JP7046342B1 - Hydrostatic pressure pressurizing device that can uniformly pressurize by dry processing - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hydrostatic pressure pressurizing device capable of precisely and evenly compressing from all directions as in a wet method while taking advantage of a dry method in which an object to be treated is not contaminated with a pressure medium in the hydrostatic pressure pressurizing method. do. SOLUTION: A molding mold of a pair of elastic materials to be fitted at a lower part and an upper part is fixedly installed on a main body 1 and a lid 2 of a high-pressure container, and an object to be processed is placed in a concave portion of a cylindrical lower molding mold with a bottom. Store. In the first step, the columnar upper molding die 7 is remotely inserted into the recess of the lower molding die 4 by a tapered guide mechanism as the lid is lowered, and in the second step, both are being lowered while the lid is lowered. The atmosphere in the space between the molding dies is vacuum exhausted so that the two molding dies are brought into close contact with each other without wrinkles. In the process, the entire inner surface of the upper molding die and the entire outer surface of the lower molding die are simultaneously pressurized with hydrostatic pressure by the same pressure medium entwined, thereby precisely compressing the object to be processed from all directions without directionality. [Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

The present invention is a processing device that pressurizes a pressure medium, which is a liquid fluid, with hydrostatic pressure in a state where the object to be treated is in non-contact state. It relates to a processing device that can be pressed.

When the object to be treated is sealed in a molding mold with low deformation resistance such as a rubber bag and submerged in a liquid pressure medium to apply hydraulic pressure, the surface of the treated product uniformly applies a pressing force equal to the hydraulic pressure. Received and compressed without directionality. Hydrostatic pressure pressurizing devices apply this Pascal's principle, and most of them are called cold isotropic pressurizing devices (CIP devices). This hydrostatic pressure method (CIP molding method) is classified into two types, a wet method and a dry method, depending on the relationship between the molding mold filled with powder and the pressure medium for transmitting pressure. In the wet method, a rubber mold with a lid, which is a molding mold, is filled with an object to be treated such as powder outside the high-pressure container, sealed, and then directly immersed in a pressure medium inside the high-pressure container to be placed on the outer surface of the molding mold. Molding is performed by applying a uniform isotropic pressure. In the dry method, pressure is transmitted through a pressurized rubber mold incorporated to seal the pressure medium inside the high-pressure container, and an object to be treated such as powder filled inside the molded rubber mold is molded. The dry method is divided into two types, the circumferential / shaft pressurization method and the peripheral pressurization method, depending on the direction in which the pressure acts. In the circumferential / shaft pressurization type, a hat-shaped pressurized rubber mold is used to pressurize the rubber mold from the normal direction of the outer peripheral surface and the axial direction of the upper surface (hereinafter referred to as "peripheral + axial pressurization"). Since a cylindrical pressurized rubber mold is used in the peripheral pressure type, the pressure is applied only in the normal direction of the outer peripheral surface of the rubber mold (hereinafter referred to as "circumferential pressure"). (Refer to Non-Patent Document 1 etc.)

In the wet method, it takes time and effort to remove the pressure medium by touching the liquid pressure medium in the process of filling the powder, pressurizing, taking out the processed product, etc., and the object to be treated may be contaminated with the pressure medium. Therefore, it is not suitable for mass production, and is used only for high-mix low-volume production and prototype research of complex shapes and large products.
In the dry method, the pressure is applied only in the normal direction of the outer peripheral surface and the axial direction of the upper surface in the case of the circumferential / axial pressurization type, and in the case of the peripheral pressurization type, the pressure is applied only in the normal direction of the outer peripheral surface. It has not been. In the case of an object to be treated having fluid properties, an isotropic pressure can be applied to the molded body, so that it is used only for powders having a small angle of repose. This method cannot be used for hydrostatic pressure pressurization of molded products such as powders and castings having a large angle of repose and assemblies such as anvils for molding hard materials. In modern industry, by limiting the objects to be handled, the peripheral pressure type that pressurizes only in the normal direction of the outer peripheral surface is often used. This is because the peripheral pressure method allows the filling of powder, pressurization, and removal of the processed product without touching the liquid pressure medium, so that automation is easy and suitable for mass production. The device used in the peripheral pressurization type is called a dry cold isotropic pressure pressurizing device (dry CIP device). (See Patent Document 1)

As a modification, the rubber mold with a lid, which is the molding mold of the wet method, is housed in the dry CIP device filled with a hard rubber medium, and while taking advantage of the dry type that is not contaminated by the pressure medium, from all directions. There is a search for a method that can be compressed completely without direction. However, in the rubber mold disclosed in Patent Document 2, even if the fitting protrusion of the lid is fitted into the communication hole of the recess after the molding material is filled in the recess of the mold body and sealed, the lower end of the fitting protrusion is closed. It is said that the molding material cannot be filled in the portion (the portion recessed upward in a spherical shape). In the rubber mold disclosed in Patent Document 3 by further improving this, the cavity (molding chamber) in the rubber mold is not a true sphere but a vertically long egg shape, and a central extra length portion is provided to provide upper and lower uneven portions. We tried to solve the problem by making it hemispherical, but it has not been put into practical use. Also, under the term hydrostatic pressure method, the pressure medium is limited to at least fluids (liquid and gas), so a solid hard rubber pressure medium like this method has no direction at that stage. It cannot be said that it is a hydrostatic pressure method of compressing. That is, the prior art has not embodied a hydrostatic pressure pressurization method in which the dry system is completely non-directionally compressed from all directions in a dry system that is not contaminated with a pressure medium.

"Isotropic Pressurization Technology" edited by Mitsue Koizumi and Masao Nishihara, Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun, April 13, 1988, p. 33-65

JP-A-2005-205427 Jitsufuku No. 5-34871 Gazette Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-251336 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2020-046047

In the wet method of the hydrostatic pressure pressurization method, which is a conventional technique, there is a possibility that the pressure is completely non-directional from all directions. It takes time and effort to touch the pressure medium which is a fluid and remove the pressure medium, and the object to be treated or the like is contaminated with the pressure medium. On the other hand, in the dry method, although it is not contaminated with a pressure medium, it is not compressed in a non-directional manner from all directions, so that it is used only for powders having a small angle of repose.
At present, there is an alternative between the dry method and the wet method, and a processing device having the characteristics of both methods has not been devised. That is, unlike the dry method, there is no contamination with the pressure medium, so automation is easy, and unlike the wet method, the hydrostatic pressure pressurization method, in which compression is performed precisely from all directions without directionality, has not been devised.

The present invention takes advantage of the dry method, which eliminates the trouble of removing the pressure medium and is easy to automate because the object to be processed is not contaminated by the pressure medium, and can be compressed precisely from all directions without direction as in the wet method. It is an object of the present invention to provide a hydrostatic pressure pressurizing device.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has taken the following measures. In the following specification, unless otherwise specified, the pressure medium refers to a liquid fluid.

In the dry method of the prior art, since the object to be processed is pressurized in the circumferential direction or in the circumferential + 1 axial direction, it is clear that the object cannot be compressed precisely from all directions without directionality. In order to obtain hydrostatic pressure that can be compressed precisely from all directions without directionality, it is necessary to compress from all directions as in the conventional wet method. However, there is no need to remove the pressure medium without touching the pressure medium, which is a liquid fluid, in the process of filling, pressurizing, and taking out the processed product, and the material to be treated is contaminated with the pressure medium. In order to realize a treatment that does not occur (hereinafter referred to as "dry treatment"), the object to be treated is sealed in a molding mold with low deformation resistance such as a rubber bag as in the above wet method, and the liquid is liquid. It cannot be submerged in a pressure medium to apply hydraulic pressure. The object to be treated is applied in the normal direction of the outer peripheral surface and the axial direction of the lower surface through the pressure mold corresponding to the above-mentioned pressurized rubber mold, and is also pressurized from the axial direction of the upper surface (hereinafter, "peripheral + biaxially pressed"). Need to call).

In order to apply pressure in the circumferential + biaxial direction by dry processing, a balloon like an independent rubber bag that can be pressurized from the upper surface axial direction with a pressure medium is placed in the part that cannot be pressurized by the conventional peripheral / axial pressurization type. , I immediately come up with the idea that pressurization should be performed in synchronization with the pressure medium of the main body. However, if the balloon cannot be positioned accurately, all the parts will not come into close contact with each other, local contact with the object to be processed will occur, and some parts that cannot be hydrostatically pressurized will remain in the corners and the like. In addition, the balloon itself may be folded and wrinkled, resulting in non-uniform pressurization, and the balloon itself may be torn due to the pressurization. In order to realize hydrostatic pressure pressurization that can be compressed precisely and without direction by dry processing, it is necessary to solve the problems of 1) positioning and 2) adhesion and wrinkling. In addition, for balloons that have many moving parts and move the pressure medium in and out, it is necessary to take measures to prevent bubbles and voids from entering the pressure medium from the atmosphere.
In the present invention, the above-mentioned two pressure mold structures from the outer peripheral surface normal direction, the lower surface axial direction, and the upper surface axial direction are devised, and in the first step, 1) the problem of positioning is solved, and the second step. In 2) the problems of adhesion and wrinkling were solved, and in the third step, 3) a means was devised to prevent bubbles and voids from entering the pressure medium from the atmosphere.

The pressure mold from the normal direction of the outer peripheral surface and the axial direction of the lower surface, which corresponds to the above-mentioned hat-shaped pressure rubber mold, has a high pressure in the same manner as the molded rubber mold of the conventional dry CIP device in order to fix the position. Fix it to the main body side of the container. This is a hollow cylindrical shape with a bottom having an opening at the top, and has a shape in which the object to be processed is stored in the recess. Further, in the pressure mold from the upper surface axial direction corresponding to the above balloon, the columnar container is fixed to the lower surface of the lid of the high pressure container so that it can be easily positioned. In the following sections of this specification, the pressure mold in the normal direction of the outer peripheral surface and the axial direction of the lower surface to be fixed to the main body is referred to as a "lower molding mold", and the pressure is applied from the axial direction of the upper surface to be fixed to the lower surface of the lid. The mold is called an "upper mold". The upper molding die and the lower molding die are a pair of elastic material molding dies that are fitted at the lower part and the upper part, and the contacted portion is processed into a shape that conforms to the outer shape of the object to be treated. The lower molding die has a bottomed cylindrical shape with an opening at the top, and the object to be processed is stored in the recess. The upper molding die is a container containing a columnar pressure medium, and fits into this recess.
In order to perform hydrostatic pressure pressurization that can be precisely compressed from all directions without direction by the above dry processing, the object to be processed, the lower molding mold and the upper molding mold that are invisible in both molding dies are remotely separated. The first step of positioning by operation, the second step of closely adhering without wrinkles, the third step of filling the upper molding die with the pressure medium without bubbles or voids, and the entire inner surface of the upper molding die. A fourth step of simultaneously pressurizing the entire outer surface of the lower molding die with hydrostatic pressure is required.

In the first step, the object to be processed, the lower molding die, and the upper molding die, which are invisible, are positioned by remote control. It is automatically positioned at the stage of lowering the lid to tighten the lid of the high pressure vessel. That is, as the lid is lowered in the first step, the upper molding die is automatically and remotely molded while being guided by the inner wall of the lower molding die by a tapered guide mechanism below the center position in the height direction. Inserted into the recess of the mold.

In the second step, before the main body of the high-pressure container and the lid are brought into close contact with each other, the lowering of the lid is temporarily stopped in the middle, and the air in the space between the lower molding die and the upper molding die is evacuated. The elastic lower molding die and upper molding die processed into a shape that conforms to the outer shape of the object to be processed are such that the upper forming die is mainly stretched with vacuum suction to sandwich the object to be processed. Make sure it fits snugly without wrinkles.

In the third step, gravity is used without mixing air bubbles or voids inside the upper molding die that is stretched and pulled by the vacuum suction of the second step and is in close contact with the object to be treated. Gently feed in and fill the pressure medium. After that, the lowering of the lid was restarted, and the pressure medium squeezed out from the upper molding mold was collected when the main body of the high-pressure container and the lid were brought into close contact with each other, so that the pressure medium in the upper molding mold was filled without excess or deficiency. It becomes a state. Until this stage, the upper molding die fixed to the lid is separated from the pressurizing mechanism such as the pressurizing pump.

In the fourth step, the piping path of the pressure medium of the upper molding type fixed to the lower surface of the lid is connected to the pressure mechanism such as a pressure pump by a switching operation, and the pressure mechanism is operated to form the upper molding type. By simultaneously pressurizing the main body side of the high-pressure container, that is, the entire inner surface of the upper molding die and the entire outer surface of the lower molding die with the same pressure medium that is liquid-entangled, hydrostatic pressure is applied to the object to be processed from the circumferential direction and the upper and lower biaxial directions. Perform hydrostatic pressure pressurization treatment.

According to the present invention, a hydrostatic pressure pressurizing device capable of compressing from all directions precisely and without directionality like a wet method is realized by a dry process that can be easily automated without contaminating the object to be treated with a pressure medium or the like as in the dry method. Be made. As a result, a large amount of powder with a large angle of repose, which could not be handled by a dry CIP device in the past, molded products such as castings, and assemblies such as anvils for molding hard materials can be quickly and pressure-treated under hydrostatic pressure. can. Therefore, it can make a great contribution to the use of the technology in the industrial field.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram for showing all the configurations of the processing apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows a. It is explanatory drawing of the structure of the upper molding die and a lid, b. the basic structure of a lower molding die and a main body, and the tapered guide mechanism of the first step. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of the processing apparatus in the preparatory stage of the second step of the present invention. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the processing device in a state where the lowering of the lid is temporarily stopped before the lid and the main body are brought into close contact with each other following FIG. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram at the preparatory stage of the processing apparatus in which the penetrating telescopic tube is installed, which is an improvement plan of the second step of the present invention. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a state in which the lid and the main body are almost in close contact with each other, following FIG. The lower end of the upper molding mold comes into contact with the object to be processed and deforms in the direction of filling the notched space of the taper. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the shape of the upper molded mold (a. Hollow cylinder type, b.2 split type, c.3 split type, d.4 split type) fixedly attached to the lower surface of the lid of the high pressure container. .. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the state and operation of the pressure medium and the gravity type pressure medium adjusting tank at the stage immediately after the lid and the main body are brought into close contact with each other in the processing apparatus of the third step of the present invention. The squeezed pressure medium is collected in the gravity type pressure medium adjusting tank. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a balanced state of pressure by the pressure medium 6 in the high pressure container at the stage where the pressurizing mechanism is operated.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As for the valves shown in the figure, those filled with black indicate a closed state, and those shown in white indicate an open state. The processing apparatus shown here is merely an example and limits the present invention. Not intended.

The basic configuration of the processing apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, this processing apparatus has a lower molding die 4 and an upper molding die 7 which are a pair of elastic material molding molds that are fitted at the lower part and the upper part in the main body 1 and the lid 2 of the high-pressure container. The object to be processed 3 is stored so as to be sandwiched therein.
The lower molding die 4 has a hollow cylindrical shape with a bottom having an opening at the upper part. Further, the lower molding die 4 is fixed to the inner wall of the main body 1 of the high-pressure container by exposing the recess to the atmosphere from the upper opening. The object to be processed 3 is installed in the recess by operating from the outside. The upper molding die 7 is a container containing a columnar pressure medium, and is fixed to the lower surface of the lid 2 of the high-pressure container via the upper molding die mounting jig 5.
The pressure medium 6 is pressurized by the pressurizing mechanism 16. A lower pressure medium pipe 10 is connected to the main body 1 of the high pressure container as an injection port of the pressure medium 6 via a valve 18. Further, the upper pressure medium pipe 9 is connected to the upper molding die 7 through the lid 2 via the valve 17. As a result, the object 3 to be treated can be pressurized by the pressure medium 6 by the dry-type treatment via the lower molding die 4 and the upper molding die 7.
A vacuum pump 11 that evacuates the atmosphere in the space between the upper molding die 7 and the lower molding die 4 is installed via a valve 19. Above the height of the vertical method of the upper molding die 7, a gravity type pressure medium adjusting tank 15 for supplying or replenishing the pressure medium 6 in the upper molding die 7 is installed via a valve 21. Further, an atmospheric opening pipe 12 and a pressure medium opening pipe 14 are installed in each piping system.
In the configuration of the processing apparatus of the present invention, the pressure medium 6 is not exposed to the atmosphere at any part.

The first step of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the basic structure of the lower molding die and the upper molding die of the present invention, and the configuration of the tapered guide mechanism in the first step.
In FIG. 2, a. Is the relationship between the upper molding die 7 and the lid 2, b. Shows the relationship between the lower molding die 4 and the main body 1. The upper molding die 7 is fixed to the lower surface of the lid 2 via the upper molding die mounting jig 5. The lower molding die 4 is fixed to the main body 1 with the opening facing upward. The outer diameter of the upper mold 7 is several millimeters smaller than the inner diameter of the lower mold 4 to avoid interference during insertion. Further, the length h1 of the upper molding die 7 is extended to a dimension several centimeters longer than the length h3 excluding the packed layer of the object to be treated of the lower molding die 4. The outer surface of the upper molding die 7 is tapered from below the center position in the height direction to the lower end portion. The length of this taper from the lower end surface is h2, and the dimension of the width of the notch on one side of the lower end surface due to the taper is T. The tapered outer surface comes into contact with the inner wall of the lower forming die 4 as the lid 2 descends, and the upper forming die 7 is pushed toward the center of the bottomed cylinder of the lower forming die 4 while being guided. go. Along with this, the upper molding die 7 automatically becomes a state (concentric state) in which the central axis coincides with the lower molding die 4. This is called a tapered guide mechanism. In order to operate this guide mechanism, the elastic upper forming die 7 must maintain its shape to some extent, and the pressure medium 6 inside the upper forming die 7 is not in a full state with pressure, but its shape. The amount that can maintain the outer shape of the upper molding die 7 is satisfied by the amount that can be maintained, that is, the mass of the contained pressure medium 6.
In addition, c. And d. Shows an example of the shape of the spherical upper molding die 7 and the lower molding die 4. D. of FIG. The following shows an example of a powdered object 3 having a large angle of repose. The upper part of the object 3 has a trapezoidal shape with a large angle of repose, but as the upper molding die 7 is pushed in, the trapezoidal peak collapses and becomes familiar with the hemispherical formwork at the lower end of the upper molding die 7. Becomes spherical.
Further, e. And f. Shows a shape example of the upper molding die 7 and the lower molding die 4 of the regular octahedron. F. of FIG. Shows an example of a solid object 3 such as a cast product. When the object is not a powder but a solid such as a cast product, the casting defect can be removed by consolidation even in the non-object shape. And f. It is not necessary to use the formwork of all target shapes such as.
In the case of a spherical octahedron of all target shapes, the dimension of the width of the notch on one side of the lower end surface is T, which is the c.I. And e. It becomes the position shown in.

The second step of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, and further developed forms thereof will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of the processing apparatus in the preparatory stage of the second step of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 3, after the object 3 to be processed is stored in the recess of the lower molding die 4, the lid 2 is lowered to tighten the lid. At this stage, the inside of the main body 1 of the high-pressure container, that is, the outer region of the lower molding die 4, is filled with the pressure medium 6. In addition, in FIG. 3, it is assumed that the specific gravity of the object to be processed 3 is several times larger than the specific gravity of the pressure medium 6, and the object to be processed 3 does not float. If the specific gravity of the object to be processed 3 is small, the pressure medium 6 is not filled in the main body 1 and is removed.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the processing device in a state where the lowering of the lid is temporarily stopped at the stage before the lid and the main body are brought into close contact with each other following FIG. In the piping system of the pressure medium 6 at this stage, the valve 18 of the lower pressure medium pipe 10 connected to the main body 1 of the high pressure container and the upper pressure medium pipe 9 connected to the upper molding die 7 via the lid 2. Both valves 17 are closed and separated from the pressurizing mechanism 16. The valve 19 of the pipe leading to the vacuum pump 11 is open, and the valve 20 of the pipe leading to the atmospheric open pipe is closed.
As shown in FIG. 4, as the lid 2 is lowered, the upper molding die 7 is automatically inserted into the upper opening of the lower molding die 4 by the tapered guide mechanism described later. Immediately before the lower surface of the lid 2 becomes the same height as the main body 1 and the upper surface, the lowering of the lid 2 is temporarily stopped at the height corresponding to FIG. Here, a gap sealing jig 8 such as a resin material and an adhesive tape is attached, and a vacuum pump is applied to the atmosphere in the space above the object 3 between the upper molding die 7 and the lower molding die 4 from the gap between the main body 1 and the lid 2. Vacuum suction is started by 11. The gap between the main body 1 and the lid 2 is a clearance fit, but even if the side surface of the upper molding die 7 is pushed down through the gap between the main body 1 and the lid 2, a flexible suction tube, a half-split tube, or the like is inserted. good. Further, in parallel with the vacuum suction, the lowering of the lid 2 is restarted from the position shown in FIG. 4, and the lid 2 is brought into a state of being substantially in close contact with the main body 1. With the vacuum suction, the upper molding die 7 stretched by the vacuum pressure fills the space, so that the upper molding die 7 and the lower molding die 4 are in close contact with each other without wrinkling. After the two moldings are brought into close contact with each other without any gaps, the gap sealing jig 8 and the suction pipe are removed, the lid 2 is restarted to descend, and the main body 1 and the lid 2 of the high-pressure container are brought into close contact with each other. Further, after the vacuum exhaust, the valve 19 of the pipe leading to the vacuum pump 11 is closed. As a result, all the outer surfaces of the object 3 to be treated can be sandwiched between both molding dies without gaps or wrinkles.

The elastic materials of the lower molding die 4 and the upper molding die 7 include natural rubber, isoprene rubber, nitrile rubber, neoprene, depending on the tensile strength and elongation required from the mass and shape of the object 3 to be treated. Urethane rubber, silicone rubber, fluororubber, etc. are used.

Next, the configuration which is an extension of FIGS. 3 and 4 of the second step of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 5, 6 and 7. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram at the preparatory stage of the processing apparatus in which the penetrating telescopic tube 13 is installed in the center of the lid 3 and the upper molding die 7.
In FIG. 5, in addition to the basic configurations of FIGS. 3 and 4, a penetrating telescopic tube 13 made of a flexible (also referred to as slightly elastic) material is installed in the center of the upper molding die 7 so as to penetrate the lid 8. ing. That is, the penetrating telescopic tube 13 penetrates the upper molding die 7 and the lower end surface of the tube protrudes from the lower end of the upper molding die 7. The lower end surface of this tube adjusts the length of the penetrating telescopic tube 13 or the height of insertion so that the lower end surface of the tube does not come into contact with the object to be processed when the main body 1 and the lid 2 are in close contact with each other.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the processing apparatus at a stage shortly before the lid and the main body are brought into close contact with each other following FIG. The opening / closing state of the valve at the stage of starting the second step is the same as that described in FIG. In FIG. 6, the lid 2 is lowered beyond the position where the lowering of the lid 2 is temporarily stopped in FIG.
As shown in the first step, the height of the upper molding die (the length in the vertical direction of the side surface of the cylinder) is extended by several cm, so that the lower end of the upper molding die is already in contact with the object to be treated at this position. An upper molding die with a deformed lower end fills the notched space of the taper.
In the case of the configuration in which the penetrating telescopic tube 13 is added, it is not necessary to install the gap sealing jig 8 and the like in FIG. 4, so that the descent can be continued to the position shown in FIG. In order to shorten the processing time, the vacuum pump 11 may be operated from the stop position when the lid 2 of FIG. 4 is lowered to start vacuum suction. Further, since the labor of installing the gap sealing jig 8 and the like can be saved, this developed configuration can shorten the processing time as compared with the basic configuration of FIG.
The vacuum suction of FIG. 6 is performed in parallel with the lowering of the lid 2 as in FIG. The vacuum pump 11 is operated, and the atmosphere in the gap between the lower molding die 4 and the upper molding die 7 is discharged by vacuum suction through the penetrating telescopic tube 13. At the same time, the atmosphere remaining in the object 3 to be treated is also released by vacuum suction. The penetrating telescopic tube 13 may be slightly pulled out during the lowering of the lid 2 to adjust the insertion height of the penetrating telescopic tube 13. By vacuum-sucking the remaining atmosphere, the gap between the lower molding die 4 and the upper molding die 7 disappears, and the upper molding die 7 or the like extended by vacuum pressure fills the space so that the two are in close contact with each other without wrinkling. do. The shape of the hollow tube of the penetrating telescopic tube 13 is slightly deformed by the vacuum pressure, but the flow of the fluid inside is maintained. Eventually, when pressurized with a pressure medium, it closes without maintaining its shape, but after decompression, its shape returns to its original shape. Further, the valve opening / closing operation after vacuum exhaust is as described with reference to FIG. As a result, all the outer surfaces of the object 3 to be treated can be sandwiched between both molding dies without any gaps.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the shape of the upper molding die 7 attached to the lower surface of the lid of the high-pressure container. It is necessary to penetrate the penetrating telescopic tube 13 through the upper molding die 7 of FIGS. 5 and 6. It is possible to join the upper molding mold such as a columnar balloon to penetrate the penetrating telescopic tube 13, but the processing requires time and effort, and the joined portion is easily damaged, so there is a problem of durability. Occurs. The upper molding die 7 and the penetrating telescopic tube 13 do not have to be integrally formed, and a shape in which a small hole in the vertical direction is always opened in the center of the upper molding die 7 may be used. That is, a. As shown in the above, the shape of the upper molding die 7 may be a hollow cylindrical shape having small holes instead of a cylindrical shape. Further, the lower end surface of the upper molding die 7 has a shape conforming to the upper surface of the object 3 to be processed. The split type is better in order to improve the followability to the shape of the upper surface of the object 3 to be processed. Therefore, the shape of the upper molding die 7 attached to the lower surface of the lid 2 of the high-pressure container is a. Hollow cylinder type, b. 2-split type, c. 3-split type, d. A 4-split type can be considered. The upper molding die 7 may be divided into 4 or more parts. The upper molding die 7 has a. From d. Decide which one to choose. If the shape of the lower end surface of the upper molding die 7 and the bottom surface of the concave portion of the lower molding die 4 conforms to the shape of the object to be treated 3 as much as possible, the pressurizing direction by hydrostatic pressure pressurization is more complete. It becomes an isotropic pressure.

As described in FIG. 2, in the case of all the shapes of the upper molding die 7, the outer diameter thereof is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the lower molding die 4 by several millimeters. However, the volume reduced by slightly reducing the outer diameter of the upper molding die 7 needs to be smaller than the volume increased by the elongation of the elastic material due to the pressurization of the pressure medium 6.
Further, the outer diameter of the lower end portion of the upper molding die 7 is further reduced by several to 10 centimeters in order to attach a tapered guide mechanism, and is inclined (tapered) from the lower center to the lower end portion of the upper molding die 7. ) Is attached. According to Example 4 described later, when the diameter of the upper molding die is from 10 cm to 40 cm and the height is from 12 cm to 54 cm, the width of the notch on one side at the lower end due to the taper is 1. It has a small size of 2 to 5.3 cm. The tapered guide mechanism may be slightly rounded.
On the other hand, the length (height) of the upper molding die 7 is set to be several centimeters longer than the required length for fitting the lower molding die 4 and the object to be processed 3 tightly. The volume increased by increasing this dimension compensates for the decrease in volume due to the provision of the guide mechanism described later. According to Example 4 described later, in the same case, the extension of the height of the upper molding die (the length in the vertical direction of the side surface of the cylinder) is 1 to 6 cm.

Next, the third step of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the correlation between the pressure medium 6 and the gravity type pressure medium adjusting tank 15 at the stage immediately after the processing apparatus having the configuration of FIG. 5 has passed through the steps of FIG. 6 and immediately after the lid 2 and the main body 1 are brought into close contact with each other. Is. The shape of the upper molding die 7 is as shown in FIG. 7 a. From d. It is any one of.
FIG. 8 shows the final stage of vacuum suctioning the atmosphere in the space between the upper molding die 7 and the lower molding die 4, and the valve 17 of the upper pressure medium pipe 9 connected to the upper molding die 7 via the lid 2 is closed. It is separated from the pressurizing mechanism 16 such as a pressurizing pump. In the second step of the previous stage, the upper molding die 7 is stretched and pulled by the vacuum pressure, and is in a state where it can be added to the inside and suck the fluid. Here, by opening the valve 21 of the pipe connected to the gravity type pressure medium adjusting tank 15 and the pressure medium opening valve 22, the pressure medium 6 is supplied to the upper molding die 7 and loaded by atmospheric pressure and gravity. As a result, the inside of the upper molding die 7 can be filled with the pressure medium 6 without residual air and without mixing air bubbles, voids and the like from the atmosphere.
Next, the lid 2 of the high-pressure container is further lowered to completely adhere to the main body 1. The pressure medium 6 filled in the upper molding die 7 is squeezed out from the upper molding die 7 in a small amount of several tens to several hundreds cubic centimeters when the upper molding die 7 and the lower molding die 4 are in close contact with each other. As a result, the upper molding die 7 is pushed by the pressure of the internal pressure medium 6 and completely adheres to the object 3 to be processed and the lower molding die 4 without wrinkles. The squeezed pressure medium 6 is collected by the gravity type pressure medium adjusting tank 15 installed above the height of the vertical method of the upper molding die 7. The pressure of the pressure medium 6 inside the upper molding die 7 can be adjusted by the installation height of the gravity type pressure medium adjusting tank 15. After the pressure medium 6 is squeezed out due to the close contact of the lid, the valve 21 leading to the gravity type pressure medium adjusting tank 15 and the pressure medium opening valve 22 of the pipe leading to the pressure medium opening pipe 14 are closed.

Next, the fourth step of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. At this stage, the piping system of the pressure medium 6 is the valve 18 of the lower pressure medium pipe 10 connected to the main body 1 of the high pressure container, and the upper pressure medium pipe 9 connected to the upper molding die 7 via the lid 2. The valve 17 is opened and connected to a pressurizing mechanism 16 such as a pressurizing pump. Further, the atmosphere opening valve 20 of the pipe leading to the atmosphere opening pipe 12 is opened.
The lid 2 is lid-fastened to the main body 1 by a lid fastener such as a fastening bolt or a press frame. After that, the pressurizing mechanism 16 is operated to pressurize the pressure medium 6 to a predetermined processing pressure, and the same pressure medium 6 is simultaneously sent to pressurize the entire inner surface of the upper molding die 7 and the outer surface of the lower molding die 4. As a result, the object to be treated 3 is subjected to hydrostatic pressure pressure treatment. It should be noted that, within the scope of the basic configuration of the present invention, a mechanism for actively performing a heating operation is not included.

In FIG. 9, the magnitude and direction in which the force is applied by the pressure medium 6 are indicated by arrows, and the balanced state of the pressure by the pressure medium 6 in the high pressure container at the stage when the pressurizing mechanism is operated is shown. .. As shown in FIG. 9, the pressure of the pressure medium 6 causes the force to be balanced and unbalanced in the high-pressure container. Since the same pressure medium 6 is sent in and pressurized at the same time, the forces between the upper molding die 7 and the lower molding die 4 are balanced through the thin film of the elastic material of both, and this thin film is formed. It does not move or tear. The object 3 to be processed is completely non-directionally compressed with the same force from all directions. The main body 1 and the lid 2 of the high-pressure container are pushed from the pressure medium 6 by a force corresponding to their respective surface areas, and are supported by the strength of the high-pressure container, the lid, and the lid fastener.

The main body 1 and the lid 2 of the high-pressure container of FIGS. 1 to 9 show one cylindrical container placed vertically. However, this is shown as an example, and the main body and the lid of a plurality of high-pressure containers may be connected to each other.

As a method of lowering the lid of the high-pressure container, a small-scale uniaxial compression press, a hydraulic or electric piston device, an electric hoist, a chain block, or the like is used. In order to improve the mounting accuracy of the lid, a uniaxial compression press with a fixed pedestal or a hydraulic or electric piston device is preferable.
Further, as a method of fastening the main body and the lid after the main body and the lid are in close contact with each other, there are a press frame method, a lid fastening bolt tightening method, a load loading method and the like, but any of them may be used.

As the pressurizing mechanism of the pressure medium, a large number of devices such as a hydraulic or electric piston pressurizing device and an electric pump device are commercially available, and any type may be used. When constant pressure control is required in a high pressure region, hydraulic or electric piston pressurizing devices are often used. The maximum working pressure may reach 700 MPa for hydraulic piston pressurizing devices and 100 MPa for electric pump devices alone. Note that FIGS. 1 and 6 to 9 show an example of a hydraulic piston pressurizing device.

The pressure medium of the present invention is a liquid fluid. Water is usually used for hydrostatic pressure pressurization at a temperature of 200 ° C. or lower, but if the object to be treated has a simple shape, there is no problem in using water as a pressure medium. When the shape of the object to be processed is complicated, a pressure medium having low surface tension and viscosity is required because of the shape followability required for the shape. Table 1 shows an example of a specific liquid name of the pressure medium and physical properties such as its density.

As shown in Table 1, methyl alcohol is a pressure medium having low surface tension and viscosity. Since methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, etc. undergo relatively large thermal expansion, it is important to control the temperature of the pressure medium. Silicone oil is a pressure medium with a generally low surface tension, but a wide variety of products with a wide range of viscosities (kinematic viscosities) depending on the molecular weight, degree of polymerization, and types of substituents (methyl-based, phenyl-based, etc.) introduced during polymerization. There are, and they are selected according to the application. In the case of the application of the present invention, it is preferable to use low-viscosity dimethyl silicone oil or the like. However, since the viscosity of a liquid fluid generally increases under high pressure, care must be taken when handling it. In addition, low-viscosity dimethylsilicone oil has a large compressibility due to pressure and causes volume shrinkage of about 15% under a pressure of 350 MPa, so care must be taken when handling it under high pressure.

注）上表は常圧下で温度２０°Ｃでの物性値 Table 1

Note) The above table shows the physical properties at a temperature of 20 ° C under normal pressure.

The upper mold and the lower mold made of the elastic material used in the present invention are manufactured by the same method as the hat-shaped pressure rubber mold and the sleeve-shaped rubber mold for the conventional CIP device. That is, in the case of single product production, raw materials such as natural rubber, neoprene rubber, silicone rubber, and urethane rubber are filled in a rubber frame, and the rubber frame is uniformly tapped to stabilize the filling density and then fired in a heat treatment furnace. .. In the case of mass production, injection molding into a mold or hot press molding into a mold such as a tire can be considered. Table 2 shows the types of rubber that are candidates for the elastic material used for the upper molding die and the lower molding die of the present invention, and the mechanical properties such as tensile strength and elongation.

Select natural rubber, isoprene rubber, nitrile rubber, neoprene, urethane rubber, etc., which have high elongation. If the shape of the object to be treated has protrusions, select natural rubber, nitrile rubber, urethane rubber, etc., which have high tensile strength.
Further, since these elastic materials are used for the upper molding die and the lower molding die having the tapered guide mechanism, it is better that the surface roughness of these molding dies is smooth. In order to smooth the surface roughness, among the above-mentioned manufacturing methods, injection molding or hot press molding, which is mold molding, is preferable.
Further, it is preferable to use a material having good lubricity such as nitrile rubber, ethylene / propylene rubber, silicone rubber, and fluororubber (biton). A rubber lubricating film such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) may be used on the surface of the mold .

Table 2

In the upper molding die of the present invention, it is necessary to install the tapered guide mechanism having a tapered outer surface from the lower center to the lower end. There is no general standard for the guide mechanism required for remote control to invisible places. Here, while referring to JIS B6101 (2004), which is a tool shank standard for machining centers, where cutting tools are taken out from the tool storage using an arm without looking at the cutting tools and automatically replaced to proceed with cutting, the center of the upper molding die. The shape and dimensions of the taper on the outer surface from the bottom to the bottom were examined. There are 10 types of taper of the tool shank of JIS B6101 with a nominal number between 30 and 80, and the diameter D1 on the thick side of the taper, which is the standard dimension, is specified for 31.75 mm to 254 mm. The inclination of the tapered portion is uniform with the 7/24 taper regardless of the nominal number, that is, the diameter D1. The 7/24 taper means that the diameter of the tapered portion is reduced by 7 mm for every 24 mm. Therefore, this tool shank is called a 7/24 taper shank. Therefore, when the nominal number is 80 (diameter D1 is 254 mm) and the total length of the tapered portion is 240 mm, the diameter D2 on the narrow side is 184 mm, which is about 70% of D1. Here, assuming that the length (height) of the upper molding die is the total length of the tapered portion, the diameter of the lower end portion thereof becomes too small, and a large area that does not adhere to each other is generated, which makes it useful as a molding die. It will be nothing. However, this standard is a standard when the machining center automatically replaces a cutting tool whose rotating part is always cylindrical and has a small diameter, and it is not necessary to follow the standard for upper molding dies for different purposes.

In the case of the upper molding type, it is not necessary to transmit the rotational force at the time of cutting unlike the cutting tool of the machining center, and the purpose is a guide mechanism necessary for remote control to an invisible place. Further, the guide is required only at the lower end of the upper molding die, and the upper part from the center position in the height direction is irrelevant. Therefore, the taper can be installed as a tapered guide mechanism only on the outer surface from the lower center to the lower end of the upper molding die. However, since the machining center is also operated by remote control to an invisible place, the 7/24 taper will be followed.
As a result, specifically, the outer surface having a length of one-third from the lower end portion of the length (height) of the upper molding die is tapered by 7/24. As an example of trial calculation, Table 3 shows the results of trial calculations for the dimensional displays h2, d2, and T of each part shown in FIG. 7a with respect to the assumed outer diameter (d1) and height (h1) of the upper molding die. .. In addition, h2 is the height of the portion to which the 7/24 taper is attached (the length in the vertical direction of the side surface of the cylinder), d2 is the diameter of the lower end surface of the upper molding die, and T is the cutting of one side due to the 7/24 taper. The dimension of the width of the notch, that is, the value obtained by subtracting d2 from d1 and dividing by 2 (T = (d1-d2) / 2) is shown. The height h2 of the portion to be tapered on 7/24 was set to the lower third of the height h1 of the upper molding die.
According to Table 3, if the vertical length h2 of the side surface of the cylinder is within the height range of the lower third of h1, the outer diameter of the upper molding mold is from 10 cm to 40 cm, and the JIS standard is used. The dimension T of the width of the notch on one side at the lower end due to the 7/24 taper was 1.2 to 5.3 cm. That is, the dimension T of the width of the notch on one side at the lower end of the upper molding mold when a rationally feasible tapered guide mechanism is provided is 5.3 cm or less.

In Table 3, in Note 1 in the margin, the volume difference of Example 1 obtained by subtracting the effective volume V of Example 1-2 before height extension from Example 1-1 after height extension is shown. Similarly, Note 2, Note 3, and Note 4 indicate the volume difference between Example 2, Example 3, and Example 4. In the above, the volume that decreases by installing the guide mechanism at the bottom of the upper molding mold is compensated by the volume that increases by slightly increasing the height of the upper molding mold (the length in the vertical direction of the side surface of the cylinder) by a few centimeters. He said he could. According to the values in Table 3 and Note 1 to Note 4 in the margin, the following can be said.
When the outer diameter of the upper molding die of Example 1 is 100 mm, the volume V2 of the pressure medium reduced by the installation of the tapered guide mechanism is 91 cm ³ , whereas the height h1 of the upper molded die is 1. By increasing the length by 4 cm, the effective volume that increases is as large as 92 cm ³ in Note 1.
When the outer diameter of the upper molding die of Example 2 is 200 mm, V2 is 731 cm ³ in the same manner, whereas the effective volume increased by increasing the height h1 of the upper molded die by 2.8 cm is noted. It is as large as 734 cm ³ of 2.
When the outer diameter of the upper molding die of Example 3 is 300 mm, V2 is 2,467 cm ³ in the same manner, whereas the effective volume increased by increasing the height h1 of the upper molded die by 4.2 cm. Is as large as 2,479 cm ³ in Note 3.
When the outer diameter of the upper molding die of Example 4 is 400 mm, V2 is 5,847 cm ³ in the same manner, whereas the effective volume increased by increasing the height h1 of the upper molded die by 5.6 cm. Is as large as 5,876 cm ³ in Note 3.
That is, in the case where the outer diameter of the upper molding die is from 10 cm to 40 cm and the height is from 12 cm to 54 cm, in order to compensate for the volume of the pressure medium reduced by the installation of the tapered guide mechanism at the lower part of the upper molding die. The extended height of the upper molding die (same as above) is 1 to 6 cm. This means that even if replenishment of the pressure medium cannot be expected, extending the height of the upper mold (same as above) by 6 cm does not cause the problem of running out of pressure medium in the upper mold. .. Further, since the pressure medium is not insufficient, there is no problem that the elongation of the elastic material cannot follow the deformation and breaks during vacuum suction.

注）ｈ２は、ｈ１の下部３分の１の円筒側面の鉛直方向の長さとした Table 3

Note) h2 is the vertical length of the side surface of the cylinder in the lower third of h1.

In addition, in Table 3, the results of calculating the change in the volume (cm ³ ) of the upper molding die and the rate of decrease due to the installation of the lower guide mechanism are added. Here, V1 is the volume of the cylinder calculated from the outer diameter of the upper molding mold, V2 is the volume reduced from the cylinder by installing the guide mechanism, and V is the effective volume of the upper molding mold in which the guide mechanism is installed. A numerical value (V = V1-V2) is shown. In addition, S shows the reduction rate (%) of the volume of the upper molding die with the installation of a guide mechanism.

The penetrating telescopic tube of the present invention is a tube made of a flexible (also referred to as slightly elastic) material that penetrates the upper molding die. Due to its inherent strength, the penetrating telescopic tube can maintain the flow of fluid inside, although the shape of the hollow tube is slightly deformed by the vacuum pressure during vacuum suction. In addition, care is taken not to maintain the shape when hydrostatic pressure is applied with a pressure medium. That is, by closing the internal space of the hollow tube according to the hydrostatic pressure pressurization on the spot, consideration is given so that a force in a direction contrary to the hydrostatic pressure is not applied to the upper molding die. However, those using a metal wire such as SUS316 as a reinforcing material for preventing crushing are excluded because the upper forming mold may be damaged when the penetrating telescopic tube is damaged. As a result, the penetrating telescopic tube does not damage the stretchable material of the upper molded mold when pressurized with hydrostatic pressure. Further, after depressurizing the hydrostatic pressure, the shape is restored to the original shape due to the original mechanical characteristics of the penetrating telescopic tube. As a result, the hydrostatic pressure of the pressure medium is not impaired. An example of a flexible tube is shown in Patent Document 4. Specific product examples include hybrid Toyo silicone hose HTSI manufactured by Toyox Co., Ltd. (heat resistant temperature 130 ° C, inner diameter 12.7 to 38.1 mm, main material: silicone rubber, reinforcing material: polyester thread, heat resistant special resin), etc. Is.

In the above, in order to explain the function and structure, the upper molding mold with ingenuity is remotely positioned on the lower molding mold equivalent to the hat-shaped pressure rubber mold as a peripheral + 2-axis pressure type, and it fits perfectly without wrinkles. The method of filling the pressure medium without bubbles or voids was shown. On the other hand, at present, what is often used in the industrial world is a dry CIP device that uses a cylindrical pressurized rubber mold as a peripheral pressure type. In many dry CIP devices, the lower lid is removed and the processed product is taken out downward.
Even in the present invention, it is possible to use a processing device having a configuration in which the processed product is taken out downward. That is, the lower molding die and the upper molding die are interchanged 180 ° in the vertical direction, and the object to be processed can be stored and the product can be taken out by the molding die fixed to the lower lid. Alternatively, use a cylindrical pressure rubber mold instead of the lower molding mold that corresponds to the hat-shaped pressure rubber mold, and simply fix the cylindrical mold to the lower lid only when taking out the product. By opening and closing, the processed product can be taken out downward according to the configuration of the present invention. In this case, since the molding die fixed to the upper lid is used for storing the object to be processed, the above-mentioned ingenuity is not required for the molding die fixed to the lower lid.

1. 1. High pressure container 2. Cover 3. Object to be processed 4. Lower molding mold 5. Upper molding mold mounting jig 6. Pressure medium 7. Top molding mold 8. Gap sealing jig 9. Upper pressure medium pipe 10. Lower pressure medium pipe 11. Vacuum pump 12. Atmospheric open pipe 13. Penetrating telescopic tube 14. Pressure medium open tube to the atmosphere 15. Gravity pressure medium adjustment tank 16. Pressurizing mechanism 17. Upper pressure medium valve 18. Lower pressure medium valve 19. Vacuum pump valve 20. Atmospheric release valve 21. Pressure medium adjustment tank valve 22. Pressure medium open valve

Claims (9)

A processing device that stores an object to be processed in a high-pressure container and pressurizes it with hydrostatic pressure using a pressure medium that is a liquid fluid.
Inside the high-pressure container, there is a pair of elastic material molding dies that fit at the bottom and top.
The upper molding mold is a columnar container fixedly attached to the lower surface of the lid of the high-pressure container.
The upper molding mold is connected to the pressure medium injection pipe and the pipe to the container that collects the pressure medium.
The lower molding mold is a hollow cylindrical shape with a bottom that has an opening above which the object to be processed is stored in the recess, and is fixedly attached to the inner wall of the main body of the high-pressure container.
A pressure medium injection pipe is connected to the main body of the high-pressure container.
After storing the object to be treated in the recess, the lower molding mold is used.
Pre-fill the upper mold with a pressure medium of mass that can maintain its shape.
The first step of lowering the lid while inserting the upper molding die into the lower molding die by remote control by the tapered guide mechanism at the lower part of the upper molding die when closing the lid of the high-pressure container.
Immediately before the lid and the main body are brought into close contact with each other, the air in the space between the upper molding die and the lower molding die is vacuum-sucked to bring both molding dies into close contact with each other , and the pressure medium is gently sent in and filled by using gravity. The second step and
The third step of recovering in a container installed above the vertical method by squeezing out the pressure medium in the upper molding mold when the lid is restarted to descend and the lid and the main body are brought into close contact with each other.
After fastening the lid, the entire inner surface of the upper molding die and the entire outer surface of the lower molding die are simultaneously pressurized with hydrostatic pressure using the same pressure medium that is liquid-entangled by the fourth step.
A treatment device characterized in that it is possible to pressurize hydrostatic pressure at a uniform pressure without mixing air bubbles or voids from the atmosphere into the pressure medium while the object to be treated is not in contact with the pressure medium. The processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a tapered guide mechanism based on a JIS standard 7/24 taper structure is provided only below the center position in the height direction of the upper molding die. The processing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the dimension of the width of the notch on one side by the tapered guide mechanism at the lower end of the upper molding die is 5.3 cm or less.
In the processing apparatus according to claim 1, the upper molding die is extended from the required length of fitting in order to compensate for the volume of the pressure medium reduced by the installation of the tapered guide mechanism below the upper molding die. A processing device with a height of 1 cm or more and 6 cm or less.
In the processing apparatus according to claim 1, the shape of the upper molded mold attached to the lower surface of the lid of the high-pressure container is a hollow cylindrical type, a vertically divided two-divided type, the same / three-divided type, or the same. A processing device that is a 4-split type.
In the processing apparatus according to claim 1, the molding type elastic material is a processing apparatus using natural rubber, isoprene rubber, nitrile rubber, ethylene / propylene rubber, neoprene, or urethane rubber.
The processing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein vacuum suction can be performed in parallel with the operation of lowering the lid of the high-pressure container from the first step to the second step.
In the third step of the processing apparatus according to claim 1, the inside of the upper molding die is formed by supplying the pressure medium by gravity from a container installed above the height of the vertical method of the upper molding die. A processing device that can be filled with the pressure medium without residual air.
In the processing apparatus according to claim 1, the lower molding die is not a hollow cylindrical shape with a bottom but a cylindrical pressurized rubber mold, and a cylindrical molding die newly fixed to the lower lid is added to perform a vertical method. A processing device that can take out processed products below.

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