JP7086821B2 - Direct contact type condenser - Google Patents

Description

Embodiments of the present invention relate to a direct contact type condenser.

A geothermal power plant is a system in which a steam turbine is rotated by using steam generated by geothermal heat, and turbine exhaust steam that has finished work in the steam turbine is condensed by a condensing device connected to the steam turbine. Generally, the condenser used in a geothermal power plant uses a direct contact condenser with a good heat exchange rate because it is not necessary to reuse the condensed condenser to cool the cooling water of the condenser. In many cases, a direct contact air cooling system using a cooling tower is adopted.

In the conventional condensing steam locomotive, it was common to discharge the turbine exhaust downward or upward in the direction perpendicular to the turbine rotation axis and let it flow into the condenser. By discharging in the axial flow direction and directly connecting the condenser in the axial flow direction, the exhaust loss can be reduced and the energy efficiency is greatly improved.

Further, in the case of the conventional method, a large space is required in the downward or upward direction, but in the axial flow exhaust type turbine, by connecting to the condenser in the axial direction, the layout becomes easy and the construction cost becomes easy. Has a large reduction effect. In addition, the installation position of the steam turbine and the installation position of the condenser are separated in a plane, that is, the plane positions do not overlap, for example, they are arranged one above the other. In terms of aspects, it is possible to shorten the process and reduce costs.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2001-193417

In the case of a shaft flow exhaust turbine, in a normal direct contact condenser, the condensate flows back into the steam turbine through the turbine exhaust duct (turbine exhaust inlet), which is the inlet of the turbine exhaust when viewed from the direct contact condenser. However, the risk of a phenomenon called warm condensation that causes turbine damage is relatively high. As long as the inside of the condenser is in a vacuum state, if the circulating water pump stops and the condenser inlet valve of the cooling water pipe fails, the cooling water continues to flow into the condenser.

In order to avoid such a situation, there is a method of installing a siphon breaker in the cooling water supply system to prevent the cooling water from flowing into the steam turbine. However, since the circulating water pipe generally has a large diameter, a large construction area is required to install the siphon breaker.

Further, in order to enable access to the inside of the condenser after the plant is stopped, it is necessary to return the internal pressure of the condenser to atmospheric pressure, and a vacuum break valve is installed as a means for this. However, sudden introduction of outside air causes a rapid rise in the temperature of the final stage of the turbine, which is not preferable. Therefore, the diameter of the vacuum break valve is selected so that it takes several minutes to change the internal pressure of the condenser from vacuum to atmospheric pressure. Will be done.

Backflow of condensate to the steam turbine can also be prevented by the early return of the condenser internal pressure to atmospheric pressure. However, even if this vacuum break valve is used, it takes several minutes for the internal pressure of the condenser to return to atmospheric pressure. Therefore, in the case of a shaft flow exhaust turbine, the internal pressure of the condenser can be reduced within these few minutes. The condensate level rises and reaches the steam turbine.

As another method, a method of installing a siphon breaker in the cooling water supply system and opening the siphon breaker at the time of a circulating water pump trip to prevent the inflow of cooling water to the condenser is known. However, in this method, while the siphon breaker is operated every time the circulating water pump trips, it is not always operated in correspondence with the condenser water level.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to surely prevent war tightening from the condenser to the steam turbine at the time of trip of the circulating water pump.

In order to achieve the above object, the direct contact type condensate device according to the present embodiment is a condensate that receives the condenser exhaust through the turbine exhaust inlet portion into which the turbine exhaust from the steam turbine flows and the turbine exhaust inlet portion. A condenser having a main body container and receiving the turbine exhaust and injecting cooling water to condense the steam in the turbine exhaust to condense the condensate, and the condensate condensed by the condenser. A cooling tower that receives, cools, and holds as the cooling water, a condensate return pipe for transferring the condensate from the condenser to the cooling tower, and at least one circulation provided in the condensate return pipe. A water pump, a cooling water supply pipe for transferring the cooling water from the cooling tower to the condenser, a cooling water supply valve provided in the cooling water supply pipe, and pressure inside the condenser . A direct contact type condenser equipped with a condenser outside air supply system for making the condenser atmospheric pressure , wherein the condenser sprays the cooling water into the condenser. The condenser has a cooling water spraying unit that maintains the pressure inside the vessel at a negative pressure, and the condenser outside air supply system has a normal outside air supply pipe and a normal vacuum break valve provided in the normal outside air supply pipe, and the steam. It has a normal vacuum breaking system used to return the pressure inside the condenser to atmospheric pressure when the turbine is stopped, an emergency outside air supply pipe, and an emergency outside air supply valve provided in the emergency outside air supply pipe. When the water level of the condenser exceeds the preset water level despite the operation of the normal vacuum breaking system, it operates in addition to the normal vacuum breaking system and supplies emergency outside air having a larger capacity than the normal vacuum breaking system. It is characterized by having a system and.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to surely prevent the water conduction from the condenser to the steam turbine at the time of the circulating water pump trip.

It is a system diagram which shows the structure of the direct contact type condenser which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing of the setting value of the water level of the condenser in the condenser in the direct contact type condenser which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the condenser outside air supply control part in the direct contact type condenser which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a graph which shows the time change of the internal pressure of the condenser which explains the operation of the direct contact type condenser which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a graph which shows the temporal change of the condenser water level explaining the operation of the direct contact type condenser which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a system diagram which shows the structure of the direct contact type condenser which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a system diagram which shows the structure of the direct contact type condenser which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a system diagram which shows the structure of the direct contact type condenser which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is a system diagram which shows the structure of the direct contact type condenser which concerns on 5th Embodiment.

Hereinafter, the direct contact type condenser according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Here, common reference numerals are given to parts that are the same as or similar to each other, and the description of superimposing them will be omitted.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing a configuration of a direct contact type condenser according to the first embodiment.

The direct contact type condenser 100 includes a turbine exhaust inlet 101, a condenser 110, a condenser return system 120, a cooling tower 130, a cooling water supply system 140, and a condenser outside air supply system 200.

The condenser 110 receives the turbine exhaust from the steam turbine 10 through the turbine exhaust inlet portion 101, injects cooling water, and brings the received turbine exhaust into direct contact with the cooling water to cause steam in the turbine exhaust. Is condensed to make condensate, and the turbine exhaust pressure is maintained at a predetermined negative pressure.

The condenser 110 is provided from the condenser main body container 111 forming the closed space 111s for receiving the turbine exhaust from the turbine exhaust inlet 101, the cooling water spraying unit 112 for spraying the cooling water in the closed space 111s, and the cooling tower 130. It has a condenser water chamber 113 that temporarily holds the cooling water that is supplied and transferred to the cooling water spraying unit 112.

The condenser main body container 111 incorporates a cooling water spraying portion 112, and receives turbine exhaust gas from the steam turbine 10 via the turbine exhaust inlet portion 101. The condenser main body container 111 extends in the direction of the turbine rotation axis and extends up and down along the flow of the turbine exhaust gas. At the bottom of the condenser main body container 111, a hot well 111w is formed to hold the condensate of the steam cooled in contact with the cooling water and the sprayed cooling water not used for the condensation of the steam. ing.

The condensate that flows out from the hot well 111w to the outside of the condenser main container 111 flows into the suction side pit 115 that is dug deeper.

The condensate return system 120 is a system for transferring condensate from the condensate 110 to the cooling tower 130, and is connected to the condensate return pipe 121 connecting the condensate 110 and the cooling tower 130 and the condensate return pipe 121 to each other. It has two circulating water pumps 122 provided in parallel and a circulating water pump outlet valve 123 provided in the condensate return pipe 121 on the outlet side of each circulating water pump 122. The circulating water pump 122 boosts the condensate in the suction side pit 115 and pumps the condensate to the cooling tower 130 in the atmospheric pressure state. The number of circulating water pumps 122 is not limited to two, and may be one or three or more.

The cooling tower 130 receives the condensate generated by the condensate 110, cools it, and supplies it to the condensate 110 as cooling water. The cooling water is still water due to the difference between the pressure (atmospheric pressure) in the cooling tower 130 and the pressure (negative pressure) in the condenser 110 and the difference in the height positions of the cooling tower 130 and the condenser 110. It is supplied to the condenser 110 by a driving force based on the head.

The cooling tower 130 has an open container 131 that communicates with the outside air through the upper opening 131a and has an atmospheric pressure inside, a sprinkler pipe 132 that sprays condensate inside the open container 131, and cooling that blows outside air to the sprinkled condensate. It has a fan 133. A weir 134 is provided on the outside of the open container 131 in the radial direction. The inside of the weir 134 communicates with the bottom of the open container 131 via the lower opening 131b of the open container 131. The condensate sprayed into the open container 131 by the sprinkler pipe 132 is cooled by being deprived of latent heat of vaporization by the outside air sent from the cooling fan 133, and is held at the bottom of the open container 131 and in the weir 134.

The cooling water supply system 140 is a system for transferring cooling water from the cooling tower 130 to the condenser 110. The cooling water supply system 140 has a cooling water supply pipe 141 connecting the inside of the dam 134 and the condenser water chamber 113, and a cooling water supply valve 142 provided in the cooling water supply pipe 141. The cooling water supply valve 142 can adjust the flow rate of the cooling water transferred through the cooling water supply pipe 141. The driving force for transferring the cooling water is the height position of the condenser 134 and the condenser water from the differential pressure between the atmospheric pressure Pa and the internal pressure until the cooling water transfer is injected from the dam 134 into the closed space 111s of the condenser main body container 111. The value is obtained by subtracting the head difference from the cooling water spraying portion 112 in the vessel main body container 111.

The condenser outside air supply system 200 usually includes a vacuum breaking system 210, an emergency outside air supply system 220, a condenser water level measurement system 230, and a condenser outside air supply control unit 240. The normal vacuum breaking system 210 and the emergency outside air supply system 220 are connected to the turbine exhaust inlet portion 101.

The normal vacuum break system 210 has a normal outside air supply pipe 211 and a normal vacuum break valve 212. The normal outside air supply pipe 211 has a normal outside air supply large diameter pipe 211a and a normal outside air supply small diameter pipe 211b connected in series with each other via a reducer 211c. The normal vacuum break valve 212 is usually provided in the outside air supply small diameter pipe 211b. Normally, the vacuum break valve 212 is an on / off valve. The vacuum break valve 212 may be a control valve.

Normally, the first end of the outside air supply large diameter pipe 211a is connected to the turbine exhaust inlet portion 101, and the second end is connected to the large diameter side of the reducer 211c. Further, normally, the first end of the outside air supply small diameter pipe 211b is connected to the small diameter side of the reducer 211c, and the second end is open to the outside air.

The emergency outside air supply system 220 has an emergency outside air supply pipe 221 and an emergency outside air supply valve 222 provided in the emergency outside air supply pipe 221. The first end of the emergency outside air supply pipe 221 is normally connected to the outside air supply large diameter pipe 211a, and the second end is open to the outside air. The emergency outside air supply valve 222 is an on / off valve. The vacuum break valve 212 may be a control valve.

The normal outside air supply large diameter pipe 211a of the normal vacuum breaking system 210 and the emergency outside air supply pipe 221 of the emergency outside air supply system 220 have a diameter larger than the diameter of the normal outside air supply small diameter pipe 211b of the normal vacuum breaking system 210. Further, the emergency outside air supply valve 222 of the emergency outside air supply system 220 has a capacity larger than the capacity of the normal vacuum break valve 212 of the normal vacuum break system 210. As a result, the inflow speed of the outside air to the condenser 110 due to the operation of the emergency outside air supply system 220 is formed to be higher than the inflow speed of the outside air to the condenser 110 due to the operation of the normal vacuum breaking system 210. ..

Instead of the above configuration, the end of the emergency outside air supply pipe 221 of the emergency outside air supply system 220 is directly connected to the turbine exhaust inlet portion 101, and the normal vacuum breaking system 210 has a normal outside air supply large diameter pipe 211a. Instead, the normal outside air supply small diameter pipe 211b may be connected to the emergency outside air supply pipe 221.

The normal vacuum breaking system 210 breaks the vacuum of the condenser 110 in the normal stopping process of the steam turbine 10. That is, the inside of the closed space 111s in the condenser main body container 111 of the condenser 110 is conducted to conduct the outside air, and the pressure of the closed space 111s is increased from the vacuum state sufficiently lower than the atmospheric pressure in the operating state of the steam turbine 10. It takes a few minutes to return to atmospheric pressure.

When the emergency outside air supply system 220 urgently needs to break the vacuum of the condenser 110, the emergency outside air is introduced into the closed space 111s of the condenser 110 in a short time, and the pressure of the closed space 111s is applied. It returns from the vacuum state to the atmospheric pressure in a short time. This time is usually set sufficiently shorter than the recovery time to atmospheric pressure by the vacuum breaking system 210.

As an example of the case where it is urgently necessary to break the vacuum of the condenser 110, there is a case where an event that the water level in the condenser 110 rises rapidly occurs. Specifically, for example, one of the circulating water pumps 122 may have stopped due to a malfunction, or all of the circulating water pumps 122 may have stopped due to a loss of power or the like, and the cooling water supply valve 142 may not be closed. When at least one circulating water pump 122 is stopped, the ability to discharge the condensate that continues to be generated by cooling the turbine exhaust in the condensate 110 from the condensate 110 is reduced. In this case, in order to reduce the flow rate of the cooling water supplied from the cooling tower 130 to the condenser 110, the opening degree of the cooling water supply valve 142 is reduced, or when there are a plurality of cooling water supply valves 142, a part of the cooling water supply valves 142 are opened. It is necessary to close the cooling water supply valve 142. In this situation, if the flow rate of the cooling water cannot be reduced, the condenser water level in the condenser 110 will continue to rise.

The condenser water level in the condenser 110 is measured by the condenser water level measuring system 230, and the condenser water level signal is output. However, since the purpose of water level measurement is to prevent warning to the steam turbine 10, it is necessary to accurately grasp the position of the water level.

The water level may be measured by the differential pressure method as shown in FIG. 1, but in the case of the differential pressure method, the result different from the actual water level may be obtained depending on the temperature correction, so the temperature correction should be performed carefully. .. Alternatively, a transparent water level gauge may be provided on the outside of the condenser main body container 111 to optically measure the water level.

The operation of the direct contact type condenser 100 according to the present embodiment will be described below.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a set value of the condensate water level in the condenser in the direct contact condensate device according to the first embodiment. Regarding the water level of the condenser in the condenser 110 (hereinafter referred to as the condenser water level), the normal water level (NWL), the condenser water level high (HL), the condenser water level high (HHL), and the condenser water level Water levels are set for each level of high high high (HHHL) and condenser emergency water level (EWL). The set condenser water level is stored in the set value storage unit 241 described later of the condenser outside air supply control unit 240.

The normal water level (NWL) is the normal water level of the condenser in the hot well 111w, and is a control set value of the condenser water level. During the normal operation of the steam turbine 10, the water level of the hot well 111w is controlled to be the normal water level (NWL) by, for example, adjusting the opening degree of the cooling water supply valve 142, so that the water level of the hot well 111w is the normal water level. It is considered to be within a certain width centered on (NWL).

The condenser water level height (HL) is an alarm set value. For example, when the water level of the condenser 110 deviates from this controlled state and rises due to a disturbance such as a change in the amount of steam of the steam turbine 10, it is issued to call the attention of the operator.

The water level set as the condenser water level high (HHL) is usually the set water level for operating the vacuum breaking system 210. The water level of the condenser water level high (HHL) is a water level corresponding to a state in which the gas-liquid separation mechanism (not shown) provided below the condenser 110 is submerged. In this state, it is assumed that a part of the function that the condenser 110 should have in the normal operation is impaired, and usually, the output of the steam turbine 10 is reduced, or the steam turbine 10 is stopped. Measures will be taken. Further, in the direct contact type condenser 100, from the viewpoint of preventing warning to the steam turbine 10, outside air is usually introduced into the condenser 110 by the vacuum breaking system 210 to break the vacuum of the condenser 110. do.

The condenser emergency water level (EWL) is set, for example, to the level at the lower end of the connection between the turbine exhaust inlet 101 and the condenser main body container 111, and when the warm binding to the steam turbine 10 actually begins to occur. It is the water level to be.

The water level set as the condenser water level high high (HHHL) sets the emergency outside air supply system 220 to prevent the water level in the condenser 110 from reaching the condenser emergency water level (EWL). The set water level for operation.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a condenser outside air supply control unit in a direct contact condenser. The condenser outside air supply control unit 240 has a set value storage unit 241, a collation unit 242, a determination unit 243, and a command unit 244.

The set value storage unit 241 is a memory for storing each set value of the condenser water level such as the above-mentioned condenser water level height (HL).

The collating unit 242 receives the water level signal 231a from the condenser water level measuring system 230, and compares and collates the water level with each set value of the condenser water level read from the set value storage unit 241.

The determination unit 243 determines whether or not the condenser water level has reached each set value from the contents collated by the collation unit 242.

When the determination unit 243 determines that the condenser water level has reached a certain set value, the command unit 244 outputs a designation corresponding to the set value to the target unit. For example, when it is determined that the condenser water level height (HL) has been reached, an alarm output is commanded to the control panel. Alternatively, when it is determined that the condenser water level has reached high (HHHL), the operation command 240b is output to the emergency outside air supply system 220. That is, specifically, an open command is output to the emergency outside air supply valve 222. Further, at the time of a normal turbine trip, an operation command 240a is normally output to the vacuum breaking system 210.

The configuration of the condenser outside air supply control unit 240 may be realized by using a computer or a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), or may be realized by a combination of a memory and a hardware relay logic. Even when a computer is used, a method realized by a distributed control system (DCS: Distributed Control System), a direct control (DDC :) Direct Digital Control) method in which the computer outputs a command directly to the actuator, or a computer in an analog control system. The method of outputting the kick signal of the operation command may be appropriately selected.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the temporal change of the internal pressure of the condenser for explaining the operation of the direct contact type condenser according to the first embodiment. The horizontal axis shows time, and the vertical axis shows the internal pressure of the condenser 110. Further, FIG. 5 is a graph showing the temporal change of the condenser water level for explaining the operation of the direct contact type condenser according to the first embodiment. The horizontal axis shows time, and the vertical axis shows the condenser water level.

Now, it is assumed that during the normal operation of the steam turbine 10, the internal pressure of the condenser 110 is a normal negative pressure p0, and the condenser water level is the normal water level (NWL). Here, it is assumed that one of the circulating water pumps 122 is stopped and the cooling water supply valve 142 is not closed at time t1. As a result, the total of the inflow of exhaust steam from the steam turbine 10 to the condenser 110 and the inflow of cooling water from the cooling tower 130 to the condenser 110 is the sum of the inflow of cooling water from the condenser 110 by the circulating water pump 122 to the cooling tower. From the state in which the discharge flow of the condensate to the 130 is balanced, the total inflow to the condenser 110 shifts to a state in which the total inflow to the condenser 110 is larger than the discharge flow from the condenser 110.

As a result, the inventory of the condensate in the condenser 110 continues to increase, so that the water level rises almost linearly as shown by the curve LA in FIG. The water level in the condenser 110 rises and reaches the water level of the condenser water level high (HL) at time t2, an alarm is issued to notify the operator of the occurrence of an abnormality, but the condenser water level rises as it is. continue. During this period, the internal pressure of the condenser 110 remains p0.

When the condenser water level reaches the condenser water level high (HHL) at time t3, the normal vacuum break system 210 operates, and the outside air flows into the condenser 110 via the normal vacuum break valve 212. However, the degree of vacuum in the closed space 111s of the condenser 110 decreases. That is, as shown in the curve PB of FIG. 4, the internal pressure of the condenser 110 increases. As a result, the differential pressure between the cooling tower 130 and the internal pressure of the condenser 110 is reduced, so that the differential pressure applied to the cooling water supply valve 142 is also reduced.

The flow rate passing through the cooling water supply valve 142 decreases as the differential pressure decreases. In the cooling water supply valve 142, the cooling water supply valve 142 may not behave as a completely incompressible fluid due to air being mixed in the cooling water in the cooling tower 130, or the thermal balance may be lost. When the cooling water flush occurs on the outlet side, in the region where the ratio of the pressure on the outlet side of the cooling water supply valve 142 to the pressure on the inlet side is low, as in the critical flow of the compressible fluid, The flow rate passing through the cooling water supply valve 142 depends only on the pressure on the inlet side (close to the atmospheric pressure) regardless of the pressure on the outlet side (recoverer 110 side) of the cooling water supply valve 142, and becomes almost constant. There is a possibility. However, even in such a case, if the pressure ratio becomes a predetermined value or more, the flow rate passing through the cooling water supply valve 142 decreases according to the decrease in the differential pressure before and after the cooling water supply valve 142.

As a result of the above, the aspect of the rise in the water level gradually decreases along the curve LB instead of rising along the curve LA0 which is an extension of the curve LA.

However, since the vacuum break by the normal vacuum break system 210 is an operation in the normal stop process of the system centering on the steam turbine 10, the rate of increase in the internal pressure of the condenser 110 is small. If this state continues as shown by the curve LB0 in FIG. 5, the condenser emergency water level (EWL) will be reached at time t5, but before that, the condenser water level high / high (HHHL) will be reached at time t4. ) Is reached, and the emergency outside air supply system 220 operates.

When the emergency outside air supply system 220 operates, the emergency outside air supply valve 222 opens, and outside air flows into the closed space 111s in the condenser 110 via the emergency outside air supply valve 222 in addition to the normal vacuum break valve 212 up to that point. .. At this time, since the capacity of the emergency outside air supply valve 222 is larger than the capacity of the normal vacuum break valve 212, the internal pressure of the condenser 110 suddenly increases from the internal pressure p1 at time t4 as shown in the curve PC of FIG. Rise. As a result, the differential pressure of the cooling water supply valve 142 drops sharply, and the flow rate passing through the cooling water supply valve 142 also drops sharply. Therefore, the condenser water level also rises as shown in the curve LC in FIG. Decreases sharply.

Eventually, when the internal pressure of the condenser 110 is in equilibrium with the outside air pressure pa, the water level of the condenser 110 does not reach the condenser emergency water level (EWL), but stays at a lower water level. Water condensation to the steam turbine 10 is avoided.

As another measure for surely stopping the supply of the cooling water from the cooling tower 130 to the condenser 110, a method of arranging two cooling water supply valves 142 in series can be considered. However, in this configuration, if either of the two cooling water supply valves 142 is closed, the supply of cooling water to the condenser 110 during normal operation is stopped, and the condenser 110 during normal operation is stopped. It will reduce the reliability of the supply of cooling water to. In order to ensure the reliability of the cooling water supply and to reliably stop the cooling water in the event of a failure, it is necessary to arrange two cooling water supply valves 142 arranged in series in parallel on the equipment. Excessive burden of.

On the other hand, in the case of the present embodiment, if two emergency outside air supply valves 222 are arranged in parallel, it is possible to improve the reliability of avoiding war tightening.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to reliably prevent the water conduction from the condenser to the steam turbine at the time of the circulating water pump trip.

[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 6 is a system diagram showing the configuration of the direct contact type condenser according to the second embodiment. The second embodiment is a modification of the first embodiment, and the condenser outside air supply system 300 is provided in place of the condenser outside air supply system 200 in the first embodiment. The condenser outside air supply system 300 has a normal vacuum breaking system 310 and an emergency outside air supply system 320, and the normal vacuum breaking system 310 and the emergency outside air supply system 320 are independent of each other, and each of them has a turbine exhaust inlet. The point that it is connected to 101 is different from the first embodiment. In other respects, it is the same as the first embodiment.

The normal vacuum breaking system 310 has a normal outside air supply pipe 311 and a normal vacuum breaking valve 312 provided in the normal outside air supply pipe 311. Normally, the first end of the outside air supply pipe 311 is connected to the turbine exhaust inlet portion 101, and the second end is open to the outside air. The normal outside air supply pipe 311 has a diameter similar to that of the normal outside air supply small diameter pipe 211b in the first embodiment. Further, the normal vacuum break valve 312 has a capacity similar to that of the normal vacuum break valve 212 in the first embodiment.

The emergency outside air supply system 320 has an emergency outside air supply pipe 321 and an emergency outside air supply valve 322 provided in the emergency outside air supply pipe 321. The emergency outside air supply pipe 321 has a diameter similar to that of the emergency outside air supply pipe 221 in the first embodiment. Further, the emergency outside air supply valve 322 has a capacity similar to that of the emergency outside air supply valve 222 in the first embodiment.

As described above, the normal vacuum breaking system 310 and the emergency outside air supply system 320 are independently connected to each other to the turbine exhaust inlet portion 101.

The condenser outside air supply system 300 in the second embodiment is particularly effective when an emergency outside air supply system 320 is to be added to a plant in which a vacuum breaking system 310 is normally installed.

That is, in order to realize the embodiment of the condenser outside air supply system 200 according to the first embodiment in the plant in which the normal vacuum breaking system 310 is installed, a new one among the existing normal vacuum breaking systems 310 is newly installed. It is necessary to replace the upstream side from the connection portion with the emergency outside air supply system 320 provided with a large diameter normal outside air supply large diameter pipe 211a.

On the other hand, in the second embodiment, when the emergency outside air supply system 320 is newly installed, it is not necessary to change the existing normal vacuum breaking system 310, and a complicated situation can be avoided, and the construction and quality can be avoided. Has administrative benefits.

[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 7 is a system diagram showing the configuration of the direct contact type condenser according to the third embodiment. This embodiment is a modification of the second embodiment.

The condenser outside air supply system 400 in the third embodiment usually has a vacuum breaking system 310 and an emergency outside air supply system 420. The normal vacuum breaking system 310 is the same as the normal vacuum breaking system 310 in the second embodiment. In the third embodiment, the emergency outside air supply system 420 is provided in place of the emergency outside air supply system 320 in the second embodiment. Other than this, it is the same as the second embodiment.

The emergency outside air supply system 420 has an emergency outside air supply pipe 421 and an emergency outside air supply valve 422 provided in the emergency outside air supply pipe 421. The first end of the emergency outside air supply pipe 421 is connected to the condenser main container 111. Further, the second end of the emergency outside air supply pipe 421 is open to the outside air.

The emergency outside air supply pipe 421 has a diameter similar to that of the emergency outside air supply pipe 321 in the second embodiment. Further, the emergency outside air supply valve 422 has a capacity similar to that of the emergency outside air supply valve 322 in the second embodiment.

As described above, the normal vacuum breaking system 310 and the emergency outside air supply system 320 in the second embodiment have the same configurations as the normal vacuum breaking system 310 and the emergency outside air supply system 420 in the third embodiment. And each capacity is the same combination. The difference between the two is that the normal vacuum breaking system 310 and the emergency outside air supply system 320 in the second embodiment are both connected to the turbine exhaust inlet portion 101, whereas in the third embodiment, they are connected to each other. Normally, the vacuum breaking system 310 is connected to the turbine exhaust inlet portion 101, while the emergency outside air supply system 420 is connected to the condenser main body container 111.

Such a difference increases the degree of freedom in the configuration of the condenser outside air supply system 300 and the condenser outside air supply system 400, and brings about an increase in the range of arrangement and preparation. Further, when the inflow points of the outside air by the normal vacuum breaking system 310 and the emergency outside air supply system 420 are close to each other, the interference of the mutual flows at the inflow points may cause a pressure loss and reduce the flow rate. In this embodiment, there is no such effect.

[Fourth Embodiment]
FIG. 8 is a system diagram showing the configuration of the direct contact type condenser according to the fourth embodiment. This embodiment is a modification of the first embodiment. In the first embodiment, the condenser outside air supply system 200 is connected to the turbine exhaust inlet portion 101, but in the fourth embodiment, the condenser outside air supply system 500 is the condenser main body container. The difference is that it is connected to 111. In other respects, the fourth embodiment is similar to the first embodiment.

The condenser outside air supply system 500 in the fourth embodiment usually has a vacuum breaking system 510 and an emergency outside air supply system 520.

The normal vacuum break system 510 has a normal outside air supply pipe 511 and a normal vacuum break valve 512. The normal outside air supply pipe 511 has a normal outside air supply large diameter pipe 511a and a normal outside air supply small diameter pipe 511b connected in series with each other via a reducer 511c. The normal vacuum break valve 512 is usually provided in the outside air supply small diameter pipe 511b.

Normally, the first end of the outside air supply large diameter pipe 511a is connected to the condenser main body container 111, and the second end is connected to the large diameter side of the reducer 511c. Further, normally, the first end of the outside air supply small diameter pipe 511b is connected to the small diameter side of the reducer 511c, and the second end is open to the outside air.

The emergency outside air supply system 520 has an emergency outside air supply pipe 521 and an emergency outside air supply valve 522 provided in the emergency outside air supply pipe 521. The first end of the emergency outside air supply pipe 521 is normally connected to the outside air supply large diameter pipe 511a, and the second end is open to the outside air.

Here, the normal vacuum breaking system 510 has the same capacity as the normal vacuum breaking system 210 in the first embodiment with respect to the introduction of outside air into the condenser main body container 111. Further, the emergency outside air supply system 520 has the same capacity as the emergency outside air supply system 220 in the first embodiment for introducing outside air into the condenser main body container 111.

In the fourth embodiment, the object to which the condenser outside air supply system 500 is connected is the condenser main body container 111, which is the most downstream part of the turbine exhaust. That is, the part where the pressure is the lowest is the part where the differential pressure from the outside air is the largest. As a result, it is advantageous in securing the inflow rate of the outside air.

[Fifth Embodiment]
FIG. 9 is a system diagram showing the configuration of the direct contact type condenser according to the fifth embodiment. The fifth embodiment is a modification of the fourth embodiment, and the condenser outside air supply system 600 is provided in place of the condenser outside air supply system 500 in the fourth embodiment. The condenser outside air supply system 600 has a normal vacuum breaking system 610 and an emergency outside air supply system 420, and the normal vacuum breaking system 610 and the emergency outside air supply system 420 are independent of each other, and each of them is a condenser main body. It differs from the fourth embodiment in that it is connected to the container 111. In other respects, it is the same as the fourth embodiment.

The normal vacuum breaking system 610 has a normal outside air supply pipe 611 and a normal vacuum breaking valve 612 provided in the normal outside air supply pipe 611. Normally, the first end of the outside air supply pipe 611 is connected to the condenser main body container 111, and the second end is open to the outside air. The normal outside air supply pipe 611 has a diameter similar to that of the normal outside air supply small diameter pipe 511b in the fourth embodiment. Further, the normal vacuum break valve 612 has a capacity similar to that of the normal vacuum break valve 512 in the fourth embodiment.

The emergency outside air supply system 420 is the same as that of the third embodiment.

In the present embodiment, the effect of the normal vacuum breaking system 610 and the emergency outside air supply system 420 being configured independently of each other is the same as that of the second embodiment. Further, in the present embodiment, the effect of connecting the condenser outside air supply system 600 to the condenser main body container 111 is the same as that of the fourth embodiment. That is, the fifth embodiment has the effects of the second embodiment and the fourth embodiment at the same time.

10 ... Steam turbine, 100 ... Direct contact type condenser, 101 ... Condenser exhaust inlet, 110 ... Condenser, 111 ... Condenser main body container, 111s ... Closed space, 111w ... Hot well, 112 ... Cooling water spraying Part, 113 ... Condenser water chamber, 115 ... Condenser side pit, 120 ... Condensation return system, 121 ... Condenser return pipe, 122 ... Condensing water pump, 123 ... Circulating water pump outlet valve, 130 ... Cooling tower, 131 ... open container, 131a ... upper opening, 131b ... lower opening, 132 ... sprinkler pipe, 133 ... cooling fan, 134 ... dam, 140 ... cooling water supply system, 141 ... cooling water supply pipe, 142 ... cooling water supply valve, 200 Condenser outside air supply system, 210 ... normal vacuum break system, 211 ... normal outside air supply pipe, 211a ... normal outside air supply large diameter pipe, 211b ... normal outside air supply small diameter pipe, 211c ... reducer, 212 ... normal vacuum break valve, 220 ... emergency outside air supply system, 221 ... emergency outside air supply pipe, 222 ... emergency outside air supply valve, 230 ... condenser water level measurement system, 240 ... condenser outside air supply control unit, 241 ... set value storage unit, 242 ... collation Unit 243 ... Judgment unit 244 ... Command unit, 300 ... Condenser outside air supply system, 310 ... Normal vacuum break system 311 ... Normal outside air supply pipe 312 ... Normal vacuum break valve, 320 ... Emergency outside air supply system, 321 ... emergency outside air supply pipe, 322 ... emergency outside air supply valve, 400 ... condenser outside air supply system, 420 ... emergency outside air supply system, 421 ... emergency outside air supply pipe, 422 ... emergency outside air supply valve, 500 ... condenser outside air supply System, 510 ... Normal vacuum break system, 511 ... Normal outside air supply pipe, 511a ... Normal outside air supply large diameter pipe, 511b ... Normal outside air supply small diameter pipe, 511c ... Reducer, 512 ... Normal vacuum break valve, 520 ... Emergency outside air supply system 521 ... Emergency outside air supply pipe 522 ... Emergency outside air supply valve, 600 ... Condenser outside air supply system, 610 ... Normal vacuum break system, 611 ... Normal outside air supply pipe, 612 ... Normal vacuum break valve

Claims (6)

It has a turbine exhaust inlet portion into which turbine exhaust from a steam turbine flows in and a condenser main body container that receives the turbine exhaust via the turbine exhaust inlet portion, receives the turbine exhaust, and injects cooling water. A condenser that condenses the steam in the turbine exhaust to restore water,
A cooling tower that receives the condensed water condensed by the condenser, cools it, and holds it as the cooling water.
A condensate return pipe for transferring the condensate from the condenser to the cooling tower, and at least one circulating water pump provided in the condensate return pipe.
A cooling water supply pipe for transferring the cooling water from the cooling tower to the water recovery device, a cooling water supply valve provided in the cooling water supply pipe, and a cooling water supply valve.
The condenser outside air supply system for increasing the pressure inside the condenser to atmospheric pressure,
It is a direct contact type condenser equipped with
The condenser has a cooling water spraying portion that sprays the cooling water into the condenser of the condenser to maintain the pressure in the condenser at a negative pressure.
The condenser outside air supply system is
With a normal vacuum breaking system having a normal outside air supply pipe and a normal vacuum breaking valve provided in the normal outside air supply pipe and used for returning the pressure in the vessel to atmospheric pressure when the steam turbine is stopped. ,
The emergency outside air supply pipe and the emergency outside air supply valve provided in the emergency outside air supply pipe are provided , and the water level of the condenser exceeds a preset water level despite the operation of the normal vacuum breaking system. An emergency outside air supply system that operates in addition to the normal vacuum break system and has a larger capacity than the normal vacuum break system.
A direct contact type condenser, characterized in that it is equipped with. The first end of the normal outside air supply pipe is connected to the turbine exhaust inlet portion, and the second end of the normal outside air supply pipe is open to the atmosphere.
The first end of the emergency outside air supply pipe is connected to the normal outside air supply pipe between the first end of the normal outside air supply pipe and the normal vacuum break valve, and the first of the emergency outside air supply pipes. The end of 2 is open to the atmosphere,
The direct contact type condenser according to claim 1. The first end of the normal outside air supply pipe is connected to the turbine exhaust inlet portion, and the second end of the normal outside air supply pipe is open to the atmosphere.
The first end of the emergency outside air supply pipe is connected to the turbine exhaust inlet portion, and the second end of the emergency outside air supply pipe is open to the atmosphere.
The direct contact type condenser according to claim 1. The first end of the normal outside air supply pipe is connected to the turbine exhaust inlet portion, and the second end of the normal outside air supply pipe is open to the atmosphere.
The first end of the emergency outside air supply pipe is connected to the condenser main body container, and the second end of the emergency outside air supply pipe is open to the atmosphere.
The direct contact type condenser according to claim 1. The first end of the normal outside air supply pipe is connected to the condenser main body container, and the second end of the normal outside air supply pipe is open to the atmosphere.
The first end of the emergency outside air supply pipe is connected to the normal outside air supply pipe between the first end of the normal outside air supply pipe and the normal vacuum break valve, and the first of the emergency outside air supply pipes. The end of 2 is open to the atmosphere,
The direct contact type condenser according to claim 1. The first end of the normal outside air supply pipe is connected to the condenser main body container, and the second end of the normal outside air supply pipe is open to the atmosphere.
The first end of the emergency outside air supply pipe is connected to the condenser main body container, and the second end of the emergency outside air supply pipe is open to the atmosphere.
The direct contact type condenser according to claim 1.

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