JP7205358B2 - Rotating electric machine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an axial gap type rotating electric machine.

In recent years, there has been a demand for improving the output density (output per unit weight) of rotating electric machines. Axial gap motors are flatter than radial gap motors, and it is easy to increase the number of combinations of magnetic fields and rotors and improve output density. In addition, when steel sheets laminated in the axial direction of the motor are used as the stator core, there is a feature that the flow of magnetic flux is perpendicular to the steel sheet surface.

Techniques related to the axial gap type rotary electric machine are disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 13 below.
Patent Literature 1 discloses a technique of an axial gap motor in which two sets of magnets are arranged on both sides of a rotor sandwiched between stators. Patent Document 2 discloses a technique of an axial gap motor in which a set of embedded magnets is arranged in a rotor sandwiched between stators.

Patent Literature 3 discloses a technology of an axial gap motor having a long body length, in which a pair of magnets are arranged so as to be attached to a rotor sandwiched between stators, and two stators are installed in the axial direction. Patent Document 4 discloses an outer rotor type axial gap in which two sets of rotors having magnetic bodies such as dust cores as magnets and a stator sandwiched between the rotors and having two sets of windings are arranged. Motor technology is disclosed.

Patent Document 5 discloses a technique of an axial gap motor having a structure in which a stator having a wound core formed by winding an amorphous metal as a stator core is arranged and sandwiched between two rotors each having a pair of magnets arranged therein. disclosed. Patent Literature 6 discloses a technique of an axial gap motor having a structure in which a stator having an iron powder core is sandwiched between two rotors each having a pair of magnets. Patent Document 7 discloses, as an axial gap motor generator for high-speed rotation, a structure in which a magnet is embedded in a rotor, which is reinforced, and a stator with windings on both sides is arranged.
Further, Patent Document 8, Patent Document 9, Patent Document 10, and Patent Document 11 disclose techniques for improving the controllability of the axial gap motor.
Patent Documents 12 and 13 each disclose a technique for improving the structure of the stator of the axial gap motor to improve efficiency and a technique for improving mechanical characteristics.

JP 2017-225222 A JP 2018-33281 A JP 2016-77067 A JP 2013-31242 A JP 2009-284578 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-110372 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-512003 JP 2013-90487 A JP 2013-85323 A JP 2012-44737 A JP 2011-172355 A JP 2008-278623 A JP 2008-251672 A

Written by Kenji Tanaka, "The Present and Future of Electric Vehicle Technology", Proceedings of the Electronics Packaging Academic Conference, The Institute of Electronics Packaging, Published: July 17, 2014

However, the techniques of Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, Patent Document 5, Patent Document 6, and Patent Document 7 have a structure in which a single stator is arranged with magnetic bodies or magnets on both sides thereof, and high output density is achieved. has challenges.
Further, in the techniques of Patent Documents 3 and 4, the stator sandwiched between the two rotors has two sets of coils arranged in the axial direction, so that the axial gap motor is characterized by being flat in the axial direction. can not be fully utilized, and miniaturization is disadvantageous. Therefore, there is a problem in increasing the output density.

In addition, the technique of Patent Document 5 has a problem in that an amorphous iron core is used, and the operating magnetic flux density resulting from the fact that the saturation magnetic flux density is low decreases, and the output density of the motor decreases.
In addition, the techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 8, 9, 10, and 11 all have a problem in terms of cost because the structure is complicated and processing is difficult. In particular, the technique disclosed in Patent Document 10 has a problem in terms of service life because there is a sliding portion inside the rotating electric machine.
In addition, the techniques of Patent Documents 11 and 12 have problems in terms of cost, such as the complicated structure of the stator and the difficulty of machining.
As described above, the conventional technology has the problem that it is not easy to improve the output density of the axial gap type rotating electric machine.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an axial gap type rotating electrical machine capable of realizing a high output density.

The rotary electric machine of the present invention has a first permanent magnet group made up of a plurality of permanent magnets arranged on one side in the axial direction, and a second permanent magnet group made up of a plurality of permanent magnets arranged on the other side in the axial direction. a rotor core magnetically coupled with the first permanent magnet group and the second permanent magnet group; and the first permanent magnet group and a predetermined distance in the axial direction. and a stator on the other side arranged with a predetermined distance from the second permanent magnet group in the axial direction, wherein the stator on the one side is , a stator core having a plurality of teeth arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, and three coils wound around the plurality of teeth, each of which is applied with a three-phase AC voltage 3 and an exciting coil group having two coils, wherein the other side stator includes a stator core having a plurality of teeth arranged at intervals in a circumferential direction, and a stator core wound around the plurality of teeth. and an exciting coil group having three coils to which a three-phase AC voltage is applied, respectively, wherein the plurality of permanent magnets of the first permanent magnet group are arranged in the second With respect to the positions of the plurality of permanent magnets of the permanent magnet group, the permanent magnets are arranged in a state shifted by a first angle in the circumferential direction with respect to the second permanent magnet group, and the excitation coil group of the one-side stator It is characterized in that the phase of the applied three-phase AC voltage is shifted from the phase of the three-phase AC voltage applied to the excitation coil group of the other stator by a second angle.

Advantageous Effects of Invention According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an axial gap type rotating electric machine capable of achieving high power density.

It is a figure which shows the 1st example of a structure of a rotary electric machine. It is a figure which shows an example of a structure of an upper side stator and a lower side stator. It is a figure which shows an example of the cross section of an upper side stator and a lower side stator. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of waveforms of three-phase AC voltages applied to an exciting coil group; It is a figure which shows an example of a structure of a rotor. It is a figure which shows an example of the cross section of a rotor. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a second example of the configuration of a rotating electric machine; It is a figure which shows an example of a structure of a rotor core. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a third example of the configuration of a rotating electric machine; It is a figure which shows an example of a structure of an upper stator, an intermediate stator, and a lower stator. It is a figure which shows an example of the cross section of an upper stator, an intermediate stator, and a lower stator. It is a figure which shows an example of a structure of the rotor arrange|positioned above. It is a figure which shows an example of a structure of the rotor arrange|positioned below. It is a figure which shows an example of the positional relationship of the rotor arrange|positioned at the upper side and the rotor arrange|positioned at the lower side. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a fourth example of the configuration of the rotating electric machine;

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following embodiments, a case where the rotary electric machine is an axial gap electric motor (axial gap motor) will be described as an example. The XYZ coordinates shown in each figure indicate the orientation relationship in each figure, and the origin of the XYZ coordinates is not necessarily the position shown in each figure. Further, the same physical quantity, positional relationship, etc. includes not only completely the same but also substantially the same. For example, within design tolerances, they are substantially the same.

(First embodiment)
First, the first embodiment will be explained.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a rotating electrical machine 100. As shown in FIG. In FIG. 1 , rotating electric machine 100 has upper stator 110 (stator), lower stator 120 , rotor 130 (rotor), and housing 140 .

First, an example of the configuration of upper stator 110 and lower stator 120 will be described.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of upper stator 110 and lower stator 120. As shown in FIG. FIG. 2 is a view of only the upper stator 110 and lower stator 120 portions viewed from the positive direction of the Z-axis to the negative direction of the Z-axis. In FIG. 2 , the transparent portion (lower stator 120) is indicated by a broken line. Also, in FIG. 2, the solid line and the dashed line are shown at different positions for convenience of notation, but the solid line and the dashed line actually overlap each other. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a cross section of upper stator 110 and lower stator 120. As shown in FIG. Specifically, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line II of FIG. For convenience of notation, FIG. 3 shows only the parts necessary for explanation.

2 and 3 , upper stator 110 has stator core 210 and exciting coil group 220 . Lower stator 120 has a stator core 230 and an exciting coil group 240 . The upper stator 110 and the lower stator 120 differ only in orientation and are realized with the same configuration.

Stator core 210 has a back yoke portion 211 and teeth portions 212a to 212h.
The back yoke portion 211 has an annular shape. A through hole is formed in the central portion of the back yoke portion 211 so as to penetrate in the axial direction (the Z-axis direction) of the rotating electric machine 100 . In the following description, the axial direction of the rotary electric machine 100 is abbreviated as the axial direction as necessary. Bearings 151 and 152 are attached to the surface forming the through hole (the inner peripheral surface of the back yoke portion 211). A shaft 160 (rotating shaft) is inserted into this through hole, and the back yoke portion 211 is attached to the shaft 160 via bearings 151 and 152 (so as not to move even if the shaft 160 rotates).

The teeth portions 212a to 212h are arranged on the surface of the back yoke portion 211 on the rotor 130 side (negative direction side of the Z axis). Teeth portions 212 a to 212 h extend from back yoke portion 211 toward rotor 130 . Teeth portions 212a to 212h have the same shape and size, and are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of rotating electric machine 100. As shown in FIG. In the following description, the circumferential direction of the rotary electric machine 100 is abbreviated as the circumferential direction as necessary. Since the number of teeth portions 212a to 212h is eight, the teeth portions 212a to 212h are arranged at positions shifted by 45° in the circumferential direction.
The back yoke portion 211 and the tooth portions 212a to 212h are magnetically coupled. In this embodiment, a case where stator core 210 (back yoke portion 211 and teeth portions 212a to 212h) is a dust core will be described as an example. Therefore, the back yoke portion 211 and the tooth portions 212a to 212h are integrated (there is no boundary). However, it is not always necessary to do so, and the back yoke portion 211 and the teeth portions 212a to 212h may be separated and adhered so as to be magnetically coupled. In this case, the back yoke portion 211 and the tooth portions 212a to 212h can be constructed using, for example, an electromagnetic steel plate or an amorphous metal plate.

Exciting coil group 220 is wound around tooth portions 212a to 212h in a state in which insulation from stator core 210 is ensured. In this embodiment, the rotary electric machine 100 is driven by a three-phase alternating current. Three phases applied to exciting coil group 220 are assumed to be U phase, V phase, and W phase. In the present embodiment, the excitation coil group 220 has a U-phase coil to which a U-phase voltage is applied, a V-phase coil to which a V-phase voltage is applied, and a W-phase coil to which a W-phase voltage is applied. do. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of waveforms of three-phase AC voltages applied to the excitation coil groups 220 and 240. As shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, the values of the three-phase AC voltage are shown as relative values (values when the maximum value is 1). In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4A, the phase of the V-phase voltage 412 leads the phase of the U-phase voltage 411 by 120°, and the phase of the W-phase voltage 413 leads the phase of the V-phase voltage 412 by 120°. ° shall be advanced. The winding method of the excitation coil group 220 may be distributed winding or concentrated winding. Also, the U-phase voltage, the V-phase voltage, and the W-phase voltage may be phase voltages or line voltages.

Stator core 230 has a back yoke portion 231 and teeth portions 232a to 232h.
The back yoke portion 231 has an annular shape. A through hole penetrating in the axial direction (Z-axis direction) is formed in the central portion of the back yoke portion 231 . Bearings 153 and 154 are attached to the surface forming the through hole (the inner peripheral surface of the back yoke portion 231). A shaft 160 (rotating shaft) is inserted into this through hole, and the back yoke portion 231 is attached to the shaft 160 via bearings 153 and 154 (so as not to move even if the shaft 160 rotates).

The teeth portions 232a to 232h are arranged on the surface of the back yoke portion 231 on the rotor 130 side (positive direction side of the Z axis). Teeth portions 232 a to 232 h extend from back yoke portion 231 toward rotor 130 . Teeth portions 232a to 232h have the same shape and size, and are arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction. Since the number of teeth portions 232a to 232h is eight, the teeth portions 232a to 232h are arranged at positions shifted by 45° in the circumferential direction.

The back yoke portion 231 and the tooth portions 232a to 232h are magnetically coupled. In this embodiment, a case where stator core 230 (back yoke portion 231 and teeth portions 232a to 232h) is a dust core will be described as an example. Therefore, the back yoke portion 231 and the tooth portions 232a to 232h are integrated (there is no boundary). However, it is not always necessary to do so, and the back yoke portion 231 and the teeth portions 232a to 232h may be separated and adhered so as to be magnetically coupled. In this case, the back yoke portion 231 and the tooth portions 232a to 232h can be constructed using, for example, an electromagnetic steel plate or an amorphous metal plate.

As shown in FIG. 2( a ), the teeth portions 212 a and 232 a are arranged at overlapping positions when viewed along the axis (Z-axis) of the rotating electric machine 100 . Similarly, the teeth 212b and 232b, the teeth 212c and 232c, the teeth 212d and 232d, the teeth 212e and 232e, the teeth 212f and 232f, the teeth 212g and 232g, and the teeth 212h and 232h are each a rotary electric machine. They are arranged in overlapping positions when viewed along the axis of 100 (the Z-axis).

Exciting coil group 240 is wound around tooth portions 232a to 232h in a state in which insulation from stator core 230 is ensured. The winding method of the exciting coil group 240 may be distributed winding or concentrated winding (however, the winding method is the same as that of the exciting coil group 220). The three phases applied to the exciting coil group 240 are U' phase, V' phase, and W' phase. In this embodiment, the excitation coil group 240 includes a U'-phase coil to which a U'-phase voltage is applied, a V'-phase coil to which a V'-phase voltage is applied, and a W'-phase coil to which a W'-phase voltage is applied. and a coil. As shown in FIG. 4B, the phase of the V' phase voltage 422 leads the phase of the U' phase voltage 421 by 120°, and the phase of the W' phase voltage 423 leads the phase of the V' phase voltage 422 by 120°. Assume progress. The U'-phase voltage, V'-phase voltage, and W'-phase voltage may be phase voltages or line voltages.
Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4B, the phase of the U′-phase voltage 421 (applied to the exciting coil group 240) is the U-phase voltage 411 (applied to the exciting coil group 220). , the phase of the V-phase voltage 412 leads the phase of the V'-phase voltage 422 by 60°, and the phase of the W-phase voltage 413 leads the phase of the W'-phase voltage 423 by 60°.

As shown in FIG. 1, a U-phase voltage 411, a V-phase voltage 412, and a W-phase voltage 413 are applied by an excitation power supply 171 to the U-phase coil, the V-phase coil, and the W-phase coil, respectively. Also, the U'-phase voltage 421, the V'-phase voltage 422, and the W'-phase voltage 423 are applied to the U'-phase coil, the V'-phase coil, and the W'-phase coil by the excitation power supply 172, respectively. The excitation power sources 171 and 172 can be implemented by known power sources that output three-phase AC voltages. However, due to the fact that the price is falling, the structure for cooling is simplified due to the elimination of the tail current of the SiC semiconductor, the size can be reduced, and the control technology of the rotating electric machine by semiconductor , it is preferable to generate a three-phase AC voltage by inverter driving.

The housing 140 has a hollow cylindrical shape and is made of non-magnetic and non-conductive material. For example, shrink fitting, cold fitting, or the like is used to bring the outer peripheral surfaces of the back yoke portions 211 and 231 into close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the housing 140, so that the stator core 210 is attached to the housing 140 (when the rotor 130 rotates). fixed).

Next, an example of the configuration of the rotor 130 will be described. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the rotor 130. As shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a view of only the rotor 130 portion viewed from the positive direction to the negative direction of the Z-axis. In FIG. 5, the portion that can be seen through is indicated by a dashed line. Also, for convenience of notation, the arc-shaped solid line and the dashed line are shown at different positions, but in reality, the arc-shaped solid line and the arc-shaped solid line are located close to each other along the arc-shaped solid line. The dashed line overlaps with the arc-shaped solid line. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a cross section of the rotor 130. As shown in FIG. Specifically, FIG. 6(a) is a sectional view taken along line II in FIG. 5, FIG. 6(b) is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 5, and FIG. 6(c) is a sectional view taken along line III in FIG. -III sectional view. In FIG. 6, for convenience of notation, only the parts necessary for explanation are shown.

In FIG. 5, rotor 130 has rotor core 510, permanent magnets 520a-520h, and 530a-530h.
Rotor core 510 has an annular shape. A through hole is formed in the central portion of rotor core 510 so as to extend therethrough in the axial direction. Shaft 160 is inserted into this through-hole, and the surface forming this through-hole (the inner peripheral surface of rotor core 510) is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of shaft 160 (in a state of not being electrically and magnetically coupled). . Thereby, rotor core 510 (rotor 130 ) rotates together with shaft 160 .
Rotor core 510 is configured, for example, by laminating a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets having the same planar shape as rotor core 510 .

Permanent magnets 520a to 520h are fixed to the surface of rotor core 510 on the side of upper stator 110 (positive direction of the Z-axis) while being magnetically coupled to rotor core 510 . In this embodiment, the permanent magnets 520a-520h form the first permanent magnet group. The permanent magnets 520a to 520h have the same shape and size, and are evenly spaced in the circumferential direction. Since the number of permanent magnets 520a-520h is eight, the permanent magnets 520a-520h are arranged at positions shifted by 45° in the circumferential direction. As the rotor 130 rotates, the surfaces of the permanent magnets 520a-520h face the tip surfaces (magnetic pole surfaces) of the teeth portions 212a-212h of the upper stator 110 with a predetermined gap therebetween. In order to reduce the distribution of the magnetic flux between the rotor 130 and the teeth 212a-212h of the upper stator 110, the surfaces of the permanent magnets 520a-520h and the tip surfaces of the teeth 212a-212h are parallel (for example, to the axis). perpendicular to).

Permanent magnets 530a to 530h are fixed to the surface of rotor core 510 on the side of lower stator 120 (negative direction of the Z axis) while being magnetically coupled to rotor core 510 . In this embodiment, the permanent magnets 530a-530h are the second permanent magnet group. The permanent magnets 530a to 530h have the same shape and size, and are evenly spaced in the circumferential direction. Since the number of permanent magnets 530a to 530h is eight, the permanent magnets 530a to 530h are arranged at positions shifted by 45° in the circumferential direction. As the rotor 130 rotates, the surfaces of the permanent magnets 530a to 530h face the tip surfaces (magnetic pole surfaces) of the teeth portions 232a to 232h of the lower stator 120 with a predetermined gap therebetween. In order to reduce the distribution of the magnetic flux between the rotor 130 and the teeth 232a-232h of the second lower stator 120, the surfaces of the permanent magnets 530a-530h and the tip surfaces of the teeth 232a-232h are parallel ( for example, perpendicular to the axis).

Permanent magnets 520a to 520h are arranged at positions shifted from permanent magnets 530a to 530h by a first angle θ1 in the rotation direction of rotating electric machine 100 with respect to the positions of permanent magnets 530a to 530h. In this embodiment, the sign of the first angle θ1 is positive in the direction of rotation of the rotating electrical machine 100 and negative in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the rotating electrical machine 100 . The first angle θ1 is the three-phase AC voltage (U-phase voltage 411, V-phase voltage 412, and W-phase voltage 413) applied to the exciting coil group 220 of the upper stator 110 and the exciting coil group of the lower stator 120. 240 is determined based on the phase difference θ2 from the three-phase AC voltage (U′-phase voltage 421, V′-phase voltage 422, and W′-phase voltage 423) applied to 240 . In this embodiment, this phase difference θ2 is the second angle. That is, the rotary electric machine 100 is configured such that the phases of the three-phase AC voltages (the U-phase voltage 411, the V-phase voltage 412, and the W-phase voltage 413) applied to the excitation coil group 220 of the upper stator 110 and the excitation of the lower stator 120 The phases of the three-phase AC voltages (U'-phase voltage 421, V'-phase voltage 422, and W'-phase voltage 423) applied to coil group 240 are shifted by a second angle. Here, rotating electric machine 100 is assumed to rotate counterclockwise (in the direction of the white arrow line in FIG. 5) when viewed from the positive direction to the negative direction of the Z axis. The circumferential direction includes both the counterclockwise direction and the clockwise direction when the rotating electrical machine 100 is viewed from the positive direction to the negative direction of the Z axis. In the following description, the direction of rotation of the rotary electric machine 100 is abbreviated as the direction of rotation as necessary.

In this embodiment, the excitation coil group of the upper stator 110 with respect to the three-phase AC voltages (the U' phase voltage 421, the V' phase voltage 422, and the W' phase voltage 423) applied to the excitation coil group 240 of the lower stator 120 An angle that is the same (including the sign) as the phase difference θ2 of the three-phase AC voltages (the U-phase voltage 411, the V-phase voltage 412, and the W-phase voltage 413) applied to 220 is defined as a first angle θ1. Applied to exciting coil group 220 of upper stator 110 for three-phase AC voltage (U' phase voltage 421, V' phase voltage 422, and W' phase voltage 423) applied to exciting coil group 240 of lower stator 120 The phase difference θ2 between the three-phase AC voltages (U-phase voltage 411, V-phase voltage 412, and W-phase voltage 413) is the three-phase AC voltage (U′-phase voltage 421, V'-phase voltage 422, and W'-phase voltage 423) are applied to the excitation coil group 220 of the upper stator 110 when the phases of the three-phase AC voltages (U-phase voltage 411, V-phase voltage 423) are assumed to be 0°. voltage 412 and the phase of the W-phase voltage 413). The phase of the three-phase AC voltage (U-phase voltage 411, V-phase voltage 412, and W-phase voltage 413) applied to exciting coil group 220 of upper stator 110 is applied to exciting coil group 240 of lower stator 120. If it leads the phase of the three-phase AC voltage (U' phase voltage 421, V' phase voltage 422, and W' phase voltage 423), this phase difference θ2 (sign of) is positive; The phase difference θ2 (the sign of) becomes negative.

In this embodiment, the three-phase AC voltage (U-phase voltage 411, V-phase voltage 412, and W-phase voltage 413) applied to the exciting coil group 220 of the upper stator 110 is applied to the exciting coil group 240 of the lower stator 120. The phase leads the applied three-phase AC voltage (U'-phase voltage 421, V'-phase voltage 422, and W'-phase voltage 423) by 60°. Therefore, the permanent magnets 520a to 520h that deliver the magnetic flux to the upper stator 110 are shifted by +60° in the rotation direction from the permanent magnets 530a to 530h that deliver the magnetic flux to the lower stator 120. to be placed in

The permanent magnets 520a to 520h and 530a to 530h have the same shape and size, and are arranged at positions shifted by 45° in the circumferential direction. For this reason, arranging the permanent magnets 520a to 520h at positions shifted by +60° with respect to the permanent magnets 530a to 530h in the rotation direction means that the permanent magnets 520a to 520h are +15 degrees from the permanent magnets 530a to 530h. It is equivalent to arranging them at positions shifted by degrees (=60°-45°). Therefore, in FIG. 5, the first angle θ1 is +15°.

As described above, in the present embodiment, rotating electric machine 100 has permanent magnets 520a to 520h and 530a to 530h arranged on the upper side (positive direction side of the Z axis) and the lower side (negative direction side of the Z axis), respectively. rotor 130, and upper stator 110 and lower stator 120 arranged at positions opposed to the upper side and lower side of rotor 130 with a predetermined gap, respectively. In rotary electric machine 100, the phase of the excitation voltage applied to excitation coil group 220 of upper stator 110 and the phase of the excitation voltage applied to excitation coil group 240 of lower stator 120 are shifted, and permanent magnets 520a to 520h and 530a are shifted. 530h is shifted in the rotational direction according to the phase difference. Therefore, fluctuations in the waveform of the magnetic flux interlinking with the stator cores 210, 230 (teeth portions 212a to 212h, 232a to 232h) in each cycle are suppressed, and the torque ripple of the rotating electrical machine 100 can be reduced. Vibration can be suppressed. Therefore, the rotation speed of the rotating electric machine 100 can be increased (even if the rotation speed of the rotating electric machine 100 is increased, the influence of noise due to vibration can be reduced). As a result, the output density of the rotating electrical machine 100 can be improved without adopting a complicated configuration, and the size of the rotating electrical machine 100 can be reduced.

Further, in the present embodiment, the excitation coil group of the upper stator 110 with respect to the excitation voltages (the U' phase voltage 421, the V' phase voltage 422, and the W' phase voltage 423) applied to the excitation coil group 240 of the lower stator 120 The same angle as the phase difference θ2 of the excitation voltages (U-phase voltage 411, V-phase voltage 412, and W-phase voltage 413) applied to 220 is assumed to be a first angle θ1. Therefore, since the intervals between the peaks of the waveform of the exciting voltage can be made nearly uniform, cogging can be reduced and the rotor 130 can be rotated smoothly. By setting the first angle .theta.1 and the phase difference .theta.2 to +60.degree., the intervals between the peaks of the excitation voltage waveform can be made uniform, so cogging can be minimized. Therefore, it is most preferable to choose such a first angle θ1, but it is not necessary to do so. For example, an angle different from the phase difference θ2 can be set as the first angle θ1 as long as the cogging is within a range required by design. For example, the absolute value of the difference between the phase difference θ2 and the first angle θ1 can be 45° or less.

Further, in the present embodiment, the case where the axial direction is the vertical direction (the upper side is the one side and the lower side is the other side) was described as an example (in the present embodiment, the upper stator 110 is the one side stator). is an example, and the lower stator 120 becomes the other stator). However, the axial direction is not limited to the vertical direction. For example, the axial direction may be horizontal.

(Second embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment will be described. In the first embodiment, the case where the rotor core 510 is magnetically coupled on the upper side (positive direction side of the Z axis) and the lower side (negative direction side of the Z axis) has been described as an example. . On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the upper side (positive direction side of the Z axis) and the lower side (negative direction side of the Z axis) of the rotor core are not magnetically coupled. Thus, this embodiment differs from the first embodiment mainly in the configuration of the rotor core. Therefore, in the description of the present embodiment, the same parts as in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 6, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of rotating electric machine 700. As shown in FIG. A rotating electric machine 700 of the present embodiment replaces the rotor core 510 of the rotating electric machine 100 shown in FIG. 1 and the like with a rotor core 710 . FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of rotor core 710. As shown in FIG.
7 and 8, rotor core 710 has non-magnetic portion 711 and magnetic portions 712a and 712b.
The planar shape of the non-magnetic portion 711 and the magnetic portions 712a and 712b is the same as the planar shape of the rotor core 710, and a through-hole is formed in the central portion thereof so as to extend therethrough in the axial direction.
The non-magnetic portion 711 is made of a non-magnetic material such as non-magnetic stainless steel. The non-magnetic portion 711 is configured by, for example, molding a non-magnetic material to match the shape of the non-magnetic portion 711 . The magnetic portions 712a and 712b are made of a magnetic material. The magnetic portions 712a and 712b are configured, for example, by laminating a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets having the same planar shape as the magnetic portions 712a and 712b.
A magnetic portion 712 a is attached to one surface of the non-magnetic portion 711 , and a magnetic portion 712 b is attached to the other surface of the non-magnetic portion 711 . At this time, the edges of the plate surfaces of the nonmagnetic portion 711 and the magnetic portions 712a and 712b are aligned.

The shaft 160 is inserted into the through-hole of the rotor core 710 configured in this manner, and the surface forming the through-hole (the inner peripheral surface of the rotor core 710) is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 160 (electrically and magnetically). fixed).
Permanent magnets 520a to 520h are fixed to the surface of magnetic portion 712a of rotor core 710 while being magnetically coupled to magnetic portion 712a. Permanent magnets 530a to 530h are fixed to the surface of magnetic portion 712b of rotor core 710 while being magnetically coupled with magnetic portion 712b.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the magnetic materials (magnetic portions 712a and 712b) are arranged with the non-magnetic material (non-magnetic portion 711) interposed in the axial direction, and the non-magnetic material (non-magnetic portion 711) is arranged. The rotor core 710 is configured so that the interposed magnetic materials (magnetic portions 712a and 712b) are not magnetically coupled.
Permanent magnets 520a to 520h and 530a to 530h arranged in rotor core 710 have different positions in the rotational direction between the upper side (positive side of the Z axis) and the lower side (negative direction side of the Z axis). Therefore, magnetic fluxes having different time harmonics may be generated on the upper side (positive side of the Z-axis) and the lower side (negative side of the Z-axis) of rotor core 710 . In this case, if the upper side (positive side of the Z-axis) and the lower side (negative side of the Z-axis) are magnetically coupled in the rotor core, the magnetic fluxes may interfere with each other.

Therefore, in the rotor core, the upper side (positive side of the Z-axis) and the lower side (negative side of the Z-axis) are not magnetically coupled. By doing so, separate closed magnetic circuits can be configured on the upper side (positive direction side of the Z axis) and the lower side (negative direction side of the Z axis). That is, the closed magnetic circuit formed by the three-phase AC voltages (the U-phase voltage 411, the V-phase voltage 412, and the W-phase voltage 413) applied to the exciting coil group 220 of the upper stator 110 and the exciting coil of the lower stator 120 A closed magnetic circuit formed by the three-phase AC voltages (U'-phase voltage 421, V'-phase voltage 422, and W'-phase voltage 423) applied to the group 240 is not magnetically coupled. Thereby, the vibration of rotating electric machine 700 can be further reduced.

(Third Embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment will be described. In the first embodiment, the case where the number of rotors 130 is one has been described as an example. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, a case where a rotating electric machine has a plurality of rotors in the axial direction will be described as an example. As described above, the main difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is the configuration due to the difference in the number of rotors. Therefore, in the description of the present embodiment, the same parts as in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 6, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a rotating electric machine 900. As shown in FIG. In FIG. 9 , a rotating electric machine 900 has an upper stator 910 , an intermediate stator 920 , a lower stator 930 , rotors 940 and 950 and a housing 960 .
First, an example of the configuration of upper stator 910, intermediate stator 920, and lower stator 930 will be described.
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of upper stator 910, intermediate stator 920, and lower stator 930. As shown in FIG.
FIG. 10(a) is a view of only the upper stator 910 and the intermediate stator 920 as viewed from the positive direction of the Z-axis to the negative direction of the Z-axis. In FIG. 10(a), the see-through portion (intermediate stator 920) is indicated by a dashed line and a dashed line. Also, in FIG. 10A, the solid line, the dashed-dotted line, and the dashed line are shown at different positions for convenience of notation, but the solid line, the dashed-dotted line, and the dashed line actually overlap each other.

FIG. 10(b) is a view of only the intermediate stator 920 and the lower stator 930 as viewed from the positive direction of the Z-axis to the negative direction of the Z-axis. In FIG. 10(b), see-through portions (part of intermediate stator 920 and lower stator 930) are indicated by dashed lines and dashed lines. Also, in FIG. 10B, the solid line, the dashed-dotted line, and the dashed line are shown at different positions for convenience of notation, but the solid line, the dashed-dotted line, and the dashed line actually overlap each other.
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of a cross section of upper stator 910, intermediate stator 920, and lower stator 930. As shown in FIG. Specifically, FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line II of FIGS. 10(a) and 10(b). Note that FIG. 11 shows only parts necessary for explanation for convenience of notation.

10 and 11, upper stator 910 has stator core 1010 and exciting coil group 1020 . Lower stator 930 has stator core 1050 and exciting coil group 1060 . The upper stator 910 and the lower stator 930 differ only in orientation and are realized with the same configuration.

Stator core 1010 has a back yoke portion 1011 and teeth portions 1012a to 1012h. Bearings 971 and 972 are attached to the surfaces forming the through hole formed in the central portion of the back yoke portion 1011 (the inner peripheral surface of the back yoke portion 1011). A shaft 980 (rotating shaft) is inserted into this through hole, and the back yoke portion 1011 is attached to the shaft 980 via bearings 971 and 972 (so as not to move even if the shaft 980 rotates). As rotor 940 rotates, the surfaces of permanent magnets 1220a to 1220h of rotor 940 face the tip surfaces (magnetic pole surfaces) of teeth 1012a to 1012h of upper stator 910 with a predetermined gap.

Stator core 1050 has a back yoke portion 1051 and teeth portions 1052a to 1052h. Bearings 975 and 976 are attached to the surface forming the through hole formed in the central portion of the back yoke portion 1051 (the inner peripheral surface of the back yoke portion 1051). A shaft 980 (rotating shaft) is inserted into this through hole, and the back yoke portion 1011 is attached to the shaft 980 via bearings 975 and 976 (so as not to move even if the shaft 980 rotates). Further, as the rotor 950 rotates, the surfaces of the permanent magnets 1330a to 1330h of the rotor 950 face the tip surfaces (magnetic pole surfaces) of the teeth 1052a to 1052h of the lower stator 930 with a predetermined gap.

Since the upper stator 910 can be realized with the same as the upper stator 110 of the first embodiment, and the lower stator 930 can be realized with the same as the lower stator 120 of the first embodiment. , the detailed description of these configurations is omitted here. However, as will be described later, the phase relationship of the excitation voltages applied to the excitation coil groups 1020 and 1060 is different from that in the first embodiment.

Intermediate stator 920 has stator core 1030 and exciting coil groups 1041 and 1042 . Intermediate stator 920 is arranged axially between upper stator 910 and lower stator 930 (at the center position in the axial direction of rotating electric machine 900).
Stator core 1030 has a back yoke portion 1031 and tooth portions 1032a to 1032h and 1033a to 1033h.
The back yoke portion 1031 has an annular shape. Back yoke portion 1031 has the same shape and size as back yoke portions 1011 and 1051 . Bearings 973 and 974 are attached to surfaces forming a through hole formed in the center of the back yoke portion 1031 (inner peripheral surface of the back yoke portion 1031). A shaft 980 (rotating shaft) is inserted into this through hole, and the back yoke portion 1031 is attached to the shaft 980 via bearings 973 and 974 (so as not to move even if the shaft 980 rotates).

Teeth portions 1032a to 1032h are arranged on the surface of back yoke portion 1031 on the rotor 940 side (upper stator 910 side (positive direction side of the Z axis)). Teeth portions 1032 a to 1032 h extend from back yoke portion 1031 toward rotor 940 . Teeth portions 1032a to 1032h have the same shape and size as teeth portions 1012a to 1012h and 1052a to 1052h, and are arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction. Teeth portions 1032a to 1032h are arranged at positions shifted by 45° in the circumferential direction.

Teeth portions 1033a to 1033h are arranged on the surface of back yoke portion 1031 on the rotor 950 side (lower stator 930 side (negative Z-axis direction side)). Teeth portions 1033 a to 1033 h extend from back yoke portion 1031 toward rotor 950 . Teeth portions 1033a to 1033h have the same shape and size as teeth portions 1012a to 1012h and 1052a to 1052h, and are arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction. Teeth portions 1033a to 1033h are arranged at positions shifted by 45° in the circumferential direction.
Teeth portions 1032a-1032h and 1033a-1033h have the same shape and size as teeth portions 1012a-1012h and 1052a-1052h.

Back yoke portion 1031, teeth portions 1032a-1032h, and teeth portions 1033a-1033h are magnetically coupled. In this embodiment, an example in which intermediate stator 920 (back yoke portion 1031, teeth portions 1032a to 1032h, and teeth portions 1033a to 1033h) is a dust core will be described. Therefore, the back yoke portion 1031, the teeth portions 1032a to 1032h, and the teeth portions 1033a to 1033h are integrated (there is no boundary). However, it is not always necessary to do so, and the back yoke portion 1031, the teeth portions 1032a to 1032h, and the teeth portions 1033a to 1033h may be separated and adhered so as to be magnetically coupled. In this case, the back yoke portion 1031, the tooth portions 1032a to 1032h, and the tooth portions 1033a to 1033h can be constructed using, for example, an electromagnetic steel plate or an amorphous metal plate.

Exciting coil group 1041 is wound around tooth portions 1032a to 1032h in a state in which insulation from stator core 1030 is ensured. Exciting coil group 1042 is wound around tooth portions 1033a to 1033h in a state in which insulation from stator core 1030 is ensured. In this embodiment, the rotating electric machine 900 is driven by a three-phase alternating current.
In this embodiment, the three phases applied to the exciting coil group 1020 of the upper stator 910 are the U phase, the V phase, and the W phase, and the three phases applied to the exciting coil group 1041 of the intermediate stator 920 are the U′ phase. , V′ phase, and W′ phase, the three phases applied to the excitation coil group 1042 of the intermediate stator 920 are U″ phase, V″ phase, and W″ phase, and the excitation coil group of the lower stator 930 The three phases applied to 1060 are referred to as U''' phase, V''' phase, and W phase'''.

Therefore, exciting coil group 1020 has U-phase coils to which U-phase voltage is applied, V-phase coils to which V-phase voltage is applied, and W-phase coils to which W-phase voltage is applied. The exciting coil group 1041 includes a U'-phase coil to which a U'-phase voltage is applied, a V'-phase coil to which a V'-phase voltage is applied, and a W'-phase coil to which a W'-phase voltage is applied. have. The exciting coil group 1042 includes a U''-phase coil to which a U''-phase voltage is applied, a V''-phase coil to which a V''-phase voltage is applied, and a W''-phase coil to which a W''-phase voltage is applied. '' phase coil. The excitation coil group 1060 includes a U''' phase coil to which a U''' phase voltage is applied, a V''' phase coil to which a V''' phase voltage is applied, and a W''' phase voltage. is applied to the W''' phase coil.

It is assumed that the phase of the U-phase voltage leads the phase of the V-phase voltage by 120°, and the phase of the V-phase voltage leads the phase of the W-phase voltage by 120°. Similarly, the phase of the U′ phase voltage leads the phase of the V′ phase voltage by 120°, the phase of the V′ phase voltage leads the phase of the W′ phase voltage by 120°, and the phase of the U″ phase voltage leads the phase of the V'' phase voltage by 120°, the phase of the V'' phase voltage leads the phase of the W'' phase voltage by 120°, and the phase of the U''' phase voltage is V''' It is assumed that the phase of the V''' phase voltage leads the phase of the phase voltage by 120°, and the phase of the V''' phase voltage leads the phase of the W''' phase voltage by 120°.

In this embodiment, the phase of the U-phase voltage leads the phase of the U'-phase voltage by 60°, and the phase of the U'-phase voltage leads the phase of the U''-phase voltage by 60°. It is assumed that the phase of the U''-phase voltage leads the phase of the U'''-phase voltage by 60°. Similarly, the phase of the V phase voltage leads the phase of the V′ phase voltage by 60°, the phase of the V′ phase voltage leads the phase of the V″ phase voltage by 60°, and V It is assumed that the phase of the '' phase voltage leads the phase of the V'' phase voltage by 60°. The phase of the W-phase voltage leads the phase of the W′-phase voltage by 60°, and the phase of the W′-phase voltage leads the phase of the W″-phase voltage by 60°. It is assumed that the phase of the voltage leads the phase of the W''' phase voltage by 60°.

Therefore, the U''-phase voltage applied to the exciting coil group 1042 and the W-phase voltage applied to the exciting coil group 1020 have the same phase, and the V''-phase voltage applied to the exciting coil group 1042 and the exciting coil group The U-phase voltage applied to 1020 has the same phase, and the W''-phase voltage applied to the exciting coil group 1042 and the V-phase voltage applied to the exciting coil group 1020 have the same phase.
In addition, the U′″ phase voltage applied to the exciting coil group 1060 and the W′ phase voltage applied to the exciting coil group 1041 are in phase, and the V′″ phase voltage applied to the exciting coil group 1060 is in phase. The U'-phase voltage applied to the exciting coil group 1041 has the same phase, and the W'''-phase voltage applied to the exciting coil group 1060 and the V'-phase voltage applied to the exciting coil group 1041 have the same phase. .

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9, the U-phase voltage, the V-phase voltage, the W-phase voltage and the U''-phase voltage, the V''-phase voltage, and the W''-phase voltage are generated by the same excitation power source 991. Voltages can be applied to the exciting coil group 1020 and the exciting coil group 1042, respectively. That is, the output terminal of the U-phase voltage of the excitation power source 991 is shared with the output terminal of the V''-phase voltage, and the output terminal of the V-phase voltage of the excitation power source 991 is shared with the output terminal of the W''-phase voltage. The output terminal for the W-phase voltage of 991 can be shared with the output terminal for the U''-phase voltage.

In addition, the U′-phase voltage, V′-phase voltage, W′-phase voltage, U′″-phase voltage, V′″-phase voltage, and W′″-phase voltage are excited by the same excitation power source 992 . It can be applied to the coil group 1041 and the excitation coil group 1060 respectively. That is, the output terminal of the U' phase voltage of the excitation power source 992 is shared with the output terminal of the V''' phase voltage, and the output terminal of the V' phase voltage of the excitation power source 992 is shared with the output terminal of the W''' phase voltage. However, the output terminal for the W'-phase voltage of the excitation power supply 992 can be shared with the output terminal for the U'''-phase voltage.
The excitation power supplies 991 and 992 can be realized by a known power supply that outputs a three-phase AC voltage, but as described in the first embodiment, it is preferable to generate the three-phase AC voltage by inverter drive. .

Housing 960 has a hollow cylindrical shape and is constructed of a non-magnetic, non-conductive material. For example, the stator cores 1010, 1030, and 1050 are attached to the housing 960 ( fixed) such that rotor 940 and rotor 950 do not move as they rotate.

Next, an example of the configuration of rotors 940 and 950 will be described.
FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of rotor 940. As shown in FIG. FIG. 12 is a view of only the rotor 940 portion viewed from the positive direction to the negative direction of the Z axis. In FIG. 12, the portion that can be seen through is indicated by a dashed line. Also, for convenience of notation, the arc-shaped solid line and the dashed line are shown at different positions, but in reality, the arc-shaped solid line and the arc-shaped solid line are located close to each other along the arc-shaped solid line. The dashed line overlaps with the arc-shaped solid line. 12 are the same as FIG. 6(a), FIG. 6(b), and FIG. 6(c), respectively. The illustration is omitted here.

In FIG. 12, rotor 940 has rotor core 1210 and permanent magnets 1220a-1220h and 1230a-1230h. The shape, size, and material of rotor 940 are the same as those of rotor 130, so detailed description thereof will be omitted here. The shaft 980 is inserted into a through hole formed in the center of the rotor core 1210, and the surface forming the through hole (the inner peripheral surface of the rotor core 1210) is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 980 (electrically and magnetically). not physically connected). This causes rotor core 1210 (rotor 940 ) to rotate together with shaft 980 . The positional relationship between the permanent magnets 1220a to 1220h and 1230a to 1230h is the same as the positional relationship between the permanent magnets 520a to 520h and 530a to 530h of the first embodiment (the permanent magnets 1220a to 1220h and 1230a to 1230h are the first shifted by an angle θ1). In this embodiment, permanent magnets 1220a-1220h are the first permanent magnet group, and permanent magnets 1230a-1230h are the second permanent magnet group.

In this embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the rotating electric machine 900 rotates in the counterclockwise direction (the direction of the outline arrow line in FIG. 12) when viewed from the positive direction to the negative direction of the Z axis. shall be rotated to In addition, the three-phase AC voltage applied to the exciting coil group 1020 of the upper stator 910 with respect to the three-phase AC voltage (the U′-phase voltage, the V′-phase voltage, and the W′-phase voltage) applied to the exciting coil group 1041 of the intermediate stator 920 The same angle as the phase difference θ2 of the AC voltages (U-phase voltage, V-phase voltage, and W-phase voltage) is defined as a first angle θ (=+60°). Note that when the number of permanent magnets 1220a to 1220h and 1230a to 1230h is eight, the first angle θ1 of +60° and the first angle θ1 of +15° are equivalent to each other in the first embodiment. It is as described in

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of rotor 950. As shown in FIG. FIG. 13 is a view of only the rotor 950 portion viewed from the positive direction to the negative direction of the Z axis. In FIG. 13, the part that can be seen through is indicated by a dashed line. Also, for convenience of notation, the arc-shaped solid line and the dashed line are shown at different positions, but in reality, the arc-shaped solid line and the arc-shaped solid line are located close to each other along the arc-shaped solid line. The dashed line overlaps with the arc-shaped solid line. 13 are the same as FIG. 6(a), FIG. 6(b), and FIG. 6(c), respectively. The illustration is omitted here.

In FIG. 13, rotor 950 has rotor core 1310 and permanent magnets 1320a-1320h and 1330a-1330h. The shape, size, and material of rotor 950 are the same as those of rotor 130, so detailed description thereof will be omitted here. The shaft 980 is inserted into a through hole formed in the center of the rotor core 1310, and the surface forming the through hole (the inner peripheral surface of the rotor core 1310) is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 980 (electrically and magnetically). not physically connected). This causes rotor core 1310 (rotor 950 ) to rotate together with shaft 980 . The positional relationship between the permanent magnets 1320a-1320h and 1330a-1330h is the same as the positional relationship between the permanent magnets 520a-520h and 530a-530h of the first embodiment. In this embodiment, permanent magnets 1320a-1320h are the first permanent magnet group, and permanent magnets 1330a-1330h are the second permanent magnet group.

In this embodiment, the intermediate stator 920 with respect to the three-phase AC voltage (U''' phase voltage, V''' phase voltage, and W''' phase voltage) applied to the exciting coil group 1060 of the lower stator 930 The phase difference θ2 (including the sign) of the three-phase AC voltages (the U″ phase voltage, the V″ phase voltage, and the W″ phase voltage) applied to the exciting coil group 1042 is the first angle. θ1 (=+60°). When the number of permanent magnets 1320a to 1320h and 1330a to 1330h is eight, the first angle θ1 of +60° and the first angle θ1 of +15° are equivalent to each other in the first embodiment. It is as described in

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of the positional relationship between rotors 940 and 950. As shown in FIG. FIG. 14 is a view of only a portion of rotor 940 closer to rotor 950 than rotor core 1210 and a portion of rotor 950 closer to rotor 940 than rotor core 1310 are viewed from the positive direction to the negative direction of the Z-axis. In FIG. 14, a portion that can be seen through is indicated by a dashed line. Also, for convenience of notation, the arc-shaped solid line and the dashed line are shown at different positions, but in reality, the arc-shaped solid line and the arc-shaped solid line are located close to each other along the arc-shaped solid line. The dashed line overlaps with the arc-shaped solid line. This is the same for the outermost circular solid line and dashed line.

The permanent magnets 1230a to 1230h are arranged at positions shifted by a third angle θ3 in the rotation direction with respect to the permanent magnets 1320a to 1320h with respect to the positions of the permanent magnets 1320a to 1320h. is positive in the direction of rotation and negative in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation. The third angle θ3 is the three-phase AC voltage (U′-phase voltage, V′-phase voltage, and W′-phase voltage) applied to the exciting coil group 1041 of the intermediate stator 920 and the exciting coil group 1042 of the intermediate stator 920 is determined based on the phase difference θ4 from the three-phase AC voltage (U″ phase voltage, V″ phase voltage, and W″ phase voltage) applied to . In this embodiment, this phase difference θ4 is the fourth angle.

In this embodiment, the excitation coil group 1041 of the intermediate stator 920 with respect to the three-phase AC voltage (U″ phase voltage, V″ phase voltage, and W″ phase voltage) applied to the excitation coil group 1042 of the intermediate stator 920 A third angle θ3 is the same angle as the phase difference θ4 of the three-phase AC voltages (U′-phase voltage, V′-phase voltage, and W′-phase voltage) applied to . Three phase AC voltages (U″ phase voltage, V″ phase voltage, and W″ phase voltage) applied to the excitation coil group 1042 of the intermediate stator 920 are applied to the excitation coil group 1041 of the intermediate stator 920 . The phase difference θ4 between the phase AC voltages (U′-phase voltage, V′-phase voltage, and W′-phase voltage) is the three-phase AC voltage (U″-phase voltage, Three-phase AC voltages (U'-phase voltage, V'-phase voltage) applied to exciting coil group 1041 of intermediate stator 920 when the phase of V''-phase voltage and W''-phase voltage) is regarded as 0° , and W′ phase voltages). The phases of the three-phase AC voltages (the U′-phase voltage, the V′-phase voltage, and the W′-phase voltage) applied to the exciting coil group 1041 of the intermediate stator 920 are the three phases applied to the exciting coil group 1042 of the intermediate stator 920 . If it leads the phase of the phase AC voltages (U″ phase voltage, V″ phase voltage, and W″ phase voltage), this phase difference θ4 (sign of) is positive; The phase difference θ4 (sign of) becomes negative.

In this embodiment, the three-phase AC voltage (U′-phase voltage, V′-phase voltage, and W′-phase voltage) applied to the exciting coil group 1041 of the intermediate stator 920 is applied to the exciting coil group 1042 of the intermediate stator 920. The phase is advanced by 60° with respect to the three-phase AC voltage (U'' phase voltage, V'' phase voltage, and W'' phase voltage). Therefore, the permanent magnets 1230a to 1230h that transfer the magnetic flux to the teeth 1032a to 1032h of the intermediate stator 920 correspond to the permanent magnets 1320a to 1320h that transfer the magnetic flux to the teeth 1033a to 1033h of the intermediate stator 920. , are shifted by +60° in the rotational direction. When the number of permanent magnets 1220a to 1220h and 1230a to 1230h is eight, the fact that the third angle θ3 of +60° and the third angle θ3 of +15° are equivalent means that the first angle θ1 is the same as for Therefore, in FIG. 13, the third angle θ3 is +15°.

Rotors 940 and 950 rotate while maintaining the third angle θ3. As rotor 940 rotates, the surfaces of permanent magnets 1230a to 1230h face tip surfaces (magnetic pole surfaces) of teeth portions 1032a to 1032h of intermediate stator 920 with a predetermined gap therebetween. In order to reduce the distribution of magnetic flux between the rotor 940 and the teeth 1032a-1032h of the intermediate stator 920, the surfaces of the permanent magnets 1230a-1230h and the tip surfaces of the teeth 1032a-1032h are parallel (for example, to the axis). perpendicular to). Similarly, as rotor 950 rotates, the surfaces of permanent magnets 1320a to 1320h face tip surfaces (magnetic pole surfaces) of teeth portions 1033a to 1033h of intermediate stator 920 with a predetermined gap therebetween. In order to reduce the distribution of magnetic flux between the rotor 950 and the teeth 1033a to 1033h of the intermediate stator 920, the surfaces of the permanent magnets 1320a to 1320h and the tip surfaces of the teeth 1033a to 1033h are parallel (for example, to the axis). perpendicular to).

As described above, in the present embodiment, rotating electric machine 900 has rotors 940 and 950 spaced apart in the axial direction, and permanent magnets 1220a to 1220h on the upper side of rotor 940 with a predetermined space therebetween. An upper stator 910 arranged to face the lower permanent magnets 1330a to 1330h of the rotor 950, and a lower stator 930 arranged to face the lower permanent magnets 1330a to 1330h of the rotor 950 with a predetermined spacing. and an intermediate stator 920 arranged at a position opposed to the permanent magnets 1230a to 1230h with a predetermined spacing and opposed to the upper side 1320a to 1320h of the rotor 950 with a predetermined spacing. Then, the phase difference of the exciting voltages applied to the exciting coil groups 1020 and 1041 located opposite to each other via the rotor 940 is set to θ2 and shifted in the same manner as in the first embodiment. Further, the phase difference of the excitation voltages applied to the excitation coil groups 1042 and 1060, which are opposed to each other via the rotor 950, is set to θ2 and is shifted in the same manner as in the first embodiment. Further, the positions of the permanent magnets 1220a to 1220h, 1230a to 1230h, 1320a to 1320h, and 1330a to 1330h are shifted by a first angle θ1 in the rotational direction according to the phase difference θ2, as in the first embodiment. Therefore, in addition to the effect described in the first embodiment, the effect that the rotating electrical machine 900 can be made a rotating electrical machine with a higher output is obtained.

Further, in the present embodiment, the excitation voltages applied to the excitation coil group 1020 (U-phase voltage, V-phase voltage, W-phase voltage) and the excitation voltages applied to the excitation coil group 1042 (U''-phase voltage, V '' phase voltage, W'' phase voltage) is 120°, and the excitation voltages (U' phase voltage, V' phase voltage, W' phase voltage) applied to the excitation coil group 1041 and the excitation coil The phase difference from the excitation voltages (U''' phase voltage, V''' phase voltage, and W''' phase voltage) applied to the group 1060 is assumed to be 120°. Therefore, the excitation voltages (U-phase voltage, V-phase voltage, W-phase voltage) applied to the excitation coil group 1020 and the excitation voltages (U'-phase voltage, V'-phase voltage, W'-phase voltage) applied to the excitation coil group 1041 voltage) can be shared, and the excitation voltage (U″ phase voltage, V″ phase voltage, W″ phase voltage) applied to the excitation coil group 1042 and the excitation coil group It is possible to share the excitation power supply that supplies the excitation voltages (U''' phase voltage, V''' phase voltage, W''' phase voltage) applied to 1060. FIG.

The excitation voltages applied to the excitation coil group 1020 (U-phase voltage, V-phase voltage, W-phase voltage) and the excitation voltages applied to the excitation coil group 1042 (U''-phase voltage, V''-phase voltage, W″ phase voltage) is 120°×n, and the excitation voltages (U′ phase voltage, V′ phase voltage, W′ phase voltage) applied to the exciting coil group 1041 and the exciting coil group 1060 The phase difference from the applied excitation voltage (U''' phase voltage, V''' phase voltage, W''' phase voltage) is 120 ° × n (n is a non-negative integer (0 and positive integer)) , the excitation power supply can be shared even if the phase difference is not 120°. Moreover, when the excitation power source is not shared, the phase difference is not limited to 120°×n (n is a non-negative integer).

Further, similarly to the first angle θ, the third angle θ3 also has the excitation voltages (U′-phase voltage, V′-phase voltage, W′-phase voltage) applied to the exciting coil group 1041 and the exciting coil group It is preferable to make the angle the same as the phase difference θ4 (including the sign) with the excitation voltage (U″ phase voltage, V″ phase voltage, W″ phase voltage) applied to 1042, which is +60°. is most preferable, but it is not always necessary to do so, and the absolute value of the difference between the phase difference θ4 and the third angle θ3 can be 45° or less.

Also, the number of rotors can be greater than two.
FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a rotating electrical machine 1500 (a modification of the rotating electrical machine of the present embodiment) when the number of rotors is four.
In FIG. 15 , rotating electrical machine 1500 includes upper stator 1511 , intermediate stator 1512 , intermediate stator 1513 , intermediate stator 1514 , lower stator 1515 , rotors 1521 , 1522 , 1523 , 1524 , and housing 1530 . have.

The upper stator 1511 can be realized with the same as the upper stator 910 . Intermediate stators 1512 , 1513 , 1514 can be realized with the same as intermediate stator 920 . The lower stator 1515 can be implemented with the same as the lower stator 930 .

Upper stator 1511 is mounted on shaft 1550 via bearings 1540a, 1540b, middle stator 1512 is mounted on shaft 1550 via bearings 1540c, 1540d, and middle stator 1513 is mounted on shaft 1550 via bearings 1540e, 1540f. , middle stator 1514 is attached to shaft 1550 via bearings 1540e, 1540f, and lower stator 1515 is attached to shaft 1550 via bearings 1540g, 1540h. Upper stator 1511 , intermediate stators 1512 , 1513 , 1514 and lower stator 1515 are also fixed using housing 1530 .

The phase relationship between the excitation voltage applied to the excitation coil group 1511a of the upper stator 1511 and the excitation voltage applied to the excitation coil group 1512a of the intermediate stator 1512 is determined by the excitation voltage applied to the excitation coil group 1020 of the upper stator 910. , and the phase relationship of the excitation voltage applied to the excitation coil group 1041 of the intermediate stator 920 . The phase relationship of the excitation voltages applied to the excitation coil groups 1512a and 1512b of the intermediate stator 1512, the phase relationship of the excitation voltages applied to the excitation coil groups 1513a and 1513b of the intermediate stator 1513, and the excitation coils of the intermediate stator 1514. The phase relationship of the excitation voltages applied to the groups 1514a and 1514b is the same as the phase relationship of the excitation voltages applied to the excitation coil groups 1041 and 1042 of the intermediate stator 920, respectively. The phase relationship between the excitation voltage applied to the excitation coil group 1514b of the intermediate stator 1514 and the excitation voltage applied to the excitation coil group 1515a of the lower stator 1515 is determined by the excitation voltage applied to the excitation coil group 1042 of the intermediate stator 920. This is the same as the relationship between the voltage and the phase of the exciting voltage applied to the exciting coil group 1060 of the lower stator 930 .

The phase relationship between the excitation voltage applied to the excitation coil group 1512b of the intermediate stator 1512 and the excitation voltage applied to the excitation coil group 1513a of the intermediate stator 1513, and the excitation voltage applied to the excitation coil group 1513b of the intermediate stator 1513 and the phase relationship of the excitation voltage applied to the excitation coil group 1514a of the intermediate stator 1514 is respectively the excitation voltage applied to the excitation coil group 1020 of the upper stator 910 and the excitation coil group 1041 of the intermediate stator 920. (and the phase relationship between the excitation voltage applied to the excitation coil group 1042 of the intermediate stator 920 and the excitation voltage applied to the excitation coil group 1060 of the lower stator 930). .

As described above, the phase relationship of the excitation voltages applied to the two excitation coil groups located opposite to each other in the axial direction via the rotors is the same regardless of the number of rotors. In addition, the phase relationship of the excitation voltages applied to the two excitation coil groups that face each other in the axial direction without interposing the rotors is the same regardless of the number of rotors. In FIG. 15 as well, the relationship of the phases of the excitation voltages applied to the two excitation coil groups that are adjacent to each other in the axial direction is such that the excitation voltage applied to the excitation coil group on the upper side (positive direction side of the Z axis) is A case where the excitation voltage applied to the excitation coil group located on the lower side (the positive direction side of the Z axis) leads the excitation voltage applied to the excitation coil group located on the lower side (positive direction side of the Z axis) by 60° is taken as an example. Therefore, the excitation power supply 1561 supplies an excitation voltage to the excitation coil group located on the upper side (on the positive direction side of the Z axis) of the two excitation coil groups that face each other in the axial direction with the rotor interposed therebetween. can be shared. Similarly, of the two exciting coil groups that face each other in the axial direction with the rotor interposed therebetween, the exciting power supply that supplies the exciting voltage to the exciting coil group on the lower side (negative direction side of the Z-axis) is 1562 can be shared.

Rotors 1521 , 1522 , 1523 , 1524 can be realized the same as rotors 940 , 950 .
Positional relationship in the rotational direction of permanent magnets 1521a and 1521b of rotor 1521, positional relationship in the rotational direction of permanent magnets 1522a and 1522b of rotor 1522, and positional relationship in the rotational direction of permanent magnets 1523a and 1523b of rotor 1523. , the positional relationship of the permanent magnets 1524a and 1524b of the rotor 1524 in the rotational direction is the positional relationship of the permanent magnets 1220a to 1220h and 1230a to 1230h of the rotor 940 (and the permanent magnets 1320a to 1320h and 1330a to 1330h of the rotor 950) in the rotational direction. is the same as the relationship of

The positional relationship in the rotational direction between the permanent magnet 1521b of the rotor 1521 and the permanent magnet 1522a of the rotor 1522, the positional relationship in the rotational direction of the permanent magnet 1522b of the rotor 1522 and the permanent magnet 1523a of the rotor 1523, and the permanent magnet 1523a of the rotor 1523. The positional relationship of the magnet 1523b in the rotational direction and the positional relationship of the permanent magnet 1524a of the rotor 1524 in the rotational direction are the positions of the permanent magnets 1230a to 1230h of the rotor 940 and the permanent magnets 1320a to 1320h of the rotor 950 in the rotational direction. Same as relationship.

As described above, among the permanent magnets arranged on both sides of the rotors 1521, 1522, 1523, and 1524 in the axial direction, the permanent magnets arranged on the upper side (positive direction side of the Z axis) and the permanent magnets arranged on the lower side (Z The positional relationship in the rotational direction of the permanent magnets arranged on the negative side of the shaft is the same regardless of the number of rotors. In the axial direction, the positional relationship in the rotational direction of the permanent magnets facing each other via the stator is the same regardless of the number of rotors. For example, in the same manner as illustrated in the present embodiment, the positional relationship in the rotational direction of the two permanent magnet groups adjacent to each other in the axial direction is on the upper side (positive direction of the Z axis). The permanent magnet group can be shifted by +60° in the rotational direction with respect to the permanent magnet group on the lower side (negative direction side of the Z axis) (that is, the first angle θ1 and the third angle θ3 are both can be +60° (15°)).

Also, the second embodiment can be applied to this embodiment. That is, rotor core 710 can be used instead of rotor cores 1210 and 1310 . This also applies to rotating electric machine 1500 shown in FIG.
Also, in this embodiment, various modifications described in the first and second embodiments can be adopted.
In addition, in the first to third embodiments, a case where the rotating electric machine is an electric motor (motor) has been described as an example, but the rotating electric machines 100, 700, 900, 1500 may be used as a generator.

(Example)
Next, an example will be described.
In this embodiment, as described in the first to third embodiments, the phase of the excitation voltage applied to the excitation coil group and the position of the permanent magnet of the rotor in the rotation direction are shifted, Motors A to F (three-phase AC motors) were produced for each of cases where the phase of the excitation voltage applied to the excitation coil group and the position of the permanent magnet of the rotor in the direction of rotation were not shifted, and each motor The noise when rotating A to F at 30000 rpm was measured based on the method specified in JIS Z8731 (1999), and the power density was also measured. The manufacturing conditions for each motor are as shown in Table 1 below. The number of permanent magnets in one rotor and the number of tooth portions in one stator are respectively eight, as described in the first to third embodiments, and they are arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction. be.

In Table 1, "single weight" is the weight of the motor (including the terminal portion) not including the drive circuit. The "rotor magnet arrangement" is the amount of deviation (first angle θ1 and third angle θ3) in the rotational direction of two permanent magnet groups that are adjacent to each other in the axial direction. The fact that the "rotor magnet arrangement" is "at the same position on both sides" means that the positions of the two permanent magnet groups that are adjacent to each other in the axial direction are not shifted in the rotational direction (the shift amount (the first angle θ1 and the third angle θ3) are 0°). The fact that the "rotor magnet arrangement" is "60° (15°) on both sides" means that the displacement in the direction of rotation of the two permanent magnet groups that are adjacent to each other in the axial direction is +60° (+15°). (the first angle θ1 and the third angle θ3 are +60° (+15°)).

"Rotor configuration" indicates the configuration of the rotor core. The “rotor configuration” being “single magnetic body” indicates that the rotor core is composed of only the magnetic body portion (same configuration as rotor core 510). The fact that the "rotor configuration" is "double-sided magnetic material + intermediate non-magnetic material" means that the rotor core is composed of a non-magnetic part and two magnetic parts arranged above and below the magnetic material in the axial direction ( It has the same configuration as the rotor core 710). "Three-phase AC phase" indicates the phase relationship of the exciting voltages (three-phase AC voltages) applied to the respective exciting coil groups. The fact that the "three-phase AC phase" is "same for all windings" means that the excitation coils of each stator (the first-phase coil, the second-phase coil, and the third-phase coil) have the same phase. is applied (the second angle θ2 and the fourth angle θ4 are 0°). The fact that the "three-phase alternating current phase" is "shifted by 60°" means that one of the two exciting coil groups that are adjacent to each other in the axial direction (positive direction side of the Z axis) It indicates that the excitation voltage applied to a certain excitation coil group leads the excitation voltage applied to the excitation coil group on the other side (the positive direction side of the Z axis) by 60° (first 2 angle θ2 and the fourth angle θ4 is +60°).

Motors A and B are motors having one rotor and a total of two stators arranged on both sides of the rotor in the axial direction (the number and arrangement of rotors and stators are shown in FIG. 1). , and FIG. 7 (however, the arrangement of the permanent magnets is different between the motors A and B as shown in "Arrangement of rotor magnets"). The material, size and shape of each part (core and coil) of the motors A and B, and the number of turns and winding method of the excitation coil group are the same.

The motors C and D are motors having two rotors spaced apart in the axial direction, and a total of three stators arranged on both sides of the rotor in the axial direction ( The number and arrangement of rotors and stators are the same as in FIG. 9 (however, the arrangement of permanent magnets differs between motors C and D, as shown in "Arrangement of rotor magnets")). The material, size and shape of each part (core and coil) of the motors C and D, and the number of turns and winding method of the excitation coil group are the same.

The motors E and F are motors having four rotors spaced apart in the axial direction and a total of five stators placed on each side of the rotor in the axial direction ( The number and arrangement of rotors and stators are the same as in FIG. 15 (however, the arrangement of permanent magnets differs between motors E and F, as shown in "Arrangement of rotor magnets"). The material, size and shape of each part (core and coil) of the motors E and F, and the number of turns and winding method of the excitation coil group are the same.
Table 2 shows the measurement results of the power, power density, and noise of motors A to F, respectively.

As shown in Table 2, in the case of motors of the same size, the phase of the excitation voltage applied to the excitation coil group and the permanent magnet of the rotor are determined as described in the first to third embodiments. It can be seen that the output and the output density can be increased and the noise can be reduced when the position in the rotational direction of the motor is displaced compared to the case where it is not.

The embodiments of the present invention described above are merely examples of specific implementations of the present invention, and the technical scope of the present invention should not be construed to be limited by these. be. That is, the present invention can be embodied in various forms without departing from its technical concept or main features.

100/700/900/1500: Rotating electric machine 110/910/1511: Upper stator 120/930/1515: Lower stator 130/940/950/1521 to 1524: Rotor 140/960/1530: Housing 151 to 154/971 ～976・1540a～1540j: Bearing 160・980・1550: Shaft 171・172・991・992・1561・1562: Excitation power supply 212a~212h・232a~232h・1012a~1012h・1032a~1032h・1033a~1033h: Teeth Part 220・240・1020・1041・1042・1060・1511a・1512a・1512b・1513a・1513b・1514a・1514b・1515a: Exciting coil group 510・710・1210・1310: Rotor core 520a-520h・530a-530a・1222 ~1220h・1230a~1230h・1320a~1320h・1330a~1330h・1521a・1521b・1522a・1522b・1523a・1523b・1524a・1524b: Permanent magnet 711: Nonmagnetic part 712a・712b: Magnetic part 920・1514: 1512～1514 intermediate stator

Claims (14)

a first permanent magnet group made up of a plurality of permanent magnets arranged on one side in the axial direction; a second permanent magnet group made up of a plurality of permanent magnets arranged on the other side in the axial direction; a rotor having a permanent magnet group and a rotor core magnetically coupled with the second permanent magnet group;
a one-side stator arranged with a predetermined gap in the axial direction from the first permanent magnet group;
A rotating electrical machine having a second permanent magnet group and a second stator arranged with a predetermined gap in the axial direction,
The one-side stator is
a stator core having a plurality of teeth arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction;
an exciting coil group including three coils wound around the plurality of teeth, each having three coils to which a three-phase AC voltage is applied;
The other side stator is
a stator core having a plurality of teeth arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction;
an exciting coil group including three coils wound around the plurality of teeth, each having three coils to which a three-phase AC voltage is applied;
The plurality of permanent magnets of the first permanent magnet group are positioned at a first position in the circumferential direction with respect to the second permanent magnet group with reference to the positions of the plurality of permanent magnets of the second permanent magnet group. It is arranged in a state shifted by an angle,
A state in which the phase of the three-phase AC voltage applied to the excitation coil group of the one-side stator is shifted from the phase of the three-phase AC voltage applied to the excitation coil group of the other-side stator by a second angle. A rotary electric machine characterized by operating with 2. The electric rotating machine according to claim 1, wherein the absolute value of the difference between said first angle and said second angle is 45[deg.] or less. The rotation direction of the rotating electric machine is the positive direction, and the phase of the three-phase AC voltage applied to the excitation coil group of the one-side stator is the three-phase AC voltage applied to the excitation coil group of the other-side stator. 3. The first angle and the second angle are the same, including the sign, when the sign of the phase is positive when the phase is ahead of the phase of Rotating electric machine described. 4. The electric rotating machine according to claim 3, wherein the first angle and the second angle are +60 degrees. The rotor core is
a magnetic portion arranged on one side in the axial direction;
a magnetic portion arranged on the other side in the axial direction;
a non-magnetic portion arranged between the two magnetic portions in the axial direction;
The first permanent magnet group is magnetically coupled to the magnetic portion arranged on one side in the axial direction,
The second permanent magnet group is magnetically coupled to the magnetic portion arranged on the other side in the axial direction,
5. The magnetic portion arranged on one side in the axial direction and the magnetic portion arranged on the other side in the axial direction are not magnetically coupled. The rotary electric machine described in . further comprising at least one intermediate stator axially arranged between the one side stator and the other side stator;
The intermediate stator is
a stator core having a plurality of teeth arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction on one side and the other side in the axial direction;
an exciting coil group including three coils wound around the plurality of teeth arranged on one side in the axial direction, each coil being applied with a three-phase AC voltage;
an exciting coil group including three coils wound around the plurality of teeth arranged on the other side in the axial direction, each coil being applied with a three-phase AC voltage; ,
the number of rotors is one less than the number of the one-side stator, the other-side stator, and the intermediate stator;
the rotor is arranged between two stators of the one-side stator, the other-side stator, and the intermediate stator that are adjacent to each other in the axial direction;
The first permanent magnet group of the rotor is positioned at a predetermined distance from the stator, which is adjacent to the rotor on one side in the axial direction, among the one-side stator, the other-side stator, and the intermediate stator. and the second permanent magnet group of the rotor is adjacent to the rotor on the other side in the axial direction among the one side stator, the other side stator, and the intermediate stator arranged with a predetermined spacing from the stator in a positional relationship,
Three-phase applied to two of the excitation coil groups of the one-side stator, the other-side stator, and the intermediate stator that are adjacent to each other in the axial direction with the rotor interposed therebetween. The electric rotating machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the rotating electric machine operates in a state in which the phase of the AC voltage is shifted by the second angle. 7. The electric rotating machine according to claim 6, wherein the absolute value of the difference between said first angle and said second angle is 45[deg.] or less. of the one-side stator, the other-side stator, and the intermediate stator, among the two stators that are adjacent to each other in the axial direction, The sign of the phase when the phase of the three-phase AC voltage applied to the excitation coil group of the stator on one side leads the phase of the three-phase AC voltage applied to the excitation coil group of the stator on the other side 8. The electric rotating machine according to claim 6, wherein the first angle and the second angle are the same including the sign when is positive. 9. The electric rotating machine according to claim 8, wherein the first angle and the second angle are +60 degrees. Of the two rotors adjacent to each other in the axial direction, the second permanent magnet group of the rotor on one side in the axial direction corresponds to the first permanent magnet group of the rotor on the other side. Based on the position of the group, it is arranged in a state shifted by a third angle in the circumferential direction with respect to the first permanent magnet group,
Three-phase applied to two of the excitation coil groups of the one-side stator, the other-side stator, and the intermediate stator that are adjacent to each other in the axial direction with the rotor interposed therebetween. 10. The electric rotating machine according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the phase difference of the AC voltages is a fourth angle. 11. The electric rotating machine according to claim 10, wherein the absolute value of the difference between said third angle and said fourth angle is 45[deg.] or less. of the one-side stator, the other-side stator, and the intermediate stator, among the two stators that are adjacent to each other in the axial direction, The sign of the phase when the phase of the three-phase AC voltage applied to the excitation coil group of the stator on one side leads the phase of the three-phase AC voltage applied to the excitation coil group of the stator on the other side 12. The electric rotating machine according to claim 11, wherein the third angle and the fourth angle are the same including the sign when is positive. 13. The electric rotating machine according to claim 12, wherein the third angle and the fourth angle are +60 degrees. The phase difference of the three-phase AC voltages applied to the excitation coil groups adjacent to each other on one side of the rotor in the axial direction is 120×n° (n is a non-negative integer),
A phase difference of the three-phase AC voltages applied to the excitation coil group adjacent to each other on the other side of the rotor in the axial direction is 120×n° (n is a non-negative integer). The rotary electric machine according to any one of claims 6 to 13.

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