。加熱処理は、加熱温度も３０℃より高い程度であり、後段のプラズマ処理を行うことが前提となっている。このため、前述したプラズマ処理に係る問題が同様に発生する。 Patent Document 2 discloses an air conditioner that inactivates viruses by combining heat treatment and plasma treatment. In the heat treatment, the heating temperature is about 30° C. or higher, and it is premised on the subsequent plasma treatment. For this reason, the problems associated with the plasma processing described above also occur.
本発明が解決しようとする課題は、上述したような問題を解決し、広い空間の空気を効率的に滅菌処理することが可能な空調機を提供することである。 The problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve the above problems and to provide an air conditioner capable of efficiently sterilizing the air in a wide space.
上記課題を解決するため、本発明の空調機は、以下のような技術的特徴を有する。
（１） 空気の滅菌処理を行う空調機において、空気を１００℃から１５０℃の範囲に加熱する加熱部と、該加熱部で加熱された空気を導入し、該空気の温度を、１００℃以上の状態を１分以上維持する加熱時間延長部と、該加熱時間延長部を通過した空気を１００℃より低い温度に変化させる熱交換部とを有し、該加熱時間延長部は、断熱室内に折れ曲がるように配置された金属製スパイラルダクトで構成され、該ダクトの容積は３０ｍ３以上で構成されることを特徴とする。
In order to solve the above problems, the air conditioner of the present invention has the following technical features.
(1) In an air conditioner that sterilizes air, a heating unit that heats air to a temperature in the range of 100 ° C. to 150 ° C. is introduced, and the air heated by the heating unit is introduced to raise the temperature of the air to 100 ° C. or higher. A heating time extension part that maintains the state of for 1 minute or more, and a heat exchange part that changes the temperature of the air that has passed through the heating time extension part to a temperature lower than 100 ° C., and the heating time extension part is in the heat insulating room . It is characterized by comprising a metal spiral duct arranged so as to be bent into two, and having a volume of 30 m 3 or more.
（２） 上記（１）に記載の空調機において、該金属製スパイラルダクトの周囲に断熱性素材を配置することを特徴とする。 (2) The air conditioner described in (1) above is characterized in that a heat insulating material is arranged around the metal spiral duct.
（３） 上記（１）又は（２）に記載の空調機において、該熱交換部は、該加熱時間延長部を通過した空気が複数の熱交換器を通過するよう構成され、最初の熱交換器は、該加熱時間延長部を通過した空気と冷却用空気との間で熱交換を行うことを特徴とする。 ( 3 ) In the air conditioner described in (1) or (2) above, the heat exchange section is configured such that the air that has passed through the heating time extension section passes through a plurality of heat exchangers. The vessel is characterized in that heat is exchanged between the air that has passed through the heating time extension section and the cooling air.
（４） 上記（３）に記載の空調機において、該冷却用空気は、外部空気又は該空調機が供給する室内の空気であることを特徴とする。 ( 4 ) The air conditioner described in ( 3 ) above is characterized in that the cooling air is outside air or indoor air supplied by the air conditioner.
（５） 上記（４）に記載の空調機において、該冷却用空気が該空調機が供給する室内の空気である場合には、前記最初の熱交換器を通過した空気を該加熱部に導入することを特徴とする。 ( 5 ) In the air conditioner described in ( 4 ) above, when the cooling air is indoor air supplied by the air conditioner, the air that has passed through the first heat exchanger is introduced into the heating unit. characterized by
（６） 上記（１）乃至（５）のいずれかに記載の空調機において、該加熱時間延長部と該熱交換部との間に、空気に紫外線を照射する紫外線照射部を設けることを特徴とする。 ( 6 ) The air conditioner according to any one of the above (1) to ( 5 ), characterized in that an ultraviolet irradiation section for irradiating air with ultraviolet rays is provided between the heating time extension section and the heat exchange section. and
（７） 上記（６）に記載の空調機において、該紫外線照射部を構成する空間の内壁には光触媒が塗布されていることを特徴とする。 ( 7 ) In the air conditioner described in ( 6 ) above, a photocatalyst is applied to the inner wall of the space forming the ultraviolet irradiation section.
本発明により、空気の滅菌処理を行う空調機において、空気を１００℃から１５０℃の範囲に加熱する加熱部と、該加熱部で加熱された空気を導入し、該空気の温度を、１００℃以上の状態を１分以上維持する加熱時間延長部と、該加熱時間延長部を通過した空気を１００℃より低い温度に変化させる熱交換部とを有し、該加熱時間延長部は、断熱室内に折れ曲がるように配置された金属製スパイラルダクトで構成され、該ダクトの容積は３０ｍ３以上で構成されるため、加熱処理を中心として滅菌処理を行うことができる。加熱処理は、必要な装置の構成も簡素化でき、空気の流路もシンプルとなる。このため、広い空間の空気を処理する際にも、加熱装置の能力を変更し、配管容量の規模を調整するだけで、容易に対応することが可能となる。 According to the present invention, in an air conditioner that sterilizes air, a heating unit that heats air to a temperature in the range of 100 ° C to 150 ° C is introduced, and the air heated by the heating unit is introduced, and the temperature of the air is reduced to 100 ° C. It has a heating time extension part that maintains the above state for 1 minute or longer, and a heat exchange part that changes the temperature of the air that has passed through the heating time extension part to a temperature lower than 100 ° C., and the heating time extension part is an insulated chamber . It is composed of a metal spiral duct that is bent inside and has a volume of 30 m 3 or more, so sterilization can be performed mainly by heat treatment. The heat treatment simplifies the configuration of the necessary equipment and simplifies the air flow path. For this reason, even when processing air in a wide space, it is possible to easily deal with the problem simply by changing the capacity of the heating device and adjusting the scale of the piping capacity.
以下、本発明について好適例を用いて詳細に説明する。
本発明は、図１又は図９に示すように、空気の滅菌処理を行う空調機において、空気を所定温度以上に加熱する加熱部と、該加熱部で加熱された空気を導入し、該空気の温度を、該所定温度以上の状態を所定時間以上維持する加熱時間延長部と、該加熱時間延長部を通過した空気を該所定温度より低い温度に変化させる熱交換部とを有することを特徴とする。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail using preferred examples.
As shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 9, the present invention provides an air conditioner for sterilizing air, in which a heating unit for heating air to a predetermined temperature or higher, introducing the air heated by the heating unit, and A heating time extension part that maintains the temperature of at least the predetermined temperature for a predetermined time or more, and a heat exchange part that changes the temperature of the air that has passed through the heating time extension part to a temperature lower than the predetermined temperature. and
本発明は、ウイルスや細菌が、高温の環境下で死滅することを利用し、特に、１００℃以上の状態を１分間以上持続することで、９９％以上のウイルス等を滅菌処理するものである。 The present invention utilizes the fact that viruses and bacteria are killed in a high-temperature environment, and in particular, by maintaining a state of 100 ° C. or higher for 1 minute or longer, 99% or more of viruses and the like are sterilized. .
空気の加熱温度は、１００℃以上であれば、特に上限は無いが、温度が高いほど消費するエネルギーも膨大なものとなる。しかも、加熱処理して滅菌処理した空気は、室温程度（例えば、２０～４０℃）に温度を下げて、室内に供給されるため、加熱温度が高いほど、エネルギー損失も大きくなる。このため、加熱温度は、１００℃から３００℃、より好ましく１００℃から１５０℃の範囲に設定される。 There is no particular upper limit to the heating temperature of the air, as long as it is 100° C. or higher, but the higher the temperature, the greater the amount of energy consumed. Moreover, the heat-treated and sterilized air is cooled to about room temperature (for example, 20 to 40° C.) before being supplied to the room, so the higher the heating temperature, the greater the energy loss. Therefore, the heating temperature is set in the range of 100°C to 300°C, more preferably 100°C to 150°C.
加熱温度を維持する時間については、一般的に、加熱温度が高いほど、滅菌処理に必要な時間は短くなる。確実に滅菌処理を行うには、処理する空気全体を所定温度以上の状態で、所定時間以上に保持することが不可欠であることから、処理する空気量が増加するに従い、処理時間（所定時間）は長めに設定することが好ましい。例えば、１０秒以上、又は３０秒以上、より好ましくは１分以上に設定される。ただし、空気の加熱温度を維持するには、空気を処理するための空間として、処理する空気の流量と処理時間との積によって算出される体積の空間が必要となる。このため、処理時間が倍になると必要な空間も倍になり、処理時間に対応して空調機の設備も巨大化することとなる。よって、処理時間は、２～３分以内を上限とすべきである。 As for the time to maintain the heating temperature, generally, the higher the heating temperature, the shorter the time required for sterilization. In order to perform the sterilization process reliably, it is essential to keep the entire air to be treated at a temperature higher than the specified temperature for a specified time or longer. should be set longer. For example, it is set to 10 seconds or longer, or 30 seconds or longer, more preferably 1 minute or longer. However, in order to maintain the heating temperature of the air, the space for processing the air must have a volume calculated by multiplying the flow rate of the air to be processed and the processing time. For this reason, if the processing time is doubled, the required space is also doubled, and the air conditioning equipment becomes huge in correspondence with the processing time. Therefore, the upper limit of the treatment time should be within 2 to 3 minutes.
本発明の空調機の基本的な構成は、図１に示すように、室内空気を取り込み加熱する加熱部と、加熱した空気を所定時間維持するための加熱時間延長部と、加熱した空気を室温に戻すための熱交換部から構成される。 The basic configuration of the air conditioner of the present invention, as shown in FIG. It consists of a heat exchange part for returning to
さらに、図２に示すように、より滅菌処理の効果を高めるため、加熱した空気の温度を下げる前に、処理空気に紫外線を照射する紫外線照射部を組み込むことも可能である。加熱した空気に紫外線を照射することで、常温の空気に紫外線を照射する場合と比較し、より高い滅菌効果を実現することができる。 Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 2, in order to further enhance the effect of the sterilization treatment, it is possible to incorporate an ultraviolet irradiation unit for irradiating the treated air with ultraviolet rays before lowering the temperature of the heated air. By irradiating heated air with ultraviolet rays, it is possible to realize a higher sterilization effect than in the case of irradiating normal temperature air with ultraviolet rays.
次に、本発明の空調機を構成する各部分の概要を説明する。
図３及び４は、加熱部の構成を説明する図であり、基本的には、送風手段と加熱手段から構成される。加熱部に空気を導入する際には、空気中の塵等を除去するためフィルタを通過した空気を導入する。また、フィルタは吸込口と一体的に構成することも可能である。送風手段としてファンやブロワーが利用可能である。加熱手段としては、電気やガスなどの種々のエネルギー源を利用した加熱ヒーターが利用可能である。特に、取扱い易さや設置工事の簡便さから電気式の加熱ヒーターが好ましい。
Next, an outline of each part constituting the air conditioner of the present invention will be described.
3 and 4 are diagrams for explaining the configuration of the heating section, which basically consists of air blowing means and heating means. When air is introduced into the heating unit, the air is passed through a filter to remove dust in the air. Also, the filter can be configured integrally with the suction port. A fan or a blower can be used as the air blowing means. As the heating means, heaters using various energy sources such as electricity and gas can be used. In particular, an electric heater is preferable because of ease of handling and simplicity of installation work.
加熱部としては、例えば、ファンと加熱ヒーターを一体化した電熱送風機（西村電機株式会社製、製品型式ＣＵ－５００Ｅ形）が好適に利用可能である。この電熱送風機は、最大風量が２０ｍ３／ｍｉｎであり、吐出温度も６０～３００℃を実現している。例えば、２０ｍ３／ｍｉｎを超える流量で室内空気を取り込み、加熱部で加熱処理を行うには、図４や図９に示すように、ファンや加熱ヒーターを並列に配置することで、加熱処理能力を容易に高めることが可能となる。 As the heating unit, for example, an electric blower (manufactured by Nishimura Electric Co., Ltd., model CU-500E) in which a fan and a heater are integrated can be suitably used. This electric fan has a maximum air volume of 20 m 3 /min and achieves a discharge temperature of 60 to 300°C. For example, in order to take in room air at a flow rate of more than 20 m 3 /min and perform heat treatment in the heating unit, as shown in FIGS. can be easily increased.
図５、図６及び図９を用いて、加熱時間延長部について説明する。
加熱時間延長部では、加熱した空気を所定温度以上の状態で、所定時間維持することを確実に実施することが必要である。このため、加熱空気を広い空間に一時的に閉じ込めることも可能である。しかしなら、空調機を連続的に運転するためには、空気の出入りも連続的に行う必要があり、一カ所の空間に一時的に閉じ込める方法は現実的でない。このため、本発明では、保温性ダクトを利用し、加熱した空気が所定時間以上を掛けて該ダクト内を移動するよう構成している。
The heating time extension unit will be described with reference to FIGS. 5, 6 and 9. FIG.
In the heating time extension section, it is necessary to reliably maintain the heated air at a predetermined temperature or higher for a predetermined period of time. Therefore, it is also possible to temporarily confine the heated air in a wide space. However, in order to operate the air conditioner continuously, it is necessary to continuously move the air in and out, and the method of temporarily confining the space in one place is not realistic. For this reason, in the present invention, a heat insulating duct is used, and the heated air is configured to move through the duct over a predetermined period of time.
保温性ダクトとしては、亜鉛鋼板などを用いた金属製のスパイラルダクトを利用すると共に、その周囲にガラス繊維などの断熱性素材を配置したものが利用可能である。また、図６に示すように、複数の加熱ヒーターなどを利用して、複数の系統から加熱空気が送風されてくる場合には、加熱時間延長部を構成する保温性ダクトも各系統に対応して、複数設けることが可能である。 As the heat insulating duct, it is possible to use a metal spiral duct using a galvanized steel sheet or the like, and a heat insulating material such as glass fiber arranged around it. Also, as shown in FIG. 6, when heated air is blown from a plurality of systems using a plurality of heaters, the heat retaining ducts constituting the heating time extension part also correspond to each system. It is possible to provide a plurality of
例えば、３０ｍ３／ｍｉｎの流量で流れる空気を、１分間保持するために必要なダクトの容積は、３０ｍ３である。なお、空気の熱膨張を考慮すると、実際の容積は３０ｍ３よりも大きくなる。ダクトの内径を大きくすれば、ダクトの長さは短くなる。しかしながら、ダクトの内径が大きいほど、ダクト内を通過する空気の速さは、ダクトの中央部付近と内壁面付近とではより大きく異なるため、ダクト内の空気の通過位置により、空気のダクト内に滞在する時間が異なることとなる。このため、ダクト内の空気の速度分布が出来るだけ一様と（速度差が少なく）なるように、ダクトの内径を設定することが好ましい。これにより、ダクトの長さは必然的に長くなる傾向となり、図９に示すように保温性ダクトは、加熱時間延長部を構成する空間内に、折れ曲がるように配置される。ダクトの折れ曲がった部分では、空気の流れが乱れるため、ダクトの内径を設定する際には、このような曲がり部分の影響も考慮して設定することがより好ましい。 For example, the volume of the duct required to hold air flowing at a flow rate of 30 m 3 /min for 1 minute is 30 m 3 . Note that the actual volume will be larger than 30 m 3 when considering the thermal expansion of air. Increasing the inner diameter of the duct shortens the length of the duct. However, the larger the inner diameter of the duct, the greater the difference in the speed of the air passing through the duct between the area near the center of the duct and the area near the inner wall surface. The length of stay will vary. Therefore, it is preferable to set the inner diameter of the duct so that the air velocity distribution in the duct is as uniform as possible (velocity difference is small). As a result, the length of the duct inevitably tends to be long, and as shown in FIG. 9, the heat insulating duct is arranged so as to bend in the space forming the heating time extension section. Since the air flow is disturbed at the bent portion of the duct, it is more preferable to set the inner diameter of the duct in consideration of the influence of such a bent portion.
図６又は９のように、保温性ダクトを配置する空間は、外部への放熱を可能な限り抑制することが好ましいため、空間の壁面の断熱性を高めた断熱室とすることも可能である。 As shown in Fig. 6 or 9, it is preferable that the space in which the heat insulating duct is placed suppress heat radiation to the outside as much as possible. .
図７乃至９を用いて、紫外線照射部について説明する。上述したように、紫外線照射部は本発明の空調機において必須のものでは無いが、滅菌処理の効果を向上させるためには、この紫外線照射部を空調機に組み込むことが好ましい。 The ultraviolet irradiation section will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9. FIG. As described above, the ultraviolet irradiation section is not essential in the air conditioner of the present invention, but it is preferable to incorporate the ultraviolet irradiation section into the air conditioner in order to improve the effect of the sterilization treatment.
紫外線照射部は、加熱した空気に紫外線を照射する必要があるため、図７等に示すように、加熱時間延長部と熱交換部との間に設置することが好ましい。紫外線照射部を設置する場所としては、加熱部と加熱時間延長部との間や加熱時間延長部の途中なども可能ではあるが、紫外線照射部を介在させることで、加熱した空気の温度が低下することも危惧されるため、図７等に示す位置がより好ましい。 Since the ultraviolet irradiation section needs to irradiate the heated air with ultraviolet rays, it is preferably installed between the heating time extension section and the heat exchange section as shown in FIG. 7 and the like. As a place to install the ultraviolet irradiation part, it is possible to install it between the heating part and the heating time extension part, or in the middle of the heating time extension part, but by interposing the ultraviolet irradiation part, the temperature of the heated air drops. Therefore, the positions shown in FIG. 7 and the like are more preferable.
紫外線照射部は、加熱した空気が通過する空間に紫外線ランプを配置したものである。図７のように、複数の保温性ダクトから排出される空気を一つの空間に集め、紫外線を照射するよう構成することが可能である。また、図８のように、保温性ダクト毎に紫外線照射部を配置することも可能である。紫外線ランプには、一般に市販されている製品を利用することが可能である。また紫外線の照射時間は、特に限定されないが、既に加熱処理で滅菌されているため、例えば、０．１秒～５秒の範囲で設定することが可能である。 The ultraviolet irradiation section is an ultraviolet lamp arranged in a space through which heated air passes. As shown in FIG. 7, it is possible to collect air discharged from a plurality of heat insulating ducts into one space and irradiate it with ultraviolet rays. Also, as shown in FIG. 8, it is possible to arrange an ultraviolet irradiation section for each heat insulating duct. A commercially available product can be used as the ultraviolet lamp. The irradiation time of the ultraviolet rays is not particularly limited, but can be set in the range of 0.1 to 5 seconds, for example, since it has already been sterilized by heat treatment.
また、紫外線照射部を構成する空間の内壁に光触媒を含む材料を塗布（コーティング）することで、内壁に付着するウイルス等の分解を補助することも可能となる。当然、光触媒には、紫外線により活性を示す材料が用いられる。 In addition, by applying (coating) a material containing a photocatalyst to the inner wall of the space constituting the ultraviolet irradiation section, it is possible to assist the decomposition of viruses and the like adhering to the inner wall. Naturally, the photocatalyst used is a material that is activated by ultraviolet rays.
図７～１０に示すように、本発明の空調機に使用される熱交換部は、温度保持部を通過した空気が複数の熱交換器（熱交換器Ａ及びＢ）を通過するよう構成することが好ましい。
これは、最初の熱交換器Ａは、加熱した空気（１００℃以上）の温度を大きく下げるために使用される。その次の熱交換器Ｂは、空調機から吐出される空気の温度を、室内空調機として利用者が設定した温度に調整するために使用される。
As shown in FIGS. 7 to 10, the heat exchange section used in the air conditioner of the present invention is configured such that the air that has passed through the temperature holding section passes through a plurality of heat exchangers (heat exchangers A and B). is preferred.
This is because the first heat exchanger A is used to greatly reduce the temperature of the heated air (above 100°C). The next heat exchanger B is used to adjust the temperature of the air discharged from the air conditioner to the temperature set by the user for the indoor air conditioner.
最初の熱交換器Ａは、空冷や水冷など各種の冷却媒体を利用することが可能であるが、外気や室内空気を冷却用空気として利用する場合は、温度保持部を通過した空気と冷却用空気との間で熱交換を行う方式を採用することが好ましい。図９に示すように、外気（２５℃）を冷却用空気として利用する際には、熱交換器Ａを通過した後の空気Ｃ（例えば、７５℃程度）は、図１０に示すように、そのまま屋外に排出するよう構成できる。 The first heat exchanger A can use various cooling media such as air cooling and water cooling. It is preferable to employ a system in which heat is exchanged with air. As shown in FIG. 9, when the outside air (25° C.) is used as the cooling air, the air C (for example, about 75° C.) after passing through the heat exchanger A is as shown in FIG. It can be constructed so as to be discharged outdoors as it is.
冷却用空気として室内空気を使用する場合は、熱交換器Ａは加熱部の前段に配置される予熱手段として利用可能である。これにより、加熱部での消費エネルギーをより少なく設定できるだけでなく、図１０のように熱交換して加熱された冷却用空気を屋外に直接排出していた場合と比較し、エネルギーの浪費も抑制することが可能となる。図９では、室内用空気Ｂは、室内空気Ａと同様にフィルタを介して熱交換器Ａに導入され、熱交換器Ａから排出された冷却用空気Ｃは、加熱部のファンに導入される。 When indoor air is used as the cooling air, the heat exchanger A can be used as preheating means arranged in front of the heating section. As a result, not only can the energy consumption in the heating unit be set to be less, but also energy waste can be suppressed compared to the case where the cooling air heated by heat exchange is directly discharged to the outside as shown in Fig. 10. It becomes possible to In FIG. 9, the room air B is introduced into the heat exchanger A through a filter similar to the room air A, and the cooling air C discharged from the heat exchanger A is introduced into the fan of the heating section. .
熱交換器Ａとしては、例えば、ＨＥＡＴＥＸ社のプレート式熱交換器（クロスタイプ・モデルＨ）などが好適に利用可能である。参考例として、加熱空気の温度（１５０℃）と冷却用空気の温度（２５℃）を、当該熱交換器に導入することで、加熱空気は約４０℃に温度が低下し、冷却用空気は約１１０℃に加熱されて、各々排出される。 As the heat exchanger A, for example, a plate heat exchanger (cross-type model H) manufactured by HEATEX can be suitably used. As a reference example, by introducing the temperature of the heating air (150 ° C.) and the temperature of the cooling air (25 ° C.) into the heat exchanger, the temperature of the heating air is lowered to about 40 ° C., and the cooling air is Each is discharged after being heated to about 110°C.
熱交換器Ｂとしては、熱交換器Ａで空気の温度が４０℃程度に下げられているため、既存のエアコンが利用可能である。熱交換器Ｂでは、例えば、夏季２０℃、冬季４０℃の温度の空気として室内に供給される。熱交換器Ｂは、市販されているインバータ式エアコンや図１０に示すように室内機と室外機とが分離されたタイプなど、使用する環境に応じて、適宜選択可能である。 As the heat exchanger B, since the temperature of the air is lowered to about 40° C. in the heat exchanger A, an existing air conditioner can be used. In the heat exchanger B, the air is supplied indoors at a temperature of 20° C. in summer and 40° C. in winter, for example. The heat exchanger B can be appropriately selected according to the usage environment, such as a commercially available inverter type air conditioner or a type in which the indoor unit and the outdoor unit are separated as shown in FIG.
以上のように、本発明によれば、広い空間の空気を効率的に滅菌処理することが可能な空調機を提供することができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an air conditioner capable of efficiently sterilizing the air in a wide space.
Claims (7)
空気を１００℃から１５０℃の範囲に加熱する加熱部と、
該加熱部で加熱された空気を導入し、該空気の温度を、１００℃以上の状態を１分以上維持する加熱時間延長部と、
該加熱時間延長部を通過した空気を１００℃より低い温度に変化させる熱交換部とを有し、
該加熱時間延長部は、断熱室内に折れ曲がるように配置された金属製スパイラルダクトで構成され、該ダクトの容積は３０ｍ３以上で構成されることを特徴とする空調機。 In air conditioners that sterilize air,
a heating unit that heats air to a range of 100° C. to 150° C .;
a heating time extension part that introduces the air heated by the heating part and maintains the temperature of the air at 100 ° C. or higher for 1 minute or longer;
a heat exchange section that changes the temperature of the air that has passed through the heating time extension section to a temperature lower than 100°C;
An air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the heating time extension part is composed of a metal spiral duct that is arranged to be bent in the heat insulating chamber , and the volume of the duct is composed of 30 m 3 or more.
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| JP2000316958A (en) | 1999-05-11 | 2000-11-21 | Chikara Aizawa | Sterilized gas production unit |
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