JP7256988B2 - Flow switch - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a flow switching device capable of switching between two blood flow paths between a patient and an apparatus constituting a blood circuit for dialysis or the like.

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, hemodialysis has been performed in which, for example, blood drawn from the arterial side of a patient is purified by a dialysis device and returned to the venous side. In such hemodialysis, a phenomenon called recirculation is known, in which purified blood returning to the venous side flows into the arterial side, is removed again, and is repeatedly purified by the dialysis device. If this recirculation occurs, the dialysis efficiency of the blood will decrease, so it is preferable to periodically check whether or not recirculation has occurred.

As a method for confirming whether or not recirculation occurs in hemodialysis, the two blood flow paths between the patient and the dialysis device constituting the blood circuit are alternately switched to cause the blood to flow backward, and the The reversed blood is recovered and its constituents are examined. As a switching device for switching between two blood flow paths, a switching device described in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2008-515547 (Patent Document 1) has been proposed.

The switch described in Patent Document 1 includes a first valve portion having two ports on the patient side and a second valve portion having two ports on the dialysis machine side, and these first valves The two blood flow paths are switched to each other by relatively rotating the portion and the second valve portion.

Japanese translation of PCT publication No. 2008-515547

However, in the switching device described in Patent Document 1, in order to switch between the two blood flow paths, it is necessary to relatively rotate the first valve portion and the second valve portion by a relatively large rotation angle. In particular, in this switching device, since the first valve portion and the second valve portion, each having two ports, are directly rotated relative to each other, there is a risk that the tube connected to the port may be twisted and disconnected from the port. there were.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a flow path switching device with a new structure that can solve at least one of the inherent problems of the conventional switching device.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments for understanding the present invention will be described. can be recognized and employed as independently as possible, and can also be employed in combination with any of the components described in other aspects as appropriate. Accordingly, the present invention can be implemented in various alternatives without being limited to the embodiments described below.

A first aspect includes a first housing portion provided with a pair of line connection ports on the patient side, a second housing portion provided with a pair of line connection ports on the device side, and the first housing portion. a rotatable plate member extending in a direction orthogonal to the facing direction between the facing surfaces of the second housing portion and the second housing portion; a pair of communication passages for selectively connecting each of the pair of line connection ports of one housing portion to one of the pair of line connection ports of the second housing portion ; The pair of communication paths is a channel switching device provided to linearly penetrate the plate member in the thickness direction .

According to the flow switching device configured according to this aspect, the plate member separate from the first housing portion and the second housing portion provided with the line connection port rotates to create two Since the flow path is switched, problems such as twisting or disconnection of the tube connected to the line connection port can be avoided.

According to a second aspect, in the flow switching device according to the first aspect, the pair of communication passages are configured by a pair of communication holes extending in a region shorter than half the circumference in the circumferential direction.

According to the flow path switching device constructed according to this mode, the cross-sectional area of the passage can be made relatively large and the length of the passage can be made relatively short, so that the fluidity of the liquid flowing through the communication passage can be improved. can be improved.

A third aspect is the flow path switching device according to the second aspect, wherein the line connection ports are connected to the circumferential ends of the communication holes in the selectively connected state of each of the line connection ports. The inner peripheral surfaces of both ends of the communication hole in the circumferential direction have a curved shape corresponding to the inner peripheral surface of the line connection port.

According to the flow path switching device constructed according to this aspect, the generation of a step between the line connection port and the communication hole is avoided, and liquid retention or the like caused by the liquid hitting the step is prevented. can be prevented.

A fourth aspect is the flow path switch according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein each of the plate members faces the facing surface of the first housing portion and the second housing portion. One surface is overlapped, and a seal member is arranged between at least one overlapped surface.

According to the flow path switch constructed according to this aspect, the risk of liquid leaking from between the first and/or second housing portion and the plate member can be reduced.

A fifth aspect is the channel switching device according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the plate member is integrally formed with a switching lever protruding to the outer peripheral side.

According to the channel switching device constructed according to this aspect, the plate member can be easily rotated by gripping and rotating the switching lever. In addition, since the switching lever protrudes outward, the position of the switching lever can be visually confirmed, and whether or not the two flow paths are in the switching state can be easily grasped.

A sixth aspect is the flow path switch according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the second housing portion is arranged in a direction opposite to the pair of line connection ports in the first housing portion. The facing directions of the pair of line connection ports in the portion are orthogonal to each other.

According to the flow switching device constructed according to this aspect, the plate member is rotated by a relatively small rotation angle of 90 degrees with respect to the first and second housing parts, thereby mutually switching the two flow paths. can be switched to

In a seventh aspect, a housing member provided with a pair of patient-side line connection ports and a pair of apparatus-side line connection ports projecting to the same side, and a housing member are rotatably overlapped with the housing member. and a plate member provided on the plate member for selecting each of the pair of line connection ports on the patient side as one of the pair of line connection ports on the device side in accordance with the rotational position of the plate member. and a pair of communicating passages that are physically connected to each other.

According to the flow path switch configured according to this aspect, the size can be reduced and the structure can be simplified.

A flow diverter constructed in accordance with the present invention overcomes at least one of the inherent problems of conventionally constructed diverters.

The perspective view which shows the flow-path switching device as 1 Embodiment of this invention. The front view in the flow-path switching device shown by FIG. The left side view in the flow-path switching device shown by FIG. IV-IV cross-sectional view in FIG. VV sectional view in FIG. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view from the bottom side of the flow switching device shown in FIG. 1 ; FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation of rotating the plate member to switch the flow path in the flow path switching device shown in FIG. 1 ; (a) is a front view showing a model of a flow switching device as another aspect of the present invention, and (b) and (c) show flow paths in the flow switching device shown in (a). Explanatory diagram for explaining switching

Hereinafter, in order to clarify the present invention more specifically, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

First, FIGS. 1-5 show a flow path switch 10 as one embodiment of the present invention. The flow path switch 10 of the present embodiment is used to check whether recirculation occurs during hemodialysis, and constitutes a blood circuit between the patient and the dialyzer. Two blood The channels can be switched between each other. In the following description, the vertical direction means the vertical direction in FIG.

More specifically, the flow switching device 10 has a housing member 12 . The housing member 12, as also shown in FIG. 6, has a separable structure and includes a first housing portion 14 and a second housing portion 16 which are assembled together. there is

The first housing portion 14 is a rigid member made of metal or hard synthetic resin, and is made of hard synthetic resin in this embodiment. The first housing portion 14 has a substantially bottomed cylindrical shape that opens downward as a whole. protrudes to

A notch 22 penetrating through the first peripheral wall 20 in the thickness direction is provided in a portion of the first peripheral wall 20 in the circumferential direction (right side in FIG. 3). In this embodiment, the notch 22 is formed with a circumferential dimension that is approximately 1/4 of the circumference of the first peripheral wall portion 20 (with a central angle of 90 degrees) or slightly larger. Thereby, the inside and outside of the first housing portion 14 communicate with each other through the notch 22 .

The upper bottom wall portion 18 is provided with a pair of substantially cylindrical line connection ports 24a and 24b projecting upward. A medical tube 26 or the like is connected to these line connection ports 24a and 24b, and is connected to the patient's artery or vein via an appropriate catheter or the like. As a result, for example, one line connection port 24a (24b) is used for blood removal, and the other line connection port 24b (24a) is used for blood return. In this embodiment, the pair of line connection ports 24 a and 24 b are opposed to each other in the radial direction of the upper bottom wall portion 18 .

Furthermore, in this embodiment, these line connection ports 24a and 24b penetrate the upper bottom wall portion 18 and protrude below the upper bottom wall portion 18 as well. Portions of the line connection ports 24a and 24b that protrude below the upper bottom wall portion 18 serve as positioning projections 28a and 28b for positioning a first seal member 56, which will be described later.

The second housing portion 16 is a rigid member made of metal or hard synthetic resin, and is made of hard synthetic resin in this embodiment. The second housing portion 16 has a substantially bottomed cylindrical shape that opens upward as a whole. Protruding. Further, in the present embodiment, the second housing portion 16 is formed larger than the first housing portion 14, and the first housing portion 14 can be accommodated and assembled inside the second housing portion 16. is possible.

A notch 34 penetrating through the second peripheral wall 32 in the thickness direction is provided in a portion of the second peripheral wall 32 in the circumferential direction (right side in FIG. 3). The notch 34 is formed at a position substantially corresponding to the notch 22 of the first peripheral wall portion 20 in the circumferential direction, and the notch 34 extends approximately 1/4 of the circumference of the second peripheral wall portion 32 (center angle is 90 degrees) or a slightly larger circumferential dimension. Thereby, the inside and outside of the second housing portion 16 communicate with each other through the notch 34 .

The bottom wall portion 30 is provided with a pair of substantially cylindrical line connection ports 36a and 36b projecting downward. These line connection ports 36a and 36b are connected to a dialysis device (dialyzer) 40 as a device via a medical tube 38 or the like. As a result, for example, one line connection port 36a (36b) is used for inflow of blood into the dialyzer 40, and the other line connection port 36b (36a) is used for outflow of blood from the dialyzer 40. It's like

In this embodiment, the pair of line connection ports 36 a and 36 b face each other in the radial direction of the bottom wall portion 30 . Also, the pair of line connection ports 24a and 24b provided in the first housing portion 14 and the pair of line connection ports 36a and 36b provided in the second housing portion 16 are projected from the same circumference. located above. In particular, in the present embodiment, the pair of line connection ports 24a and 24b provided on the first housing portion 14 face each other, and the pair of line connection ports 36a and 36b provided on the second housing portion 16 face each other. are orthogonal to each other.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, these line connection ports 36 a and 36 b penetrate the bottom wall portion 30 and protrude upward from the bottom wall portion 30 . Portions of the line connection ports 36a and 36b that protrude above the bottom wall portion 30 serve as positioning projections 42a and 42b for positioning a second seal member 58, which will be described later.

Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the upper end of the second peripheral wall portion 32 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 44a projecting inwardly. Between the convex portions 44a, 44a adjacent in the circumferential direction is a concave portion 44b that is relatively concave with respect to the convex portion 44a. The portions 44a and the recesses 44b are provided alternately. In particular, in the present embodiment, each convex portion 44a is inclined downward toward the projecting tip.

In addition, in the outer peripheral portion of the bottom wall portion 30 of the second housing portion 16, a plurality of openings penetrating through the bottom wall portion 30 in the thickness direction over substantially the entire circumferential length of the portion where the second peripheral wall portion 32 is formed. , a lightening hole 46 is formed. By forming these lightening holes 46, the second peripheral wall portion 32 is made easy to bend and deform so as to expand toward the outer peripheral side.

In addition, on the outer peripheral surface of the second peripheral wall portion 32, on both sides in the left-right direction of FIG. The flow switching device 10 is made easy to hold. By providing such grips 48, 48, the user is prevented from gripping and manipulating the line connection ports 24a, 24b, 36a, 36b and the medical tubes 26, 38 connected thereto. , disconnection of the medical tubes 26, 38 from the line connection ports 24a, 24b, 36a, 36b, etc. can be prevented.

By assembling the openings of the first housing part 14 and the second housing part 16 facing each other, the upper bottom wall part 18 of the first housing part 14 and the bottom wall of the second housing part 16 are assembled. 30 are vertically opposed to each other. Between the facing surfaces of the upper bottom wall portion 18 and the bottom wall portion 30, a substantially plate-like plate member 50 extending in a direction orthogonal to the facing direction (for example, the horizontal direction in FIG. 2) is provided. . In this embodiment, the plate member 50 has a substantially disc shape that can be accommodated inside the first housing portion 14 , and the plate member 50 is formed on the facing surfaces of the upper bottom wall portion 18 and the bottom wall portion 30 . One face of each is superimposed.

The plate member 50 is formed with a pair of communication passages that communicate the line connection ports 24a, 24b provided in the first housing portion 14 and the line connection ports 36a, 36b provided in the second housing portion 16. there is In this embodiment, the pair of communicating passages is constituted by first and second communicating holes 52a and 52b as a pair of communicating holes penetrating through the plate member 50 in the thickness direction and extending in the circumferential direction. These first and second communication holes 52a and 52b face each other in the radial direction of the plate member 50. As shown in FIG.

Further, these first and second communication holes 52a, 52b are positioned on the circumference where the line connection ports 24a, 24b, 36a, 36b are positioned when projected from above. Each of the communication holes 52a and 52b extends in the circumferential direction with a circumferential length of 1/4, that is, in an arc shape with a central angle of 90 degrees. That is, the first communication hole 52a is connected to either one of the line connection ports 24a (24b) provided on the first housing portion 14 and one of the line connection ports 36a (36b) provided on the second housing portion 16. ), and the second communication hole 52b connects either one of the line connection ports provided in the first housing portion 14 and the line connection port provided in the second housing portion 16 to the other 24b (24a). or the other 36b (36a). In short, in the initial state, the line connection ports 24a and 36a are connected to both circumferential ends of the first communication hole 52a, and the line connection ports 24b are connected to both circumferential ends of the second communication hole 52b. , 36b are connected.

In this embodiment, the inner peripheral surfaces of the first and second communication holes 52a and 52b at both ends in the circumferential direction are formed in a curved arc shape substantially corresponding to the inner peripheral surfaces of the line connection ports 24a, 24b, 36a and 36b. The radius of curvature at both ends in the circumferential direction of the first and second communication holes 52a, 52b is approximately equal to the inner diameter of the line connection ports 24a, 24b, 36a, 36b.

Further, in the present embodiment, the plate member 50 is integrally formed with a switching lever 54 protruding to the outer peripheral side. The switching lever 54 has a certain amount of width in the circumferential direction, and has a flat shape with a thickness substantially equal to that of the plate member 50 . Then, in a state in which the plate member 50 is assembled to the first and second housing portions 14 and 16, the switching lever 54 is moved through the notches 22 and 34 of the first and second housing portions 14 and 16 to the housing member. 12 protruding outside. In the initial state shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the switching lever 54 is positioned at one end of the cutouts 22 and 34 in the circumferential direction. The plate member 50 is rotatable by moving it to the other end side.

In the present embodiment, a first sealing member 56 is provided as a sealing member for liquid-tightly sealing between the surfaces of the first housing portion 14 and the plate member 50 which are overlapped in the vertical direction. is provided, and a second sealing member 58 as a sealing member for liquid-tightly sealing between the upper and lower overlapping surfaces of the second housing portion 16 and the plate member 50 is provided.

Specifically, the first and second seal members 56 and 58 are disk-shaped and have approximately the same size as the plate member 50, respectively. The first seal member 56 is sandwiched in a compressed state between the first housing portion 14 and the plate member 50 in the vertical direction, so that the liquid between the first housing portion 14 and the plate member 50 is maintained. It can be hermetically sealed. At the same time, the second sealing member 58 is sandwiched in a compressed state between the second housing portion 16 and the plate member 50 in the vertical direction, so that the space between the second housing portion 16 and the plate member 50 is It can be sealed in a liquid-tight manner.

In this embodiment, in the first and second sealing members 56 and 58, the positions corresponding to the positioning protrusions 28a, 28b, 42a and 42b in the first and second housing portions 14 and 16 are penetrated in the thickness direction. Positioning holes 64a, 64b, 66a, and 66b are provided. Accordingly, by fitting the positioning projections 28a and 28b into the positioning holes 64a and 64b, the first housing portion 14 and the first sealing member 56 can be easily positioned, and the positioning projections 42a can be fitted into the positioning holes 66a and 66b. , 42b, the second housing portion 16 and the second sealing member 58 can be easily positioned.

When assembling the first housing portion 14 and the second housing portion 16, the second peripheral wall portion 32 is flexurally deformed so as to widen toward the outer periphery, so that the inner portion of the second housing portion 16 is expanded. It is possible to accommodate one housing portion 14 . After the first housing portion 14 is accommodated, the bending deformation of the second peripheral wall portion 32 is released, so that the plurality of convex portions 44a provided at the upper end of the second peripheral wall portion 32 are retracted into the first housing portion. It is designed to be locked to the outer peripheral portion of 14 . In the present embodiment, since each convex portion 44 a is inclined downward, the second peripheral wall portion 32 is formed by pushing the first housing portion 14 into the second housing portion 16 . Bending deformation to the outer peripheral side is made easy to occur. For example, the first housing portion 14 is pushed into the second housing portion 16, and the second housing portion 16 is elastically restored at the time when the expanded projections 44a of the second housing portion 16 are exceeded. By deforming, the first housing portion 14 and the second housing portion 16 can be easily assembled. Thereby, the first housing part 14 and the second housing part 16 can be assembled without being fixed. Of course, the first housing portion 14 and the second housing portion 16 may be fixed by, for example, adhesion, welding, fitting, screws, or the like.

In the present embodiment, the thickness dimension of the first and second seal members 56 and 58 in a single item state before assembly is the distance between the opposing surfaces of the upper bottom wall portion 18 of the first housing portion 14 and the plate member 50. distance and the distance between the facing surfaces of the bottom wall portion 30 of the second housing portion 16 and the plate member 50 . Accordingly, by assembling the first housing portion 14 and the second housing portion 16, the first and second seal members 56, 58 are held in a compressed state.

The operation of switching two blood flow paths forming a blood circuit by means of the flow path switching device 10 of this embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG. 7, the illustration of the upper bottom wall portion 18 and the first peripheral wall portion 20 of the first housing portion 14 is omitted for the sake of clarity. In addition, in FIG. 7, (a) shows the initial state, that is, the state in which the patient's blood vessel and the dialyzer 40 are connected in a normal state, and (b) shows the state in which the blood flow path is switched. ing.

In FIG. 7( a ), the patient's artery is connected to the line connection port 24 a of the first housing part 14 via an appropriate catheter or the like and medical tubing 26 . The line connection port 24a is connected to the dialyzer 40 via the first communication hole 52a of the plate member 50, the line connection port 36a of the second housing portion 16, and the medical tubing 38. A suction pump may be provided in the dialysis machine 40 or on the path to the dialysis machine 40 so that blood drawn from the patient's arteries is supplied to the dialysis machine 40 . That is, in the initial state, the blood removal line 68a from the patient's artery to the dialyzer 40 is configured including the line connection port 24a, the first communication hole 52a, and the line connection port 36a.

In addition, the patient's veins are connected to the line connection port 24b of the first housing portion 14 via an appropriate catheter or the like and a medical tube 26. As shown in FIG. The line connection port 24b is connected to the dialyzer 40 via the second communication hole 52b of the plate member 50, the line connection port 36b of the second housing portion 16, and the medical tubing 38. The blood purified by the dialysis device 40 is returned to the patient's veins via the above-described route. That is, in the initial state, the blood return line 68b from the dialyzer 40 to the patient's vein is configured including the line connection port 24b, the second communication hole 52b, and the line connection port 36b.

Here, as shown in FIG. 7(b), the switching lever 54 is gripped and the cutouts 22, 34 of the first and second housing portions 14, 16 are moved from one end in the circumferential direction to the other end in the circumferential direction. By moving to the end, the plate member 50 rotates. In this embodiment, the notches 22 and 34 have a center angle of approximately 90 degrees, so that the switching lever 54 and the plate member 50 can also rotate approximately 90 degrees. As a result, the first and second communication holes 52a and 52b provided in the plate member 50 are also rotated by 90 degrees around the center axis of the plate member 50 (the axis extending vertically from the geometric center of the plate member 50). rotationally displaced. As a result, the first communication hole 52a communicating with the line connection ports 24a and 36a in the initial state communicates with the line connection ports 24b and 36a and communicates with the line connection ports 24b and 36b in the initial state. A second communication hole 52b communicates with the line connection ports 24a and 36b. In short, the line connection ports 24b and 36a are connected to both circumferential ends of the first communication hole 52a in the switching state, and the line connection ports 24a and 36a are connected to both circumferential ends of the second communication hole 52b. 36b is connected.

That is, these first and second communication holes 52a and 52b connect the line connection ports 24a and 24b provided in the first housing portion 14 to the second housing portion 14 according to the rotational position of the plate member 50. It is adapted to be selectively connected to one of the line connection ports 36a and 36b provided in the portion 16. FIG.

Since the line connection port 24b connected to the patient's vein side and the line connection port 36a, which flows into the dialysis device 40, are communicated through the first communication hole 52a, blood is removed from the patient's vein. is supplied to the dialyzer 40 . That is, in FIG. 7(b), the blood removal line 70a is configured including the line connection port 24b, the first communication hole 52a, and the line connection port 36a.

In addition, since the line connection port 24a connected to the patient's artery side and the line connection port 36b, which is the outflow side from the dialyzer 40, are communicated by the second communication hole 52b, the blood that has passed through the dialyzer 40 is returned to the patient's arteries. That is, in FIG. 7(b), the blood return line 70b is configured including the line connection port 24a, the second communication hole 52b, and the line connection port 36b.

Therefore, by gripping the switching lever 54 and rotating the plate member 50, the blood removal line and the blood return line constituting the blood circuit during dialysis can be switched. was returned to the vein via the dialyzer 40, but in the switched state, the blood removed from the vein is returned to the artery via the dialyzer 40. Then, whether or not recirculation occurs during dialysis is confirmed by measuring components in the blood by an appropriate measurement method, with or without collecting the blood that has flowed back in this way. be able to.

After collecting the blood, the switching lever 54 is returned to the initial position shown in FIG. can be

In the flow path switching device 10 of the present embodiment having the structure as described above, when switching between the blood removal line and the blood return line in hemodialysis, the first line connection ports 24a, 24b, 36a, and 36b provided with the line connection ports 24a, 24b, 36a, and 36b are switched. Instead of rotating the housing portion 14 and the second housing portion 16, a plate member 50 separate from these is rotated. Thus, twisting or disconnection of the medical tubing 26, 38 connected to the line connection ports 24a, 24b, 36a, 36b can be avoided.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the switching lever 54 is provided so as to protrude from the plate member 50 toward the outer peripheral side of the housing member 12, and the plate member 50 can be easily rotated by gripping and moving the switching lever 54. obtain. In particular, since the switching lever 54 protrudes outward from the housing member 12 , it is easy to grasp the circumferential position of the switching lever 54 . (whether the plate member 50 is in the normal state or the switching state), or is displaced from the circumferential ends of the notches 22 and 32 (the blood removal line and the blood return line are sufficiently communicated). ), etc., can be visually checked.

First and second communication holes 52a and 52b as communication paths constituting the blood removal lines 68a and 70a and the blood return lines 68b and 70b penetrate the plate member 50 in the thickness direction and extend in the circumferential direction. Due to the hole shape, the cross-sectional area of the passage can be set large and the length of the passage can be set short. Therefore, the amount of flowing blood can be reduced, and blood fluidity can be improved.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the inner peripheral surfaces of the first and second communicating holes 52a and 52b at both ends in the circumferential direction and the inner peripheral surfaces of the line connection ports 24a, 24b, 36a and 36b are formed in curved shapes that substantially correspond to each other. Therefore, both circumferential ends of the first and second communication holes 52a, 52b and the line connection ports 24a, 24b, 36a, 36b are smoothly connected. As a result, it is possible to prevent the blood from stagnation and thrombus formation due to the occurrence of a step on the blood removal line and the blood return line and the blood hitting the step.

In this embodiment, the depth dimension of the positioning holes 64a, 64b, 66a, 66b (thickness dimension of the first and second sealing members 56, 58) A slight gap is formed between the line connection ports 24a, 24b, 36a, 36b and the first and second communication holes 52a, 52b, but blood retention and thrombus formation are prevented. It is considered to be of a size that has virtually no effect on development.

In addition, in the present embodiment, the space between the first and second housing portions 14, 16 and the plate member 50 is liquid-tightly sealed by the first and second sealing members 56, 58. Leakage of blood through between the first and second housing portions 14, 16 and the plate member 50 can be prevented.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the facing direction of the line connection ports 24a and 24b provided in the first housing portion 14 and the facing direction of the line connection ports 36a and 36b provided in the second housing portion 16 are orthogonal to each other. These line connection ports 24a, 24b, 36a, and 36b are positioned at approximately equal intervals on the same circumference. Therefore, the circumferential length of each of the first and second communication holes 52a and 52b can be reduced to 1/4 circumference, and the rotation angle of the plate member 50 can be reduced to 90 degrees, which is relatively small. Become.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not to be construed as being limited by the specific descriptions in such embodiments, and various changes, modifications, improvements, etc. based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art. It is possible to implement in a mode in which

For example, in the above-described embodiment, the pair of line connection ports 24a, 24b on the patient side and the pair of line connection ports 36a, 36b on the dialysis machine 40 side protrude in mutually opposite directions. Like the channel switch 80 shown, the pair of line connection ports 82a, 82b on the patient side and the pair of line connection ports 84a, 84b on the device side are arranged in the same direction (upward in FIG. 8(a)). May protrude.

That is, the channel switch 80 includes a housing member 86 having line connection ports 82a, 82b, 84a, 84b, and the line connection ports 82a, 82b, 84a, 84b pass through the housing member 86. As shown in FIG. A rotatable plate member 88 is superimposed on the housing member 86. The plate member 88 has a line connection port 82a (82b) on the patient side and a line connection port 84a (84b) on the apparatus side. A first communicating path 90a and a second communicating path 90b are provided as a pair of communicating paths communicating with each other. In this aspect, the first and second communication paths 90a and 90b do not penetrate the plate member 88, but are groove-shaped opening upward. Further, in this aspect, the first and second communication paths 90a and 90b are not arc-shaped, but extend linearly in a region shorter than half the circumference of the plate member 88 in the circumferential direction.

8B and 8C show diagrams of the flow path switching device 80 viewed from above, where (b) is the initial state and (c) is the switching state. That is, in the initial state, as shown in FIG. 8B, the line connection port 82a on the patient side and the line connection port 84a on the device side are communicated through the first communication path 90a, and the second The line connection port 82b on the patient side and the line connection port 84b on the apparatus side are communicated with each other through the communicating path 90b. Then, by rotating the plate member 88 in the circumferential direction by 90 degrees from the initial state, as shown in FIG. The patient-side line connection port 82a and the device-side line connection port 84b are communicated with each other by a second communication path 90b. That is, also in this aspect, depending on the rotational position of the plate member 88, each of the pair of line connection ports 82a and 82b on the patient side is connected to either of the pair of line connection ports 84a and 84b on the apparatus side. It can be selectively connected by the first and second communication paths 90a, 90b.

Therefore, also in this aspect, since the flow path is switched only by rotating the plate member 88, the same effect as in the above-described embodiment can be exhibited. In particular, in this embodiment, since the line connection ports 82a, 82b, 84a, 84b protrude in the same direction, the vertical dimension of the flow path switch 80 can be reduced and the structure can be simplified. be able to. Also in this aspect, a seal member may be provided between the housing member 86 and the plate member 88 to seal between the two members 86 and 88 .

Further, the flow switching device according to the present invention may be provided with a display or the like for determining whether the flow path is in the normal state or in the switching state. Such indicia may be provided on the housing member or the plate member. The switching lever may be, for example, in the shape of an elongated pin, but it is also possible to provide a display on the switching lever by making it flat with a certain degree of width in the circumferential direction as in the above-described embodiment. Strength and rigidity against operating force can also be improved.

Furthermore, the switching lever may be moved with a click feeling. For example, a protrusion may be provided on the housing member so that the switching lever moves to the opposite circumferential end (the flow path is switched) to get over the protrusion, or a recess may be provided on the switching lever. The protrusion and the recess may be fitted to each other by moving the switching lever.

Furthermore, the switching lever for rotating the plate member may protrude axially outward from the housing member instead of the outer peripheral side. That is, for example, a pin-shaped switching lever is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the plate member, which has a substantially disc shape, and protrudes axially outward from the housing member (the first housing portion or the second housing portion), The housing member may be provided with a notch extending in a circular arc shape in the circumferential direction in which the switching lever can move, and the plate member may be rotated by moving the switching lever in the notch. Further, the shape of the lever projecting outward in the axial direction may be cylindrical or rod-like, and the outer surface of the lever may be held by hand. Alternatively, a switching lever projecting outward in the axial direction may be provided at the center of the substantially disk-shaped plate member, and the plate member may be rotated by rotating the switching lever around the central axis.

Also, the shape of the communication path is not limited. When viewed from above, the communication path may be arc-shaped as in the above-described embodiment, or may be linear as in the embodiment shown in FIG. can be shortened, and the fluidity of the liquid can be improved. Alternatively, for example, it may be crescent-shaped, whereby the radial width dimension of the communication passage and thus the cross-sectional area of the passage can be partially increased, thereby improving the fluidity of the liquid. It is preferable that the pair of arcuate, straight, and crescent-shaped communicating paths pass through the plate member in the thickness direction and extend over a region shorter than half the circumference of the plate member in the circumferential direction.

Furthermore, the sealing member does not have to be disc-shaped like the plate member in the above embodiment, and for example, an annular sealing member may be provided on the periphery of the opening of the communication passage. By adopting such a seal member, it is possible to reduce sliding resistance during rotation of the plate member. In the above-described embodiment, the first and second seal members 56 and 58 are provided on both sides of the plate member 50 in the vertical direction. .

Furthermore, the fixing of the first housing portion and the second housing portion is not limited to locking by means of the projections 44a provided on the second peripheral wall portion 32 as in the above embodiment. In place of or in addition to locking by 44a, conventionally known fixing means such as adhesion or welding may be employed.

In addition, the flow switching device according to the present invention is not only used for checking recirculation during hemodialysis as in the above embodiment, but also for detecting leakage in the blood circuit as described in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2007-510471. , can be used as a switch for various extracorporeal liquid flow paths.

10, 80: flow path switch, 14: first housing portion, 16: second housing portion, 24a, 24b, 82a, 82b: patient side line connection port, 36a, 36b, 84a, 84b: device side line connection port, 40: dialysis device (apparatus), 50, 88: plate member, 52a: first communication hole (communication path), 52b: second communication hole (communication path), 54: switching lever, 56 : first seal member (seal member), 58: second seal member (seal member), 86: housing member, 90a: first communication path (communication path), 90b: second communication path (communication path )

Claims (6)

a first housing portion provided with a pair of patient-side line connection ports;
a second housing portion provided with a pair of device-side line connection ports;
a rotatable plate member extending in a direction perpendicular to the facing direction between the facing surfaces of the first housing portion and the second housing portion;
Provided on the plate member, each of the pair of line connection ports of the first housing portion is connected to either of the pair of line connection ports of the second housing portion according to the rotational position of the plate member. a pair of communicating passages selectively connected to each other ; and
A channel switching device in which the pair of communication paths are provided so as to linearly penetrate the plate member in the thickness direction . 2. The flow path switching device according to claim 1 , wherein the pair of communication passages are configured by a pair of communication holes extending in a region shorter than half the circumference in the circumferential direction. In a selective connection state of each of the line connection ports, the line connection port is connected to the circumferential ends of the communication hole, and the inner peripheral surfaces of both circumferential ends of the communication hole 3. The flow path switching device according to claim 2, wherein has a curved shape corresponding to the inner peripheral surface of the line connection port. One surface of each of the plate members is overlapped with the facing surfaces of the first housing portion and the second housing portion, and a seal member is arranged between at least one of the overlapped surfaces. The channel switch according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The channel switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the plate member is integrally formed with a switching lever protruding to the outer peripheral side. The facing direction of the pair of line connection ports in the second housing portion is perpendicular to the facing direction of the pair of line connection ports in the first housing portion. The flow switching device according to the item.

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