JP7105507B2 - Abrasive tool and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to the field of abrasive tool technology, and more particularly to abrasive tools and methods of making the same.

Generally, metal bond diamond grinding wheels are made by a powder metallurgy sintering process.

In order to improve the sharpness of the diamond grinding wheel during operation, it is essential to improve the chip storage, chip discharge, and cooling capacity of the diamond grinding wheel during operation. The intermittent (impact) polishing function can be used to effectively improve the polishing efficiency. Normally, the diamond working layer has a tank structure that is advantageous for chip evacuation (chip storage) and water flow (water storage). Manufacture tooth type diamond grinding wheel with tank body.

Since the powder metallurgy process requires hot press sintering with a mold, high heat state strength of the mold is required. The tank body is generally made by presetting runner ends made of materials such as graphite, cast iron, and alloys in a mold, hot press sintering, and then removing (removing) the runner ends. .

In general, runner ends of metals and alloys are difficult to deform and difficult to break during die-cutting (removal). Graphite runner ends are fragile and need to have sufficient solid cross-sectional area in each direction of the runner ends, especially in the main pressure-bearing surface, to meet strength requirements. Therefore, the volume of the runner ends is inevitably large, which leads to a large spacing between the diamond teeth (that is, the width of the bath body is relatively large). The larger the width of the tank body, the better the cooling of the material to be processed. This may increase the surface roughness of the workpiece.

If the geometry of the grinding wheel is limited, the larger the volume occupied by the trough body, the greater the number and the smaller the volume of the diamond working layers. Therefore, the volume of runner offcuts is also limited by manufacturing process conditions such as strength. The number of tank bodies is limited.

The limited number of trough bodies also limits the diamond working teeth from being thinner due to the smaller space in the circumferential direction. In this way, the chip discharge path in the circumferential direction is long, the amount of accumulated chips is large, and the amount of heat generated during grinding wheel operation is large. In general, it is necessary to improve the chip storage space by increasing the grain size of diamond to alleviate the above problem, but an increase in grain size is disadvantageous in reducing the surface roughness of the workpiece.

The wider the tank body, the smaller the amount, and the smaller the outer surface area (including the abrasive surface and the non-abrasive surface) of the grinding wheel working layer body. That is, the smaller the area affected by the cooling water, the worse the cooling effect.

In general, metal binder diamond grinding wheels are made by powder metallurgy process, and the fluidity of metal powder (bonding agent) is poor in the high temperature and high pressure manufacturing process. As a result, the degree of adhesion of the diamond grinding wheel may become uneven, resulting in variations in performance. Therefore, some parts with complicated structures cannot be manufactured by the powder metallurgy process. Some teeth with special structures, such as thin, sharp, long, fine, mesh and other shapes, under hot and pressing conditions, the performance of the mold material cannot meet the process requirements, and the mold preset method or cannot be produced economically.

Diamond grinding wheel products made by conventional technical solutions have a small number of tank bodies installed by mold presetting, occupy a large volume of the tank bodies, and have simple diamond tooth shapes, large coarseness, and low action. very limited. It has been pointed out that the use of the post-processing method usually makes the processing more difficult and increases the cost.
With the development of technology, high-quality, high-speed and high-efficiency processing is already inevitable, and the products made by conventional technical solutions are difficult to apply.

The situations described in the Technical Background above exist not only for metal bond grinding wheels, but also for ceramic bond, resin bond, rubber bond, organic bond diamond or normal abrasive grinding wheels or There are similar problems with buffing wheels, either substrate-based or non-substrate-based. Ceramic bonded grinding wheels have excellent inherent heat resistance, but have limited cooling of the workpiece when performing high speed, high efficiency and relatively large abrasive contact area machining.

Resin bond and rubber bond grinding wheels (including buffing wheels) have poor heat resistance, and when performing high-speed, high-efficiency processing, it is necessary to increase the grinding capacity, so the ability to grip the abrasives better. is needed and at the same time better cooling is needed. Increasing elasticity and porosity is detrimental to life and stiffness, and mutual constraints between elements further limit their application to high-speed, high-efficiency processing.

In order to overcome the above deficiencies and inadequacies of the conventional technical solutions, the present invention has a reliable manufacturing process, simple structure, easy function realization, low manufacturing cost, efficient and energy-saving. An object of the present invention is to provide a safe abrasive tool and a manufacturing method thereof.

In order to achieve the above objects, the technical solution used by the present invention is as follows.

comprising a plurality of lamina teeth, wherein the plurality of lamina teeth are sequentially bonded to form a ring structure, two adjacent lamina teeth are fixedly connected, and a cistern is formed between the two adjacent lamina teeth. A polishing tool, characterized in that:

Further, it further includes an annular structure base and a pressing plate, wherein the annular structure composed of the plurality of lamina teeth is fixed to the base. The pressing plate has an annular structure and is connected to the base body by bolts to press the plurality of lamina teeth.

Further, the plurality of lamina teeth includes a plurality of lamina teeth A and a plurality of lamina teeth B, and the plurality of lamina teeth A are installed so as to intersect with the plurality of lamina teeth B, or a plurality of elastic lamina Tooth A and one elastic lamina tooth B are installed so as to intersect, or a plurality of elastic lamina teeth A constitute a group of elastic lamina teeth A, and a plurality of elastic lamina teeth B constitute a group of elastic lamina teeth B. It is installed so as to intersect between the elastic lamina tooth A group and the elastic lamina tooth B group,
When lamina tooth A and lamina tooth B are combined adjacently, the lower portion of lamina tooth A and the lower portion of lamina tooth B form an interlock structure.
Further, the elastic flaky tooth A consists of a first binder and an abrasive, and the elastic flaky tooth B consists of a second binder and an abrasive.

Further, the base body is provided with a limiting groove arranged along the inner edge of the base ring, the lower parts of the plurality of lamina teeth are all fitted into the limiting groove, and the upper parts of the plurality of lamina teeth are are also made with an abrasive layer.
Further, said abrasive layer is made of diamond.

Furthermore, the end surface of the presser plate near the lamina tooth has an inclined shape and is close to the end surface of the lamina tooth. is provided.

Furthermore, the plurality of tank bodies are arranged in a ring along the ring structure, and each of the tank bodies is arranged relatively displaced from the radial direction of the ring structure.

Furthermore, each lamina tooth is spaced from an end in the base ring, and one side of the end is provided with a first protruding block connected thereto.

Furthermore, a plurality of first ridges are connected to the side wall of each flaky tooth near another flaky tooth.
Furthermore, a plurality of second protruding blocks are connected to one side wall of each lamina tooth.

Further, the plurality of flaky teeth includes a plurality of flaky teeth C and a plurality of flaky teeth D, the plurality of flaky teeth C are continuously bonded to form the first abrasive, and the plurality of flaky teeth D are continuously bonded. and constitutes the second abrasive. A plurality of first abrasives and a plurality of second abrasives are cross-bonded to the base so as to form an annular structure. The width of the flaky tooth C near one end of the substrate is larger than the width of the other end, and the width of the flaky tooth D near the one end of the substrate is smaller than the width of the other end.

Further, the end surface of the annular structure is in close contact with the edge of the base, and the holding plate is annularly arranged on the upper end of the base.

A side wall near one end in the base ring of said lamina tooth is provided with a meshing position, and two adjacent lamina teeth mesh with each other via the meshing position. The lower end surface of the presser plate is inclined downward from the inside of the ring of the presser plate to the outside of the ring to limit the plurality of lamina teeth. An abrasive structure is provided at one end of each lamina tooth remote from within the base ring.

Further, the arc length at each axial point of the abrasive structure on the flaky tooth is in a forward relationship with the amount of machining at that point.

Furthermore, a plurality of grooves are provided along the radial direction of the annular structure at the upper end of each lamina tooth, and the plurality of grooves and the plurality of tank bodies form a mesh structure, forming a net-polished surface. ing.

Furthermore, two adjacent said lamina teeth are fixedly connected with glue and/or fasteners.
Furthermore, the binder of the flaky teeth is an organic binder, an inorganic binder or a composite binder.
Further, the abrasive tool is a lamina-tooth bonded diamond grinding wheel.

S1. manufacturing the flaky teeth based on the set configuration such that the ratio of the mean radial length to the mean circumferential width of the flaky teeth is greater than 2.5 times;
S2. the main pressing surface of the flaky teeth being the non-abrasive working surface and the main pressing surface being the surface with the largest area of the flaky teeth;

S3. joining a plurality of lamina teeth fixedly connected between the main pressing surfaces to form an annular structure;

Further, the method of manufacturing a polishing tool further includes a step S4 of fixing the plurality of flaky teeth to the base body by means of a pressing plate and bolts.

Beneficial Effects of the Invention:
1. Under conditions that do not affect the volume of the abrasive working layer body, the narrower the tank body, the greater the number of abrasives. , the area affected by the cooling water is larger and the cooling effect is better.

2. The greater the number of tank bodies, the narrower the circumferential width of the grinding tooth, the shorter the chip evacuation path, the smaller the amount of chip accumulation, the smaller the amount of binder that is ground against the abrasive, and the greater the grinding heat. is relatively low, which is advantageous for high-speed and high-efficiency processing, and is advantageous for extending the application to intolerant high-temperature formulations.

3. Large number of tank bodies, short chip discharge path, small chip accumulation, low chip grinding resistance, small chip storage space, low requirements for abrasive protrusion height These properties are also advantageous for obtaining high quality machining using relatively fine abrasives, and these properties also provide high efficiency machining using relatively high machining speeds or larger depths of cut. especially advantageous.

4. The structural processing of the flaky teeth can form a circumferential broach due to the rapid wear of the polishing surface in the use of the abrasive layer, and the broach forms a new tank body on the polishing surface, A mesh tank body is formed on the bonded tank body and polishing surface to further form a mesh surface polishing surface, shorten the chip radial direction discharge path, improve the pressure on the polishing surface during polishing, and improve the sharpness of the grinding wheel. And make it easier to further improve the service life.
5. It is advantageous for dry polishing processing.

6. With respect to the characteristics of the manufacturing process, it is easy to achieve a similar and ordered arrangement structure of the abrasive layer, which improves the sharpness and service life of the grinding wheel, and is more suitable for rough grinding.
7. It exhibits bicyclic or polycyclic structural functions, and exerts and exceeds the beneficial effects of conventional technical solutions.
8. It can be easily realized by disassembling the thin piece tooth profile grinding wheel, which is difficult to process as a whole, into thin piece single teeth and joining and consolidating them.

9. By providing a plurality of dense protrusions on the pressing surface, two adjacent flaky teeth are supported by each other, making it easy to thin the flaky teeth in the circumferential direction. It enhances the intensity of vibration and ensures that the entire working surface of the grinding wheel has the necessary rigidity.
10. A structural anti-splash structure is formed by providing a plurality of projections on the pressing surface and interlocking them with corresponding restricting grooves.

11. The thin tooth has a short arc length in the circumferential direction, and the thin tooth is suitable for meshing with structures with the same ring width and ring height of various diameters. This greatly reduces the difficulty of inputting raw materials and the difficulty of mold processing, which is advantageous for the implementation of automated mass production.

12. Facilitates the realization of cooling mode through dense internal cold water supply in the polishing area.
13, facilitate the realization of the cooling water retention between the working layer teeth and teeth, and improve the cooling effect.

14. The cooling water between the lamina teeth is integrally penetrated and further connected to the cooling water source, and has the capacity, cooling and chip storage effect that grinding wheel gaps or artificial holes are difficult to achieve.
15. Using the above principle, it can also be applied to non-circular abrasive tools such as abrasive discs and abrasive blocks.

16. By using the above principle, it can also be applied to abrasive tools such as grinding wheels, abrasive discs, and abrasive blocks with other inorganic and organic binders. Inorganic binders such as metal binders, ceramic binders, and magma binders, and organic binders such as resin binders and rubber binders.

17. Using the above principle, it can provide better chip storage and cooling function, and the function required by the original abrasive tool body has been transferred to the structural function, so for the organic binder elastic abrasive tool, Under the conditions of self-sharpness, the porosity and elasticity of the abrasive tool can be moderately reduced, and the ability to grip the abrasive material can be enhanced, which is advantageous for improving the service life of the abrasive tool. Further expand application to high-efficiency machining.

18.Using the above principle, compared with the same period of product processing, the load is reduced, which is effective in reducing power consumption, energy saving and environmental protection, and cost reduction.

1 is a front view showing a polishing tool according to Example 1 of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a polishing tool according to Example 1 of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 4 is a top view showing the lower arrangement of a plurality of flaky teeth in Example 1 of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a top view showing the flaky tooth A in Example 1 of the present invention. 4 is a top view showing a flaky tooth B in Example 1 of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a portion of the flaky tooth in Example 1 of the present invention. 1 is a front view showing a flaky tooth in Example 1 of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 2 is a front view showing a polishing tool according to Example 2 of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing part of a flaky tooth in Example 2 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an improved abrasive tool according to Example 2 of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a front view showing a polishing tool according to Example 3 of the present invention; FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing part of a flaky tooth in Example 3 of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a front view showing a flaky tooth in Example 3 of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an improved abrasive tool according to Example 3 of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a front view showing a polishing tool according to Example 4 of the present invention; FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing part of a flaky tooth in Example 4 of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a front view showing a flaky tooth in Example 4 of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a front view showing a polishing tool according to Example 5 of the present invention; FIG. 10 is a front view showing part of the first abrasive and the second abrasive in Example 5 of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a top view showing part of the first abrasive and the second abrasive in Example 5 of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing the structure of a polishing tool according to Example 6 of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a polishing tool according to Example 6 of the present invention; FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing part of a flaky tooth in Example 6 of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a front view showing a flaky tooth in Example 6 of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing the structure of a polishing tool according to Example 7 of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a polishing tool according to Example 7 of the present invention; FIG. 11 is a front view showing a flaky tooth in Example 7 of the present invention; FIG. 10 is a front view showing a polishing tool according to Example 8 of the present invention; FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a polishing tool according to Example 8 of the present invention; FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a cyclic structure in Example 8 of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a top view showing a ring structure in Example 8 of the present invention; FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing another example of a cyclic structure in Example 8 of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing the structure of a flaky tooth in Example 8 of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a front view showing a polishing tool according to Example 9 of the present invention; FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a polishing tool according to Example 9 of the present invention; FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing the structure of a polishing tool in Example 9 of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a front view showing a polishing tool according to Example 10 of the present invention; FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing the structure of a polishing tool in Example 10 of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a cyclic structure in Example 10 of the present invention.

Specific embodiments of the invention will now be described in greater detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Abrasive tools are tools for polishing, grinding and buffing, and include diamond grinding wheels, normal abrasive grinding wheels, and buffing wheels. Abrasive tools can be in a variety of forms, such as abrasive globs, abrasive discs, etc.
The technical solution of the diamond grinding wheel with lamina tooth bonding can also be applied to the diamond grinding wheel, the ordinary abrasive grinding wheel and the buffing wheel.
Example 1:

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, the polishing tool includes a substrate 1 presenting an annular structure, a plurality of flaky teeth 2, and a pressing plate 3, wherein the substrate 1 includes a ring inner edge of the substrate 1. , the plurality of lamina teeth 2 form an annular structure joined to the base 1 along the radial direction of the base 1, and the lower portions of the plurality of lamina teeth 2 are Both are fitted in the limiting groove 5,

A tank body 4 is formed between the upper portions of two adjacent lamina teeth 2, the holding plate 3 has a ring structure, and the holding plate 3 is connected to the base 1 by bolts to form a plurality of pressing the flaky tooth 2;
The upper portions of the plurality of flaky teeth 2 are made of an abrasive layer, and the abrasive layer is made of diamond.
A plurality of single lamina teeth 2 are cemented to the abrasive material. The abrasive has an annular structure.
The tank body 4 is a functional tank such as a water tank for circulating cooling water, a chip storage tank, a chip discharge tank, an air current tank, or the like.
Here, the tank body 4 is of a radial type, an axial type, an inclined type, a circumferential type, a lattice type, or a composite type.

Each surface of the flaky tooth 2 may be a flat surface or a curved surface, a composite surface in which both convex or concave patterns are combined, or a surface with perforations. may

In each embodiment, the convex or concave pattern provided on the surface of the flaky tooth 2 may be a point type, a lump type, a line type, a line type or a mesh type. , a row type, and a mesh type may be used. The tank body 4 of each embodiment is composed of a flat pattern, a concave pattern, a convex pattern, or a concave-convex complex pattern on two adjacent thin toothed pieces 2 .

The size of the grinding wheel in this example: diameter: 152 mm, inner diameter: 118 mm, ring width: 17 mm, height: 20 mm. Height of flaky tooth 2: 14mm. Here, the height of the upper portion of the flaky tooth 2 is 8 mm, and the height of the lower portion of the flaky tooth 2 is 6 mm.

The plurality of lamina teeth 2 are specifically 180 teeth, and the width of the tank body 4 is 0.5 mm. Average face width of flaky tooth 2: ((152π-180*0.5)/180+(118π-180*0.5)/180)/2=1.856mm.
The end face area of the grinding wheel: 7210 mm ² , the area of the tank body 4: 1530 mm ² , and the ratio of the end face of the tank body 4 to the end face: 21.2%.

The flaky tooth 2 is made by powder metallurgy process, the raw material input direction surface and the main pressing surface are the same maximum area surface, and the average thickness of the flaky tooth 2 is only 1.856mm, so it is easy to On the contrary, the conventional manufacturing technology for the entire mold preset requires bidirectional pressing, which greatly reduces the height of the mold and facilitates the input of raw materials.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 7, it is easy to assemble and consolidate based on the shape of the lamina tooth 2, and by joining the lamina tooth 2, it is consolidated to the base 1 so as to form an annular structure. there is
After joining between a plurality of said lamina teeth 2, a cistern body 4 is formed between the tops of two adjacent lamina teeth 2, wherein the width of the cistern body 4 is 0.5mm.

The plurality of lamina teeth 2 includes a plurality of lamina teeth A and a plurality of lamina teeth B, and the plurality of lamina teeth A are arranged to intersect with the plurality of lamina teeth B, or a plurality of elastic lamina teeth. A and one elastic lamina tooth B are installed so as to intersect, or a plurality of elastic lamina teeth A constitute a group of elastic lamina teeth A, and a plurality of elastic lamina teeth B constitute a group of elastic lamina teeth B. However, it is installed so as to intersect between the elastic lamina tooth group A and the elastic lamina tooth group B,
When lamina tooth A and lamina tooth B are combined adjacently, the lower portion of lamina tooth A and the lower portion of lamina tooth B form an interlock structure.

The elastic flake tooth A consists of a first binder and an abrasive, and the elastic flake tooth B consists of a second binder and an abrasive. The elastic flaky tooth A, which consists of the first binder and abrasive, has high hardness and a long service life. Well, it can meet the cooling requirements during high pressure machining, and the buffing equipment provides a long useful life.

The end surface of the pressing plate 3 near the lamina tooth 2 is inclined and is aligned with the end surface of the lamina tooth 2, and the annular end surface of the pressing plate 3 near the lamina tooth 2 has a A joining filling body 6 is provided. The filling body 6 has plastic deformation ability, and the filling body 6 is made of a material such as an aluminum alloy or a copper alloy.
The pressing plate 3 is fixed to the base 1 by bolts or an adhesive, and a grinding wheel is used to form a finished product through processing such as cutting edge shaping.

Comparison with traditional technical solutions:
Conventional technical solution 1, which is a relatively good level of the conventional mold presetting overall manufacturing technology, the average width of the tank body 4 can be controlled to about 1.5 mm under economic conditions, and the number of teeth is 64 , the average face width is (152π-64*1.5)/64+(118π-64*1.5)/64)/2=5.127mm, the area of the grinding wheel end surface is ^7210mm2 , The area of the tank body 4 is 1632 mm ² , and the ratio of the end faces of the tank body 4 reaches 22.6%.

Conventional technical solution 2, when the number of teeth is increased to 120, the average tooth width is ((152π-120*1.5)/120+(118π-120*1.5)/120)/2=2.034mm The area of the end surface of the grinding wheel is 7210 mm ² , the area of the tank body 4 is 1632 mm ² , and the area of the end surface of the tank body 4 reaches 42.4%. Obviously, in the conventional technical solution 2, the difficulty of manufacturing the width of the trough body 4 is limited, so if only the number of teeth is increased, the occupancy ratio of the trough body 4 is increased, and the real space of the abrasive layer is occupied. and may directly affect tool life.

Contrast description:
The ratio of the face width of the conventional technical solution 1 and the face width of this embodiment is 5.127/1.856=2.76 times, that is, the chip discharge path of the conventional technical solution 1 is is equal to 2.76 times the chip evacuation path of The ratio between the number of teeth of this embodiment and the number of teeth of the conventional technical solution 1 is 180/64=2.81 times. It is equal to 2.81 times the cooling surface area in the periodontal direction of Solution 1.

Since the manufacturing process of this embodiment is simplified, chip evacuation is fast, cooling is good, manufacturing is easy, and performance is greatly improved. As shown in FIG. 8, since the flaky tooth 2 surface obtained by the manufacturing method of the present invention is not provided with a local support structure, the grinding amount is small and the strength requirement for the flaky tooth 2 is not so high. Suitable for
Example 2:

As shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, in this embodiment, the polishing tool includes a substrate 1 having an annular structure, a plurality of flaky teeth 2, and a pressing plate 3. The substrate 1 has: A limiting groove 5 is provided along the inner edge of the ring of the base body 1, and the plurality of lamina teeth 2 form an annular structure joined to the base body 1 along the radial direction of the base body 1 to form a plurality of the lamina. All the lower parts of the teeth 2 are fitted in the limiting grooves 5,

A tank body 4 is formed between the upper portions of two adjacent lamina teeth 2, the holding plate 3 has a ring structure, and the holding plate 3 is connected to the base 1 by bolts to form a plurality of pressing the flaky tooth 2;
The upper portions of the plurality of flaky teeth 2 are made of an abrasive layer, and the abrasive layer is made of diamond.
Each lamina tooth 2 is spaced from an end in the base body 1 ring, on one side of which end is provided a first protruding block 7 connected thereto.

The size of the grinding wheel in this example: diameter: 152 mm, inner diameter: 118 mm, ring width: 17 mm, height: 20 mm. The radial width of the first projecting block 7: 2 mm, the projecting height of the first projecting block 7: 0.5 mm. The first protruding block 7 can exert a local support function for two adjacent flaky teeth 2,
Number of flaky teeth 2: 180 teeth, width of tank body 4: 0.5 mm.

The flaky tooth 2 is made by powder metallurgy process, the raw material input direction surface and the main pressing surface are similar maximum area surfaces, and simple unidirectional pressing is adopted.
Based on the shape of the flaky teeth 2, it is easy to assemble and consolidate, and by joining the flaky teeth 2, it is solidified to the base 1 so as to form an annular structure.
After joining between the plurality of lamina teeth 2, the lamina teeth 2 are fixed to the base body 1, and after undergoing post-processing such as shaping beveling, a finished tool is formed.

Contrast description:
According to the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention, compared with the technical solution in the first embodiment, its first protruding block 7 has a local support structure for two adjacent flank teeth 2. , which is equivalent to a continuous tooth structure and can eliminate run-out and impact due to intermittent grinding. The local support structure is at the outer diameter where a plurality of said lamina teeth 2 form an annular structure. When performing machining, the part that comes into contact with the work first is the part that is close to the outer diameter of the grinding wheel in this embodiment, so the impact resistance strength at the outer diameter of the flaky tooth 2 increases, and rough grinding and strong machining are performed. It is advantageous to

According to the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention, when a plurality of lamina teeth 2 are joined together to form a tank body 4, further constructing an internal tooth structure, the cooling water stays in the tank body 4. easy to achieve a better cooling effect.

Example 3:
As shown in FIGS. 11 to 14, in this embodiment, the polishing tool includes a substrate 1 having an annular structure, a plurality of flaky teeth 2, and a pressing plate 3. The substrate 1 has: A limiting groove 5 is provided along the inner edge of the ring of the base body 1, and the plurality of lamina teeth 2 form an annular structure joined to the base body 1 along the radial direction of the base body 1 to form a plurality of the lamina. All the lower parts of the teeth 2 are fitted in the limiting grooves 5,

A tank body 4 is formed between the upper portions of two adjacent lamina teeth 2, the holding plate 3 has a ring structure, and the holding plate 3 is connected to the base 1 by bolts to form a plurality of pressing the flaky tooth 2;

The upper portions of the plurality of flaky teeth 2 are made of an abrasive layer, and the abrasive layer is made of diamond. A plurality of first projections 8 are connected to the side wall of each tooth 2 that is close to the other tooth 2. As shown in FIG.

The size of the grinding wheel in this example: diameter: 152 mm, inner diameter: 118 mm, ring width: 17 mm, height: 20 mm. The first convex pattern 8 is a vertical triangular pattern. The protrusion height of the triangular pattern is 0.6 mm, and the distance between the plane formed by the triangular pattern protrusion apex of each flaky tooth 2 and the circumferential plane of the adjacent flaky tooth 2 is 0.3 mm. The number of teeth is 180, and the narrowest part of the tank body 4 is 0.3 mm.

The upper end of each lamina tooth 2 is provided with a plurality of grooves 9 . Each groove 9 passes through two end surfaces of the lamina tooth 2, and the grooves on the plurality of lamina teeth 2 are arranged along different circumferential radii to form a plurality of circular through grooves, and a plurality of the circular grooves are formed. The through grooves intersect with a plurality of tank bodies 4 to form a mesh structure, forming a net-polished surface.

An annular structure formed by joining and solidifying a plurality of flaky teeth 2, and the cumulative total circumferential length of the abrasive material layer on the upper part of the flaky teeth 2 included on the circumference along each point in the radial direction is uneven. And since it changes wave-wise, the shorter the cumulative total circumferential length of the abrasive layer, the earlier it is likely to be worn, and each flaky tooth 2 will be worn on the circumference of each point along the radial direction of the annular structure. In addition, the upper end of the lamina tooth 2 is formed with a groove 9 formed with fast wear. This groove 9 can achieve both drainage and shortening of the radial evacuation path of the chips. The grooves 9 form a mesh structure together with the tank body 4 adjacent thereto to form a net-polished surface and improve the cooling chip discharge effect. Once grooves 9 are formed, they are always present until the abrasive layer is consumed. If the plurality of grooves 9 have the same diameter, they can form an annular structure; It can play the role of micro-frequency vibratory polishing.

Contrast description:
As can be seen from the comparison with the conventional technical solution, the mesh surface polishing surface formed by the mesh structure composed of the grooves 9 due to wear is removed by the conventional technical solution by molding the entire mold. Avoid the influence of the production of the flaky teeth on the strength, ensure the strength of the flaky teeth 2, greatly improve the heat dissipation capacity of the grinding wheel, and make the grinding wheel more suitable for high-speed processing. This structure is of great significance for the development of a polishing tool without cooling water, and its structural principle is also suitable for application to polishing blocks on various abrasive polishing discs.
Example 4:

As shown in FIGS. 15 to 17, in this embodiment, the polishing tool includes a base 1 having an annular structure, a plurality of flaky teeth 2, and a pressing plate 3. The base 1 includes: A limiting groove 5 is provided along the inner edge of the ring of the base body 1, and the plurality of lamina teeth 2 form an annular structure joined to the base body 1 along the radial direction of the base body 1 to form a plurality of the lamina. All the lower parts of the teeth 2 are fitted in the limiting grooves 5,

A tank body 4 is formed between the upper portions of two adjacent lamina teeth 2, the holding plate 3 has a ring structure, and the holding plate 3 is connected to the base 1 by bolts to form a plurality of pressing the flaky tooth 2;

The upper portions of the plurality of flaky teeth 2 are made of an abrasive layer, and the abrasive layer is made of diamond. A plurality of second protruding blocks 10 are connected to one side wall of each lamina tooth 2, and the plurality of second protruding blocks 10 have a circular or semicircular shape.

The size of the grinding wheel in this example: diameter: 152 mm, inner diameter: 118 mm, ring width: 17 mm, height: 20 mm. The protrusion height of the second protrusion block 10: 0.4 mm, diameter: 1 mm. The protrusion height vertices of the plurality of second protruding blocks 10 of the lamina tooth 2 are in contact with the adjacent lamina tooth 2, and the two adjacent lamina teeth 2 are supported by each other through the plurality of second protruding blocks 10. there is

The number of teeth of the flaky teeth 2 is 240, and the width of the widest part of the trough body 4 is 0.4 mm, in which case the average tooth width: ((152π-240*0.4)/240+(118π- 240*0.4)/240)/2=1.367mm.
The end face area of the grinding wheel: 7210 mm ² , the area of the tank body 4: about 1632 mm ² , the ratio of the end face of the tank body 4 to the end face: 22.6%.
Comparison with above technical solutions:

Conventional technical solution 1, which is a relatively good level of the conventional mold presetting overall manufacturing technology, the average width of the tank body 4 can be controlled to about 1.5 mm under economic conditions, and the number of teeth is 64 , the average face width is ((152π-64*1.5)/64+(118π-64*1.5)/64)/ ² = 5.127mm, and the area of the grinding wheel end surface is 7210mm2. , the area of the tank body 4 is about 1632 mm ² , and the ratio of the end surface of the tank body 4 to the end face reaches 22.6%.

The ratio of the face width of the conventional technical solution 1 and the face width of this embodiment is 5.127/1.367=3.75 times, that is, the chip discharge path of the conventional technical solution 1 is equals 3.75 times the chip evacuation path of Here, the chip discharge path is the tank body 4 . The ratio between the number of teeth of this embodiment and the number of teeth of the conventional technical solution 1 is 240/64=3.75 times. Equal to 3.75 times the cooling surface area in the periodontal direction of Solution 1.

The average thickness of the flaky teeth 2 in this example is 1.367 mm. The thin plate teeth 2 come into contact with the planes of adjacent thin plate teeth 2 through the second protruding block 10, realizing mutual support, which can greatly improve the rigidity of the grinding wheel. In this embodiment, a plurality of protruding block structures, groove structures, or a composite structure of both can be employed.

As can be seen from the calculation, the chip removal path in the technical solution of this example is reduced by 26.4% compared to Example 1, and the circumferential cooling surface area in the technical solution of this example is It is 33.3% better than Example 1. For a diameter of 152 mm, the blade tooth 2 has 240 teeth and the width of the trough body 4 is 0.4 mm. This seems to be difficult to complete by conventional overall fabrication techniques. In view of the above advantages, this embodiment may further expand the application space and field of application for fine-grain abrasive grinding wheels.
Example 5:

As shown in FIGS. 18 to 20, in this embodiment, the polishing tool includes a substrate 1 having an annular structure, a plurality of flaky teeth 2, and a pressing plate 3. The substrate 1 includes: A limiting groove 5 is provided along the inner edge of the ring of the base body 1, and the plurality of lamina teeth 2 form an annular structure joined to the base body 1 along the radial direction of the base body 1 to form a plurality of the lamina. All the lower parts of the teeth 2 are fitted in the limiting grooves 5,

A tank body 4 is formed between the upper portions of two adjacent lamina teeth 2, the holding plate 3 has a ring structure, and the holding plate 3 is connected to the base 1 by bolts to form a plurality of pressing the flaky tooth 2;
The upper portions of the plurality of flaky teeth 2 are made of an abrasive layer, and the abrasive layer is made of diamond.

The plurality of flaky teeth 2 includes a plurality of flaky teeth C and a plurality of flaky teeth D. The plurality of flaky teeth C are continuously bonded to form a first abrasive material 11, and the plurality of flaky teeth D are continuously bonded. and constitutes the second abrasive 12. A plurality of first abrasives 11 and a plurality of second abrasives 12 are cross-bonded to the base 1 so as to form an annular structure. The width of the flaky tooth C near one end of the substrate 1 is larger than the width of the other end, and the width of the flaky tooth D near the one end of the substrate 1 is smaller than the width of the other end. Size: Diameter: 152mm, Inner Diameter: 118mm, Ring Width: 17mm, Height: 20mm.

The number of flaky teeth 2 is 180, the width of the widest portion of the trough body 4 is 1 mm, and the width of the narrowest portion is 0.5 mm. Five flaky teeth C are continuously bonded to form a first abrasive 11, five flaky teeth D are continuously bonded to form a second abrasive 12, 18 first abrasives 11 and 18 A circular structure is formed on the substrate 1 by interlacing with the second abrasive 12 .

comparison with the above technical solutions,
According to the technical solution of the present application, a plurality of flaky teeth C are continuously joined to form a first abrasive material 11, a plurality of flaky teeth D are continuously joined to form a second abrasive material 12, and a plurality of The first abrasive material 11 and the plurality of second abrasive materials 12 are cross-bonded to the base body 1 so as to form an annular structure, thereby forming one composite abrasive ring, and having two explicit or latent rings or Polycyclic structures can be realized.

The area of the inner ring portion and the outer ring portion of each stage of the composite polishing ring thus constructed differs depending on the shape of the polishing surfaces of the first polishing body 11 and the second polishing body 12, and is different for each first polishing body 11 or Differences in pressure and wear during operation of the second polishing body 12 cause a significant difference in shape on the polishing surface of the composite polishing ring. At the same time, if different binders are used for flaky tooth C and flaky tooth D, the force received during polishing of the inner and outer ring portions of each stage of the composite polishing ring will also differ depending on the performance. There is a latent strength difference in the surface. The height difference and the strength difference both form radial and axial frequency vibration polishing, exhibiting bicyclic or polycyclic structural functions, and exhibiting and surpassing the technical effects of prior art solutions.

Example 6:
As shown in FIGS. 21 to 24, in this embodiment, the polishing tool includes a substrate 1 having an annular structure, a plurality of lamina teeth 2, and a pressing plate 3, wherein the plurality of lamina teeth 2 has an annular structure joined to the substrate 1 along the substrate 1, and the end surface of the abrasive material of the annular structure is in close contact with the edge of the substrate 1.

The center between two adjacent lamina teeth 2 constitutes a trough body 4 . The arc length of each point in the axial direction of the abrasive structure 14 on the flaky tooth 2 has a positive relationship with the amount of machining at that point, and if the amount of machining at that point is large, the amount of wear at that point is also large, If it becomes easy to wear and deform, set the arc length in the circumferential direction at that point relatively long, and the amount of machining at that point is small, set the arc length in the circumferential direction at that point relatively short, and balance it relatively. A certain wear can be achieved and the ability to resist deformation can be improved. The presser plate 3 is annularly arranged on the upper end of the base 1, and the presser plate 3 is connected to the base 1 by bolts and presses the plurality of lamina teeth 2. As shown in FIG.

The size of the grinding wheel in this example: diameter: 150 mm, ring width of the annular structure of the grinding wheel: 10 mm, opening: 12 mm, workpiece that can be processed: 10 mm, height: 23 mm.
When the grinding wheel contacts the work, the narrowest part of the tank body 4 is 0.2 mm.
The grinding wheel has 276 teeth. Then the periodontal working width is
((150π-276*0.2)/276+(130π-276*0.2)/276)/2 = 1.394 mm.

The flaky tooth 2 is made by a powder metallurgy process, the raw material feeding direction surface and the main pressing surface are the same maximum area, and the average thickness of the flaky tooth 2 is only 1.394 mm. A simple one-way press can be adopted, on the contrary, the conventional manufacturing technology of the entire mold preset requires a two-way press, which greatly reduces the height of the mold and facilitates the input of raw materials. Based on the shape of the lamina teeth 2, it is easy to assemble and consolidate, and after the plurality of lamina teeth 2 are joined, a tank body 4 is formed in the middle of two adjacent lamina teeth 2, The narrowest part of the tank body 4 is 0.2 mm when in contact with the work. A side wall of the lamina tooth 2 near one end in the ring of the base body 1 is provided with a meshing position 13, and two adjacent lamina teeth 2 are meshed with each other via the meshing position 13. As shown in FIG. The lower end surface of the presser plate 3 is inclined downward from the inside of the ring of the presser plate 3 to the outside of the ring. limit. A plurality of the flaky teeth 2 are fixed to the base body 1 by means of a filler 6, an auxiliary tool, an adhesive, etc., and after undergoing post-processing such as shaping and beveling, a finished tool is formed.

At one end of each lamina tooth 2 remote from within the ring of the base body 1, a polishing structure 14 is provided, and another lamina tooth of each lamina tooth 2 if the corresponding workpiece to be polished is concave. The end face near 2 is a ridge structure, and the end face near another lamina tooth 2 of each said lamina tooth 2 is a dent structure 15 if the corresponding workpiece to be ground is convex. The grinding structure 14 may be concave, convex or concave-convex composite.
Comparison with prior art solutions:

The manufacturing process of the technical solution in the present embodiment is simplified, and the flaky tooth 2, which is difficult to manufacture, can be realized by bridging as a whole, and a narrow tooth structure that greatly shortens the chip evacuation path is realized. can be realized, the quick-freezing tank body 4 can be realized, the inner cold water supply cooling mode densely packed in the polishing area can be easily realized, and the performance of the grinding wheel product can be further greatly improved. can.
Example 7:

As shown in FIGS. 25 to 27, in this embodiment, the polishing tool includes a substrate 1 having an annular structure and a pressing plate 3. 1, the holding plate 3 has a ring structure, and the holding plate 3 is connected to the base 1 by bolts to press the plurality of lamina teeth 2;
The composite tank bodies 4 are annularly arranged along the annular structure, and each of the tank bodies 4 is arranged relatively offset from the radial direction of the annular structure.
Example 8:

As shown in FIGS. 28 to 33, in this embodiment, the polishing tool includes a substrate 1 exhibiting an annular structure and a plurality of flaky teeth 2, wherein the substrate 1 includes a ring inner edge of the substrate 1. , the plurality of lamina teeth 2 form an annular structure joined to the base 1 along the radial direction of the base 1, and the lower portions of the plurality of lamina teeth 2 are Both are fitted in the limiting groove 5 and adhered to the base 1 with an adhesive,
A tank body 4 is configured between the upper parts of two adjacent flaky teeth 2,
When used, the pressing plate is pressed against the mounting bottom plate 16, and the bolt is connected to the flange on the electric shaft to press the plurality of lamina teeth 2;
The upper portions of the plurality of flaky teeth 2 are all made of an abrasive layer.

The abrasive layer is composed of an organic binder, an inorganic binder or a composite binder and an abrasive, and the abrasive layer is provided with porosities having different values. The abrasive layer is also a working layer, inorganic binders include metals, ceramics, and magnesia, organic binders include resins and rubber binders, and composite binders include ceramic resins.

Each lamina tooth 2 is separated from the end of the annular structure, one side of which end is provided with a third protruding block 18 connected thereto, and one side wall of each lamina tooth 2 has a plurality of A fourth projecting block 19 is connected, and the plurality of fourth projecting blocks 19 are circular or semicircular,
Two adjacent lamina teeth 2 are pressed against each other via a plurality of fourth protruding blocks 19 and supported.
In this embodiment, multiple protruding blocks or grooves, or a composite structure of both, can be used to form a supporting or anti-shattering structure 17 together.
The flaky tooth 2 is made of organic binder, the raw material feeding direction surface and the main pressing surface are the same maximum area surface, and simple unidirectional pressing is adopted.
It is easy to assemble and consolidate based on the shape of the lamina tooth 2, and by joining a plurality of lamina teeth 2, it is consolidated to the base 1 so as to form an annular structure.
After undergoing post-processing such as shaping, the finished tool is formed.
Two adjacent lamina teeth 2 are adhesively connected via an auxiliary part.
Contrast description:

According to the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention, when a plurality of lamina teeth 2 are joined together, they form a trough body 4, which further constitutes an internal tooth structure, and the cooling water stays in the trough body 4. easy to use and achieve a better cooling effect.

According to the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention, the rigidity of the organic binder polishing wheel can be satisfied by pressing and supporting each other through a plurality of fourth projecting blocks 19, It solves the problem of easy deformation due to the poor rigidity of the polishing wheel after the grooves are formed in the prior art solutions.

According to the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention, the overall elasticity of the product can be adjusted to a certain extent by adjusting the structural shape, quantity and size of the fourth projecting block 19 .

According to the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention, the structural function can improve the overall heat resistance of the product, replace the part of the pore structure that should be located inside the binder, and further It reduces the porosity, improves the ability to grip the abrasive, and greatly improves the high-speed, high-efficiency processing capability.
Example 9:

As shown in FIGS. 34 to 36, in this embodiment, the polishing tool includes a substrate 1 having an annular structure and a plurality of lamina teeth 2, the lamina teeth 2 comprising a lamina tooth E and a lamina A plurality of flaky teeth E and a plurality of flaky teeth F are arranged in an interlaced manner,

The base body 1 is provided with a limiting groove 5 arranged along the ring inner edge of the base body 1, and the plurality of lamina teeth 2 are radially joined along the base body 1 to form an annular structure. . A tank body 4 is formed between two adjacent lamina teeth 2, that is, a tank body 4 is formed between a lamina tooth E and a lamina tooth F.

A scattering prevention structure 17 is provided at the lower end of the annular structure, and the restricting groove 5 of the base 1 meshes with the scattering prevention structure 17 on the annular structure, and the base 1 and the pressing plate 3 sandwich the annular structure. is cemented with A pressing plate 3 presses the plurality of lamina teeth 2, and the plurality of lamina teeth 2 are made of an abrasive layer,

The lamina tooth E is a planar lamina tooth, and the lamina tooth F is a wavy lamina tooth. The circumferential total cumulative arc length at each point in the axial direction of the tooth E and the flaky tooth F is equal, giving good deformation resistance capability when performing open groove processing with a grinding wheel polishing surface.
Example 10:

As shown in FIGS. 37 to 39, in this embodiment, the polishing tool includes a substrate 1 exhibiting an annular structure and a plurality of flaky teeth 2, wherein the substrate 1 includes a ring inner edge of the substrate 1. and the plurality of lamina teeth 2 are radially inclined along the base body 1 to form a jointed annular structure, which is glued together with an adhesive. ing,

A tank body 4 is formed between two adjacent lamina teeth 2, and a scattering prevention structure 17 is provided on the end face of the annular structure, and the annular structure is sandwiched between the base 1 and the pressing plate 3 and fixed. It is A pressing plate 3 presses the plurality of lamina teeth 2, and the plurality of lamina teeth 2 are made of an abrasive layer,

The limiting groove 5 of the base body 1 meshes with the shatterproof structure 17 on the annular structure. A pressing plate 3 presses the plurality of lamina teeth 2, and the plurality of lamina teeth 2 are made of an abrasive layer.
The present invention also provides
S1. manufacturing the flaky teeth 2 based on the set structure such that the ratio of the average radial length to the average circumferential width of the flaky teeth 2 is greater than 2.5 times;
S2. the main pressing surface of the flaky teeth being the non-abrasive working surface and the main pressing surface being the surface with the largest area of the flaky teeth;
S3. joining a plurality of lamina teeth 2 between the main pressing surfaces and fixedly connecting them to form an annular structure;
Furthermore, the above-described embodiment provides a method of manufacturing a polishing tool, further including step S4 of fixing the plurality of lamina teeth 2 to the substrate 1 by means of a pressing plate 3 and bolts.

Although the above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and other changes, modifications, and substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention. , combinations and simplifications should all be equivalent permutations and should all be protected within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

1, Base 2, Slice Tooth, Slice Tooth A, Slice Tooth B, Slice Tooth C, Slice Tooth D, Slice Tooth E, Slice Tooth F, 3, Holding Plate, 4, Tank Body, 5, Limiting Groove, 6, Filler 7 First protruding block 8 First convex pattern 9 Groove 10 Second protruding block 11 First abrasive 12 Second abrasive 13 Interlocking position 14 Polishing Structure 15 Concave structure 16 Mounting bottom plate 17 Scattering prevention structure 18 3rd projecting block 19 4th projecting block

Claims (13)

comprising an annular structural base (1), a plurality of lamina teeth (2) , and a pressing plate (3) ;
A plurality of said lamina teeth (2) are successively joined to form a jointed annular structure, two adjacent said lamina teeth (2) are fixedly connected, and a cistern is formed between two adjacent said lamina teeth (2). body (4) is formed,
an annular structure consisting of a plurality of said lamina teeth (2) is fixed to said base body (1);
the pressing plate (3) has a ring structure, and the pressing plate (3) is connected to the base (1) by bolts to press the plurality of lamina teeth (2);
An abrasive tool, characterized in that a plurality of second protruding blocks (10) are connected to one side wall of each said lamina tooth (2) . The base (1) is provided with a limiting groove (5) arranged along the inner edge of the base (1) ring, and the lower portions of the plurality of lamina teeth (2) are all aligned with the limiting groove (5). 2. Abrasive tool according to claim 1 , characterized in that the upper parts of the plurality of flaky teeth (2) which are fitted are each made of an abrasive layer. 3. The abrasive tool of claim 2 , wherein said abrasive layer is made of diamond. The end surface of the holding plate (3) near the lamina tooth (2) is inclined and is aligned with the end surface of the lamina tooth (2), and the lamina tooth (2) of the holding plate (3) 2. Abrasive tool according to claim 1 , characterized in that the annular end face close to ) is provided with a filling body (6) which joins the pressure plate (3). A plurality of said tank bodies (4) are annularly arranged along said annular structure, and each said tank body (4) is arranged relatively displaced from the radial direction of said annular structure. 2. The abrasive tool of claim 1 . Note that each lamina tooth (2) is remote from the end in the base (1) ring and on one side of that end is provided with a first protruding block (7) connected to it. 6. Abrasive tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5 . 7. Any one of claims 1 to 6 , characterized in that a side wall of each lamina tooth (2) close to another lamina tooth (2) is connected with a plurality of first ridges (8). or 1. Abrasive tool according to item 1. The end face of the annular structure is in close contact with the edge of the base (1), the holding plate (3) is annularly arranged on the upper end of the base (1),
Said lamina tooth (2) is provided with a meshing position (13) on its side wall near one end in the base (1) ring, and two adjacent lamina teeth (2) are connected to each other via the meshing position (13). Engagement The lower end surface of the pressing plate (3) is slanted downward from the inside of the ring of the pressing plate (3) to the outside of the ring to limit the plurality of lamina teeth (2),
Abrasive tool according to claim 1 , characterized in that each lamina tooth (2) is provided with an abrasive structure (14) at one end remote from within the base body (1) ring. 9. Abrasive tool according to claim 8 , characterized in that the arc length at each axial point of the abrasive structure (14) on the flaky tooth (2) is in a forward relationship with the amount of machining at that point. A plurality of grooves (9) are provided in the upper end of each lamina tooth (2) along the radial direction of the annular structure, and the plurality of grooves (9) and the plurality of tank bodies (4) form a mesh structure. 2. The abrasive tool of claim 1, wherein the abrasive tool is configured to form a screen abrasive surface. Abrasive tool according to claim 1, characterized in that two adjacent lamina teeth (2) are fixedly connected by gluing and/or fasteners. Abrasive tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the binder of the flaky teeth (2) is an organic binder, an inorganic binder or a composite binder. 13. An abrasive tool according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the abrasive tool is a lamina tooth bonded diamond grinding wheel.

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