JP7227816B2 - Duct device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a duct system.

Following the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, public awareness of nuclear disaster prevention has improved. Currently, countermeasures such as compliance with new regulatory standards are underway, but it is assumed that citizens around the municipalities where the nuclear power plants are located are vaguely worried. Recently, the number of detached houses, condominiums, and other buildings with improved airtightness is increasing, so in the unlikely event of a nuclear disaster, the realization of a filter system that can reduce indoor radiation exposure. is expected.

JP 2006-098031 A

General ventilation equipment (see, for example, Patent Document 1) exhausts indoor air and takes in outdoor air as it is, and has a function as a filter for radioactive substances contained in outdoor air. It is difficult to avoid the problem of internal exposure because they have not been exposed to radiation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a duct system capable of reducing radiation exposure indoors.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following means.

(1) A duct device according to an aspect of the present invention comprises a duct body having a first indoor-side opening and a second indoor-side opening that open indoors and an outdoor communication port that communicates with the outdoors, and an internal space of the duct body. , a first flow path communicating with the first indoor side opening and the second indoor side opening, and a second flow path communicating with the outdoor communication port. A partition portion having a first inter-channel opening and a second inter-channel opening, a fan provided in the first channel, a filter for removing radioactive substances provided in the second channel, and the first channel A first state in which the first flow path and the second flow path are communicated by opening the inter-path opening and the first indoor-side opening is closed, and a first state in which the first inter-path opening is closed and the A first switching unit for switching between a second state in which the first indoor side opening is open, and a third state in which the second indoor side opening is opened so that the indoor and the first flow path are communicated through the second indoor side opening. and a second switching unit that switches between a fourth state in which the first flow path and the second flow path are communicated through the second inter-flow path opening by closing the second indoor side opening , Normally, the first switching unit is set to the first state and the second switching unit is set to the third state to exhaust indoor air to the outside, and when an accident occurs, the first switching unit is set to the above By setting the second state and setting the second switching unit to the fourth state, outdoor air is supplied indoors in a state in which radioactive substances have been removed by the filter.

(2) In the duct device described in (1) above, the first switching section includes a first rod-shaped member provided on the boundary between the first flow path and the second flow path, and the first rod-shaped member. a first plate-shaped member having a side surface fixed to the first rod-shaped member so as to rotate as an axis, wherein the first indoor side opening and the first inter-channel opening are arranged in the first plate-shaped member; It may be provided on the rotation track of the member.

(3) In the duct device according to any one of (1) and (2) above, the second switching section includes a second rod-shaped member provided on the boundary between the first flow path and the second flow path. and a second plate-shaped member whose side surface is fixed to the second rod-shaped member so as to rotate around the second rod-shaped member, and between the second indoor side opening and the second flow path An opening may be provided on the rotation track of the second plate member.

The duct device of the present invention includes a flow path with a filter installed and a flow path without a filter installed, and one of the two flow paths is communicated with the interior while the other is blocked from the interior. is configured so that Therefore, in the duct device of the present invention, the channel without the filter installed can be communicated with the interior at normal times, and the channel with the filter installed can be communicated with the interior when an accident occurs. The air at the time of the accident passes through the filter and is taken indoors in a state in which radioactive substances have been removed, so it is possible to reduce indoor radiation exposure.

1 is a cross-sectional view of the duct device according to the first embodiment of the present invention during normal operation; FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the duct device according to the first embodiment of the present invention when an accident occurs; FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the duct device according to the second embodiment of the present invention at normal times; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the duct device according to the second embodiment of the present invention when an accident occurs;

A duct device according to an embodiment to which the present invention is applied will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. In addition, in the drawings used in the following explanation, in order to make the features easier to understand, the characteristic portions may be enlarged for convenience, and the dimensional ratios of each component may not necessarily be the same as the actual ones. do not have. Also, the materials, dimensions, and the like exemplified in the following description are examples, and the present invention is not limited to them, and can be implemented with appropriate modifications within the scope of the invention.

<First embodiment>
1 and 2 are sectional views of a duct system 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention and a building 10 to which the duct system 100 is installed. The outer frame of building 10 is mainly composed of walls 11 , roof 12 and floor 13 . FIG. 1 shows a normal state in which no accident has occurred, and FIG. 2 corresponds to the state when an accident occurs (when a nuclear disaster occurs). Note that the duct device 100 may be mounted in a rotated state with respect to an arbitrary axis orthogonal to the wall 11 .

The duct device 100 mainly includes a duct body 101 , a partition section 102 , a fan 103 , a filter 104 for removing radioactive substances, a first switching section 105 and a second switching section 106 .

The duct body 101 has a first indoor side opening 107 and a second indoor side opening 108 that open to the inside (hereinafter referred to as indoor) 10a of the wall of the building 10, and an outer side (hereinafter referred to as outdoor) 10b of the building wall. It has an outdoor communication port 109 that communicates with it. The outdoor communication port 109 means a portion that communicates between the opening (opening between the first passages) 102a of the partition and the opening 101a of the duct body 101 on the wall 11 side.

The internal space of the duct body 101 is defined by a partition (wall) 102, which connects the first indoor side opening 107 and the second indoor side opening 108, and also connects the outdoor communication opening 109 and the second indoor side opening 108. The channel 110 and the second channel 111 connected to the first channel 110 via the outdoor communication port 109 are partitioned so as to be separated. The partition part 102 has, on the side opposite to the outdoor communication port 109, a second inter-channel opening 112 that allows the first channel 110 and the second channel 111 to communicate with each other.

Fan 103 is provided in first channel 110 . During exhaustion, the fan 103 is driven so that air is blown along the first flow path 110 in the forward direction D from the second indoor side opening 108 toward the outdoor communication port 109 .

Although the case where the fan 103 is arranged in the center of the first flow path 110 is illustrated here, the arrangement of the fan 103 is not limited. If the first flow path 110 is wide, the number of fans 103 to be arranged may be increased within a range that does not interfere with air blowing.

The filter 104 is provided inside the second flow path 111 so as to close the cross section of the second flow path 111 . All the air flowing through the second flow path 111 passes through this filter 104 . Since the filter 104 has a function of capturing radioactive substances such as iodine, the air passing through the filter 104 has a reduced content of radioactive substances.

The first switching portion 105 includes a first rod-shaped member 105a and a first plate-shaped member 105b. The first rod-shaped member 105 a is provided on the boundary between the first flow path 110 and the second flow path 111 on the downstream side of the air blown in the forward direction D by the fan 103 . The first plate-shaped member 105b has its side surface fixed to the first rod-shaped member 105a so as to rotate around the first rod-shaped member 105a.

The first indoor side opening 107 and the outdoor communication port 109 are provided on the rotation track of the first plate member 105b. Therefore, by rotating the first plate member 105b, the first indoor opening 107 or the first inter-channel opening 102a can be closed. While one of the first indoor opening 107 and the first inter-channel opening 102a is closed, the other is open. That is, the first inter-channel opening 102a is opened and the first indoor-side opening 107 is closed with respect to the first channel 110, and the first inter-channel opening 102a is closed and the first indoor-side opening 107 is closed. It has a structure that can switch between an open state and an open state. In this specification, the term “occlusion” includes not only a state in which the air is tightly closed and does not allow air to pass through, but also a state in which it is lightly closed to the extent that it can be visually determined to be closed and allows some air to pass through. .

The second switching portion 106 includes a second rod-shaped member 106a and a second plate-shaped member 106b. The second rod-shaped member 106 a is provided on the boundary between the first flow path 110 and the second flow path 111 on the upstream side of the air blown in the forward direction D by the fan 103 . The second plate-shaped member 106b has its side surface fixed to the second rod-shaped member 106a so as to rotate about the second rod-shaped member 106a.

The second indoor side opening 108 and the second passage opening 112 are provided on the rotation track of the second plate member 106a. Therefore, the second indoor side opening 108 can be opened and closed by rotating the second plate member 106b. That is, the second switching section 106 has a structure capable of switching between the open state and the closed state of the second indoor side opening 108 with respect to the first flow path 110 . In one example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the second switching unit 106 opens the second indoor-side opening 108 to the first channel 110 and closes the second inter-channel opening 112. It may have a structure capable of switching between a state and a state in which the second indoor-side opening 108 is closed and the second inter-channel opening 112 is open.

In normal times when no accident occurs, as shown in FIG. 1, the first plate-like member 105b closes the first indoor-side opening 107 and opens the first inter-channel opening 102a. Also, the second plate member 106b opens the second indoor side opening 108. As shown in FIG.

By driving the fan 103 in the forward direction D shown in FIG. exhausted to the outdoors 10b.

On the other hand, when an accident occurs, as shown in FIG. 2, the first plate-like member 105b closes the first inter-channel opening 102a and opens the first indoor-side opening 107, and the second plate-like member 106b closes the second indoor side opening 108 .

In this state, by driving the fan 103 in the forward direction D shown in FIG. Air is supplied from the first indoor side opening 107 to the indoor 10a through the opening 112 between the two passages and the first passage 110 in this order. The air of the outdoor 10b passing through the second flow path 111 will pass through the filter 104, and at that time, radioactive substances will be removed from this air, so it will then pass through the first flow path 110 and enter the indoor 10a. The air will have a greatly reduced content of radioactive substances.

As described above, the duct device 100 according to the present embodiment includes a flow path in which the filter 104 is installed and a flow path in which the filter 104 is not installed. can be closed indoors. Therefore, in the duct device 100 of the present embodiment, the flow path in which the filter 104 is not installed is normally communicated with the indoor 10a, and when an accident occurs, the flow path in which the filter 104 is installed is communicated with the indoor 10a. can be done. The air at the time of the accident passes through the filter 104 and is taken indoors from which radioactive substances have been removed, thereby reducing radiation exposure in the indoors 10a.

<Second embodiment>
3 and 4 are cross-sectional views of a duct device 200 according to a second embodiment of the present invention and a building 20 to which the duct device 200 is attached. In this embodiment, the configurations of the first switching portion 105 and the second switching portion 106 are different from those of the duct device 100 of the first embodiment. Other configurations are the same as those of the duct system 100, and corresponding portions are indicated by the same reference numerals regardless of the difference in shape.

In the present embodiment, since the first indoor opening 107 and the first inter-channel opening 102a are separated from each other, the first switching unit 105 is used to open and close the first indoor-side opening 107 and the first inter-channel opening. 102a for opening and closing, and are spaced apart from each other.

The first switching portion 105 installed for opening and closing the first indoor side opening 107 includes a first rod-shaped member 105c and a first plate-shaped member 105d. The first rod-shaped member 105c is provided on the side wall of the duct main body 101 on the downstream side of the airflow in the forward direction D by the fan 103 . The first plate-shaped member 105d has its side surface fixed to the first rod-shaped member 105c so as to rotate around the first rod-shaped member 105c.

The first switching portion 105 installed for opening and closing the first inter-channel opening 102a includes a first rod-shaped member 105e and a first plate-shaped member 105f. The first rod-shaped member 105 e is provided in the partition section 102 on the downstream side of the forward direction D air blown by the fan 103 . The first plate-shaped member 105f has a side surface fixed to the first rod-shaped member 105e so as to rotate about the first rod-shaped member 105e.

The first indoor side opening 107 is provided on the rotation track of the first plate member 105d, and the first indoor side opening 107 can be closed by rotating the first plate member 105d. The first inter-channel opening 102a is provided on the rotational orbit of the first plate-shaped member 105f, and the first inter-channel opening 102a can be closed by rotating the first plate-shaped member 105f. By separately controlling the two first switching units 105, one of the first indoor-side opening 107 and the first inter-channel opening 102a can be opened and the other can be closed.

The second switching unit 106 of the present embodiment is installed on the side wall of the duct main body 101 so that the upstream side of the air blown in the forward direction D by the fan 103 is opened and closed. The second switching portion 106 includes a second rod-shaped member 106a and a second plate-shaped member 106b. The second indoor side opening 108 is provided on the rotation track of the second plate member 106b, and the second indoor side opening 108 can be closed by rotating the second plate member 106b.

In normal times when no accident has occurred, as shown in FIG. In addition, the second flow path 111 is closed, and the second plate member 106b opens the second indoor side opening 108. As shown in FIG.

By driving the fan 103 in the forward direction D shown in FIG. exhausted to the outdoors 10b.

On the other hand, when an accident occurs, as shown in FIG. 4, the first plate-like member 105d opens the first indoor-side opening 107, the first plate-like member 105f closes the first inter-channel opening 102a, and the second The channel 111 is opened, and the second plate member 106b closes the second indoor opening 108. FIG.

In this state, by driving the fan 103 in the forward direction D shown in FIG. Air is supplied from the first indoor side opening 107 to the indoor 10a through the opening 112 between the two passages and the first passage 110 in this order. The air of the outdoor 10b passing through the second flow path 111 will pass through the filter 104, and at that time, radioactive substances will be removed from this air, so it will then pass through the first flow path 110 and enter the indoor 10a. The air will have a reduced content of radioactive substances.

As described above, the duct device 200 according to the present embodiment can also supply and exhaust air in the same manner as the duct device 100 according to the first embodiment, thereby reducing radiation exposure in the indoor 10a due to the air when an accident occurs. be able to.

In the above-described embodiment, the case where the switching section is composed of a rod-shaped member and a plate-shaped member is illustrated, but the switching section may have other configurations. For example, each opening may be configured to be opened and closed by attaching and detaching a lid, or a shutter may be provided at each opening to be opened and closed.

Reference Signs List 100, 200 Duct device 101 Duct main body 101a Duct main body opening 102 Partitioning portion 102a First passage opening 103 Fan 104 Filter 105 First switching portions 105a, 105c, 105e Rod-shaped members 105b, 105d, 105f Plate-shaped member 106 Second switching portion 106a Rod-shaped member 106b Plate-shaped member 107 - First indoor side opening 108...Second indoor side opening 109...Outdoor communication port 110...First channel 111...Second channel 112...Second channel openings 10, 20 Building 10a Indoor 10b Outdoor 11 Wall 12 Roof 13 Floor D Forward direction

Claims (3)

a duct body having a first indoor-side opening and a second indoor-side opening that open indoors, and an outdoor communication port that communicates with the outdoors;
The internal space of the duct body is partitioned into a first channel communicating with the first indoor side opening and the second indoor side opening, and a second channel communicating with the outdoor communication port, wherein the first channel and the a partition portion having a first inter-channel opening and a second inter-channel opening that communicate with the second channel;
a fan provided in the first flow path;
a filter for removing radioactive substances provided in the second channel;
A first state in which the first inter-channel opening is opened so that the first channel and the second channel are communicated and the first indoor side opening is closed, and the first inter-channel opening is closed. and a first switching unit that switches between a second state in which the first indoor side opening is opened;
A third state in which the second indoor side opening is opened to allow communication between the indoor space and the first flow path through the second indoor side opening , and the opening between the second flow paths is closed by closing the second indoor side opening. a second switching unit that switches between a fourth state in which the first channel and the second channel are communicated through
Normally, by setting the first switching unit to the first state and setting the second switching unit to the third state, indoor air is exhausted to the outside,
When an accident occurs, the first switching unit is set to the second state and the second switching unit is set to the fourth state, so that the outdoor air is supplied indoors in a state in which radioactive substances have been removed by the filter. A duct device characterized by: The first switching unit
a first rod-shaped member provided on the boundary between the first channel and the second channel;
a first plate-shaped member having a side surface fixed to the first rod-shaped member so as to rotate about the first rod-shaped member;
2. The duct device according to claim 1, wherein the first indoor-side opening and the first inter-channel opening are provided on the rotation track of the first plate member. The second switching unit is
a second rod-shaped member provided on the boundary between the first channel and the second channel;
a second plate-shaped member having a side surface fixed to the second rod-shaped member so as to rotate about the second rod-shaped member;
3. The duct device according to claim 1, wherein the second indoor-side opening and the second inter-channel opening are provided on the rotation track of the second plate member.

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