JP7170443B2 - Alarm device and method for setting frequency of its alarm sound - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an alarm device that issues an alarm sound to warn of the occurrence of a fire and a method for setting the frequency of the alarm sound.

There are various types of alarm devices that issue an alarm for the occurrence of a fire. Among them, there is one called "emergency alarm equipment" that issues an alarm by emitting an alarm sound.

The emergency alarm equipment includes an activation device, an audio device, and an indicator light, and is configured to emit an alarm sound from the audio device when the activation device is operated when a fire occurs (see, for example, Patent Document 1. ). The indicator lamp is for indicating the position of the activation device by lighting in red.

In emergency alarm equipment, a fixed sound with a constant frequency and a sweep sound with a frequency that changes with the passage of time are used as alarm sounds.

Here, in the case of the emergency alarm equipment, in the case of what is called a compound device further comprising an emergency power supply (secondary battery), in addition to the above-mentioned "ordinary type" equipped with an activation device, an audio device, and an indicator lamp, an additional audio device There is a thing called "expansion type". The additional sound device has a sound device that emits an alarm sound, but does not have a starter or indicator light, and emits an alarm sound in conjunction with other emergency alarm equipment. Furthermore, all emergency alarm equipment are installed on fire prevention objects by installing the housing on the installation surface. Also, there are "embedded type" which is installed so that the housing is embedded in the installation surface, and "exposed type" which is installed so that the housing is exposed from the installation surface. In addition, for emergency alarm equipment, both normal type and expansion type are installed both indoors and outdoors. (see, for example, Patent Document 1 as a "rainproof type"). The extension type is installed only outdoors, and is only a "rainproof type" with a waterproof structure.

In other words, in the case of emergency alarm equipment, in the case of what is called a "composite device", there are differences in the structure of the device (with or without a waterproof structure and with or without an indicator light) and in the manner of installation (embedded in the housing). Depending on the difference in exposure), for example, a combination of a normal type of device structure and an embedded type of installation (hereinafter referred to as "normal type / embedded type"), or a combination of a normal type of device structure and installation is a combination of the exposed type (hereinafter referred to as "normal type/exposed type"), the device structure is a normal rainproof type, and the installation mode is a combination of the embedded type (hereinafter referred to as "rainproof type/exposed type"). "Embedded type"), the structure of the device is a combination of the rainproof type of the normal type and the installation mode is an exposed type (hereinafter referred to as "rainproof type / exposed type"), and the structure of the device is an expansion type. , a combination of an embedded type of installation (hereinafter referred to as "expansion type/embedded type"), a combination of an expansion type device structure and an exposed type of installation (hereinafter referred to as "expansion type/exposed type") There are multiple types such as

JP-A-10-11679

There are several types of emergency alarm equipment, as described above. The same housing and circuit board are commonly used for each type. In addition, both the frequency of the fixed sound and the frequency (range) of the sweep sound are set on the board. That is, the frequency of the alarm sound is generally the same for each type, both for the fixed sound frequency and for the sweep sound frequency.

In emergency alarm equipment, the alarm sound must have a sound pressure of 90 dB or higher (hereinafter also referred to as "sound pressure level") ("Emergency Alarm Equipment Standards (Fire and Disaster Management Agency Notification)").

Conventionally, the frequency of the fixed sound is specifically set to the center value of the frequency corresponding to the peak sound pressure level in the band suitable for use. It is desirable that the frequency be the frequency at which the sound pressure level peaks in each type.

However, each type has different acoustic characteristics and a different sound pressure level for each frequency due to the difference in the structure of the device and the difference in the mode of installation. That is, the frequency at which the sound pressure level of the fixed sound peaks differs for each type.

Therefore, there is a problem that the frequency at which the sound pressure level of each type of fixed sound reaches its peak is different from the frequency at which the sound pressure level of each type of fixed sound peaks. The problem is that it is lower than

If the frequency of the fixed sound is set to a value that maximizes the sound pressure level of the fixed sound for each type, the above problem can be solved, but there is another problem that manufacturing becomes complicated. will give rise to

Here, there is also an emergency alarm system called an "integrated type" that does not have an emergency power source. Also, as a device having a structure similar to that of an emergency alarm device, there is a device storage box provided in an automatic fire alarm device and equipped with a district acoustic device and a transmitter. Integrated emergency alarm systems and equipment storage boxes also have the same problems as described above.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to increase the sound pressure of an alarm sound in a plurality of types of alarm devices having different acoustic characteristics.

The present invention is an alarm device that emits an alarm sound for notifying a fire that has occurred in a fire prevention object, and in the alarm device having a plurality of types with different acoustic characteristics, the alarm sound has a plurality of frequencies each of which is constant. The plurality of frequencies are used in common by two or more of the plurality of types of alarm devices, and the type of alarm device with the lowest relative sound pressure , with reference to the frequency corresponding to the peak sound pressure, and is determined within a range in which the frequency is the lowest frequency or the highest frequency .

In addition, the present invention is an alarm device that emits an alarm sound to notify a fire that has occurred in a fire prevention object, and is an alarm device that has a plurality of types of alarm devices that share a housing and a circuit board but have different acoustic characteristics. , the alarm sound includes a plurality of fixed sounds, each of which has a constant frequency, and a sweep sound whose frequency changes with the passage of time, wherein the sweep sound is emitted between the fixed sounds. , the plurality of frequencies are commonly used by two or more of the plurality of types of alarm devices .

ここで、式中のｎは整数である。 In addition, the present invention is an alarm device that emits an alarm sound to notify a fire that has occurred in a fire prevention object, and is an alarm device that has a plurality of types of alarm devices that share a housing and a circuit board but have different acoustic characteristics. , the alarm sounds include those sequentially generated as fixed sounds having a plurality of frequencies, wherein the plurality of frequencies are used in common by two or more of the plurality of types of alarm devices, and the fixed sounds This alarm device is characterized in that, between a plurality of frequencies of sound, there is a frequency width that maximizes a value W (Hz) obtained by the following equation.

Here, n in the formula is an integer.

Further, the present invention is a method for setting the frequency of an alarm sound in a plurality of types of alarm devices having different acoustic characteristics for issuing an alarm sound for notifying a fire that has occurred in a fire prevention object , wherein: The alarm device includes one in which the alarm sounds are sequentially issued as fixed sounds with a plurality of frequencies, and the plurality of frequencies are used in common by two or more of the plurality of types of alarm devices. In the step of determining the plurality of frequencies of the fixed sound, the frequency is determined based on the frequency corresponding to the peak sound pressure in the alarm device of the type with the lowest relative sound pressure. The step of determining the plurality of frequencies from within the range of the lowest or highest frequency , or the frequency corresponding to the peak sound pressure in the alarm device of the type with the lowest relative sound pressure. , determining said plurality of frequencies from within a range of frequencies between which said frequencies are set.

The present invention also provides an alarm device that emits an alarm sound for announcing a fire that has broken out in a fire prevention object, the alarm device having a plurality of types with different acoustic characteristics, wherein the alarm sound has a plurality of frequencies. A type of alarm, including one that is emitted sequentially as a constant fixed sound, wherein the plurality of frequencies are used in common by two or more of the plurality of types of alarm devices, and the sound pressure is relatively lowest. An alarm device characterized in that a frequency corresponding to a peak sound pressure in the device is used as a reference, and the frequency is determined within a range of frequencies therebetween.

According to the present invention, in alarm devices having a plurality of types with different acoustic characteristics, fixed sounds can be sequentially emitted as alarm sounds at a plurality of frequencies and at a plurality of sound pressures.

Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to increase the sound pressure of the alarm sound in a plurality of types of alarm devices having different acoustic characteristics.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is the figure which showed an example of the apparatus to which this invention is applicable, (a) is a front view of emergency alarm equipment (complex apparatus), (b) is a side view. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the frequency of a fixed sound and the sound pressure level in a plurality of types of devices with different acoustic characteristics to which the present invention is applicable; The graph does not represent the measured values as they are, but represents simplified changes in sound pressure levels of each type.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings, taking as an example a case of applying it to an emergency alarm system (composite device). The present invention can also be applied to an emergency alarm system (integrated type) and an equipment storage box equipped with a district acoustic device and a transmitter.

[Basic configuration of emergency alarm system]
First, with reference to FIG. 1, an emergency alarm system (composite system), which is an example of a system to which the present invention can be applied, will be briefly described.

In FIG. 1, the emergency alarm equipment 1 is provided with a housing 2, an activation device 3, a sound device 4, and an indicator lamp 5, and since it is a composite device, an emergency power supply (secondary battery) is provided in the housing. 2 (illustration omitted).

In the emergency alarm equipment 1, the housing 2 has a panel 2a on the front of the box-shaped portion in which each device is built. The panel 2a is provided with a push button switch 3a that serves as an operating portion of the activation device 3, a sound hole 4a of the acoustic device 4, and a globe 5a of the indicator lamp 5. As shown in FIG.

The emergency alarm equipment 1 notifies a fire that has occurred in a fire prevention object. When a fire breaks out, the device is activated by pressing the push button switch 3a of the activation device 3, and an alarm is issued from the sound device 4 through the sound hole 4a. make a sound.

Here, the emergency alarm equipment 1 corresponds to the above-mentioned "ordinary type" as a device structure. That is, the above-mentioned "rainproof type" corresponds to the emergency alarm equipment 1 with a waterproof structure, and the above-mentioned "additional type (additional sound device)" does not have the activation device 3 and the indicator light 5 )”. Furthermore, as the mode of each installation, the box-shaped portion of the housing 2 is embedded in the installation surface (the panel 2a is exposed), and the box-shaped type corresponds to the above-mentioned "embedded type". There is also a type that corresponds to the above-mentioned "exposed type" in which the part to be formed is exposed.

In other words, the emergency alarm equipment 1, including the "expansion type (expansion sound equipment)", can be divided into the above-mentioned "ordinary type/embedded type", "ordinary type/ There are multiple types such as "exposed type", "rainproof/embedded type", "rainproof/exposed type", "expansion type/embedded type", and "expansion type/exposed type". Furthermore, although the same housing and circuit board are used in common for each type, as explained above, due to differences in the structure of the device and the mode of installation, each type has a different acoustic response to the alarm sound. The characteristics are different, and the sound pressure level for each frequency of the alarm sound is different.

[Fixed sound with multiple frequencies]
In the emergency alarm equipment 1, the alarm sounds include those sequentially issued as fixed sounds having a plurality of frequencies. The multiple frequencies of the fixed sounds are used as common to at least two of the multiple types, such as the types having different acoustic characteristics, for example. Thus, in a plurality of types having different acoustic characteristics, fixed sounds can be sequentially emitted at a plurality of frequencies and at a plurality of sound pressure levels. It should be noted that "sequentially" does not have to be in order, but means that multiple frequencies are used at different timings.

Here, FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the frequency of fixed sounds and the sound pressure level for a plurality of types with different acoustic characteristics. This graph is based on measured values for each type of emergency alarm system (the sound pressure level was measured by a sound level meter). It is a simplified representation of changes in pressure level based on measured values. The vertical dashed line indicates the frequency at which the sound pressure level of each type peaks.

In FIG. 2, Graph 1 is for the normal/embedded type, Graph 2 is for the rainproof/embedded type, Graph 3 is for the extension/embedded type, and Graph 4 is for the normal/embedded type. Graph 5 corresponds to the exposed type, graph 5 corresponds to the rainproof/exposed type, and graph 6 corresponds to the extension/exposed type.

It should be noted that a band suitable for selecting the frequency of the fixed sound is normally, for example, 100 Hz to 4000 Hz. FIG. 2 shows the change in sound pressure level in the range of 1900 Hz to 2200 Hz in that band. Within the frequency range of FIG. 2, each type of sound pressure level satisfies the criterion of 90 dB or more, but the frequency corresponding to the peak sound pressure level is different (see the vertical dashed line). A plurality of fixed sound frequencies are selected, for example, from the band described above, the detailed method of which will be described later.

[Reference frequency of fixed sound]
Corresponds to the lowest sound pressure level in the type with the lowest peak sound pressure level for each type (if there are two types, the type with the lower peak sound pressure level; hereinafter the same) A frequency (including adjacent frequencies) can be selected as a reference frequency for multiple frequencies of the fixed tone. By doing so, in the type with the lowest sound pressure level, the frequency selected as the reference can correspond to the frequency at which the sound pressure level peaks.

Using this reference frequency as a reference, a plurality of fixed sound frequencies can be selected from within a predetermined frequency range. Specifically, the frequencies of the fixed sound can be selected, for example, from within a predetermined range of frequencies in which the reference frequency is the highest or lowest, and within a predetermined range of frequencies between which the reference frequency is You can choose from

The graph in FIG. 2 shows the case where the frequency corresponding to the peak sound pressure level in the graph 6 type with the lowest peak sound pressure level is selected as the reference frequency for the multiple frequencies of the fixed sound. there is A case is shown in which the reference frequency is selected as the first ringing frequency, which is one of a plurality of frequencies of the fixed sound and is on the reference frequency side (see the vertical solid line). The first ringing frequency differs from the frequency at which the respective sound pressure levels peak in the other types of graphs 1-5. However, the sound pressure levels corresponding to the first ringing frequencies are all higher than the sound pressure level of the graph 6 type. In the graph of FIG. 2, the first ringing frequency is, for example, about 2070 Hz, but the frequency actually used as the first ringing frequency is determined based on actual measurements. In the case of the example of the graph in FIG. 2, the reference frequency itself is selected as the frequency on the reference frequency side of the plurality of frequencies of the fixed sound. may be selected as the frequency of

[Frequency width of fixed sound]
The frequency width (frequency difference) between multiple frequencies of the fixed sound can be set within a range in which the difference cannot be discerned by human hearing. In other words, the plurality of frequencies of the fixed sound can be selected within a range of frequency widths that cannot be distinguished by human hearing. By doing so, even if fixed sounds are emitted at a plurality of frequencies, it is possible to make it difficult for people to notice the difference in pitch, and to prevent them from feeling uncomfortable.

Here, a frequency width that cannot be distinguished by human hearing will be described.

発明者等による実験によれば、固定音の周波数が２２７０Ｈｚである場合、その周波数から２０Ｈｚ程度の差までは明確な違いを感じ取るのは難しかった（実験は、非常警報設備１と同様の装置を使用して行い、必要な測定は騒音計により行った。）。
実験の結果より、音律間ａを等分した際に２０Ｈｚとなる値を求めると、次式の通りとなる。

そして、周波数幅Ｗ（Ｈｚ）は音階の幅をａで割ったものであるため、任意の周波数ｘが４４０×２^ｎ／１２ ≦ｘ＜４４０×２^{（ｎ＋１）／１２}の範囲にあるとき、周波数幅Ｗ（Ｈｚ）は、次式によって表すことができる。

したがって、人の聴覚では違いが判別できない程度の周波数幅の最大値は、前記の式によって求められる周波数幅Ｗ（Ｈｚ）ということができる。 First, (1) the standard frequency (the frequency of A on the 49th key of a piano) defined by ISO in 1953 is 440 Hz. (2) A sound one octave higher has double the frequency. (3) A sound one octave lower has half the frequency. (4) A temperament can be obtained by dividing one octave with an equal frequency ratio (12 equal temperament). From these four points, it can be said that an arbitrary frequency xHz exists between the scales of the following formula (where n is an integer).

According to experiments by the inventors, when the frequency of the fixed sound is 2270 Hz, it is difficult to perceive a clear difference up to a difference of about 20 Hz from that frequency. The necessary measurements were made with a sound level meter.).
From the results of the experiment, the value that becomes 20 Hz when equally dividing the pitch interval a is obtained by the following equation.

Since the frequency width W (Hz) is the width of the scale divided by a, when any frequency x is in the range of 440×2 ^n/12 ≦x<440×2 ^(n+1)/12 , The frequency width W (Hz) can be expressed by the following equation.

Therefore, it can be said that the maximum value of the frequency width at which the difference cannot be discerned by human hearing is the frequency width W (Hz) obtained by the above formula.

In other words, the frequency width between multiple frequencies of the fixed sound is within a range in which the maximum value is the frequency width W (Hz), which is obtained by the above formula based on the reference frequency, and is such that the difference cannot be discerned by human hearing. can be selected by Specifically, for example, the frequency width W (Hz) at which the reference frequency is the lowest or highest is selected within a range in which the maximum value is the frequency width W (Hz), or the frequency width W (Hz) is the maximum value.

Note that the frequency width W (Hz) obtained by the above formula is the maximum value, and can be set to any value less than or equal to 20 Hz, such as 15 Hz or 10 Hz.

In the example of the graph in FIG. 2, the first ringing frequency, which is also the reference frequency, is the highest, and the frequency width W (Hz) is the maximum value. This shows a case where the second ringing frequency, which is the frequency on the side other than the reference frequency, is selected. Specifically, the frequency range between the first ringing frequency and the first ringing frequency is set to 15 Hz, and a frequency smaller than the first ringing frequency by that frequency, for example, about 2055 Hz, is selected as the second ringing frequency. there is Although two frequencies are used as the plurality of frequencies of the fixed sound in the example of the graph in FIG. 2, three or more frequencies may be used.

In the case of the graph example of FIG. 2, in all types of graphs 1 to 5, the sound pressure level corresponding to the second ringing frequency is closer to the peak than that corresponding to the first ringing frequency. ing. That is, the sound pressure level of the fixed sound with the second ringing frequency is higher than that of the fixed sound with the first ringing frequency. In graph 6, the sound pressure level of the fixed sound with the first ringing frequency is higher than that of the fixed sound with the second ringing frequency, but the sound pressure level of the fixed sound with the first ringing frequency is at the peak sound pressure level level.

In other words, in the example of the graph in FIG. 2, by selecting a plurality of frequencies of the fixed sound as described above, the first ringing frequency can be emitted at a peak sound pressure level, and in the other types of graphs 1 to 5, the fixed sound of the second ringing frequency can be emitted at a peak sound pressure level higher than the fixed sound of the first ringing frequency. , and can be emitted at higher sound pressure levels.

Based on the relationship between the frequency corresponding to the sound pressure level of the type with the lowest sound pressure level at which the fixed sound peaks and the frequency corresponding to the sound pressure level at which the fixed sound peaks in other types, the fixed sound can be selected within a predetermined frequency width within which the reference frequency is the lowest or highest, or within a predetermined frequency width between which the reference frequencies are located.

For example, as in the example of the graph in Fig. 2, the frequency corresponding to the peak sound pressure level of the fixed sound in the other types is lower than the type with the lowest sound pressure level that is the peak of the fixed sound. , a plurality of frequencies of the fixed sound are selected within a predetermined frequency range with the highest reference frequency. Conversely, if the frequencies corresponding to the peak sound pressure levels of the fixed sound in the other types are all on the high side, the multiple frequencies of the fixed sound are set to the predetermined frequency width where the reference frequency is the lowest. Select within range. In any case, as described above, in the type with the lowest sound pressure level that becomes the peak of the fixed sound, the fixed sound of the frequency on the reference frequency side can be emitted at a peak or a sound pressure level close to it, In other types, the fixed sound of the frequency on the non-reference frequency side can be brought closer to each peak than the fixed sound of the frequency on the reference frequency side, and can be emitted at a higher sound pressure level. . In addition, when the frequency corresponding to the peak sound pressure level of the fixed sound is on both the low side and the high side for the type with the lowest sound pressure level of the fixed sound peak in other types, that type Depending on the distribution, the frequencies of the fixed sound may be selected within a predetermined frequency range in which the reference frequency is lowest or highest, or selected within a predetermined frequency range in which the reference frequencies are in between. Just do it.

[How to set multiple frequencies for fixed sounds]
In the present invention, a method of setting a plurality of frequencies of fixed sounds may include, for example, any one of the following steps.
Step S: With reference to the frequency corresponding to the peak sound pressure in the alarm device of the type with the lowest relative sound pressure, the plurality of frequencies from the range where that frequency is the lowest or highest frequency to decide.
Step S': Determine the plurality of frequencies from within the range between the frequencies corresponding to the peak sound pressure of the alarm device of the type with the relatively lowest sound pressure. .
In both steps S and S', the frequency width W (Hz) can be determined within the range of the frequency width that can be determined by the formula for determining the frequency width W (Hz).

[Sweep sound]
As the warning sound, a sweep sound whose frequency changes over time (for example, a sweep sound that changes between 500 Hz and 4000 Hz) can be emitted between the fixed sounds of a plurality of frequencies. By doing so, it is possible to make it more difficult for a person to notice the difference in the pitch of the fixed sound, and it is possible to further prevent the feeling of discomfort. For example, as in the example of the graph in FIG. 2, when the frequency of the fixed sound is set to two, the order of the fixed sound with the first ringing frequency, the sweep sound, the fixed sound with the second ringing frequency, and the sweep sound. , and it can be repeated as a unit. Of course, silence may be interposed between each sound.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the gist of the invention.

1: Emergency alarm equipment 2: Housing 2a: Panel 3: Starter 3a: Push button switch 4: Acoustic device 4a: Sound hole 5: Indicator light 5a: Glove Graph 1: Normal type/Embedded type Graph 2: Rainproof Type/Embedded type Graph 3: Expansion type/Embedded type Graph 4: Normal type/Exposed type Graph 5: Rainproof type/Exposed type Graph 6: Expansion type/Exposed type

Claims (5)

An alarm device that emits an alarm sound to notify a fire that has occurred in a fire prevention object, and has a plurality of types of alarm devices with different acoustic characteristics,
The alarm sound includes one that is sequentially emitted as a fixed sound with a plurality of frequencies,
The plurality of frequencies are used in common by two or more of the plurality of types of alarm devices, and the frequency corresponding to the peak sound pressure in the type of alarm device with the lowest relative sound pressure. An alarm device characterized in that it is determined from within a range in which the frequency is the lowest or highest frequency with reference to . An alarm device that emits an alarm sound to notify a fire that has occurred in a fire prevention object, and has a plurality of types of alarm devices that share a housing and a circuit board but have different acoustic characteristics,
The alarm sound includes a plurality of fixed sounds, each of which has a constant frequency, and a sweep sound whose frequency changes over time, wherein the sweep sound is emitted between the fixed sounds ,
An alarm device, wherein the plurality of frequencies are commonly used by two or more of the plurality of types of alarm devices . An alarm device that emits an alarm sound to notify a fire that has occurred in a fire prevention object, and has a plurality of types of alarm devices that share a housing and a circuit board but have different acoustic characteristics,
The alarm sound includes one that is sequentially emitted as a fixed sound with a plurality of frequencies,
the plurality of frequencies are commonly used by two or more of the plurality of types of alarm devices;
An alarm device characterized in that, between the plurality of frequencies of the fixed sound, there is a frequency width that maximizes a value W (Hz) obtained by the following equation.

Here, n in the formula is an integer. A method for setting the frequency of an alarm sound in a plurality of types of alarm devices with different acoustic characteristics that emits an alarm sound for notifying a fire that has occurred in a fire prevention object ,
Here, the alarm device includes one in which the alarm sounds are sequentially issued as fixed sounds having a plurality of frequencies, and the plurality of frequencies are common to two or more of the plurality of types of alarm devices. is used as
Determining a plurality of frequencies of the fixed sound includes:
Based on the frequency corresponding to the peak sound pressure in the alarm device of the type with the relatively lowest sound pressure, the plurality of frequencies are determined from the range in which the frequency is the lowest or highest frequency. stage , or
Determining the plurality of frequencies from within the range of frequencies between which the frequency corresponds to the peak sound pressure of the alarm device of the type with the lowest relative sound pressure; A method for setting an alarm sound frequency, comprising: An alarm device that emits an alarm sound to notify a fire that has occurred in a fire prevention object, and has a plurality of types of alarm devices with different acoustic characteristics,
The alarm sound includes one that is sequentially emitted as a fixed sound with a plurality of frequencies,
The plurality of frequencies are used in common by two or more of the plurality of types of alarm devices, and the frequency corresponding to the peak sound pressure in the type of alarm device with the lowest relative sound pressure. whose frequency is determined from within a range of frequencies in between .

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