JP7086121B2 - 波長帯選択による画像化を用いた尿管検出 - Google Patents
波長帯選択による画像化を用いた尿管検出 Download PDFInfo
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Description
Guidance Using Near-Infrared Fluorescence,” J. Urol. 178(5), pgs.2197-2201(2007)には、インドシアニングリーン(ICG)、及びLI-COR(Lincoln, NE)からのCW800-CA、カルボン酸形態であるIRDye(登録商標)CW800 NIR色素をNIRフルオロフォアとしてとして使用することが記載されている。Aya
Matsui、M.D.らの、”Real-Time Near-Infrared
Fluorescence-Guided Identification of the Ureters using Methylene Blue,” Surgery,
148(1) pgs.78-86(2010)には、NIRフルオロフォアとしてメチレンブルーを使用することが記載されている。
Infrared Imaging," Journal of Endourology, Vol.15, No.1, pgs.111-116(2001)を参照されたい。
フルオロフォアの導入、温度差の生成、尿管への物体の導入、又は放射性色素の導入を必要とする、尿管の位置特定するために使用される既知の技術とは異なり、尿管解析モジュール135は、尿管によって反射された反射光を使用して尿管の位置特定を行う。尿管による及び尿管の周囲の組織による光の選択的反射を使用して、尿管を安全且つ効率的に画像化する。こうして、カテーテルを照明することなく、又は例えば外因性フルオロフォア又は放射性色素の投与の必要なしに、内因性コントラストを使用して尿管を視覚化する。
In Symposium of Medical Image Registration methods, (1996)を参照されたい。そして、この文献は参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。また、Sotirasらの、”Deformable Medical Image Registration:
A Survey,” IEEE Trans Med Imaging, 32(7), pp.1153-1190, (July 2013)も参照されたい。そして、この文献も参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
ここで、帯域1、帯域2、及び帯域3は、それぞれ、低、中、及び高波長帯で取り込まれた手術部位のシーンを表す波長帯域信号であり、
UB1、UB2、及びUB3は、複数の波長帯域信号(帯域1、帯域2、及び帯域3)を尿管信号(ureter)に変換する第1の複数の重みであり、
NB1、NB2、NB3は、複数の波長帯域信号(帯域1、帯域2、及び帯域3)を非尿管信号(non-ureter)に変換する第2の複数の重みである。
ここで、DUは、尿管信号を選択するための行列であり、
BUは、N個の尿管サンプルについて3つの波長帯のそれぞれで取り込まれるフレームの行列であり、
DNは、非尿管信号を選択するための行列であり、
BNは、M個の非尿管サンプルについて3つの波長帯のそれぞれで取り込まれるフレームの行列であり、
pinvは、疑似逆行列である。
[実施例1]
方法であって、当該方法は、
複数の手術部位のシーンを取り込むステップであって、前記複数の手術部位のシーンのそれぞれは、異なる複数の光スペクトルを有する反射光から取り込まれる、取り込むステップと、
該取り込まれた複数の手術部位のシーンを解析して、前記取り込まれた手術部位のシーン内の尿管組織を識別するステップと、を含む、
方法。
[実施例2]
人為的に強調された前記尿管組織を含む前記手術部位のシーンを表示装置上に表示するステップをさらに含む、実施例1に記載の方法。
[実施例3]
複数の異なる光スペクトルで手術部位を照射するステップをさらに含む、実施例1に記載の方法。
[実施例4]
前記手術部位を照射するステップは、前記複数の異なる光スペクトルのうちの少なくとも2つで前記手術部位を順次に照射するステップを含む、実施例3に記載の方法。
[実施例5]
前記手術部位を照射するステップは、
450nm~580nmの範囲の波長の第1の光スペクトルで前記手術部位を照射するステップと、
640nm~750nmの範囲の波長の第2の光スペクトルで前記手術部位を照射するステップと、
900nm~1080nmの範囲の波長の第3の光スペクトルで前記手術部位を照射するステップと、を含む、実施例3に記載の方法。
[実施例6]
前記手術部位を照射するステップは、
450nm~580nmの範囲の波長の第1の光スペクトルで前記手術部位を照射するステップと、
640nm~750nmの範囲の波長の光スペクトルで前記手術部位を照射する波長の第2の光スペクトルで前記手術部位を照射するステップと、を含む、実施例3に記載の方法。
[実施例7]
前記解析するステップは、
前記取り込まれた複数の手術部位のシーンのそれぞれの前記手術部位のシーン内の位置を尿管信号に変換するステップと、
前記尿管信号が前記位置における尿管組織を示すかどうかを判定するステップと、をさらに含む、実施例1に記載の方法。
[実施例8]
前記判定するステップは、前記尿管信号を閾値と比較するステップを含む、実施例7に記載の方法。
[実施例9]
前記判定するステップは、前記尿管信号と非尿管信号との比を閾値と比較するステップを含む、実施例7に記載の方法。
[実施例10]
前記解析するステップは、尿管信号を閾値と比較するステップを含む、実施例1に記載の方法。
[実施例11]
前記解析するステップは、尿管信号及び非尿管信号の比を閾値と比較するステップを含む、実施例1に記載の方法。
[実施例12]
前記尿管組織は、フルオロフォア及び放射性色素とは異なる色素で処理される、実施例1に記載の方法。
[実施例13]
前記色素は、フェナゾピリジンである、実施例12に記載の方法。
[実施例14]
手術システムであって、当該手術システムは、
複数の手術部位のシーンを取り込むように構成された画像取込システムであって、前記複数の手術部位のシーンの各手術部位のシーンが、複数の波長帯のうちの異なる波長帯の反射光から取り込まれる、画像取込システムと、
前記画像取込システムに結合される尿管解析モジュールであって、前記取り込まれた手術部位のシーン内の尿管組織を識別するように構成される尿管解析モジュールと、を有する、
手術システム。
[実施例15]
照明器をさらに有しており、該照明器は、前記複数の異なる波長帯のそれぞれで手術部位を照射するように構成される、実施例14に記載の手術システム。
[実施例16]
前記尿管解析モジュールに結合される表示装置をさらに有しており、
該表示装置は、尿管を強調表示した状態で手術部位のシーンを表示するように構成される、実施例14に記載の手術システム。
[実施例17]
手術システムであって、当該手術システムは、
複数の手術部位のシーンを取り込む手段であって、前記複数の手術部位のシーンのそれぞれが、異なる光スペクトルを有する反射光から取り込まれる、取り込む手段と、
該取り込まれた複数の手術部位のシーンを解析して、前記取り込まれた手術部位のシーン内の尿管組織を識別する手段と、を含む、
手術システム。
[実施例18]
人為的に強調された前記尿管組織を含む手術部位のシーンを表示装置上に表示する手段をさらに含む、実施例17に記載の手術システム。
[実施例19]
複数の異なる光スペクトルで手術部位を照射する手段をさらに含む、実施例17に記載の手術システム。
[実施例20]
前記解析する手段は、前記取り込まれた複数の手術部位のシーンのそれぞれの前記手術部位のシーン内の位置を尿管信号に変換する手段と、
前記尿管信号が前記位置における尿管組織を示すかどうかを判定する手段と、をさらに含む、実施例17に記載の手術システム。
Claims (9)
- 手術システムであって、当該手術システムは、
命令を記憶するメモリと、
前記命令を実行するように構成されたプロセッサと、を有しており、
該プロセッサは、
画像取込センサに指示して、患者内の構造体の完全に外側で手術部位の複数のシーンを取り込むことであって、該手術部位の複数のシーンの手術部位の各シーンは、複数の波長帯のうちの異なる波長帯の反射光から生成され、前記複数の波長帯の各波長帯が、前記構造体の構造組織及び前記構造体の外側の非構造組織に向けて放射され前記構造組織及び前記非構造組織によって反射される、取り込むことと、
検出モジュールに指示して、前記取り込まれた手術部位のシーン内の手術部位の各シーンのスペクトル反射率同士の間の差を検出することと、
前記取り込まれた手術部位のシーン内の手術部位の各シーンの異なるスペクトル反射率同士の間の検出された差に基づいて、前記取り込まれた手術部位のシーン内の前記構造組織に対応するピクセルと、前記取り込まれた手術部位のシーン内の前記構造体の外部の非構造組織に対応するピクセルとを識別することと、を行うための前記命令を実行するように構成され、
前記構造体は尿管であり、
前記構造組織は前記尿管の尿管組織であり、
前記非構造組織は、前記尿管の外部の非尿管組織である、
手術システム。 - 前記プロセッサは、
表示装置に指示して、前記手術部位の複数のシーンに含まれる手術部位のシーンを表示させることと、
前記表示された手術部位のシーン内の前記構造組織に対応する前記ピクセルを人為的に強調表示させることと、を行うための前記命令を実行するようにさらに構成される、請求項1に記載の手術システム。 - 前記プロセッサは、照明器に指示して、複数の異なる光スペクトルで手術部位を照射することを行うための前記命令を実行するようにさらに構成される、請求項1に記載の手術システム。
- 前記照明器に指示して前記手術部位を照射することは、前記照明器に指示して、前記複数の異なる光スペクトルのうちの少なくとも2つで前記手術部位を順次に照射することを含む、請求項3に記載の手術システム。
- 前記照明器に指示して前記手術部位を照射することは、前記照明器に指示して、
450nm~580nmの範囲の波長の第1の光スペクトルで前記手術部位を照射することと、
640nm~750nmの範囲の波長の第2の光スペクトルで前記手術部位を照射することと、
900nm~1080nmの範囲の波長の第3の光スペクトルで前記手術部位を照射することと、を含む、請求項3に記載の手術システム。 - 前記照明器に指示して前記手術部位を照射することは、前記照明器に指示して、
450nm~580nmの範囲の波長の第1の光スペクトルで前記手術部位を照射することと、
640nm~750nmの範囲の波長の光スペクトルで前記手術部位を照射する波長の第2の光スペクトルで前記手術部位を照射することと、を含む、請求項3に記載の手術システム。 - 前記識別することは、
前記取り込まれた手術部位の複数のシーンの前記構造体及び前記非構造組織の位置を前記構造体に関する構造体信号及び前記非構造組織に関する非構造体信号に変換することと、
前記構造体信号が前記位置における前記構造組織を示すかどうかを判定することと、ことを含む、請求項1に記載の手術システム。 - 前記識別することは、前記構造体信号を閾値と比較することを含む、請求項7に記載の手術システム。
- 前記識別することは、前記構造体信号と前記非構造体信号の比を閾値と比較することを含む、請求項7に記載の手術システム。
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