JP7137117B2 - Protection relay range switching method - Google Patents
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- JP7137117B2 JP7137117B2 JP2018101174A JP2018101174A JP7137117B2 JP 7137117 B2 JP7137117 B2 JP 7137117B2 JP 2018101174 A JP2018101174 A JP 2018101174A JP 2018101174 A JP2018101174 A JP 2018101174A JP 7137117 B2 JP7137117 B2 JP 7137117B2
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本発明は、電力系統の電圧・電流を測定し、その信号をもとに演算を行い、過電圧・過電流等の事故を検出し保護リレー動作を行う保護リレー装置に関するものである。より詳しくは、針状波形が入力された場合でも、測定が可能な保護リレーに関する。 The present invention relates to a protective relay device that measures voltage and current of a power system, performs calculations based on the signals, detects accidents such as overvoltage and overcurrent, and performs protective relay operations. More specifically, the present invention relates to a protection relay capable of measuring even when a needle waveform is input.
保護リレーの多くは、入力の高いレベルから低いレベルまでを高精度で確認する必要があり、２つ以上の電気量検出回路(レンジ)を有している。従来はそれぞれのレンジからの出力を、アナログフィルタにて高周波成分を除去した後に、それぞれ規定値と比較して適切なレンジを選択していた。しかしながら、間欠地絡事故で発生する針状波では不適切なレンジを選択する可能性があった。 Most of the protective relays have two or more electric quantity detection circuits (ranges), which must be checked with high precision from high level to low level of the input. Conventionally, after removing high-frequency components from the output from each range with an analog filter, each range is compared with a specified value to select an appropriate range. However, there is a possibility that an inappropriate range will be selected for needle waves generated by intermittent ground faults.
特許文献１には、入力電流の高いレベルから低いレベルまでを精度よく確認できるよう1つの入力変換器(ＣＴ)に対して低レベル用の電気量検出回路(Ａ)と高レベル用の電気量検出回路(Ｂ)の２つのレンジが用意されていて、それらの出力を切り替えるスイッチ(ＳＷ)を設け、入力によって２つを切り替える事により広範囲で高精度を得る方法が開示されている。 In Patent Document 1, an electric quantity detection circuit (A) for low level and an electric quantity for high level are connected to one input converter (CT) so as to accurately check the input current from high to low levels. A method is disclosed in which two ranges are provided for the detection circuit (B), a switch (SW) is provided to switch between the outputs, and high accuracy is obtained over a wide range by switching between the two depending on the input.
また特許文献２には、入力電流の大きさを検出し、フルスケールを超えるか否か判定し、その結果によりフルスケール切替信号を送出し、フルスケール切替回路でフルスケールを切り替えて処理を行う技術が開示されている。 Further, in Patent Document 2, the magnitude of the input current is detected, it is determined whether or not it exceeds the full scale, a full scale switching signal is sent based on the results, and the full scale is switched by a full scale switching circuit for processing. Techniques are disclosed.
従来技術は正弦波入力では有効であるが、高調波が過大に重畳された波形、例えば、間欠地絡事故で発生する針状波波形では有効ではない。針状波波形はピーク値が大きく、検出回路でピーク部分がカットされる場合があり、アナログフィルタにより高周波分が減少すると波形が減衰し、判定値Ｋを下回る可能性がある。結果、元々高レベル検出回路で処理すべきところが低レベル検出回路で処理してしまう恐れがある。ピーク部分をカットしないよう電気量検出範囲を更に上げるという対策が考えられるが、現状の精度を維持しようとした場合、レンジを３つ以上に増やす必要があり、回路の増加・コスト上昇につながる。現状の構成をなるべく変更せずに、正弦波からかけ離れた波形でも適切なレンジを選択できる保護リレーを提供することを目的とする。 Although the prior art is effective for sinusoidal input, it is not effective for waveforms with excessively superimposed harmonics, such as needle waveforms that occur in intermittent ground faults. The needle wave waveform has a large peak value, and the peak portion may be cut by the detection circuit. As a result, there is a possibility that a signal that should be processed by the high-level detection circuit may be processed by the low-level detection circuit. It is possible to take measures to further increase the electric quantity detection range so as not to cut the peak part, but if the current accuracy is to be maintained, it is necessary to increase the range to three or more, which leads to an increase in the number of circuits and an increase in cost. To provide a protection relay capable of selecting an appropriate range even for a waveform far from a sine wave without changing the current configuration as much as possible.
上記課題を解決する為に、従来技術の構成に加えて、１回目レンジ切替部（ＳＷ１）－リレー処理部（Ｒｙ）間に２回目レンジ切替部（ＳＷ２）,判定部（Ｃ２）を追加する。判定部（Ｃ２）では、低レベル電気量検出回路出力信号(２Ａ)と高レベル電気量検出回路出力信号(２Ｂ)を比較しており、高レベル電気量検出回路出力信号（２Ｂ）が低レベル電気量検出回路出力信号（２Ａ）のＫ’倍上回っていたら、（２Ａ）から（２Ｂ）にＳＷ２を切り替えてその後の処理を行う。 In order to solve the above problems, in addition to the configuration of the prior art, a second range switching section (SW2) and a determination section (C2) are added between the first range switching section (SW1) and the relay processing section (Ry). . The determination section (C2) compares the low-level electric quantity detection circuit output signal (2A) with the high-level electric quantity detection circuit output signal (2B), and the high-level electric quantity detection circuit output signal (2B) is at the low level. If it exceeds the electric quantity detection circuit output signal (2A) by K′ times, SW2 is switched from (2A) to (2B) and the subsequent processing is performed.
本発明の方法を用いると保護リレーの間欠地絡事故で発生する針状波波形等、高調波が過大に重畳された波形でも適切なレンジを選択できる。 By using the method of the present invention, it is possible to select an appropriate range even for waveforms with excessively superimposed harmonics, such as needle waveforms generated by intermittent ground faults in protective relays.
本発明の具体的な動きについて図３本発明のブロック図と、図４本発明のタイミングチャートを用いて説明する。
（１） 電力系統からの電気量(電流入力)（０）がリレー内の入力変換器(補助変流器)(ＣＴ)に入力される。なお、電流入力（０）は正弦波ではなく、間欠地絡事故で発生する針状波が入力されたとする。
（２） 電流入力（０）は、入力変換器(補助変流器)(ＣＴ)を通って、入力変換器信号（１）を出力し、低レベル検出回路(Ａ)と高レベル検出回路(Ｂ)の両方に入力される。レベル検出回路は、一般的にゲイン回路(ＡＧ,ＢＧ)とアナログフィルタ回路(ＡＦ,ＢＦ)で構成されており、今回もこの構成とする。
（３） 電流入力（１）は、針状波波形であり、ピーク部分が低レベルゲイン回路（ＡＧ）,高レベルゲイン回路（ＢＧ）でそれぞれカットされる。その後低レベルアナログフィルタ（ＡＦ）,高レベルアナログフィルタ（ＢＦ）により高周波分が減衰され、低レベル電気量検出回路出力信号（２Ａ）、高レベル電気量検出回路出力信号（２Ｂ）として出力されて、１回目レンジ切替部（ＳＷ１）に入力される。高レベル電気量検出回路出力信号（２Ｂ）は、１回目レンジ切替部（ＳＷ１の制御部（Ｃ１）に入力されて、判定値（Ｋ）と比較する。判定値（Ｋ）は、低レベル検出回路（Ａ）の検出範囲の最大値から所定値だけ小さい値としている。
（２Ｂ）が判定値（Ｋ）を下回れば（２Ａ）を選択し、上回れば（２Ｂ）を選択する。本来、針状波は大きい値であり（２Ｂ）を選択するはずが、ピーク部分が高レベルゲイン回路（ＢＧ）でカットされ、高レベルアナログフィルタ（ＢＦ）で減衰してしまい、判定値（Ｋ）を下回り、低レベル電気量検出回路出力信号（２Ａ）を選択しまう場合がある。(本来は、高レベル電気量検出回路出力信号（２Ｂ）を選ぶはずが、不適切なレンジを選択してしまう。)
（４） ＳＷ１の出力信号（２Ｃ）と、高レベル電気量検出回路出力信号（２Ｂ）は、ＳＷ２及びＣ２に入力される。Ｃ２は、低レベル電気量検出回路出力信号（２Ａ）と高レベル電気量検出回路出力信号（２Ｂ）を比較し、高レベル電気量検出回路出力信号（２Ｂ）が低レベル電気量検出回路出力信号（２Ａ）のＫ’倍上回っていたら、低レベル電気量検出回路出力信号（２Ａ）⇒高レベル電気量検出回路出力信号（２Ｂ）にＳＷ２を切り替えて出力する。つまり、適切なレンジに選択し直している。
（５） ＳＷ２の出力がリレー処理部(Ｒｙ)に入力され、出力信号（４）を接点回路等の各回路へ出力する。判定値Ｋ’＝(1/アナログフィルタでの減衰量（測定値）)以上の値とする。本実施例ではレンジが２個の場合を説明したが、レンジが３つ以上の場合でも、ＳＷ１後の出力で選択された出力値とその一つ上位の出力値を比較することで、同様のパフォーマンスを発揮することができる。
Specific operations of the present invention will be described with reference to the block diagram of the present invention in FIG. 3 and the timing chart of the present invention in FIG.
(1) An electrical quantity (current input) (0) from the power system is input to the input converter (auxiliary current transformer) (CT) in the relay. It is assumed that the current input (0) is not a sine wave but a needle wave generated by an intermittent ground fault.
(2) The current input (0) passes through the input converter (auxiliary current transformer) (CT), outputs the input converter signal (1), and passes through the low level detection circuit (A) and the high level detection circuit ( B) is input to both. A level detection circuit is generally composed of gain circuits (AG, BG) and analog filter circuits (AF, BF), and this time also has this configuration.
(3) The current input (1) has a needle-like waveform, and the peak portion is cut by the low-level gain circuit (AG) and the high-level gain circuit (BG), respectively. After that, high-frequency components are attenuated by a low-level analog filter (AF) and a high-level analog filter (BF), and output as a low-level electric quantity detection circuit output signal (2A) and a high-level electric quantity detection circuit output signal (2B). , is input to the first range switching unit (SW1). The high-level electric quantity detection circuit output signal (2B) is input to the control section (C1) of the first range switching section (SW1) and compared with the judgment value (K). It is set to a value smaller than the maximum value of the detection range of circuit (A) by a predetermined value.
If (2B) is less than the judgment value (K), (2A) is selected, and if it exceeds the judgment value (K), (2B) is selected. Originally, the needle wave is a large value and (2B) should be selected, but the peak part is cut by the high level gain circuit (BG) and attenuated by the high level analog filter (BF), resulting in the judgment value (K ), and the low-level electric quantity detection circuit output signal (2A) may be selected. (Originally, the high-level electric quantity detection circuit output signal (2B) should be selected, but an inappropriate range is selected.)
(4) The output signal (2C) of SW1 and the high-level electric quantity detection circuit output signal (2B) are input to SW2 and C2. C2 compares the low-level electric quantity detection circuit output signal (2A) with the high-level electric quantity detection circuit output signal (2B), and the high-level electric quantity detection circuit output signal (2B) is the low-level electric quantity detection circuit output signal. If it exceeds (2A) by K' times, the SW2 is switched from the low-level electric quantity detection circuit output signal (2A) to the high-level electric quantity detection circuit output signal (2B) and output. In other words, the appropriate range is reselected.
(5) The output of SW2 is input to the relay processing section (Ry), and the output signal (4) is output to each circuit such as a contact circuit. A value equal to or greater than the judgment value K' = (1/Attenuation amount (measured value) in the analog filter). In the present embodiment, the case where there are two ranges has been explained, but even when there are three or more ranges, the same output value can be obtained by comparing the output value selected by the output after SW1 and the output value one higher. performance can be demonstrated.
＜部品、回路名＞
ＣＴ：入力変換器（補助変流器）
Ａ：低レベル電気量検出回路
ＡＧ：低レベルゲイン回路
ＡＦ：低レベルアナログフィルタ
Ｂ：高レベル電気量検出回路
ＢＧ：高レベルゲイン回路
ＢＦ：高レベルアナログフィルタ
ＳＷ１：1回目レンジ切替部
ＳＷ２：2回目レンジ切替部
Ｃ１：判定部（1段目入力）
Ｃ２：判定部（2段目入力）
Ｒｙ：リレー処理部
＜信号名＞
０：アナログ入力
１：入力変換器出力信号
２Ａ：低レベル電気量検出回路出力信号
２Ｂ：高レベル電気量検出回路出力信号
３：ＳＷ１制御信号
４：リレー要素出力信号
５：ＳＷ２制御信号
<Component, circuit name>
CT: Input converter (auxiliary current transformer)
A: Low-level electric quantity detection circuit AG: Low-level gain circuit AF: Low-level analog filter B: High-level electric quantity detection circuit BG: High-level gain circuit BF: High-level analog filter SW1: First range switching part SW2: 2 Range switching section C1 for first time: Judgment section (first stage input)
C2: Judgment part (2nd stage input)
Ry: relay processing unit <signal name>
0: analog input 1: input
Claims (1)
An input converter, a detection circuit with different levels formed by a gain circuit and an analog filter in the subsequent stage, two range switching units of the detection circuit, and two determination units for determining the switching of the range, 1 The range switching unit compares the output value of the high level detection circuit and the judgment value, and if the output value is equal to or higher than the judgment value, the high level detection circuit processes it as it is. Switching to the level detection circuit, the second range switching unit switches to the output value of the high level detection circuit if the output value of the high level detection circuit is greater than K' times the output value of the low level detection circuit. protection relay.
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| JP2018101174A JP7137117B2 (en) | 2018-05-28 | 2018-05-28 | Protection relay range switching method |
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| JP2018101174A JP7137117B2 (en) | 2018-05-28 | 2018-05-28 | Protection relay range switching method |
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| JP2019208294A JP2019208294A (en) | 2019-12-05 |
| JP7137117B2 true JP7137117B2 (en) | 2022-09-14 |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002116052A (en) | 2000-10-11 | 2002-04-19 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Measuring device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3257143B2 (en) * | 1993-05-31 | 2002-02-18 | 富士電機株式会社 | How to extend the dynamic range of protection relays |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002116052A (en) | 2000-10-11 | 2002-04-19 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Measuring device |
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