JP7039786B2 - Gas turbine and its operation method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a gas turbine including a compressor, a combustor and a turbine, and a method of operating the gas turbine.

The gas turbine is composed of a compressor, a combustor and a turbine. Then, the air taken in from the air intake is compressed by the compressor to become high temperature and high pressure compressed air, and the combustor supplies fuel to the compressed air and burns it to obtain high temperature and high pressure. Combustion gas (exhaust gas) is obtained, and the combustion gas drives a turbine to drive a generator connected to the turbine.

In a gas turbine, the output in the turbine is affected by the temperature of the air taken in by the compressor. For example, in the summer when the atmospheric temperature is high, the density of air decreases and the mass flow rate decreases, so that the output of the turbine decreases. Therefore, in order to suppress the decrease in the output of the turbine, the compressor is provided with an intake air cooling device in order to reduce the temperature of the air to be taken in. This intake air cooling device generally cools the air taken in by the latent heat of vaporization of the spray mist by spraying water on the intake air.

As such a gas turbine, for example, there is one described in Patent Document 1 below.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-127247

In the intake air cooling device of the compressor described above, a plurality of spray nozzles spray a predetermined amount of water toward the intake air. However, when the spray nozzle is worn due to deterioration over time, there is a problem that a predetermined amount of water cannot be sprayed.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and is a gas turbine for improving the reliability of a gas turbine by appropriately determining the replacement time of the spray nozzle by determining the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzle with high accuracy. The purpose is to provide the driving method.

The gas turbine of the present invention for achieving the above object includes a compressor that compresses air, a combustor that mixes and burns compressed air and fuel compressed by the compressor, and combustion generated by the combustor. The air cooler includes a turbine that obtains rotational power by gas, an air cooler that sprays cooling water from a spray nozzle onto the air taken in by the compressor, and a control device that controls the air cooler. The spray reference characteristic, which is the relationship between the spray flow rate command value and the spray flow rate value in the air cooler, is set, and the control device sets the predicted value predicted based on the spray reference characteristic and the actual value. It is characterized in that the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzle is determined by the difference.

Therefore, when the spray nozzle deteriorates, the amount of cooling water sprayed from the spray nozzle fluctuates. Therefore, the control device uses the difference between the predicted value predicted based on the spray reference characteristic and the actual value of the spray nozzle. Therefore, the degree of deterioration can be determined with high accuracy, the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzle can be determined with high accuracy, and the replacement timing of the spray nozzle can be appropriately determined to improve the reliability of the gas turbine.

In the gas turbine of the present invention, the control device is predicted based on the difference between the predicted spray flow value predicted based on the spray reference characteristic and the actual actual spray flow value, and / or the spray reference characteristic. It is characterized in that the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzle is determined by either the difference between the predicted spray flow rate command value and the actual actual spray flow rate command value.

Therefore, the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzle is determined based on the difference between the predicted spray flow rate value and the actual actual spray flow rate value and the difference between the predicted spray flow rate command value and the actual actual spray flow rate command value. Can be determined with high accuracy.

In the gas turbine of the present invention, when the control device sets the first spray flow rate command value in the air cooler, the first predicted spray flow rate predicted to be sprayed by the air cooler based on the spray reference characteristic. It is characterized in that the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzle is determined by the difference between the value and the first actual spray flow rate value actually sprayed by the air cooler.

Therefore, since the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzle is determined by the difference between the first predicted spray flow rate value and the first actual spray flow rate value, the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzle can be determined with high accuracy.

In the gas turbine of the present invention, the control device is predicted to be set in the air cooler based on the spray reference characteristic when the air cooler actually sprays the second spray flow rate value. It is characterized in that the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzle is determined by the difference between the predicted spray flow rate command value and the second actual spray flow rate command value actually set in the air cooler.

Therefore, since the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzle is determined by the difference between the second predicted spray flow rate command value and the second actual spray flow rate command value actually set in the air cooler, the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzle is determined. It can be judged with high accuracy.

In the gas turbine of the present invention, the control device is characterized in that the first spray flow rate command value is corrected so that the difference between the first predicted spray flow rate value and the first actual spray flow rate value is reduced.

Therefore, since the first spray flow rate command value is corrected so that the difference between the first predicted spray flow rate value and the first actual spray flow rate value is reduced, the amount of cooling water sprayed from the spray nozzle is determined by the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzle. It can be adjusted with high accuracy according to the above.

In the gas turbine of the present invention, the control device corrects the second predicted spray flow rate command value so that the difference between the second predicted spray flow rate command value and the second actual spray flow rate command value is reduced. It is a feature.

Therefore, since the second predicted spray flow rate command value is corrected so that the difference between the second predicted spray flow rate command value and the second actual spray flow rate command value is reduced, the amount of cooling water sprayed from the spray nozzle is sprayed. It can be adjusted with high accuracy according to the degree of deterioration of the nozzle.

In the gas turbine of the present invention, the control device is characterized in that when the difference exceeds a preset determination value, it is determined that the spray nozzle has deteriorated.

Therefore, when the difference exceeds a preset determination value, it is determined that the spray nozzle has deteriorated, so that the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzle can be determined with high accuracy.

The gas turbine of the present invention is characterized in that a display unit for displaying the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzle determined by the control device is provided.

Therefore, since the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzle is displayed on the display unit, the operator will operate the gas turbine while checking the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzle, and will make a replacement plan such as advance preparation of the spray nozzle to be replaced. It can be easily set up.

In the gas turbine of the present invention, the control device actually sprays the air cooler based on the air temperature, the air humidity, and the humidity at the compressor inlet, or based on the amount of cooling water supplied to the air cooler. It is characterized by determining the actual spray flow rate value.

Therefore, the actual spray flow rate value can be set with high accuracy.

In the gas turbine of the present invention, the control device is characterized in that the predicted spray flow rate value is regarded as the actual spray flow rate value actually sprayed by the air cooler after the correction of the difference is completed.

Therefore, the actual spray flow rate value can be set with high accuracy.

In the gas turbine of the present invention, the air cooler has a plurality of the spray nozzles, the control device sets the number of operations of the spray nozzles, and the deterioration of the spray nozzles is set for each number of operations of the spray nozzles. It is characterized in that the degree is determined and the deteriorated spray nozzle is specified from a plurality of the spray nozzles based on the deterioration degree of the spray nozzle determined for each number of operations.

Therefore, when the air cooler has a plurality of spray nozzles, it is possible to identify the deteriorated spray nozzle from among the plurality of spray nozzles only by determining the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzles for each operation number of the spray nozzles. It is possible to determine the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzle with high accuracy while suppressing the complexity of the equipment.

Further, in the operation method of the gas turbine of the present invention, a compressor that compresses air, a combustor that mixes and burns the compressed air compressed by the compressor and fuel, and a combustion gas generated by the combustor are used for rotational power. An air cooler that sprays cooling water from a spray nozzle onto the air taken in by the compressor is provided, and the air cooler is provided with a reference value for a spray flow rate command value and a spray flow rate value in the air cooler. The step of setting the spray reference characteristic, which is the relationship between the above, and the step of determining the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzle based on the difference between the predicted value predicted based on the spray reference characteristic and the actual value. It is a feature.

Therefore, when the spray nozzle deteriorates, the amount of cooling water sprayed from the spray nozzle fluctuates. Therefore, the control device uses the difference between the predicted value predicted based on the spray reference characteristics and the actual value of the spray nozzle. Determine the degree of deterioration. Therefore, the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzle can be determined with high accuracy, and the replacement time of the spray nozzle can be appropriately determined to improve the reliability of the gas turbine.

According to the gas turbine of the present invention and the method thereof, by determining the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzle with high accuracy, it is possible to appropriately determine the replacement time of the spray nozzle and improve the reliability of the gas turbine.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a gas turbine of the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an intake duct of a compressor. FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a control block of the intake air cooling device. FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing intake air cooling control. FIG. 5 is a graph showing an actual spray flow rate value with respect to a spray flow rate command value in the intake air cooling device.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the gas turbine and the operating method thereof according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and when there are a plurality of embodiments, the present invention also includes a combination of the respective embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a gas turbine of the present embodiment.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the gas turbine 10 includes a compressor 11, a combustor 12, and a turbine 13. The compressor 11 and the turbine 13 are integrally rotatably connected by a rotating shaft 14, and a generator 15 is connected to the rotating shaft 14. The compressor 11 compresses the air taken in from the air take-in line L1. The combustor 12 mixes and burns the compressed air supplied from the compressor 11 through the compressed air supply line L2 and the fuel gas supplied from the fuel gas supply line L3. The turbine 13 is rotationally driven by the combustion gas supplied from the combustor 12 through the combustion gas supply line L4. The generator 15 generates electricity by the rotational force transmitted by the rotation of the turbine 13.

Therefore, in the gas turbine 10, the compressor 11 compresses the air, and the combustor 12 mixes and burns the supplied compressed air and the fuel gas. The turbine 13 is rotationally driven by the combustion gas supplied from the combustor 12, and the generator 15 generates electricity.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an intake duct of a compressor.

As shown in FIG. 2, the compressor 11 is provided with an intake duct 20 on the air intake side. The duct main body 31 has a predetermined length, is bent into a predetermined shape, and is mounted in the passenger compartment (not shown) of the compressor 11. The duct main body 31 has a box shape, and an intake port 32 is formed. The intake port 32 is one opening formed on the end surface of the duct main body 31, and the weather louver 33 is fixed to the intake port 32. The weather louver 33 is composed of a plurality of triangular roofs and is attached to the intake port 32 to prevent rainwater from entering the inside of the duct main body 31.

The duct main body 31 is provided with a plurality of (three in this embodiment) filters 34, 35, 36 and one silencer 37 inside. The filters 34, 35, 36 are, for example, a pre-filter, a medium-performance filter, and a high-performance (HEPA) filter. The filters 34, 35, and 36 are arranged at positions separated from the intake port 32 of the duct main body 31 by a predetermined distance, and are arranged apart from each other by a predetermined distance to block the duct main body 31. Therefore, the air passing through the duct main body 31 passes through the filters 34, 35, and 36 to collect relatively small dust contained in the air.

In the duct main body 31, the air cooler 40 is arranged on the compressor 11 side of the silencer 37. The air cooler 40 has a plurality of nozzle units 41, 42, 43, 44, 45 arranged at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction in the duct main body 31 (five in this embodiment). The nozzle units 41, 42, 43, 44, 45 have a plurality of spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, respectively. The nozzle units 41, 42, 43, 44, 45 are connected to the pipes 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, and the pumps 56, 57, 58, 59, 60 are connected to the pipes 51, 52, 53, 54, 55. And on-off valves 61, 62, 63, 64, 65 are installed. The pipes 51, 52, 53, 54, 55 are assembled in the collecting pipe 66, the collecting pipe 66 is connected to the cooling water tank 67, and the collecting pipe 66 is provided with a flow meter 74, which will be described later.

Therefore, the air cooler 40 drives the pumps 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, and when the on-off valves 61, 62, 63, 64, 65 are opened, the cooling water of the cooling water tank 67 is piped 51, 52. , 53, 54, 55 are supplied to the nozzle units 41, 42, 43, 44, 45 and from a plurality of spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 in the nozzle units 41, 42, 43, 44, 45. Cooling water is sprayed toward the compressor 11 side. At this time, the number of pumps 56, 57, 58, 59, 60 to be driven according to the atmospheric temperature and the atmospheric humidity is determined, and the predetermined on-off valves 61, 62, 63, 64, 65 are opened to obtain a plurality of pumps. A required amount of cooling water is sprayed from one or more of the nozzle units 41, 42, 43, 44, 45.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a control block of the intake air cooling device, FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing intake air cooling control, and FIG. 5 is a graph showing an actual spray flow rate value with respect to a spray flow rate command value in the intake air cooling device.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the gas turbine 10 includes a control device 70 for controlling the air cooler 40. In the control device 70, the spray reference characteristic, which is the relationship between the spray flow rate command value and the spray flow rate value in the air cooler 40, is set, and the predicted value predicted based on the spray reference characteristic and the actual value are set. The degree of deterioration of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 is determined by the difference.

Specifically, the control device 70 controls the difference between the predicted spray flow rate value predicted based on the spray reference characteristic and the actual actual spray flow rate value, and / or the predicted spray flow rate command predicted based on the spray reference characteristic. The degree of deterioration of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 is determined by the difference between the value and the actual actual spray flow rate command value.

Here, the spray reference characteristic in the air cooler 40 (spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50) is the spray flow rate value determined when the spray flow rate command value in the air cooler 40 is set. It refers to the characteristics (relationship) of the air cooler 40 sprayed by the air cooler 40. The spray flow rate command value refers to a command value set in the air cooler 40 to control the spray flow rate value sprayed by the air cooler 40, and as an example, the pumps 56, 57, 58, 59. , 60 means the command value for the number of starting units and the number of rotations, and the command value for the valve opening of the on-off valves 61, 62, 63, 64, 65. In this case, the command value for only the pumps 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, the command value for only the on-off valves 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, or the pumps 56, 57, 58, 59, 60 and the on-off valve 61, Various command values can be set depending on the situation, such as command values for both 62, 63, 64, and 65.

That is, when the control device 70 sets the first spray flow rate command value in the air cooler 40, the control device 70 has the first predicted spray flow rate value predicted to be sprayed by the air cooler 40 based on the spray reference characteristic, and the air cooler. The degree of deterioration of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 is determined by the difference from the first actual spray flow rate value actually sprayed by 40. Further, the control device 70 has a second predicted spray flow rate command value that is predicted to be set in the air cooler 40 based on the spray reference characteristics when the air cooler 40 actually sprays the second spray flow rate value. , The degree of deterioration of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 is determined by the difference from the second actual spray flow rate command value actually set in the air cooler 40.

Here, the control device 70 corrects the first spray flow rate command value so that the difference between the first predicted spray flow rate value and the first actual spray flow rate value is reduced. Further, the control device 70 corrects the second predicted spray flow rate command value so that the difference between the second predicted spray flow rate command value and the second actual spray flow rate command value is reduced. Then, when this difference exceeds the preset determination value, the control device 70 determines that the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 have deteriorated, and determines that the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 have deteriorated. Determined to be replaced. Here, the determination value is set as, for example, a ratio (for example, 10%) to the maximum spray flow rate in the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50.

The control device 70 is connected to an atmospheric thermometer 71 for measuring the atmospheric temperature and an atmospheric hygrometer 72 for measuring the atmospheric humidity, and the atmospheric temperature and the atmospheric humidity are input. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, in the compressor 11, a compressor inlet hygrometer 73 for measuring the compressor inlet humidity is arranged in the duct main body 31, and the compressor inlet humidity is input to the control device 70. Further, the air cooler 40 is provided with a flow meter 74 in the collecting pipe 66, and the control device 70 measures the amount of cooling water flowing through the collecting pipe 66, that is, the cooling water sprayed by the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50. The amount of spray is input.

Further, in the control device 70, the display unit 75 and the storage unit 76 are connected to each other. The display unit 75 displays the determination results of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 determined by the control device 70, and the storage unit 76 displays the determination results of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49 determined by the control device 70. The determination result of 50 is stored.

Here, the operation method of the gas turbine will be described in detail. The operation method of the gas turbine of the present embodiment is predicted based on the step of setting the spray reference characteristic, which is the relationship between the spray flow rate command value and the spray flow rate value in the air cooler 40, and the spray reference characteristic. It has a step of determining the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 based on the difference between the predicted value and the actual value.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the control device 70 is provided with a setting unit 81, a comparison unit 82, a PI control unit 83, a correction unit 84, and a determination unit 85. The setting unit 81 determines the required spray flow rate value based on the atmospheric temperature measured by the atmospheric thermometer 71 and the atmospheric humidity measured by the atmospheric hygrometer 72. Then, the spray flow rate command value required for the air cooler 40 to spray this spray flow rate value is set. At this time, the spray flow rate command value is set based on the spray reference characteristic α when there is no deterioration of the spray nozzle. That is, the setting unit 81 sets the spray flow rate command value that the air cooler 40 predicts to spray the required spray flow rate value based on the spray reference characteristic α. Here, when the required spray flow rate command value is set in the air cooler 40, the flow rate value predicted to be sprayed by the air cooler 40 based on the spray reference characteristic α is defined as the predicted spray flow rate value. The comparison unit 82 calculates the difference between the predicted spray flow rate value and the actual spray flow rate value sprayed by the air cooler 40 (spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50) measured by the flow meter 74. The actual spray flow rate value may be set based on the atmospheric temperature, the atmospheric humidity, and the compressor inlet humidity measured by the compressor inlet humidity meter 73. The required spray flow rate value determined by the setting unit 81 may be determined based on the compressor inlet humidity measured by the compressor inlet humidity meter 73.

The PI control unit 83 calculates the nozzle deterioration correction amount based on the difference between the predicted spray flow rate value and the actual spray flow rate value and the operation signal of the air cooler 40 (spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50). .. The display unit 75 displays the nozzle deterioration correction amount (or correction value). The nozzle deterioration correction amount is a correction flow rate of the spray flow rate value or a correction amount of the spray flow rate command value. Further, the correction unit 84 corrects the predicted spray flow rate value based on the nozzle deterioration correction amount, and calculates the spray flow rate command value. The determination unit 85 compares the nozzle deterioration correction amount with the determination value to determine the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50. Here, when the determination unit 85 determines the deterioration of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 based on the nozzle deterioration correction amount, the display unit 75 deteriorates the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50. Is displayed and an alarm is issued that it should be replaced.

In FIG. 5, the spray reference characteristic α when there is no deterioration of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 is defined. The spray reference characteristic α can indicate a spray flow rate value with respect to a spray flow rate command value or a spray flow rate command value with respect to a spray flow rate value when the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 are not deteriorated. That is, the relationship between the spray flow rate command value and the spray flow rate value can be shown. According to this, when the spray flow rate command value (first spray flow rate command value) a2 is set, the predicted spray flow rate value (first predicted spray flow rate value) b2 can be predicted based on the spray reference characteristic α. Further, as the deterioration of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 progresses, the actual spray flow rate value tends to increase with respect to the predicted spray flow rate value predicted based on the spray flow rate command value. At this time, in the spray nozzle of the air cooler 40, the relationship between the spray flow rate command value and the spray flow rate value is updated as the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 deteriorate. As a result, there is a difference between the predicted spray flow rate command value set based on the spray reference characteristic α and the actual spray flow rate command value, or between the predicted spray flow rate value and the actual actual spray flow rate value. Here, when the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 deteriorate, the actual spray characteristic β can be defined. The actual spray characteristic β is the actual actual spray flow value of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 with respect to the spray flow command value when the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 deteriorate, or the actual spray. The actual spray flow rate command value (actual spray flow rate command value) for the flow rate value can be shown. That is, it is possible to show the actual relationship between the spray flow rate command value and the spray flow rate value when the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 deteriorate. Thereby, the actual spray flow rate value (first actual spray flow rate value) b3 is defined with respect to the set spray flow rate command value a2. The inclination of the actual spray characteristic β varies depending on the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50.

Therefore, when the predicted spray flow rate value b2 is set for the spray flow rate command value a2 in the spray reference characteristic α and the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 deteriorate, the actual spray flow rate value increases. Then, it fluctuates to the actual spray flow rate value b3. At this time, the control device 70 is based on the difference C1 between the predicted spray flow rate value b2 set according to the spray flow rate command value a2 and the actual spray flow rate value b3 actually sprayed according to the spray flow rate command value a2. The degree of deterioration of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 is determined.

Further, the spray flow rate command value is corrected according to the difference C1 between the predicted spray flow rate value b2 and the actual spray flow rate value b3. That is, the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 want to spray the predicted spray flow rate value (second spray flow rate value) b2 with respect to the spray flow rate command value a2, but in reality, this predicted spray flow rate value b2. A larger actual spray flow rate value b3 is being sprayed. Therefore, the predicted spray flow rate command value (second predicted spray flow rate command value) a1 predicted for the actual spray flow rate value b3 is set based on the actual spray characteristic β, and the spray flow rate command value is set to the spray flow rate command value (second). 2 Spray flow rate command value) Change from a2 to the predicted spray flow rate command value a1. That is, the spray flow rate command value is corrected so that the difference between the spray flow rate command value a2 and the predicted spray flow rate command value a1 is reduced. Here, the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 may be determined based on the difference C2 between the spray flow rate command value a2 and the predicted spray flow rate command value a1.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the air cooler 40 is driven by the nozzle units 41, 42, 43, 44, 45 (pumps 56, 57, 58, 59, 60) according to the spray flow rate command value. Determine the number of. That is, the control device 70 sets the spray flow rate command value so that the humidity at the compressor inlet becomes 90%, and determines the nozzle units 41, 42, 43, 44, 45 to be driven. At this time, the control device 70 determines the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 for each number of operations of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50.

For example, when the humidity at the inlet of the compressor is high, the spray amount of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 is small, so that one spray nozzle 46 is operated and the degree of deterioration of one spray nozzle 46 is high. To judge. After that, when the humidity at the compressor inlet decreases and it becomes necessary to operate the two spray nozzles 46 and 47, the degree of deterioration of the two spray nozzles 46 and 47 is determined. At this time, if the degree of deterioration of one spray nozzle 46 and the degree of deterioration of the two spray nozzles 46 and 47 are the same, it can be seen that the degree of deterioration of the second spray nozzle 47 is low. Further, when the degree of deterioration of one spray nozzle 46 and the degree of deterioration of the two spray nozzles 46 and 47 are significantly different, it can be seen that the degree of deterioration of the second spray nozzle 47 is high. Therefore, the deteriorated spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 can be identified from the plurality of spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50.

As described above, in the gas turbine of the present embodiment, the compressor 11 that compresses the air, the combustor 12 that mixes and burns the compressed air compressed by the compressor 11 and the fuel, and the combustor 12 are generated. Control to control the turbine 13 that obtains rotational power from the combustion gas, the air cooler 40 that sprays cooling water from the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 to the air taken in by the compressor 11, and the air cooler 40. The air cooler 40 is provided with the device 70, and the spray reference characteristic which is the relationship between the spray flow rate command value and the spray flow rate value in the air cooler 40 is set, and the control device 70 sets the spray reference characteristic. The degree of deterioration of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 is determined by the difference between the predicted value predicted based on the actual value and the actual value.

Therefore, when the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 deteriorate, the spray amount of the cooling water sprayed from the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 fluctuates, so that the control device 70 has the spray reference characteristic. The degree of deterioration of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 is determined by the difference between the predicted value predicted based on the above and the actual value. Therefore, the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 is determined with high accuracy, and the replacement time of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 is appropriately determined to determine the reliability of the gas turbine 10. It can be improved.

In the gas turbine of the present embodiment, the control device 70 is predicted based on the difference between the predicted spray flow rate value predicted based on the spray reference characteristic and the actual actual spray flow rate value, and / or the spray reference characteristic. The degree of deterioration of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 is determined by either the difference between the predicted spray flow rate command value and the actual actual spray flow rate command value. Therefore, the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, The degree of deterioration of 50 can be determined with high accuracy.

In the gas turbine of the present embodiment, when the control device 70 sets the first spray flow rate command value in the air cooler 40, the first predicted spray flow rate predicted to be sprayed by the air cooler 40 based on the spray reference characteristics. The degree of deterioration of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 is determined by the difference between the value and the first actual spray flow rate value actually sprayed by the air cooler. Alternatively, the control device 70 has a second predicted spray flow rate command value that is predicted to be set in the air cooler based on the spray reference characteristics when the air cooler 40 actually sprays the second spray flow rate value. The degree of deterioration of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 is determined by the difference from the second actual spray flow rate command value actually set in the air cooler 40. Therefore, the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 can be determined with high accuracy.

In the gas turbine of the present embodiment, the control device 70 corrects the first spray flow rate command value so that the difference between the first predicted spray flow rate value and the first actual spray flow rate value is reduced. Alternatively, the control device 70 corrects the second predicted spray flow rate command value so that the difference between the second predicted spray flow rate command value and the second actual spray flow rate command value is reduced. Therefore, the amount of the cooling water sprayed from the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 can be adjusted with high accuracy according to the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzle.

In the gas turbine of the present embodiment, the control device 70 determines that the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 have deteriorated when the difference exceeds a preset determination value. Therefore, the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 can be determined with high accuracy.

In the gas turbine of the present embodiment, the control device 70 considers the predicted spray flow rate value as the actual spray flow rate value actually sprayed by the air cooler 40 after the correction of the difference is completed. Therefore, the actual spray flow rate value can be set with high accuracy.

The gas turbine of the present embodiment is provided with a display unit 75 that displays the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 determined by the control device 70. Therefore, since the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 is displayed on the display unit 75, the operator compresses while checking the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50. The machine 11 will be operated, and a replacement plan such as advance preparation of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 to be replaced can be easily made.

In the gas turbine of the present embodiment, the control device 70 is actually sprayed by the air cooler 40 based on the air temperature, the air humidity, and the humidity at the compressor inlet, or based on the amount of cooling water supplied to the air cooler 40. Determine the actual spray flow value. Therefore, the actual spray flow rate value can be set with high accuracy.

In the gas turbine of the present embodiment, the air cooler 40 has a plurality of spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, and the control device 70 has the number of operations of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50. The degree of deterioration of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 is determined for each, and a plurality of spray nozzles 46, based on the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 determined for each number of operations. The deteriorated spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 are identified from among 47, 48, 49, 50. Therefore, when the air cooler 40 has a plurality of spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, for each number of operations of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, Deteriorated spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 can be identified from a plurality of spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 only by determining the degree of deterioration of 50, such as a flow meter 74. It is possible to determine the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 with high accuracy while suppressing the complexity of the equipment.

Further, in the operation method of the gas turbine of the present embodiment, the step of setting the spray reference characteristic, which is the relationship between the spray flow rate command value and the spray flow rate value in the air cooler 40, and the spray reference characteristic It has a step of determining the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 based on the difference between the predicted value predicted based on the actual value and the actual value.

Therefore, the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 is determined with high accuracy, and the replacement time of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 is appropriately determined to determine the reliability of the gas turbine 10. It can be improved.

In the above-described embodiment, the spray reference characteristic α when the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 are not deteriorated and the actual spray when the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 are deteriorated. The characteristic β was defined, and the deterioration of the spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 was determined based on the difference between the spray reference characteristic α and the actual spray characteristic β, that is, the amount of deviation. In this case, the actual spray characteristic β indicates the relationship between the spray flow rate command value and the actual spray flow rate value, and has been described as a graph, but is not limited to this configuration. The actual spray characteristic β may be a table of the actual spray flow rate value with respect to the spray flow rate command value, or may be a function of the actual spray flow rate with respect to the spray flow rate command value. Further, one such as one actual spray flow rate value corresponding to one spray flow rate command value, one spray flow rate command value corresponding to one actual spray flow rate value, etc., not using the actual spray characteristic β as a function. It may be regarded as a value. In this case, the actual value (actual spray flow rate command value or actual spray flow rate value) for comparison with the predicted value (predicted spray flow rate command value or predicted spray flow rate value) predicted based on the spray reference characteristic α. This can be regarded as the actual spray characteristic β. Then, the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzle can be determined based on the deviation amount (difference) between the actual value (actual spray characteristic β) and the predicted value (spray reference characteristic α). That is, since the control device of the present invention determines the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzle according to the difference between the spray reference characteristic and the actual spray characteristic, the deviation amount of the spray flow rate command value and the deviation amount of the actual spray flow rate. It suffices if the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzle can be determined based on the above.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the air cooler 40 has a plurality of spray nozzles 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, and the control device 70 has the spray nozzles 46, 47, according to the spray flow rate command value. The number of operations of 48, 49, 50 is set, and a predetermined number of pumps 56, 57, 58, 59, 60 are driven. In this case, the control device 70 may control the drive and stop of the pumps 56, 57, 58, 59, 60 by keeping the rotation speeds of the pumps 56, 57, 58, 59, 60 constant, or the pumps 56, 57. , 58, 59, 60 may be controlled to be driven and stopped, and the number of revolutions of the pumps 56, 57, 58, 59, 60 may be controlled.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the air cooler 40 is arranged in the intake duct 20 of the compressor 11, and the cooling water is sprayed on the air after being taken into the intake duct 20. Not limited to. For example, an air cooler may be arranged outside the intake duct 20 so as to spray the cooling water on the air before being taken into the intake duct 20.

10 Gas turbine 11 Compressor 12 Combustor 13 Turbine 14 Rotating shaft 15 Generator 31 Duct body 40 Air cooler 41, 42, 43, 44, 45 Nozzle unit 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 Spray nozzle 51, 52, 53, 54, 55 Piping 56, 57, 58, 59, 60 Pump 61, 62, 63, 64, 65 On-off valve 66 Collective piping 67 Cooling water tank 70 Control device 71 Atmospheric thermometer 72 Atmospheric humidity meter 73 Compressor inlet humidity Total 74 Flow meter 75 Display unit 76 Storage unit 81 Setting unit 82 Comparison unit 83 PI control unit 84 Correction unit 85 Judgment unit

Claims (11)

A compressor that compresses air,
A combustor that mixes and burns compressed air compressed by the compressor and fuel, and
A turbine that obtains rotational power from the combustion gas generated by the combustor, and
An air cooler that sprays cooling water from the spray nozzle onto the air taken in by the compressor,
A control device that controls the air cooler,
Equipped with
The air cooler is set with a spray reference characteristic which is a reference relationship between the spray flow rate command value and the spray flow rate value in the air cooler.
The control device sets a spray flow rate command value based on the spray reference characteristic and sets a predicted predicted value, and when the difference between the predicted value and the actual value exceeds a preset determination value, It is determined that the spray nozzle has deteriorated, the actual spray characteristic is defined based on the difference, and the spray flow rate command value and the predicted value are corrected based on the actual spray characteristic.
A gas turbine characterized by that. The control device has a difference between the predicted spray flow rate value predicted based on the spray reference characteristic and the actual actual spray flow rate value, and / or a predicted spray flow rate command value predicted based on the spray reference characteristic. The degree of deterioration of the spray nozzle is determined by either the difference from the actual actual spray flow rate command value.
The gas turbine according to claim 1. The control device has a first predicted spray flow rate value predicted to be sprayed by the air cooler based on the spray reference characteristics when a first spray flow rate command value is set in the air cooler, and the air cooler. The gas turbine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzle is determined by the difference from the first actual spray flow rate value actually sprayed by the gas turbine. The control device includes a second predicted spray flow rate command value that is predicted to be set in the air cooler based on the spray reference characteristics when the air cooler actually sprays the second spray flow rate value. The gas turbine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzle is determined by the difference from the second actual spray flow rate command value actually set in the air cooler. The gas turbine according to claim 3, wherein the control device corrects the first spray flow rate command value so that the difference between the first predicted spray flow rate value and the first actual spray flow rate value is reduced. .. 4. The control device is characterized in that the second predicted spray flow rate command value is corrected so that the difference between the second predicted spray flow rate command value and the second actual spray flow rate command value is reduced. The described gas turbine. The gas turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the control device determines that the spray nozzle has deteriorated when the difference exceeds a preset determination value. The gas turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a display unit for displaying the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzle determined by the control device is provided. The control device said after the correction for the difference between the predicted spray flow rate value and the actual spray flow rate value and / or the difference between the predicted spray flow rate command value and the actual spray flow rate command value is completed. The gas turbine according to claim 2, wherein the predicted spray flow rate value is regarded as the actual spray flow rate value actually sprayed by the air cooler. The air cooler has a plurality of the spray nozzles, and the control device sets the number of operations of the spray nozzles, determines the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzles for each number of operations of the spray nozzles, and determines the number of operations. The invention according to any one of claims 1 to 9 , wherein the deteriorated spray nozzle is specified from a plurality of the spray nozzles based on the degree of deterioration of the spray nozzle determined for each. gas turbine. A compressor that compresses air,
A combustor that mixes and burns compressed air compressed by the compressor and fuel, and
A turbine that obtains rotational power from the combustion gas generated by the combustor, and
An air cooler that sprays cooling water from the spray nozzle onto the air taken in by the compressor,
Equipped with
A step of setting the spray reference characteristic, which is the relationship between the spray flow rate command value and the spray flow rate value in the air cooler, in the air cooler.
The spray flow rate command value is set based on the spray reference characteristic, and the predicted value is set. When the difference between the predicted value and the actual value exceeds a preset determination value, the spray nozzle deteriorates . A step of determining that the spray flow rate has been determined, defining the actual spray characteristics based on the difference, and correcting the spray flow rate command value and the predicted value based on the actual spray characteristics .
A method of operating a gas turbine, characterized in that it has.

Images