JP7151987B2 - Programs, devices, systems and methods for smoking cessation patients - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to programs, devices, systems and methods for smoking cessation patients.

It is not always easy for a person who has been smoking continuously to break the habit of smoking. Nicotine dependence caused by continuous smoking is classified into physical dependence and psychological dependence. Physical nicotine dependence is generally treated with drug therapy using smoking cessation aids such as varenicline and nicotine preparations, while psychological nicotine dependence is generally treated with behavioral therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and coaching by medical professionals. target. Behavioral therapy is a therapy in which a medical professional encourages a patient to practice behavior (=therapeutic behavior) that is thought to have a therapeutic effect. Compensatory behavioral therapy is a behavioral therapy that avoids smoking behavior by performing other behaviors instead of smoking when a desire to smoke arises. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is a therapy that changes the patient's behavior by correcting the discrepancy between the patient's interpretation (cognition) and facts from a scientific point of view (cognition discrepancy). Coaching is the provision of knowledge about a disease, education, encouragement, and praise to a patient.

Prior Document 1 proposes a system for performing smoking cessation treatment based on the self-reported physical condition and history of smoking cessation treatment of a patient undergoing smoking cessation treatment.

International Publication No. 2016-178276

Varenicline has a success rate of 65% for quitting smoking after 3 months, but many people resume smoking afterwards, so the success rate for quitting smoking for one year is only about 35%. It is thought that the reason why many people resume smoking after being successfully quit smoking through drug therapy is that their psychological dependence has not been resolved. Psychological dependence is a psychiatric disease that requires daily meticulous care by medical staff, but medical staff can only intervene when they visit an outpatient clinic. In many cases, the number, frequency, duration, etc. of outpatient treatment that can be received within the scope of insurance treatment are limited. For example, in Japan, there are only five outpatient consultations covered by health insurance, and the frequency is about once every two weeks to one month. In addition, since outpatient hours are limited, even if a smoking cessation treatment patient wants to consult a doctor, it often takes a long time to see a doctor because he/she has to go to the hospital. If it is outside the outpatient hours, you cannot see a doctor in the first place. In this way, the amount of time that medical professionals can spend on smoking cessation guidance is extremely limited. There is a problem that it is difficult to

It is important in smoking cessation treatment to provide timely and appropriate treatment to patients who have relapsed despite being on smoking cessation treatment. It is possible for outpatients to measure the concentration of carbon monoxide (CO) contained in exhaled air and confirm whether or not they have smoked again, and then give smoking cessation treatment by doctors. However, even if a person has smoked once, after a certain period of time has passed, the concentration of CO contained in exhaled air will decrease, making it impossible to confirm whether or not the person has smoked. As mentioned above, the number, frequency, and duration of outpatient consultations are limited, so if the period between smoking and the next outpatient consultation is long, smoking cannot be detected, and appropriate treatment is provided. I can't. After continuous relapse between visits, it becomes very difficult to provide cessation therapy. In some cases, they may not even come to the next outpatient clinic in the first place.

Prior Literature 1 discloses a system that performs smoking cessation treatment based on the physical condition reported by a smoking cessation patient and the history of smoking cessation treatment. However, since the system in Prior Document 1 is based on reports from non-smoking patients, the information is not necessarily accurate. In particular, if a patient smokes despite being under treatment for smoking cessation, he/she may falsely declare that he or she has not smoked. In such a case, although the patient is a smoker, treatment is performed for a patient who is not a smoker, and therefore appropriate treatment cannot necessarily be performed.

The present invention provides programs, devices, systems and methods for non-smoking patients to determine consistency between smoking declarations and biomarker concentration measurements and provide appropriate smoking cessation therapy based on the results. With the goal.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has the following features. That is, the program in one embodiment of the present invention is a program used for a patient who quits smoking, and includes the step of receiving declaration information indicating the presence or absence of smoking input by the patient into a computer, and indicating the smoking status. receiving a biomarker concentration measurement of the patient's biological sample measured by a biomarker concentration measuring device for measuring the biomarker concentration; a consistency determination step of determining consistency between the biomarker concentration measurement value and the report information; and generating smoking cessation treatment information for a smoking cessation treatment method to be performed for the patient based on the consistency determination result. and transmitting the generated smoking cessation treatment information to the patient-side device.

Further causing the computer to perform the step of receiving a time stamp indicating a measurement time of said biomarker concentration measurement, said measurement time determined by said biomarker concentration meter or device transmitting said biomarker concentration measurement. It may be

The reporting information indicating the presence or absence of smoking includes the number of cigarettes smoked and the duration of smoking. comparing the measured biomarker concentration to the upper biomarker concentration limit; and when the measured biomarker concentration value is greater than the upper biomarker concentration limit, the and determining that the reported information and the measured biomarker concentration value are inconsistent.

The step of judging consistency further includes, in a computer, determining a biomarker concentration lower limit as a biomarker concentration reference value based on the number of cigarettes smoked, the smoking time, and a decay function of the biomarker concentration; comparing the measured biomarker concentration value with the lower limit biomarker concentration limit; and determining that the measured biomarker concentration value is equal to or less than the upper biomarker concentration limit and greater than the lower limit biomarker concentration value, the measured biomarker concentration value and the report information are consistent. and determining that the measured biomarker concentration value and the reported information are inconsistent due to overreporting when the measured biomarker concentration value is equal to or lower than the lower limit of the biomarker concentration value. You can also let

Further, the program in one embodiment of the present invention is a program used for a non-smoking patient, wherein the computer stores the biomarker concentration of the patient measured by a biomarker concentration measuring device that measures the obtaining a measured biomarker concentration of a biological sample; accepting input of declaration information indicating whether or not a patient smokes; and combining the declaration information and the measured biomarker concentration to determine smoking cessation treatment information. Sending to a server; receiving the smoking cessation treatment information from the server; and presenting information for smoking cessation treatment to the patient based on the smoking cessation treatment information received from the server.

Instead of transmitting the declaration information and the biomarker concentration measurements to a server, a computer is provided with the biomarker concentration measurements and the biomarker concentration reference values to determine smoking cessation treatment information. A consistency determination step of determining consistency between the index concentration measurement value and the declared information, and a step of transmitting the consistency determination result to the server may be executed.

The biological sample may be exhaled breath, the biomarker may be carbon monoxide (CO), and the biomarker concentration meter may be a CO concentration meter.

The biological sample may be saliva, the biomarker may be cotinine, and the biomarker concentration measuring device may be a cotinine concentration measuring device.

Furthermore, a set of programs used for smoking cessation patients in one embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of: measuring a biomarker concentration in the biological sample that indicates smoking status; and determining consistency between the measured biomarker concentration and the reported information based on the measured biomarker concentration and the reference biomarker concentration. a step of determining consistency; generating smoking cessation treatment information indicating a smoking cessation treatment to be performed for the patient based on the results of the consistency judgment; presenting information; and causing to be performed. A set of programs may be a set of a plurality of programs, or may be only one program.

In one embodiment of the present invention, a server used for a non-smoking patient comprising a control unit and a communication unit, wherein the control unit receives report information indicating the presence or absence of smoking input by the patient using the communication unit. receiving a biomarker concentration measurement value of the biological sample of the patient measured by a biomarker concentration measuring device that measures a biomarker concentration indicative of smoking status using the communication unit; Consistency between the biomarker concentration measurement value and the reported information is determined based on the biomarker concentration reference value, and smoking cessation treatment for the patient is performed based on the consistency determination result. Information can be generated and the generated smoking cessation treatment information can be transmitted using the communication unit.

Further, a patient-side device according to one embodiment of the present invention is a patient-side device used for a non-smoking patient, comprising a control unit, an input reception unit, an output unit, and a communication unit, wherein the control unit controls smoking Acquiring the biomarker concentration measurement value of the patient's biological sample measured by a biomarker concentration measuring device that measures the biomarker concentration indicating the condition, and using the input reception unit to obtain report information indicating the presence or absence of smoking by the patient. receiving input, using the communication unit to transmit the declaration information and the biomarker concentration measurements to a server for determining smoking cessation treatment information, and using the communication unit to receive smoking cessation treatment information from the server; The output unit is used to present information for smoking cessation therapy to the patient based on the smoking cessation therapy information received from the server.

Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the system includes one or more computers for use by a non-smoking patient, the one or more computers inputting declarative information indicating whether or not the patient smokes. and measuring the biomarker concentration indicating the smoking state contained in the patient's biological sample, and comparing the biomarker concentration measured value and the report information based on the biomarker concentration measured value and the biomarker concentration reference value. Consistency is determined, based on the result of the consistency determination, smoking cessation treatment information indicating a smoking cessation treatment to be performed for the patient is generated, and information for the smoking cessation treatment is provided to the patient based on the smoking cessation treatment information. Present.

A method in one embodiment of the present invention is a one or more computer-implemented method for use with a smoking cessation patient, comprising the steps of: measuring a biomarker concentration indicative of a smoking state contained in the biological sample; a step of determining consistency, generating smoking cessation treatment information indicating a smoking cessation treatment to be performed for the patient based on the result of the consistency judgment, and providing a smoking cessation treatment to the patient based on the smoking cessation treatment information and presenting information for.

According to the present invention, it is possible to determine whether or not the patient's report is false by determining the consistency between the report information indicating whether the patient smokes or not and the biomarker concentration measurement value of the patient. , making it possible to carry out appropriate smoking cessation treatment based on this determination result. Furthermore, according to one embodiment of the present invention, since the report information indicating the presence or absence of smoking includes the number of cigarettes smoked and the duration of smoking, it is possible to determine whether or not the number of cigarettes smoked and the duration of smoking are also false. Based on the judgment result, more detailed smoking cessation treatment can be performed.

By adopting the configuration of the present invention, it becomes possible to timely perform necessary therapy when necessary. For example, it is possible to provide effective smoking cessation treatment by providing appropriate smoking cessation treatment to a patient who has relapsed before continuing smoking cessation. By using their own electronic device such as a smart phone, the patient can receive smoking cessation treatment constantly and over a long period of time via the electronic device. Therefore, it is possible to effectively treat smoking cessation patients who are mentally dependent on smoking.

1 is a configuration diagram of a system according to one embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a hardware configuration diagram of a server device according to one embodiment of the present invention; FIG. It is a hardware block diagram of the patient side apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 1 is a hardware configuration diagram of a biomarker concentration measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of a server device according to one embodiment of the present invention; FIG. It is a functional block diagram of a patient-side device according to one embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a functional block diagram of a biomarker concentration measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a flow chart according to first to third embodiments of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a CO concentration decay function according to a second embodiment of the invention; FIG. FIG. 5 is a CO concentration decay function according to a second embodiment of the invention; FIG. Fig. 4 is a cotinine concentration decay function according to the second embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 10 is a CO concentration decay function according to a third embodiment of the invention; FIG. FIG. 10 is a CO concentration decay function according to a third embodiment of the invention; FIG. 10 is a cotinine concentration decay function according to the third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 1 shows an example of a system configuration diagram of the present invention. The system 100 is intended for use by non-smoking patients and includes a server 102, one or more patient-side devices 103 which are electronic devices used by the patient, and a biomarker concentration meter 104 used by the patient. A server 102 and a patient-side device 103 are connected to each other by a network 101 . The patient-side device 103 and the biomarker concentration measuring device 104 are connected by wire or wirelessly. The biomarker concentration measuring device 104 may be connected to the network 101 without the patient-side device 103 .

FIG. 2 shows an example of a hardware configuration diagram of the server 102. As shown in FIG. The server 102 is a computer comprising a processing device 201 , a display device 202 , an input device 203 , a storage device 204 and a communication device 205 . These constituent devices are connected by a bus 210, but they may be individually connected as needed. The display device 202 has a function of displaying information to the user. The input device 203 has a function of receiving input from the user, such as a keyboard or mouse. A server program 206 is stored in the storage device 204 . The storage device 204 may be a hard disk, a non-volatile memory, a volatile memory, or any other device that can store information. The communication device 205 performs wired communication using an Ethernet (registered trademark) cable or the like, mobile communication, or wireless communication such as a wireless LAN, and connects to the network 101 .

FIG. 3 shows an example of a hardware configuration diagram of the patient-side device 103, which is an electronic device used by the patient. A patient is a person who attempts to quit smoking using the present invention, and does not necessarily need to be undergoing smoking cessation treatment under the guidance of a medical professional. The patient-side device 103 includes a processing device 301 , a display device 302 , an input device 303 , a storage device 304 and a communication device 305 . These constituent devices are connected by a bus 310, but they may be individually connected as needed. The patient-side device 303 may be a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a portable information terminal, a mobile phone, a smart phone, or a tablet terminal. The display device 302 has a function of displaying information to the user. The input device 303 has a function of receiving input from the user, such as a keyboard or mouse. When the patient-side device 103 is a smart phone or a tablet terminal, a touch panel in which the display device 302 and the input device 303 are integrated can be used. A storage device 304 stores a patient program 306 for the patient-side device. The storage device 304 may be a hard disk, a non-volatile memory, a volatile memory, or any other device that can store information. The communication device 305 performs wired communication using an Ethernet (registered trademark) cable or the like, mobile communication, Bluetooth (registered trademark), wireless LAN or other wireless communication, and connects to the network 101 and the biomarker concentration measuring device 104 .

FIG. 4 shows an example of a hardware configuration diagram of the biomarker concentration measuring device 104 used by the patient. The biomarker concentration measuring device 104 comprises a processing device 401 , a display device 402 , an input device 403 , a storage device 404 , a communication device 405 and a sensor 407 . These constituent devices are connected by a bus 410, but they may be individually connected as needed. The display device 402 has a function of displaying information to the user. The input device 403 has a function of receiving input from the user, such as a button. A touch panel in which the display device 402 and the input device 403 are integrated can also be used. A measuring device program 406 for the biomarker concentration measuring device 104 is stored in the storage device 404 . The storage device 404 may be a hard disk, a non-volatile memory, a volatile memory, or any other device that can store information. The communication device 405 performs wired communication using an Ethernet (registered trademark) cable or the like, mobile communication, wireless communication such as wireless LAN or Bluetooth (registered trademark), and connects to the patient-side device 103 . The sensor 407 detects a biomarker contained in the patient's biological sample, measures its concentration, and outputs the measured value. The output can be sent to other devices via communication device 405 and can be displayed on display device 402 .

5 to 7 show examples of functional block diagrams of the server 102, patient-side device 103, and biomarker concentration measuring device 104 of the present invention. The server 102 includes a control unit 501 , a display unit 502 , an input unit 503 , a storage unit 504 and a communication unit 505 . , and the biomarker concentration measuring device 104 includes a control unit 701 , a display unit 702 , an input unit 703 , a storage unit 704 , a communication unit 705 and a sensor 707 . Each control unit has a function of executing control such as information processing. Each display unit has a function of displaying information so that the user can visually recognize it. Each input unit has a function of receiving input from the user. Each storage unit has a function of storing data and the like. The communication unit has a function of transmitting and receiving information to and from another device. The sensor 707 detects a biomarker contained in the patient's biological sample, measures its concentration, and outputs the measured value. In the present embodiment, these functions are realized by executing each program in hardware such as the processing device shown in FIGS. It can also be realized by hardware by configuring.

[First Embodiment]
The operation of the system in the first embodiment will be explained. In this embodiment, a smart phone is used as the patient-side device 103 and a carbon monoxide concentration measuring device (CO monitor) is used as the biomarker concentration measuring device 104 . In the following embodiments, the operation of one patient-side device 103 and one CO monitor 104 is described for explanation, but two or more patient-side devices 103 and CO monitors 104 may be included.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the patient operates the patient-side device 103 and the CO monitor 104, which are smartphones of the patient, to input report information indicating whether or not the patient smokes. The CO concentration contained in exhaled breath, which is a biological sample, is measured to determine the consistency between the reported information and the CO concentration measurement value, and based on the result, a smoking cessation treatment is performed. In this embodiment, smoking cessation therapy includes behavioral therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy, but may also include other smoking cessation therapy such as coaching.

Patients are required to report whether or not they have smoked at predetermined intervals after smoking cessation therapy has begun. The predetermined interval may be, for example, a time determined by the patient once a day, every two hours, or a time and number of times predetermined by the system. Then, at the timing of this declaration, it is requested to input to the patient-side device 103 whether or not the patient has smoked. In this embodiment, smoking to be declared is smoking from the previous declaration, but may be smoking within a predetermined period of time. The server 102 may store previously reported smoking history. In this embodiment, when the smoking cessation treatment is started and the program for executing the present invention is installed in the patient side device 103, the patient is asked to input the time for reporting once a day. For example, if the patient sets the report time to 22:00 once a day, the patient-side device 103 waits until the set time comes (S801), and when the set time comes, it says, "I have not smoked since the previous record." Was it done?" is displayed on the display unit 602 of the patient-side device 103, and the user is instructed to input "yes" or "no" (S802).

The patient inputs "yes" or "no" using the input unit 603 according to this instruction. When the patient-side device 103 accepts this (S803), it then displays a message "Measure the CO concentration. Breathe out through the mouthpiece of the CO monitor" on the display unit 602 (S804). When the patient follows this instruction and exhales into the mouthpiece of the CO monitor, the CO monitor measures the CO concentration in the patient's exhaled breath (S805) and transmits this measured value to the patient-side device 103 by wireless communication (S806). ). When the patient-side device 103 receives this (S807), it transmits it to the server 102 together with the reporting information indicating the presence or absence of smoking input by the patient (S808).

When the server 102 receives this (S809), it determines the consistency between the report information and the CO concentration measurement value (S810). In this embodiment, consistency determination is performed by comparing the CO concentration measurement value with a predetermined CO concentration reference value. It is generally believed that the CO concentration contained in the exhaled air of a patient who smokes is 8.0 ppm or more. Therefore, 8.0 ppm is used here as the CO concentration reference value as the biomarker concentration reference value. If the measured CO concentration is 8.0 ppm or greater, the patient is determined to have smoked, and if less than 8.0 ppm, the patient is determined not to have smoked. For example, if the CO concentration measurement value is 9.0 ppm even though the patient has declared that he or she does not smoke, it is determined that the reported information and the CO concentration measurement value do not match. On the other hand, if the patient declares that he or she does not smoke and the measured CO concentration is 5.0 ppm, it is determined that the declared information and the concentration information are consistent. The server 102 may also include previous declaration information to determine consistency. For example, if previous declaration information indicates smoking within 48 hours, the declaration information may indicate smoking.

Server 102 generates guidance information for smoking cessation treatment based on the result of this consistency determination (S811). The server 102 stores the report information and the result of the consistency determination in the storage unit as a list of smoking cessation treatment linked with guidance information for smoking cessation treatment. Table 1 shows a list of smoking cessation treatments used in this embodiment.

The smoking cessation therapy list in this embodiment includes each therapy's ID, smoking declaration, compliance and instructional information. As for the “reported information”, “0” is assigned to the treatment that is performed when the patient reports that he or she did not smoke, and “1” is assigned to the treatment that is performed when the patient reports that he/she smokes. Regarding "consistency", "1" is given to the treatment that is executed when the declared information and the CO concentration measurement value are consistent, and "0" is given to the treatment that is executed when they are not consistent. assigned.

Based on the results of the consistency determination, the server 102 selects appropriate guidance information from the list of smoking cessation remedies shown in Table 1 based on the results of the consistency determination. For example, if the declaration information indicates that you are not smoking and the measured CO concentration is 5.0 ppm, the measured CO concentration <CO concentration reference value (8.0), so the declaration information and CO All concentration measurements are in agreement, indicating no smoking. In this case, for example, ID = 1 corresponding to smoking declaration = 0 (no smoking) and consistency = 1 (consistency) is selected, and the guidance information is "Great! You were able to quit smoking today! By continuing the compensatory behavior method of chewing gum, smoking cessation treatment information is generated for presenting the message "Let's continue to quit smoking."

If the non-smoking report information and the CO concentration measurement value are consistent, the non-smoking state can be maintained, and the current treatment method, here, chewing gum (a type of behavioral therapy), is a compensatory behavioral therapy. Since it was confirmed that it was effective, the continuation of the current behavioral therapy was instructed. For example, if the server 102 stores the smoking cessation therapy proposed to the patient as a treatment history, the smoking cessation therapy currently being performed by the patient can be identified.

On the other hand, if the measured CO concentration value is 10.0 ppm even though the declaration information indicates that it is not smoking, the measured CO concentration value>CO concentration standard value (8.0), so The reported information indicating non-smokers and CO concentration measurements indicating smoking are inconsistent. In this case, ID = 2 corresponding to smoking declaration = 0 (no smoking) and consistency = 0 (inconsistent) is selected. Have you ever had an experience where you had a bad experience?But please think about it carefully.The fact that you quit smoking in the first place is a good thing, so even if you do, you will just return to your original state and realize that you have not lost anything. Stop smoking treatment information for presenting the guidance information "Why don't you come?" is generated.

It is known that smoking cessation patients often lie that they do not smoke when they smoke despite being on smoking cessation treatment. Such patients lie because they have the false perception that they perceive relapse as a negative thing, even though they should not have smoked. If this state is left untreated, many people give up smoking cessation treatment because they think that they cannot continue smoking cessation treatment and that smoking cessation treatment is impossible for them.

In the present invention, it is detected that the patient has such an erroneous cognition by detecting a false declaration of the patient's smoking status. By presenting guidance information that corrects the erroneous recognition, it is possible to lower the hurdles to try to quit smoking again after resuming smoking. After giving up smoking cessation treatment and continuing to smoke, it is extremely difficult to modify cognition and try smoking cessation treatment again. In the present invention, it is possible to prevent continuous re-smoking and continue smoking cessation treatment by detecting re-smoking and erroneous cognition at an appropriate timing and correcting cognition. This can be effectively supported (cognitive-behavioral therapy).

In addition, if the reported information indicates smoking and the CO concentration measurement value also indicates that smoking was performed at a value of 8.0 ppm or more, the reported information indicating smoking and the CO concentration measurement value indicating smoking are consistent. is doing. In this case, for example, ID = 3, which corresponds to declaration information = 1 (smoking) and consistency = 1 (consistent), is selected, saying, "Today is the 4th day of quitting smoking. Why don't you reconsider if the behavioral therapy you've been doing is really effective?If you were doing chewing gum as part of compensatory behavioral therapy (a type of behavioral therapy), but it doesn't feel right It might be a good idea to switch to a compensatory behavioral method of drinking sugar-free carbonated water.” He presented the patient with instructional information suggesting changes in behavioral therapy that may not have been very effective. do.

If the reported information indicates smoking, but the CO concentration measurement value is not equal to or greater than the reference value, ID = 4 corresponding to reported information = 1 (smoking) and consistency = 0 (inconsistent) is selected. , "I have re-smoked, but the expression of nicotinic receptors is still not that strong, so now, by practicing throwing away cigarettes and ashtrays (environmental improvement method: one of behavioral therapy), You will be able to hold down the next one.” Guidance information is presented.

In this case, guidance information is provided so that the patient understands that although he or she has smoked, it does not have the adverse effects that they think are occurring, and that they do not misunderstand that there is no point in giving smoking cessation treatment any longer. Furthermore, since the reported smoking information indicates that the current smoking cessation treatment alone is not sufficiently effective, for example, throwing away cigarettes and ashtrays is effective when smoking has occurred. Encourage further smoking cessation by implementing appropriate behavioral therapy.

For example, the server 102 can generate more appropriate guidance information according to the smoking cessation stage by storing the smoking cessation start date as the treatment history. In addition, the server 102 stores the ID of the smoking cessation therapy that has been executed as a history of smoking cessation therapy, thereby identifying the therapy that is currently not effective and selecting the smoking cessation therapy ID that has not yet been performed. can do.

When the smoking cessation treatment information generated by the server 102 is transmitted to the patient side device 103 (S812), the patient side device 103 receives this (S813) and displays guidance information on the display unit 602 based on the smoking cessation treatment information ( S814). Alternatively, the information may be presented to the patient by voice through an audio output unit such as a speaker.

When the CO monitor 104 measures the CO concentration, it generates a time stamp indicating the measurement time and transmits it to the patient side device 103 together with the CO concentration measurement value. You may make it confirm whether it was measured at suitable time, such as. It is conceivable that the patient tries to falsify the measurement time of the CO concentration so as to pretend that he/she has not smoked despite smoking. In such a case, if there is no information indicating the measurement time, or if the information indicating the measurement time is self-reported by the patient's manual input, correct consistency judgment cannot be performed. If the CO monitor automatically generates a time stamp at the timing of measuring the CO concentration and transmits it to the server 102 via the patient-side device 103, the server 102 can judge consistency based on the accurate measurement time. It can be carried out.

The time stamp may be a time stamp of the time the CO monitor sends the CO concentration measurement to the patient device 103, or may be based on the time the patient device 103 receives or sends the CO concentration measurement to the server 102. It may be generated by the patient-side device 103 at the timing of the server 102 receiving the CO concentration measurement value. When the patient-side device 103 is integrated with the CO sensor, it is also possible to generate a time stamp at the timing when the patient-side device 103 measures the CO concentration.

In the present embodiment, the CO concentration contained in the patient's breath was used as a biomarker indicating the smoking state, but the present invention can also be implemented with the cotinine concentration contained in the patient's saliva. When the cotinine concentration is used, a cotinine concentration meter is used instead of the CO monitor, and smoking can be determined, for example, when the measured cotinine concentration is 1.4 ng/ml or higher.

By using this embodiment, it is possible to confirm whether or not the patient smokes based on the reported information indicating whether or not the patient smokes and the CO concentration measurement value, and to determine whether or not the patient has made a false declaration. , an appropriate treatment method suitable for the patient's condition can be selected and executed at an appropriate timing.

[Second embodiment]
In the second embodiment, the report information indicating the presence or absence of smoking by the patient includes not only the number of cigarettes smoked and the smoking time but also the number of cigarettes smoked and the smoking time, and the consistency judgment also includes the number of cigarettes smoked and the smoking time. This differs from the first embodiment in that it is determined whether or not there is a match with the density measurement value. If the number of cigarettes smoked is 0, the information indicates no smoking, and if information indicating that the number of cigarettes smoked is 1 or more, the information indicates smoking. The following description will focus on the differences from the first embodiment.

In this embodiment, as in the first embodiment, a smart phone is used as the patient-side device 103, a CO monitor is used as the biomarker concentration measuring device 104, and the processing shown in FIG. 8 is executed. As will be described later, specific processing differs from that of the first embodiment. When the time set by the patient comes, the patient-side device 103 displays a message "Have you smoked since last time?" No" is input (S802). When the patient inputs "yes", the message "When and how many cigarettes did you smoke? Please enter the number and time of smoking" is presented, and the number of cigarettes and time are input. Let As an input method, it is possible to input the number of cigarettes smoked for each smoking time (for example, 5 hours ago: 2 cigarettes, 3 hours ago: 1 cigarette), but any form can be used as long as the number of cigarettes smoked and the time can be specified. do not have. When the patient-side device 103 receives the report information, it prompts the patient to measure the CO concentration, measures the CO concentration in exhaled breath, and transmits the measured CO concentration value to the server 102 (S804 to S808).

When the server 102 receives the declaration information and the CO concentration measurement value (S809), it determines consistency between the declaration information and the CO concentration measurement value (S810). In this embodiment, consistency determination is performed by comparing the CO concentration measurement value with the CO concentration upper limit value as the biomarker concentration reference value. The CO concentration upper limit value is determined based on the number of cigarettes smoked, the smoking time and the CO concentration attenuation function indicated by the declaration information. In this embodiment, the decay function of the CO concentration in exhaled breath of a patient who smokes over time is defined as follows.

Equation (1) shows the initial value of the CO concentration estimated to be contained in exhaled breath immediately after smoking. K is the CO concentration value contained in exhaled breath immediately after smoking one cigarette. In this embodiment, K=18 ppm, but can be set based on various factors such as the type of cigarette smoked. The number N of cigarettes smoked indicates the number of cigarettes smoked at that timing.

The CO concentration estimated to be contained in the patient's exhaled breath thereafter decays with the decay function shown in Equation (2). P is the minimum exhaled CO concentration of a person considered to be a smoker. Since the CO concentration contained in the breath of a patient who smokes is considered to be 8.0 ppm or more, P=8.0 ppm in this embodiment. t represents the elapsed time from the smoking time. H is the half-life of CO concentration. Since the half-life of the CO concentration contained in exhaled breath after smoking is generally considered to be 3 to 6 hours, in this embodiment, the half-life for the function that determines the upper limit of CO concentration Period H is 6 hours.

FIG. 9 shows the attenuation curve of the CO concentration value obtained based on the equations (1) and (2) at this time. It can be seen that the CO concentration value is 18 ppm when t=0, and that the CO concentration value is attenuated with the passage of time. In FIG. 9, hourly CO concentration values are calculated and plotted based on formulas (1) and (2), and the interpolated values are linearly interpolated. It may be a decay curve of CO concentration values. Also, any function may be used as long as it indicates the decay over time of the CO concentration value contained in the patient's breath.

Furthermore, when smoking is performed at intervals of time, the CO concentration value at the elapsed time T from the first smoking at the timing of smoking is estimated based on the following formula (3), and then CO The attenuation function of density values can be calculated using equation (2). N _T indicates the number of cigarettes smoked at elapsed time T.

For example, FIG. 10 shows the decay curves of CO concentration values when the half-life is H=6 hours and one cigarette is smoked 12 hours and 18 hours after the first smoking (0 hour). It can be seen that 18 ppm is added at t=12 and 18 hours. Also, as shown in the following formula (4), the CO concentration value _i can be calculated based on the formula (2) for each smoking timing, and the sum of them can be used as the attenuation function of the CO concentration value. Here, i is a smoking timing counter, and is 1 for the first smoking timing and 2 for the next smoking timing. Here, Z is the smoking timing number. T _i is the elapsed time from the first smoking timing of smoking timing i. For example, when smoked at 0, 12, and 18 hours, Z = 3, T ₁ = 0, T ₂ = 12, T ₃ = 18, and the CO concentration value due to the first smoking is ₁ , 12 hours, and 18 hours. The CO concentrations ₂ and CO concentrations ₃ due to smoking over time are calculated based on (1) and (2), respectively, and the results are added.

In this embodiment, the CO concentration upper limit value is determined based on the CO concentration decay function with the half-life H=6 hours. The CO concentration upper limit value is the upper limit value of the CO concentration at which it is determined that the declared number of cigarettes has been smoked during the smoking time. If the CO concentration exceeds the upper limit of CO concentration, the patient is considered to have smoked more than the predetermined number of cigarettes. The values calculated by the CO concentration decay functions shown in equations (1) and (2) are discrete, but as shown in FIG. The CO concentration upper limit value can be determined based on, and the approximate curve may be used as an attenuation function.

The number of cigarettes smoked and the smoking time to be substituted into the CO concentration decay function are determined based on the patient's reported information. That is, in the present embodiment, the CO concentration upper limit is determined based on the CO concentration decay function, the number of cigarettes smoked and the smoking time declared by the patient. Then, by comparing the determined CO concentration upper limit value and the CO concentration measured value, the consistency between the declaration information and the CO concentration measured value is determined. When determining the upper limit of CO concentration, it may be determined based only on the last declared information, or based on all or part of the declared information declared within a predetermined time such as the time when CO can be detected. You may In this embodiment, an example will be described in which determination is made based on only the last report information.

For example, if the patient's reported information indicates that he smoked one cigarette six hours ago, then based on the CO concentration decay function, the upper CO concentration limit is 13.0 ppm. Assume that the measured CO concentration is 12.0 ppm. In this case, comparing the measured CO concentration of 12.0 ppm with the upper CO concentration limit of 13.0 ppm determines that the measured CO concentration is less than or equal to the upper CO concentration limit. If the CO concentration measurement value is equal to or less than the CO concentration upper limit value, it is determined that the report information matches the CO concentration measurement value. Based on this determination result, guidance information for smoking cessation treatment for this patient is generated (S811), transmitted to the patient side device 103, and presented to the patient on the patient side device (S812 to S814). The server 102 stores in the storage unit a list of smoking cessation treatment methods in which the report information, the results of the consistency determination, and the guidance information for smoking cessation treatment are linked. Table 2 shows a list of smoking cessation treatments used in this embodiment.

The numbers shown in "reported information" in Table 2 indicate smoking cessation treatment corresponding to the reported number of cigarettes smoked. In other words, if the "declaration information" is "0", it indicates that he did not smoke, if it is "1", it indicates that he smoked one cigarette, and if it is "2", it indicates that he smoked two cigarettes. Claims, ">=0" means smoking cessation therapy administered for claiming 0 or more cigarettes (ie, including all claims), and ">=1" for claiming 1 or more cigarettes. For example, if a person reports that he or she has smoked a single cigarette, it is possible to appropriately select from smoking cessation treatments to which "report information" is assigned "1" and ">=1". "Consistency" is the same as in Table 1.

For example, if the reported information indicates smoking one cigarette 6 hours ago, and the CO concentration measurement value is equal to or lower than the CO concentration upper limit value, it is considered that the smoker actually smoked as reported. In such a case, select a smoking cessation treatment with declaration information = 1 or ">=1" (one or more cigarettes smoked) and consistency = 1 (consistent) in the smoking cessation treatment list shown in Table 2. . Here, select ID = 4 and say, ``You smoked only one cigarette. (environmental improvement method: one of behavioral therapy), you will be able to avoid the next one." to generate smoking cessation treatment information for presenting the patient with guidance information (S811).

That is, it is confirmed from the reported information and the CO concentration measurement value that the smoker smoked only one cigarette. In this case, guidance information is provided to help the patient understand that he/she has smoked but is still at a level that can be recovered, and to avoid misunderstanding that there is no point in giving smoking cessation treatment any longer. Furthermore, since the reported smoking information indicates that the current smoking cessation treatment alone is not sufficiently effective, for example, throwing away cigarettes and ashtrays is effective when smoking has occurred. Encourage further smoking cessation by implementing appropriate behavioral therapy. Thus, more appropriate smoking cessation treatment can be performed based on the number of cigarettes smoked.

In addition, if the measured CO concentration is below the upper limit of CO concentration, it indicates that the number of cigarettes smoked has been underreported. . Therefore, ID=2 with declaration information=“>=0” and consistency=0 is executed, and “Have you ever been able to quit smoking for a long time, but have you ever been disappointed and depressed? However, please think about it carefully.In the first place, quitting smoking is itself a good thing, so don't you realize that even if you quit smoking, you just return to your original state and you haven't lost anything?" Can present instructional information and correct false negative perceptions. In this embodiment, since the CO concentration reference value is determined based on the number of cigarettes smoked and the duration of smoking included in the reported information, it is possible to detect a false declaration of the number of cigarettes smoked, and even if a person declares that he or she has smoked. It is possible to detect negative cognitions about smoking even if

Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the CO concentration contained in the patient's breath was used as a biomarker indicating the smoking state, but the present invention can also be carried out using the cotinine concentration contained in the patient's saliva. If the cotinine concentration is used, consistency determination can be made based on the measured cotinine concentration and the cotinine concentration decay function. The half-life of cotinine concentration is believed to be 15-30 hours. Based on this, the cotinine concentration decay function for determining the upper limit of cotinine concentration can be defined, for example, as follows. It can be anything.

Furthermore, when smoking is done after a while, the cotinine concentration value at the elapsed time T from the first smoking is calculated as shown in equation (7), and the decay function of the subsequent cotinine concentration value is expressed by equation (6) can be calculated using Then, the cotinine concentration value calculated from the number of cigarettes smoked indicated by the reported information, the smoking time, and the attenuation function of the cotinine concentration is set as the cotinine concentration upper limit value. L is the concentration of cotinine contained in saliva immediately after smoking one cigarette. Q is the minimum cotinine concentration in the saliva of a person considered to be a smoker. C is the half-life of cotinine concentration.

For example, initial value of cotinine concentration L = 40 ng/ml, Q = 0, half-life C = 30 hours, cotinine concentration values when first smoking one cigarette and then smoking one cigarette 15 hours later and 48 hours later. is shown in FIG. Here, approximation is made with Q=0 for simplification of calculation. In addition, similarly to the CO concentration, it is also possible to calculate the attenuation function based on the equation (6) for each smoking timing, and use the sum of these as the attenuation function of the cotinine concentration value. Since the cotinine concentration has a longer half-life than the CO concentration, consistency determination over a longer period of time can be performed.

[Third Embodiment]
In the second embodiment, determination is made based only on the CO concentration upper limit value, but in this embodiment, determination is also made based on the CO concentration lower limit value as the biomarker concentration reference value. The CO concentration lower limit value is the lower limit value of the CO concentration at which it is determined that the number of cigarettes indicated by the report information has been smoked during the smoking period. The following description focuses on points that differ from the first and second embodiments.

In this embodiment, as in the first and second embodiments, a smart phone is used as the patient-side device 103 and a CO monitor is used as the biomarker concentration measuring device 104 to execute the processing shown in FIG. As will be described later, specific processing differs from those of the first and second embodiments. When the time set by the patient comes, the patient-side device 103 requests the input of smoking status report information, and if the patient smokes, inputs the number of cigarettes smoked and the duration of smoking. The user is prompted to measure the CO concentration in exhaled breath, and the measured CO concentration value is sent to the server 102 (S801-S808).

When the server 102 receives the declaration information and the CO concentration measurement value (S809), it determines consistency between the declaration information and the CO concentration measurement value (S810). In this embodiment, consistency determination is performed by comparing the CO concentration measurement value with the CO concentration upper limit value and the CO concentration lower limit value. The CO concentration upper limit value and the CO concentration lower limit value can be determined based on the number of cigarettes smoked, the smoking time period, and the CO concentration decay function indicated by the report information. As described above, the half-life of the CO concentration in exhaled breath after smoking is generally considered to be 3 to 6 hours. It is considered that the CO concentration contained in the exhaled air of patients who smoke is 8.0 ppm or more.

Based on this premise, in the present embodiment, in addition to the CO concentration upper limit value, the CO concentration lower limit value is determined based on the aforementioned formulas (1) and (2). A CO concentration decay function with a half-life of H = 6 is used to determine the upper limit of the CO concentration, and a CO concentration decay function with a half-life of H = 3 is used to determine the lower limit of the CO concentration. A CO concentration decay curve determined by these CO concentration decay functions is shown in FIG. Here, the initial value K for the CO concentration upper limit and lower limit is set to 18 ppm as in the second embodiment, but the CO concentration decay function for the CO concentration upper limit and the CO concentration lower limit Different values can be used for the decay function. Using the declared number of cigarettes smoked, the duration of smoking, the CO concentration decay function (H = 6) for the CO concentration upper limit and the CO concentration decay function (H = 3) for the CO concentration lower limit, the CO concentration upper limit and the lower bound. If there is a CO concentration measurement value between the two CO concentration decay curves in FIG. 12, it means that the declaration information and the CO concentration measurement value match.

Furthermore, when smoking is carried out after a period of time, the CO concentration value at the elapsed time T from the first smoking is the half-life H = 3 for the CO concentration lower limit value as well as the CO concentration upper limit value ( 3), and the subsequent decay function of the CO concentration value can also be calculated using equation (2) with a half-life of H=3.

For example, Fig. 13 shows the CO concentration value decay curves for the CO concentration upper limit and lower limit when one cigarette is smoked 12 hours and 18 hours after the first cigarette (0 hour), respectively. It can be seen that 18 ppm is added at t=12 and 18 hours.

In this embodiment, the consistency between the reported information and the CO concentration measurement value is determined based on the decay function of the CO concentration and the patient's declared number of cigarettes and duration of smoking. If the measured CO concentration is between the upper limit and lower limit of CO concentration determined based on the number of cigarettes smoked, the duration of smoking, and the CO concentration decay function indicated by the declared information, the declared information and the measured CO concentration If the CO concentration measurement value exceeds the CO concentration upper limit value, it is determined to be underreported, and if it is equal to or less than the CO concentration lower limit value, it is determined to be overreported.

For example, if patient-reported information indicates that 5 cigarettes were smoked 6 hours ago, the upper CO concentration limit is 49.0 ppm and the lower CO concentration limit is 28.5 ppm based on the CO concentration decay function. . When the measured CO concentration is 35.0 ppm, when compared with the upper limit of CO concentration of 49.0 ppm and the lower limit of CO concentration of 28.5 ppm, the measured CO concentration is equal to or less than the upper limit of CO concentration, and the CO concentration is It is determined to be greater than the lower bound. In other words, it means that the reported information and the CO concentration measurement value match, and it is determined that 5 cigarettes were smoked 6 hours ago as reported. Guidance information for smoking cessation treatment for this patient is generated based on this determination result (S811). Table 3 shows a list of smoking cessation treatments used in this embodiment.

The numbers shown in "reported information" in Table 3 indicate smoking cessation treatment corresponding to the reported number of cigarettes smoked. In other words, if the "declaration information" is "0", it is reported that it did not smoke, if it is "1", it is reported that it has smoked one cigarette, and if it is ">=0", it is said that it has smoked 0 or more cigarettes. (ie, including all claims), ">4" means smoking cessation therapy administered for claims that smoked more than 4 cigarettes. In this embodiment, if the "consistency" is "1", it means that it is consistent; means that the reported number of cigarettes smoked is underreported and inconsistent.

For example, if the declaration information shows 5 cigarettes smoked 6 hours ago and the CO concentration measurement value is between the CO concentration upper limit and the CO concentration lower limit, then 5 cigarettes were actually smoked as declared. It is thought that Therefore, here, from the list of smoking cessation treatments shown in Table 3, a smoking cessation treatment with ID = 3 having declaration information = "4>" (more than 4 cigarettes smoked) and consistency = 1 (consistency) is selected. select. “x” included in the guidance information with ID=3 is a variable for substituting the number of cigarettes indicated by the report information. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the server 102 sets x=5 and states, "Since you have smoked five cigarettes, the number of nicotine receptors in the brain has already been significantly expressed, and nicotine dependence has rekindled." resuming the oral use of smoking cessation aids and recording the medication status (self-monitoring: a form of behavioral therapy).” of smoking cessation treatment information is generated (S811). In this embodiment, it is possible to perform smoking cessation treatment according to the number of cigarettes smoked by not only judging the presence or absence of smoking and underestimation of the number of cigarettes smoked, but also judging whether or not the number of cigarettes reported is correct. to In this example, because he smoked a considerable amount of 5 cigarettes, unlike the case of smoking a small amount of about 1 cigarette, we proposed a more advanced treatment method of resuming the oral use of smoking cessation aids. there is

Also, if the reported information indicates smoking one cigarette 6 hours ago, and the measured CO concentration value is equal to or lower than the CO concentration upper limit value and is greater than the CO concentration lower limit value, it is determined that one cigarette was actually smoked. . In such a case, a smoking cessation treatment having declaration information=1 (single smoking) and consistency=1 (matching) in the smoking cessation treatment list shown in Table 3 is selected. Here, select ID = 4 and say, "You've only smoked one bottle. This is a very important scene. Many people think that it's okay if they only smoke one bottle, but that's a big mistake. But let's recognize that the brain will return to the state when it was dependent on nicotine.Reset your feelings and set a quitting date again (declaring quitting smoking: one of behavioral therapy)!" Smoking cessation treatment information for presenting guidance information to the patient is generated (S811).

There are many smokers who mistakenly think that it is okay to smoke only one cigarette and end up smoking only one cigarette. However, in fact, even if you smoke only one cigarette, the brain may return to the state when it was dependent on nicotine, and then return to the state of continuous smoking. In the present embodiment, based on the determination result of consistency with the reporting information indicating that one cigarette was smoked, the fact that only one cigarette was smoked and honestly reported that it is recognized that it may be possible to smoke only one cigarette. It detects that it is in a state where In this case, by presenting the guidance information as described above and correcting the misconception that it is okay to smoke only one cigarette, the next cigarette will be prevented (cognitive-behavioral therapy). , re-engage in smoking cessation.

In addition, if the report information indicates one cigarette smoked 6 hours ago and the CO concentration measurement value is greater than the CO concentration upper limit value, it is possible to smoke one cigarette even though more than one cigarette was actually smoked. It is judged to be underreported by only reporting In such a case, select the smoking cessation treatment with reported information=1 (single cigarette) and consistency=2 (underreported mismatch) in the smoking cessation treatment list shown in Table 3. Here, select ID = 5, and in addition to chewing gum with the compensatory behavior method (a type of behavioral therapy), ask for help from people who support quitting smoking, such as family and friends (social support). ; one of behavioral therapy)” to generate smoking cessation treatment information for presenting to the patient (S811). In this case, based on the judgment result of inconsistency between underreported information and underreported information indicating smoking, it is considered that behavioral therapy is not sufficiently effective with current practice alone. For this reason, in addition to the behavioral therapy of chewing gum that is already being done, we propose to add a new behavioral therapy of asking for help from people who support smoking cessation, such as family and friends.

In addition, when the number of cigarettes smoked was underreported, it is thought that smoking during smoking cessation treatment was regarded as a negative thing, and underreported. Therefore, ID = 2 with declaration information = ">= 0" and consistency = 2 (underreporting) is executed, and "I was able to quit smoking for a long time, but I ended up smoking again, and I was disappointed and depressed. Just think about it, it's a good thing that you quit smoking in the first place, so even if you do, you'll just go back to the way you were before and you won't realize that you've lost nothing. Do you want to correct false negative perceptions?

Furthermore, if the reported information indicates two cigarettes smoked 6 hours ago and the measured CO concentration is below the lower limit of CO concentration, only the CO concentration measured when fewer than two cigarettes were actually smoked is measured. It is judged to be overreported without fail. In such a case, a smoking cessation treatment having declaration information=1 (single cigarette) and consistency=0 (overreported inconsistency) in the smoking cessation treatment list shown in Table 3 is selected. Here, ID = 6 is selected, and "I smoked again, but the expression of nicotine receptors is not considered to be that strong, so throw away the cigarette and ashtray again (environmental improvement method: one of behavioral therapy) By practicing this, you will be able to avoid the next one.” to generate smoking cessation treatment information for presenting the patient with guidance information (S811). Patients are encouraged by making them aware that the effects of smoking are less severe than they think. Prevent relapse by implementing behavioral therapy to throw away cigarettes and ashtrays.

Furthermore, as in the second embodiment, the present invention can be carried out in the same manner by using the concentration of cotinine contained in saliva, which is a biological sample of a patient, as the biomarker concentration instead of the CO concentration. For example, in addition to the upper limit of cotinine concentration described in relation to the second embodiment, the lower limit of cotinine concentration can be determined based on a cotinine concentration decay function with a cotinine concentration half-life of C=15.

Furthermore, when smoking was carried out after a period of time, the cotinine concentration value at the elapsed time T from the first smoking was the half-life H = 15 for the cotinine concentration lower limit value as well as the cotinine concentration upper limit value. 7), and the subsequent decay function of the cotinine concentration value can also be calculated using the equation (6) with the half-life H=15. For example, FIG. 14 shows the cotinine concentration decay functions for the upper and lower limits of cotinine concentration when one cigarette is smoked 15 hours and 48 hours after the first cigarette (0 hour), respectively.

In the above-described embodiment, the configuration in which the patient-side device 103 and the biomarker concentration measuring device 104 are separated has been described, but the present invention can also be implemented by a device in which both are integrated. Further, the patient-side device 103 such as a smartphone may transmit the result of the consistency determination to the server 102 after performing the consistency determination S810, and the server 102 may generate smoking cessation treatment information based on the result. (S811). Furthermore, the consistency determination (S810) and the smoking cessation treatment information generation ((S811) may also be performed by the patient side device 103. In addition, all the steps in the present invention are executed by any computer included in the system, All steps need to be performed as a whole.

Each embodiment described above is an illustration for explaining the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. The present invention can be embodied in various forms without departing from the gist thereof.

100 System 101 Network 102 Server 103 Patient side device 104 CO monitor 104 Biomarker concentration measuring instrument 201 Processing device 202 Display device 203 Input device 204 Storage device 205 Communication device 206 Server program 210 Bus 301 Processing device 302 Display device 303 Input device 303 Patient-side device 304 Storage device 305 Communication device 306 Patient program 310 Bus 401 Processing device 402 Display device 403 Input device 404 Storage device 405 Communication device 406 Measuring instrument program 407 Sensor 410 Bus 501 Control unit 502 Display unit 503 Input unit 504 Storage unit 505 communication unit 601 control unit 602 display unit 603 input unit 604 storage unit 605 communication unit 701 control unit 702 display unit 703 input unit 704 storage unit 705 communication unit 707 sensor

Claims (7)

A program used for smoking cessation patients, the computer comprising:
receiving patient input of declaration information indicating whether or not the patient smokes;
obtaining a biomarker concentration measurement of the patient's biological sample measured by a biomarker densitometer that measures the concentration of a biomarker indicative of smoking status;
obtaining a timestamp indicating the measurement time of the biomarker concentration measurement determined by the biomarker concentration meter;
a consistency determination step of determining consistency between the measured biomarker concentration value and the reported information based on the measured biomarker concentration value, the measurement time indicated by the time stamp, and the biomarker concentration reference value;
generating smoking cessation therapy information for a smoking cessation therapy to be administered to the patient based on the consistency determination results;
presenting the generated smoking cessation treatment information;
and
In the consistency determination step, in addition to the biomarker concentration measurement value, the measurement time indicated by the time stamp, and the biomarker concentration reference value, past report information acquired before the report information and stored in the computer. determining the consistency between the biomarker concentration measurements and the declared information based on the the reporting information indicating the presence or absence of smoking includes the number of cigarettes smoked and the duration of smoking;
The consistency determination step includes:
determining a biomarker concentration upper limit value as a biomarker concentration reference value based on the number of cigarettes smoked, the smoking time, and the decay function of the biomarker concentration;
comparing the measured biomarker concentration to the upper limit of biomarker concentration;
determining that the reported information and the measured biomarker concentration are inconsistent when the measured biomarker concentration is greater than the upper limit of the biomarker concentration;
to run
A program according to claim 1. The consistency determination step further causes the computer to:
determining a biomarker concentration lower limit value as a biomarker concentration reference value based on the number of cigarettes smoked, the smoking time period, and the decay function of the biomarker concentration;
comparing the measured biomarker concentration to the lower limit of biomarker concentration;
determining that the measured biomarker concentration value and the reported information are inconsistent due to underreporting when the measured biomarker concentration value is greater than the upper limit of the biomarker concentration value;
determining that the measured biomarker concentration is consistent with the reported information when the measured biomarker concentration is less than or equal to the upper biomarker concentration limit and greater than the lower biomarker concentration limit;
a step of determining that the measured biomarker concentration value and the reported information are inconsistent due to overreporting when the measured biomarker concentration value is equal to or lower than the lower limit value of the biomarker concentration;
to run
3. A program according to claim 2 . The program according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the biological sample is breath, the biomarker is carbon monoxide (CO), and the biomarker concentration measuring device is a CO concentration measuring device. The program according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein said biological sample is saliva, said biomarker is cotinine, and said biomarker concentration measuring device is a cotinine concentration measuring device. A computer used for smoking cessation patients, comprising:
Receiving input of declaration information indicating the presence or absence of smoking by the patient,
obtaining a biomarker concentration measurement of the patient's biological sample measured by a biomarker densitometer that measures the concentration of a biomarker indicative of smoking status;
Obtaining a time stamp indicating the measurement time of the biomarker concentration measurement determined by the biomarker concentration meter;
determining consistency between the measured biomarker concentration value and the reported information based on the measured biomarker concentration value, the measurement time indicated by the time stamp, and the biomarker concentration reference value;
generating smoking cessation treatment information indicating a smoking cessation treatment to be performed for the patient based on the consistency determination result;
presenting information for smoking cessation therapy to the patient based on the smoking cessation therapy information;
Determining the consistency includes, in addition to the biomarker concentration measurement value, the measurement time indicated by the time stamp, and the biomarker concentration reference value, past declarations acquired prior to the declaration information and stored in a computer. determining the consistency of the biomarker concentration measurement with the declared information based on the information;
Computer. A computer implemented method for use with a smoking cessation patient comprising:
receiving patient input of declaration information indicating whether or not the patient smokes;
obtaining a biomarker concentration measurement of the patient's biological sample measured by a biomarker densitometer that measures the concentration of a biomarker indicative of smoking status;
obtaining a timestamp indicating the measurement time of the biomarker concentration measurement determined by the biomarker concentration meter;
a consistency determination step of determining consistency between the measured biomarker concentration value and the reported information based on the measured biomarker concentration value, the measurement time indicated by the time stamp, and the biomarker concentration reference value;
generating smoking cessation treatment information indicating a smoking cessation treatment to be administered to the patient based on the consistency determination result;
presenting information for smoking cessation therapy to the patient based on the smoking cessation therapy information;
including
In the consistency determination step, in addition to the biomarker concentration measurement value, the measurement time indicated by the time stamp, and the biomarker concentration reference value, past report information acquired before the report information and stored in the computer. determining the consistency of the biomarker concentration measurements and the declared information based on the method.

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