JP7089692B2

JP7089692B2 - Vehicle temperature control device

Info

Publication number: JP7089692B2
Application number: JP2018107614A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 和也横田; 純司金石; 敏彦大住; 知弘吉末; 洸矢落合; 利浩加嶋
Original assignee: Mazda Motor Corp
Current assignee: Mazda Motor Corp
Priority date: 2018-06-05
Filing date: 2018-06-05
Publication date: 2022-06-23
Anticipated expiration: 2038-06-05
Also published as: JP2019209838A

Description

本発明は、車両用温度調整装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a vehicle temperature control device.

車両用温度調整装置には、特許文献１、特許文献２に示すようなものが提案されている。特許文献１には、熱負荷に対応した空調制御を向上させるべく、外気温度の影響を受けて変化する部位の車室内表面温度、日射の影響を受けて変化する部位の表面温度、乗員により設定される車室内設定温度、及び実際の車室内温度を利用することにより、熱負荷を精度よく推定するものが開示され、特許文献２には、エアコン作動中にシートヒータを作動させることによって消費電力が増大することを抑制するべく、通電されているシートヒータの数が多いときほどエアコンの送風量を低減したものが開示されている。 As the temperature control device for a vehicle, those shown in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 have been proposed. In Patent Document 1, in order to improve the air conditioning control corresponding to the heat load, the surface temperature of the vehicle interior of the part that changes under the influence of the outside air temperature, the surface temperature of the part that changes under the influence of sunlight, and the occupant are set. A method for accurately estimating the heat load by using the set temperature in the vehicle interior and the actual temperature in the vehicle interior is disclosed, and Patent Document 2 discloses power consumption by operating the seat heater while the air conditioner is operating. It is disclosed that the amount of air blown by the air conditioner is reduced as the number of energized seat heaters is larger in order to suppress the increase in the air conditioner.

ところで、一般に、車室内において乗員が寒さを感じるとき、乗員が空調装置の車室内設定温度を上げれば、車室内の実際の温度は、空調風をもって車室内設定温度まで上昇され、乗員は、温熱快適性を確保できる。 By the way, in general, when the occupant feels cold in the vehicle interior, if the occupant raises the vehicle interior set temperature of the air conditioner, the actual temperature in the vehicle interior is raised to the vehicle interior set temperature by the air conditioning air, and the occupant is heated. You can ensure comfort.

特開２００１－１９１７７９号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2001-191779 特開２０１０－１４３４６８号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2010-143468

しかし、車室外の外気温度が低く、これに伴い、車室内の内装の表面温度も低くなっているときには、前述の如く、空調風をもって車室内を暖めても、直ちに暖かさを実感できないことがある。 However, when the outside air temperature outside the vehicle interior is low and the surface temperature of the interior of the vehicle interior is also low, as mentioned above, even if the vehicle interior is warmed with air-conditioned air, the warmth cannot be immediately felt. be.

本発明者は、このような現象に対して研究を行ったところ、内装が乗員の着衣から熱（輻射熱）を奪う場合（内装表面温度＜乗員着衣温度）、乗員の着衣温度が低下し、それに基づき、車室内空間への移動熱量の放熱（対流）が促進されることを見出した。 The present inventor has conducted research on such a phenomenon, and found that when the interior deprives the occupant's clothing of heat (radiant heat) (interior surface temperature <occupant's clothing temperature), the occupant's clothing temperature drops. Based on this, it was found that heat dissipation (convection) of the amount of heat transferred to the vehicle interior space is promoted.

本発明は、上記実情に鑑みてなされたもので、その目的は、乗員が感じる温熱快適性を迅速に向上させることができる車両用温度調整装置を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a temperature control device for a vehicle capable of rapidly improving the thermal comfort felt by an occupant.

前記目的を達成するために本発明にあっては、下記（１）～（６）とした構成とされている。
（１）空調風を用いて車室内温度を調整する空調手段が備えられている車両用温度調整装置において、
車室内における所定部位の内装の表面温度を調整する内装昇温手段と、
前記内装の表面温度を検出する内装表面温度検出手段と、
乗員の着衣温度を検出する着衣温度検出手段と、
乗員の皮膚温度を検出する皮膚温度検出手段と、
前記着衣温度検出手段が検出した着衣温度と前記内装表面温度検出手段が検出した内装表面温度との差分を第１温度指標として、該第１温度指標に応じて前記内装昇温手段を制御すると共に、前記皮膚温度検出手段が検出した皮膚温度と前記着衣温度検出手段が検出した着衣温度との差分を第２温度指標として、該第２温度指標に応じて前記空調手段を制御する制御手段と、
が備えられ、
前記制御手段は、前記第１温度指標が前記第２温度指標よりも大きいと判断したときには、前記内装昇温手段による加温を前記空調手段による加温よりも優先するように設定されている構成とされている。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following configurations (1) to (6) .
(1) In a vehicle temperature control device equipped with an air-conditioning means for adjusting the vehicle interior temperature using air-conditioning air.
Interior temperature raising means for adjusting the surface temperature of the interior of a predetermined part in the vehicle interior,
The interior surface temperature detecting means for detecting the surface temperature of the interior,
A clothing temperature detecting means for detecting the clothing temperature of an occupant,
A skin temperature detecting means for detecting the skin temperature of an occupant,
The difference between the clothing temperature detected by the clothing temperature detecting means and the interior surface temperature detected by the interior surface temperature detecting means is used as a first temperature index, and the interior temperature raising means is controlled according to the first temperature index. A control means for controlling the air conditioning means according to the second temperature index, using the difference between the skin temperature detected by the skin temperature detecting means and the clothing temperature detected by the clothing temperature detecting means as a second temperature index.
Is provided,
When it is determined that the first temperature index is larger than the second temperature index, the control means is set so that the heating by the interior temperature raising means is prioritized over the heating by the air conditioning means. It is said that.

この構成によれば、乗員の着衣から内装に向けて放射される放射熱（輻射熱）が、乗員の着衣温度と内装表面温度（着衣温度＞内装表面温度）との差分が大きいほど大きくなることに着目し、その差分を第１温度指標として、その第１温度指標に応じて内装昇温手段を制御して内装表面温度を迅速且つ適切に調整できることから、乗員の着衣から内装に向けて放射される放射熱に基づく着衣放射損失を抑えて、乗員の着衣温度が低下することを早期に抑制することができる。これに伴い、乗員の皮膚温度と着衣温度との差分（第２温度指標）が増大することを速やかに抑制でき、乗員の皮膚から着衣に向けて移動する移動熱に基づく着衣熱伝導損失を減少させて、乗員が寒さを感じることを速やかに抑えることができる。 According to this configuration, the radiant heat (radiant heat) radiated from the occupant's clothes toward the interior increases as the difference between the occupant's clothes temperature and the interior surface temperature (clothing temperature> interior surface temperature) increases. Focusing on this, the difference is used as the first temperature index, and the interior temperature raising means can be controlled according to the first temperature index to quickly and appropriately adjust the interior surface temperature. It is possible to suppress the clothing radiation loss due to the radiant heat and prevent the occupant's clothing temperature from dropping at an early stage. Along with this, it is possible to quickly suppress the increase in the difference between the occupant's skin temperature and the garment temperature (second temperature index), and reduce the garment heat conduction loss due to the transfer heat moving from the occupant's skin to the garment. Therefore, it is possible to promptly suppress the occupant from feeling the cold.

その一方で、乗員の着衣から車室内空間への放熱（対流）が、基本的に、乗員の皮膚温度と着衣温度との差分が大きいほど大きく関与することに着目し、その差分を第２温度指標として、その第２温度指標に応じて空調手段を制御し、乗員の着衣温度を、上記差分が小さくなる方向（負となる領域を含む）に調整できることから、乗員に対して的確に暖かさを実感させることができる。 On the other hand, paying attention to the fact that the heat dissipation (convection) from the occupant's clothes to the vehicle interior space basically contributes more to the larger the difference between the occupant's skin temperature and the clothes temperature, and the difference is the second temperature. As an index, the air-conditioning means can be controlled according to the second temperature index, and the clothing temperature of the occupant can be adjusted in the direction in which the difference becomes smaller (including the negative region), so that the occupant is accurately warmed up. Can be realized.

しかもこの場合、内装昇温手段に基づく内装表面温度の調整により、乗員の着衣放射損失に基づく乗員の着衣温度の低下を迅速に抑えることができることから、空調手段が、乗員に暖かさを感じさせるために供給する熱量を少なくすることができ、これに伴い、内装昇温手段により内装を昇温させない場合に比べて、乗員が暖かさを感じるに至る時間を短縮することができる。 Moreover, in this case, by adjusting the interior surface temperature based on the interior temperature raising means, it is possible to quickly suppress the decrease in the occupant's clothing temperature due to the occupant's clothing radiation loss, so that the air conditioning means makes the occupant feel warm. Therefore, the amount of heat supplied can be reduced, and accordingly, the time required for the occupant to feel warmth can be shortened as compared with the case where the temperature of the interior is not raised by the interior temperature raising means.

したがって、乗員が感じる温熱快適性を迅速に向上させることができる。 Therefore, the thermal comfort felt by the occupant can be quickly improved.

また、前記制御手段は、前記第１温度指標が前記第２温度指標よりも大きいと判断したときには、前記内装昇温手段の制御を前記空調手段の制御よりも優先するように設定されている構成とされている。このため、第１温度指標と第２温度指標とを用いて、乗員の着衣から内装に向けて放射される着衣放射損失（内装が乗員の着衣から奪う輻射熱）の影響力と、乗員の皮膚温度と着衣温度との差分に基づく着衣熱伝導損失の影響力との相対的関係を判断し、着衣放射損失の影響力が着衣熱伝導損失の影響力よりも大きいと判断したときには、乗員が感じる温熱快適性を迅速且つ効率的に向上させる観点から、着衣放射損失の影響力をなくす必要性が、着衣熱伝導損失の影響力をなくすことよりも高いことから、その着衣放射損失の影響力が、着衣熱伝導損失の影響力よりも優先的に減少させられる。このため、乗員が感じる温熱快適性を迅速且つ効率的に向上させることができる。 Further, the control means is set so that when it is determined that the first temperature index is larger than the second temperature index, the control of the interior temperature raising means is prioritized over the control of the air conditioning means. It is said that. Therefore, using the first temperature index and the second temperature index, the influence of the clothing radiation loss (radiant heat that the interior takes away from the occupant's clothing) radiated from the occupant's clothing toward the interior and the occupant's skin temperature. Judging the relative relationship with the influence of the clothes heat conduction loss based on the difference between the clothes and the clothes temperature, and when it is judged that the influence of the clothes radiation loss is larger than the influence of the clothes heat conduction loss, the heat felt by the occupants. From the viewpoint of improving comfort quickly and efficiently, the influence of clothing radiation loss is higher than that of eliminating the influence of clothing heat conduction loss. It is reduced in preference to the influence of clothing heat conduction loss. Therefore, the thermal comfort felt by the occupant can be improved quickly and efficiently.

（２）空調風を用いて車室内温度を調整する空調手段が備えられている車両用温度調整装置において、
車室内における所定部位の内装の表面温度を調整する内装昇温手段と、
前記内装の表面温度を検出する内装表面温度検出手段と、
乗員の着衣温度を検出する着衣温度検出手段と、
乗員の皮膚温度を検出する皮膚温度検出手段と、
前記着衣温度検出手段が検出した着衣温度と前記内装表面温度検出手段が検出した内装表面温度との差分を第１温度指標として、該第１温度指標に応じて前記内装昇温手段を制御すると共に、前記皮膚温度検出手段が検出した皮膚温度と前記着衣温度検出手段が検出した着衣温度との差分を第２温度指標として、該第２温度指標に応じて前記空調手段を制御する制御手段と、
が備えられ、
前記制御手段は、前記第１温度指標が前記第２温度指標よりも大きいと判断したときには、車室内の目標温度に対する昇温負担に関し、前記空調手段よりも前記内装昇温手段の方を大きくするように設定されている構成とされている。
この構成によれば、第１温度指標と第２温度指標とにより、乗員の着衣から内装に向けて放射される放射熱に基づく着衣放射損失の影響力が、乗員の皮膚温度と着衣温度との差分に基づく着衣熱伝導損失の影響力よりも大きいと判断したときには、内装昇温手段と空調手段とは、その各影響力の大きさに応じた昇温負担をもって調整されることになり、乗員が感じる温熱快適性を迅速かつ効率的に向上させることができる。 (2) In a vehicle temperature control device equipped with an air-conditioning means for adjusting the temperature inside the vehicle using air-conditioning air.
Interior temperature raising means for adjusting the surface temperature of the interior of a predetermined part in the vehicle interior,
The interior surface temperature detecting means for detecting the surface temperature of the interior,
A clothing temperature detecting means for detecting the clothing temperature of an occupant,
A skin temperature detecting means for detecting the skin temperature of an occupant,
The difference between the clothing temperature detected by the clothing temperature detecting means and the interior surface temperature detected by the interior surface temperature detecting means is used as a first temperature index, and the interior temperature raising means is controlled according to the first temperature index. A control means for controlling the air conditioning means according to the second temperature index, using the difference between the skin temperature detected by the skin temperature detecting means and the clothing temperature detected by the clothing temperature detecting means as a second temperature index.
Is provided,
When the control means determines that the first temperature index is larger than the second temperature index, the interior temperature raising means is made larger than the air conditioning means with respect to the burden of raising the temperature with respect to the target temperature in the vehicle interior . It is said that the configuration is set to.
According to this configuration, according to the first temperature index and the second temperature index, the influence of the radiant loss of clothes based on the radiant heat radiated from the clothes of the occupant toward the interior is determined by the skin temperature and the clothes temperature of the occupant. When it is judged that the influence of the clothing heat conduction loss based on the difference is larger, the interior temperature raising means and the air conditioning means are adjusted with the heating burden according to the magnitude of each influence, and the occupants. The thermal comfort that you feel can be improved quickly and efficiently.

（３）空調風を用いて車室内温度を調整する空調手段が備えられている車両用温度調整装置において、
車室内における所定部位の内装の表面温度を調整する内装昇温手段と、
前記内装の表面温度を検出する内装表面温度検出手段と、
乗員の着衣温度を検出する着衣温度検出手段と、
乗員の皮膚温度を検出する皮膚温度検出手段と、
前記着衣温度検出手段が検出した着衣温度と前記内装表面温度検出手段が検出した内装表面温度との差分を第１温度指標として、該第１温度指標に応じて前記内装昇温手段を制御すると共に、前記皮膚温度検出手段が検出した皮膚温度と前記着衣温度検出手段が検出した着衣温度との差分を第２温度指標として、該第２温度指標に応じて前記空調手段を制御する制御手段と、
が備えられ、
前記制御手段は、前記第１温度指標が前記第２温度指標よりも大きいと判断したときには、車室内の目標温度に対する昇温負担に関し、前記内装昇温手段のみが関与するように設定されている構成とされている。
この構成によれば、乗員の着衣から内装に向けて放射される放射熱に基づく着衣放射損失が、乗員が感じる寒さに関して最も影響力のあるものとみなし、それを集中してなくすことができる。このため、内装の低温状態に基づいて乗員が寒さを感じることを迅速に解消できる。 (3) In a vehicle temperature control device equipped with an air-conditioning means for adjusting the temperature inside the vehicle using air-conditioning air.
Interior temperature raising means for adjusting the surface temperature of the interior of a predetermined part in the vehicle interior,
The interior surface temperature detecting means for detecting the surface temperature of the interior,
A clothing temperature detecting means for detecting the clothing temperature of an occupant,
A skin temperature detecting means for detecting the skin temperature of an occupant,
The difference between the clothing temperature detected by the clothing temperature detecting means and the interior surface temperature detected by the interior surface temperature detecting means is used as a first temperature index, and the interior temperature raising means is controlled according to the first temperature index. A control means for controlling the air conditioning means according to the second temperature index, using the difference between the skin temperature detected by the skin temperature detecting means and the clothing temperature detected by the clothing temperature detecting means as a second temperature index.
Is provided,
When it is determined that the first temperature index is larger than the second temperature index, the control means is set so that only the interior temperature raising means is involved in the burden of raising the temperature with respect to the target temperature in the vehicle interior . It is said to be composed.
According to this configuration, the radiant loss of clothing based on the radiant heat radiated from the occupant's clothing toward the interior can be regarded as the most influential on the cold felt by the occupant and can be centrally eliminated. Therefore, it is possible to quickly eliminate the feeling of coldness of the occupant based on the low temperature condition of the interior.

（４）前記（１）～（３）のいずれかの構成の下で、
前記内装昇温手段が、前記内装のうち、乗員下肢に対向した状態で近接する部分に設けられている構成とされている。
この構成によれば、外気温度が低いことに伴い内装が低い温度状態の場合であっても、いわゆる頭寒足熱の要請に基づき、乗員下肢に寒さを感じることを迅速に抑制して、乗員が感じる温熱快適性を速やかに向上させることができる。 (4) Under any of the configurations (1) to (3) above,
The interior temperature raising means is provided in a portion of the interior that is close to the occupant's lower limbs while facing the occupant's lower limbs.
According to this configuration, even when the interior temperature is low due to the low outside air temperature, the occupant's lower limbs are quickly suppressed from feeling cold based on the so-called head cold foot heat request, and the occupant feels the heat. Comfort can be improved quickly.

（５）前記（４）の構成の下で、
前記内装のうち、乗員下肢に対向した状態で近接する部分が、コンソールの側壁領域、ステアリングハンドルの背後に位置されるインストルメントパネルの下面領域、サイドドアのドアパネル領域、シートにおける座部の前面領域の少なくともいずれかである構成とされている。
この構成によれば、内装のうち、乗員下肢に寒さを感じることを迅速に抑制する観点から最良の具体的位置に内装昇温手段が設けられることになり、乗員下肢における寒さの迅速な抑制を具体的に実現できる。 (5) Under the configuration of (4 ) above,
Of the interior, the parts that are close to the occupant's lower limbs while facing each other are the side wall area of the console, the lower surface area of the instrument panel located behind the steering handle, the door panel area of the side door, and the front area of the seat in the seat. It is said that it is configured to be at least one of.
According to this configuration, the interior heating means is provided at the best specific position from the viewpoint of quickly suppressing the feeling of coldness in the occupant's lower limbs, and the occupant's lower limbs can be quickly suppressed in cold weather. It can be realized concretely.

（６）前記（１）～（５）のいずれかの構成の下で、
前記制御手段は、前記内装昇温手段を制御して、前記第１温度指標が０以下に向うように設定されている構成とされている。
この構成によれば、内装表面温度を速やかに高めて、最終的に、内装表面と乗員の着衣との間で温度差が生じないか、或いは内装表面の温度の方を着衣の温度よりも高めることができ、内装表面の低温状態（乗員着衣からの放射熱の吸収）に基づいて乗員が寒さを感じることを迅速に解消できる。このため、内装昇温手段により内装を昇温させない場合に比べて、空調手段が、乗員に暖かさを感じさせる熱量として供給する熱量を少なくすることができ、乗員が暖かさを感じるに至る時間を短縮することができる。 (6) Under any of the configurations (1) to (5) above,
The control means is configured to control the interior temperature raising means so that the first temperature index is set to 0 or less.
According to this configuration, the temperature of the interior surface is rapidly increased, and finally, there is no temperature difference between the interior surface and the occupant's clothing, or the temperature of the interior surface is higher than the temperature of the clothing. It is possible to quickly eliminate the feeling of coldness of the occupant based on the low temperature state of the interior surface (absorption of radiant heat from the occupant's clothing). Therefore, compared to the case where the interior is not heated by the interior heating means, the amount of heat supplied by the air conditioning means as the amount of heat that makes the occupant feel warm can be reduced, and the time until the occupant feels warmth can be reduced. Can be shortened.

本発明によれば、乗員が感じる温熱快適性を迅速に向上させることができる車両用温度調整装置を提供できる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a temperature control device for a vehicle that can rapidly improve the thermal comfort felt by an occupant.

実施形態に係る車室内を説明する説明図。Explanatory drawing explaining the vehicle interior which concerns on embodiment. 実施形態に係る車室内において、温風ヒータから送り出される温風の吹出し口の配置位置及び吹出し方向を説明する説明図。The explanatory view explaining the arrangement position and the blowing direction of the blowing port of the hot air blown out from a hot air heater in the vehicle interior which concerns on embodiment. 実施形態に係る内装構造を説明する説明図。Explanatory drawing explaining the interior structure which concerns on embodiment. 本発明の制御系統例を示す図。The figure which shows the example of the control system of this invention. 乗員から内装へ放射熱（輻射熱）が放射されると共に、乗員から車室内空間へ放熱が行われる状況を説明する説明図。An explanatory diagram illustrating a situation in which radiant heat (radiant heat) is radiated from the occupant to the interior and radiated from the occupant to the interior space of the vehicle. 内装の表面温度が、種々の車室内温度の下で、乗員の熱エネルギ消費にどのように影響を及ぼすかを示す図。The figure which shows how the surface temperature of an interior affects the heat energy consumption of an occupant under various car interior temperatures. 本発明の制御例を示すフローチャート。The flowchart which shows the control example of this invention.

以下、本発明の実施形態について、図面に基づいて説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

図1、図２において、符号１は、車両としての自動車を示す。この自動車１の車室２は、前席側においては、車幅方向全長に亘って伸びるインストルメントパネル３と、そのインストルメントパネル３の左右両側から車体後方に伸びるようにして配置される左右のドア４（左側ドアについては図示略）とにより区画されている。この車室２内には、車幅方向中央においてコンソール５が車体前後方向に延びるようにして設けられており、そのコンソール５の前端はインストルメントパネル３に至っている。このため、車室２は、コンソール５を中心として右左に運転手席空間６と助手席空間７とに区画され、運転手席空間６には、運転手席シート８が配置されると共に、その運転手席シート８の車体前方であってインストルメントパネル３の車体後方側においてステアリングハンドル９が配置され、助手席空間７には、助手席シート（図示略）が配置されている。勿論この場合、運転手席シート８及び助手席シートは、シート座部１１（座部）と、そのシート座部１１の後部から起立するシート背部１２とにより構成されている。 In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 indicates an automobile as a vehicle. On the front seat side, the passenger compartment 2 of the automobile 1 has an instrument panel 3 extending over the entire length in the vehicle width direction, and left and right arranged so as to extend from both left and right sides of the instrument panel 3 to the rear of the vehicle body. It is partitioned by a door 4 (the left door is not shown). In the vehicle interior 2, a console 5 is provided so as to extend in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body at the center in the vehicle width direction, and the front end of the console 5 reaches the instrument panel 3. Therefore, the passenger compartment 2 is divided into a driver's seat space 6 and a passenger seat space 7 on the left and right with the console 5 as the center, and the driver's seat 8 is arranged in the driver's seat space 6 and the driver's seat space 6 thereof. A steering handle 9 is arranged in front of the vehicle body of the driver's seat 8 and on the rear side of the vehicle body of the instrument panel 3, and a passenger seat (not shown) is arranged in the passenger seat space 7. Of course, in this case, the driver's seat 8 and the passenger seat are composed of a seat seat 11 (seat portion) and a seat back portion 12 standing up from the rear portion of the seat seat portion 11.

自動車１には、図４に示すように、車両用温度調整装置１３が組み込まれている。その車両用温度調整装置１３には、それを構成すべく、内装昇温手段としての内装昇温ヒータ１４と空調手段としての温風ヒータ１５とが備えられており、この内装昇温ヒータ１４及び温風ヒータ１５は、運転手席及び助手席において同様の構成をもって設けられている。このため、以下の説明では、重複した説明を避けるために、運転手席側の構成についてだけ行う。 As shown in FIG. 4, the automobile 1 incorporates a vehicle temperature adjusting device 13. The vehicle temperature control device 13 is provided with an interior temperature riser 14 as an interior temperature riser means and a warm air heater 15 as an air conditioner means, and the interior temperature riser 14 and the interior temperature riser heater 14 are provided. The hot air heater 15 is provided in the driver's seat and the passenger's seat with the same configuration. Therefore, in the following description, only the driver's seat side configuration will be described in order to avoid duplicate explanations.

前記内装昇温ヒータ１４は、図３に示すように、車室２内の内装１６（内装表皮２１）の表面温度を高めるために、バッテリ（図示略）からの電力を得てその内装１６に熱を供給するものである。その内装昇温ヒータ１４としては、種々のものを用いることができ、本実施形態においては、内装昇温ヒータ１４として、図３に示すように、フィルムヒータ１４Ａを内装表皮２１と遮熱材２２とで積層挟持した構造のものが用いられ、それが、配置すべき内装１６の構造母材２３に取付けられる。この場合、内装表皮２１としては、入熱に対して高応答で温度変化して熱放射を制御できるようにすべく、厚みが十分に薄い低熱容量表皮が用いられ、遮熱材２２としては、表皮の高応答温度変化をサポートすべく、高遮熱材が用いられる。 As shown in FIG. 3, the interior temperature riser 14 obtains electric power from a battery (not shown) in order to raise the surface temperature of the interior 16 (interior skin 21) in the passenger compartment 2, and the interior 16 has the power. It supplies heat. As the interior temperature riser 14, various types can be used, and in the present embodiment, as the interior temperature riser 14, the film heater 14A is used as the interior temperature riser 21 with the interior skin 21 and the heat shield 22 as shown in FIG. A structure that is laminated and sandwiched is used, and it is attached to the structural base material 23 of the interior 16 to be arranged. In this case, as the interior skin 21, a low heat capacity skin having a sufficiently thin thickness is used so that the temperature can be changed with a high response to heat input to control heat radiation, and the heat shield 22 is a heat shield material 22. A high heat shield is used to support high response temperature changes in the epidermis.

このような構造の内装昇温ヒータ１４は、前記運転手席空間６（車室２）を区画する内装１６のうち、前記運転手席シート８に着座する運転手の下肢に臨む領域に組み込まれている。具体的には、内装１６のうち、内装昇温ヒータ１４が組み込まれる領域は、図１に示すように、コンソール５の側壁領域１７、ステアリングハンドル９背後（車体前方側）におけるインストルメントパネル３の下面領域１８、ドア４のドアパネル領域１９、シート座部１１の前面領域２０において設定されており、これらは、運転手の下肢周辺を囲んでいる。 The interior temperature riser 14 having such a structure is incorporated in a region of the interior 16 that partitions the driver's seat space 6 (cabin 2), which faces the lower limbs of the driver seated in the driver's seat 8. ing. Specifically, in the interior 16, the region in which the interior heating heater 14 is incorporated is the side wall region 17 of the console 5, the instrument panel 3 behind the steering handle 9 (front side of the vehicle body), as shown in FIG. It is set in the lower surface region 18, the door panel region 19 of the door 4, and the front region 20 of the seat seat 11, which surround the driver's lower limbs.

尚、図１においては、内装１６の各領域１７～２０が他の領域と区別して図示されているが、それは、その内装１６の各領域１７～２０の存在域を明確に把握するために便宜上、行われているのであり、内装１６の各領域１７～２０とその各周囲域とは、外観上、区別がつかなくなっている。 In addition, in FIG. 1, each area 17 to 20 of the interior 16 is shown separately from other areas, but it is for convenience to clearly grasp the existence area of each area 17 to 20 of the interior 16. , And the areas 17 to 20 of the interior 16 and the surrounding areas thereof are indistinguishable in appearance.

前記温風ヒータ１５は、空気の温度と風量とを調整することにより、温風を生成して、その温風を、車室２内に開口する吹出し口２４に送り出すものである。本実施形態においては、この温風ヒータ１５として、電気式のものが用いられている。温風の吹出し口２４は、図２に示すように、前記コンソール５の側壁前部に設けられており、その吹出し口２４により、温風ヒータ１５から送り出された温風は、図２の矢印に示すように、運転手席
シート８に着座する運転手に向けて吹出されるように設定されている。 The hot air heater 15 generates hot air by adjusting the temperature and the amount of air, and sends the warm air to the outlet 24 which opens in the vehicle interior 2. In the present embodiment, an electric type heater 15 is used as the hot air heater 15. As shown in FIG. 2, the hot air outlet 24 is provided on the front side wall of the console 5, and the hot air sent from the hot air heater 15 by the outlet 24 is indicated by an arrow in FIG. As shown in the above, the air is set to be blown toward the driver seated in the driver's seat 8.

前記車両用温度調整装置１３には、図４に示すように、内装昇温ヒータ１４及び温風ヒータ１５を制御すべく、マイクロコンピュータを利用して構成された制御手段としての電子制御ユニットＥＣＵが備えられている。このため、電子制御ユニットＥＣＵから内装昇温ヒータ１４（駆動回路）及び温風ヒータ１５（駆動回路）に制御信号がそれぞれ出力される一方、この電子制御ユニットＥＣＵには、各種センサあるいは機器類Ｄ１～Ｄ５からの信号が入力される。Ｄ１は、車室内空気温度を検出する車室内空気温度検出センサである。Ｄ２は、サーミスタ等を用いて内装１６の表面温度を検出する内装表面温度検出センサであり、この内装表面温度検出センサＤ２は、図１に示すように、前記内装１６の各領域１７～２０にそれぞれ配置されて（図１においては一部を図示）、その各領域１７～２０の表面温度を検出する。Ｄ３は、インストルメントパネル３における車幅方向中央部に配置されて乗員（運転手席乗員及び助手席乗員）の温度情報を検出するサーモカメラであり（図１参照）、そのサーモカメラＤ３からの温度情報は、皮膚温度判別部２５と着衣温度判別部２６とを経て電子制御ユニットＥＣＵに入力されることになっている。この場合、皮膚温度判別部２５は、サーモカメラＤ３が検出した温度情報のうち、運転手席乗員及び助手席乗員の顔部分の温度情報を皮膚温度情報として取り出すものであり、着衣温度判別部２６は、サーモカメラＤ３が検出した温度情報のうち、運転手席乗員及び助手席乗員の顔以外の部分の温度情報を着衣温度として取り出すものである。Ｄ４は、乗員（ユーザ）の入力操作により車室２内の温度を設定する車室内設定温度入力スイッチであり、この車室内設定温度入力スイッチは、コンソール５の前部上壁に、サーモカメラＤ３の下方側において設けられている。Ｄ５は、サーミスタ等を用いて運転手の手の温度を検出する皮膚温度センサであり、この皮膚温度センサＤ５は、ステアリングハンドル９のうち、運転手が把持する部分に設けられている。運転手の皮膚温度に関しては、皮膚温度センサＤ５又はサーモカメラＤ３のいずれの検出温度を用いてもよいが、本実施形態においては、皮膚温度センサＤ５の検出温度が用いられることになっている。 As shown in FIG. 4, the vehicle temperature control device 13 includes an electronic control unit ECU as a control means configured by using a microcomputer in order to control the internal temperature riser heater 14 and the warm air heater 15. It is prepared. Therefore, while the electronic control unit ECU outputs control signals to the internal temperature riser heater 14 (drive circuit) and the hot air heater 15 (drive circuit), the electronic control unit ECU has various sensors or devices D1. The signal from ~ D5 is input. D1 is a vehicle interior air temperature detection sensor that detects the vehicle interior air temperature. D2 is an interior surface temperature detection sensor that detects the surface temperature of the interior 16 using a thermistor or the like, and the interior surface temperature detection sensor D2 is provided in each region 17 to 20 of the interior 16 as shown in FIG. Each is arranged (partially shown in FIG. 1), and the surface temperature of each region 17 to 20 is detected. The D3 is a thermo camera arranged at the center of the instrument panel 3 in the vehicle width direction to detect the temperature information of the occupants (driver's seat occupant and passenger's seat occupant) (see FIG. 1), and is from the thermo camera D3. The temperature information is to be input to the electronic control unit ECU via the skin temperature determination unit 25 and the clothing temperature determination unit 26. In this case, the skin temperature discriminating unit 25 extracts the temperature information of the face portions of the driver's seat occupant and the passenger seat occupant from the temperature information detected by the thermo camera D3 as skin temperature information, and the clothing temperature discriminating unit 26 Is to take out the temperature information of the portion other than the faces of the driver's seat occupant and the passenger's seat occupant as the clothing temperature among the temperature information detected by the thermo camera D3. D4 is a vehicle interior set temperature input switch that sets the temperature inside the vehicle interior 2 by an input operation of a occupant (user), and this vehicle interior set temperature input switch is located on the front upper wall of the console 5 and is a thermo camera D3. It is provided on the lower side of. The D5 is a skin temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the driver's hand using a thermistor or the like, and the skin temperature sensor D5 is provided on a portion of the steering handle 9 that the driver grips. Regarding the skin temperature of the driver, either the detection temperature of the skin temperature sensor D5 or the thermo camera D3 may be used, but in the present embodiment, the detection temperature of the skin temperature sensor D5 is used.

前記電子制御ユニットＥＣＵには、図４に示すように、コンピュータとしての機能を確保すべく、記憶部３８と、出力設定部３９とが備えられている。 As shown in FIG. 4, the electronic control unit ECU is provided with a storage unit 38 and an output setting unit 39 in order to secure a function as a computer.

記憶部３８は、ＲＯＭ(Read Only Memory)やＲＡＭ(Random Access Memory)等の記憶素子をもって構成されており、その記憶部３８には、内装昇温ヒータ１４及び温風ヒータ１５の作動制御に必要な各種プログラム、後述の図７におけるＳ３の実験値「１０」等の設定情報が格納されている。これら各種プログラム等は、必要に応じて、出力設定部３９により読み出され、また、必要な情報が記憶部３８に適宜、記憶される。 The storage unit 38 is composed of storage elements such as ROM (Read Only Memory) and RAM (Random Access Memory), and the storage unit 38 is necessary for operating control of the internal temperature riser heater 14 and the warm air heater 15. Various programs and setting information such as the experimental value "10" of S3 in FIG. 7 described later are stored. These various programs and the like are read out by the output setting unit 39 as needed, and necessary information is appropriately stored in the storage unit 38.

出力設定部３９は、ＣＰＵ(Central Processing Unit)をもって構成されており、その出力設定部３９は、記憶部３８から読み出されたプログラムの下で、各内装昇温ヒータ１４及び温風ヒータ１５に対して所定の制御信号を出力する。 The output setting unit 39 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), and the output setting unit 39 is used in each of the internal temperature riser heaters 14 and the hot air heater 15 under the program read from the storage unit 38. On the other hand, a predetermined control signal is output.

前記電子制御ユニットＥＣＵが行う制御には、本発明者が見出した知見等が反映されている。このため、先ず、その知見等について説明し、その後、その知見等が反映された制御の概要について説明する。
（１）本発明者が得た知見等
一般に、車室外の外気温度が低い場合には、車室２内を空調風により暖房しても、迅速に暖かさを感じないことを経験する。本発明者は、この現象に関して、図５に示すように、外気温度の低下に伴い内装１６(図５では、乗員Ｐに対向したインストルメントパネル３)の表面温度が低下すると、乗員Ｐの着衣Ｐｃｌの温度（乗員Ｐの着衣温度＞内装１６の表面温度）と内装１６の表面温度との差分が大きくなるため、乗員Ｐの着衣Ｐｃｌと内装１６との間の熱移動に基づく着衣放射損失が大きくなって、その着衣放射損失により乗
員の着衣温度が低下し、その結果として、乗員Ｐの人体(スキン)Ｐｓｋから着衣Ｐｃｌへの熱移動が促進されると考えている。 The knowledge and the like found by the present inventor are reflected in the control performed by the electronic control unit ECU. Therefore, first, the findings and the like will be described, and then the outline of the control in which the findings and the like are reflected will be described.
(1) Findings obtained by the present inventor Generally, when the outside air temperature outside the vehicle interior is low, even if the inside of the vehicle interior 2 is heated by air-conditioning air, it is experienced that the warmth is not quickly felt. Regarding this phenomenon, as shown in FIG. 5, when the surface temperature of the interior 16 (instrument panel 3 facing the occupant P in FIG. 5) decreases as the outside air temperature decreases, the occupant P wears clothes. Since the difference between the temperature of Pcl (clothing temperature of occupant P> surface temperature of interior 16) and the surface temperature of interior 16 becomes large, clothing radiation loss due to heat transfer between occupant P's clothing Pcl and interior 16 increases. It is believed that the temperature of the occupant's clothing decreases due to the loss of clothing radiation, and as a result, the heat transfer of the occupant P from the human body (skin) Psk to the clothing Pcl is promoted.

図６は、そのことを裏付けるものである。その図６には、本発明者が、人の温熱メカニズムに基づく車室内温熱制御を行うために、温熱快適性を人体エクセルギー損失によって評価した結果が示されている。この図６において、人体エクセルギー損失とは、人体が摂取した食物を消費する過程で産出した人体深部の熱エネルギーが、人体深部から人体表面、ひいては人体周辺へと熱移動することで生じるエネルギー損失のことであり、その人体エクセルギー損失は、熱移動の過程を考慮し、コア損失と、スキン損失と、着衣熱伝導損失と、着衣放射損失の４要素からなる定義付けをもって特定することができる。 FIG. 6 confirms this. FIG. 6 shows the result of the present inventor's evaluation of thermal comfort by human body exergy loss in order to perform vehicle interior thermal control based on a human thermal mechanism. In FIG. 6, the human body excelgie loss is an energy loss caused by heat transfer of heat energy in the deep part of the human body produced in the process of consuming food ingested by the human body from the deep part of the human body to the surface of the human body and eventually to the periphery of the human body. The human body energy loss can be specified by the definition consisting of four elements: core loss, skin loss, clothing heat conduction loss, and clothing radiation loss, considering the process of heat transfer. ..

ここで、コア損失とは、代謝熱や呼気・吸気や血流循環といった人体内部での熱移動に伴う人体エクセルギー損失である。スキン損失とは、人体深部から皮膚への熱伝導や血流循環や汗の蒸発によって生じる、着衣と皮膚表面との間での熱移動に伴う人体エクセルギー損失である。着衣熱伝導損失とは、人体周辺の空気と着衣との間の熱移動（熱伝導）に伴う人体エクセルギー損失である。着衣放射損失とは、前記空気の周辺にある内装と着衣との間での熱移動（放射）に伴う人体エクセルギー損失である。 Here, the core loss is a human body exergy loss due to heat transfer inside the human body such as metabolic heat, exhalation / inspiration, and blood circulation. Skin loss is a loss of human exergy associated with heat transfer between clothing and the surface of the skin, which is caused by heat conduction from the deep part of the human body to the skin, blood circulation, and evaporation of sweat. Clothes heat conduction loss is a human body exergy loss due to heat transfer (heat conduction) between the air around the human body and clothes. The clothing radiation loss is a human body exergy loss due to heat transfer (radiation) between the interior and clothing around the air.

図６について具体的に説明する。 FIG. 6 will be specifically described.

(i)図６によれば、内装１６が低温（低温壁１０℃）である場合には、乗員の着衣放射損失が、内装１６が高温（高温壁２０℃）である場合に比して大きくなることを示す（図６中、左図における放射損失大の領域において、上下長さ参照）と共に、乗員Ｐの着衣熱伝導損失が大きくなることを示した（図６中、左図における熱伝導損失大の領域において、上下長さを参照）。これは、上述の通り、内装１６の表面温度が低いほど（内装１６表面温度＜乗員着衣温度）、乗員Ｐの着衣放射損失が大きくなって、乗員Ｐの着衣温度が低下し、これに伴い、乗員Ｐの皮膚温度（人体温度）とその乗員Ｐの着衣温度との差分が大きくなることで、皮膚表面と着衣Ｐｃｌとの間の熱移動に基づくスキン損失が大きくなったためと考えられる。 (i) According to FIG. 6, when the interior 16 is at a low temperature (low temperature wall 10 ° C.), the clothing radiation loss of the occupant is larger than when the interior 16 is at a high temperature (high temperature wall 20 ° C.). In addition to showing that (see the vertical length in the region of large radiation loss in the left figure in FIG. 6), the heat conduction loss in the clothes of the occupant P is shown to be large (in FIG. 6, the heat conduction in the left figure). See vertical length in areas of high loss). This is because, as described above, the lower the surface temperature of the interior 16 (interior 16 surface temperature <occupant clothing temperature), the greater the clothing radiation loss of the occupant P, and the lower the clothing temperature of the occupant P. It is probable that the difference between the skin temperature (human body temperature) of the occupant P and the clothing temperature of the occupant P became large, so that the skin loss due to the heat transfer between the skin surface and the clothing Pcl increased.

(ii)これに対して、内装１６を高温（高温壁２０℃）とした場合には、乗員Ｐの着衣放射損失がかなり小さくなることを示す（図６中、右図における放射損失小を領域参照）と共に、乗員Ｐの着衣熱伝導損失が小さくなることを示した（図６中、右図における熱伝導損失小の領域を参照）。これは、前記説明とは逆に、内装１６の表面温度が高くなればなるほど、乗員Ｐの着衣放射損失が小さくなるため、乗員Ｐの着衣温度の低下が抑えられ、これに伴い、乗員Ｐの皮膚温度（人体温度）とその乗員Ｐの着衣温度との差分が小さくなることで、スキン損失が小さくなったためであると考えられる。この場合、内装１６が低温及び高温のいずれの状態においても、内装１６と乗員Ｐとの間の車室内空気温度の温度状況は、上記基本的関係にほとんど影響を及ぼさなかった（図６における放射損失及ぶ熱伝導損失の上下長さを横軸全体に亘って参照）。 (ii) On the other hand, when the interior 16 is heated to a high temperature (high temperature wall 20 ° C.), it is shown that the clothing radiation loss of the occupant P is considerably reduced (in FIG. 6, the area where the radiation loss is small in the right figure). (See), it was shown that the clothing heat conduction loss of the occupant P is small (see the region of small heat conduction loss in the right figure in FIG. 6). Contrary to the above description, the higher the surface temperature of the interior 16, the smaller the clothing radiation loss of the occupant P, so that the decrease in the clothing temperature of the occupant P is suppressed, and the occupant P's clothing radiation loss is suppressed accordingly. It is considered that this is because the skin loss is reduced by reducing the difference between the skin temperature (human body temperature) and the clothing temperature of the occupant P. In this case, the temperature condition of the vehicle interior air temperature between the interior 16 and the occupant P had almost no effect on the above basic relationship regardless of whether the interior 16 was in a low temperature or a high temperature state (radiation in FIG. 6). See the vertical length of heat conduction loss over the entire horizontal axis).

(iii)このことから、次のことが知見等として得ることができる。 (iii) From this, the following can be obtained as findings.

(iii-1)内装１６の表面温度が低い場合には、内装１６の表面温度を高めることにより、内装１６が乗員の着衣から放射熱（輻射熱）を奪うことをなくして乗員の着衣温度の低下を抑制することが、乗員が寒さを感じないようにするために有効である。 (iii-1) When the surface temperature of the interior 16 is low, the surface temperature of the interior 16 is increased so that the interior 16 does not take radiant heat (radiant heat) from the occupant's clothing and the occupant's clothing temperature is lowered. It is effective to prevent the occupants from feeling the cold.

(iii-2)またこの場合、内装１６が、その低温状態に基づいて乗員Ｐに寒さを感じさせる領域は、その内装のうち、乗員着衣Ｐｃｌに臨む領域であり、その乗員着衣Ｐｃｌに臨む内装１６の一部の領域（該当領域）だけを局部的にしかも直接的に加温して、その内装
表面温度を乗員着衣温度以上にすれば、内装１６による乗員着衣Ｐｃｌからの放射熱の吸収を抑制又は防止できる。このため、内装１６の一部自体を直接的に加温する場合の方が、空調風をもって車室２内全体の加温を経て内装１６の表面温度を高める場合に比して、内装１６の該当領域の表面温度を迅速に所望の温度に至らせて、内装１６の低温状態に基づいて乗員が寒さを感じることを速やかに解消できる。 (iii-2) In this case, the area where the interior 16 makes the occupant P feel cold based on the low temperature state is the area of the interior facing the occupant's clothing Pcl, and the interior facing the occupant's clothing Pcl. If only a part of the area (corresponding area) of 16 is locally and directly heated and the interior surface temperature is set to be equal to or higher than the occupant's clothing temperature, the interior 16 absorbs radiant heat from the occupant's clothing Pcl. Can be suppressed or prevented. Therefore, the case where a part of the interior 16 itself is directly heated is compared with the case where the surface temperature of the interior 16 is raised by heating the entire interior of the vehicle interior 2 with the air-conditioned air. The surface temperature of the corresponding region can be quickly reached to a desired temperature, and the occupant's feeling of cold can be quickly eliminated based on the low temperature state of the interior 16.

(iii-3)しかも、空調風による加温を併せて行えば、内装１６の該当領域の加温により乗員着衣温度の低下が迅速に抑制されることから、空調風によって乗員が暖かさを感じるまでの供給熱量を、当初から空調風だけをもって乗員に暖かさを感じさせるまでの場合に比して少なくでき、これに伴い、乗員が暖かさを感じる時間を短縮することができる。
（２）電子制御ユニットＥＣＵの制御の概要
(i)電子制御ユニットＥＣＵは、車室２内の温度調整を行うに当たって、先ず、乗員の寒さに及ぼす内装各領域１７～２０の影響力を判断する。この判断は、乗員の着衣放射損失の大きさと、乗員の着衣熱伝導損失の大きさとの相対的関係をもって行われ、このため、乗員の着衣放射損失の大きさとして、乗員の着衣温度Ｔｃｌと内装各領域１７～２０の表面温度Ｔｗとの差分（Ｔｃｌ－Ｔｗ）である第１温度指標Ｒが算出され、着衣熱伝導損失の大きさとして、乗員の皮膚温度Ｔｓｋと乗員の着衣温度Ｔｃｌとの差分（Ｔｓｋ－Ｔｃｌ）である第２温度指標Ｃが算出される。 (iii-3) Moreover, if the heating by the air-conditioned air is also performed, the decrease in the occupant's clothing temperature is quickly suppressed by the heating of the corresponding area of the interior 16, so that the occupant feels warmth by the air-conditioned air. The amount of heat supplied up to can be reduced as compared with the case where the occupant feels warmth only with the air-conditioned air from the beginning, and accordingly, the time for the occupant to feel warmth can be shortened.
(2) Outline of control of electronic control unit ECU
(i) The electronic control unit ECU first determines the influence of the interior regions 17 to 20 on the coldness of the occupants when adjusting the temperature inside the vehicle interior 2. This judgment is made based on the relative relationship between the magnitude of the occupant's clothing radiation loss and the magnitude of the occupant's clothing heat conduction loss. Therefore, the magnitude of the occupant's clothing radiation loss is determined by the occupant's clothing temperature Tcl and the interior. The first temperature index R, which is the difference (Tcl-Tw) from the surface temperature Tw of each region 17 to 20, is calculated, and the magnitude of the clothing heat conduction loss is the difference between the occupant's skin temperature Tsk and the occupant's clothing temperature Tcl. The second temperature index C, which is the difference (Tsk-Tcl), is calculated.

(ii)電子制御ユニットＥＣＵは、上記第１温度指標Ｒが上記第２温度指標Ｃよりもかなり大きいと判断したときには（具体的にはＲ－Ｃ＞１０）、乗員の寒さに及ぼす内装各領域１７～２０の影響力がかなり大きい状態にあり、その乗員の寒さに及ぼす内装各領域１７～２０の影響力を集中してなくすことが重要であるとして、内装昇温手段としての内装昇温ヒータ１４だけをもって、内装各領域１７～２０に、加温目標（ユーザ設定温度Ｔｃｎｔ－実際の車室内空気温度Ｔｒｅｆ）Ｈに相当するだけの熱量を供給させる。これにより、その内装各領域１７～２０の昇温をもって、その内装各領域１７～２０が乗員に及ぼす寒さの影響力を迅速になくすことができる。 (ii) When the electronic control unit ECU determines that the first temperature index R is considerably larger than the second temperature index C (specifically, RC> 10), each area of the interior that affects the coldness of the occupants. The influence of 17 to 20 is quite large, and it is important to concentrate and eliminate the influence of each area 17 to 20 on the interior that affects the coldness of the occupants. With only 14, the interior regions 17 to 20 are supplied with an amount of heat corresponding to the heating target (user-set temperature Tctt-actual vehicle interior air temperature Tref) H. As a result, the influence of the cold on the occupants of the interior areas 17 to 20 can be quickly eliminated by raising the temperature of the interior areas 17 to 20.

(iii)電子制御ユニットＥＣＵは、第１温度指標Ｒが第２温度指標Ｃよりも大きいと判断したときには（具体的にはＲ＞Ｃ）、乗員の寒さに及ぼす内装各領域１７～２０の影響力が、前述の(ii)の場合ほどでないにしても、大きい状態にあり、内装昇温ヒータ１４に関しては、加温目標Ｈのうち、第１温度指標Ｒが第１温度指標Ｒと第２温度指標Ｃとの和に対して占める割合分を昇温すべきとして、それに相当する熱量を内装昇温ヒータ１４により内装各領域１７～２０に供給させる。他方、温風ヒータ１５に関しては、加温目標Ｈのうち、第２温度指標Ｃが第１温度指標Ｒと第２温度指標Ｃとの和に対して占める割合分を昇温すべきとして、それに相当する熱量を温風ヒータ１５の制御（温度又は風量制御）により空調風をもって車室２内空間に供給させる。 (iii) When the electronic control unit ECU determines that the first temperature index R is larger than the second temperature index C (specifically, R> C), the influence of the interior regions 17 to 20 on the coldness of the occupants. The force is large, if not as much as in the case of (ii) described above, and with respect to the internal temperature riser 14, the first temperature index R is the first temperature index R and the second temperature index R among the heating targets H. Assuming that the temperature should be increased by a ratio to the sum of the temperature index C, the corresponding amount of heat is supplied to each of the interior regions 17 to 20 by the interior temperature riser heater 14. On the other hand, regarding the hot air heater 15, it is assumed that the ratio of the second temperature index C to the sum of the first temperature index R and the second temperature index C in the heating target H should be increased. A corresponding amount of heat is supplied to the space inside the vehicle interior 2 with conditioned air by controlling the hot air heater 15 (temperature or air volume control).

(iv)電子制御ユニットＥＣＵは、第１温度指標Ｒが第２温度指標Ｃよりも小さいと判断したときには（Ｒ＜Ｃ）、前記(iii)とは逆に、乗員の寒さに及ぼす内装各領域１７～２０の影響力（乗員の着衣放射損失の影響力）よりも、乗員の着衣熱伝導損失の影響力の方が大きい状態にあり、温風ヒータ１５に関して、加温目標Ｈのうち、第２温度指標Ｃが第１温度指標Ｒと第２温度指標Ｃとの和に対して占める割合分を昇温すべきとして、それに相当する熱量を温風ヒータ１５の制御（温度又は風量制御）により空調風をもって車室２内に供給させる。他方、内装昇温ヒータ１４に関しては、加温目標Ｈのうち、第１温度指標Ｒが第１温度指標Ｒと第２温度指標Ｃとの和に対して占める割合分を昇温すべきとして、それに相当する熱量を内装昇温ヒータ１４により内装各領域１７～２０に供給させる。 (iv) When the electronic control unit ECU determines that the first temperature index R is smaller than the second temperature index C (R <C), contrary to the above (iii), each area of the interior that affects the coldness of the occupants. The influence of the occupant's clothing heat conduction loss is greater than the influence of 17 to 20 (the influence of the occupant's clothing radiation loss). 2 Assuming that the ratio of the temperature index C to the sum of the first temperature index R and the second temperature index C should be raised, the corresponding amount of heat is controlled by the hot air heater 15 (temperature or air volume control). The air-conditioned air is supplied into the passenger compartment 2. On the other hand, regarding the interior heating heater 14, it is assumed that the ratio of the first temperature index R to the sum of the first temperature index R and the second temperature index C should be increased in the heating target H. A corresponding amount of heat is supplied to each of the interior regions 17 to 20 by the interior temperature riser 14.

但しこの場合には、乗員の寒さに及ぼす内装各領域１７～２０の影響力（乗員の着衣放射損失の影響力）が着衣熱伝導損失の影響力に比して小さいことから、内装各領域１７～
２０に供給される熱量は、空調風として供給される熱量よりも小さくなる。 However, in this case, since the influence of the interior areas 17 to 20 on the occupant's cold (the effect of the occupant's clothing radiation loss) is smaller than the effect of the clothing heat conduction loss, the interior area 17 ~
The amount of heat supplied to 20 is smaller than the amount of heat supplied as air conditioning air.

上記電子制御ユニットＥＣＵの制御内容を、図７に示すフローチャートに基づいて具体的に説明する。尚、Ｓはステップを示す。また、内装各領域１７～２０が各内装昇温ヒータ１４により個別に加温制御されるが、説明の便宜上、内装該当域１６Ａが内装各領域１７～２０を代表するものとして用い、その内装該当域１６Ａが内装昇温ヒータ１４により加温制御されるものとして説明する。 The control contents of the electronic control unit ECU will be specifically described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. In addition, S indicates a step. Further, each interior area 17 to 20 is individually heated and controlled by each interior temperature riser 14, but for convenience of explanation, the interior applicable area 16A is used as a representative of the interior areas 17 to 20, and the interior corresponding area 17 to 20 is used. It will be described as assuming that the region 16A is heated and controlled by the internal temperature rising heater 14.

電子制御ユニットＥＣＵが起動されると、先ず、各種情報としてデータが読み込まれる。具体的には、乗員（ユーザ）の入力操作により入力されるユーザ設定温度Ｔｃｎｔ、実際の車室内空気温度Ｔｒｅｆ、乗員の皮膚温度Ｔｓｋ、乗員の着衣温度Ｔｃｌ、内装該当域１６Ａの表面温度Ｔｗ、後述のＳ３の実験値（閾値）「１０」が読み込まれる。 When the electronic control unit ECU is activated, first, data is read as various information. Specifically, the user-set temperature Tctt input by the occupant (user) input operation, the actual vehicle interior air temperature Tref, the occupant's skin temperature Tsk, the occupant's clothing temperature Tcl, the surface temperature Tw of the interior applicable area 16A, The experimental value (threshold) "10" of S3 described later is read.

各種情報が読み込まれると、Ｓ２において、上記Ｓ１の情報に基づき、第１温度指標Ｒ、第２温度指標Ｃ及び加温目標Ｈが算出される。第１温度指標Ｒについては、乗員の寒さに及ぼす内装該当域１６Ａの影響力の強さを示すものとして、乗員の着衣温度Ｔｃｌと内装該当域１６Ａの表面温度Ｔｗとの差分（Ｔｃｌ－Ｔｗ）が求められる。第２温度指標Ｃについては、乗員から車室２内空間への放熱の影響力の強さを示すものとして、乗員の皮膚温度Ｔｓｋと乗員の着衣温度Ｔｃｌとの差分（Ｔｓｋ－Ｔｃｌ）が求められる。加温目標Ｈについては、ユーザ設定温度Ｔｃｎｔと実際の車室内空気温度Ｔｒｅｆとの差分（Ｔｃｎｔ－Ｔｒｅｆ）が求められる。 When various information is read, the first temperature index R, the second temperature index C, and the heating target H are calculated in S2 based on the information in S1. Regarding the first temperature index R, the difference between the occupant's clothing temperature Tcl and the surface temperature Tw of the interior applicable area 16A (Tcl-Tw) indicates the strength of the influence of the interior applicable area 16A on the occupant's cold. Is required. Regarding the second temperature index C, the difference (Tsk-Tcl) between the occupant's skin temperature Tsk and the occupant's clothing temperature Tcl is obtained as an indicator of the strength of the influence of heat dissipation from the occupant to the space inside the passenger compartment 2. Be done. For the heating target H, the difference (Tctt-Tref) between the user-set temperature Tctt and the actual vehicle interior air temperature Trf is obtained.

第１温度指標Ｒ、第２温度指標Ｃ及び加温目標Ｈが算出されると、Ｓ３において、第１温度指標Ｒと第２温度指標Ｃとの差分（Ｒ－Ｃ）が１０以上であるか否かが判別される。この判別は、内装該当域１６Ａの表面温度Ｔｗが、乗員の着衣温度Ｔｃｌとの比較上、かなり低いものとなっている状況か否かを判別するものであり、これにより、乗員の寒さに及ぼす内装該当域１６Ａの影響力（乗員の着衣放射損失の影響力）によりその乗員の着衣温度Ｔｃｌが低下させられ、それに基づき乗員の着衣熱伝導損失がかなり増大されるか否かが判断される。上記「１０」は実験値（経験値）である。 When the first temperature index R, the second temperature index C, and the heating target H are calculated, is the difference (RC) between the first temperature index R and the second temperature index C 10 or more in S3? Whether or not it is determined. This determination determines whether or not the surface temperature Tw of the interior applicable area 16A is considerably lower than the occupant's clothing temperature Tcl, which affects the occupant's coldness. It is determined whether or not the occupant's clothing temperature Tcl is lowered by the influence of the interior applicable area 16A (the influence of the occupant's clothing radiation loss), and based on this, the occupant's clothing heat conduction loss is significantly increased. The above "10" is an experimental value (experience value).

上記Ｓ３がＹＥＳのときには、乗員の寒さに及ぼす内装該当域１６Ａの影響力が大きく、それを集中してなくすことが重要であるとして、Ｓ４において、前記Ｓ２における加温目標Ｈに対する内装昇温ヒータ１４の加温目標負担値（昇温負担）がＨとされ、同加温目標Ｈに対する温風ヒータ１５の加温目標負担値（昇温負担）が０とされる。つまり、上記Ｓ３がＹＥＳである限り、内装昇温ヒータ１４だけをもって内装該当域１６Ａに、加温目標Ｈに相当する熱量が供給され、温風ヒータ１５により空調風を通じて熱量は供給されない。 When the above S3 is YES, the influence of the interior applicable area 16A on the coldness of the occupant is large, and it is important to concentrate and eliminate it. The heating target burden value (heating burden) of 14 is set to H, and the heating target burden value (heating burden) of the warm air heater 15 with respect to the heating target H is set to 0. That is, as long as the above S3 is YES, the heat amount corresponding to the heating target H is supplied to the interior corresponding area 16A only by the interior temperature riser heater 14, and the heat amount is not supplied through the air conditioning air by the warm air heater 15.

上記Ｓ３がＮＯのときには、Ｓ５において、第１温度指標Ｒが第２温度指標Ｃよりも大きいか否かが判別される。この判別は、前記Ｓ３がＹＥＳの場合ほどではないものの、乗員の着衣放射損失の影響力により、乗員の着衣熱伝導損失を増大させるか否かを判断するものである。 When the above S3 is NO, it is determined in S5 whether or not the first temperature index R is larger than the second temperature index C. Although this determination is not as much as in the case where S3 is YES, it is determined whether or not the influence of the occupant's clothing radiation loss increases the occupant's clothing heat conduction loss.

上記Ｓ５がＹＥＳのときには、Ｓ６において、前記Ｓ２における加温目標Ｈに対する内装昇温ヒータ１４の加温目標負担値（昇温負担）、同加温目標Ｈに対する温風ヒータ１５の加温目標負担値（昇温負担）が、第１温度指標Ｒと第２温度指標Ｃとの比例配分をもってそれぞれ求められる。すなわち、加温目標Ｈに対する内装昇温ヒータ１４の加温目標負担値は、Ｈ×Ｒ／（Ｒ＋Ｃ）として求められ、その加温目標負担値に相当する熱量が、内装昇温ヒータ１４の温度制御により内装該当域１６Ａへ供給される。加温目標Ｈに対する温風ヒータ１５の加温目標負担値は、Ｈ×Ｃ／（Ｒ＋Ｃ）として求められ、その加温目標
負担値に相当する熱量が、温風ヒータ１５の温度又は風量等の制御により空調風を通じて供給される。勿論この場合も、内装昇温ヒータ１４及び温風ヒータ１５による各負担が、第１温度指標Ｒが第２温度指標Ｃよりも大きい状況に応じたものとなっていることから、内装該当域１６Ａの低温状態に基づく乗員の寒さの影響力が優先的に減少させられることになり、乗員が感じる温熱快適性を効率的に実現できる。 When the above S5 is YES, in S6, the heating target burden value (heating burden) of the interior heating heater 14 with respect to the heating target H in S2, and the heating target burden of the warm air heater 15 with respect to the heating target H. The value (heating burden) is obtained by proportional distribution between the first temperature index R and the second temperature index C, respectively. That is, the heating target burden value of the interior heating heater 14 with respect to the heating target H is obtained as H × R / (R + C), and the amount of heat corresponding to the heating target burden value is the temperature of the interior heating heater 14. It is supplied to the interior area 16A by control. The heating target load value of the hot air heater 15 with respect to the heating target H is obtained as H × C / (R + C), and the amount of heat corresponding to the heating target load value is the temperature or air volume of the hot air heater 15. It is supplied through air conditioning air by control. Of course, in this case as well, since each burden of the interior temperature riser heater 14 and the warm air heater 15 corresponds to the situation where the first temperature index R is larger than the second temperature index C, the interior applicable area 16A The influence of the occupant's cold based on the low temperature condition of the occupant will be preferentially reduced, and the thermal comfort felt by the occupant can be efficiently realized.

上記Ｓ５がＮＯのときには、Ｓ７においても、前記Ｓ２における加温目標Ｈに対する内装昇温ヒータ１４の加温目標負担値（昇温負担）、同加温目標Ｈに対する温風ヒータ１５の加温目標負担値（昇温負担）は、第１温度指標Ｒと第２温度指標Ｃとの比例配分をもってそれぞれ求められ、加温目標Ｈに対する内装昇温ヒータ１４の加温目標負担値が、Ｈ×Ｒ／（Ｒ＋Ｃ）とされると共に、加温目標Ｈに対する温風ヒータ１５の加温目標負担値が、Ｈ×Ｃ／（Ｒ＋Ｃ）とされる。但し、この場合には、内装昇温ヒータ１４及び温風ヒータ１５による各負担が、第１温度指標Ｒが第２温度指標Ｃよりも小さい状況に応じたものとなっていることから、乗員からの放熱の影響力が優先的に減少されることになり、この場合にも上記状況に応じて、乗員が感じる温熱快適性を効率的に実現できることになる。 When the above S5 is NO, also in S7, the heating target burden value (heating burden) of the interior heating heater 14 with respect to the heating target H in S2, and the heating target of the warm air heater 15 with respect to the heating target H. The burden value (heating burden) is obtained by proportional distribution between the first temperature index R and the second temperature index C, and the heating target burden value of the interior heating heater 14 with respect to the heating target H is H × R. / (R + C), and the heating target burden value of the warm air heater 15 with respect to the heating target H is H × C / (R + C). However, in this case, since each burden of the internal temperature riser heater 14 and the warm air heater 15 corresponds to the situation where the first temperature index R is smaller than the second temperature index C, the occupants The influence of heat dissipation will be preferentially reduced, and even in this case, the thermal comfort felt by the occupant can be efficiently realized according to the above situation.

以上実施形態について説明したが本発明にあっては次の態様を包含する。
（１）空調手段として、エンジン冷却水を温風ヒータ１５の熱源として利用すること。
（２）内装各領域１７～２０における各内装昇温ヒータ１４の制御を一律に行うこと（例えば、内装各領域１７～２０のうち、最も低い温度のものを基準として加温制御すること）。
（３）サーモカメラＤ３により、運転手席乗員及び助手席乗員の着衣温度、皮膚温度をそれぞれ検出し、その各検出温度を、運転手席乗員、助手席乗員に対するものとして用いること。
（４）内装昇温ヒータ１４により内装各領域１７～２０の表面温度を、乗員着衣温度とその内装表面温度との差分が小さくなるように制御すること（差分が、０又は負の状態を含む）。 Although the embodiments have been described above, the present invention includes the following aspects.
(1) As an air conditioning means, the engine cooling water is used as a heat source for the hot air heater 15.
(2) Uniformly control each interior temperature riser 14 in each interior area 17 to 20 (for example, heating control is performed based on the lowest temperature of each interior area 17 to 20).
(3) The thermo-camera D3 detects the clothing temperature and the skin temperature of the driver's seat occupant and the passenger seat occupant, respectively, and the detected temperatures are used for the driver's seat occupant and the passenger seat occupant.
(4) The surface temperature of each area 17 to 20 of the interior is controlled by the interior temperature riser 14 so that the difference between the occupant's clothing temperature and the interior surface temperature thereof becomes small (the difference includes 0 or a negative state). ).

本発明は、車室２内における乗員の温熱快適性を向上させるために利用できる。 The present invention can be used to improve the thermal comfort of the occupant in the passenger compartment 2.

１自動車
３インストルメントパネル（内装１６）
４ドア（内装１６）
５コンソール（内装１６）
８運転手席シート（内装１６）
１３車両用温度調整装置
１４内装昇温ヒータ（内装昇温手段）
１４Ａフィルムヒータ（内装昇温手段）
１５温風ヒータ（空調手段）
１６内装
１６Ａ内装該当域
１７コンソール５の側壁領域
１８ステアリングハンドル背後におけるインストルメントパネルの下面領域
Ｄ１車室内空気温度検出センサ（車室内空気温度検出手段）
Ｄ２内装表面温度検出センサ（内装表面温度検出手段）
Ｄ３サーモカメラ（皮膚温度検出手段、着衣温度検出手段）
Ｄ４車室内設定温度入力スイッチ
Ｄ５皮膚温度検出センサ（皮膚温度検出手段）
Ｒ第１温度指標
Ｃ第２温度指標
ＥＣＵ電子制御ユニット（制御手段） 1 car 3 instrument panel (interior 16)
4 doors (interior 16)
5 console (interior 16)
8 Driver's seat (interior 16)
13 Vehicle temperature control device 14 Interior temperature riser heater (interior temperature riser)
14A film heater (interior temperature rise means)
15 Hot air heater (air conditioning means)
16 Interior 16A Interior applicable area 17 Side wall area of console 5 18 Bottom area of instrument panel behind steering handle D1 Vehicle interior air temperature detection sensor (vehicle interior air temperature detection means)
D2 Interior surface temperature detection sensor (interior surface temperature detection means)
D3 thermo camera (skin temperature detecting means, clothing temperature detecting means)
D4 Vehicle interior set temperature input switch D5 Skin temperature detection sensor (skin temperature detection means)
R 1st temperature index C 2nd temperature index ECU electronic control unit (control means)

Claims

In a vehicle temperature control device equipped with an air conditioning means that adjusts the temperature inside the vehicle using air conditioning air.
Interior temperature raising means for adjusting the surface temperature of the interior of a predetermined part in the vehicle interior,
The interior surface temperature detecting means for detecting the surface temperature of the interior,
A clothing temperature detecting means for detecting the clothing temperature of an occupant,
A skin temperature detecting means for detecting the skin temperature of an occupant,
The difference between the clothing temperature detected by the clothing temperature detecting means and the interior surface temperature detected by the interior surface temperature detecting means is used as a first temperature index, and the interior temperature raising means is controlled according to the first temperature index. A control means for controlling the air conditioning means according to the second temperature index, using the difference between the skin temperature detected by the skin temperature detecting means and the clothing temperature detected by the clothing temperature detecting means as a second temperature index.
Is provided,
When the control means determines that the first temperature index is larger than the second temperature index, the control means is set so that the heating by the interior temperature raising means is prioritized over the heating by the air conditioning means.
A temperature control device for vehicles characterized by this.

In a vehicle temperature control device equipped with an air conditioning means that adjusts the temperature inside the vehicle using air conditioning air.
Interior temperature raising means for adjusting the surface temperature of the interior of a predetermined part in the vehicle interior,
The interior surface temperature detecting means for detecting the surface temperature of the interior,
A clothing temperature detecting means for detecting the clothing temperature of an occupant,
A skin temperature detecting means for detecting the skin temperature of an occupant,
The difference between the clothing temperature detected by the clothing temperature detecting means and the interior surface temperature detected by the interior surface temperature detecting means is used as a first temperature index, and the interior temperature raising means is controlled according to the first temperature index. A control means for controlling the air conditioning means according to the second temperature index, using the difference between the skin temperature detected by the skin temperature detecting means and the clothing temperature detected by the clothing temperature detecting means as a second temperature index.
Is provided,
When the control means determines that the first temperature index is larger than the second temperature index, the interior temperature raising means is made larger than the air conditioning means with respect to the burden of raising the temperature with respect to the target temperature in the vehicle interior. Is set to
A temperature control device for vehicles characterized by this.

In a vehicle temperature control device equipped with an air conditioning means that adjusts the temperature inside the vehicle using air conditioning air.
Interior temperature raising means for adjusting the surface temperature of the interior of a predetermined part in the vehicle interior,
The interior surface temperature detecting means for detecting the surface temperature of the interior,
A clothing temperature detecting means for detecting the clothing temperature of an occupant,
A skin temperature detecting means for detecting the skin temperature of an occupant,
The difference between the clothing temperature detected by the clothing temperature detecting means and the interior surface temperature detected by the interior surface temperature detecting means is used as a first temperature index, and the interior temperature raising means is controlled according to the first temperature index. A control means for controlling the air conditioning means according to the second temperature index, using the difference between the skin temperature detected by the skin temperature detecting means and the clothing temperature detected by the clothing temperature detecting means as a second temperature index.
Is provided,
When it is determined that the first temperature index is larger than the second temperature index, the control means is set so that only the interior temperature raising means is involved in the burden of raising the temperature with respect to the target temperature in the vehicle interior. ,
A temperature control device for vehicles characterized by this.

In any one of claims 1 to 3,
The interior temperature raising means is provided in a portion of the interior that is close to the occupant's lower limbs while facing the occupant's lower limbs.
A temperature control device for vehicles characterized by this.

In claim 4,
Of the interior, the parts that are close to the occupant's lower limbs while facing each other are the side wall area of the console, the lower surface area of the instrument panel located behind the steering handle, the door panel area of the side door, and the front area of the seat in the seat. At least one of
A temperature control device for vehicles characterized by this.

In any one of claims 1 to 5,
The control means controls the interior temperature rise means and is set so that the first temperature index tends to be 0 or less.
A temperature control device for vehicles characterized by this.