JP7051548B2 - building - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to, for example, a building having a ventilation structure utilizing an attic.

A roof structure is known in which a ventilation layer is provided in the attic, the ventilation layer is opened to the outside above a predetermined temperature, and the ventilation layer can be closed when the temperature falls below a predetermined temperature (for example,). See Patent Document 1).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2007-285029

In the roof structure, the ventilation layer can be opened at a high temperature to suppress an increase in the indoor temperature, and the ventilation layer can be closed at a low temperature to suppress a decrease in the indoor temperature.

However, in the above roof structure, since the ventilation layer in the attic does not communicate with the room, it is necessary to separately ventilate the room.

An object of the present invention is to provide a building that can effectively ventilate not only the attic but also the room, and at the same time, can suppress the temperature rise in the room.

In order to achieve the above object, the building according to the present invention is provided in the attic and has a slope, and the upper side has a ventilation layer communicating with the outside of the building through an opening and an outside air intake port provided in the lower part of the outer wall. The indoor air outlet provided in the upper part of the outer wall and the duct connecting the indoor air outlet to the lower part of the ventilation layer are provided , and the water flowing down in the ventilation layer having a gradient is the bottom of the duct. It was configured to flow into the gutters arranged in (Claim 1).

In the above building, the ventilation layer is provided between the upper and lower double metal folded plate materials , and rainwater or the like flowing down along the upper surface of the upper metal folded plate material having a slope flows into the gutter located outside the duct. The water flowing down along the upper surface of the lower metal folded plate having a slope may be configured to flow into the gutter arranged at the bottom of the duct (claim 2).

In the building, the opening may be openable and closable (Claim 3).

According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a building that can effectively ventilate not only the attic but also the room, and at the same time, can suppress the temperature rise in the room.

That is, in the building of the invention according to each claim of the present application, if the inside and outside temperature conditions are met, the outside air is taken into the room from the outside air intake port at the lower part of the outer wall, and the indoor air (hot air) raised by the convection in the room is the room air. Air circulation such that the duct and the ventilation layer are discharged from the outlet in this order makes it possible to perform ventilation without using a machine, and it is possible to reduce the air conditioning load and the ventilation power.

The speed of the indoor air flowing through the ventilation layer with a gradient is accelerated by the solar heat applied to the roof, and the above-mentioned air circulation is efficiently promoted by this acceleration. Therefore, especially in the summer and the middle season, the roof It can be greatly expected that the ventilation performance will be improved by utilizing the heat return from the roof as the power for air circulation.

In the building of the invention according to claim 2, even if moisture in the indoor air condenses in the ventilation layer, a waterproof line can be constructed by the metal folded plate material on the lower side, so that water leakage to the room is surely prevented. can do. Moreover, since the ventilation layer can be constructed with a relatively simple configuration, it is possible to expect improvement in workability and reduction in construction cost.

In the building of the invention according to claim 3, the heat insulating performance can be improved by closing the opening on the upper side of the ventilation layer. Such closure measures are particularly effective in winter when the temperature drops.

(A) is an explanatory view schematically showing the structure of the building according to the embodiment of the present invention, and (B) is a vertical sectional view schematically showing the structure of the roof portion of the building. (A) is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a main part of a modified example of the building, and (B) is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a main part of another modified example of the building.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

The building shown in FIG. 1 (A) is provided in the attic and has a slope, and the upper side has a ventilation layer 2 communicating with the outside of the building through an opening 1 and a plurality of outside air intake ports provided in the lower part of the outer wall 3. 4, a plurality of indoor air outlets 5 provided on the upper part of the outer wall 3, and a duct 6 connecting each indoor air outlet 5 to the lower part of the ventilation layer 2 are provided.

In such a building, if the inside and outside temperature conditions are met, the outside air is taken into the room from the outside air intake port 4 at the bottom of the outer wall 3, and the indoor air (hot air) that has risen due to indoor convection or the like is discharged from the room air outlet 5 to the duct 6 and Air circulation such that the ventilation layer 2 is discharged from the opening 1 to the outside of the building through the ventilation layer 2 in this order makes it possible to perform ventilation without using a machine, and it is possible to reduce the air conditioning load and the ventilation power.

Then, the speed of the indoor air flowing through the ventilation layer 2 having a gradient is accelerated by the solar heat applied to the roof, and the above-mentioned air circulation is efficiently promoted by this acceleration. It can be greatly expected that the ventilation performance will be improved by utilizing the heat return from the roof as the power for air circulation.

From the above, it is desirable to leave the ventilation layer 2 empty without arranging or filling it so as not to obstruct the flow of indoor air as much as possible.

As shown in FIG. 1 (B), if the ventilation layer 2 is provided between the upper and lower double metal folded plate materials (roofing materials) 7 and 8 constituting the roof, the moisture in the indoor air in the ventilation layer 2 is provided. Even if dew condensation occurs, the waterproof line can be constructed by the metal folded plate material 8 on the lower side, so that water leakage into the room can be reliably prevented. Moreover, in this case, since the ventilation layer 2 can be constructed while constructing the roof with a relatively simple configuration (double folded plates 7, 8), improvement in workability and reduction in construction cost can be expected. can.

Here, in the example shown in FIG. 1 (B), a spacer 9 is provided between the two 7 and 8 so that the upper metal folded plate 7 is in a floating state with respect to the lower metal folded plate 8. Moreover, both 7 and 8 are arranged so that the positions of the peaks and valleys of each match.

The upper metal folded plate material 7 exposed to the outside is made of, for example, a weather resistant steel plate, and the lower metal folded plate material 8 in which the valley portion receives dew condensation is made of, for example, a galvalume steel plate (registered trademark) resistant to rust (moisture). It is conceivable to configure.

Further, in the example shown in FIG. 1A, the opening 1, the outside air intake port 4, and the indoor air outlet 5 can be opened and closed by the opening / closing doors 1a, 4a, and 5a, respectively, and all the opening / closing doors are closed. The heat insulation performance of the building can be improved. Such closure measures are particularly effective in winter when the temperature drops.

Then, in order to effectively enhance the heat insulating performance of the building, as shown in FIG. 1 (A), heat insulating material is formed on the lower side (inside) of the lower metal folded plate material 8 by, for example, a glass wool board (mat). It is conceivable to provide the layer 10 and provide a heat insulating layer similar to this on the wall side as well as the ceiling side. Here, the heat insulating layer 10 may also serve as a sound absorbing layer.

On the other hand, the opening / closing doors 1a, 4a, and 5a may be opened / closed manually or automatically, but as shown in FIG. 1A, they are installed outdoors to measure the outdoor air temperature. Each opening / closing door 1a is based on the inside / outside air temperature (data) obtained from the outside air temperature sensor 11 and the inside / outside air temperature sensor 12 arranged near the opening 1 (roof) inside the opening / closing door 1a to measure the indoor air temperature. By automatically controlling (opening and closing) 4a and 5a, ventilation performance and heat insulation performance can be further improved. In this case, the conditions for opening and closing the opening / closing doors 1a, 4a, and 5a can be appropriately set.

As shown in FIG. 1 (A), the upper metal folded plate material 7 is longer than the lower metal folded plate material 8, and both ends thereof form an eave. Then, rainwater or the like flowing down along the upper surface (valley) of the upper metal folded plate material 7 having a gradient flows into the gutter 13.

Further, the water flowing down along the upper surface (valley) of the lower metal folded plate 8 having the same gradient (moisture mainly derived from dew condensation or the like) is collected in the waterproof pan 14 arranged at the bottom of the duct 6. It flows in. The waterproof pan 14 is also configured as a gutter and is pulled out of the duct 6 from an appropriate position.

The duct 6 is configured to seal the entire lower portion of the ventilation layer 2 (closely to the lower surface of the upper metal folded plate material 7), and the entire upper portion of the ventilation layer 2 is a separate duct 15 (FIG. 1 (FIG. 1). It is covered by A)) and is configured to allow air to flow in and out through only the opening 1 provided in the duct 15.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is needless to say that the present invention can be variously modified and implemented without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, the following modification examples can be given.

In the example of FIG. 1 (A), since the indoor air outlet 5 is provided only in the portion of the outer wall 3 located on the lower side of the ventilation layer 2 having a gradient, the indoor air outlet 5 is used as the ventilation layer 2. The duct 6 connected to the lower part can be compactly configured, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the indoor air outlet 5 is provided in the outer wall 3 in addition to the portion located on the lower side of the ventilation layer 2 having a gradient. At the same time, the duct 6 may be provided so as to extend in the outer peripheral direction of the outer wall 3.

In the above embodiment, the entire lower part of the ventilation layer 2 is sealed by the duct 6 (to prevent outside air from directly entering the lower part of the ventilation layer 2), but the duct 6 is not sealed (the duct 6 and the upper metal folded plate material 7). There may be a gap between the surface and the lower surface of the surface). In this case, since the outdoor air is introduced into the ventilation layer 2 through the gap between the duct 6 and the upper metal folded plate material 7, the ventilation layer 2 is introduced into the ventilation layer 2 from the indoor air from the indoor air outlet 5 and the above gap. Although outdoor air will flow in, even in this case, it is still possible to perform temperature difference ventilation by heat return from the roof.

The cross-sectional shape of the metal folded plate materials 7 and 8 is not limited to a mountain shape, and it is sufficient that the ventilation layer 2 can be provided between the metal folded plate materials 7 and 8. Further, as the upper and lower double metal folded plate materials 7 and 8, instead of the roofing material used for the folded plate roof, for example, a material obtained by removing the heat insulating material from a sandwich panel formed by sandwiching the heat insulating material between the exterior material and the interior material should be used. It is also possible to do it.

In the above embodiment, the ventilation layer 2 is provided between the upper and lower double metal folded plate materials 7 and 8, but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, instead of providing the lower metal folded plate material 8, the upper metal folded plate material 8 is provided. A waterproof layer may be formed by arranging a waterproof pan below the waterproof layer 7, and the ventilation layer 2 may be formed between the waterproof layer and the upper metal folded plate material 7.

A ventilation fan may be provided in any of the opening 1, the outside air intake port 4, and the indoor air outlet 5, and the ventilation fan may also serve as the opening / closing doors 1a, 4a, and 5a. Further, the opening / closing door 1a may also serve as a smoke exhaust door.

Although FIG. 1 (A) shows a building with a single-flow roof, the present invention is of course applicable to a building having a roof other than the single-flow roof. For example, FIG. 2 (A) shows a gable. An example applied to a building with a roof is shown. In this example, a ventilation tower 16 is provided on the upper part of the roof, and the ventilation tower 16 is provided with an opening 1 that is opened and closed by the opening / closing door 1a. That is, the ventilation tower 16 corresponds to the duct 15 in the example of FIG. 1 (A). When the light is collected by the ventilation tower 16, it is conceivable that at least the portion of the metal folded plate materials 7 and 8 located directly below the ventilation tower 16 is made of a translucent material (for example, polycarbonate). Further, in this case, if the heat insulating layer 10 interferes with daylighting, the heat insulating layer 10 may not be provided at a position directly below the ventilation tower building 16.

As shown in FIG. 2B, a descent portion 17 extending downward along the outer wall 3 by radial processing may be integrally provided at the end portions of the metal folded plate members 7 and 8 to be the roofing material. In this case, it is conceivable to provide a face plate 18 with a drain hole at the lower part of the descent portion 17. Further, in this case, it is conceivable that the opening 1 leading to the upper part of the ventilation layer 2 is formed by cutting out an appropriate position of the metal folded plate members 7 and 8, for example.

Needless to say, the above-mentioned modifications may be combined as appropriate.

1 Opening 1a Opening and closing door 2 Ventilation layer 3 Outer wall 4 Outside air intake port 4a Opening and closing door 5 Indoor air outlet 5a Opening and closing door 6 Duct 7 Upper metal folded plate material 8 Lower metal folded plate material 9 Spacer 10 Insulation layer 11 Outside air temperature sensor 12 Internal temperature sensor 13 Gutter 14 Waterproof pan 15 Duct 16 Ventilation tower 17 Descent 18 Face door plate

Claims (3)

It is installed in the attic, has a slope, and the upper side has a ventilation layer that communicates with the outside of the building through an opening.
The outside air intake provided at the bottom of the outer wall and
The indoor air outlet provided at the top of the outer wall and
A duct connecting the indoor air outlet to the lower part of the ventilation layer is provided .
A building configured so that the water flowing down the ventilation layer with a gradient flows into the gutter arranged at the bottom of the duct . The ventilation layer is provided between the upper and lower double metal folded plate materials , and rainwater or the like flowing down along the upper surface of the upper metal folded plate material having a gradient flows into the gutter located outside the duct and has a gradient. The building according to claim 1, wherein the water flowing down along the upper surface of the metal folded plate material on the lower side flows into the gutter arranged at the bottom of the duct . The building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the opening can be opened and closed.

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