JP7125712B2 - Non-destructive test equipment for structures and its non-destructive test method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to elastic deformation of defective parts (deformed parts) such as cracks, cavities, and deterioration in structures such as concrete, and internal defects in metal structures such as iron bridges that are integrated with concrete. The present invention relates to a technique for inspection by non-destructive testing using waves, etc., and more particularly to a non-destructive testing apparatus for a structure and a non-destructive testing method thereof, which can be inspected by reliably pressing the testing apparatus against the structure.

Many concrete structures are large structures such as tunnels and bridges. Regarding defects in concrete, the evaluation targets include the depth of bending and cracks, the degree of injection material filling, cracks inside the concrete due to fatigue, the state of the reinforced concrete interface due to corrosion of reinforcing bars, and the degree of filling of PC grout (prestressed concrete injection material). Become. Furthermore, cavities may occur in concrete structures over a long period of time due to various factors. The existence of such cavities has a great influence on deterioration of strength of concrete structures, and detection of cavities is important for maintenance of concrete structures.

Bridges such as steel bridges and concrete bridges are also subjected to various inspections for their maintenance. Metal structures of steel bridges are inspected by various non-destructive tests. For example, for testing abnormalities, surface flaws and internal defects of metal structures, ultrasonic testing (vertical, oblique angle, SH wave, etc.), ultrasonic thickness measurement, magnetic particle testing, penetrant testing, crack depth gauge A crack depth inspection, an AE inspection, and a coating film performance inspection using a coating film deterioration sensor are carried out.

Physical properties and defects related to concrete are tested or inspected by various test methods. It is necessary to clarify the characteristics and roles of elastic wave propagation characteristics (propagation velocity, amplitude and frequency spectrum) as evaluation indexes in physical property and defect evaluation of concrete. Regarding the physical properties of this concrete, the setting and hardening properties of cement are evaluated.

There are various non-destructive testing methods for cement setting properties, bending, cracking, and depth. Furthermore, there are various non-destructive testing methods for checking the filling degree of grout, cracking inside concrete due to fatigue, and conditions at the interface of reinforced concrete due to corrosion of reinforcing bars. For example, non-destructive tests using elastic waves include the impact elastic wave method and the ultrasonic method. In addition, there is a hammering method in which elastic waves are generated in concrete by hammering and the waves radiated from the concrete surface into the air are measured. This hammering method is used to detect cracks and spalling in concrete, and internal void areas. Furthermore, there is an acoustic emission (AE Acoustic Emission) method in which elastic waves generated and propagated by cracks in concrete are detected and detected by installing an AE transducer (sensor) on the concrete surface. This AE method is used to detect the location of crack initiation and propagation in concrete.

The impact acoustic wave method uses a hammer, steel ball, etc. as an input device. This input device is mainly driven by human work. An acceleration sensor, an AE sensor, or the like is used as the receiving device. The acoustic waves of this test method have the properties of long wavelength and high energy. Although it is difficult to input reproducible elastic waves in this test method, there are many results in actual structures.

On the other hand, the ultrasonic method uses a probe, an AE sensor, etc. as an input device. This input device is driven by voltage control. A probe, an AE sensor, or the like is used as the receiving device. The elastic wave of this test method has the properties of short wavelength and low energy. This test method can input reproducible elastic waves, but there are few actual results in actual structures.

As a technique related to non-destructive testing of physical properties and defects of concrete by the impact elastic wave method, for example, as in Patent Document 1, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-131290 "Concrete Non-Destructive Inspection Apparatus", it is generated from concrete to which an external force is applied. signal detection means for detecting the vibration as a vibration signal; conversion means for converting the vibration signal into a time-series signal for each of a plurality of predetermined frequency bands; and extracting the maximum value of the time-series signal for each frequency band. A concrete non-destructive inspection apparatus has been proposed that includes an extraction means and a comparison means for comparing each of the maximum values with a preset vibration reference value for each frequency band.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-131290

As described above, the impact acoustic wave method is easy to measure, and since the input elastic wave has a long wavelength and high energy, it is difficult to attenuate, and is often used for measurement of actual concrete structures. However, since a hammer or a steel ball is used to input elastic waves, it is difficult for the hitting force to be uniform depending on the person hitting the ball, and measurement errors are likely to occur.

As shown in FIG. 8, the non-destructive testing device 51 uses a mechanical impact hammer in the impact elastic wave method, enabling wide-range inspection. The non-destructive test device 51 is supported by a support device 52 and moved while testing on the vertical wall surface of the tunnel C and further on the ceiling surface. At this time, the supporting device 52 may be an elevating device, an arm, or the like provided on the carriage.

However, inside the tunnel, there are more curved surfaces than flat surfaces, and there are also uneven surfaces. At a location with such a curved surface or an uneven surface, there are cases where the impact hammer as an input device or the non-destructive testing device 51 that mechanically actuates a steel ball cannot measure accurately. For example, on the curved surface of the concrete structure C, if the distance from the input device is different, the pressing force of the non-destructive testing device 51 will be different, making it impossible to uniformly input elastic waves. Similarly, there is a problem that elastic waves propagating through the concrete structure C cannot be accurately received, and measurement errors tend to occur.

In addition, in the impact elastic wave method, the surface of the concrete structure is plastically deformed by impact, and in some cases, a part of the surface is destroyed. Therefore, there is a problem that the input waveform due to the impact and the index of the elastic wave obtained are likely to vary.

The present invention has been created to solve such problems. That is, the object of the present invention is to measure the pressing force of a test device that inputs and receives elastic waves, so that when inputting elastic waves into a structure such as concrete, an elastic wave can be generated with an appropriate pressing force from the input device. A non-destructive testing apparatus and method for non-destructive testing of structures capable of performing highly accurate non-destructive testing by inputting waves and receiving elastic waves from a receiving device on the surface of the structure with an appropriate pressing force. to provide.

A first nondestructive testing apparatus of the present invention is a nondestructive testing apparatus (1, 41) for a structure for nondestructive testing of a structure (C) using elastic waves,
an input device (2) for inputting elastic waves into the structure (C);
a receiving device (4) for receiving elastic waves propagated through the structure (C);
A pressing force sensor (5) for measuring whether the input device (2) and the receiving device (4) reach a predetermined pressing force on the surface of the structure (C);
A pressing force control mechanism (6) that adjusts the pressing force of the input device (2) and the receiving device (4) according to the measurement result of the pressing force sensor (5),
A state in which the input device (2) is applied to the surface of the structure (C), and the input device (2) and the receiving device (4) are maintained at a predetermined pressing force by the pressing force control mechanism (6). Then, by inputting an elastic wave from the input device (2) into the structure (C) and receiving the elastic wave propagated in the structure (C) by the receiving device (4), this reception Analyze the reflected echo, wave frequency, phase, etc. of the elastic wave, and measure the defect inside the structure (C), the presence or absence of the back cavity, and the distance to the position of the defect ,
The pressing force sensors (5) are provided at a plurality of locations around the input device (2) so that their tip portions can contact the structure (C), and the surface of the structure (C) has irregularities. or when the surface of the structure (C) is inclined, a measurement value corresponding to the case can be collected,
The pressing force is adjusted by the pressing force control mechanism (6) using measured values collected by the pressing force sensors (5) provided at a plurality of locations .
Said input device (2) and receiving device (4) may be integrated.

The second nondestructive testing method of the present invention is a nondestructive testing method for structures in which the structure (C) is nondestructively tested using elastic waves,
An input device (2) for inputting elastic waves is brought into contact with the surface of the structure (C),
Measuring whether the input device (2) is in contact with the structure (C) with a predetermined pressing force,
When the pressing force of the input device (2) on the structure (C) is a predetermined value, an elastic wave is generated and input into the structure (C) from the input device (2);
A receiving device (4) applied to the surface of the structure (C) receives the elastic waves propagated in the structure (C),
For the received elastic waves, analyze the reflected echo, wave frequency, phase, etc., and measure the presence or absence of defects inside the structure (C), the back cavity, and the distance to the position of the defect .
A pressure sensor (5) for measuring whether the input device (2) is in contact with the surface of the structure (C) with the predetermined pressure is used for measurement,
The pressing force sensors (5) are provided at a plurality of locations around the input device (2) so that their tip portions can contact the structure (C), and the surface of the structure (C) has irregularities. or when the surface of the structure (C) is inclined, a measurement value corresponding to the case can be collected,
The pressing force is adjusted by a pressing force control mechanism (6) using measured values collected by the pressing force sensors (5) provided at a plurality of locations .

A non-destructive test method of the third aspect of the present invention is a non-destructive test method for a structure in which the structure (C) is non-destructively tested using elastic waves,
A non-destructive test device (1) that operates the input device (2) when inputting an elastic wave from the input device (2) to the surface of the structure (C) is provided on the surface of the structure (C) inputting an elastic wave with the input device (2) when a predetermined pressing force is reached in
receiving the elastic wave propagating to the structure (C) with the receiving device (4) and recording the collected elastic wave data;
When there is an abnormality in the elastic wave, mark the corresponding location (deformed portion) with a marking device (28),
Furthermore, the corresponding location (deformed portion) where there is an abnormality in the elastic wave is photographed by the camera (26),
By analyzing the data and marking locations, defective locations (deformed portions) such as cracks, cavities, and deterioration occurring in the structure (C) are determined as locations to be repaired ,
A pressure sensor (5) for measuring whether the input device (2) is in contact with the surface of the structure (C) with the predetermined pressure is used for measurement,
The pressing force sensors (5) are provided at a plurality of locations around the input device (2) so that their tip portions can contact the structure (C), and the surface of the structure (C) has irregularities. or when the surface of the structure (C) is inclined, a measurement value corresponding to the case can be collected,
The pressing force is adjusted by a pressing force control mechanism (6) using measured values collected by the pressing force sensors (5) provided at a plurality of locations .
The depth and range of the deformed portion subjected to the non-destructive test using the elastic wave can be recorded as data in the deformed portion information database (34) of the database (32).

In the configuration of the nondestructive testing apparatus of the first invention and the nondestructive testing method of the second invention, elastic waves are input into the structure (C) on the surface of the structure (C) of the inspection object. At this time, the input device (2) (impact hammer (3)) can input the elastic wave with an appropriate pressing force by the pressing force control mechanism (6).
On the surface of the structure (C), the elastic wave input by the input device (2) is always kept constant, enabling highly accurate non-destructive testing.

In the configuration of the non-destructive testing device and the non-destructive testing method based on the shock acoustic wave method, the shock wave energy is less attenuated, so the elastic wave can be propagated over a long distance. Since this elastic wave has a lower frequency than ultrasonic waves, it is possible to explore a thick structure (C) and to test and inspect a large-scale structure (C) such as concrete.

Also, the configuration of the nondestructive testing device and the nondestructive testing method using the ultrasonic method is suitable for measuring cracks inside the structure (C). This measuring method does not restrict the shape and dimensions of the structure (C) such as concrete.

In the configuration of the third non-destructive testing method of the present invention, past non-destructive testing data is accumulated and analyzed to enable highly accurate non-destructive testing.
In addition, by analyzing past non-destructive test data using elastic waves based on detailed data such as the depth and range of deformed parts, the reliability of subsequent inspections and repair measures can be improved. high.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a non-destructive testing device for a structure of Example 1. FIG. It is an enlarged front view showing an impact hammer. It is a block diagram which shows the control apparatus which controls a nondestructive testing apparatus. 1 is a flowchart showing a test method by an elastic shock wave method using the nondestructive testing apparatus of Example 1. FIG. FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a non-destructive testing device for the structure of Example 2; FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a control device that controls the nondestructive testing device of Example 2; FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a test method and a data collection method by an elastic shock wave method using the non-destructive testing apparatus of Example 2; It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which inspects a tunnel with the conventional nondestructive testing apparatus.

A non-destructive testing apparatus for structures according to the present invention comprises an input device for inputting elastic waves into an inspection object of a structure such as concrete, a receiving device for receiving elastic waves propagated through the structure, and an input device for receiving the elastic waves. A pressing force sensor that measures whether the device and the receiving device have reached a predetermined pressing force, and a pressing force control mechanism that adjusts the pressing force of the input device and the receiving device according to the measurement result of the pressing force sensor. , is a device for non-destructive testing using elastic waves.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
<Configuration of non-destructive testing equipment>
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a non-destructive testing apparatus for a structure of Example 1. FIG. FIG. 2 is an enlarged front view showing an impact hammer.
The nondestructive testing apparatus 1 of Example 1 is a testing apparatus based on the impact elastic wave method, and uses an impact hammer 3 as an input device 2 and an acceleration sensor as a receiving device 4 . The receiving device 4 receives the elastic waves propagated in the structure C such as concrete of the inspection object by the impact of the impact hammer 3 . The received elastic wave is analyzed for reflected echo, wave frequency, phase, etc., and the presence or absence of a defect CR inside the structure C, the back cavity S, and the distance to the defect position are measured. In addition, although the concrete structure C is described in these examples, the inspection object of the present invention is not limited to this concrete structure C, of course. Metal structures such as steel bridges are also subject to inspection.

This non-destructive testing apparatus 1 includes a pressing force sensor for measuring whether the input device 2 (impact hammer 3) and receiving device 4 (acceleration sensor) reach a predetermined pressing force on the surface of the structure C. 5 and a pressing force control mechanism 6 that adjusts the pressing force of the input device 2 (impact hammer 3 ) and the receiving device 4 according to the measurement result of this pressing force sensor 5 . The pressing force control mechanism 6 is configured to control air pressure, such as an air cylinder. A device in which the striking hammer 3 and the receiving device 4 (acceleration sensor) are integrated may be used. By integrating the impact hammer 3 and the receiving device 4 (acceleration sensor) in this way, the nondestructive testing device 1 can be made compact. That is, it becomes possible to mount many test devices (the impact hammer 3 and the receiving device 4) on one nondestructive test device 1. FIG. A wide range of inspection points can be quickly tested.

When the non-destructive testing device is a testing device based on the ultrasonic method, a probe, an AE sensor, etc. are used as input devices, although not shown. This input device is driven by voltage control. A probe, an AE sensor, or the like is used as the receiving device.

The impact hammer 3 functioning as the input device 2 is, as shown in FIG. The impact hammer 3 accommodates a hammer head 8 that is slidable within the cylindrical body 7 and an elastic member (not shown) such as a coil spring attached to pull back or press the hammer head 8. A cylinder 7 is provided with a solenoid (not shown). This solenoid is actuated to reciprocate the hammer head 8 .

A roller 9 is attached to a hammer head 8 in the illustrated impact hammer 3 . The nondestructive testing apparatus 1 of the present invention can be used for concrete structures C such as tunnels, railroads, and automobile roads. Since the object to be tested covers a wide range, it is often the case that impact is performed while the impact hammer 3 is being moved. is installed. Of course, a hammerhead 8 without rollers 9 can also be impact tested.

<Configuration of pressure sensor and pressure control mechanism>
A non-destructive testing apparatus 1 of the present invention is provided with a pressing force sensor 5 and a pressing force control mechanism 6 . This pressing force sensor 5 is a device for measuring whether or not the striking hammer 3 (hammer head 8) of the input device 2 reaches a predetermined pressing force on the surface of the structure C. As shown in FIG. A hammer head 8 of the striking hammer 3 strikes, and an elastic wave is input into the structure C by the vibration. When inputting this elastic wave, it is desirable that the surface of the structure C and the striking surface of the hammer head 8 are kept at a constant distance. If the distance between the structure C and the striking surface of the hammer head 8 is too close or too far, a constant impact cannot be applied. In such a state, elastic waves cannot be input to the structure C under the same conditions.

The nondestructive testing apparatus 1 of the present invention includes a pressing force control mechanism 6 so that the impact hammer 3 contacts the surface of the structure C with a predetermined pressing force. The pressing force control mechanism 6 is a mechanism for controlling the pressing force measured by the pressing force sensor 5 to a predetermined value. This pressing force control mechanism 6 is attached between the impact hammer 3 and the housing of the non-destructive testing apparatus 1, and the impact hammer 3 is controlled mechanically or electromagnetically using a gear or the like according to a measurement signal acquired by the pressing force sensor 5. is a mechanism for adjusting the position of (see FIG. 1).
The pressing force sensor 5 is not limited to one location, and a plurality of locations can be provided adjacent to the input device 2 . This is for more precise measurement of the pressing force. By providing a plurality of pressure sensors 5, accurate measurement can be expected even when the surface of the concrete structure C is uneven or inclined. For example, it is possible to use the average value of the measured values collected by the pressing force sensors 5 at several locations.

With this pressing force control mechanism 6, the impact hammer 3 is in contact with the surface of the structure C with a predetermined pressing force. do. As a result, this elastic wave propagates to the structure C and is received by the receiving device 4 such as an acceleration sensor.

<System configuration>
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a control device that controls the nondestructive testing equipment.
On the input side of the control device 21 that implements the non-destructive testing method of Example 1, there are the pressing force sensor 5, the amplification processing unit 22 (AMP), the pressing force setting input unit 23 of the pressing force sensor 5, and the control signal input unit 24. is connected. The amplification processor 22 (AMP) amplifies the detection signal measured by the pressure sensor 5 . The amplification processing unit 22 (AMP) amplifies the detection signal of the elastic wave received by the receiving device 4 (acceleration sensor).

An output side of the control device 21 is connected to an impact hammer operation signal output section 25 for operating the impact hammer 3 as the input device 2 and a display processing section 30 . An LED or the like is connected to the display processing unit 30 . It informs the current operating state. The signal processing unit 31 processes the detection signal of the pressing force sensor 5 on the input side with the amplification processing unit 22 (AMP) that performs amplification processing, and causes each operation on the output side to be performed. The signal processing unit 31 processes the detection signal of the receiving device 4 (acceleration sensor) with an amplification processing unit 22 (AMP) that performs amplification processing, and causes each operation on the output side to be performed.

<Description of the test method as an impact acoustic wave method for non-destructive testing equipment>
FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing a test method by an elastic shock wave method using the non-destructive testing apparatus of Example 1. FIG.
First, the non-destructive testing device 1 is installed on the surface of the structure C which is the object to be inspected. In the case of a tunnel, the non-destructive testing apparatus 1 is supported by a support device and moved while performing tests on the vertical walls and ceiling of the tunnel (see FIG. 8). At this time, the support device includes an elevating device, an arm, and the like provided on the carriage. Furthermore, it may be of a type in which a sucker-like device is used to freely run on the inner wall surface of the tunnel.

A non-destructive testing device 1 is installed on the surface of the structure C. The hammer head 8 of the impact hammer 3, which is the input device 2 for inputting elastic waves, is brought into contact with the surface of the structure C. As shown in FIG. At the same time, the pressure sensor 5 is also brought into contact with the surface of the structure C. This pressing force sensor 5 measures whether or not the input device 2 (hammer head 8) is in contact with the structure C with a predetermined pressing force. These measurements are performed by the controller 21 .

When the pressing force sensor 5 detects that the hammer head 8 is in contact with the surface of the structure C with a predetermined pressing force, the impact hammer 3 is activated. On the other hand, when the pressing force sensor 5 detects that the pressing force of the hammer head 8 on the surface of the structure C is lower than a predetermined value, for example, when the location to be tested is a recessed location, the impact hammer Do not activate 3. Conversely, when the pressing force is higher than the predetermined value, and when the portion to be tested is bulging, the impact hammer 3 is not actuated.

In such a case, the pressing force control mechanism 6 adjusts the distance between the hammer head 8 and the surface of the structure C, that is, the distance between the impact hammers 3 . Furthermore, when the pressing force sensor 5 determines that the pressing force of the hammer head 8 on the surface of the structure C is a predetermined value, the impact hammer 3 is operated.
In the non-destructive testing apparatus 1 of the present invention, only when the pressing force of the input device 2 (impact hammer 3) to the structure C is a predetermined value, the structure C is impacted to generate and input elastic waves. .

The elastic wave input to the structure C in this way propagates within the structure C. As shown in FIG. This propagated elastic wave is received by the receiving device 4 (acceleration sensor). Analyze the reflected echo, wave frequency, phase, etc. of the received elastic waves. As a result of the analysis, the defect inside the structure C, the presence or absence of the back cavity, and the distance to the position of the defect are measured.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a non-destructive testing apparatus for the structure of Example 2. FIG. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a control device for controlling the non-destructive testing device of Example 2. FIG.
The non-destructive testing device 41 of Example 2 further includes a camera 26 and a marking device 28 . In addition, the control device 21 is provided with a database 32, and the rest of the configuration is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment.
A non-destructive testing device 41 of Example 2 is a testing device based on the impact elastic wave method, and uses an impact hammer 3 as an input device 2 and an acceleration sensor as a receiving device 4 . The receiving device 4 receives the elastic wave propagated within the structure C of the inspection object by the impact of the impact hammer 3 . Further, the non-destructive testing device 41 includes a pressing force sensor for measuring whether or not the input device 2 (impact hammer 3) and the receiving device 4 (acceleration sensor) reach a predetermined pressing force on the surface of the structure C. 5 and a pressing force control mechanism 6 that adjusts the pressing force of the input device 2 (impact hammer 3 ) and the receiving device 4 according to the measurement result of this pressing force sensor 5 .

<System configuration of test method as impact elastic wave method for non-destructive test equipment>
On the input side of the control device 21 that controls the non-destructive testing apparatus 41 of the second embodiment, there are the pressing force sensor 5, the amplification processing unit 22 (AMP), the pressing force setting input unit 23 of the pressing force sensor 5, and the control signal input unit. 24 are connected. The amplification processor 22 (AMP) amplifies the detection signal measured by the pressure sensor (5). The amplification processing unit 22 (AMP) amplifies the detection signal of the elastic wave received by the receiving device (acceleration sensor) 4 .

An output side of the control device 21 is connected to an impact hammer operation signal output section 25 for operating the impact hammer 3 as the input device 2 and a display processing section 30 . Furthermore, in the second embodiment, a camera photographing operation signal output unit 27 for photographing with a camera 26 and a marking operation signal output unit 29 for operating a marking device 28 are connected. An LED or the like is connected to the display processing unit 30 . It informs the current operating state. The signal processing unit 31 processes the amplification processing unit 22 (AMP) that amplifies the detection signal of the pressing force sensor 5 on the input side, and causes each operation on the output side to be performed. The signal processing unit 31 processes the amplification processing unit 22 (AMP) that amplifies the detection signal of the receiving device 4 (acceleration sensor) to perform each operation on the output side.

In the non-destructive testing apparatus 41 of the second embodiment, data is collected in the database 32 at the same time as the testing by the elastic shock wave method. This database 32 stores an elastic wave information database 33 and a deformed portion information database 34 . By analyzing these data, defects inside the concrete structure C, the presence or absence of a back cavity, and the distance to the position of the defect are measured.

Furthermore, together with these data, the surface of the structure C is photographed by the camera 26 and the camera photographing operation signal output unit 27, and the photographed image is analyzed. It is possible to inspect the actual surface of the structure C together with the situation inside it. In the case of the concrete structure C, even an invisible microcrack becomes a migration path for ions and water, which may reduce the durability. Such image analysis methods include image correlation methods such as the direct cross-correlation method and the FFT (Fast Fourier Transform, “Fast Fourier Transform”) cross-correlation method. Furthermore, there are particle tracking methods such as the binary correlation method and the Kalman filter method. In particular, by measuring and visualizing crack propagation behavior occurring in the concrete structure C, it is possible to further improve the test accuracy.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a test method and a data collection method by an elastic shock wave method using the non-destructive test apparatus of Example 2. FIG.
The nondestructive testing method by the nondestructive testing apparatus 41 of Example 2 collects data simultaneously with the test by the impact elastic wave method. First, an elastic wave is input to the surface of the structure C such as concrete by the input device 2 (impact hammer 3). At this time, the non-destructive testing device 41 that activates the impact hammer 3 activates the impact hammer 3 to input elastic waves when a predetermined pressing force on the surface of the structure C is reached. A receiving device 4 such as an acceleration sensor receives the elastic waves that have propagated to the structure C. As shown in FIG.

Also in the non-destructive testing apparatus 41 of the second embodiment, the hammer head 8 of the impact hammer 3, which is the input device 2 for inputting elastic waves, is brought into contact with the surface of the structure C, and the pressing force sensor 5 is also applied to the surface of the structure C. abut on. When the pressing force sensor 5 judges that the pressing force does not reach the predetermined pressing force, it is presumed that the inspected portion has a crack and is a seriously deformed portion. Conversely, when it is higher than the predetermined value, it is presumed that the inspection location is a bulging deformed location. In the non-destructive testing device 41 of Example 2, the camera 26 can also take a picture if necessary. After that, the photographed images are used as materials for examining repairs and other countermeasures through image analysis.

The non-destructive testing device 41 of Example 2 records collected elastic wave data. When there is an abnormality in the collected elastic waves, the relevant portion (deformed portion) is marked by the marking device 28 . The depth and range of the deformed portion subjected to non-destructive testing using elastic waves are recorded as data. Alternatively, the depth and range of the deformed portion subjected to non-destructive testing using elastic waves are recorded in the database 32 (elastic wave information database 33 and deformed portion information database 34) for data and marking locations.
By analyzing this data and the marked locations, defective locations (deformed portions) such as cracks, cavities, and deterioration occurring in the concrete structure C are determined as locations to be repaired.

Moreover, the configuration of the nondestructive testing device and the nondestructive testing method using the ultrasonic method is suitable for measuring cracks inside the concrete structure C. This test method does not limit the shape and dimensions of the concrete structure C to be measured.

In this way, by creating a database of measurement results obtained by non-destructive testing, comparative analysis work for each structure C to be tested is facilitated. For example, it becomes easier to compare test results that differ from tunnel to tunnel. It also facilitates analysis work such as year-on-year comparison. Furthermore, the test result data of the nondestructive testing apparatus 1 for each tunnel can be output as general-purpose format data, facilitating statistical analysis of negative data. The aggregated and analyzed test results can be easily used in non-destructive testing of the structure C to be tested.

In the present invention, by measuring the pressing force of the test devices 2 and 4 that input and receive the elastic wave, when inputting the elastic wave into the concrete structure C, the appropriate pressing force from the input device 2 can be applied. If a highly accurate non-destructive test can be performed by inputting an elastic wave and receiving the elastic wave from the receiving device 4 on the surface of the concrete structure C with an appropriate pressing force, the invention is limited to the embodiments described above. It goes without saying that various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is not limited to structures such as railway tunnels, expressways, and buildings, and can be used for non-destructive inspection of metal and synthetic resin structures other than concrete.

Reference Signs List 1, 41 non-destructive testing device 2 input device 3 impact hammer 4 receiving device 5 pressure sensor 6 pressure force control mechanism 26 camera 28 marking device 32 database 34 deformed portion information database C structure (concrete structure)

Claims (5)

A nondestructive testing device (1, 41) for a structure for nondestructive testing of a structure (C) using elastic waves,
an input device (2) for inputting elastic waves into the structure (C);
a receiving device (4) for receiving elastic waves propagated through the structure (C);
A pressing force sensor (5) for measuring whether the input device (2) and the receiving device (4) reach a predetermined pressing force on the surface of the structure (C);
A pressing force control mechanism (6) that adjusts the pressing force of the input device (2) and the receiving device (4) according to the measurement result of the pressing force sensor (5),
A state in which the input device (2) is applied to the surface of the structure (C), and the input device (2) and the receiving device (4) are maintained at a predetermined pressing force by the pressing force control mechanism (6). Then, by inputting an elastic wave from the input device (2) into the structure (C) and receiving the elastic wave propagated in the structure (C) by the receiving device (4), this reception Analyze the reflected echo, wave frequency, phase, etc. of the elastic wave, and measure the defect inside the structure (C), the presence or absence of the back cavity, and the distance to the position of the defect ,
The pressing force sensors (5) are provided at a plurality of locations around the input device (2) so that their tip portions can contact the structure (C), and the surface of the structure (C) has irregularities. or when the surface of the structure (C) is inclined, a measurement value corresponding to the case can be collected,
A non-destructive testing apparatus for structures, characterized in that the pressure force is adjusted by the pressure control mechanism (6) using the measured values obtained by the pressure sensors (5) provided at a plurality of locations. . 2. A non-destructive testing apparatus for structures according to claim 1, characterized in that said input device (2) and said receiving device (4) are integrated. A non-destructive test method for a structure for non-destructive testing using elastic waves for the structure (C),
An input device (2) for inputting elastic waves is brought into contact with the surface of the structure (C),
measuring whether the input device (2) is in contact with the structure (C) with a predetermined pressing force;
When the pressing force of the input device (2) on the structure (C) is a predetermined value, an elastic wave is generated and input from the input device (2) into the structure (C);
A receiving device (4) applied to the surface of the structure (C) receives the elastic waves propagated in the structure (C),
For the received elastic wave, analyze the reflected echo, wave frequency, phase, etc., and measure the presence or absence of a defect inside the structure (C), the back cavity, and the distance to the position of the defect.is a
A pressure sensor (5) for measuring whether the input device (2) is in contact with the surface of the structure (C) with the predetermined pressure is used for measurement,
The pressing force sensors (5) are provided at a plurality of locations around the input device (2) so that their tip portions can contact the structure (C), and the surface of the structure (C) has irregularities. or when the surface of the structure (C) is inclined, a measurement value corresponding to the case can be collected,
The pressure force is adjusted by the pressure force control mechanism (6) using the measured values collected by the pressure force sensors (5) provided at a plurality of locations., A non-destructive test method for structures characterized by: A non-destructive test method for a structure for non-destructive testing using elastic waves for the structure (C),
A non-destructive test device (1) that operates the input device (2) when inputting an elastic wave from the input device (2) to the surface of the structure (C) is provided on the surface of the structure (C) inputting an elastic wave with the input device (2) when a predetermined pressing force is reached in
receiving the elastic wave propagating to the structure (C) with the receiving device (4) and recording the collected elastic wave data;
When there is an abnormality in the elastic wave, mark the corresponding location (deformed portion) with a marking device (28),
Furthermore, the corresponding location (deformed portion) where there is an abnormality in the elastic wave is photographed by the camera (26),
By analyzing the data and marking locations, defective locations (deformed portions) such as cracks, cavities, and deterioration occurring in the structure (C) are determined as locations to be repaired ,
A pressure sensor (5) for measuring whether the input device (2) is in contact with the surface of the structure (C) with the predetermined pressure is used for measurement,
The pressure sensors (5) are provided at a plurality of locations around the input device (2) so that the tip portions thereof can contact the structure (C), and the surface of the structure (C) is uneven. or when the surface of the structure (C) is inclined, a measurement value corresponding to the case can be collected,
A non-destructive testing method for a structure, characterized in that the pressure force is adjusted by a pressure force control mechanism (6) using measured values obtained by the pressure force sensors (5) provided at a plurality of locations . 5. The structure of claim 4, wherein the depth and range of the deformed portion subjected to the non-destructive test using the elastic wave are recorded as data in the deformed portion information database (34) of the database (32). A non-destructive test method for objects.

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