JP7144010B2 - Direct acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an actuator that converts energy into mechanical motion, and more particularly to a direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator that linearly reciprocates a plunger using an electromagnetic solenoid.

A hammering test method, which is a type of non-destructive test method, is used to inspect the presence or absence of exfoliation, cavities, cracks, and the like inside concrete structures and the like, and their sizes. This hammering inspection method is an inspection method in which an inspector holds a hammer by hand, hits the surface of a concrete structure or the like, listens to the hammering sound, and judges the presence or absence of cavities and the risk of delamination. This hammering sound inspection method by an inspector is a method for judging whether or not there is an abnormality inside a concrete structure or the like based on differences in sound quality of hammering sounds based on the experiential sense of an expert.

The hammering test method tends to take a long time for inspection when the area to be inspected is wide, such as a concrete structure. Therefore, a hammering sound inspection device using a mechanical impact hammer device has come to be used. This hammering tester is an inspection device that continuously strikes the surface of a concrete structure or the like with a mechanical impact hammer and detects vibrations of the concrete structure that are excited on the surface of the structure or the like with a vibration sensor. be.

This hammering test apparatus is characterized in that it can apply a uniform impact force to a structure or the like as compared with the conventional hammering test method by an inspector. Also, by striking the surface of a structure or the like while moving the impact hammer, inspection efficiency can be improved, making it suitable for wide-range inspection.

A hammering sound inspection device generates a hammering sound when the hammer head collides with the surface of a structure or the like due to the reciprocating motion of the hammer. A hammering sound is generated each time the head of an impact hammer collides with the surface of a structure, etc. However, the propagation characteristics of the sound waves generated by the vibration of the concrete are different between normal and abnormal locations inside the concrete, resulting in different impact waveforms. difference can be seen. When compared with the conventional hammering test method by an inspector, the method of applying a striking force is different, so the hammering sound characteristics obtained by the hammering sound inspection apparatus are different from those in the conventional hammering sound inspection method by an inspector.

Hammering sound inspection devices are used for large-scale outdoor structures to be inspected. It is mainly used as an inspection method for screening. A wide range of inspections is carried out by a hammering inspection device, and abnormal portions (deformed portions) discovered are then inspected in detail by hammering inspection methods or other inspection devices and inspection methods.

The impact hammer device used in this hammering sound inspection device moves the impact hammer back and forth with an actuator. This actuator has a ferromagnetic material (such as electromagnetic soft steel) arranged as a plunger in a solenoid coil (exciting coil). An electric current is passed through this excitation coil, and the attraction force of the plunger is used to operate the plunger. In order to increase the magnetic force, a magnetic circuit made of mild steel or the like may be required outside the solenoid coil.

An example of a conventional electromagnetic solenoid has a configuration as shown in the front view of FIG. 17 and the cross-sectional view of FIG. 18, for example. A return spring 53 is inserted into a cylinder 52 having an opening at one end, and a plunger 54 is installed so as to press the return spring 53 . The plunger 54 consists of an iron core or the like. This cylinder 52 was inserted into a coil bobbin 55 and an exciting coil 56 was wound around this coil bobbin 55 . There is one composed of a magnetic yoke 57 in which the exciting coil 56 and the plunger 54 are housed.

When an electric current is applied to the excitation coil 56, the plunger 54 is attracted to a point of equilibrium with the spring reaction force of the return spring 53 (leftward in FIG. 18). When the current to the excitation coil 56 is interrupted, the reaction force of the return spring 53 returns (to the right in FIG. 18). At this time, the plunger 54 can be linearly moved (reciprocated) by repeatedly turning on and off the current.

As a technology related to such an actuator or a mechanical impact hammer device using the same, for example, as in Patent Document 1, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2005-201676 “Concrete impact test impact device”, the hammer head is slid to the frame. The hammer shaft is slidably connected to the actuator shaft of the solenoid for a certain range, the hammer shaft and the hammer head move forward integrally when the actuator shaft moves forward, and the actuator shaft reaches the forward end. Later, a hammering apparatus for concrete hammering test was proposed in which the hammer shaft and the hammer head are further advanced to collide with an object to be hammered.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-201676

In the structure of a conventional actuator, the impact speed was limited to about 30 mS due to the magnetic properties of the yoke and plunger. When performing a hammering test over a wide range, for example, when performing a hammering test over a wide range such as in a tunnel, it is necessary to perform the hammering test at a high speed. Moreover, in the case of such a wide range, it is possible to shorten the inspection time by simultaneously operating a plurality of hammering sound inspection apparatuses. Therefore, in order to attach the hammering test device to a traveling device, it has been desired to reduce the size and weight of the actuator itself. However, the actuator having the conventional configuration described above has a problem that it cannot be reduced in size and weight.

Further, when the length of the solenoid coil and the length of the plunger are the same, the magnetic equilibrium point is when the plunger is fully inserted into the solenoid coil, and the attractive force becomes zero. There was a problem that the attractive force became non-linear depending on the position of the solenoid coil and the plunger.

The present invention has been created to solve such problems. That is, an object of the present invention is to increase the speed of the plunger and reduce the weight of the device itself by devising the configurations of the exciting coil and the plunger, and to utilize the device not only for the hammering test device but also for various devices. To provide a direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator capable of

A first aspect of the present invention is a direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator (1) that reciprocates the plunger by using the attractive force of the plunger by applying an electric current to an exciting coil,
A plunger (3) in which a rod-shaped permanent magnet (2) is inserted into a cylindrical member (10) and both ends are sealed;
One end of a cylindrical member (14) is sealed, and a pressurizing spring (4) is inserted from an opening at the other end, and the plunger (3) slides so as to press the pressurizing spring (4). a freely inserted cylinder (5);
Exciting coils (7a, 7b) wound on a coil bobbin (6) inserted with the cylinder (5) and the plunger (3),
The excitation coils (7a, 7b) are wound separately in two sections in the axial direction of the coil bobbin (6), and the windings of the excitation coils (7a, 7b) are connected in parallel as opposite windings, It is characterized in that the magnetic poles generated by the respective exciting coils (7a, 7b) when energized are configured to be opposing magnetic poles.

The plunger (3) is preferably a permanent magnet (2) having a so-called strong magnetic force, such as a neodymium magnet or a samarium magnet (samarium cobalt magnet), inserted in a cylindrical member (10).
The coil bobbin (6) has a partition wall (9) formed around its center in the center.
It is desirable that the plunger (3) contains a Newtonian liquid that prevents direct contact between the permanent magnet (2) and the cylindrical member (10).

A second aspect of the present invention is a direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator (1 a marking device (21) using
A rod-shaped permanent magnet (2) is inserted into a cylindrical member (27) having an ink extrusion shaft (28) at one end and an ink supply bottom (29) at the other end, and both ends are sealed. an ink supply plunger (23);
A nozzle (22) is provided at one end of a cylindrical member (35), and an ink supply cylinder (26) is provided at the other end, and further mounted between the ink supply cylinder (26) and the ink supply plunger (23). an ink supply cylinder (24) into which the ink supply plunger (23) is slidably inserted while the ink supply plunger (23) is pressed by a spring (32);
Exciting coils (7a, 7b) wound on a coil bobbin (6) inserted with the ink supply plunger (23) and the ink supply cylinder (24),
By reciprocating the ink supply plunger (23) with magnetic poles generated by energizing the excitation coils (7a, 7b), the ink supplied from the ink supply cylinder (26) is supplied to the nozzle (22). ) is configured to be ejected from.

The ink supply cylinder (26) of the ink supply cylinder (24) is formed with a spring support cylinder (31) narrower than the outer diameter of the ink supply plunger (23), and the tip of the spring support cylinder (31) ( 31a) is positioned to contact the ink supply bottom (29) when the ink supply plunger (23) is in the retracted state.
The ink supply bottom (29) preferably has a hemispherical shape so as to protrude toward the tip (31a) of the spring support cylinder (31).

In the first configuration of the present invention, the plunger (3) is not a conventional iron core, but a bar-shaped permanent magnet (2), and the exciting coils (7a, 7b) each have two windings. It is wound separately and connected in parallel as reverse windings. When diodes are connected to both ends of each exciting coil (7a, 7b) in opposite directions, the release of energy due to excitation when the current is interrupted causes a reverse current through the diodes, and the magnetic poles of each exciting coil (7a, 7b) are reversed when attracted. Become. Furthermore, it can return to the initial position at high speed in order to combine with the compression energy of the pressurized spring (4). As a result, the reciprocating motion of the plunger (3) is faster compared to conventional electromagnetic solenoid actuators which consist of an iron core plunger and a unidirectionally wound excitation coil.

In the coil bobbin (6) in which the partition wall (9) is formed around the axis in the center, the excitation coils (7a, 7b) are simply wound in opposite directions on the respective regions, and the excitation coils (7a, 7b) are energized. The magnetic poles generated at are opposite magnetic poles.
When the plunger (3) is filled with Newtonian liquid, the direct collision between the inner wall and the permanent magnet (2) due to the impact of the plunger (3) is avoided, and the permanent magnet (2) is damaged. can be prevented.

In the configuration of the second invention, the ink supply plunger (23) is moved by the permanent magnet (2) inside it being attracted into the excitation coils (7a, 7b) by electromagnetic force, and the spring (32) is moved. It is returned by elastic force. This repetition repeats the sliding of the ink supply plunger (23) within the ink supply cylinder (24). The ink supply plunger (23) feeds the ink toward the ink pushing shaft (28) (nozzle (22)) by repeating this process. Furthermore, the supplied ink is caused by surface tension between the periphery of the tubular member (27) of the ink supply plunger (23) and the inner wall of the tubular member (27) of the ink supply cylinder (24). Since it is configured to be transmitted to the extrusion shaft (28) (nozzle (22)) side, the ejection amount of ink is made uniform regardless of whether the device is facing downward or upward, and it is possible to mark the concrete wall surface in a stable state. can.

The ink supply cylinder (26) of the ink supply cylinder (24) is formed with a spring support cylinder (31) thinner than the outer diameter of the ink supply plunger (23). is positioned to contact the hemispherical ink supply bottom (29) when the ink supply plunger (23) is in the retracted condition. This contact provides a so-called "valve" function. When ink is supplied, the hemispherical ink supply bottom (29) promotes smooth movement of the ink.

1 is a front view showing a direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator of Example 1. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator of Example 1. FIG. 1 is a side view showing a direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator of Example 1. FIG. 4 is an enlarged front view showing the plunger and cylinder of Example 1. FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the plunger and cylinder of Example 1. FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the plunger and cylinder of Example 1. FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram for driving the direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator of Example 1. FIG. FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram of a pulse current and a waveform diagram of a diode current when driving the direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator of Example 1; The states of driving the direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator of the first embodiment are shown, (a) in which the plunger is stopped, (b) in the retracted state, and (c) in the advanced state of the plunger. It is a graph which shows a magnetization curve and a demagnetization curve. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a marking device using a direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator of Example 2; FIG. 10 is a partially sectioned front view showing an ink supply plunger of a marking device using a direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator of Example 2; FIG. 10 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an ink supply plunger and an ink supply cylinder of the marking device using the direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator of Example 2; FIG. 8 is an explanatory cross-sectional view for explaining the operation of the marking device using the direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator of Example 2, where (a) is the state in which the ink supply plunger is advanced (at the time of ink ejection), and (b) is the ink supply plan; The jar is in the retracted state (during ink suction). Ink is expressed in gray on paper. FIG. 8 is an explanatory cross-sectional view for explaining the usage state of the marking device using the direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator of Example 2, where (a) is a state in which the ink pushing shaft faces upward, and (b) is a state in which the ink pushing shaft faces downward. is. FIG. 11 is a system diagram showing an example of a system for operating a marking device using the direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator of Example 2; FIG. 10 is a front view showing a conventional electromagnetic solenoid actuator; FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional electromagnetic solenoid actuator; FIG. 4 is a front view showing a state in which the inside of a tunnel is inspected by an inspection device;

The direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator of the present invention is a direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator that reciprocates the plunger by using the attractive force of the plunger by applying an electric current to the exciting coil, and the exciting coil is the axis of the coil bobbin. The windings of the respective exciting coils are connected in parallel as opposite windings, and the magnetic poles generated by the respective exciting coils when energized are configured to be opposing magnetic poles.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
<Configuration of direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator>
FIG. 1 is a front view showing a direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator of Example 1. FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator of Example 1. FIG. FIG. 3 is a side view showing the direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator of Example 1. FIG.
A direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator 1 of the present invention comprises a plunger 3 in which a permanent magnet 2 is inserted, and a cylinder 5 in which the plunger 3 is slidably inserted so as to press a pressure spring 4. have Furthermore, it has a coil bobbin 6 around which excitation coils 7a and 7b are wound, into which the plunger 3 and the cylinder 5 are both inserted. A permanent magnet 2 is used for the plunger 3 of the present invention instead of a conventional iron core.

The exciting coils 7a and 7b of the present invention are wound separately in two sections in the axial direction of the coil bobbin 6, as shown in FIG. The windings of the respective exciting coils 7a and 7b are connected in parallel as opposite windings. The magnetic poles generated by the excitation coils 7a and 7b when energized are configured to be opposed magnetic poles. The plunger 3 is caused to reciprocate by using the attractive force of the plunger 3 by applying an electric current to each of the excitation coils 7a and 7b. It is composed of a magnetic yoke 8 in which these exciting coils 7a and 7b and the plunger 3 are housed.

The coil bobbin 6 has a partition wall 9 formed around its center at its center. In the coil bobbin 6 in which the partition wall 9 is formed in the center in this manner, the magnetic poles generated in the respective exciting coils 7a and 7b when energized can be changed to the opposite magnetic poles by simply winding the exciting coils 7a and 7b in the respective regions in opposite directions. can do.

<Structure of Cylinder and Plunger>
4 is an enlarged front view showing the plunger and cylinder of Example 1. FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the plunger and cylinder of Example 1. FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the plunger and cylinder of Example 1. FIG.
The plunger 3 has a rod-shaped permanent magnet 2 inserted into a cylindrical member 10 and both ends thereof are sealed with sealing members 11 and 12, respectively. The permanent magnet 2 is made of, for example, neodymium or samarium, which has a strong magnetic force. In the present invention, the permanent magnet 2 is inserted into the cylindrical member 10 without using it directly. This is to withstand the high-speed reciprocating movement of the plunger 3 . This is to prevent the permanent magnet 2 from being damaged. For example, even if the direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator 1 of the present invention is incorporated in a device that receives impact such as a hammering test, the impact during operation of the device can be absorbed.

The cylinder 5 is a cylindrical member 14 whose one end is sealed with a cylinder sealing member 13 and whose other end has an opening. The pressurizing spring 4 is inserted into the cylindrical member 14, and the plunger 3 is slidably inserted so as to press the pressurizing spring 4. As shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 6, the plunger 3 has a cylindrical member 10 filled with Newtonian liquid such as lubricant or oil. Such a Newtonian liquid can be appropriately injected from an injection hole 15 formed in one sealing member 12 of the tubular member 10 . This Newtonian liquid can avoid direct collision between the inner wall and the permanent magnet 2 due to the impact of the plunger 3, thereby preventing the permanent magnet 2 from being damaged.

<Explanation of operation of direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator>
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram for driving the direct acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator of the first embodiment. FIG. 8 is a waveform diagram of a pulse current and a waveform diagram of a diode current when driving the direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator of Example 1. FIG. 9A and 9B show states in which the direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator of the first embodiment is driven, in which (a) is the plunger stopped state, (b) is the plunger retracted state, and (c) is the plunger advanced state. be.
In the direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator 1 of the present invention constructed as described above, the plunger 3 is a bar-shaped permanent magnet 2, and the windings of the exciting coils 7a and 7b are divided into two sections and wound respectively. This is a configuration in which they are connected in parallel as reverse windings. Therefore, if diodes are connected to both ends of each of the exciting coils 7a and 7b in opposite directions, the release of energy due to excitation when the current is interrupted causes a reverse current through the diodes, and the magnetic poles of the respective exciting coils 7a and 7b are reversed when they are attracted. . This causes it to move back and forth at high speed.

Furthermore, since it combines with the compression energy of the pressure spring 4, it can return to the initial position at high speed. As a result, the reciprocating motion of the plunger 3 is faster than that of a conventional electromagnetic solenoid actuator composed of a plunger with an iron core and an exciting coil wound in only one direction.

In the coil bobbin 6 in which the partition wall 9 is formed around the axis at the center, the magnetic poles generated in the respective exciting coils 7a and 7b when energized can be changed to the opposite magnetic poles by simply winding the exciting coils 7a and 7b in the respective regions in opposite directions. can do.

Since the plunger 3 is filled with Newtonian liquid, the permanent magnet 2 can be prevented from being damaged. For example, even if the direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator 1 of the present invention is incorporated in a device that receives impact, such as a hammering test, the impact during operation of the device can be absorbed.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing magnetization curves and demagnetization curves.
Conventional permanent magnets with weak magnetic force tend to lose their coercive force when placed in a magnetic field for a long period of time. However, with a strong magnetic force such as the neodymium magnet or samarium magnet (samarium-cobalt magnet) used in the plunger 3 of the present invention, as shown in the graph of the demagnetization curve, there is no decrease in coercive force and no problem. do not have.

Incidentally, as shown in the magnetization curve and demagnetization curve graphs of FIG. 10, the magnetization curve includes a JH curve (JH loop) and a BH curve (BH loop). The JH curve represents how much the magnetization magnitude of the magnet changes due to the external magnetic field. The BH curve represents the total magnetic flux density obtained by adding the magnetization of the magnet to the magnitude of the external magnetic field.

The JH curve varies from 0 (zero) for initial magnetization to a, b and reaches saturation at c. The state of this initial magnetization (magnetization) is called an initial magnetization curve, and the magnitude of magnetization of c is called saturation magnetization Js. Next, the external magnetic field is gradually reduced with respect to the magnet magnetized up to point c, and the magnet remains magnetized even at point d where the magnetic field is zero. The magnitude of the magnetization of the magnet when the external magnetic field is zero is called residual magnetization. Furthermore, when an external magnetic field is applied from d to e to f in the opposite (negative) direction, the magnetization magnitude of the magnet does not immediately become zero, but gradually becomes zero at point f. In this way, a major feature of magnets (hard magnetic materials) is that they retain their magnetization to some extent even when a reverse magnetic field is applied. The magnitude of the magnetic field at this point f is called the true coercive force, and it can be said that a magnet with a greater coercive force is stronger against a reverse magnetic field (harder to be demagnetized).

Next, the BH curve shows the total magnetic flux density of the magnet magnetization J and the applied external magnetic field H, as shown in Equation 1, and sees the change in the magnetization magnitude of the magnet only. It differs from the JH curve only by the amount of the external magnetic field. Therefore, the BH curve is obtained by adding the same magnitude of the external magnetic field to the JH curve on the Y axis. That is, since H is added to the magnetization J of the magnet as it goes to the right of the coordinates (plus H), the loop will rise to the right, and H will be subtracted from the J of the magnet as it goes to the left of the coordinates (minus H). , the loop goes down to the left shoulder.

The residual magnetization (residual magnetic flux density) Br at H=0 is the same value as Jr, but the coercive force Hcb at B=0 is smaller than Hcj. From the above, the BH curve represents the relationship between the magnetic flux density of the entire magnetic circuit incorporating the magnet and coil and the external magnetic field, so it is an important index when evaluating the magnetic circuit rather than the magnet itself. .

<Actuator Application Example 1 “Mechanical Impact Hammer Device”>
The direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator 1 of the first embodiment performs a direct-acting operation (linear reciprocating operation), and contributes to speeding up the plunger and reducing the weight of the device itself. Therefore, the direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator 1 of the present invention can be used in a mechanical impact hammer device used in a hammering sound inspection device. Although not shown, this mechanical impact hammer device is used for inspecting internal abnormalities, cracks, etc., on high-level concrete walls such as railway tunnel concrete walls, expressways, and bridge girders. can be used.

Furthermore, since the direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator 1 of the first embodiment is intended to reduce the weight of the device itself, the inspection device incorporating the direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator 1 can be used in the ceiling of railway tunnels, high-speed trains, etc. It can be used more safely when inspecting concrete walls in high places such as roads and bridge girders.
Since inspection and the like can be made lighter, it is possible to operate a plurality of devices at the same time.

<Actuator application example 2 “robot joints”>
The direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator 1 of Example 1 is not limited to the mechanical impact hammer device described above. Since it operates at high speed and has a powerful driving force, it can be applied to various other devices and mechanisms.
The direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator 1 of Example 1 can be used for a mechanism for operating the joints of a robot. The direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator 1 of the present invention can be used as a set of an actuator for bending the joint and an actuator for extending the joint when operating the joints of a robot. If necessary, it is possible to use a combination of a stretching actuator or a pulling actuator and an elastic member such as a spring.

The direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator 1 of Example 1 can be incorporated into a complicated mechanism. For the control of an actuator that requires complicated motions, a sensor that detects the motion state is incorporated to monitor the state. This adjusts the energy input to the actuator to enable desired motion.

<Actuator Application Example 3 “Other Devices and Devices”>
The direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator 1 of the first embodiment can be used for inspection devices and robot joints. Devices, furniture, and buildings that have an opening/closing mechanism or an operating mechanism can be used in various items such as home electric appliances, aircraft, automobiles, houses, and buildings. In particular, since the direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator 1 of the present invention operates at high speed and has a strong driving force, it can be used in a wide range of fields.

In the present invention, the plunger 3 is not an iron core as in the prior art, but a bar-shaped permanent magnet 2, and the windings of the exciting coils 7a and 7b are divided into two sections and wound in parallel. By adopting a connected configuration, the speed of the plunger 3 can be increased and the weight of the device itself can be reduced. It goes without saying that various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

A second embodiment is a marking device using the direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator 1 of the first embodiment. In this second embodiment, defects (deformed portions) such as cracks, cavities, and deterioration occurring in concrete structures, etc. are inspected mainly by the hammering test method, and these deformed portions are easily identified later. This is a marking device using a direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator 1 that performs marking as follows.

A hammering test method, which is a type of non-destructive test method, is used to inspect the presence or absence of exfoliation, cavities, cracks, and the like inside concrete structures and the like, and their sizes. This hammering inspection method is an inspection method in which an inspector holds a hammer by hand, hits the surface of a concrete structure or the like, listens to the hammering sound, and judges the presence or absence of cavities and the risk of delamination. This hammering sound inspection method by an inspector is a method for judging whether or not there is an abnormality inside a concrete structure or the like based on differences in sound quality of hammering sounds based on the empirical sense of an expert.

The hammering test method tends to take a long time for inspection when the area to be inspected is wide, such as a concrete structure. Therefore, a hammering sound inspection device using a mechanical impact hammer device has come to be used. This hammering tester is an inspection device that continuously strikes the surface of a concrete structure or the like with a mechanical impact hammer and detects vibrations of the concrete structure that are excited on the surface of the structure or the like with a vibration sensor. be.

This hammering test apparatus is characterized in that it can apply a uniform impact force to a structure or the like as compared with the conventional hammering test method by an inspector. Also, by striking the surface of a structure or the like while moving the impact hammer, inspection efficiency can be improved, making it suitable for wide-range inspection.

A hammering sound inspection device generates a hammering sound when the hammer head collides with the surface of a structure or the like due to the reciprocating motion of the hammer. A hammering sound is generated each time the head of an impact hammer collides with the surface of a structure, etc. However, the propagation characteristics of the sound waves generated by the vibration of the concrete are different between normal and abnormal locations inside the concrete, resulting in different impact waveforms. difference can be seen. When compared with the conventional hammering test method by an inspector, the method of applying a striking force is different, so the hammering sound characteristics obtained by the hammering sound inspection apparatus are different from those in the conventional hammering sound inspection method by an inspector.

Hammering sound inspection devices are used for large-scale outdoor structures to be inspected. The hammering tester is mainly used for screening when inspecting structures and the like. A wide range of inspections is performed with a hammering inspection device, and any abnormalities (deformed parts) that are discovered are then inspected in detail by a hammering inspection method or other inspection devices and inspection methods. . In order to confirm the position of this abnormal portion (deformed portion) later, a marking device is often attached to the hammering sound inspection device.

When inspecting such an abnormal part (deformed part), as a technique for marking the part, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2016-50801 of Patent Document 2 “Hitting device for hammering inspection with marking function, hammering inspection System and Marking Method", with a marking function that includes a striking part that strikes an object to be inspected, and a marking part that can mark the location of the object struck by the striking part on the object to be inspected. A striking device for hammering test has been proposed.
The marking unit is fixed to the holding unit and includes a marking actuator capable of moving the head unit from a marking standby position toward a marking position closer to the hitting location than the marking standby position, wherein the head The portion is provided integrally with the holding portion via the marking actuator.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2016-50801

In this conventional marking device, ink supplied from a bottle is ejected from an inkjet nozzle through a tube to perform predetermined marking. This marking device is mainly designed to be used facing downward. The inspection by the impact hammer of the hammering inspection device is not limited to always inspecting in the downward state. When inspecting the inside of the tunnel 61 of FIG. 19, the inspection device 62 is turned sideways, and at the same time the marking device (nozzle) is also turned sideways. Further, as shown in the figure, when inspecting a concrete ceiling surface, the inspection device 62 and the marking device (nozzle) are used in an upward position.

The marking device was often used by being attached to the hammering test device. At this time, in the conventional marking device, when the head is facing upward, less ink is ejected, and the marked portion may become unclear. Conversely, when it was facing downward, a large amount of ink was ejected, and it tended to bleed. There is a problem in that the amount of ink ejected differs between the downward and upward states of the marking device, and marking tends to be uneven, such as when the ink is dark and when it is thin.

The second embodiment of the present invention was invented to solve these problems. That is, the object of the present invention is to make the ejection amount of ink uniform regardless of whether the inspection device faces downward or upward when marking together with an inspection device such as a hammering sound inspection device, so that a stable state can be achieved on the concrete wall surface. The object of the present invention is to provide a marking device using a direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator 1 capable of marking with

In the marking device using the direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator 1 of the second embodiment, when a defective portion (deformed portion) of a concrete structure or the like is inspected, ink is applied to the deformed portion so as to facilitate later identification. is discharged from the nozzle for marking.

<Configuration of marking device>
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a marking device using a direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator of Example 2. FIG. FIG. 12 is a partially cross-sectional front view showing an ink supply plunger of a marking device using a direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator according to the second embodiment. FIG. 13 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the ink supply plunger and the ink supply cylinder of the marking device using the direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator of the second embodiment.
The marking device 21 using the direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator of the second embodiment ejects ink from the nozzle 22 onto a deformed portion of a building such as concrete that has been inspected by an inspection device such as a hammering sound inspection device. It is a device that marks by The marking device 21 mainly comprises an ink supply plunger 23, an ink supply cylinder 24, and the excitation coils 7a and 7b described above.

When the marking device 21 is operated, the ink supply plunger 23 is caused to reciprocate by the magnetic poles generated by energizing the excitation coils 7a and 7b of the direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator 1 described above. By reciprocating the ink supply plunger 23, the ink supplied from the ink supply cylinder 26 is ejected from the nozzle 22 of the ink supply plunger 23, marking the deformed portion inspected by a hammering inspection device or the like. do.

<Structure of Ink Supply Plunger>
The ink supply plunger 23 is a member having an ink pushing shaft 28 formed at one end of the opening of a tubular member 27 and an ink supply bottom 29 formed at the other end of the opening of the same tubular member 27 . The rod-shaped permanent magnet 2 described above is accommodated in the cylindrical member 27 and both ends thereof are sealed. The permanent magnet 2 reciprocates with the excitation coils 7a and 7b as described above, and is an important member for operating the ink supply plunger 23 itself.

The ink pushing shaft 28 consists of a shaft portion 28a and a plug portion 28b, and supplies the supplied ink in the axial direction of the cylindrical member 27. As shown in FIG. The shaft portion 28a is slidably inserted in the ink supply hole 22a of the nozzle 22. As shown in FIG. The plug portion 28b is closed to the opening of the tubular member 27 and operates integrally with the tubular member 27. As shown in FIG. The plug portion 28b has a function of sealing the iron core 30 inserted into the cylindrical member 27. As shown in FIG.

The ink supply bottom portion 29 of the ink supply plunger 23 is a member having a function of sending the supplied ink from the periphery of the tubular member 27 to the ink pushing shaft 28 side. One end of the ink supply bottom portion 29 has a hemispherical shape so as to protrude toward the tip portion 31 a of the spring support cylinder 31 . The other end of the ink supply bottom 29 is closed by the opening of the tubular member 27 .

Thus, the ink supply plunger 23 is the bar-shaped permanent magnet 2, and the windings of the exciting coils 7a and 7b are divided into two sections and connected in parallel as reverse windings. The electromagnetic path yoke 8 is made of a cylindrical steel material that is a magnetic material. Therefore, if diodes are connected to opposite ends of the exciting coils 7a and 7b, the release of energy due to excitation when the current is interrupted causes a reverse current through the diodes, and the magnetic poles of the exciting coils 7a and 7b are reversed when attracted. As a result, the ink supply plunger 23 moves back and forth at high speed. The ink supply plunger 23 repeatedly slides within the ink supply cylinder 24 to feed the ink toward the ink pushing shaft 28 (nozzle 22).

<Structure of Ink Supply Cylinder>
As shown in FIG. 11, the ink supply cylinder 24 is a member in which the nozzle 22 is provided at one end of a cylindrical member 35 and the ink supply cylinder 26 is provided at the other end. A spring 32 is attached between the ink supply cylinder 26 and the ink supply plunger 23 . The spring 32 causes the ink supply plunger 23 to be slidably inserted into the ink supply cylinder 24 while being pressed. In the illustrated example, a screw portion 22b is formed around the nozzle 22 for detachably attaching a head portion (not shown) for marking.

The ink supply cylinder 26 of the ink supply cylinder 24 is formed with a spring support cylinder 31 that is thinner than the outer diameter of the ink supply plunger 23, and the tip part 31a of this spring support cylinder 31 is in a state where the ink supply plunger 23 is retracted. It is arranged so as to contact the hemispherical ink supply bottom 29 at times. This contact provides a so-called "valve" function. When ink is supplied, the hemispherical ink supply bottom 29 promotes smooth movement of the ink. In the illustrated example, the ink supply cylinder 26 is formed with a threaded portion 26a for detachably attaching a pipe (not shown) that is also used when ink is supplied from a tank (not shown).

The nozzle 22 side of the ink supply cylinder 24 has a groove 34 for attaching an O-ring 33 . The O-ring 33 comes into contact with the shaft portion 28a of the ink pushing shaft 28, and has the function of preventing ink leakage when in contact. Conversely, when the shaft portion 28a of the ink pushing shaft 28 is not in contact with the O-ring 33, the flow of ink toward the tip of the nozzle 22 is not hindered. That is, the ink can be smoothly supplied to the nozzles 22 .

<Description of the operation of the marking device>
14A and 14B are explanatory cross-sectional views for explaining the operation of the marking device using the direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator of Example 2. FIG. The ink supply plunger is in the retracted state (during ink intake). Ink is expressed in gray on paper.
In the marking device 21 using the direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator 1 configured in this way, the ink supply plunger 23 moves back and forth within the ink supply cylinder 24 as shown in FIG. It is a configuration that moves. When ink is supplied from the ink supply cylinder 26 of the ink supply cylinder 24 , the ink fills the ink supply cylinder 26 to the periphery of the spring support cylinder 31 . At this time, between the periphery of the cylindrical member 27 of the ink supply plunger 23 and the inner wall of the cylindrical member 35 of the ink supply cylinder 24, the ink is transmitted to the ink pushing shaft 28 (nozzle 22) side due to surface tension. When ink is further pushed from the ink supply tube 26, the ink reaches the ink pushing shaft 28. - 特許庁

Next, as shown in FIG. 14(b), which is an illustration of ink sucking, when the ink supply plunger 23 is instantaneously returned, only the ink supply plunger 23 returns to the right side of the drawing while the ink remains. In this state, when the ink supply plunger 23 is advanced, the ink around the ink pushing shaft 28 is pushed out by the ink supply plunger 23, moves to the tip side of the nozzle 22, and is discharged from the nozzle hole 22a for marking. be able to. By repeating this operation, marking can be performed continuously.

<Explanation of upward and downward movements of the marking device>
15A and 15B are explanatory cross-sectional views illustrating the state of use of the marking device using the direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator of Example 2. (a) is a state in which the ink extrusion shaft is directed upward, and (b) is a state in which the ink extrusion shaft is facing upward. It is facing downwards. As in FIG. 14, the ink portion is expressed in gray.
The marking device 21 using the direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator of the second embodiment not only has an O-ring 33 on the nozzle 22 side, but also has a spring support cylinder 31 on the ink supply cylinder 26 side of the marking device 21. When the ink supply plunger 23 moves back and forth, the tip 31a of the spring support cylinder 31 of the ink supply cylinder 26 and the ink supply bottom 29 come into contact with each other. It has a function as a valve.

When the ink pushing shaft 28 faces upward as shown in FIG. 15(a), the tip 31a of the spring support cylinder 31 of the ink supply cylinder 26 and the ink supply bottom 29 are in contact with each other to function as a valve. To prevent a reduction in ink discharge amount by preventing reverse flow due to the weight of ink.

On the other hand, when the ink pushing shaft 28 faces downward as shown in FIG. 15(b), the O-ring 33 on the nozzle 22 side functions as a valve. To prevent a large amount of ink from being discharged by preventing backflow due to the weight of ink. Therefore, regardless of whether the marking device 21 is directed downward or upward, marking can be performed in a stable state without unevenness such as when the ink is thick or when the ink is thin.

<System configuration>
FIG. 16 is a system diagram showing an example of a system for operating a marking device using the direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator of the second embodiment.
The wall surface of the concrete structure is hit with, for example, a hammer head part of the hammering test device 41 . By this hitting, the hitting sound is collected by the microphone 42. - 特許庁If there are deformed parts such as cracks, cavities, deterioration, etc. in the concrete, the hammering sound will be different from the sound part. Audio data acquired by the microphone 42 is converted into an electric signal, which is amplified by the amplifier 43, and the amplified signal by the amplifier 43 is converted to direct current by the rectifier 44. A predetermined frequency component is extracted from this electrical signal, and the extracted waveform is displayed on a computer 45 (personal computer) or the like for analysis. For example, deformed parts such as cracks, cavities, and deterioration in concrete can be detected by waveform changes. The presence or absence of a deformed portion is determined by analyzing the voice data. The computer 45 also controls power (power supply 46) for the operation of the hammering test device 41 and the operation of the marking device 21. FIG.

The location of the deformity is marked by the marking device 21 of the present invention. The hammering test device 41 performs a hammering test in either downward or upward direction. In accordance with this orientation, the marking device 21 also performs marking either downward or upward. At this time, the marking device 21 of the present invention can discharge ink in a uniform amount regardless of whether the marking device 21 is directed downward or upward, and can mark the concrete wall surface in a stable state.

In addition, the second embodiment of the present invention makes the ejection amount of ink uniform regardless of whether the marking device 21 faces downward or upward when marking together with an inspection device such as a hammering sound inspection device, so that it can be applied to a concrete wall surface. As long as marking can be performed in a stable state, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be applied to impact hammer devices and various devices that perform linear motion (reciprocating motion) by using linear motion (reciprocating motion).

1 direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator 2 permanent magnet 3 plunger 4 pressure spring 5 cylinder 6 coil bobbin 7a, 7b excitation coil 9 partition 10 cylindrical member 14 cylindrical member 21 marking device 22 nozzle 23 ink supply plunger 24 ink supply cylinder 26 Ink supply cylinder 27 Cylindrical member 28 Ink pushing shaft 29 Ink supply bottom 31 Spring support cylinder 31a Spring support cylinder tip 32 Spring 35 Cylindrical member

Claims (8)

A direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator (1) that reciprocates the plunger by using the attractive force of the plunger by applying an electric current to an exciting coil,
A plunger (3) in which a rod-shaped permanent magnet (2) is inserted into a cylindrical member (10) and both ends are sealed;
One end of a cylindrical member (14) is sealed, and a pressurizing spring (4) is inserted from an opening at the other end, and the plunger (3) slides so as to press the pressurizing spring (4). a freely inserted cylinder (5);
Exciting coils (7a, 7b) wound on a coil bobbin (6) inserted with the cylinder (5) and the plunger (3),
The excitation coils (7a, 7b) are wound separately in two sections in the axial direction of the coil bobbin (6), and the windings of the excitation coils (7a, 7b) are connected in parallel as opposite windings, A direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator characterized in that the magnetic poles generated by the respective exciting coils (7a, 7b) when energized are configured to be opposite magnetic poles. 2. A direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator according to claim 1, wherein said plunger (3) has a neodymium magnet inserted as a permanent magnet (2) in said cylindrical member (10). 2. A direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator according to claim 1, wherein said plunger (3) has a samarium magnet inserted as a permanent magnet (2) in said tubular member (10). 2. A direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator according to claim 1, wherein said coil bobbin (6) has a partition wall (9) formed around its axis in the center thereof. 4. A direct contact according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein said plunger (3) is filled with Newtonian liquid for preventing direct contact between said permanent magnet (2) and said tubular member (10). Dynamic electromagnetic solenoid actuator. Marking device ( 21) and
A rod-shaped permanent magnet (2) is inserted into a cylindrical member (27) having an ink extrusion shaft (28) at one end and an ink supply bottom (29) at the other end, and both ends are sealed. an ink supply plunger (23);
A nozzle (22) is provided at one end of a cylindrical member (35), and an ink supply cylinder (26) is provided at the other end, and further mounted between the ink supply cylinder (26) and the ink supply plunger (23). an ink supply cylinder (24) into which the ink supply plunger (23) is slidably inserted while the ink supply plunger (23) is pressed by a spring (32);
Exciting coils (7a, 7b) wound on a coil bobbin (6) inserted with the ink supply plunger (23) and the ink supply cylinder (24),
By reciprocating the ink supply plunger (23) with magnetic poles generated by energizing the excitation coils (7a, 7b), the ink supplied from the ink supply cylinder (26) is supplied to the nozzle (22). ), a marking device using a direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator. The ink supply cylinder (26) of the ink supply cylinder (24) is formed with a spring support cylinder (31) narrower than the outer diameter of the ink supply plunger (23), and the tip of the spring support cylinder (31) ( 7. A direct acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator according to claim 6, characterized in that 31a) is arranged to contact said ink supply bottom (29) when said ink supply plunger (23) is in the retracted condition. marking device using The direct-acting electromagnetic solenoid actuator according to claim 6, characterized in that the ink supply bottom (29) has a hemispherical shape so as to protrude toward the tip (31a) of the spring support cylinder (31). marking device.

Images