JP7076332B2 - Compressor and equipment equipped with it - Google Patents

Compressor and equipment equipped with it Download PDF

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JP7076332B2
JP7076332B2 JP2018159907A JP2018159907A JP7076332B2 JP 7076332 B2 JP7076332 B2 JP 7076332B2 JP 2018159907 A JP2018159907 A JP 2018159907A JP 2018159907 A JP2018159907 A JP 2018159907A JP 7076332 B2 JP7076332 B2 JP 7076332B2
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piston
dead center
cylinder
inclination
recess
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JP2020033914A (en
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海斗 堀田
啓愛 鈴木
遵自 鈴木
修平 永田
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ジーエムシーシー アンド ウェリング アプライアンス コンポーネント （タイランド） カンパニー リミテッド
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Priority to CN201910157672.6A priority patent/CN110873039B/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/02—Lubrication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)

Description

本発明は、圧縮機及びこれを備える機器に関する。 The present invention relates to a compressor and a device including the compressor.

ピストンとシリンダ間の摩擦を低減させるため、油膜による流体潤滑を行う圧縮機が広く知られている。流体潤滑のためにはピストンとシリンダ間に十分な潤滑油が入り込む必要がある。特許文献１では、シリンダ５ａの端面に面取り５ａａが設けられている（図４）。 Compressors that perform fluid lubrication with an oil film to reduce friction between the piston and cylinder are widely known. Sufficient lubricating oil must enter between the piston and cylinder for fluid lubrication. In Patent Document 1, a chamfer 5aa is provided on the end face of the cylinder 5a (FIG. 4).

特開２０１２－４１８７９号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-41879

ピストン下部は上部と比べ潤滑油に触れる機会が少なく、油膜の形成が不完全になる場合がある。しかし、特許文献１の面取り５ａａは、シリンダの下死点側の端部が開放されており、潤滑油が下死点側に流れ出す構造である。このため、潤滑油をピストン下側に貯留することが困難である。 The lower part of the piston has less chance of coming into contact with the lubricating oil than the upper part, and the formation of the oil film may be incomplete. However, the chamfer 5aa of Patent Document 1 has a structure in which the end portion on the bottom dead center side of the cylinder is open and the lubricating oil flows out to the bottom dead center side. Therefore, it is difficult to store the lubricating oil under the piston.

上記事情に鑑みてなされた本発明は、
ピストンと、
該ピストンが摺動するシリンダと、を有し、
前記シリンダの内周下側にポケット状の凹部を有する圧縮機である。 The present invention made in view of the above circumstances is
With the piston
It has a cylinder on which the piston slides.
A compressor having a pocket-shaped recess on the lower side of the inner circumference of the cylinder.

ピストン部の鉛直方向断面図Vertical sectional view of the piston part ピストン部とシリンダの鉛直方向断面図Vertical sectional view of the piston and cylinder ピストン部とシリンダの鉛直方向断面拡大図Enlarged view of the vertical cross section of the piston and cylinder ピストン部とシリンダを下死点側から見た図View of the piston and cylinder from the bottom dead center side ピストン部とシリンダを下死点側から見た図View of the piston and cylinder from the bottom dead center side ピストン部とシリンダの鉛直方向断面拡大図Enlarged view of the vertical cross section of the piston and cylinder

以下、添付の図面を参照しつつ本発明の実施例を詳細に説明する。同様の構成要素には同様の符号を付し、また、同様の説明は繰り返さない。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Similar components are designated by the same reference numerals, and the same description is not repeated.

本発明の各種の構成要素は、必ずしも個々に独立した存在である必要はなく、複数の構成要素が一個の部材として形成されていること、一つの構成要素が複数の部材で形成されていること、或る構成要素が他の構成要素の一部であること、或る構成要素の一部と他の構成要素の一部とが重複していること、等を許容する。 The various components of the present invention do not necessarily have to be individually independent, and a plurality of components are formed as one member, and one component is formed of a plurality of members. It is permissible that one component is part of another, that part of one component overlaps with some of another component, and so on.

図１は本実施例のピストン部の鉛直方向断面図である。ピストン部１００は、ピストンピン１０２を嵌装させることが可能な孔を有するピストン１０１と、鉛直方向に貫通した油路穴１０２１を持つピストンピン１０２と、ピストンピン１０２が嵌装されたコネクティングロッド１０３と、を備える。 FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the piston portion of this embodiment. The piston portion 100 includes a piston 101 having a hole into which the piston pin 102 can be fitted, a piston pin 102 having an oil passage hole 1021 penetrating in the vertical direction, and a connecting rod 103 to which the piston pin 102 is fitted. And prepare.

図２は本実施例のピストン部１００とシリンダ２００の鉛直方向断面図である。シリンダ２００は、内周をピストン１０１が摺動可能な壁を有しており、上側壁２１０と下側壁２２０とを含む周壁と、上死点側端部に位置しピストン１０３の頂面と対向する閉塞壁２３０とを有する。 FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the piston portion 100 and the cylinder 200 of this embodiment. The cylinder 200 has a wall on which the piston 101 can slide on the inner circumference, and is located at the peripheral wall including the upper side wall 210 and the lower side wall 220 and the end on the top dead center side and faces the top surface of the piston 103. It has an obstruction wall 230.

シリンダ２００の下側内周には、潤滑油を貯留可能にポケット状に形成された凹部２０１を有し、凹部２０１の真上より上死点側には、上側壁２１０の下死点側端面が位置する。そして、ピストン１０１の下死点位置では、油路穴１０２１の下方に凹部２０１が位置する。 The lower inner circumference of the cylinder 200 has a recess 201 formed in a pocket shape so as to be able to store lubricating oil, and the bottom dead center side end face of the upper side wall 210 is on the top dead center side from directly above the recess 201. Is located. Then, at the bottom dead center position of the piston 101, the recess 201 is located below the oil passage hole 1021.

ここで、潤滑油（不図示）は、オイルポンプ（不図示）によって噴射され、シリンダ２００やピストン１００の上面に付着したり滴下したりする。潤滑油は、ここからピストン１０１の側周や油路穴１０２１を伝っていき、一部は凹部２０１に滴下して溜められる。ピストン１０１が上死点に向かって運動すると、凹部２０１内の潤滑油がこの運動に伴って移動して、ピストン１０１とシリンダ２００との隙間に運ばれる。 Here, the lubricating oil (not shown) is injected by an oil pump (not shown) and adheres to or drops on the upper surface of the cylinder 200 or the piston 100. Lubricating oil travels from here along the side circumference of the piston 101 and the oil passage hole 1021, and a part of the lubricating oil is dropped and stored in the recess 201. When the piston 101 moves toward the top dead center, the lubricating oil in the recess 201 moves with this movement and is carried to the gap between the piston 101 and the cylinder 200.

凹部２０１は、底部２０１３と、底部２０１３から上死点側に向かうにつれてピストン１０１に近付く上死点側傾斜２０１１と、底部２０１３から下死点側に向かうにつれてピストン１０１に近付く下死点側傾斜２０１２とを有する。鉛直方向断面視で、凹部２０１は三角形でも矩形型でもよい。凹部２０１は、例えばシリンダ２００の下側壁２２０をドリルで穿つことで形成できる。 The recess 201 has a bottom 2013, a top dead center side inclination 2011 that approaches the piston 101 from the bottom 2013 toward the top dead center side, and a bottom dead center side inclination 2012 that approaches the piston 101 from the bottom 2013 toward the bottom dead center side. And have. In a vertical cross-sectional view, the recess 201 may be triangular or rectangular. The recess 201 can be formed, for example, by drilling the lower side wall 220 of the cylinder 200.

図３は図２の鉛直方向断面図のピストン部１００と凹部２０１に着目した断面拡大図である。本実施例では、上死点側傾斜２０１１は、底部２０１３に向かって角度θでピストン１０１から離れる方向に傾斜している。このことにより、ピストン部１００に付着した潤滑油が往復運動によりピストン部１００とシリンダ２００の隙間に運ばれやすくなる。凹部２０１とシリンダの上死点側の境界のすべてがこの傾斜を持ってもよいし、一部でもよい。 FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view focusing on the piston portion 100 and the recess 201 in the vertical cross-sectional view of FIG. 2. In this embodiment, the top dead center side inclination 2011 is inclined toward the bottom 2013 at an angle θ in a direction away from the piston 101. As a result, the lubricating oil adhering to the piston portion 100 is easily carried to the gap between the piston portion 100 and the cylinder 200 by the reciprocating motion. All of the boundaries between the recess 201 and the cylinder on the top dead center side may have this inclination or may be a part of it.

ピストン１０１がシリンダ２００内を往復運動することで、シリンダ２００内の流体の圧縮と膨張を行う。シリンダ２００の内側とピストン部１００の外側で圧力差が生じる。図３では凹部２０１の形状は底部を角とした逆三角形になっている。このような凹部２０１とシリンダの下死点側の境界に傾斜があることで、圧縮工程にて差圧が発生する場合、シリンダ２００の内側の圧力がピストン部１００の外側の圧力より大きくなるため、上死点側から下死点方向へ、凹部２０１の底部に沿って潤滑油の流れが生じ、潤滑油がピストン部１００に付着しやすくなる。その後、ピストン部１００に付着した潤滑油が往復運動によりピストン部１００とシリンダ２００の隙間に運ばれやすくなる。また吸入工程にて差圧が発生する場合、シリンダ２００の内側の圧力がピストン部１００の外側の圧力より小さくなるため、下死点方向から上死点側へ、凹部２０１の底部に沿って潤滑油の流れが生じ、圧力差によりピストン部１００とシリンダ２００の隙間に運ばれやすくなる。 The piston 101 reciprocates in the cylinder 200 to compress and expand the fluid in the cylinder 200. A pressure difference occurs between the inside of the cylinder 200 and the outside of the piston portion 100. In FIG. 3, the shape of the recess 201 is an inverted triangle with the bottom as a corner. When a differential pressure is generated in the compression process due to the inclination of the boundary between the recess 201 and the bottom dead center side of the cylinder, the pressure inside the cylinder 200 becomes larger than the pressure outside the piston portion 100. A flow of lubricating oil is generated along the bottom of the recess 201 from the top dead center side toward the bottom dead center, and the lubricating oil easily adheres to the piston portion 100. After that, the lubricating oil adhering to the piston portion 100 is easily carried to the gap between the piston portion 100 and the cylinder 200 by the reciprocating motion. Further, when a differential pressure is generated in the suction step, the pressure inside the cylinder 200 is smaller than the pressure outside the piston portion 100, so that lubrication is performed from the bottom dead center direction to the top dead center side along the bottom of the recess 201. An oil flow is generated, and the pressure difference makes it easy to be carried to the gap between the piston portion 100 and the cylinder 200.

図４Ａ、図４Ｂはピストン部１００とシリンダ２００を下死点側から見た図である。凹部２０１は、底部２０１３から左右方向それぞれに向かうにつれてピストン１０１に近付く左側傾斜２０１４、右側傾斜２０１５を有し、これらはそれぞれ角度φの傾斜を有する。傾斜は左側と右側夫々で異なる角度でもよい。本実施例では、不等式θ＜φが成立する。 4A and 4B are views of the piston portion 100 and the cylinder 200 as viewed from the bottom dead center side. The recess 201 has a left-side tilt 2014 and a right-side tilt 2015 that approach the piston 101 as they move from the bottom 2013 in each of the left-right directions, each of which has a tilt of an angle φ. The inclination may be different on the left side and the right side. In this embodiment, the inequality θ <φ holds.

凹部２０１の形状は図４Ａのように、底部２０１３が略一点で与えられる円錐形でもよいし、図４Ｂのように面状の底部２０１３となる形状でもよい（図４Ｂでは、左右方向を軸方向とする三角柱である）。その他、凹部２０１はシリンダ周方向を例えば一周する円環溝でもよい（底部２０１３が一点、かつφ＝１８０°の凹部２０１が集合したものに相当すると考えることができる）。
本実施例の圧縮機は、冷蔵庫、空気調和機等種々の機器に適用できる。 The shape of the recess 201 may be a conical shape in which the bottom portion 2013 is provided at substantially one point as shown in FIG. 4A, or may be a shape in which the bottom portion 2013 is a planar shape as shown in FIG. 4B (in FIG. 4B, the left-right direction is the axial direction). It is a triangular prism). In addition, the recess 201 may be an annular groove that goes around the cylinder in the circumferential direction, for example (it can be considered that the bottom 2013 corresponds to one point and the recesses 201 having φ = 180 ° are gathered together).
The compressor of this embodiment can be applied to various devices such as a refrigerator and an air conditioner.

本実施例の構成は次の点を除き実施例１と同様にできる。図５は、本実施例の鉛直方向断面図のピストン部１００と凹部２０１に着目した断面拡大図である。上死点側傾斜２０１１１は、ピストン１０１に近い側で傾斜が緩く、底部２０１３に近付くにつれて傾斜が急峻になる。例えば、上死点側から底部２０１３にかけて一定の曲率となるようにすることができる。 The configuration of this embodiment can be the same as that of the first embodiment except for the following points. FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view focusing on the piston portion 100 and the recess 201 in the vertical cross-sectional view of this embodiment. The top dead center side inclination 20111 has a gentle inclination on the side close to the piston 101, and the inclination becomes steeper as it approaches the bottom 2013. For example, the curvature can be made constant from the top dead center side to the bottom 2013.

１００…ピストン部
１０１…ピストン
１０２…ピストンピン
１０２１…油路穴
１０３…コネクティングロッド
２００…シリンダ
２０１…凹部
２０１１…上死点側傾斜
２０１２…下死点側傾斜
２０１３…底部
２０１４…左側傾斜
２０１５…右側傾斜 100 ... Piston part 101 ... Piston 102 ... Piston pin 1021 ... Oil passage hole 103 ... Connecting rod 200 ... Cylinder 201 ... Recession 2011 ... Top dead center side inclination 2012 ... Bottom dead center side inclination 2013 ... Bottom part 2014 ... Left side inclination 2015 ... Right side Inclined

Claims (7)

ピストン部と、
該ピストン部が摺動するシリンダと、を有し、
前記シリンダの内周下側にポケット状の凹部を有し、
前記ピストン部は、鉛直方向に貫通した油路穴を有し、
前記ピストン部の下死点で、前記油路穴と前記凹部とが鉛直方向に重なる、圧縮機。 With the piston part
It has a cylinder on which the piston portion slides, and has
It has a pocket-shaped recess on the lower side of the inner circumference of the cylinder.
The piston portion has an oil passage hole penetrating in the vertical direction.
A compressor in which the oil passage hole and the concave portion overlap in the vertical direction at the bottom dead center of the piston portion . 前記ピストン部は、
ピストンピンと、
前記ピストンピンを嵌装させることが可能な孔を有するピストンと、
前記ピストンピンが嵌装されたコネクティングロッドと、を有し、
前記油路穴は、前記ピストンピンに設けられていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の圧縮機。 The piston part is
With the piston pin,
A piston having a hole into which the piston pin can be fitted,
With a connecting rod fitted with the piston pin,
The compressor according to claim 1 , wherein the oil passage hole is provided in the piston pin . 前記シリンダは、前記ピストン部が摺動可能な周壁として上側壁と下側壁とを有し、
前記下側壁に前記凹部が位置し、
前記凹部の鉛直上方より上死点側に、前記上側壁の下死点側の端面が位置することを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の圧縮機。 The cylinder has an upper side wall and a lower side wall as a peripheral wall on which the piston portion can slide.
The recess is located on the lower wall
The compressor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the end face on the lower dead center side of the upper side wall is located on the upper dead center side from vertically above the recess. 前記ポケット状の凹部として、
底部と、
該底部から上死点側に向かうにつれて前記ピストン部に近付く方向に傾斜した上死点側傾斜、及び／又は
該底部から下死点側に向かうにつれて前記ピストン部に近付く方向に傾斜した下死点側傾斜を有することを特徴とする請求項１乃至３何れか一項に記載の圧縮機。 As the pocket-shaped recess,
At the bottom,
Top dead center tilted toward the top dead center side from the bottom and / or bottom dead center tilted toward the piston portion toward the bottom dead center side from the bottom. The compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the compressor has a side inclination. 前記ポケット状の凹部として、さらに、
該底部から左側に向かうにつれて前記ピストン部に近付く方向に傾斜した左側傾斜、及び／又は
該底部から右側に向かうにつれて前記ピストン部に近付く方向に傾斜した右側傾斜を有し、
前記左側は、前記下死点側から前記シリンダを見た際に水平方向において左側となる一方側であり、前記右側は、前記左側とは反対の他方側であり、
前記上死点側傾斜の角度θと、前記左側傾斜又は前記右側傾斜の角度φとが、不等式θ＜φの関係を満たすことを特徴とする請求項４に記載の圧縮機。 As the pocket-shaped recess, further
It has a left-side tilt that slopes toward the piston as it goes from the bottom to the left, and / or a right-side slope that slopes toward the piston as it goes from the bottom to the right.
The left side is one side that is the left side in the horizontal direction when the cylinder is viewed from the bottom dead center side, and the right side is the other side opposite to the left side.
The compressor according to claim 4, wherein the angle θ of the top dead center side inclination and the angle φ of the left side inclination or the right side inclination satisfy the relationship of the inequality θ <φ. 前記上死点側傾斜の角度は、前記ピストン部側から前記底部に向かうにつれて急峻になることを特徴とする請求項４又は５に記載の圧縮機。 The compressor according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the angle of inclination toward the top dead center becomes steeper from the piston portion side toward the bottom portion. 請求項１乃至６何れか一項に記載の圧縮機を備える機器。 A device including the compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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