JP7093262B2 - Fatigue reduction / recovery composition by high-intensity exercise - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a composition for reducing and / or recovering fatigue by high-intensity exercise.

It is known that exercise increases the production of active oxygen and exerts oxidative stress on the living body. Although the living body has an antioxidant defense function, if high-intensity exercise generates a remarkable amount of active oxygen that exceeds it, it causes fatigue of muscles and the like, and subsequent fatigue occurs and recovery from fatigue occurs. It is believed to affect the delay.
In particular, for athletes who perform high-intensity training on a daily basis, the occurrence and recovery of fatigue after daily exercise is an important issue for improving performance. Since the degree of oxidative stress varies depending on the type of exercise, time, and individual antioxidant defense function, it is necessary to individually consider appropriate methods for suppressing and recovering from fatigue. In addition, since athletes have a problem of doping regulation, a method that does not use a special drug is desired.
The possibility of ingesting hydrogen gas dissolved water (hydrogenated water) has been reported as one means of recovering from fatigue after exercise (Non-Patent Documents 1 to 3). However, due to its properties, hydrogen gas disappears in less than 10 minutes after ingesting hydrogen water, and no sustained effect can be expected.
On the other hand, it is known that intestinal bacteria generate hydrogen gas in the large intestine when an indigestible food component is ingested in a healthy adult (Patent Document 1, Non-Patent Document 4). However, the effects of high-intensity exercise of indigestible food ingredients on fatigue reduction and / or recovery are not known.

WO 2017/057718

Medical Gas Research 2-12,2012 Sports Medicine 36; 273-279,2015 Posgraduate Medicine, Vol.126, Issue 5, 188-196, 2014 J Functional Foods 35: 13-23, 2017

An object of the present invention is to provide a composition for reducing and / or recovering fatigue by high-intensity exercise.

As a result of diligent studies, the present inventors have found that a composition containing an indigestible food ingredient containing martitol, galactooligosaccharide and glucomannan as an active ingredient is extremely effective in reducing and / or recovering from fatigue due to high-intensity exercise. It was discovered that there was, and the present invention was completed.
That is, the present invention provides a composition for reducing and / or recovering from fatigue by high-intensity exercise, which comprises an indigestible food ingredient containing maltitol, galactooligosaccharide and glucomannan as an active ingredient.

Examples of the present invention include the following.
[1] A composition for reducing fatigue and / or recovering from fatigue by high-intensity exercise, which comprises an indigestible food ingredient containing maltitol, galactooligosaccharide, and glucomannan as an active ingredient.
[2] The composition according to [1], which is applied to athletes in endurance competitions.
[3] The composition according to [1] or [2], which is applied to a person who exercises at 70 to 80% of VO ₂ max for about 1 hour.
[4] The composition according to any one of [1] to [3], which comprises the indigestible food component in the composition from about 0.1% w / w to about 20% w / w.
[5] The composition according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the composition is a food or drink.
[6] The composition according to [5], wherein the food or drink is a dairy product.
[7] The composition according to [6], wherein the dairy product is selected from the group consisting of milk drinks, yogurt, ice cream and pudding.
[8] The composition according to any one of [1] to [7], which is applied about 3 to 5 hours before the start of exercise and optionally after the start of exercise.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a composition and a method excellent in fatigue reduction and / or recovery by high-intensity exercise. According to the composition of the present invention, it is excellent in fatigue reduction and / or recovery by high-intensity training, and new training can be performed without accumulating fatigue, so that improvement in performance can be expected.

FIG. 1 shows the test results of subject A (age 32 years, VO ₂ max (ml / kg / min) 38.6). FIG. 2 shows the test results of subject B (age 25 years, VO ₂ max (ml / kg / min) 69.7).

In the present invention, "maximum oxygen uptake VO ₂ max" means that the load is gradually increased by using a treadmill or a bicycle ergometer, and the oxygen consumption does not change even if the load is increased. It refers to the amount of oxygen intake at that time.
In the present invention, "high-intensity exercise" refers to exercise in which a remarkable amount of active oxygen exceeding the antioxidant defense function of a living body is generated, and for example, a load of 75% VO ₂ max or more for 1 hour.
The subject to which the composition of the present invention is applied can be applied to anyone regardless of age as long as the person exercises at 70 to 80% of VO ₂ max for about 1 hour. Therefore, while the composition of the present invention is effectively used for athletes who perform high-intensity training on a daily basis, it is considered that it is also effectively used for rehabilitation of elderly people aged 60 years or older, for example.
As an exercise for about 1 hour at 70 to 80% of VO ₂ max, for example, endurance competition can be mentioned, but if a series of trainings satisfy the above, other exercises are also included. Examples of "endurance competition" include marathon, long-distance running on land, long-distance swimming / long-distance running, bicycle road, cross-country skiing, and long-distance speed skating.
In the present invention, "fatigue" is a decrease in physical and mental functions and includes muscle fatigue. "Muscle fatigue" refers to a phenomenon in which the maximum tension or maximum power of a muscle decreases, or a phenomenon in which a muscle cannot continuously exert a constant tension or a constant power. The present invention also includes muscle damage caused by high intensity exercise.
In the present invention, "fatigue reduction and / or recovery" includes not only recovery after fatigue occurs but also prevention of fatigue occurrence.
The preferred time for applying the composition of the present invention depends on the type and time of high intensity luck, but it is generally effective to prevent fatigue from occurring about 3 to 5 hours after the start of exercise. It is a previous application and can be optionally applied even after the start of exercise.

In the present invention, "indigestible food ingredient" refers to a substance defined by the Japanese Dietary Fiber Society as luminacoid, which is a food ingredient that is not digested and absorbed in the small intestine or is difficult to be digested and absorbed (food and development 48:15). -17, 2013).
In the present invention, the "indigestible food ingredient" is preferably composed of three components of maltitol, galactooligosaccharide and glucomannan, but may contain indigestible food components other than the three components.
In the present invention, "maltitol" is 4-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucitol, and is also called reduced maltose.

In the present invention, the "galactooligosaccharide" is 4'-galactosyllactose.

In the present invention, "glucomannan" is a polysaccharide in which glucose and mannose are linearly linked in a β-1,4-bond at a ratio of about 2: 3. The degree of polymerization of glucomannan used in the present invention is not particularly limited.

The amount of the indigestible food ingredient added to the composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but if the amount is too large, a side effect of diarrhea may occur. Therefore, a preferable single ingestion amount is the indigestible food ingredient. The combination of the above is 0.2 g to 40 g, preferably 1 g to 30 g, and more preferably 2 g to 20 g. In the case of a 200 ml beverage, the combination of indigestible food ingredients is 0.1% w / w to 20% w / w, preferably 0.5% w / w to 15% w / w, based on the weight of the composition. w, more preferably 1% w / w to 10% w / w.

The weight ratio between each component of the indigestible food component is not particularly limited and can be appropriately set by those skilled in the art. For example, each component of the three components of the indigestible food component is at least 0.5% or more, 1% or more, 5% or more, 10% or more, and 20% or more with respect to the total weight of the indigestible food component. It is preferable that it is contained in the weight ratio of. Each ingredient of the indigestible food ingredient may be contained in equal amounts with respect to the whole indigestible food ingredient, or may be contained in different weight ratios from each other, but with maltitol and galactooligosaccharide. It is preferable that the smallest amount of glucomannan accounts for 5% or more of the total weight of the indigestible food ingredient.

The amount of each of the three components of the indigestible food component is not particularly limited, but if the amount is too large, there is a possibility of side effects of diarrhea, so the preferred single intake is as follows. There: The single intake of multitoll and galactooligosaccharide contained in the composition may be 0.2 g to 6 g, preferably 1 g to 5 g, more preferably 1.6 g to 3 g, and the gluco contained in the composition. The single intake of mannan may be 0.1 g to 6 g, preferably 0.2 to 5 g, and more preferably 0.2 g to 3 g. In the case of a 200 ml beverage, for example, the concentration of multitoll contained in the composition is 0.1% w / w to 3% w / w, preferably 0.5% w / w to 2.5% w / w. , 0.8% w / w to 1.5% w / w, and the concentration of galactooligosaccharide contained in the composition is 0.1% w / w to 3% w / w, preferably 0.5. It may be% w / w to 2.5% w / w, 0.8% w / w to 1.5% w / w, and the concentration of glucomannan contained in the composition is 0.05%. It is w / w to 3.0% w / w, preferably 0.1% w / w to 2.5% w / w, and more preferably 0.1% w / w to 2.0% w / w. It's okay. The above concentration is the concentration with respect to the weight of the composition. The daily intake is preferably one or two times of the above-mentioned one-time intake, and the amount per one-time intake can be divided into two or the like.

The composition of the present invention may contain probiotics in addition to the above-mentioned indigestible food ingredients. As used herein, probiotics means living microorganisms that, when ingested, have beneficial effects on humans. The probiotics contained in the composition of the present invention are not particularly limited, but are microorganisms belonging to the genus Bifidobacterium called Bifidobacterium in the art, microorganisms understood as lactic acid bacteria, for example, Lactobacillus. Microorganisms belonging to the genus (Lactobacillus) include Lactococcus lactis, Enterococcus faecalis, and Pediococcus pentosaceus. The probiotics may contain a single strain of the above-mentioned microorganism, or may contain a combination of a plurality of species or strains.

Examples of microorganisms belonging to the genus Lactobacillus include Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus plantaram, Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus ramnosus, Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus derivrebrecki, Lactobacillus herveticas, Lactobacillus paracasei. , Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus reuteri, but is not limited thereto.

Examples of microorganisms belonging to the genus Bifidobacterium include Bifidobacterium animalis subspecies animalis, Bifidobacterium animalis subspecies lactis, bifidobacteria pseudocatenuratam, and bifidobacteria catenuratam. , Bifidobacterium Bifidum, Bifidobacterium Longum, Bifidobacterium Breve, Bifidobacterium Infantis and Bifidobacterium Addresscentis, but are not limited thereto. Of these, Bifidobacterium animalis lactis and Bifidobacterium pseudocatenuratam are preferably used, and more preferably Bifidobacterium animalis lactis can be used. As one embodiment of Bifidobacterium animalis lactis, the LKM512 strain can be used. The LKM512 strain can be obtained from the trust institution (NITE Patent Organism Depositary) under accession number FERMP-21998.

The amount of probiotics in the composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is 2 × 10 ³ to 8 × 10 ¹² cfu, preferably 2 × 10 ⁵ to 8 × 10 ¹¹ cfu, more preferably per ingestion. It can be formulated to contain 2 × 10 ⁷ to 8 × 10 ¹³ cfu. As used herein, cfu means a colony forming unit. cfu may be measured using any method known to those of skill in the art, for example, the microorganism is diluted with phosphate buffer (PBS), the diluted solution is sprinkled on MRS medium and at 37 ° C. It can be measured by counting the number of colonies that have grown after culturing for 48 hours.

The composition of the present invention is preferably a food or drink. The food and drink is not particularly limited as long as it is a food or a beverage, but more preferably a dairy product or a Western-style confectionery. Dairy products are not particularly limited as long as they are foods or beverages using raw milk or processed milk as raw materials, and include, for example, milk beverages, cheese, fermented milk, and ice creams, and Western confectionery includes pudding. .. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the composition of the invention is a milk beverage.

As used herein, the term milk beverage means a beverage obtained by adding a non-milk-derived component to raw milk or processed milk. The milk drink may further contain skim milk (skimmed milk powder rehydrated with water). The milk beverage may also contain, as an ingredient to be added, coffee, fruit juice, flavoring and the like that adjust the taste and aroma, and nutrients such as vitamins and minerals.

The composition of the present invention may further contain probiotics. The probiotics contained in the composition of the present invention are as defined in the above-mentioned food and drink section. In this embodiment, the composition may contain a combination of indigestible food ingredients and probiotics in the same composition, or a composition and probiotics containing a combination of indigestible food ingredients. It may be a combination composition composed of a composition containing tics. In the case of a combination composition, the composition containing a combination of indigestible food ingredients and the composition containing probiotics may be ingested simultaneously or separately.

The form of the composition of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a form suitable for human consumption, for example, liquid, suspension (dispersed liquid), emulsion, semi-solid, paste, powder, granules. , Tablets, tablets, capsules, or pills. In addition, the composition of the present invention may contain additives such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, sweeteners, preservatives, colorants, antioxidants, and fragrances.

The composition of the present invention is very effective in reducing and / or recovering from fatigue due to high-intensity exercise. The effect of the composition of the present invention can be confirmed, for example, by measuring the degree of damage to muscles and the like caused by lactic acid and / or active oxygen, which causes fatigue, and by measuring the degree of muscle fatigue. can. Examples of the measurement of the degree of damage caused by active oxygen include measuring the amount of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), which is an oxidative damage substance of DNA. In addition, as a measurement of the degree of muscle fatigue, the amount of myoglobin in the blood increased by muscle cell injury, the amount of creatine kinase in the blood increased by muscle injury, and subjective symptoms (fatigue, general muscle pain, lower limb muscle pain) are , Can be measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS method).
In addition, the effect of the composition of the present invention was a double-blind randomized crossover design (with the same subject, a 1-2 week rest period was provided between the test meal + exercise trial and the placebo + exercise trial. It can be confirmed by conducting a test and comparing the effects).

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. However, the following examples are merely examples of the present invention and do not limit the scope of rights of the present invention.

[Example 1]
Fatigue reduction and / or recovery test by high-intensity exercise Fatigue reduction and / or recovery test by high-intensity exercise with the composition of the present invention was carried out by the following method.

Method <Subject>
The subjects were healthy adult men who did not have food allergies (milk) and strong lactose intolerance (drinking milk causes diarrhea). Subject A was 32 years old and had VO ₂ max (ml / kg / min) 38.6, and subject B was 25 years old and had VO ₂ max (ml / kg / min) 69.7.

<Test meal>
As the composition of the present invention, milk containing indigestible food components (raw milk 44%, skim milk 4.75%, martitol 1.1%, galactooligosaccharide 1.55%, glucomannan 0.11%, succinate monoglyceride) A beverage containing 0.2% and 48.29% water) was used in an amount of 200 ml. In addition, 200 ml of placebo beverage (powdered candy 5%, milk protein 3.5%, dextrin 3%, granulated sugar 2.3%, unsalted butter 1.83%, refined salt 0.02%, microcrystalline cellulose 0.3). Beverage containing 0.2% monoglyceride succinate, 0.02% milk flavor, and 83.83% water) was used in an amount of 200 ml.
In addition to the appearance and taste between the two samples, the calories were adjusted to be almost the same, which was a level at which a double-blind test was sufficiently possible.

<Test protocol>
Two trials of high-intensity exercise + placebo and high-intensity exercise + indigestible food ingredient-added milk were performed in a double-blind, randomized crossover design (compared by the same subject drinking a test meal and placebo).
As a high-intensity exercise, a bicycle pedaling exercise with a 75% VO ₂ max load was performed for 1 hour using a bicycle ergometer. 200 mL of placebo beverage or milk with indigestible food ingredients was ingested 4 hours prior to each trial. As for meals, the regular meals were distributed the night before, the morning and noon of the day, and the intake of food other than water was restricted from 8:00 pm the day before to 9:00 am the next morning. The measurement was performed in an artificial weather room at room temperature of 21 ° C and humidity of 50%.

Measurement item
A) Lactic acid, myoglobin, creatine kinase Blood was collected from the veins of the upper limbs immediately before, immediately after, 30 minutes after exercise, 60 minutes after exercise, and the next morning. The collected blood was placed in a spitz for deproteinization supernatant, allowed to stand at room temperature for 15 minutes, centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes, and the obtained supernatant was used to measure lactic acid, myoglobin, and creatine kinase.
Lactic acid was measured by an enzymatic method (reagent Detamina LA (Kyowa Medex Co., Ltd.); BioMajesty JCA-BM9130 (JEOL Ltd.)).
Myoglobin was measured by the CLIA method (reagent Chemylmyoglobin (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Co., Ltd.); ADVIA Centaur XP (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Co., Ltd.)).
Creatine kinase was measured by the UV method (reagent N-assay CPK-L Nittobo (Nittobo Medical Co., Ltd.); BioMajesty JCA-BM8060 (JEOL Ltd.)).

B) 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)
Immediately before exercise, 60 minutes after exercise, and the next morning, after collecting whole urine, the amount of urine is measured, and 8-OHdG, an oxidatively damaged substance of DNA, which is an oxidative stress marker, is used as a reagent New 8 OHdG Check ELISA (day). It was measured by Quad-MACS (Medical Biology Laboratory Co., Ltd.) using Kenzile Co., Ltd. From the body weight, urine volume, and the elapsed time from the previous urination, the 8-OHdG production rate per 1 kg of body weight per hour was calculated. In addition, the ratio (creatinine correction) obtained by dividing by the creatinine value measured at the same time (measured by BioMajesty JCA-BM8060 (JEOL Ltd.) using the reagent Sulfur Kid-S CRE (Kanto Kagaku Co., Ltd.)) was also determined.

C) Subjective symptoms (fatigue, general muscle pain, lower limb muscle pain)
Subjective symptoms (fatigue, general muscle pain, lower limb muscle pain) were measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS method). On each scale (100 mm for fatigue), a series of "no symptoms" (0 mm) to "maximum symptoms (in the range that can be assumed)" (100 mm for fatigue), your own symptoms We asked them to check where they were, and measured them quantitatively with a ruler in 1 mm increments.

Results Figures 1 and 2 show the results of subjects A and B, respectively.
Lactic acid varied depending on the subject, but in one subject, the placebo drink increased by about 30 mg / dL before and after exercise, whereas the milk containing indigestible food ingredients increased by only about 10 mg / dL.
The rate of 8-OHdG production in urine increased by about 10-15 ng / kg / hr before and after exercise with placebo drinks in both subjects, but not with milk containing indigestible food ingredients.
Regarding subjective symptoms, in both subjects, fatigue was shown to decrease faster with the passage of time after exercise and to return to baseline faster due to ingestion of milk with indigestible food ingredients compared to ingestion of placebo. Was done. Similarly, in Subject A, systemic and lower limb myalgia decreased more rapidly over time after exercise and returned to baseline faster due to ingestion of milk with indigestible food ingredients compared to ingestion of placebo. Was shown. Subject B was shown to have lower systemic and lower limb myalgia the next morning due to ingestion of milk with indigestible food ingredients compared to ingestion of placebo.
Regarding the muscle damage marker, in subject A, the increase in myoglobin was observed immediately after exercise in the placebo drink, whereas the increase was suppressed in the milk containing the indigestible food component. In subject B, an increase was observed by exercise in both test meals, but the increase was suppressed in the milk containing the indigestible food component as compared with the placebo drink.
Creatine kinase was observed to be suppressed in subject B, whose increase was observed the next morning, in milk containing indigestible food components as compared with placebo beverages.

Possibility of industrial use

According to the composition of the present invention, it is possible to provide a composition and a method excellent in fatigue reduction and / or recovery by high-intensity exercise. According to the composition of the present invention, it is excellent in fatigue reduction and / or recovery by high-intensity training, and new training can be performed without accumulating fatigue, so that improvement in performance can be expected.

Claims (10)

A composition for reducing and / or recovering fatigue due to high-intensity exercise, which comprises an indigestible food ingredient containing maltitol, galactooligosaccharide, and glucomannan as an active ingredient. The composition according to claim 1, which is applied to an athlete in endurance competition. The composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the high-intensity exercise is an exercise with a load of 75% VO2max or more for 1 hour . The composition according to claim 1 or 2, which is applied to a person who exercises at 70 to 80% of VO ₂ max for about 1 hour. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fatigue is fatigue that continues at least until the next morning, or fatigue that occurs after the next morning . The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , which comprises the indigestible food component in the composition from about 0.1% w / w to about 20% w / w. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the composition is a food or drink. The composition according to claim 7 , wherein the food or drink is a dairy product. The composition according to claim 8 , wherein the dairy product is selected from the group consisting of milk drinks, yogurt, ice cream and pudding. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9 , which is applied about 3 to 5 hours before the start of exercise and optionally after the start of exercise.

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