JP7037369B2 - Building floor structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to the floor structure of a building.

In a multi-story unit-type building having a lower floor and an upper floor, an interfloor space is formed between the ceiling surface material of the lower floor and the floor material of the upper floor. In such a building, when an impact sound (floor impact sound) is generated due to an object falling on the floor of the upper floor, it is assumed that the floor impact sound is transmitted to the lower floor through the interfloor space. Will be done.

Therefore, as a measure against the propagation of sound to such a lower floor, Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which a sound insulating member and a vibration damping damper are provided on the floor of the upper floor. According to such a configuration, the impact sound generated on the floor of the upper floor can be blocked by the sound insulating member or reduced by the vibration damping damper, and as a result, the floor impact sound is suppressed from being transmitted to the lower floor. It is possible.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-231716

In the configuration of Cited Document 1 described above, if the floor impact sound generated on the floor of the upper floor cannot be sufficiently reduced by the sound insulating member or the like provided on the floor of the upper floor, the sound cannot be completely reduced. May be transmitted to the lower floors. Therefore, it is considered that the configuration of Patent Document 1 still has room for improvement in suppressing the transmission of sound to the lower floors.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and in a multi-story building having a lower floor and an upper floor, the floor impact sound generated in the upper floor is transmitted to the lower floor. The main purpose is to provide a floor-to-floor structure of a building that can be reliably suppressed.

In order to solve the above problems, the interfloor structure of the building of the first invention is applied to a building having a lower floor portion and an upper floor portion adjacent to the upper and lower floors, and the ceiling surface material of the lower floor portion and the upper floor portion. An inter-floor space is formed between the floor surface material and the ceiling surface material, and a sound absorbing sheet is attached to the inter-floor space side of the ceiling surface material.

As described above, if the impact sound (floor impact sound) generated on the floor of the upper floor cannot be sufficiently reduced by the sound insulating member or the like provided on the floor of the upper floor, it cannot be completely reduced. It is assumed that the impact sound is transmitted to the lower floor side through the interfloor space. Therefore, in view of this point, in the present invention, a sound absorbing sheet is attached to the inter-floor space side of the ceiling surface material of the lower floor. In this case, even if the sound that cannot be completely reduced by the sound insulating member on the upper floor propagates to the side on the lower floor, the sound can be absorbed by the sound absorbing sheet. In this case, the vibration of the ceiling surface material can be absorbed (suppressed) by the sound absorbing sheet, so that the sound exit to the lower floor (specifically, the living space under the ceiling surface material in the lower floor). It is possible to suitably reduce the sound in the ceiling surface material. Therefore, in this case, it is possible to more reliably suppress the floor impact sound generated in the upper floor from being transmitted to the lower floor.

In the first invention, the inter-floor structure of the building of the second invention is applied to a unit type building in which the lower floor and the upper floor are each composed of a building unit, and the upper floor is said to be the same. The building unit includes a plurality of floor beams provided side by side and the floor surface material supported from below by the floor beams, and the building unit on the lower floor is provided side by side. It is characterized by including a plurality of ceiling beams, the ceiling surface material supported from above by the ceiling beams, and the sound absorbing sheet attached to the upper surface of the ceiling surface material.

In the present invention, the first invention is applied to a unit type building. In a unit-type building, a building unit is manufactured in advance at a manufacturing factory, and the manufactured building unit is transported to a site and installed to construct the building. At the manufacturing plant, building units are manufactured including ceiling surface materials and floor surface materials. Therefore, in the present invention, the sound absorbing sheet can be attached to the ceiling surface material of the building unit in advance in the manufacturing factory, and the attaching operation can be performed relatively easily. In this case, since it is not necessary to attach the sound absorbing sheet at the site, the effect of the first invention can be obtained without increasing the man-hours at the site.

As for the inter-floor structure of the building of the third invention, in the second invention, the building unit on the lower floor is attached with a field edge extending along the ceiling beam below each ceiling beam. The ceiling surface material is attached to the lower surface of the field edge, and the sound absorbing sheet is arranged between the field edges on the upper surface of the ceiling surface material.

According to the present invention, since the sound absorbing sheet is arranged between each field edge on the upper surface of the ceiling surface material, the sound absorbing sheet does not intervene between the ceiling surface material and the field edge. Therefore, each of the above-mentioned effects can be obtained while avoiding the unstable mounting state of the ceiling surface material with respect to the field edge.

The inter-floor structure of the building of the fourth invention is, in any one of the first to third inventions, a sound insulation structure in which the floor portion of the upper floor is shielded from the lightweight floor impact sound added to the floor surface material. It is characterized in that a vibration damping damper for reducing the heavy floor impact noise added to the floor surface material is provided.

According to the present invention, since the sound insulation structure and the vibration damping damper are provided on the floor of the upper floor, when either the lightweight floor impact sound or the heavy floor impact sound is generated on the floor of the upper floor. However, it is possible to reduce the impact noise. Further, since the sound that cannot be completely reduced by the sound insulation structure and the vibration damping damper can be absorbed by the sound absorbing sheet, the transmission of the sound to the lower floors can be suppressed more reliably.

A vertical sectional view showing the structure of the inter-floor portion. The plan view which shows the sticking state of the sound absorbing sheet to the ceiling surface material. A perspective view showing an outline of a unit-type building. The perspective view which shows the structure of a building unit.

Hereinafter, an embodiment embodying the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the present embodiment, the present invention is embodied in a two-story unit-type building having a steel-framed rigid frame structure. A unit-type building is a building constructed by combining a plurality of building units with each other. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an outline of the unit type building, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the building unit.

As shown in FIG. 3, a building 10 such as a house includes a building main body 12 provided on a foundation 11 and a roof portion 13 provided above the building main body 12. The building body 12 is a two-story building having a first floor portion 14 as a lower floor portion and a second floor portion 15 as an upper floor portion. The first floor portion 14 and the second floor portion 15 are each composed of a plurality of building units 20. It is configured. These building units 20 are manufactured in advance at a manufacturing factory and then transported to a construction site by a truck or the like. The building unit 20 constituting the first floor portion 14 may be referred to as a lower floor unit, and the building unit 20 constituting the second floor portion 15 may be referred to as an upper floor unit.

As shown in FIG. 4, the building unit 20 has four pillars 21 arranged at its four corners, and four ceiling girders 22 and floor girders 23 connecting the upper end and the lower end of each pillar 21, respectively. And prepare. A rectangular parallelepiped skeleton (frame) is formed by the pillars 21, the ceiling girder 22, and the floor girder 23. The pillar 21 is made of square tubular steel. The ceiling girder 22 and the floor girder 23 are made of channel steel having a U-shaped cross section, and are installed so that their openings face each other.

A plurality of ceiling beams 25 are laid at predetermined intervals (specifically, at equal intervals) between the ceiling beams 22 facing each other on the long sides of the building unit 20. Similarly, a plurality of floor beams 26 are bridged between the opposite floor beams 23 on the long sides of the building unit 20 at predetermined intervals (specifically, at equal intervals). The ceiling beam 25 and the floor beam 26 are provided at the same interval and at positions corresponding to the upper and lower sides, respectively. The ceiling beam 25 is made of lip channel steel, and the floor beam 26 is made of square steel. Further, the ceiling surface material 27 is supported from above by the ceiling beam 25, and the floor surface material 28 is supported from below by the floor beam 26.

Next, the configuration of the inter-floor portion, which is the boundary portion between the first floor portion 14 and the second floor portion 15, will be described. FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the structure of the inter-floor portion.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the first floor portion 14, a first floor space 31 is formed below the ceiling surface material 27. In the second floor portion 15, a second floor space 32 is formed above the floor surface material 28. The first floor space 31 and the second floor space 32 are all living spaces such as a living room, a dining room, and a bedroom.

An interfloor space 33 is formed between the ceiling surface material 27 of the first floor portion 14 and the floor surface material 28 of the second floor portion 15. The inter-floor space 33 is vertically partitioned from the first floor space 31 by the ceiling surface material 27 of the first floor portion 14, and is vertically partitioned from the second floor space 32 by the floor surface material 28 of the second floor portion 15.

A plurality of floor beams 26 are provided side by side on the floor of the second floor portion 15. A floor surface material 28 is provided on these floor beams 26. The floor surface material 28 includes a floor base surface material 35 provided so as to straddle the upper surface of each floor beam 26, a vibration damping sheet 36 stacked on the floor base surface material 35, and a vibration damping sheet 36 thereof. It has a floor base surface material 37 stacked on top of the floor base surface material 37, and a floor finish top surface material 38 stacked on the floor base surface material 37.

The floor base surface material 35 is made of particle board. The vibration damping sheet 36 is made of an asphalt-based vibration damping sheet, and is formed in a sheet shape, for example, by impregnating asphalt with iron oxide powder. The vibration damping sheet 36 has sound insulation performance, and blocks the floor impact sound applied on the floor surface material 28 from being transmitted to the first floor portion 14. Therefore, the vibration damping sheet 36 can also be called a sound insulating sheet. The vibration damping sheet 36 has a particularly high effect of blocking the lightweight floor impact sound among the lightweight floor impact sound and the heavy floor impact sound.

The floor base surface material 37 is made of plywood. The floor finish surface material 38 is made of sound-insulating flooring having sound-insulating performance. Similar to the vibration damping sheet 36, the floor finishing surface material 38 blocks the floor impact sound applied on the floor surface material 28 from being transmitted to the first floor portion 14, and has an effect of particularly blocking the lightweight floor impact sound. Is high. In this case, the vibration damping sheet 36 and the floor finishing surface material 38 form a sound insulating structure that blocks the lightweight floor impact sound.

By the way, the heavy floor impact sound is a relatively low sound generated when a child jumps or runs around on the floor material 28 of the second floor portion 15, and the lightweight floor impact sound is an article such as a spoon as a floor material. 28 It is a relatively high sound that occurs when dropped on the floor.

A vibration damping damper 41 that absorbs the vibration energy applied to the floor beam 26 is attached to the floor beam 26. The vibration damping damper 41 reduces the floor impact noise generated by the floor material 28 of the second floor portion 15. The vibration damping damper 41 is particularly effective in reducing the heavy floor impact sound among the lightweight floor impact sound and the heavy floor impact sound. The vibration damping damper 41 is attached to each floor beam 26, for example, at the center position in the longitudinal direction of each floor beam 26.

The vibration damping damper 41 has a bracket 42 fixed to the floor beam 26, an elastic member 43 fixed to the bracket 42, and a weight member 44 attached to the bracket 42 via the elastic member 43. There is. The bracket 42 is a metal plate material fixed to the lower surface of the floor beam 26 by welding or the like, and protrudes laterally from the floor beam 26 in the width direction (short direction) of the floor beam 26. .. The elastic member 43 is made of a material such as elastically deformable rubber, and the weight member 44 is made of a metal material. The weight members 44 are arranged on both sides of the floor beam 26, and each of the weight members 44 is placed on the bracket 42 via the elastic member 43.

In the vibration damping damper 41, the elastic member 43 enables the relative movement of the weight member 44 with respect to the floor beam 26. Therefore, when the floor beam 26 is shaken due to the sound generated on the floor material 28 of the second floor portion 15, the elastic member 43 is elastically deformed and the weight member 44 is different from the floor beam 26. Move in the opposite direction. In this case, the vibration energy applied to the floor beam 26 is absorbed by the vibration damping damper 41, so that the heavy floor impact sound is reduced by the vibration damping damper 41.

Subsequently, the configuration of the ceiling portion of the first floor portion 14 will be described. A plurality of ceiling beams 25 are provided side by side on the ceiling portion of the first floor portion 14. A field edge 51 is attached to the lower surface of each ceiling beam 25. These field edges 51 are made of long wooden timber and extend along the longitudinal direction of the ceiling beam 25. Further, although not shown, a field edge 51 is attached to the lower surface of the ceiling girder 22 on the short side arranged in parallel with the ceiling girder 25 among the ceiling girders 22, and the field edge 51 is the ceiling. It extends along the longitudinal direction of the girder 22.

A ceiling surface material 27 is attached to the lower surface of each field edge 51 with screws or the like. The ceiling surface material 27 is made of two layers of gypsum board. A sound absorbing sheet 52 is attached to the upper surface of the ceiling surface material 27. The sound absorbing sheet 52 is made of a composite sheet in which butyl rubber and aluminum foil are laminated. The sound absorbing sheet 52 absorbs sound by converting the input sound energy into heat energy.

When the floor impact sound generated on the floor of the second floor portion 15 propagates to the first floor portion 14 side through the interfloor space 33, the sound is absorbed by the sound absorbing sheet 52. The sound absorbing sheet 52 has a sound absorbing effect on both the lightweight floor impact sound and the heavy floor impact sound, and has a particularly high sound absorbing effect on the heavy floor impact sound. Further, the sound absorbing sheet 52 also has an effect of reducing vibration (sound) generated in the ceiling surface material 27.

As the sound absorbing sheet 52, it is not always necessary to use a composite sheet of butyl rubber and aluminum foil, and another sound absorbing sheet may be used.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a state in which the sound absorbing sheet 52 is attached to the ceiling surface material 27. As shown in FIG. 2, the sound absorbing sheet 52 is attached to a region between adjacent field edges 51 (hereinafter referred to as a field edge region 54) on the upper surface of the ceiling surface material 27. The sound absorbing sheet 52 is arranged so as to cover the entire area in the field edge region 54. Specifically, the sound absorbing sheet 52 has a length smaller (slightly smaller) than the distance between adjacent field edges 51 in the line-up direction of each field edge 51, and the area 54 is formed in the field edge area 54. They are arranged so as to be separated from each field edge 51 on both sides of the sandwich. Therefore, there is a slight gap between the sound absorbing sheet 52 and the field edge 51. However, the length of the sound absorbing sheet 52 in the arrangement direction of the field edges 51 may be the same as the distance between the adjacent field edges 51 so that no gap is formed between the sound absorbing sheet 52 and the field edge 51.

The sound absorbing sheet 52 is arranged in the inter-field edge region 54 so as to cover the entire longitudinal direction of the field edge 51. In the present embodiment, the sound absorbing sheet 52 is divided into a plurality (specifically, two) in the longitudinal direction of the field edge 51, and the plurality of divided sound absorbing sheets 52 are arranged so as to cover the entire longitudinal direction of the field edge 51. Has been done. The sound absorbing sheet 52 does not necessarily have to be divided in the longitudinal direction of the field edge 51, and one sound absorbing sheet 52 may be arranged over the entire longitudinal direction of the field edge 51.

Glass wool 56 is provided above the ceiling surface material 27 to which the sound absorbing sheet 52 is attached. The glass wool 56 is arranged so as to cover the entire ceiling surface material 27 in the interfloor space 33. The glass wool 56 is arranged so as to straddle each floor beam 26. The glass wool 56 is inserted between the floor beams 26, and the inserted portions are arranged so as to be overlapped on the sound absorbing sheet 52. The glass wool 56 has a sound absorbing performance, and absorbs the floor impact sound generated in the floor portion of the second floor portion 15 in the floor space 33. Further, the glass wool 56 has a particularly high sound absorbing effect on a lightweight floor impact sound.

Next, the work flow when constructing the above-mentioned building 10 will be described.

First, in the manufacturing factory, each building unit 20 constituting the building 10 is manufactured. When manufacturing the building unit 20, the ceiling surface material 27 is attached to the ceiling portion of the building unit 20, and the floor surface material 28 is attached to the floor portion.

After that, for the building unit 20 of the first floor portion 14, the sound absorbing sheet 52 is attached to the upper surface of the ceiling surface material 27. Then, glass wool 56 is spread over the ceiling surface material 27 to which the sound absorbing sheet 52 is attached. Further, for the building unit 20 on the second floor portion 15, a vibration damping damper 41 is attached to each floor beam 26.

After manufacturing each building unit 20, the building unit 20 is transported to the construction site by truck. At the construction site, each building unit 20 is installed at a predetermined position and connected to each other. As a result, the building 10 is constructed.

As described above, in the unit type building 10, the configuration for suppressing the transmission of sound in the inter-floor portion between the first floor portion 14 and the second floor portion 15 (specifically, the floor material 28 (36, 38)). The sound insulation structure, vibration damping damper 41, sound absorbing sheet 52, and glass wool 56) are all assembled to the building unit 20 at the manufacturing plant.

According to the configuration of the present embodiment described in detail above, the following excellent effects can be obtained.

The floor impact sound generated on the floor of the second floor portion 15 could not be sufficiently reduced by the sound insulation structure (vibration damping sheet 36 and floor finishing surface material 38) and the vibration damping damper 41 provided on the floor of the second floor portion 15. In this case, it is assumed that the impact sound that cannot be completely reduced is transmitted to the side of the first floor portion 14 via the floor space 33. In that respect, in the above embodiment, since the sound absorbing sheet 52 is attached on the ceiling surface material 27 of the first floor portion 14 (on the floor space 33 side), the sound that could not be completely reduced is the first floor portion 14. Even if it propagates to the side of, the sound can be absorbed by the sound absorbing sheet 52. Further, in this case, since it is possible to absorb (suppress) the vibration of the ceiling surface material 27 by the sound absorbing sheet 52, the sound is suitably reduced in the ceiling surface material 27 which is the outlet of the sound to the first floor space 31. It becomes possible to plan. Therefore, in this case, it is possible to more reliably suppress the floor impact sound generated in the second floor portion 15 from being transmitted to the first floor portion 14.

In the unit type building, the building unit 20 is manufactured in the manufacturing factory including the ceiling surface material 27 and the floor surface material 28. Therefore, the sound absorbing sheet 52 can be attached to the ceiling surface material 27 of the building unit 20 in advance at the manufacturing factory, and the attaching operation can be performed relatively easily. With such a configuration, it is not necessary to perform the work of attaching the sound absorbing sheet 52 at the site, so that the above-mentioned effect can be obtained without increasing the man-hours at the site.

Since the sound absorbing sheet 52 is arranged between the field edges 51 on the upper surface of the ceiling surface material 27, the sound absorbing sheet 52 does not intervene between the ceiling surface material 27 and the field edge 51. Therefore, each of the above-mentioned effects can be obtained while avoiding the unstable mounting state of the ceiling surface material 27 with respect to the field edge 51.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and may be implemented as follows, for example.

-In the above embodiment, the floor of the second floor portion 15 is provided with a sound insulating structure (specifically, a floor finishing surface material 38 made of a vibration damping sheet 36 and a sound insulating flooring) and a vibration damping damper 41. Therefore, although the floor impact noise has been reduced on the floor of the second floor portion 15, the floor side configuration of the second floor portion 15 does not necessarily have to be such a configuration. For example, instead of providing the vibration damping damper 41 on the floor of the second floor portion 15, another vibration damping structure may be provided. Further, the vibration damping structure such as the vibration damping damper 41 may not be provided, but only the sound insulating structure may be provided.

In the above embodiment, the sound absorbing sheet 52 is attached to the area between the adjacent field edges 51 on the upper surface of the ceiling surface material 27 (field edge area 54), but the sound absorbing sheet 52 is attached to the ceiling surface material 27. The mode (pasting range) may be arbitrary. For example, the sound absorbing sheet 52 may be attached to the entire upper surface of the ceiling surface material 27. However, in that case, the sound absorbing sheet 52 is interposed between the ceiling surface material 27 and the field edge 51, and the mounting state of the ceiling surface material 27 with respect to the field edge 51 may become unstable. Therefore, in view of this point, it is desirable to arrange the sound absorbing sheet 52 only in the region between the field edges 51 as in the above embodiment.

-In the above embodiment, the present invention is applied to a unit type building, but the present invention can also be applied to a building having another structure such as a building constructed by a steel frame construction method.

In the above embodiment, the present invention is applied to a two-story building, but the present invention may be applied to, for example, a three-story or more building. For example, in a three-story building, the present invention may be applied to the inter-floor portion between the second floor portion and the third floor portion.

10 ... building, 14 ... first floor as lower floor, 15 ... second floor as upper floor, 20 ... building unit, 25 ... ceiling beam, 26 ... floor beam, 27 ... ceiling surface material, 28 ... Floor material, 33 ... floor space, 41 ... vibration damping damper, 51 ... field edge, 52 ... sound absorbing sheet.

Claims (2)

It has lower and upper floors that are adjacent to each other .
It is applied to a unit-type building in which the lower floor and the upper floor are each composed of building units .
The building unit on the upper floor includes a plurality of floor beams provided side by side and a flooring material supported from below by the floor beams.
The building unit on the lower floor includes a plurality of ceiling beams provided side by side, a plurality of field edges attached below each ceiling beam and extending along the ceiling beam, and the field edges thereof. Includes ceiling surface material mounted on the underside,
An interfloor space is formed between the ceiling surface material and the floor surface material.
A sound absorbing sheet is attached to the floor space side of the ceiling surface material.
The sound absorbing sheet is attached to the entire upper surface of the ceiling surface material, and is interposed between the ceiling surface material and the field edge . The floor of the upper floor is provided with a sound insulating structure that blocks the lightweight floor impact sound applied to the floor material and a vibration damping damper that reduces the heavy floor impact sound applied to the floor material. The interfloor structure of the building according to claim 1 , characterized in that.

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