JP7158636B1 - Machining evaluation device, machining system, and machining evaluation method - Google Patents

Abstract

A machining evaluation device (20a) for evaluating a part shape of a part formed by a mechanical device for machining a workpiece by driving a shaft, the part being included in the part after execution of a machining program for controlling machining. A machining allowance setting unit (100) for setting a machining allowance and a design value, which are allowances for machining errors for each specified part, which is a specified part among the parts that are designated, and a machine model that simulates the characteristics of the mechanical device. and a machining program (42), a machining simulation execution unit (101a) that executes a machining simulation of machining, and a simulation shape (47S) that is a part shape after the machining program predicted by the machining simulation is executed and a design value, a first machining result evaluation unit (102) for calculating a part machining error (48S), which is a predicted value of the machining error of the simulation shape, for each specified part.

Description

The present disclosure relates to a machining evaluation device, a machining system, and a machining evaluation method for evaluating a predicted shape of a part formed by machining by a mechanical device.

Mechanical devices such as numerically controlled machine tools, industrial robots, and the like that perform work using motion with multiple degrees of freedom have a plurality of axes that realize the multiple degrees of freedom and servo control devices that drive the axes. Such a mechanical device realizes motion with multiple degrees of freedom by controlling the position of an object for each axis and synchronously controlling the motion of each axis. For example, in a machine that processes a workpiece to form a part, the workpiece is machined while driving various driving objects such as a tool for machining and a workpiece to be machined with an axis. ing. A workpiece machined by such a machine may have an error in the shape of the finished part due to the characteristics of the machine. Therefore, it is desired to accurately evaluate the error of the machined shape.

The tool trajectory display device of Patent Document 1 detects a program trajectory, which is a trajectory of a tool center point corresponding to a machining program, a command trajectory, which is a trajectory of a tool center point corresponding to a command signal to a machine tool, and a detection device. The actual trajectory, which is the trajectory of the tool center point to be measured, and the tool vector representing the tool posture obtained from each of at least two trajectories are displayed in a mutually comparable manner. As a result, the tool locus display device allows the operator to identify the cause of the problem by visually displaying the machining shape error.

JP 2013-257809 A

However, with the technique of Patent Document 1, there is a problem that it is not possible to evaluate the machining error of the predicted shape for each part of a part having different tolerances for machining accuracy.

The present disclosure has been made in view of the above. Aimed at obtaining a device.

In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the machining evaluation apparatus of the present disclosure evaluates the shape of a part formed by a mechanical device that machines a workpiece by driving a shaft. and sets a machining tolerance value and a design value, which are machining error tolerance values for each specified portion, which is a specified portion among the portions included in the part after the machining program for controlling machining is executed. A processing data setting unit is provided. In addition, the machining evaluation apparatus of the present disclosure includes a machining simulation execution unit that executes a machining simulation of machining using a machine model that simulates the characteristics of the machine and a machining program, and a machining program predicted by the machining simulation. a first machining result evaluation unit that calculates a simulation machining error, which is a predicted value of the machining error of the simulation shape, for each specified portion based on the simulation shape, which is the part shape after being processed, and the design value. In addition, the machining evaluation apparatus of the present disclosure includes a display device that associates and displays the specified portion, the design value, and the simulation machining error for each specified portion.

The machining evaluation apparatus according to the present disclosure has the effect of making it possible to evaluate the machining error of a predicted shape for each part of a part having different tolerances for machining accuracy for each part.

1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a numerically controlled machine tool included in the machining system according to the first embodiment; FIG. Schematic diagram for explaining the configuration of an X-axis driving unit that constitutes the numerically controlled machine tool according to the first embodiment. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a servo control unit according to the first embodiment; FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a process control unit according to the first embodiment; FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration example of a machining system having the machining evaluation device according to the first embodiment; FIG. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a machining evaluation device included in the machining system according to the first embodiment; 4 is a flow chart showing processing procedures for machining evaluation by the machining system according to the first embodiment; FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining an example of design values and machining allowance values for each part of a part evaluated by the machining evaluation apparatus according to the first embodiment; FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a machining simulation execution unit included in the machining evaluation apparatus according to the first embodiment; FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an example of a part machining error output by the machining evaluation apparatus according to the first embodiment; FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a case where a processing circuit that realizes the machining evaluation device of the machining system according to the first embodiment is configured with a processor and a memory; FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a case where a processing circuit that realizes the processing evaluation apparatus according to the first embodiment is configured with dedicated hardware; FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a machining evaluation device included in the machining system according to the second embodiment; FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a two-dimensional CAD drawing input to the machining evaluation device according to the second embodiment; FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a machining simulation execution unit included in the machining evaluation apparatus according to the second embodiment; FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a machining evaluation device included in the machining system according to the third embodiment; FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a machining evaluation device included in the machining system according to the fourth embodiment; FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a machining evaluation device included in the machining system according to the fifth embodiment; FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a machining evaluation device included in the machining system according to the sixth embodiment; FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration example of a machining system having a machining evaluation device according to a sixth embodiment; FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a machining evaluation device included in a machining system according to a seventh embodiment; Block diagram showing a hardware configuration example of a machining system having a machining evaluation apparatus according to a seventh embodiment

A processing evaluation device, a processing system, and a processing evaluation method according to embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. In each embodiment shown below, a processing evaluation device for evaluating a predicted shape of a part formed by processing a workpiece by a numerically controlled machine tool, which is an example of a mechanical device, will be specifically described. The present disclosure is not limited to the configurations shown in each embodiment. The machining system equipped with the machining evaluation device described in each embodiment can be applied not only to numerically controlled machine tools, but also to various mechanical devices such as industrial machines and industrial robots that drive multiple axes to perform work. Applicable.

Embodiment 1.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a numerically controlled machine tool included in a machining system according to Embodiment 1. FIG. A numerically controlled machine tool 99 provided in a machining system (a machining system 1a to be described later) is a device that controls the machine tool by means of a numerical control device. ). The machining system 1a includes a machining evaluation device (a machining evaluation device 20a to be described later) that predicts and evaluates the shape of the part 7 formed by machining by the numerically controlled machine tool 99, and the like.

In the following, two axes in a plane parallel to the upper surface of the work table 77 or the upper surface of the component 7 provided in the numerically controlled machine tool 99 and orthogonal to each other are defined as the X axis and the Y axis. Also, the axis orthogonal to the X-axis and the Y-axis is defined as the Z-axis.

A numerically controlled machine tool 99 according to the first embodiment is an orthogonal three-axis vertical cutting machine. The numerically controlled machine tool 99 includes an X-axis drive section 93X including a servo control device for driving the X-axis, a Y-axis drive section 93Y including a servo control device for driving the Y-axis, a Z It has a Z-axis drive section 93Z including a servo control device for driving the axis, and a spindle control section 94 including a process control section 5 for controlling the main spindle 83 of one axis, which will be described later.

A servo control device uses a position detector to detect the position of an object to be controlled, and controls an electric motor such as a rotary motor, a linear motor, or a voice coil motor, a hydraulic cylinder, or a pneumatic actuator so that the position of the object to be controlled matches the commanded position. This device performs feedback control using actuators such as cylinders and piezoelectric elements.

The numerically controlled machine tool 99 drives the tool 76 in the X-axis and Z-axis directions, drives the workpiece 78 placed on the work table 77 in the Y-axis direction, and rotates the tool 76 using the spindle 83. Thus, the workpiece 78 is machined.

The operation performed by the numerically controlled machine tool 99 is to drive the shaft according to the machining program 42 and realize the shape of the part 7 formed from the workpiece 78 by cutting. Whether or not the shape of the part 7 formed from the workpiece 78 achieves a predetermined standard, specifically, whether or not the shape accuracy and surface accuracy as designed in advance are achieved, is used for numerical control machining. It is determined whether the work of the machine 99 is correct.

In the numerically controlled machine tool 99, on each axis, the rotary motion of the motor 71, which is the actuator, is converted by the feed screw 73 into linear motion in the driving direction of each axis. At this time, since the rotary motion is supported by the guide mechanism 72 , the shaft has a degree of freedom only in the feed direction of the feed screw 73 . In the numerically controlled machine tool 99, as a result, the two-degree-of-freedom movement of the tool 76 in the XZ plane and the one-degree-of-freedom movement of the workpiece 78 in the Y direction, which are combined with the linear motions of the respective axes, create an XYZ three-dimensional space. Inner, ie, three degrees of freedom, movement is achieved. The numerically controlled machine tool 99 rotates the tool 76 using the spindle 83 and removes material from the portion of the workpiece 78 that interferes with the tool 76 , thereby forming the three-dimensional machined shape of the part 7 .

Next, the X-axis driving section 93X, the Y-axis driving section 93Y, and the Z-axis driving section 93Z, which constitute the numerically controlled machine tool 99, will be described. In Embodiment 1, the X-axis driving section 93X will be described as an example, but the Y-axis driving section 93Y and the Z-axis driving section 93Z have the same configuration. However, the difference is that the controlled object of the X-axis and the Z-axis is the tool 76, whereas the controlled object of the Y-axis is the workpiece 78. FIG.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining the configuration of the X-axis driving section that constitutes the numerically controlled machine tool according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2 , the numerically controlled machine tool 99 has a command value calculator 9 , a process controller 5 , a servo controller 95X, and a mechanical device section 96 . The mechanical device section 96 has a drive mechanism 97X and a mechanical structure 98 . The command value calculation section 9, the servo control device 95X, and the drive mechanism 97X constitute an X-axis drive section 93X. The servo controller 95X includes a servo controller 6a. The numerically controlled machine tool 99 further includes a servo control device 95Y and a drive mechanism 97Y that constitute the Y-axis drive section 93Y, and a servo control device 95Z and a drive mechanism 97Z that constitute the Z-axis drive section 93Z. 2 is omitted.

A drive mechanism 97X has a role of converting the rotary motion of the X-axis motor 71 into a linear motion and a role of supporting it. In the X-axis driving portion 93X, the rotational motion of the motor 71 is transmitted to the feed screw 73 via the coupling 74 and converted to linear motion via the nut 81 and the speed reducer 79. The linear motion of the feed screw 73 is restrained by support bearings 75a and 75b. The rectilinear motion of the nut 81 drives the tool 76 in the X-axis direction via an X-axis mechanical structure 98 that collectively includes the Z-axis and support members interposed between the tool 76 and the nut 81 . Also, the extent of the mechanical structure 98 varies from axis to axis. For example, the Z-axis drive mechanism 97Z is included in the X-axis mechanical structure 98 because it does not play a role in converting the motion of the X-axis motor 71 when viewed from the X-axis.

The X-axis position command Xc is output from the command value calculator 9 and input to the servo controller 6a. The position command Xc indicates the position of the driven body in a desired control state calculated by the command value calculator 9 according to the machining program 42 . The servo control unit 6a determines the error between the detected position Xd obtained by multiplying the rotation angle of the motor 71 detected by the rotation angle detector 2 attached to the motor 71 by the screw pitch of the feed screw 73 and the position command Xc. Feedback control is performed so that the current becomes smaller, and the motor current Ix is output to the motor 71 to drive the driving mechanism 97X. A machine structure 98 including a tool 76 to be controlled is connected to the drive mechanism 97X. Here, the rotation angle detector 2 detects only the rotation angle of the motor 71, but the rotation motion and the rectilinear motion can be easily converted as described above. Therefore, the rotation angle detector 2 may multiply the motor rotation angle by the screw pitch of the feed screw 73, and output the detected position Xd after conversion into the linear motion of the X-axis servo control device 95X. The rotation angle detector 2 is an example of a position detector that is attached to the motor 71, that is, the detection point and that outputs the detected position Xd.

When the numerically controlled machine tool 99 is a cutting machine, the command value calculator 9 outputs a spindle rotational speed command to the process controller 5 as a process command. The process control unit 5 controls the spindle 83 based on the spindle rotation speed command.

3 is a block diagram of a configuration example of a servo control unit according to the first embodiment; FIG. The servo controller 6 a calculates a motor current Ix using the position command Xc input from the command value calculator 9 and the detected position Xd input from the rotation angle detector 2 and outputs the motor current Ix to the motor 71 . First, the adder/subtractor 61a calculates a position deviation (Xc-Xd), which is the difference between the position command Xc and the detected position Xd. A position controller 62 performs position control according to the position deviation (Xc-Xd) and generates a speed command Vc. An example of the position controller 62 is a P (Proportional) controller. A speed calculator 65 generates a detected speed Vd from the detected position Xd output by the rotation angle detector 2 . An example of the speed calculator 65 is a differential calculator. The adder/subtractor 61b calculates a speed deviation Vde=Vc-Vd, which is the difference between the speed command Vc and the detected speed Vd. A speed controller 63 performs speed control according to the speed deviation Vde and generates a current command Ic. An example of the speed controller 63 is a PI (Proportional Integral) controller. The adder/subtractor 61c calculates a current deviation (Ic-Ix), which is the difference between the current command Ic and the motor current Ix output by the current controller 64. FIG. Finally, the current controller 64 performs current control according to the current deviation (Ic-Ix) and outputs the motor current Ix. One example of current controller 64 is a PI controller.

The gains in the P control and the PI control are set as parameters in the servo control unit 6a, and by setting the parameters, the behavior of the servo control device 95X can be changed.

The spindle control section 94 is configured including the process control section 5 . 4 is a block diagram of a configuration example of a process control unit according to the first embodiment; FIG. The process control unit 5 that controls the spindle 83 is mounted on a spindle unit or a spindle amplifier that controls the spindle motor. The process control unit 5 feedback-controls the rotational speed and torque of the main shaft 83 according to the rotation command of the main shaft 83 . The process control unit 5 receives a process command, performs control using process feedback, and outputs a process change amount. When the numerically controlled machine tool 99 is a cutting machine, the process command is the spindle rotation speed command (speed command Vc), and the process change amount is the spindle current (motor current Ix). The process feedback is the rotation angle (detected position Xd) of the spindle 83 measured by the rotation angle detector 2 . The difference between the process control section 5 and the servo control section 6a is that the process control section 5 does not have the position controller 62 and receives a speed command Vc, which is a spindle rotation speed command. However, when the position control is performed by the main shaft 83, the process control unit 5 may have the same control structure as the servo control unit 6a that uses the main shaft rotation angle as the process command.

As described above, through feedback control, the servo control unit 6a performs control so that the detected position Xd coincides with the position indicated by the position command Xc, and the process control unit 5 controls the detected speed calculated from the detected position Xd. Vd is controlled so as to match the speed command Vc, which is the spindle rotation speed command. However, even if feedback control is performed, an error occurs between the tip position of the tool 76 and the machining point of the workpiece 78 during machining. may occur. For example, since the mounting position of the rotation angle detector 2 cannot be aligned with the tip of the tool 76, which is the object to be controlled, when a disturbance that cannot be detected by the rotation angle detector 2 occurs in the object to be controlled, If the feedback control of the servo control unit 6a does not catch up, an error occurs in the movement of the tool 76. FIG. Examples of such disturbance causes include vibrations of the coupling 74, the feed screw 73, the guide mechanism 72, the mechanical structure 98, errors due to frictional force, and the like. These disturbances include the position of another axis interposed between the tool 76 and the nut 81, the mass of the tool 76 and the workpiece 78, aging of the mechanical device section 96, wear of the feed screw 73 and nut 81, It is known to change due to the amount of lubricating oil in the shaft, changes in temperature, variations in assembly during manufacturing, etc. Furthermore, in cutting, self-excited vibration called chatter vibration occurs between the tool 76 and the workpiece 78 depending on the combination of the number of revolutions of the tool 76, the depth of cut per revolution, and the depth of cut in the axial direction of the tool 76. occurs between In this case, chatter vibrations vibrate the tool 76 and the workpiece 78, resulting in machining errors.

If the above-described machining error occurs and the designed shape accuracy and surface accuracy are not met, the work result will be defective, and the part 7 formed from the workpiece 78 will be discarded or corrected. need arises. As a result, there arise problems such as an increase in waste and a decrease in productivity due to an increase in working hours. Therefore, it is preferable to predict the machining accuracy to be achieved in the work in advance, and change the working conditions so that the target can be achieved if the machining accuracy cannot achieve the target accuracy. The working conditions are changed, for example, by adjusting parameters used for machining program 42 or feedback control.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration example of a machining system having the machining evaluation device according to the first embodiment. A machining system 1a having a machining evaluation device 20a, which is a simulation device, comprises a numerically controlled machine tool 99, a computer 23, and a network hub 24 connecting them. The numerically controlled machine tool 99 executes machining according to the machining program 42 . On the other hand, a machining evaluation device 20a that simulates the characteristics of the numerically controlled machine tool 99 and executes simulation according to the machining program 42 is implemented as software inside the computer 23. FIG. The network hub 24 connects the machining evaluation device 20 a and the numerically controlled machine tool 99 . However, a plurality of numerically controlled machine tools 99 may exist on the same network, and a plurality of computers 23 in which respective machining evaluation devices 20a are mounted may exist. Further, one computer 23 may have a plurality of machining evaluation devices 20a corresponding to the respective numerically controlled machine tools 99 for the network hub 24 to which the numerically controlled machine tools 99 are connected. Also, the network hub 24 may be connected to the computer 23 and the numerically controlled machine tool 99 via a wired cable, or may be connected via a wireless network. Alternatively, the computer 23 and the numerically controlled machine tool 99 may be directly connected without the network hub 24, or the machining evaluation device 20a may be mounted inside the computer used for control by the numerically controlled machine tool 99. Alternatively, computer 23 may be implemented in a remote computer, server, or cloud. Also, the functions realized by the processing evaluation device 20a may be distributed and arranged in a plurality of computers connected to a network.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a machining evaluation device included in the machining system according to the first embodiment. 6, illustration of the computer 23, the network hub 24, and the numerically controlled machine tool 99 included in the machining system 1a is omitted. A machining evaluation device 20a provided in the machining system 1a has a machining allowable value setting unit 100, which is a machining data setting unit, a machining simulation execution unit 101a, and a first machining result evaluation unit .

The machining allowable value setting unit 100 receives a part shape 41 representing the part shape after execution of the machining program 42, which is input from the outside. The component shape 41 includes shapes of a plurality of parts.

In addition, the allowable machining value setting unit 100 inputs the design values and allowable machining values of the dimensions of each part of the part 7, and the design values and machining allowable values of the surface accuracy of each part of the part 7, which are input by the system user such as the operator. The part information 40 indicating the allowable value is accepted. Machining tolerances for dimensions and surface accuracy are tolerances for machining errors for each part.

In the machining system 1a, the system user inputs part information 40 (design values and machining allowances) for each part into the machining allowance setting unit 100 while displaying the component shape 41 on a display device (not shown) or the like. . A system user designates a part in the part 7 and inputs the part information 40 to the machining allowance setting unit 100, and the machining allowance setting part 100 sets the shape of the part, the design value, and the machining allowance. map. Machining allowable value setting unit 100 sends information including the set shape, design value, and machining allowable value for each part to first machining result evaluating unit 102 as part setting information 46 .

The machining simulation execution unit 101a indicates the machine model information 45 that simulates the characteristics of the numerically controlled machine tool 99, the machining program 42 used for machining, and the information on the tool 76 used for machining, which are input from the outside. Tool information 43 and workpiece information 44 indicating information on a workpiece 78, which is a workpiece to be machined, are received. The machining simulation execution unit 101a calculates a simulation shape 47S, which is the shape of the part 7 after machining formed by machining using the numerically controlled machine tool 99, that is, the predicted shape of the part 7, based on the received information. The machining simulation execution unit 101a sends the simulation shape 47S, which is the calculation result, to the first machining result evaluation unit 102. FIG.

The first machining result evaluation unit 102 receives the part setting information 46 from the machining allowable value setting unit 100, and also receives the simulation shape 47S from the machining simulation execution unit 101a.

The first machining result evaluation unit 102 calculates machining errors expected by simulation for each designated part. That is, the first machining result evaluation unit 102 uses the part setting information 46 set by the machining allowable value setting part 100 and the simulation shape 47S calculated by the machining simulation execution part 101a to calculate the part machining error 48S, which is the simulation machining error. calculate. Specifically, the first machining result evaluation unit 102 uses the part setting information 46 and the simulation shape 47S to determine the dimensional accuracy or surface roughness of the same part in the simulation shape 47S for each part for which the machining allowance is set. to calculate The first machining result evaluation unit 102 calculates, for each part, a part machining error 48S, which is the difference between the shape of the part including the dimensional accuracy or surface roughness obtained by the machining simulation and the design value of the part. After calculating the part machining error 48S for each part, the first machining result evaluation unit 102 converts the part machining error 48S for each part into a three-dimensional model of the part 7 to be machined (the plate jig 80 in the first embodiment). draw.

Next, a processing procedure for machining evaluation by the machining system 1a will be described. FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a process procedure for machining evaluation by the machining system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 7 illustrates the flow of machining evaluation including simulation of machining shape using the machining system 1a. Machining geometry simulation is part of machining preparation.

A system user such as a designer uses a design device to design the part 7 to be machined by the numerically controlled machine tool 99 (step S1). Specifically, a design device that stores software for CAD (Computer Aided Design) capable of designing three-dimensional part shapes processes parts according to instructions from the system user. Design 7. By designing the part 7, the design device creates a part shape 41 indicating the part shape after the machining program 42 is executed.

A system user determines a tool 76 to be used for machining the part 7 and a workpiece 78 to be machined (step S2). The information about the workpiece 78 to be determined includes the material of the workpiece 78, the dimensions of the workpiece 78 before machining, and information on how to grip the workpiece 78 during machining. Information about the determined tool 76 is tool information 43 , and information about the determined workpiece 78 is workpiece information 44 .

A system user creates a machining program 42 using a program creating device (step S3). Specifically, the program creation device creates the machining program 42 according to instructions from the system user. The machining program 42 created by the program creation device is a machining program 42 for the numerically controlled machine tool 99 to machine the part 7 designed in step S1. This machining program 42 is created based on the three-dimensional part shape 41 (machining shape) of the part 7 designed in step S1 and the information of the tool 76 and workpiece 78 determined in step S2, and is processed by EIA (Electronic Industries). Alliance) code or a language called G code. The machining program 42 describes the three-dimensional coordinates indicating the path that the tool 76 should pass in machining, the command speed of the tool 76 when passing through the path, and the rotational speed of the tool 76 when passing through the path. ing. CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing) software, which automatically creates and outputs a machining program such as the machining program 42 when necessary conditions are set, is often used to create the machining program 42 . Also, for creating the machining program 42, interactive program creation software is used to design a machining shape using an interactive dialog, create and output a command path described in EIA code or G code. good too. The program creation device outputs the created machining program 42 .

The design device inputs the part shape 41 indicating the part shape after the machining program 42 is executed to the machining allowable value setting unit 100 . Further, the allowable machining value setting unit 100 sets the design value and the allowable machining value for each part of the part 7 according to the instruction from the system user (step S4). Specifically, the allowable machining value setting unit 100 sets the design values and allowable machining values for the dimensions of the parts of the part 7 and the design values and allowable machining values for the surface accuracy of the parts of the part 7 in accordance with instructions from the system user. and

Note that instead of the part shape 41 representing the designed part shape, the machining allowable value setting unit 100 executes the machining program 42 output by the CAM software when the machining program 42 is created in step S3. Later part geometries may be entered. The part shape output by the CAM software after execution of the machining program 42 is a three-dimensional shape that reflects the expected uncut portion and surface roughness when the tool 76 passes through an ideal path according to the machining program 42. is the shape model of In addition, depending on the CAM software, it is possible to output the machining program 42 by stepping through a plurality of machining stages such as rough machining, medium rough machining, and finishing machining in order to realize the final part shape. 100 may set different design values and machining tolerances for each stage of machining. Machining allowable value setting unit 100 sends information including the set design value and machining allowable value for each part to first machining result evaluating unit 102 as part setting information 46 .

The machining simulation execution unit 101a executes a machining simulation using the machine model information 45, the machining program 42, the tool information 43, and the workpiece information 44, which are input from the outside (step S5).

The machining simulation execution unit 101a calculates a simulation shape 47S, which is the shape of the part 7 after machining formed by machining by the numerically controlled machine tool 99, by executing the machining simulation. That is, the machining simulation execution unit 101a obtains a simulation shape 47S, which is data of a component shape realized by machining, as a result of the simulation. The machining simulation execution unit 101a sends the simulation shape 47S, which is the calculation result, to the first machining result evaluation unit 102. FIG.

The first machining result evaluation unit 102 receives the part setting information 46 sent from the machining allowable value setting unit 100 and the simulation shape 47S sent from the machining simulation execution unit 101a. The first machining result evaluation unit 102 calculates the dimension and surface accuracy of each part based on the part setting information 46 and the simulation shape 47S. The first machining result evaluation unit 102 calculates, for each part, a machining error, which is an error between the dimensions and surface accuracy of each part, which are simulation results, and the design values. That is, the first machining result evaluation unit 102 calculates the part machining error 48S for each part as the machining error predicted by the simulation (step S6).

The first machining result evaluation unit 102 outputs the calculated part machining error 48S to the outside of the machining evaluation device 20a as an evaluation result (step S7).

Here, an example of the part shape 41 and the part information 40 used by the machining evaluation device 20a will be described. FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining an example of the design value and the machining allowable value for each part of the part evaluated by the machining evaluation apparatus according to the first embodiment; In the machining system 1a, the part shape 41, which is the part shape after the machining program 42 is executed, and the part information 40 for each part for which the design value and the machining allowable value are specified are input to the machining allowable value setting unit 100. be. Thereby, the allowable machining value setting unit 100 associates the part, the design value, and the allowable machining value.

Here, a case where the part 7 to be processed is a plate jig 80 with a width of 50 mm, a depth of 30 mm, and a height of 10 mm designed using three-dimensional CAD software will be described. In FIG. 8, only representative values of the dimensions of each part are shown for the sake of clarity.

The plate jig 80 is a plate-shaped jig having a rectangular upper surface on the XY plane, and a plurality of holes are formed in the Z-axis direction. For example, a hole HA with a diameter of 20 mm is formed in the central portion of the plate jig 80 . Holes HB1, HB2 and holes HC1, HC2 are formed at the four corners of the plate jig 80. As shown in FIG. In the plate jig 80, the line connecting the center of the hole HB1 and the center of the hole HC1 is parallel to the line connecting the center of the hole HC2 and the center of the hole HB2. and the line connecting the center of the hole HC1 and the center of the hole HB2 are parallel.

The diameter of the hole HA is 20 mm in design, but an error of ±0.01 mm is allowed in actual machining. In the allowable machining value setting unit 100, a design value of 20 mm is set for the hole HA, and an upper limit of dimensional accuracy of +0.01 mm and a lower limit of dimensional accuracy of -0.01 mm are set as the allowable machining value.

For example, the machining allowance setting unit 100 has a design value of 20 mm, an upper limit of dimensional accuracy of the machining allowance of +0.1 mm, and a lower limit of 0 mm of dimensional accuracy for the center-to-center distance between the holes HB1 and HC1. is set.

Further, the surface accuracy Ra of 6.3 μm is set for the upper surface of the plate jig 80 in the processing allowable value setting unit 100 . Note that only the upper limit value is set for the allowable value of surface accuracy, and the lower limit value is not set. Also, the design value of surface accuracy may not be set.

In this way, in the parts 7 that are generally processed, for example, in order to develop a designed function such as a connection part with another part, strict processing accuracy is required and a specific function It is often mixed with a part that does not have a strict machining accuracy and does not require strict processing accuracy. In addition, there are a wide variety of machining accuracies that are required for functional parts depending on the required functions. The design values may be graphically set by the system user on a screen on which the three-dimensional CAD model is read, or may be automatically read by the machining allowance setting unit 100 from the CAD model. The processing allowable value is set, for example, by the system user through keyboard input. The permissible processing value setting unit 100 may automatically set a predetermined default permissible processing value for permissible processing values that are not explicitly input by the system user.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a machining simulation execution unit included in the machining evaluation apparatus according to the first embodiment; The machining simulation executing section 101a includes a command value calculation simulating section 14, servo control simulating sections 5X, 5Y and 5Z, a process control simulating section 15, drive mechanism model sections 16X, 16Y and 16Z, and a machine structure model section 17. , a process model unit 18 and a machining shape prediction unit 19 .

The command value calculation simulating section 14 is connected to the servo control simulating sections 5X to 5Z and the process control simulating section 15. FIG. The servo control simulating section 5X is connected to the driving mechanism model section 16X, the servo control simulating section 5Y is connected to the driving mechanism model section 16Y, and the servo control simulating section 5Z is connected to the driving mechanism model section 16Z. The mechanical structure model section 17 is connected to the drive mechanism model sections 16X to 16Z and the process model section . The process model section 18 is connected to the process control simulation section 15 and the machining shape prediction section 19 .

The machining program 42 is input to the command value calculation simulating part 14 in the machining simulation executing part 101a. Further, the machine model information 45 is input to the command value calculation simulating section 14, the servo control simulating sections 5X to 5Z, the process control simulating section 15, the driving mechanism model sections 16X to 16Z, the mechanical structure model section 17, and the process model section 18. be done. In FIG. 9, connection lines between the machine model information 45 and the command value calculation simulating section 14 and connection lines between the machine model information 45 and the servo control simulating sections 5X to 5Z are omitted. Also, connection lines between the machine model information 45 and the process control simulation unit 15 and connection lines between the machine model information 45 and the drive mechanism model units 16X to 16Z are omitted.

The command value calculation simulating section 14, the servo control simulating sections 5X to 5Z, the process control simulating section 15, the driving mechanism model sections 16X to 16Z, the machine structure model section 17, and the process model section 18 simulate the characteristics of the numerically controlled machine tool 99. It is a model to be simulated, and is set based on the model described in the machine model information 45 .

The command value calculation simulation unit 14 is a model that calculates the predicted axis commands 6X to 6Z and the predicted process command 55 from the command path of the numerically controlled machine tool 99 based on the machining program 42 . Predicted Axis Command 6X is the predicted axis command for the X axis, Predicted Axis Command 6Y is the predicted axis command for the Y axis, and Predicted Axis Command 6Z is the predicted axis command for the Z axis. Directive. The predicted axis commands 6X to 6Z are, for example, predicted position commands (position command Xc for the X axis).

Predicted process command 55 is a command predicted for spindle 83 . The predicted process command 55 is, for example, a predicted spindle rotational speed command. The command value calculation simulating section 14 sends the predicted axis commands 6X to 6Z to the servo control simulating sections 5X to 5Z, respectively, and sends the predicted process command 55 to the process control simulating section 15 .

The servo control simulating units 5X to 5Z are models that simulate the servo control unit 6a. Based on the machine model information 45, the servo control simulating units 5X to 5Z set models and model parameters for numerically simulating the control logic of servo amplifiers provided in the numerically controlled machine tool 99, for example. The servo control simulating units 5X to 5Z simulate the servo of the numerically controlled machine tool 99 based on the predicted axis commands 6X to 6Z of the X-axis to Z-axis and the predicted axis feedbacks 32X to 32Z from the drive mechanism model units 16X to 16Z. The controller 6a is simulated. The predicted axis feedbacks 32X to 32Z are information indicating the predicted positions of the X-axis to Z-axis, respectively.

The servo control simulating units 5X to 5Z respectively simulate the servo control unit 6a to calculate predicted actuator commands 31X to 31Z for the X to Z axes from the predicted axis commands 6X to 6Z for the X to Z axes. The predicted actuator commands 31X to 31Z are actuator commands predicted for the X-axis to Z-axis, respectively. The servo control simulation units 5X to 5Z send the predicted actuator commands 31X to 31Z to the drive mechanism model units 16X to 16Z, respectively.

The process control simulating section 15 is a model that simulates the process control section 5 of the numerically controlled machine tool 99 based on the predicted process command 55 . The process control simulating unit 15 sets a model and model parameters for numerically simulating, for example, the control logic of the spindle amplifier of the numerically controlled machine tool 99 based on the machine model information 45 .

By simulating the process control unit 5 , the process control simulating unit 15 calculates a predicted spindle current 56 representing a predicted value of the spindle current, which is a process change amount, from the predicted process command 55 . The process control simulation unit 15 sends the predicted spindle current 56 to the process model unit 18 .

The drive mechanism model units 16X to 16Z calculate predicted shaft positions 33X to 33Z from the predicted actuator commands 31X to 31Z and the predicted shaft disturbances 34X to 34Z sent from the mechanical structure model unit 17, respectively. The predicted axis disturbances 34X to 34Z are disturbances received by the X-axis to Z-axis, respectively. Predicted axis positions 33X to 33Z are predicted positions of the X axis to Z axis, respectively. That is, the predicted axis position 33X is the predicted position of the X axis in the X-axis direction, the predicted axis position 33Y is the predicted position of the Y axis in the Y-axis direction, and the predicted axis position 33Z is the predicted position of the Z-axis in the Z-axis direction. is the predicted position of

The drive mechanism model sections 16X to 16Z use, for example, a dynamic model in which four inertias of motor inertia, coupling inertia, ball screw inertia, and table mass are connected by springs and damping. This dynamic model is a four-inertia model, and is a highly accurate model of the drive mechanisms 97X to 97Z. The 4-inertia model is a model that receives the motor torque and the predicted disturbance as inputs, uses the motor position as feedback information of the predicted axis, and outputs the table position as predicted axis positions 33X to 33Z. Further, the drive mechanism model sections 16X to 16Z may include a friction model in which the speed is input and the frictional force on the table is described by an equation.

The drive mechanism model units 16X to 16Z send the predicted shaft positions 33X to 33Z to the mechanical structure model unit 17, respectively. Further, the drive mechanism model units 16X-16Z send the predicted predicted axis positions 33X-33Z, respectively, to the servo control simulation units 5X-5Z as predicted axis feedbacks 32X-32Z.

The mechanical structure model unit 17 receives as inputs the predicted axis positions 33X to 33Z of the X-axis to Z-axis and the predicted process disturbance 36 sent from the process model unit 18, and the predicted axis disturbance 34X- 34Z and the tool base position 35, which is an example of the working point displacement, are outputs. The predicted process disturbance 36 is the disturbance experienced by the main axis 83 . The tool root position 35 is information indicating the position of the root of the tool 76 .

For example, based on the machine model information 45, the machine structure model unit 17 corresponds to a C-column type machine structure 98 in which the spindle 83 and the work table 77 are arranged in a C-shape for the numerically controlled machine tool 99. , a 3-input, 4-output state-space model. The machine structure model unit 17 calculates the tool root position 35 based on the selected state space model. The machine structure model section 17 sends the calculated tool root position 35 to the process model section 18 .

The process model unit 18 receives the tool base position 35 as the working point displacement and the predicted spindle current 56 as the predicted process change amount, and outputs the predicted process disturbance 36 and the tool tip position 37 as the predicted work result. The tool tip position 37 is information indicating the tip position of the tool 76 .

When the numerically controlled machine tool 99 performs milling using a face mill, the process model unit 18 predicts the machining force due to the milling, outputs the cutting force as the predicted process disturbance 36 in each axial direction, and A tool tip position 37 is calculated. The process model section 18 sends the calculated tool tip position 37 to the machining shape prediction section 19 .

The machining shape prediction unit 19 uses the tool information 43, the workpiece information 44, and the tool tip position 37 to geometrically calculate the material to be removed by the tool 76 from the surface of the workpiece 78, and forms by machining. Calculate the shape of the machined surface to be machined.

The machine model information 45 is information relating to model input/output data, the number of parameters, model structure, and the like. The various models described above set in the machining simulation execution unit 101a by the machine model information 45 are examples. The machine model information 45 may cause the machining simulation execution unit 101a to set a model having any model structure as long as the calculation formula defining the input/output relationship is input/output required for each model. That is, the model structure of the model stored in the machine model information 45 includes known black box, white box, gray box, surrogate, behavior, state space, subspace, transfer function, FEM (Finite Element Method) It may be a model structure described by any of the various modeling methods of .

Each model set in the machining simulation execution unit 101a may be registered in the machine model information 45 by any method. For example, when the numerically controlled machine tool 99 is shipped, each model to be set is the manufacturer of the mechanical device section 96 included in the numerically controlled machine tool 99 or the manufacturer of the numerically controlled device included in the numerically controlled machine tool 99. It may be registered in advance by the manufacturer. Further, the machining system 1a may download and use a model constructed by, for example, the manufacturer of the mechanical device section 96, the manufacturer of the numerical control device, the software vendor, the third party, or the like. Further, the machining system 1a may use a model constructed and registered in accordance with a machine owned by the user of the mechanical device section 96 .

10A and 10B are diagrams for explaining examples of part machining errors output by the machining evaluation apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. FIG. 10 shows an example of the calculation result of the part machining error 48S output by the first machining result evaluation unit 102. As shown in FIG. A plate jig 80 shown in FIG. 10 corresponds to the plate jig 80 shown in FIG.

The part machining error 48S output by the first machining result evaluation unit 102 is displayed on a display device or the like. The machining evaluation device 20a may cause the display device to display the machining allowable value together with the part machining error 48S.

In the case of FIG. 10, the hole HA formed in the central portion of the plate jig 80 has a diameter of 20.001 mm obtained by machining simulation and a design value of 20 mm. 001 mm. The hole HA has a dimensional accuracy upper limit of +0.01 mm and a lower limit of -0.01 mm, so the dimension of the hole HA is within the allowable range.

In addition, the center-to-center distance between the holes HB1 and HC1 is 20.2 mm in the dimension obtained by the machining simulation, and the design value is 20 mm, so the part machining error 48S is 0.2 mm. As for the center-to-center distance between the holes HB1 and HC1, the machining tolerance is the dimensional accuracy upper limit +0.1 mm and the dimensional accuracy lower limit 0 mm. It is not dimensioned inside.

The surface accuracy of the upper surface of the plate jig 80 is Ra 4 μm obtained by machining simulation, and the design value (lower limit) surface accuracy is Ra 6.3 μm. 3 μm. The surface accuracy of the upper surface of the plate jig 80 is within the allowable range because the value of the part machining error 48S is 0 or more.

The first machining result evaluation unit 102 may output the calculation result of the part machining error 48S for each part graphically, output it as table data in a tabular form, or display it in a table alongside the machining allowable value. You may

As described above, when the machining accuracy of the part 7 is predicted in advance by simulation or the like for the workpiece 78, the required accuracy (machining allowance) differs for each part (for each functional part) of the part 7. It is desired to determine whether or not the required processing tolerance is satisfied every time.

The machining system 1a having the machining evaluation device 20a according to the first embodiment can calculate the machining error expected in the simulation for each part requiring accuracy. Thereby, the machining system 1a can graphically display the part machining error 48S with respect to the design value, that is, the expected value of the machining error with respect to the design value.

As a result, the system user can easily judge the quality of the machining result expected by the simulation based on the part machining error 48S for each part. Moreover, the system user can easily modify the machining program 42, the tool information 43, etc. so that there are no portions that do not satisfy the required accuracy (machining allowable value). In addition, since the machining system 1a determines whether or not each part is within the required machining tolerance, the system user can increase the machining tolerance for machining errors for parts that do not require precision. Can be set. As a result, the machining system 1a can perform machining under the condition that necessary and sufficient accuracy is expected.

Here, hardware that implements the processing evaluation device 20a according to the first embodiment will be described. The processing allowable value setting unit 100, the processing simulation execution unit 101a, and the first processing result evaluation unit 102 of the processing evaluation device 20a are implemented by a processing circuit. The processing circuitry may be a processor and memory executing programs stored in the memory, or may be dedicated hardware.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of a case where a processing circuit that realizes the machining evaluation device of the machining system according to the first embodiment is configured with a processor and a memory. When the processing circuit is composed of the processor 201 and the memory 202, the machining allowable value setting unit 100, the machining simulation execution unit 101a, and the first machining result evaluation unit 102 are software, firmware, or software and firmware. It is realized by a combination of Software or firmware is written as a program and stored in memory 202 . In the processing circuit, each function is realized by the processor 201 reading and executing the program stored in the memory 202 . That is, the processing circuitry includes a memory 202 for storing a program that results in the processing of the processing evaluation device 20a being executed. It can also be said that these programs cause the computer 23 to execute the procedures and methods of the processing evaluation device 20a.

Here, the processor 201 may be a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a processing device, an arithmetic device, a microprocessor, a microcomputer, or a DSP (Digital Signal Processor). The memory 202 includes non-volatile or volatile memory such as RAM (Random Access Memory), ROM (Read Only Memory), flash memory, EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM), EEPROM (registered trademark) (Electrically EPROM). semiconductor memories, magnetic discs, flexible discs, optical discs, compact discs, mini discs, or DVDs (Digital Versatile Discs).

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of a case where a processing circuit that implements the processing evaluation apparatus according to the first embodiment is configured with dedicated hardware. When the processing circuit is composed of dedicated hardware, the processing circuit 203 shown in FIG. 12 is, for example, a single circuit, a composite circuit, a programmed processor, a parallel programmed processor, an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), An FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) or a combination thereof is applicable. Each function of the processing evaluation device 20a may be implemented by the processing circuit 203 for each function, or may be implemented by the processing circuit 203 collectively.

It should be noted that each function of the processing evaluation device 20a may be partly realized by dedicated hardware and partly realized by software or firmware. Thus, the processing circuitry can implement each of the functions described above through dedicated hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof.

Here, a mechanical device applicable to the processing system 1a will be described. Mechanical devices applicable to the machining system 1a include a numerically controlled machine tool 99, an industrial robot, and the like.

Numerical control machine tools 99 applicable to the machining system 1a include a cutting machine that drives a cutting tool or a workpiece with its axis to remove material from the surface of the workpiece, and a laser light source that drives the axis with the workpiece to cut the workpiece. There is a laser processing machine that drives an electrode tool or a wire tool on its axis, and an electrical discharge machine that removes material by generating electrical discharge between it and the workpiece. Further, as the numerically controlled machine tool 99 applicable to the machining system 1a, an electric discharge machine that drives an electrode tool or a wire tool with an axis to generate electric discharge between the workpiece and removes material, wire or powder There is an AM (Additive Manufacturing) processing machine or a 3D printer that melts a shaped material with a laser and performs additive modeling.

Industrial robots that can be applied to the processing system 1a include a robot that drives each joint with a servo control device and performs processing such as cutting, welding, and additive manufacturing using a rotary tool or laser light attached to the tip. be.

In a mechanical device having such a servo control device and performing feedback control, various work errors may occur. For example, response delay caused by the mechanical characteristics of the machine, motion error caused by disturbance forces caused by the work performed by the machine such as friction on the sliding surface, cutting force, and contact force, and overshoot caused by the controller settings. , is known as a transient error that occurs when feedback control cannot follow. In addition, in a mechanical device that performs machining, the part that is actually machined, such as the workpiece or the tool 76, is the control target that should be truly controlled. difficult. For this reason, it is also known that even if there is no error in the motion indicated by the detection results of the position detector, errors such as vibration and response delay occur in the true motion of the controlled object.

In Embodiment 1, the machining system 1a calculates the simulation shape 47S of the part 7, calculates the part machining error 48S for each part of the part 7, and outputs it. As a result, the machining system 1a can provide the system user with the part machining error 48S before a machining error occurs due to actual machining, and it is possible to suppress machining defects.

As described above, in the first embodiment, the machining evaluation device 20a calculates the predicted value of the machining error based on the simulation shape 47S, which is the part shape after the machining program 42 is executed, predicted by the machining simulation, and the design value. A part processing error 48S is calculated for each designated part. As a result, the machining evaluation device 20a provides the system user with the part machining error 48S that can evaluate the machining error of the predicted shape for each part of the part 7 with respect to the part 7 with different allowable machining accuracy for each part. be able to provide. Therefore, the system user can evaluate the machining error of the predicted shape for each part of the part 7 having different allowable machining accuracy values for each part.

Embodiment 2.
Next, Embodiment 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 to 15. FIG. In the second embodiment, the processing evaluation device determines whether or not the processing error for each portion obtained by the simulation satisfies the allowable value. In the second embodiment, differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described.

FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a machining evaluation device included in the machining system according to the second embodiment. Among the constituent elements in FIG. 13, constituent elements that achieve the same functions as those of the machining evaluation device 20a provided in the machining system 1a of the first embodiment shown in FIG. . In FIG. 13, illustration of the computer 23, the network hub 24, and the numerically controlled machine tool 99 included in the machining system 1b of Embodiment 2 is omitted.

The machining system 1b of Embodiment 2 includes a machining evaluation device 20b instead of the machining evaluation device 20a, as compared with the machining system 1a. The machining system 1b also includes a machining execution unit 104b.

The machining evaluation device 20b includes a machining simulation execution unit 101b instead of the machining simulation execution unit 101a, as compared with the machining evaluation device 20a. Details of the machining simulation execution unit 101b will be described later.

The processing evaluation device 20b also includes a first result determination unit 103b. The first result determination unit 103b is connected to the machining allowable value setting unit 100, the first machining result evaluation unit 102, and the machining execution unit 104b.

In Embodiment 2, the machining evaluation device 20b is implemented in the computer 23, and the machining execution unit 104b is implemented in the numerically controlled machine tool 99. FIG. Further, in Embodiment 2, a two-dimensional CAD drawing 39 is input to the processing allowable value setting unit 100 . That is, the machining allowable value setting unit 100 of the second embodiment accepts the two-dimensional CAD drawing 39 instead of the component shape 41 . Further, the processing allowable value setting unit 100 of Embodiment 2 sends the part setting information 46 to the first processing result evaluation unit 102 and the first result determination unit 103b. Further, the first machining result evaluation unit 102 of the second embodiment sends the part machining error 48S for each part to the first result determination part 103b.

Note that the first result determination unit 103 b may acquire the part setting information 46 from the first processing result evaluation unit 102 . Based on the part machining error 48S and the allowable machining value included in the part setting information 46, the first result determination unit 103b determines whether the machining error is acceptable for each part. That is, the first result determination unit 103b compares the part machining error 48S for each part with the allowable machining value for each part included in the part setting information 46, and determines the machining error for each part by simulation. The determination result 50S is output to an external device. An example of an external device is a display device. In this case, the part determination result 50S is displayed by the display device.

The first result determination unit 103b determines whether or not the processing error due to the simulation is within the processing allowable value for all the designated parts. That is, the first result determination unit 103b determines whether or not all the part processing errors 48S for each part are acceptable.

The first result determination unit 103b sends the machining execution unit 104b to the machining execution unit 104b when the machining error due to the simulation is within the machining allowable value for all parts, that is, when all the part machining errors 48S for each part are acceptable. Execution command 49 is output. The machining execution command 49 is a command for commanding execution of machining. As a result, the machining execution unit 104b executes machining to produce the part 7, which is the post-machining part. That is, when receiving the machining execution command 49 , the machining execution unit 104 b executes the machining program 42 on the numerically controlled machine tool 99 to machine the workpiece 78 . The part 7 is completed when the machining execution unit 104b completes the machining.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of a two-dimensional CAD drawing input to the processing evaluation device according to the second embodiment. The two-dimensional CAD drawing 39 is input to the machining allowable value setting section 100 of the machining evaluation device 20b. However, in FIG. 14, only representative design values are shown for simplification of explanation. In addition, normally three views are required to define a three-dimensional shape, but only the front view is shown here for convenience of explanation.

In the two-dimensional CAD drawing 39, design values, processing allowances, etc. are described in the drawing. Furthermore, the two-dimensional CAD drawing 39 shows machining tolerances such as squareness, parallelism, and the like. Therefore, when the system user inputs the design values, processing allowances, etc. into the external device based on the two-dimensional CAD drawing 39, the necessary information is automatically read from the drawing and listed up without keyboard input. can do.

In addition, not only the two-dimensional CAD drawing 39 but also three-dimensional CAD data in which a processing allowable value is set may be input to the processing allowable value setting unit 100 of the processing evaluation device 20b. In addition, in the example of FIG. 14, the notation conforms to the dimensions and intersection notation of the mechanical drawing specified in the JIS (Japanese Industrial Standards) standard, but the design value for processing and the upper and lower limits of the allowable value for processing. Any description method may be used for the description of the two-dimensional component shape 41 input to the processing allowable value setting unit 100 as long as at least one of them can be defined.

FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a machining simulation execution unit included in the machining evaluation apparatus according to the second embodiment. Among the constituent elements in FIG. 15, constituent elements that achieve the same functions as those of the machining simulation execution unit 101a provided in the machining evaluation apparatus 20a of the first embodiment shown in FIG. omitted.

The machining simulation execution unit 101b differs from the machining simulation execution unit 101a in that it does not have the process model unit 18 and the process control simulation unit 15. FIG.

The machining simulation execution unit 101b of the machining evaluation device 20b considers that the influence of the process model is sufficiently small for machining with a small depth of cut such as finishing and laser machining, and uses the root position of the tool 76 to calculate the machining shape. A highly accurate machining simulation can be realized even if prediction is performed. Furthermore, the machining simulation execution unit 101b can simplify the simulation and shorten the calculation time by omitting the process model. Therefore, the machining simulation executing unit 101b of the second embodiment calculates the simulation shape 47S without using the process model unit 18 and the process control simulating unit 15. FIG.

Note that the part shape 41 may be input to the processing evaluation device 20b instead of the two-dimensional CAD drawing 39. FIG. Further, the machining evaluation device 20b may include a machining simulation executing section 101a instead of the machining simulation executing section 101b.

As described above, the machining system 1b of the second embodiment compares the machining error for each part obtained by the simulation with the preset machining allowable value for each part. It is determined whether or not it is within the allowable value. Then, the machining system 1b causes the machining execution unit 104b to machine the workpiece 78 when the machining errors of all parts are acceptable. As a result, the machining system 1b can produce the part 7 that fits within the designed machining tolerance without inputting much information by the system user.

Embodiment 3.
Next, Embodiment 3 will be described with reference to FIG. In the third embodiment, when there is a part where the machining error due to the simulation does not fall within the machining allowable value, the machining evaluation device changes the machining conditions so that the machining error of all parts passes. In the third embodiment, differences from the first and second embodiments will be mainly described.

FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a machining evaluation device included in the machining system according to the third embodiment. Among the constituent elements in FIG. 16, constituent elements that achieve the same functions as those of the processing system 1b of Embodiment 2 shown in FIG. In FIG. 16, illustration of the computer 23, the network hub 24, and the numerically controlled machine tool 99 included in the machining system 1c of Embodiment 3 is omitted.

A machining system 1c of Embodiment 3 includes a machining evaluation device 20c instead of the machining evaluation device 20b, as compared with the machining system 1b. The machining evaluation device 20c includes a machining condition optimization executing section 111 in addition to the constituent elements of the machining evaluation device 20b. The machining condition optimization execution unit 111 is connected to the machining simulation execution unit 101b and the first result determination unit 103b.

Note that the machining evaluation device 20c may include a machining simulation execution unit 101a instead of the machining simulation execution unit 101b. In addition, the two-dimensional CAD drawing 39 may be input to the processing allowable value setting unit 100, and the component shape 41 may be input. FIG. 16 shows a case where a two-dimensional CAD drawing 39 is input to the processing allowable value setting unit 100. As shown in FIG.

The machining simulation execution unit 101b of the third embodiment sends the simulation shape 47S to the first machining result evaluation unit 102 and the machining condition optimization execution unit 111. FIG. Further, the first result determination unit 103b of the third embodiment sends the part determination result 50S for each part to the external device and the machining condition optimization execution unit 111. FIG.

When the machining condition optimization execution unit 111 receives the simulation shape 47S and the list of the part determination results 50S for each part, the list of the part determination results 50S includes the part determination results 50S indicating the parts that do not satisfy the machining allowable value. Determine whether or not The machining condition optimization execution unit 111 corrects at least one of the machine model information 45 and the machining program 42 when the part determination result 50S indicating the part not satisfying the machining allowable value is received from the first result determination part 103b.

If there is a portion that the first result determination unit 103b has determined to be unacceptable, that is, if the list of the portion determination results 50S includes a portion that does not satisfy the processing allowable value, the machining condition optimization execution unit 111 At least one of the machine model information 45 and the machining program 42 is corrected until there is no part that does not satisfy the machining allowable value. The machining system 1c repeats the re-execution of the machining simulation using the machine model information 45 and the machining program 42, at least one of which is corrected, the re-calculation of the part machining error 48S, and the re-determination of the machining error for each part. As a result, if all parts do not satisfy the machining allowance, machining is not performed. In this manner, the machining system 1c repeatedly corrects at least one of the machine model information 45 and the machining program 42 until the list of the part determination results 50S does not include any part that does not satisfy the allowable machining value.

In addition, the target to be optimized by the machining condition optimization execution unit 111 is, for example, the machining speed and spindle rotation speed specified in the machining program 42, or the position of the command point specified by the machining program 42, the machine model information 45 are the control parameters of the numerically controlled machine tool 99 contained within. The control parameters of the numerically controlled machine tool 99 that are optimized by the machining condition optimization executing section 111 are, for example, control parameters that are set in the machine model information 45 and affect the machining accuracy of the mechanical device section 96 . For example, if the machining speed is too fast and the accuracy of the corner portion does not reach the target accuracy due to the influence of the axis control delay, the machining condition optimization execution unit 111 corrects at least one of the machine model information 45 and the machining program 42. The machining allowance can be satisfied by setting the machining speed low.

Examples of control parameters of the numerically controlled machine tool 99 include servo gain, pitch error correction parameter, squareness error correction parameter, vibration correction parameter, friction correction parameter, acceleration/deceleration parameter that defines axis acceleration, corner portion This parameter is related to the deceleration speed when passing.

The algorithm for machining condition optimization by the machining condition optimization executing unit 111 may be a preset sequence or a known algorithm for optimization calculation. In addition, the algorithm for optimizing the machining conditions by the machining condition optimization execution unit 111 is such that AI (Artificial Intelligence) learns in advance the relationship between the control parameters and the part machining error 48S, and optimizes the machining conditions. The execution unit 111 may be an algorithm that changes the control amount based on the learning result of AI.

An example in which the control amount is changed according to a preset sequence is a change in the spindle speed for suppressing chatter vibration. Chatter vibration is generated by vibrating the vibration characteristics of the coupled system of the tool 76, the workpiece 78, and the machine structure 98 by machining force generated by machining. It is known that when chatter vibration occurs, it can be reduced by changing the spindle speed. For example, when a decrease in machining accuracy caused by chatter vibration is recognized in the simulation shape 47S, the machining condition optimization execution unit 111 changes the spindle rotation speed by a preset override rate using an optimization calculation algorithm. This can avoid chatter vibration.

Examples of control parameter optimization using known optimization calculation algorithms include fitting using a least squares algorithm, parameter search by a genetic algorithm, PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization, particle swarm optimization) method, There is a parameter determination method for minimizing the evaluation function by the method of steepest descent.

An example of learning using AI is learning using a neural network of the relationship between control parameters and machining errors, Q-learning, and the like. In this case, the machining condition optimization execution unit 111 searches for a combination of parameters that minimizes the machining error based on the learned relationship between the control parameters and the machining error.

As for changing the machining program 42, the machining condition optimization execution unit 111 changes the position commanded by the machining program 42 so as to satisfy the dimensional accuracy, for example, when there is a part that does not satisfy the dimensional accuracy.

The optimization algorithm shown above is an example, and any calculation formula and algorithm can be used as long as the conditions related to machining are repeatedly changed until the part determination result 50S satisfies the set machining allowable value. may

As described above, according to the third embodiment, the machining system 1c automatically searches for a condition that satisfies the machining allowance even if the machining error predicted by the simulation does not satisfy the machining allowance, and the machining is completed. Since it is executed, production never stops.

Embodiment 4.
Next, Embodiment 4 will be described with reference to FIG. In the fourth embodiment, the machined shape of the part 7 is estimated based on the measurement result of the motion of the axis acquired from the numerically controlled machine tool 99 that is machining the part 7 . Then, a machining error is estimated based on the estimated machining shape, and whether or not the estimated machining error satisfies an allowable value is determined for each part. Further, the pass/fail judgment of the estimated machining error for each part and the part judgment result 50S, which is the pass/fail judgment of the machining error of each part obtained by the simulation, are displayed. In the fourth embodiment, differences from the second embodiment will be mainly described.

FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a machining evaluation device included in the machining system according to the fourth embodiment. Among the constituent elements in FIG. 17, constituent elements that achieve the same functions as those of the processing system 1b of Embodiment 2 shown in FIG. In FIG. 17, illustration of the computer 23, the network hub 24, and the numerically controlled machine tool 99 included in the machining system 1d of the fourth embodiment is omitted.

The machining system 1d of Embodiment 4 includes a machining evaluation device 20d instead of the machining evaluation device 20b, as compared with the machining system 1b. Further, the machining system 1d includes a machining executing section 104d instead of the machining executing section 104b, as compared with the machining system 1b.

The processing evaluation device 20d includes a processing shape estimation unit 105, a second processing result evaluation unit 106, and a second result determination unit 107, in addition to the components of the processing evaluation device 20b.

The machining shape estimation unit 105 is connected to the machining execution unit 104 d and the second machining result evaluation unit 106 . The second processing result evaluation section 106 is connected to the second result determination section 107 . Also, the second machining result evaluation unit 106 and the second result determination unit 107 are connected to the machining allowable value setting unit 100 .

Note that the machining evaluation device 20d may include a machining simulation execution unit 101a instead of the machining simulation execution unit 101b. In addition, the two-dimensional CAD drawing 39 may be input to the processing allowable value setting unit 100, and the component shape 41 may be input. FIG. 17 shows a case where a component shape 41 is input to the machining allowable value setting unit 100. As shown in FIG.

Machining allowable value setting section 100 of Embodiment 4 sends part setting information 46 to first machining result evaluating section 102, first result determining section 103b, second machining result evaluating section 106, and second result determining section 107. send.

The machining execution unit 104d performs machining to manufacture the part 7, which is a part after machining, and also samples data of the numerically controlled machine tool 99 during machining. The machining execution unit 104d may sample data using a numerical controller included in the numerically controlled machine tool 99, or may sample data using a measuring device attached to the numerically controlled machine tool 99. An example of sampled data is the position detector signal for each axis. That is, the sampled data is data indicating the measurement result of the motion of the axis of the mechanical device section 96 during machining. The machining executing unit 104 d sends the sampled data to the machining shape estimating unit 105 as machining data 51 .

The machining shape estimation unit 105 receives the machining data 51 and extracts sampled data from the machining data 51 . The machining shape estimation unit 105 predicts the shape of the part 7 by the same processing as the machining shape prediction unit 19 of the machining simulation execution unit 101b. Specifically, the machining shape estimation unit 105 calculates the position of the tool 76 from the sampled position detection signals indicating the position of each axis, and based on the sampling data, the predicted (estimated) shape of the part 7 is calculated. Calculate the estimated machining shape 52E shown. The estimated machining shape 52E is the estimated shape of the part 7 formed by machining. The machining shape estimation unit 105 sends the estimated machining shape 52E to the second machining result evaluation unit 106 .

The second machining result evaluation unit 106 receives the part setting information 46 from the machining allowable value setting unit 100 and the estimated machining shape 52E from the machining shape estimating unit 105 . The second processing result evaluation unit 106 may acquire the part setting information 46 from the first result determination unit 103b or the first processing result evaluation unit 102. FIG.

The second machining result evaluation unit 106 calculates machining errors by the same processing as the first machining result evaluation unit 102 . Specifically, the second machining result evaluation unit 106 evaluates the estimated machining shape 52E for each part and the design value for each part stored in the part setting information 46 set by the allowable machining value setting unit 100. , an estimated machining error 53E indicating a machining error in the estimated machining shape 52E is calculated for each part. In this way, the first machining result evaluation unit 102 uses the simulation shape 47S to calculate the part machining error 48S based on the simulation for each part, and the second machining result evaluation part 106 uses the estimated machining shape 52E. Then, an estimated machining error 53E based on actual machining is calculated for each part. Second processing result evaluation section 106 sends estimated processing error 53E to second result determination section 107 .

The second result determination unit 107 receives the part setting information 46 from the processing allowable value setting unit 100 and receives the estimated processing error 53E from the second processing result evaluation unit 106 . The second result determination unit 107 may acquire the part setting information 46 from the second processing result evaluation unit 106, the first result determination unit 103b, or the first processing result evaluation unit 102.

The second result determination unit 107 determines whether the processing error is acceptable by the same process as the first result determination unit 103b. Specifically, the second result determination unit 107 determines the estimated machining error 53E for each part and the allowable machining value for each part stored in the part setting information 46 set by the allowable machining value setting unit 100. , determines whether the estimated processing error 53E is acceptable. That is, the second result determination unit 107 determines whether or not the estimated machining error 53E for each part satisfies the permissible machining value for each part. Thus, the first result determination unit 103b determines whether the simulation shape 47S is acceptable for each part based on the part machining error 48S calculated from the simulation shape 47S, and the second result determination part 107 determines the estimated machining shape 52E. Based on the estimated machining error 53E calculated from , the acceptance/rejection of the estimated machining shape 52E is determined for each part.

The second result determination unit 107 outputs an estimated determination result 54E for each part, which indicates whether the estimated machining shape 52E (estimated machining error 53E) for each part is acceptable, to an external device. In addition, the first result determination unit 103b outputs a part determination result 50S for each part indicating pass/fail of the simulation shape 47S (part machining error 48S) for each part to the external device. The external device here is, for example, a display device. The display device displays an estimated determination result 54E for each part and a part determination result 50S for each part.

This allows the system user to compare the part determination result 50S for each part obtained by simulation with the estimated decision result 54E for each part obtained during machining. The display device may display, for example, the site determination result 50S and the estimated determination result 54E as table data for each site, or may display them as one diagram superimposed on the screen, or may display two sheets. may be displayed separately in the figure.

The system user causes the numerically controlled machine tool 99 to perform machining when all parts obtained by the simulation are within the machining allowable value. In this case, if the machine model information 45 is inappropriate, the portion obtained by actual machining may not fit within the allowable machining value. In the fourth embodiment, the machining system 1d calculates an estimated machining error 53E from the measurement result of the motion of the axis during machining, and outputs an estimated judgment result 54E indicating whether the estimated machining error 53E is within the machining allowable value. Therefore, the system user can easily determine whether the machine model information 45 is appropriate.

As described above, the machining system 1d of the fourth embodiment determines whether or not the estimated machining error 53E actually generated by machining satisfies the machining allowable value, and outputs the estimated judgment result 54E indicating the judgment result. Further, the machining system 1d judges whether or not the part machining error 48S calculated by the simulation satisfies the machining allowable value, and outputs a part judgment result 50S indicating the judgment result. This allows the system user to easily compare the estimated determination result 54E and the part determination result 50S displayed on the display device. Therefore, the system user can easily compare the difference between the machining result predicted by the simulation and the machining result predicted based on the data during machining.

Embodiment 5.
Next, Embodiment 5 will be described with reference to FIG. In the fifth embodiment, the machining evaluation device corrects the machine model of the machine model information 45 when the difference between the part judgment result 50S for each part and the estimated judgment result 54E for each part is equal to or greater than a specific value. In the fifth embodiment, differences from the fourth embodiment will be mainly described.

FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a machining evaluation device included in the machining system according to the fifth embodiment. Among the constituent elements in FIG. 18, constituent elements that achieve the same functions as those of the processing system 1d of Embodiment 4 shown in FIG. In FIG. 18, illustration of the computer 23, the network hub 24, and the numerically controlled machine tool 99 included in the machining system 1e of Embodiment 5 is omitted.

A machining system 1e of Embodiment 5 includes a machining evaluation device 20e instead of the machining evaluation device 20d, as compared with the machining system 1d.

The machining evaluation device 20e includes a model update determination unit 108, a model update execution unit 109, and a machine model DB (DataBase) 110 in addition to the components of the machining evaluation device 20d. The model update determination unit 108 is connected to the first result determination unit 103 b and the second result determination unit 107 . The model update execution unit 109 is connected to the model update determination unit 108, the machining execution unit 104d, the machine model DB 110, and the machining simulation execution unit 101b. The machine model DB 110 is connected to the machining simulation executing section 101b.

Note that the machining evaluation device 20e may include a machining simulation execution unit 101a instead of the machining simulation execution unit 101b. In addition, the two-dimensional CAD drawing 39 may be input to the processing allowable value setting unit 100, and the component shape 41 may be input. FIG. 18 shows a case where a component shape 41 is input to the machining allowance setting unit 100. As shown in FIG.

The first result determination unit 103b of the processing evaluation device 20e sends the part determination result 50S to the model update determination unit . Also, the second result determination unit 107 of the modification evaluation device 20e sends the estimated determination result 54E to the model update determination unit 108. FIG.

Further, the machining shape estimation unit 105 of the machining evaluation device 20 e sends the estimated machining shape 52E to the second machining result evaluation unit 106 and the model update execution unit 109 . Also, the machining simulation execution unit 101b of the machining evaluation device 20e sends the simulation shape 47S to the first machining result evaluation unit 102 and the model update execution unit 109. FIG.

The model update determination unit 108 determines whether or not the machine model information 45 needs to be updated based on the result of comparison between the part determination result 50S for each part and the estimated determination result 54E for each part. When the model update determination unit 108 determines that the machine model information 45 needs to be updated, the model update determination unit 108 outputs a model update command 84 for instructing update of the machine model information 45 to the model update execution unit 109 .

For example, when the part determination result 50S for each part differs from the estimated determination result 54E for each part, the model update determination unit 108 determines that the accuracy of the machine model described in the machine model information 45 is insufficient. Then, a model update command 84 is output. For example, the model update determination unit 108 issues a model update command 84 when the number of parts in which the results of the part determination result 50S for each part and the estimated determination result 54E for each part do not match each other exceeds a preset threshold value. may be output.

The model update execution unit 109 receives a model update command 84 from the model update determination unit 108 when the model update determination unit 108 determines that the machine model information 45 needs to be updated. The model update execution unit 109 reads the latest machine model information 45 from the machine model DB 110 when the model update command 84 is received. Also, the model update execution unit 109 updates the machine model information 45 using the simulation shape 47S and the estimated machining shape 52E. Specifically, the model update execution unit 109 updates the machine model information included in the machine model information 45 .

In the third embodiment, the machining condition optimization execution unit 111 changes the parameters such that the control parameters and the like become the target part determination result 50S. Among the information 45, the machine model describing the characteristics of the numerically controlled machine tool 99, the parameters of the machine model, and the like are updated.

The model update execution unit 109 updates the machine model using the motion trajectories of the axes saved during the machining simulation and the motion trajectories of the axes during machining. For example, the model update execution unit 109 is executed when there is an error in a parameter related to design such as inertia among the machine models and the simulation shape 47S of the part does not match the estimated shape of the part being processed. , to update the machine model. In this case, the model update execution unit 109 updates the machine model so that the simulation shape 47S matches the estimated machining shape 52E.

When updating the machine model, the model update execution unit 109 compares the data of the simulation shape 47S, the estimated machining shape 52E, and the original machine model information 45 (read latest machine model information 45). , to change the parameters of the machine model. The model parameter change algorithm executed by the model update execution unit 109 may be a known system identification method or modeling method, or may be a method using learning by AI. In the method using learning by AI, AI learns the relationship between the estimated machining shape 52E and the simulation shape 47S, and the model update execution unit 109 updates the machine model information 45 based on the learning result of AI. . That is, the AI learns the machine model information 45 corresponding to the relationship between the estimated machining shape 52E and the simulation shape 47S. When updating the machine model, the model update execution unit 109 calculates the machine model information 45 corresponding to the relationship between the estimated machining shape 52E and the simulation shape 47S based on the learning result. The current machine model information 45 is updated with the machine model information 45 .

The model update execution unit 109 stores the updated machine model information 45 and the model update history 57 indicating the update history of the machine model in the machine model DB 110 . The machine model DB 110 is a database that associates and stores the updated machine model information 45 and the model update history 57 .

When the machine model information 45 in the machine model DB 110 is updated, the machining simulation execution unit 101b reads out the updated machine model information 45 from the machine model DB 110 and re-executes the machining simulation.

As described above, in the machining system 1e of the fifth embodiment, when the accuracy of the machine model representing the characteristics of the machine included in the machine model information 45 is not sufficient, the machining evaluation device 20e converts the machine model of the machine model information 45 into Update. As a result, the machining system 1e can match the estimated machining shape 52E with the simulation shape 47S and simulate the machining error with higher accuracy.

Embodiment 6.
Next, Embodiment 6 will be described with reference to FIGS. 19 and 20. FIG. In Embodiment 6, the actual shape of the part 7 that has completed machining is measured. Then, a machining error is calculated based on the measured machining shape, and whether or not the calculated machining error satisfies an allowable value is determined for each part. Furthermore, the pass/fail judgment of the machining error for each part obtained by the measurement and the part judgment result 50S, which is the pass/fail judgment of the machining error for each part obtained by the simulation, are displayed. In the sixth embodiment, differences from the fourth embodiment will be mainly described.

FIG. 19 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a machining evaluation device included in the machining system according to the sixth embodiment. Among the constituent elements shown in FIG. 19, the constituent elements that achieve the same functions as those of the processing system 1d of Embodiment 4 shown in FIG. In FIG. 19, illustration of the computer 23, the network hub 24, and the numerically controlled machine tool 99 included in the machining system 1f of Embodiment 6 is omitted.

A machining system 1f of Embodiment 6 includes a machining evaluation device 20f instead of the machining evaluation device 20d, as compared with the machining system 1d. Further, the machining system 1f includes a machining executing section 104f instead of the machining executing section 104d, as compared with the machining system 1d. The machining system 1 f also includes a machining shape measuring section 115 . Further, the machining evaluation device 20f does not include the machining shape estimation unit 105 as compared with the machining evaluation device 20d, but the other components are the same. The machining shape measurement unit 115 is connected to the second machining result evaluation unit 106 . The part 7 produced by the machining executing section 104 f is conveyed to the machining shape measuring section 115 .

The machining evaluation device 20f may include a machining simulation execution unit 101a instead of the machining simulation execution unit 101b. In addition, the two-dimensional CAD drawing 39 may be input to the processing allowable value setting unit 100, and the component shape 41 may be input. FIG. 19 shows a case where a component shape 41 is input to the machining allowable value setting unit 100. As shown in FIG.

A machining system 1 f according to the sixth embodiment includes a machining shape measuring unit 115 instead of the machining shape estimating unit 105 . The machining shape measurement unit 115 measures the actual machining shape 52R, which is the actual shape of the part 7, using the part 7 machined by the machining execution part 104f (the part 7 for which machining has been completed). The processed shape measuring unit 115 is, for example, a three-dimensional measuring instrument (CMM, Coordinate Measuring Machine), a surface roughness meter, and a sensor.

The machining shape measuring unit 115 may use a measuring instrument arranged inside the numerically controlled machine tool 99 or may use a measuring instrument arranged outside the numerically controlled machine tool 99 . For example, a measuring instrument called a touch probe is often used in a cutting machine as a measuring instrument for measuring the shape of a part after machining.

Also, instead of using the machining shape measuring unit 115, the system user may measure the actual machining shape 52R of the part 7. FIG. In this case, the system user, not a machine such as a measuring instrument, measures the shape of the part 7 for each part using a vernier caliper or the like, and uses the computer 23 to directly input the actual machined shape 52R to the second machining result evaluation unit 106. may be entered.

The second machining result evaluation unit 106 of Embodiment 6 evaluates the actual machining for each part in the actual machining shape 52R based on the actual machining shape 52R and the design value for each part stored in the part setting information 46. An actual machining error 53R indicating the error is calculated. The second machining result evaluation section 106 sends the actual machining error 53R to the second result determination section 107 .

The second result determination unit 107 of Embodiment 6 determines whether the actual machining error 53R is acceptable based on the actual machining error 53R for each part and the machining allowable value for each part stored in the part setting information 46. do. The second result determination unit 107 outputs an actual machining determination result 54R for each part, which indicates whether the actual machining shape 52R (actual machining error 53R) for each part is acceptable, to an external device. In addition, the first result determination unit 103b outputs a part determination result 50S for each part indicating pass/fail of the simulation shape 47S (part machining error 48S) for each part to the external device. The external device here is, for example, a display device. The display device displays an actual machining determination result 54R for each part and a part determination result 50S for each part.

As a result, the system user can compare the part determination result 50S for each part obtained by the simulation with the actual machining determination result 54R for each part obtained by measuring the actual part 7. Become. The display device may display, for example, the site determination result 50S and the actual machining determination result 54R as table data for each site, or may display them as a single drawing in an overlapping manner on the screen. It may be displayed in separate figures.

FIG. 20 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration example of a machining system having a machining evaluation device according to a sixth embodiment. A machining system 1f having a machining evaluation device 20f is composed of a numerically controlled machine tool 99, a transfer device 25, a measuring device 26, a computer 23 in which the machining evaluation device 20f is stored, and a network hub 24. Network hub 24 is connected to numerically controlled machine tool 99 , transport device 25 , measuring device 26 and computer 23 .

In the machining system 1 f , the transfer device 25 moves the part 7 machined by the numerically controlled machine tool 99 to the measuring device 26 . Examples of the carrier device 25 are a carrier called a loader, an industrial robot, and the like. The conveying device 25 removes the part 7 from the numerically controlled machine tool 99 and attaches it to the measuring device 26 which is the machining shape measuring section 115 . The measuring device 26 measures the workpiece shape of the part 7 and transmits an actual machined shape 52R indicating the measurement result to the machining evaluation device 20f via the network hub 24 . Control signals to the transport device 25 and the measuring device 26 may be commanded from the computer 23 via the network hub 24, or may be commanded from the numerically controlled machine tool 99 via a control device such as a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller). You may

Note that the machining evaluation device 20f may have the model update determination unit 108, the model update execution unit 109, and the machine model DB 110, which are included in the machining evaluation device 20e. In this case, the machining evaluation device 20f updates the machine model of the machine model information 45 when the accuracy of the machine model representing the characteristics of the machine included in the machine model information 45 is insufficient. As a result, the machining system 1f can match the actual machining shape 52R and the simulation shape 47S and simulate machining errors with higher accuracy.

As described above, the machining system 1f of Embodiment 6 can directly measure the actual machining shape 52R of the part 7 by using the measuring device 26, and more accurately calculates the actual machining error 53R for the actual machining shape 52R. it becomes possible to

Further, the machining system 1f determines whether or not the actual machining error 53R obtained from the measurement result of the component 7 satisfies the machining allowable value, and outputs an actual machining determination result 54R indicating the determination result. Further, the machining system 1f determines whether or not the part machining error 48S calculated by the simulation satisfies the machining allowable value, and outputs a part determination result 50S indicating the determination result. This allows the system user to easily compare the actual machining determination result 54R and the part determination result 50S displayed on the display device. Therefore, the system user can easily compare the difference between the machining result predicted by the simulation and the machining result obtained from the measurement result of the part 7 .

Embodiment 7.
Next, Embodiment 7 will be described with reference to FIGS. 21 and 22. FIG. In Embodiment 7, machine model information 45 is transmitted and received between a plurality of machining systems. In the seventh embodiment, differences from the fifth embodiment will be mainly described.

FIG. 21 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a machining evaluation device included in the machining system according to the seventh embodiment. Among the constituent elements in FIG. 21, constituent elements that achieve the same functions as those of the processing system 1e of Embodiment 5 shown in FIG. In FIG. 21, illustration of the computer 23, the network hub 24, and the numerically controlled machine tool 99 included in the machining system 1g of Embodiment 7 is omitted.

A processing system 1g of Embodiment 7 includes a processing evaluation device 20g instead of the processing evaluation device 20e, as compared with the processing system 1e. Moreover, the processing evaluation device 20g includes a network communication unit 112 in addition to the constituent elements of the processing evaluation device 20e. Network communication unit 112 is connected to machine model DB 110 . The network communication unit 112 of the machining system 1g according to the seventh embodiment transmits the machine model information 45 accumulated in the machine model DB 110 to the outside of the machining system 1g. Also, the machine model information 45 transmitted from the other machining system 1g is received and stored in the machine model DB 110. FIG.

Note that the machining evaluation device 20g may include a machining simulation execution unit 101a instead of the machining simulation execution unit 101b. In addition, the two-dimensional CAD drawing 39 may be input to the processing allowable value setting unit 100, and the component shape 41 may be input. FIG. 21 shows a case where a component shape 41 is input to the machining allowance setting unit 100. As shown in FIG.

FIG. 22 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration example of a machining system having the machining evaluation device according to the seventh embodiment. The machining system 1g, like the machining system 1a, comprises a numerically controlled machine tool 99, a computer 23, and a network hub 24 connecting them. A processing evaluation device 20g is stored in the computer 23 of the processing system 1g.

In Embodiment 7, a plurality of machining systems 1g having numerically controlled machine tools 99 with the same specifications and installed at different locations are connected via a network hub 24. FIG. FIG. 22 shows a case where two processing systems 1g are connected via a network hub 24. In FIG.

The network communication unit 112 of each machining system 1g transmits the machine model information 45 to the external machining system 1g via the network hub 24 . That is, the network communication unit 112 of one machining system 1g transmits the machine model information 45 to the network communication unit 112 of the other machining system 1g via the network hub 24 . Thereby, the network communication unit 112 of the other processing system 1g receives the machine model information 45 from the network communication unit 112 of the one processing system 1g. Similarly, the machine model information 45 is sent from the other machining system 1g to the one machining system 1g.

For example, one machining system 1g is installed in a test area in a domestic or overseas numerical control machine tool manufacturer's factory, and the other machining system 1g is installed in a numerical control machine tool user's factory.

In the test area in the factory of a domestic or overseas numerical control machine tool manufacturer, the machine model information 45 is repeatedly updated through many machining tests, and there are cases where a machine model of a highly accurate numerical control machine tool 99 is provided. be. On the other hand, when the numerically controlled machine tool user uses the newly introduced numerically controlled machine tool 99, the accuracy of the machine model information 45 may not be sufficient. Therefore, in Embodiment 7, the machine model information 45 is sent from the network communication unit 112 of the machining system 1g arranged in the factory of the numerical control machine tool manufacturer to the network communication unit 112 of the machining system 1g of the numerical control machine tool user. to send.

Note that the machine model DB 110 may be arranged outside the computer 23 that stores the machining evaluation device 20g. In this case, instead of the computer 23, the machining evaluation device 20g temporarily stores the machine model information 45 in the machine model DB 110 arranged in a data center or cloud connected to the Internet. The data center or cloud may transmit the machine model information 45 to the processing evaluation device 20f via the Internet when requested by the system user.

Moreover, the processing evaluation device 20g may include a processing execution unit 104f instead of the processing execution unit 104d, like the processing evaluation device 20f. In this case, the machining system 1g includes the machining shape measurement unit 115, and the machining evaluation device 20f does not include the machining shape estimation unit 105. FIG. In such a configuration, the model update determination unit 108 determines whether or not the machine model information 45 needs to be updated based on the part determination result 50S for each part and the actual machining determination result 54R for each part. Further, when receiving the model update command 84, the model update execution unit 109 updates the machine model information 45 using the simulation shape 47S and the actual machining shape 52R.

Thus, in Embodiment 7, since a plurality of machining systems 1g are connected via respective network communication units 112, the machine model information 45 constructed at a remote location can be shared at another location. . That is, the machine model information 45 can be shared among a plurality of machining systems 1g. In this way, by sharing highly accurate machine model information 45 among a plurality of machining systems 1g, the machining system 1g can predict the machining accuracy with high accuracy regardless of the installation location and introduction time of the machining system 1g. becomes possible.

The configurations shown in the above embodiments are only examples, and can be combined with other known techniques, or can be combined with other embodiments, without departing from the scope of the invention. It is also possible to omit or change part of the configuration.

1a to 1g machining system, 2 rotation angle detector, 5 process control section, 5X to 5Z servo control simulation section, 6a servo control section, 6X to 6Z predicted axis command, 7 part, 9 command value calculation section, 14 command value calculation Simulation unit 15 Process control simulation unit 16X to 16Z Drive mechanism model unit 17 Mechanical structure model unit 18 Process model unit 19 Machining shape prediction unit 20a to 20g Machining evaluation device 23 Computer 24 Network hub 25 Conveyance Device, 26 Measuring device, 31X-31Z Predicted actuator command, 32X-32Z Predicted axis feedback, 33X-33Z Predicted axis position, 34X-34Z Predicted axis disturbance, 35 Tool root position, 36 Predicted process disturbance, 37 Tool tip position, 39 2D CAD drawing, 40 part information, 41 part shape, 42 machining program, 43 tool information, 44 workpiece information, 45 machine model information, 46 part setting information, 47S simulation shape, 48S part machining error, 49 machining execution command, 50S Part determination result 51 Machining data 52E Estimated machining shape 52R Actual machining shape 53E Estimated machining error 53R Actual machining error 54E Estimated judgment result 54R Actual machining judgment result 55 Predicted process command 56 Predicted spindle current , 57 model update history, 61a to 61c adder/subtractor, 62 position controller, 63 speed controller, 64 current controller, 65 speed calculator, 71 motor, 72 guide mechanism, 74 coupling, 75a, 75b support bearing, 76 Tool, 77 Work table, 78 Workpiece, 79 Reducer, 80 Plate jig, 81 Nut, 83 Spindle, 84 Model update command, 93X X-axis drive unit, 93Y Y-axis drive unit, 93Z Z-axis drive unit, 94 Spindle Control unit, 95X to 95Z servo control device, 96 mechanical device unit, 97X to 97Z drive mechanism, 98 machine structure, 99 numerically controlled machine tool, 100 processing allowable value setting unit, 101a, 101b processing simulation execution unit, 102 first processing result evaluation unit 103b first result determination unit 104b, 104d, 104f machining execution unit 105 machining shape estimation unit 106 second machining result evaluation unit 107 second result determination unit 10 8 model update determination unit 109 model update execution unit 110 machine model DB 111 machining condition optimization execution unit 112 network communication unit 115 machining shape measurement unit 201 processor 202 memory 203 processing circuit HA, HB1, HB2, HC1, HC2 holes.

Claims (14)

A machining evaluation device for evaluating a part shape of a part formed by a mechanical device for machining a workpiece by driving a shaft,
Machining data for setting a machining allowable value and a design value, which are tolerances of machining errors for each designated portion, which is a designated portion among the portions included in the part after the machining program for controlling the machining is executed. a setting unit;
a machining simulation execution unit that executes a machining simulation of the machining using a machine model that simulates the characteristics of the machine and the machining program;
The simulation machining error, which is a predicted value of the machining error of the simulation shape, is specified based on the simulation shape, which is the part shape after execution of the machining program predicted by the machining simulation, and the design value. a first machining result evaluation unit that calculates for each part;
a display device that associates and displays the specified portion, the design value, and the simulation machining error for each specified portion;
comprising
A processing evaluation device characterized by: The processing data setting unit
Accepting input from the outside of the design value and the machining allowable value in a state where the display device displays the specified portion, the design value, and the simulation machining error for each specified portion in association with each other;
The processing evaluation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: further comprising a first result determination unit that determines whether the simulation machining error satisfies the machining allowable value of the specified part for each of the specified parts ,
The display device displays the determination result of the first result determination unit,
The processing evaluation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: If the result determined by the first result determination unit includes the specified portion that does not satisfy the machining allowable value, the machine model and the further comprising a machining condition optimization execution unit that changes at least one of the machining programs;
4. The processing evaluation device according to claim 3 , characterized in that: a machining shape estimating unit that estimates the part shape of the part formed by the machining as an estimated machining shape based on the data of the mechanical device that is executing the machining;
a second machining result evaluation unit that calculates an estimated machining error, which is a machining error of the specified part, for each of the specified parts based on the machining allowable value and the estimated machining shape for each of the specified parts;
further comprising
5. The processing evaluation device according to claim 3 or 4 , characterized in that: further comprising a second result determination unit that compares the estimated machining error and the machining allowable value for each of the specified parts and determines whether or not the estimated machining shape satisfies the machining allowable value for all of the specified parts. ,
6. The processing evaluation device according to claim 5 , characterized in that: model update determination for determining whether or not to update the machine model based on the comparison result by comparing the determination result of the first result determination unit and the determination result of the second result determination unit for each of the designated parts; Department and
a model update execution unit that updates the machine model when the model update determination unit determines that the machine model needs to be updated;
further comprising
The machining simulation execution unit uses the machining program and the updated machine model to execute a machining simulation of the machining.
7. The processing evaluation device according to claim 6 , characterized in that: The model update execution unit learns the relationship between the estimated machining shape and the simulation shape using artificial intelligence, and updates the machine model based on the learning result.
The processing evaluation device according to claim 7 , characterized in that: Based on the actual machining shape, which is the actual machining shape of the specified portion, which is measured by a measuring device after the machining of the workpiece is finished, and the machining allowable value, the actual machining error of the specified portion is calculated. Further comprising a second machining result evaluation unit that calculates a machining error for each of the specified parts,
5. The processing evaluation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , characterized in that: further comprising a second result determination unit that compares the actual machining error and the machining allowable value for each of the specified parts and determines whether or not the actual machining shape satisfies the machining allowable value in all of the specified parts. ,
10. The processing evaluation device according to claim 9 , characterized in that: further comprising a network communication unit that transmits the updated machine model to another machining evaluation device existing on the network;
9. The processing evaluation device according to claim 7 or 8 , characterized in that: a mechanical device that processes a workpiece by driving an axis;
a processing evaluation device that evaluates a part shape of a part formed by the mechanical device;
has
The processing evaluation device is
Machining data for setting a machining allowable value and a design value, which are tolerances of machining errors for each designated portion, which is a designated portion among the portions included in the part after the machining program for controlling the machining is executed. a setting unit;
a machining simulation execution unit that executes a machining simulation of the machining using a machine model that simulates the characteristics of the machine and the machining program;
The simulation machining error, which is a predicted value of the machining error of the simulation shape, is specified based on the simulation shape, which is the part shape after execution of the machining program predicted by the machining simulation, and the design value. a first machining result evaluation unit that calculates for each part;
a display device that associates and displays the specified portion, the design value, and the simulation machining error for each specified portion;
comprising a
A processing system characterized by: further comprising a network communication unit that transmits the updated machine model to another machining system present on a network;
13. The processing system according to claim 12 , characterized by: A machining evaluation method for evaluating a part shape of a part formed by a mechanical device for machining a workpiece by driving a shaft,
A machining evaluation device calculates a machining tolerance value and a design value, which are machining error tolerance values for each specified portion, which is a specified portion among the portions included in the part included in the part after the machining program for controlling the machining is executed. a machining data setting step for setting
a machining simulation execution step in which the machining evaluation device executes a machining simulation of the machining using a machine model that simulates the characteristics of the machine and the machining program;
The machining evaluation device performs a simulation that is a predicted value of the machining error of the simulation shape based on the simulation shape that is the part shape after the machining program is executed and the design value that is predicted by the machining simulation. a first machining result evaluation step of calculating a machining error for each of the specified parts;
a display step of correlating and displaying the specified portion, the design value, and the simulation machining error for each of the specified portions;
including
A processing evaluation method characterized by:

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