JP7253789B2 - Mold manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a mold.

Conventionally, it has been proposed to use a resin mold as a mold instead of a metal mold. For example, Patent Literature 1 proposes a technique in which a resin mold produced by a 3D printer is used, the molding is investigated, and the investigation results are reflected in the production of a molding die for mass production.

JP 2016-028876 A

Molds made with 3D printers have been used not only for investigations when manufacturing molds as described above, but also for molding regular molded products using only resin molds. Such resin molds are required to be highly functional.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a molding die capable of achieving high functionality.

In order to achieve the above object, the manufacturing method of the molding die of the present invention uses a 3D printer to combine a plurality of resin materials with different physical properties or colors , and adjusts the surface roughness for each part. It has a step of producing.

Here, the molding die may be provided with a plurality of compartments in which each part is partitioned in a three-dimensional shape, and the resin material may be arranged for each compartment.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY In the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for manufacturing a mold that can achieve high functionality.

1 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a mold according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a mold used in an embodiment of the invention; FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a mold used in an embodiment of the invention; FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 2; 1 is an external view of a liver organ model according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is an external view of a blood vessel according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 4 is a manufacturing flow chart of the blood vessel according to the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which a molding is placed in a transfer concave portion of the mold according to the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing placement of a blood vessel in a mold prior to placing the gel into the mold; It is a perspective view of a blood vessel, showing a modification of the present embodiment.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Here, physical properties are one or more selected from mechanical properties, thermal properties, electrical properties, magnetic properties and optical properties. A gel is as soft as, for example, an organ or human skin. Furthermore, in this specification, making a material into a certain shape using a mold or the like is called "molding", and creating a shape with a three-dimensional printer (3D printer) or the like described later is referred to as "molding". It is called "shaping". Furthermore, in this specification, a substance expressed as “hard” has a Shore hardness of 95 or more, and a substance expressed as “soft” such as gel has a Shore hardness of less than 95. In addition, in this specification, a product obtained by molding a molding material such as "gel" with a mold is referred to as a "molded product", and a product with a shape such as a model of a living tissue made with a 3D printer is referred to as a "molded product". It's called a sculpt. In this specification, the term "resin material" includes a single resin, a mixture of different resins, and a material obtained by mixing metal, ceramic, or the like with resin. Furthermore, the thing which imitated the biological tissue and which was made with a molding die is referred to as a "second molding".

(Manufacturing method of molding die according to the embodiment of the present invention: creation of three-dimensional CAD data, etc.)
A method for manufacturing a mold according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a mold according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 and 3 are perspective views of the mold used in the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

First, step S shown in FIG. 1 is performed. Step S is a step of using a 3D printer to form a mold in which the shape of the object is transferred. A 3D printer is called a three-dimensional printing device, a three-dimensional printer, a three-dimensional modeling machine, or the like. A 3D printer prints and manufactures a 3D object based on three-dimensional CAD (computer-aided design) data. A 3D printer is used that has a function capable of arranging a plurality of resin materials having different physical properties and colors at predetermined positions. When printing with a 3D printer, a photocurable resin such as an ultraviolet curable resin is formed layer by layer, and the resin layer is formed by repeating the operation of curing the resin by irradiating it with ultraviolet rays each time, and gradually 3 layers are formed. The dimensional shape is printed, that is, it is shaped. This photocurable resin includes resins that are cured by light such as black light and laser, in addition to resins that are cured by ultraviolet rays.

The three-dimensional CAD data is obtained by scanning the object with a three-dimensional scanner, for example, so that part or all of the three-dimensional CAD data of the object can be obtained. A three-dimensional scanner, which is of a non-contact type, mainly uses light, that is, electromagnetic waves, and obtains three-dimensional CAD data by irradiating an object with a laser or the like and analyzing the reflected light. When obtaining three-dimensional CAD data of an organ model, an MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) or a CT (Computed Tomography) scanner can be used. Also, the three-dimensional CAD data can be partially or wholly obtained by modeling by operating three-dimensional CAD software on a computer without using a three-dimensional scanner, MRI, CT scanner, or the like.

Then, three-dimensional CAD data of a set of molds 1a and 1b to which the shape of the object is transferred is created. This object is assumed to be a human liver. Three-dimensional CAD data (A) of the human liver is created by scanning the human liver with an MRI or CT scanner (S1). Then, the three-dimensional CAD data (B1, B2) of each of the set of molds 1a, 1b other than the transfer portions 23a, 23b described later are created one by one (S2). The three-dimensional CAD data (B1, B2) are created by operating three-dimensional CAD software on a computer.

Then, the three-dimensional CAD data (A) of the human liver is processed (S3). There are two processing points. The first processing point is processing to reverse the unevenness of the three-dimensional CAD data (A) of the human liver. This is because the projections and depressions of the three-dimensional CAD data (A) must be reversed in order to mold the human liver with a pair of molds 1a and 1b. The second processing point is to distribute the shape of the human liver to a pair of molding dies 1a and 1b. This is a process of dividing into two three-dimensional CAD data A1 and A2 (S3). These processes are also performed by operating three-dimensional CAD software on a computer.

Then, the three-dimensional CAD data (A1) and the three-dimensional CAD data (B1) are combined or added (S4). Similarly, three-dimensional CAD data (A2) and three-dimensional CAD data (B2) are combined or added (S4). i.e.
A1+B1→C1
A2+B2→C2
3D CAD data (C1) and 3D CAD data (C2) are obtained. The three-dimensional CAD data (C1) is the three-dimensional CAD data of the molding die 1a, and the three-dimensional CAD data (C2) is the three-dimensional CAD data of the molding die 1b. These operations are also performed by operating three-dimensional CAD software on a computer.

Here, the molding dies 1a and 1b have a plurality of compartments in which each part is partitioned in a three-dimensional shape, and the resin is arranged in each compartment. The outline of each compartment is not visible. Each compartment is formed in various shapes. In that section, the printing condition of the 3D printer is adjusted so that the physical properties of the resin, such as hardness, surface roughness, water content, heat resistance, thermal conductivity, etc. are specific, and the mold Model 1a and 1b. At this time, the three-dimensional CAD data is added with data for forming sections and data for arranging physical properties, colors, etc. of the resin in each section.

Therefore, in the three-dimensional CAD data obtained in steps S1 to S4, a plurality of sections of the molds 1a and 1b, each of which is partitioned by a three-dimensional shape, are set (S5). Next, in the three-dimensional CAD data, the physical properties and colors of the resin material to be supplied to each section are set (S6).

Then, based on the three-dimensional CAD data of the set of molds 1a and 1b, the set of molds 1a and 1b are formed using the above-described 3D printer (S7). At this time, the 3D printer mixes a plurality of types of resin materials and jets them so as to form a resin material having specific physical properties to form each section.

(Manufacturing method of molding die according to the embodiment of the present invention: Configuration of molding die)
The molds 1a and 1b are a combination of a set of molds 1a and 1b. One molding die 1a has a transfer recess 23a in which the shape of about half of the human liver is transferred, and the other molding die 1b has about half of the remaining half of the human liver. There is a transfer concave portion 23b in which the shape is transferred. The transfer recesses 23a and 23b are recessed from the reference surfaces 24a and 24b that are in close contact with each other when the pair of molds 1a and 1b are closed.

2, 3 and FIG. 4, which is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2, the resin materials of the molds 1a and 1b and their arrangement will be described. The reference surfaces 24a, 24b and the outer walls 54, etc., of the molds 1a, 1b, other than the transfer portions 23a, 23b and the edge portions 233a, 233b described later, have heat resistance. A resin material higher than that of the portion is used. This is because it is the reference surfaces 24a, 24b, the outer wall 54, etc. that are most heated during molding.

As shown in FIG. 4, a resin material having higher toughness (elasticity) than other parts is used for the cross-sectional inner layer 53 of the mold 1a. This is for imparting flexibility to substantially the entire molds 1a and 1b. If the molding dies 1a and 1b are made of the same resin material as the outer wall 54, the molding die 1a may crack. Not only the molding die 1a but also the molding die 1b has a cross-sectional inner layer 53 having flexibility as shown in FIG.

Among the transfer portions 23a and 23b, the transfer portions 230a and 230b for transferring the shape of the liver other than the blood vessel 52 are made of a resin material having a lower thermal conductivity than the other portions. In this case, a material having a thermal conductivity of 0.15 (W/m·K) is used, but other values may be used. This is because the transfer portions 230a and 230b have a very complicated shape, so that the gel flowing therein should have good fluidity and be hardened as slowly as possible to prevent molding defects. Thus, slowing the cure rate of the gel generally increases the water content of the gel and softens the gel, rather than increasing the cure rate.

Among the transfer portions 23a and 23b, the transfer portions 232a and 232b for transferring the blood vessels 52 of the liver are made of a resin material having a higher thermal conductivity than the other portions. Like the artery 11, the blood vessel 52 is made of a resin material and is modeled by a 3D printer. This is because there is no need to lower the temperature. Rather, the blood vessel 52 should be prevented from being deformed or the like by avoiding heating by the molds 1a and 1b as much as possible.

The edge portion 233a, which is a region surrounding the entire periphery of the transfer portions 23a and 23b by about 5 mm, is made of a resin material that feels like rubber and has elasticity. The Shore hardness of the resin material used here is 60°. The edge portions 233a and 233b are for keeping a seal so that the gel does not flow out between the molds 1a and 1b when the gel is put into the molds with the molds 1a and 1b closed. . Therefore, although not clearly shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, as shown in FIG. 4, the edge portions 233a and 233b slightly protrude from the reference surfaces 24a and 24b. This projecting portion maintains the above-described sealing when the reference surfaces 24a and 24b are brought together and the molds 1a and 1b are closed. Broken lines in FIGS. 2 and 3 indicate boundaries between the edge portions 233a and 233b and the reference surfaces 24a and 24b.

One molding die 1a has recesses 25a, 25b, and 25c in regions where the shape of the liver has not been transferred, and the other molding die 1b has recesses 25a and 25b in regions where the shape of the liver has not been transferred. , 25c. By fitting the concave portions 25a and the convex portions 26a, the concave portions 25b and the convex portions 26b, and the concave portions 25c and the convex portions 26c, the positions of the transfer concave portions 23a and the transfer concave portions 23b are aligned. When the positions are aligned in this way, the pair of molds 1a and 1b are closed, and when the reference surfaces 24a and 24b come into close contact with each other, the two transfer concave portions 23a and 23b form the contact surfaces. The space can be made to be exactly the shape of a human liver.

Grooves 27a and 27b for supplying molding material to the transfer recesses 23a and 23b from the outside are provided in the pair of molding dies 1a and 1b when the pair of molding dies 1a and 1b are open. When the pair of molds 1a and 1b are closed, the two grooves 27a and 27b serve as paths, forming a molding material supply path 28 for supplying the molding material from the outside to the two transfer recesses 23a and 23b.

The transfer concave portions 23a and 23b include transfer portions 232a and 232b in which the blood vessel 52 is arranged, and the blood vessel 52 is arranged in that space. Then, when the pair of molds 1a and 1b are closed, the blood vessel 52 does not move and is placed in the space formed by the transfer recesses 23a and 23b. After that, the remaining gaps of the transfer concave portions 23a and 23b are filled with a molding material composed of agar and water from the molding material supply path 28 to mold the molding. As described above, an organ model in which the blood vessel 52 is embedded in the molding can be manufactured.

(Structure and manufacturing method of molded product molded with mold according to embodiment of the present invention)
FIG. 5 shows a molding 30 to be molded using the molds 1a and 1b. Molded article 30 is an organ model of a human liver having gel 31 and blood vessels 52 . The blood vessel 52 has an artery 52a, which is a thick trunk, and a thin blood vessel 52b derived from the artery 52a. The organ model has a part of blood vessel 52 embedded in gel 31 . The blood vessel 52 is made of resin and modeled by a 3D printer. Also, the blood vessel 52 is colored in blue and red. The blood vessel 52 will be a harder part than the molding 30 . Gel 31 is a soft object made from agar and water as molding materials.

In this manner, the living tissue of the blood vessel 52 and the molding 30 preferably have different colors so that they can be distinguished visually, and more preferably have a color that mimics the living tissue of a human body or an animal. Further, the molding 30 is an imitation of a living tissue (liver) different from the one simulating a living tissue (blood vessel 52).

The blood vessel 52 is partly embedded in the molding 31 in the molds 1a and 1b during molding. A method for manufacturing the molding 30 will be described. The molding material of the gel 31 has thermoreversible gelling properties. A specific molding material is a mixture of water and agar. The mixing ratio is 20 g of powdered agar to 1000 g of water. After heating and melting the agar to make the agar a sol, the set of molds 1a and 1b is closed, and the molding material is supplied from the molding material supply path 28 with the artery 52a placed in the transfer portions 232a and 232b. . An aqueous solution of sol-like agar, which is a molding material, has a low viscosity at about 60° C., and can penetrate into fine portions of the transfer portions 23a and 23b. In addition, when the pair of molds 1a and 1b are closed and the reference surfaces 24a and 24b are in contact with each other, the presence of the edges 233a and 233b causes the sol-like agar aqueous solution to Almost no exudation occurred from the gap between the pair of molding dies 1a and 1b.

After the molding material has sufficiently penetrated into the fine portions of the transfer recesses 23a and 23b, the temperature of the pair of molds 1a and 1b is cooled to 20.degree. This completes the molding. The human liver organ model is translucent. A set of molds 1a and 1b can be used many times to mold the molding material. As described above, the human liver organ model according to the embodiment of the present invention is manufactured.

(Manufacturing method of blood vessel 52 according to the embodiment of the present invention)
The appearance of the blood vessel 52 is shown in FIG. The blood vessel 52 is made of a plurality of resin materials with different physical properties or colors. For example, the hardness or the like is changed depending on the part of the blood vessel 52 . This blood vessel 52 is also manufactured using a 3D printer that has a function of arranging a plurality of resin materials having different physical properties and colors at predetermined positions. The manufacturing method is the same as the manufacturing method of the mold 1a. FIG. 7 shows a manufacturing flow chart thereof. A plurality of sections partitioned by three-dimensional shapes are set in the three-dimensional CAD data of the blood vessel 52b (S22). Next, in the three-dimensional CAD data, the physical properties and colors of the resin material to be supplied to each section are set (S23). Then, the blood vessel 52 is modeled based on the three-dimensional CAD data of the blood vessel 52 (S24).

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing how the blood vessel 52 is arranged in the mold 1a before the gel is put into the mold 1a. The artery 52a is fitted into the transfer portion 232a with almost no gap. As a result, the artery 52a of the blood vessel 52 is fixed by the transfer portion 232a, and rattling or the like does not occur. In addition, the artery 52a is also fitted into the transfer portion 232b of the molding die 1b with almost no gap. Therefore, the thin blood vessel portion 52b can be in a state of floating in the transfer portions 230a and 230b without contacting the transfer portions 230a and 230b. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a molding in which the thin blood vessel portion 52b is completely embedded in the gel. Note that the edges 233a and 233b are omitted in FIG.

(Main effects obtained by this embodiment)
Since the embodiment of the present invention uses a mold obtained by a 3D printer, it is possible to facilitate the manufacture of the human liver organ model, which is the mold. Moreover, since the molds 1a and 1b can be used for molding the molding material many times, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost of the organ model.

In the embodiment of the present invention, a 3D printer is used to manufacture a set of molds 1a and 1b for an organ model. A 3D printer has the characteristic of being able to surprisingly faithfully reflect three-dimensional CAD data in the shape of a printed matter, that is, a modeled object. 3D printers are said to be able to express fine unevenness of 14 μm. Therefore, it is possible to manufacture a molding die in which fine irregularities such as blood vessels are faithfully transferred to the transfer portions 23a and 23b. This effect of faithfully transferring fine irregularities cannot be obtained by using a conventional mold or the like. Moreover, the cost and time required to manufacture a set of molding dies 1a and 1b using a 3D printer can be reduced to about 1/6 that of conventional dies.

Moreover, the organ model obtained by the present embodiment can have a realistic tactile sensation. In addition, this organ model can have a life-like feel when cut with a scalpel or pean. Therefore, this organ model is suitable for practice before surgery and for training doctors. In addition, the organ model is useful because it enables suturing practice on the organ model during surgical suturing practice. In addition, the organ model is also useful when simulating a route to a tumor or the like, because the organ model can be used for simulation. In addition, the organ model is useful because it can be injected into the organ model during injection practice such as during surgery. In addition, organ models and the like are useful because the organ models can be used for evaluation, safety testing, and verification of medical devices. In addition, the organ model is useful because the medical robot can be moved relative to the organ model during training for mastering the operation of the medical robot. In addition, the organ model is useful because it is possible to perform inspections and the like on the organ model when practicing PTC (percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography) or PTCD (percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography). In addition, the organ model can also be used for simulations using ultrasonic medical equipment. Also, if a tube-shaped object extending from the esophagus to the stomach or a tube-shaped object extending from the anus to the intestine is made from a gel (molded object) similar to the organ model, endoscopy can be practiced. It is said that the more times an organ is cut, the better a doctor becomes. Therefore, if experience can be accumulated using this organ model, it is believed that this organ model will make a great contribution to medicine. Moreover, since this organ model is mainly composed of agar, which is a type of food, it is highly environmentally friendly even if it becomes waste. Conventionally, it has been practiced to intentionally kill a living animal, extract its organs, and obtain a human organ model (substitute). You don't need to kill yourself unnecessarily. In addition, by increasing or decreasing the amount of water in the molding material such as agar, it is possible to adjust the softness of the molded product. and a textured mold can be obtained.

The transfer parts 23a and 23b, for example, in the schematic cross-sectional view of the transfer part 23a of the molding die 1a as shown in FIG. Article 30 can be demolded. The reason for this is that the molding material is agar, and the molding 30, which can be said to be liquid, has a very low viscosity. This is because it is possible to crawl through

Further, according to the present embodiment, an organ model of the human liver with different tactile sensations in the blood vessel 52 portion was obtained. The organ model is an organ model in which the blood vessel 52 portion is conspicuous because the blood vessel 52 portion is hardened and the molding 30 is softened with agar and water.

In addition, the human liver organ model can be used to practice surgery while being conscious of the position of the blood vessel 52 . Therefore, it is possible to provide an organ model for surgical practice that is more realistic. In addition, since the blood vessel 52 can be reused many times after being used once as an organ model and cutting the gel 31 with a scalpel or the like, the cost of the organ model can be greatly reduced.

Depending on the embodiment of the present invention, by combining a plurality of resin materials with different physical properties, the hardness, surface roughness, heat resistance, elasticity, thermal conductivity, etc. of each section of the molds 1a and 1b can be changed. can be done. For example, if the thermal conductivity of each section of the mold 1a, 1b can be varied, the curing speed of the gel can be partially adjusted. Also, if the hardness of each section of the molds 1a, 1b can be varied, the toughness or strength of the molds 1a, 1b can be partially adjusted. Also, if the surface roughness of the molds 1a and 1b can be changed, the design of the molds 1a and 1b can be partially adjusted. Also, if the heat resistance of each section of the molds 1a and 1b can be changed, the heat resistance of the molds 1a and 1b can be partially adjusted. In addition, if the elasticity of each section of the molds 1a and 1b can be changed, the molds 1a and 1b can be sealed by the edges 233a and 233b, or the inner layer 53 can be used to make substantially the entire molds 1a and 1b flexible. It is possible to give sexuality. For these reasons, it is possible to provide molding dies 1a and 1b capable of achieving high functionality.

3D printers (those that have the ability to arrange multiple resin materials with different physical properties and colors at predetermined positions) can be equipped with up to six ink cartridges that store and supply resin materials. It is possible to jet the resin material at the same time. Therefore, the resin materials necessary for manufacturing the molding dies 1a and 1b can be arranged as an integrally molded article (one lump) that does not require a connecting member, and the molding dies 1a and 1b can be manufactured in a single printing operation.

As in the embodiment of the present invention, by changing the hardness of each section of the molds 1a and 1b, it is possible to more realistically produce the molding part of the organ model such as the human liver. Since the human liver is not an artificial object, strictly speaking, the hardness of each part should be different. put away. It is the embodiment of the present invention that makes it possible to realize such a delicate texture of the human liver with an organ model.

The resin material of the edge portions 233a and 233b is usually formed by attaching rubber or the like to predetermined portions of the mold when the mold is used instead of the molding molds 1a and 1b. The rubber or the like attached to this mold is usually very easy to peel off. However, since the molds 1a and 1b are integrally molded objects, the edges 233a and 233b are extremely difficult to peel off.

An organ model such as a human liver according to the embodiment of the present invention is subjected to an inspection or the like when practicing PTC (percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography) or PTCD (percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography). It is useful because it can be done. This organ model can also be used for simulations using ultrasonic medical equipment. For example, by changing the hardness and surface friction coefficient of veins and portal veins, it is possible to determine the site by the feel of a medical device used by a trainee. Beneficial. In addition, in the case of endoscopic surgery, which is often used in recent surgeries, a camera is inserted through a small hole in the chest and the operation is performed while viewing the screen. At this time, in the same process as the manufacturing process of the blood vessel 52 according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to produce contents that are close to the hardness or friction coefficient of the actual organ in addition to the information from the screen.

(other forms)
The method of manufacturing the mold according to the embodiment of the present invention described above is an example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but it is not limited to this, and various modifications can be made without changing the gist of the present invention. is possible.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the molding 30 is a human liver organ model. However, other organ models may be used, such as human kidney or heart organ models. Moreover, it is good also as an organ model of an animal. Furthermore, the molding 30 may be a so-called medical model such as human skin, eyeball, or brain. "Medical care" in this medical model includes not only surgery and the like, but also dentistry, plastic surgery, cosmetic surgery and the like. Furthermore, it may be a molding 30 in a field completely unrelated to medicine, such as a doll. For example, the molding 30 may be an earthworm (worm) used as a lure for fishing. If the worms are made of agar or the like, even if they are discarded, there is little adverse effect on the natural environment.

A mixture of water and agar was used as the molding material, and the mixing ratio was 20 g of powdery agar to 1000 g of water. However, the mixed and dissolved solution concentrations can be varied as appropriate. For example, the water content is increased when the molded product is desired to be softened, and the water content is decreased when the molded product is desired to be hardened. Also, gels other than agar can be used. Furthermore, a molding material other than gel, such as a resin material, can be used as the molding material.

Moreover, the organ model has translucency. However, the color of the organ model can be any color. For example, it can be the same color as the organ. Also, the blood vessel 52, which is a hard portion, may have a portion with a color different from that of the molding 30. FIG. Also, for example, by mixing food coloring into the molding material, the organ model can be colored. Also, the surface of the organ model can be colored after molding.

In the embodiment of the present invention, 3D CAD data of the human liver is obtained by scanning the human liver with a 3D scanner. However, the three-dimensional CAD data of the molding 30 does not necessarily have to be obtained by a three-dimensional scanner, and may be obtained by operating a three-dimensional CAD, for example.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the blood vessel 52 is the portion to be highlighted in the organ model of the human liver. However, the portion to be highlighted in the organ model is not limited to the blood vessel 52, and can be the tumor 11c portion, as shown in FIG. 5, for example. Since the tumor 11c portion is hard even in the human liver, a human liver organ model in which the tumor 11c portion is hardened and the other portions are soft is a more realistic organ model. Also, such organ models can be used to practice lumpectomy surgery. In addition, in the molding 30, an imitation of a living tissue including an organ or the like may be partially or wholly embedded. This biological tissue shall include any one or more selected from tumor, calculus, tooth, and tartar. Here, the living tissue may be modeled using a 3D printer, or may be molded using a mold.

The biological tissue may be a part or the whole of the human body or animal body. Any one or more selected from small intestine, large intestine, gallbladder, liver, kidney, pancreas, esophagus, duodenum, adrenal gland, testis, bladder, uterus, breast, muscle, artery, vein, lymph, spinal cord, bone, nail, and skin. You can Furthermore, not only normal cells but also abnormal cells such as tumors may be formed and modeled.

In addition, the term “simulation of living tissue” includes those that are intentionally different from the actual shape or texture of living tissue. For example, if there is a blood vessel 52 and a vein in the liver, which has not been described in the embodiment of the present invention, the hardness of the artery 52a and the vein will change when a doctor applies a medical treatment instrument such as an injection needle. , the application to the artery 52a or to the vein may be different so that the touch can be perceived. This ``simulation of living tissue'', which gives a different feel when touched by a medical treatment instrument, is very useful for trainees when they practice surgery or the like. The 3D printer used in the present embodiment is suitable for the modeling of such “things that imitate living tissue” with different hardness.

The molding 30 different from the non-biological tissue imitates a biological tissue, or the surgical material includes a surgical material such as an implant (for example, a titanium plate or a titanium screw, a metal plate or a metal screw, an artificial valve, an artificial bones, calcium or calcium compounds, intravenous needles, plastic tubes, etc.). Surgical materials also include artificial substances (gauze, bullets, injection needles, etc.) that may unintentionally remain in the body, which are the objects of surgical excision.

The blood vessel 52 according to the embodiment of the present invention is made of a resin material and is modeled by a 3D printer. However, the blood vessel 52 may be made of a material other than a resin material, such as glass, or may be obtained by a method other than a 3D printer, such as injection molding, compression molding, or extrusion molding. In addition, the blood vessel 52 has a part of the modeled article or the second molded article, and a part or all of the part of the modeled article or the second molded article is placed in the mold during molding, and the molded article It may be molded together with 30 and embedded in the molding 30 . Here, the “modeled article or second molded article” may be equivalent in softness to the molded article 30 or softer than the molded article 30 . Among the "modeled article or second molded article", the modeled article is formed by, for example, a three-dimensional printer or the like, and the second molded article is formed by, for example, a mold. In addition, since the biological tissue such as the blood vessel 52 can be made of hollow rubber and is as soft as a marshmallow or an earlobe, it can be modeled by a 3D printer. In addition, by inserting a soft gel such as the molding 30 into the hollow of the molding that imitates such a hollow rubber foot, the foot has pus (made of gel). It is possible to create something close to the original, and to practice its treatment. Also, the molded article 30 can be made without the molded article such as the blood vessel 52 or the like.

Molds 1a and 1b may be partially or wholly made of a transparent resin material. By using a transparent resin material, it is possible to visualize how the organ model is molded. In addition, the molds 1a and 1b can be changed in the process of manufacturing, for example, the flow rate of the ultraviolet curable resin material and the curing speed of the material depending on the thermal conductivity, so that the hardness of the molds 1a and 1b can be changed. can. Furthermore, it is also possible to adjust the adhesion with the material of the molding 30, that is, the gel material.

A hard portion such as the blood vessel 52 may be modeled or molded by a method other than a 3D printer, but the advantage of using a 3D printer is great. For example, by combining an ultraviolet curable resin material, which is a modeling material for a 3D printer, with an inkjet 3D printer, it is possible to model materials with different physical properties in one operation. For example, even for one modeled object, it is possible to change the color, hardness, or coefficient of friction of the surface depending on the part. As for colors, more than 500,000 colors can be set. Furthermore, a hollow shape can be realized for hard portions such as blood vessels 52 and the like.

Molding molds 1a and 1b form resin material layers by repeating the operation of forming a photocurable resin material such as an ultraviolet curable resin material layer by layer and curing the resin material by irradiating the resin material with ultraviolet rays each time. The three-dimensional shape is printed, that is, it is shaped. However, the molding dies 1a and 1b are not limited to those made of such a resin material. After that, after firing the resin material and sintering the metal powder, a metal mold can be made and used.

In the embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of resin materials with different physical properties are combined for molding molds 1a and 1b formed using a 3D printer, and one selected from thermal conductivity, surface roughness, hardness, or elasticity The above was adjusted for each site. In addition, however, one or more selected from color, surface roughness, water absorption, surface temperature, impact resistance, viscosity, and adhesion may be adjusted.

In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, one or more selected from gel fluidity, curing speed, and surface roughness are adjusted depending on the site. However, in addition to this, the water content and the like may be adjusted.

In this embodiment, when arranging the resin material of the molding dies 1a and 1b, a plurality of compartments are set in which each part is partitioned by a three-dimensional shape (S5). A plurality of partitions are set (S22). However, when arranging a plurality of types of resin materials on a modeled object, if there is a method other than setting a plurality of sections partitioned by a three-dimensional shape, that method may be adopted.

In this embodiment, for example, it is possible to change the hardness of a portion of an organ model that should not be cut with a scalpel or the like and that of a portion that may be cut. This is because the 3D printer used in the present embodiment has a function of arranging a plurality of resin materials having different physical properties including hardness at predetermined positions. For example, if a vein should never be cut during an operation, an organ model is created in which only the vein is stiffer than other parts. Then, when the scalpel or the like hits the vein during the operation, the surgeon feels a "hardness" through the scalpel or the like, making the organ model suitable for surgical practice.

FIG. 10 is a modification of this embodiment, showing a blood vessel 52 of a liver organ model. is exposed. It was difficult to create such a device in a conventional organ model, but the 3D printer according to this embodiment has a function that allows a plurality of resin materials of different colors to be arranged at predetermined positions. Since it has, such a device can be easily made. With such a mechanism, the surgeon can be made aware of the fact that the thin blood vessel portion 52b is accidentally cut with a scalpel or the like. It should be noted that such a mechanism for exposing the blood-colored cross section 55 may be applied to the thick trunk 52a portion of the blood vessel 52. FIG.

1a, 1b mold

Claims (2)

A method for manufacturing a mold, comprising a step of using a 3D printer to combine a plurality of resin materials with different physical properties or colors to create a mold with surface roughness adjusted for each part. The molding die is set with a plurality of compartments in which each part is divided by a three-dimensional shape,
2. The method of manufacturing a mold according to claim 1, wherein said resin material is arranged for each of said sections.

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