JP7171526B2 - Static induction device - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to static induction devices such as transformers and reactors, and more particularly to fixing internal structures composed of iron cores, coils, metal fittings, etc. in static induction devices.

For example, the contents of an oil-immersed transformer are mainly composed of windings, iron cores, and fittings for holding them in a combined state. This content assembly is inserted into a tank, fixed by projections provided on the inner surface of the tank, and filled with insulating oil.

Transformers can be classified into single-phase transformers and three-phase transformers. Single-phase transformers generally use a core with one leg and coils with two legs. Three-phase transformers generally use three-legged or five-legged cores and three-legged coils. There are also transformers that can obtain both single-phase and three-phase, and one example is a transformer that connects two single-phase transformers in a V connection. Two transformers with the same capacity are called same-capacity V-connected transformers, and those with different capacities are called different-capacity V-connected transformers (hereinafter referred to as V-connected transformers). Since the V-connection transformer requires two single-phase transformers, it is common to install each phase in two layers, one above the other, in consideration of the increase in the installation area of the transformers.

A single-phase transformer mainly consists of an iron core and coils, and bands and fasteners that fix the iron core and coils (hereafter referred to as single-phase core structure). The single-phase internal structure is fixed by bolts to a content-fixing seat provided on the inner surface of the tank through a content-fixing fitting attached to the fastener. In addition, the single-phase core structure is fixed by passing the core brace welded to the bottom plate of the transformer through the round hole provided in the lower fastener.

Like single-phase transformers, V-connected transformers mainly consist of cores and coils, and bands and fasteners that secure the core and coils. , V-connected internal structure). The V-connection internal structure is fixed to a content-fixing seat provided on the inner surface of the tank with a bolt through a hole provided in the connecting metal fitting or through a content-fixing metal fitting provided in the upper fastener. In addition, the V-connection core structure is fixed by inserting the core anti-sway welded to the bottom plate of the transformer through the round hole provided in the lower fastener.

If it is not possible to reduce the capacity of the transformer due to the demand for miniaturization, the degree of integration of the internal structure consisting of the iron core and coil in the tank is increased while paying attention to the insulation and temperature rise value. However, in order to fix each phase in addition to the iron core and coil, in order to prevent the internal structure such as fasteners, internal fixing metal fittings, and connecting metal fittings from moving, the internal anti-vibration and internal fixing seats provided on the inner surface of the tank As a result, there are restrictions other than the dimensions of the core and coil in inserting the core structure into the tank. In addition to being a confirmation factor in insulation and temperature rise values, this leads to the possibility of impairing assembly workability, so it becomes an uncertain factor in design. Therefore, there is a need for a stable fixing structure that does not move the contents structure, in addition to facilitating insertion into the tank by eliminating the contents steady rest and contents mounting seat.

As a structure for fixing the contents of a transformer, for example, Patent Document 1 describes, "A transformer main body is composed of a core formed by laminating a large number of core plates and coils wound around the legs of the core. In a transformer in which a main body is fixed to a foundation via a base and the main body of the transformer is surrounded by a case, the lower part of the case is fixed to the base and the upper part of the case is attached to the base via a spring member. A transformer characterized in that it is connected to a transformer main body." (See Claims).

JP-A-3-129709

In order to fix the internal structure of a single-phase transformer or a V-connection transformer to a tank, each phase is fixed by means of fasteners and metal fittings for fixing the internal parts or connecting metal fittings. Therefore, the position where fastening by the bolt is possible is restricted depending on the position of the metal fitting for fixing the contents or the connecting metal fitting. In addition, a certain degree of dimensional accuracy is required for the content fixing seats and the content anti-vibration provided on the inner surface of the tank. Furthermore, when inserting the content structure into the tank, since the bolt insertion direction is aligned, there is a restriction on the position in the circumferential direction, resulting in deterioration of workability.

The invention described in Patent Document 1 connects the main body of the transformer and the upper part of the case via a spring member, and does not consider facilitating the insertion of the internal structure into the tank or the fixing of the internal structure.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to solve these problems and to provide a stationary induction device that facilitates the insertion of a filling structure into a tank and the fixing of the filling structure to a tank.

To give an example of the "stationary induction device" of the present invention for solving the above problems, a stationary induction device in which a content composed of an iron core and a coil wound around the iron core is inserted into a tank, A content fixing plate mounting seat is fixed to the fastener for fixing the iron core and the coil, and a content fixing plate is provided between the content fixing plate mounting seat and the inner surface of the tank to contact the inner surface of the tank . The content fixing plate mounting seat is U-shaped, the content fixing plate is sandwiched between the U-shaped content fixing plate mounting seat, and the content fixing plate slides in the tank inner surface direction. and is fixed by a stopper plate, the stopper plate being wedge-shaped and inserted on the opposite side of the inner surface of the tank from the plate for fixing the contents .

According to the present invention, since the content fixing plate is fitted to fix the content structure, when the content structure is inserted into the tank, there is no restriction on the position in the circumferential direction of the tank, and the content structure can be easily inserted into the tank. . In addition, it becomes easy to fix the contents structure to the tank.

Problems, configurations, and effects other than those described above will be clarified by the following description of the embodiments.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a content fixing structure of the single-phase transformer of Example 1; 4 is an enlarged view of the content fixing structure of Example 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of a shape of the board for fixing a content. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a content fixing structure of the V-connection transformer of Example 2; FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of the content fixing structure of Example 2; FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a content fixing structure of the V-connection transformer of Example 3; FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of the content fixing structure of Example 3; FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a modification of the content fixing structure of Example 3; FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of another modification of the content fixing structure of Example 3; FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a content fixing structure of the V-connection transformer of Example 4; FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of the content fixing structure of Example 4; FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the shape and usage of the plate stabilization wedge for fixing contents in Example 5; FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a stuff fixing structure without using stuff rests in Example 6; It is a figure which shows the content fixing structure of the current single-phase transformer. It is a figure which shows the content fixing structure of the current V-connection transformer.

Prior to describing the transformers of the embodiments of the present invention, current transformers will be described.

FIG. 14 shows an example of the structure of a current single-phase transformer, FIG. 14(a) showing a top view and FIG. 14(b) showing a front view. The single-phase transformer 10 includes a rectangular iron core 102, a coil 103 wound around two legs of the iron core 102, and upper and lower fasteners 104 and 105 attached to the upper and lower portions of the iron core 102. The contents of the transformer are configured. The contents of the transformer are inserted into the tank 101, and the contents of the transformer are tightened by tightening the contents fixing metal fittings 106 attached to the top fasteners 104 and the contents fixing seats 108 provided inside the tank with bolts. is fixed in the tank. In the figure, reference numeral 107 denotes a tap changer to which the coil is connected.

FIG. 15 shows an example of the structure of a current V-connection transformer, FIG. 15(a) showing a top view and FIG. 15(b) showing a front view. The V-connection transformer is configured by stacking a lower phase transformer 20 and an upper phase transformer 25, and the lower phase transformer 20 includes a core 102, a coil 103 wound around the core 102, an upper portion of the core 102 and a The upper phase transformer 25 is composed of a lower phase upper fastener 111 and a lower phase lower fastener 112 attached to the lower part, and the upper phase transformer 25 includes the iron core 102, the coil 103 wound around the iron core 102, and the iron core 102. It consists of an upper phase upper fastener 109 and an upper phase lower fastener 110 attached to the upper and lower portions. The inside of the transformer is constructed by stacking the upper phase transformer 25 on the lower phase transformer 20 and connecting them with the connecting fittings 113 . The contents of the transformer are inserted into the tank 101, and the upper part of the connecting fitting 113 and the contents fixing seat 108 provided inside the tank 101 are tightened with the bolts 114 to fix the contents of the transformer in the tank. do.

In the current transformer shown in FIG. 14 or 15, a content fixing metal fitting 106 or a connecting metal fitting 113 is attached by bolts to a content fixing seat 108 attached inside the tank. Therefore, the positions at which bolts can be fastened are restricted depending on the positions of the contents fixing metal fittings 106 or the connecting metal fittings 113 . In addition, a certain degree of dimensional accuracy is required for the content fixing seat 108 provided on the inner surface of the tank and the content vibration restraint. Furthermore, when inserting the content structure into the tank, since the bolt insertion direction is aligned, there is a restriction on the position in the circumferential direction, resulting in deterioration of workability.

The present invention solves these problems.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, in each drawing for describing the embodiments, the same components are given the same names and symbols, and the repeated description thereof is omitted.

FIG. 1 shows a content fixing structure in a single-phase transformer of Example 1 of the present invention. FIG. 1(a) shows a top view of a single-phase transformer, and FIG. 1(b) shows a front view of the single-phase transformer.

The single-phase transformer 10 includes a rectangular iron core 102, a coil 103 wound around two legs of the iron core 102, and upper and lower fasteners 104 and 105 attached to the upper and lower portions of the iron core 102. The contents of the transformer are configured. The transformer contents are inserted into tank 101 . On both sides of the upper fastener 104, L-shaped content fixing plate mounting seats 202 are attached by welding or bolts. After inserting the contents of the transformer into the tank, the contents fixing plate 201 made of non-magnetic material is fitted between the contents fixing plate mounting seat 202 and the inner surface of the transformer tank 101 . The content fixing plate 201 may be fixed to the content fixing plate mounting seat 202 with a bolt or an adhesive. It is preferable that the plate 201 for fixing the contents has an arcuate shape (arc shape) that abuts on the inner surface of the transformer tank 101 . By fitting the plates 201 for fixing the contents to both sides of the contents of the transformer, the structure in which the contents of the transformer are fixed is obtained.

FIG. 2 shows an enlarged view of a state in which the contents fixing plate 201 is inserted between the contents fixing plate mounting seat 202 and the inside of the tank 101 . By placing one end of the content fixing plate 201 on the content fixing plate mounting seat 202 and pushing in the content fixing plate 201, the content fixing plate 201 is attached in contact with the inner surface of the tank.

FIG. 3 shows a shape of a modification of the plate 201 for fixing contents. Fig. 3(a) shows an arc shape with both sides cut away, Fig. 3(b) shows a triangular shape on the inner side of the tank, Fig. 3(c) shows an opening in the center of Fig. 3(a) FIG. 3(d) is the one with a triangular opening 209 in the center in FIG. 3(b), FIG. 3(e) is the one with a rectangular shape, and FIG. The inner surface of the tank is trapezoidal, FIG. 3(g) is the one with an opening 209 in the center in FIG. 3(e), and FIG. 3(h) is an opening in the center in FIG. 3(f) A part 209 is provided. Each of the contents fixing plates 201 has a structure that contacts the inner surface of the tank at one or more points.

As shown in FIGS. 3(c), 3(d), 3(g) and 3(h), an opening 209 is provided in the plate 201 for fixing the contents, and an electric wire is passed through the opening 209, so that the contents of the transformer can be removed when or after the tank is inserted. It becomes possible to reduce the contact between the electric wire and the inner surface of the tank.

According to this embodiment, since the content fixing plate is fitted to fix the content structure, there is no need to provide a content fixing seat inside the tank, and when the content structure is inserted into the tank, there are no restrictions on the position in the circumferential direction. facilitating the insertion of the filling structure into the tank. In addition, there is no need to tighten the bolts, which facilitates the fixing of the internal structure to the tank.

FIG. 4 shows the content fixing structure in the V-connected transformer of the second embodiment. FIG. 4(a) shows a top view of the V-connected transformer, and FIG. 4(b) shows a front view of the V-connected transformer.

The V-connection transformer is configured by stacking a lower phase transformer 20 and an upper phase transformer 25, and the lower phase transformer 20 includes a core 102, a coil 103 wound around the core 102, an upper portion of the core 102 and a The upper phase transformer 25 is composed of a lower phase upper fastener 111 and a lower phase lower fastener 112 attached to the lower part, and the upper phase transformer 25 includes the iron core 102, the coil 103 wound around the iron core 102, and the iron core 102. It consists of an upper phase upper fastener 109 and an upper phase lower fastener 110 attached to the upper and lower portions. The inside of the transformer is configured by stacking the upper phase transformer 25 on the lower phase transformer 20 and connecting them with the connecting fittings 113 . Then, the contents of the transformer are inserted into the tank 101 .

Fix the transformer contents as follows. In the intermediate part of the transformer contents, the content fixing plate mounting seat 203 is fixed to the upper phase lower clamping member 110 or the lower phase upper clamping member 111 by welding or bolts, and the content fixing plate is attached to the content fixing plate mounting seat 203. 201 is slid and sandwiched. The fixing of the intermediate part of the transformer contents is explained in detail in the description of FIG. The contents of the transformer are inserted into the tank 101 while the contents fixing plate 201 is sandwiched between the upper phase lower fasteners 110 or the lower phase upper fasteners 111 . The fixing of the upper part of the transformer contents is the same as in the first embodiment. That is, an L-shaped content fixing plate mounting seat 202 is attached to the upper fastener 109 by welding or bolts. Then, with the contents of the transformer inserted into the tank 101, the contents fixing plate 201 is fitted between the contents fixing plate mounting seat 202 and the inner surface of the transformer tank 101 from the top of the transformer tank. The content fixing plate 201 may be fixed to the content fixing plate mounting seat 202 with a bolt or an adhesive.

In the figure, the plate 201 for fixing the contents is provided at the position opposite to the middle part of the transformer contents and the upper part of the transformer contents. A content fixing plate 201 may be provided.

FIG. 5 shows an enlarged view of a state in which the content fixing plate 201 is inserted into the content fixing plate mounting seat 203 in the intermediate portion of the transformer content. A U-shaped content fixing plate mounting seat 203 is fixed to the lower phase upper fastener 111 by welding or bolts. Then, the content fixing plate 201 is slid into the U-shaped hole of the content fixing plate mounting seat 203 and sandwiched therebetween.

According to the present embodiment, in addition to the effect of the first embodiment, since the inner surface of the tank is pressed by the plate 201 for fixing the contents at both the middle part and the upper part of the transformer contents, the middle part is also pressed, so that the contents structure vibration can be reduced.

FIG. 6 shows the content fixing structure in the V-connection transformer of Example 3. As shown in FIG. FIG. 6(a) shows a top view of the V-connected transformer, and FIG. 6(b) shows a front view of the V-connected transformer.

In this embodiment, a mounting structure similar to that of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is used for mounting the middle part and upper part of the transformer. In the intermediate part of the transformer contents, a content fixing plate mounting seat 202 is fixed to the upper phase lower clamping member 110 or the lower phase upper clamping member 111 by welding or bolts, and the content fixing plate is attached to the content fixing plate mounting seat 202. 201 is slid and sandwiched. In mounting the upper part of the transformer contents, one or more contents fixing plate mounting seats 204 are fixed to the upper upper clamping member 109 by welding or bolts, and the contents fixing plate 201 is slid onto the contents fixing plate mounting seats 204. and sandwiched between them. Also, the content fixing plate mounting seat 204 has a structure in which one or more openings 205 are provided. In this state, the contents of the transformer are inserted into the tank 101 . Then, the content fixing plate 201 is moved from the content fixing plate mounting seat 204 toward the inner surface of the tank to the opening 205 of the content fixing plate mounting seat 204. A stopper plate 206 made of the same material as the content fixing plate 201 is inserted, and the content fixing plate 201 is fixed in contact with the inner surface of the tank.

FIG. 7 shows when the contents fixing plate 201 inserted into the contents fixing plate mounting seat 204 is moved from the contents fixing plate mounting seat 204 toward the inner surface of the tank, and the stopper plate 206 is inserted into the opening 205. A magnified view is shown. FIG. 7(a) is a top view, FIG. 7(b) is a front view, and FIGS. 7(c) to 7(e) are examples of the shape of the stopper plate. As indicated by the arrow, the content fixing plate 201 is moved from the content fixing plate mounting seat 204 toward the inner surface of the tank, and the stopper plate 206 is inserted into the opening 205 of the content fixing plate mounting seat 204 as indicated by the arrow. to fix the contents fixing plate 201 . As for the stopper plate 206, one stopper plate 206 may be inserted on the side opposite to the inside of the tank of the plate 201 for fixing contents (Fig. 7(c)), but as shown by the arrow in Fig. 7(a), The stopper plate 206 may be divided into two (FIG. 7(d)) and moved vertically in the figure. In this case, as shown in FIG. 7(e), it is preferable to form the stopper plate 206 into a wedge shape.

In this embodiment as well, by pressing the inner surface of the tank with the plate 201 for fixing the contents at both the middle part and the upper part of the contents of the transformer, the vibration of the contents structure can be reduced because the middle part is also pressed. Further, by moving the plate for fixing the contents toward the inner surface of the tank and fixing it with the stopper plate, the contents of the transformer can be attached to tanks having different diameters.

8 and 9 show enlarged views of modifications in which the sliding method of the plate 201 for fixing contents is changed under the same conditions as in FIG. 7 of the third embodiment. In FIG. 8, the size of the content fixing plate mounting seat 204 is smaller than that of the content fixing plate 201, and the content fixing plate 201 is moved from both sides of the content fixing plate mounting seat 204 toward the inner surface of the tank. A stopper plate 207 made of the same material as the content fixing plate 201 is inserted into the opened gap and fixed. 8(c) and (d) show examples of the shape of the stopper plate 207. FIG. The stopper plate 207 may have a constant width as shown in FIG. 8(c), but preferably has a wedge shape as shown in FIG. 8(d). The wedge shape allows the content fixing plate 201 to be pressed against the inner surface of the tank.

In FIG. 9, the side surface of the content fixing plate mounting seat 204 is threaded, and a bolt 301 is used to move the content fixing plate 201 toward the inner surface 101 of the tank. By rotating the bolt, the contents fixing plate 201 can be pressed against the inner surface of the tank and fixed.

FIG. 10 shows the fixing structure of the V-connection transformer of Example 4. As shown in FIG. In Example 4, the shape of the content fixing plate 201 was changed under the same conditions as in Example 3.

11A and 11B are enlarged views of the content fixing plate mounting seat 203 and the content fixing plate 201, in which FIG. 11A is a top view, FIG. 11B is a front view, and FIG. 1 is a front view of an example; FIG. In the figure, one content fixing plate 201a is inserted into the tank 101 with one content fixing plate 201a sandwiched between the content fixing plate mounting seats 203, and the other content fixing plate 201a is inserted into the tank 101. After the plate 201b is inserted into the tank, the plate 201b is fastened and fixed with a bolt 301 and a nut 302 while being in contact with the inner surface of the tank. Besides fastening with bolts and nuts, an adhesive or a keyway may be provided to fix the contents fixing plates 201a and 201b together.

In FIG. 11(b), a notch is provided in one of the contents fixing plates 201a and the other contents fixing plate 201b, and the two are overlapped by the notches and fastened with a bolt 301 and a nut 302. FIG. FIG. 11(c) shows a content fixing plate 201b overlaid on both sides of one content fixing plate 201a and fastened with a bolt 301 and a nut 302. FIG.

In this embodiment as well, by pressing the inner surface of the tank with the plate 201 for fixing the contents at both the middle part and the upper part of the contents of the transformer, the vibration of the contents structure can be reduced because the middle part is also pressed. In addition, there is no need to provide a content fixing seat inside the tank, and when inserting the content structure into the tank, there is no restriction on the position in the circumferential direction, and the insertion of the content structure into the tank is facilitated.

FIG. 12 shows a content fixing plate stabilization wedge 401 made of a soft material that fills the gap between the inner surface of the tank and the content fixing plate 201 of the transformer of the fifth embodiment. FIG. 12(a) is a view of the content fixing plate stabilizing wedge 401 viewed from three directions, and FIG. 12(b) shows the content fixing plate stabilizing wedge 401 inserted from the circumferential direction into the content fixing plate 201 FIG. 12(c) is a view in which a content fixing plate stabilizing wedge 401 is inserted into the content fixing plate 201 from the height direction.

As shown in the view from three directions in FIG. 12(a), the content fixing plate stabilizing wedge 401 is a wedge with a triangular outer shape, and has a central part with substantially the same width as the content fixing plate 201. , wedge-shaped notches 402 are formed. As shown in FIG. 12(b), when there is a gap between the inner surface of the tank and the content fixing plate 201, the content fixing plate stabilizing wedge 401 is placed in the circumferential direction of the tank in order to provide interchangeability of the transformer tank. The notch 402 provided in the empty wedge is slid and fixed in a state where it is aligned with the plate 201 for fixing the contents. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 12(c), a content fixing plate stabilization wedge 401 is inserted between the content fixing plate 201 along the inner surface of the tank from the height direction of the tank.

According to this embodiment, by using the plate stabilization wedge for fixing the contents, it is possible to attach the contents of the transformer to tanks having different diameters, thereby adding interchangeability of the tank diameters.

FIG. 13 shows the fixing structure of the transformer of Example 6. As shown in FIG. FIG. 13(b) is a front view, and FIG. 13(a) is a top view of FIG. 13(b) taken along line A-A'.

In this embodiment, the bottom surface of the lower fastener 501 is disk-shaped, and the outer shape of the bottom surface of the lower fastener is smaller than the inner surface of the tank. As a result, it is possible to reduce deterioration in workability when inserting the core structure into the tank, and to fix the core structure without using the core anti-vibration. A reference numeral 502 denotes a positioning projection for positioning the iron core 102 .

The multiple embodiments described above do not limit the configuration of the present invention, and the effects provided by the present invention can be similarly obtained by combining arbitrary multiple embodiments.

Moreover, although the above-described embodiments have been described using transformers as examples, the present invention can be used for static induction devices including reactors.

Reference Signs List 10 Single-phase transformer 20 Lower phase transformer 25 Upper phase transformer 101 Transformer tank 102 Core 103 Coil 104 Upper fastener 105 Lower fastener 106 Content fixing hardware 107 Tap changer 108 Content fixing seat 109 Upper phase upper fastener 110 Upper phase lower fastener 111 Lower phase upper fastener 112 Lower phase lower fastener 113 Connecting metal 114 Fastening bolt 201 Content fixing plate 202 Content fixing plate mounting seat 203 Content fixing plate mounting seat 204 Content fixing plate mounting seat 205 Content fixing plate mounting seat opening 206 Stopper plate 207 Stopper plate 209 Content fixing plate opening 301 --- Bolt 302 --- Nut 401 --- Content fixing plate stabilization wedge 402 --- Notch of content-fixing plate stabilization wedge 501 --- Bottom fastener 502 --- Positioning projection

Claims (4)

A stationary induction device in which the contents composed of an iron core and a coil wound around the iron core are inserted into a tank,
A content fixing plate mounting seat is fixed to the fastener for fixing the iron core and the coil, and a content fixing plate is provided between the content fixing plate mounting seat and the inner surface of the tank to contact the inner surface of the tank . can be,
The content fixing plate mounting seat is U-shaped, and the content fixing plate is sandwiched between the U-shaped content fixing plate mounting seat,
The plate for fixing contents slides in the direction of the inner surface of the tank and is fixed by a stopper plate,
The stationary induction device , wherein the stopper plate is wedge-shaped and is inserted on the side opposite to the inner surface of the tank of the plate for fixing contents . A stationary induction device in which the contents composed of an iron core and a coil wound around the iron core are inserted into a tank,
A static induction device is a stack of single-phase transformers in two stages,
In the intermediate portion, a U-shaped content fixing plate mounting seat is fixed to the fastener for fixing the core and the coil , and the content fixing plate is sandwiched between the U-shaped content fixing plate mounting seat,
In the upper part, an L-shaped content fixing plate mounting seat is fixed to the fastener for fixing the iron core and the coil , and between the L-shaped content fixing plate mounting seat and the inner surface of the tank, the inner surface of the tank A stationary induction device characterized by having a content fixing plate that abuts against it. In the stationary induction device according to claim 2 ,
The U-shaped content fixing plate mounting seat in the intermediate portion and the L-shaped content fixing plate mounting seat in the upper portion are arranged at positions opposite to the content. stationary induction equipment. A stationary induction device in which the contents composed of an iron core and a coil wound around the iron core are inserted into a tank,
Fix the plate mounting seat for fixing the contents to the fastener for fixing the core and coil,
A content fixing plate is provided between the content fixing plate mounting seat and the inner surface of the tank, and is in contact with the inner surface of the tank,
A stationary induction device, wherein the plate for fixing contents has a shape that contacts the inner surface of the tank at one or more points, and has an opening for supporting the electric wire.

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