JP7030658B2 - Magnetic refrigerator - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a magnetic refrigerator.

In a magnetic refrigerating machine, which is a property of a magnetic material, when it is excited by applying a magnetic field from the outside, the magnetic moments are aligned and generate heat, and when degaussed, the magnetic moments are unaligned and absorb heat. It's being used.

According to the magnetic refrigerator disclosed in Patent Document 1, the magnetic material fixed to the revolver portion rotates and moves with respect to a magnetic field, so that heat generation and heat absorption of the magnetic material are repeated. Further, according to this magnetic refrigerator, a heat absorber that absorbs heat from the outside and a heat exhaust device that discharges heat to the outside are provided in the flow path of the refrigerant. Then, due to the rotational movement of the revolver portion, switching is performed between the first flow path in which the high-temperature refrigerant flows from the heat absorber to the exhaust heat generator and the second flow path in which the low-temperature refrigerant flows from the exhaust heat absorber to the heat absorber. Will be. By repeating the exhaust heat to the first flow path and the heat absorption in the second flow path in this way, heat is transferred from the second flow path to the first flow path. Can be cooled.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2007-187368

In the magnetic refrigerator disclosed in Patent Document 1, the first flow path through which the high-temperature refrigerant flows and the second flow path through which the low-temperature refrigerant flows are switched according to the rotational movement of the revolver portion. Therefore, when the revolver portion rotates, the high-temperature refrigerant whose temperature has risen due to the heat generated by the magnetic material and the low-temperature refrigerant whose temperature has dropped due to the endothermic heat of the magnetic material may mix, and the cooling efficiency may decrease. be.

The present invention has been made by paying attention to such a problem, and suppresses a decrease in cooling efficiency by separating a first flow path through which a high-temperature refrigerant flows and a second flow path through which a low-temperature refrigerant flows. It is an object of the present invention to provide a magnetic refrigerator.

The magnetic refrigerating machine of the present invention has a first flow path through which a high-temperature refrigerant flows from a heat absorber that absorbs heat from an object to be cooled to a heat exhaust device that discharges heat to the outside, and a heat absorber to a heat absorber. A second flow path through which a low-temperature refrigerant flows, a bypass portion connecting the first flow path and the second flow path, and a heat-absorbing body configured to be movable in the bypass portion, which is a heat absorbing / heating element of the first flow path. A heat-absorbing body having a separating plate that separates the side and the side of the second flow path, a magnetic material that absorbs heat or generates heat according to magnetism, and a heat-absorbing body, the first flow path and the second flow path. A moving means for moving between a portion where the flow velocity of the refrigerant is high and a portion where the flow velocity of the refrigerant in the bypass portion is slow, and changing the distance between the heat absorbing and generating element and the magnetic generating means to absorb or generate heat of the heat absorbing and generating element. And have.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the decrease in cooling efficiency can be suppressed by separating the flow path of the high temperature refrigerant and the flow path of the low temperature refrigerant by the separating plate.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of the magnetic refrigerator of the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a top view of the magnetic refrigerator in state A. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. FIG. 4 is a top view of the magnetic refrigerator in state B. FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of the magnetic refrigerator of the second embodiment. FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of the magnetic refrigerator of the third embodiment. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a temperature distribution in a magnetic refrigerator.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First Embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of the magnetic refrigerator of the first embodiment.

In the magnetic refrigerator 100, a heating element 21 having a magnetic material as a heat exchange substance is used. When the heating element 21 is excited, the entropy becomes small due to the magnetic heat quantity effect and heat is generated. On the other hand, when the heating element 21 is demagnetized, the entropy increases and the heating element 21 absorbs heat. By causing such an endothermic heating element 21 to generate heat and heat and exchange heat with the refrigerant, it is possible to realize cooling of the object using the refrigerant in the magnetic refrigerator 100.

In the magnetic refrigerator 100, the refrigerant is circulated in the order of the heat absorber 2 and the heat exhaust device 3 by the pump 1. The heat absorber 2 absorbs heat from an object to be cooled (not shown) that comes into contact with the heat absorber 2 to cool the heat absorber 2. The heat exhaust device 3 is, for example, a radiator or the like and discharges heat to the outside such as the atmosphere. In the annular flow path through which the refrigerant flows, the flow path through which the high-temperature refrigerant from the heat absorber 2 to the heat absorber 3 passes is referred to as the first flow path 11, and the flow through which the low-temperature refrigerant from the heat absorber 3 to the heat absorber 2 passes. The road is referred to as a second flow path 12.

Further, in the flow path of the refrigerant of the magnetic refrigerator 100, a bypass portion 13 connecting both intermediate portions of the first flow path 11 and the second flow path 12 is provided. A part of the first flow path 11 in the vicinity of the bypass part 13 is referred to as a heat exhausting part 14, and a part of the second flow path 12 in the vicinity of the bypass part 13 is referred to as an endothermic part 15. The heat exhaust section 14 and the endothermic section 15 are part of the annular flow path, but are shown enlarged in the figure for readability. The heat exhaust unit 14 and the heat absorption unit 15 are configured as a part of the annular flow path, and the flow velocity of the refrigerant in the heat exhaust unit 14 and the heat absorption unit 15 is relatively high, so that the heat exchange efficiency by the heat exchanger 20 is high. .. On the other hand, the bypass portion 13 is a flow path formed separately from the first flow path 11 and the second flow path 12, and the flow path on the first flow path 11 side and the first flow path by the isolation plate 26 described later. Since the flow path on the two flow paths 12 side is isolated and the refrigerant does not pass between the first flow path 11 and the second flow path 12 via the bypass portion 13, the flow rate of the refrigerant is relatively slow and heat is generated. The heat exchange efficiency of the exchanger 20 is low.

A heat exchanger 20 is arranged in the bypass unit 13, the heat exhaust unit 14, and the heat absorption unit 15.

The heat exchanger 20 is composed of a heat absorbing / generating body 21 that absorbs heat according to magnetism, a magnetic generating means 22 such as a permanent magnet, and a moving means 23 that moves the heat absorbing / generating body 21 within the bypass portion 13.

The heat absorbing / generating body 21 is provided between the magnetic working substance 24 made of a magnetic material, the cooling fin 25 which is a metal body and has higher thermal conductivity than the magnetic working material 24, and the magnetic working material 24 and the cooling fin 25. A separating plate 26 is provided. The isolation plate 26 is configured to be slidable with respect to the inner week surface of the bypass portion 13, for example. The space in the bypass portion 13 is separated into the side of the first flow path 11 and the side of the second flow path 12 by the isolation plate 26. Gadolinium or the like is used as the magnetic material of such a magnetic working substance 24.

The magnetic working substance 24 and the cooling fins 25 are configured in a multi-pipe structure so that the surface area for heat exchange with the refrigerant is large. Specifically, the isolation plate 26 and the end faces 24A and 25A provided in parallel between the isolation plates 26 are connected so as to be perpendicular to both the isolation plate 26 and the end faces 24A and 25A. A plurality of pipe portions (wall portions) 24B and 25B are provided. In each of the pipe portions 24B and 25B, a passage for passing the refrigerant is formed between the plurality of pipe portions 24B and 25B. The end faces 24A and 25A are made of a heat insulating material, and the pipe portions 24B and 25B are made of a magnetic material and a metal, respectively. The end faces 24A and 25A may be made of a magnetic material and a metal, respectively.

With such a multi-tube structure, the magnetic working material 24 protrudes to the heat exhaust portion 14 of the first flow path 11, or the cooling fins 25 project to the heat absorption portion 15 of the second flow path 12. The surface area where heat exchange with the refrigerant is performed becomes large, and the heat exchange efficiency can be improved. Further, when housed in the bypass portion 13, the end faces 24A and 25A suppress the inflow of the refrigerant from the first flow path 11 or the second flow path 12 into the bypass portion 13, and the heat insulating material is used. Since heat conduction is suppressed by certain end faces 24A and 25A, heat exchange efficiency can be lowered.

The magnetic generating means 22 is arranged in the vicinity of the heat exhausting portion 14 and on the opposite side of the bypass portion 13. The magnetizing means 22 is, for example, a permanent magnet. The moving means 23 is configured so that the isolation plate 26 can be moved in the bypass portion 13. More specifically, the moving means 23 is composed of a rod portion 23A connected to the isolation plate 26 and a disk-shaped rotating portion 23B having the rod portion 23A on the side surface on the outer edge side thereof. The isolation plate 26 moves in the bypass portion 13 by converting the rotational motion of the rotating portion 23B into the piston motion of the rod portion 23A. The magnetic refrigerator 100 repeats a state A in which the magnetic working substance 24 approaches the magnetic generating means 22 and generates heat, and a state B in which the magnetic working substance 24 moves away from the magnetic generating means 22 and absorbs heat, and cools the object in the heat absorber 2. do.

FIG. 2 is a top view of the magnetic refrigerator 100 in the state A. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. In the state A, the magnetic working substance 24 projects to the heat exhaust portion 14, and the cooling fins 25 are housed in the bypass portion 13. In such a state, the distance between the magnetic generating means 22 and the magnetic working substance 24 becomes short.

As shown in FIG. 3, in the bypass portion 13, the isolation plate 26 is configured to be movable in the left-right direction in the figure. The rod portion 23A of the moving means 23 is exposed to the outside of the housing of the bypass portion 13, and the exposed portion of the rod portion 23A is covered with a cover 27 made of a soft and highly airtight material. One end of the cover 27 is fixed to the housing of the bypass portion 13, and the other end is connected to the rotating portion 23B. By providing the cover 27 in this way, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant from leaking from the bypass portion 13 through the sliding portion.

In such a state A, since the magnetic working material 24 protrudes to the heat exhausting portion 14 of the first flow path 11 and approaches the magnetic generating means 22, the magnetic working material 24 is excited and the entropy becomes small due to the magnetic heat quantity effect, and heat is generated. do. In the heat exhaust section 14, the refrigerant passes through the inside of the heating element 21 having a protruding multi-tube structure, so that the heat exchange efficiency is high. Then, since the heat generated by the magnetic working material 24 is exhausted to the refrigerant of the waste heat unit 14, the entropy of the heating element 21 is increased without increasing the temperature, and the exhaust heat in the heat exhaust unit 14 causes the first flow. The temperature of the refrigerant in the road 11 rises.

On the other hand, the cooling fins 25 are housed in the bypass portion 13 and do not protrude into the heat absorbing portion 15 of the second flow path 12. In the cooling fins 25 having a multi-pipe structure, the end face 25A, which is a heat insulating material, suppresses the inflow of the refrigerant into the interior, so that the heat exchange efficiency of the cooling fins 25 is low. Therefore, it is suppressed that the heat generated by the magnetic working substance 24 is transferred to the refrigerant on the endothermic portion 15 side via the isolation plate 26 and the cooling fins 25. Therefore, the temperature rise of the refrigerant in the second flow path 12 is suppressed.

Since the isolation plate 26 can move while sealing the inside of the bypass portion 13, the heat exhaust portion 14 which is a part of the first flow path 11 and a part of the second flow path 12 in the bypass portion 13 Mixing of the refrigerant with the endothermic unit 15 is suppressed.

FIG. 4 is a top view of the magnetic refrigerator 100 in the state B. FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. In the state B, the cooling fins 25 project to the endothermic portion 15 of the second flow path 12, and the heating element 21 is housed in the bypass portion 13. In this way, when the isolation plate 26 is moved by the moving means 23 and the heating element 21 is accommodated in the bypass portion 13, the distance between the magnetic working substance 24 and the magnetic generating means 22 becomes long.

In such a state B, the cooling fins 25 project to the endothermic portion 15. In the heat absorbing portion 15, since the refrigerant passes through the inside of the cooling fins 25 having a protruding multi-tube structure, the heat exchange efficiency of the cooling fins 25 is high. Therefore, the heat absorption in the heating element 21 is conducted to the cooling fins 25 via the isolation plate 26, and the refrigerant in the heat absorbing unit 15 is cooled. Therefore, the temperature of the refrigerant in the second flow path 12 drops.

On the other hand, since the magnetic working substance 24 is housed in the bypass portion 13 and moves away from the magnetic generating means 22, the magnetic working substance 24 is demagnetized and has a large entropy due to the magnetic heat quantity effect and absorbs heat. In the heating element 21 housed in the bypass portion 13, the end face 24A, which is a heat insulating material, suppresses the passage of the refrigerant into the inside, and the heat exchange efficiency on the first flow path 11 side of the isolation plate 26 in the bypass portion 13 is suppressed. Will be low. Therefore, it is suppressed that the refrigerant in the heat exhaust section 14 is cooled by the heat absorption of the magnetic work substance 24, and the temperature drop of the refrigerant in the waste heat section 14 is suppressed. Therefore, the temperature drop of the refrigerant in the first flow path 11 is suppressed.

As described above, in the state A, the entropy of the heat absorbing / heating element 21 becomes low due to the excitation, and the temperature of the refrigerant in the heat exhaust section 14 having high heat exchange efficiency rises, but the refrigerant in the heat absorbing section 15 having low heat exchange efficiency rises. The temperature does not change. Therefore, in the first flow path 11, the temperature of the refrigerant whose temperature has risen due to the endothermic action in the heat absorber 2 is further raised in the heat exhaust unit 14, but is finally exhausted by the heat exhaust device 3 and the temperature. Decreases. Focusing on the heating element 21, the heat generated by the heating element 21 is transported to the first flow path 11 (heat exhausting unit 14).

In the state B, the entropy of the heat absorbing / heating element 21 becomes high due to demagnetization, and the temperature of the refrigerant in the heat absorbing section 15 having high heat exchange efficiency drops, but the temperature of the refrigerant in the exhaust heat section 14 having low heat exchange efficiency changes. do not do. Therefore, in the second flow path 12, the temperature of the refrigerant whose temperature has dropped due to the heat exhausting action of the heat absorber 3 is further lowered in the heat absorbing portion 15, and finally, from the object to be cooled in the heat absorbing device 2. The temperature rises due to the endothermic action. That is, focusing on the heating element 21, the heating element 21 absorbs heat from the refrigerant in the second flow path 12 (heat absorbing portion 15).

By repeating such a state A and a state B, heat can be transferred from the second flow path 12 to the first flow path 11 via the heating element 21, and the cooling target can be efficiently cooled by the heat absorber 2. Can be cooled.

In the present embodiment, an example in which the magnetic working substance 24 is provided on the side of the first flow path 11 and the cooling fin 25 is provided on the side of the second flow path 12 among the heating element 21 has been described. , Not limited to this.

As another form, the heating element 21 may be configured only with the magnetic working substance 24 without providing the cooling fins 25.

In such a form, in the state A, a part of the magnetic working substance 24 protrudes to the heat exhaust portion 14, and the other portion of the magnetic working substance 24 is a second flow path than the isolation plate 26 in the bypass portion 13. It is housed on the side of twelve. Since the heat exchange efficiency is low on the side of the second flow path 12 with respect to the isolation plate 26, heating of the refrigerant on the side of the second flow path 12 is suppressed.

In the state B, a part of the magnetic working substance 24 protrudes to the endothermic portion 15, and the other portion of the magnetic working substance 24 is housed on the side of the first flow path 11 with respect to the isolation plate 26 in the bypass portion 13. .. Since the heat exchange efficiency is low on the side of the first flow path 11 with respect to the isolation plate 26, heat absorption from the refrigerant on the side of the first flow path 11 is suppressed.

As described above, in the state A, the heat is exhausted by the heat exhausting portion 14 of the first flow path 11, and in the state B, the heat is absorbed by the heat absorbing portion 15 of the second flow path 12, so that the states A and the state B By repeating the above steps, cooling by the heat absorber 2 can be performed.

As yet another embodiment, contrary to the present embodiment, that is, the cooling fins 25 may be provided on the first flow path 11 side, and the magnetic working material 24 may be provided on the second flow path 12 side. The magnetic generating means 22 is provided in the vicinity of the bypass portion 13, and the distance from the magnetic working substance 24 becomes short in the state A, and the distance from the magnetic working substance 24 becomes long in the state B.

In the state A, the heat generated by the magnetic working substance 24 housed in the bypass portion 13 is exhausted in the heat exhaust portion 14 of the first flow path 11 via the cooling fins 25 protruding toward the first flow path 11. .. In the state B, the heat absorption of the magnetic working substance 24 housed in the bypass portion 13 is caused by a part of the magnetic working substance 24 projecting to the second flow path 12 side, and the refrigerant of the heat exhausting portion 14 of the second flow path 12 is used. Is cooled. By repeating such states A and B, cooling by the endothermic device 2 can be performed.

Further, in the present embodiment, the first flow path 11 and the second flow path 12 form an annular flow path, but the present invention is not limited to this. The first flow path 11 and the second flow path 12 are configured so that different refrigerants (for example, water and oil) flow, and a bypass portion 13 is provided between the first flow path 11 and the second flow path 12. It may be provided and isolated by a separating plate 26.

According to the first embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

According to the magnetic refrigerator 100 of the first embodiment, the heat exchanger is separated from the first flow path 11 side and the second flow path 12 side by the isolation plate 26 included in the heat exchanger 20. 20 can be moved in the bypass portion 13.

In the bypass section 13, since the isolation plate 26 that isolates the bypass section 13 exists, the refrigerant does not pass through the bypass section 13 between the first flow path 11 and the second flow path 12, so that the bypass section 13 does not pass through. On the other hand, it is difficult for the refrigerant to flow in from the first flow path 11 and the second flow path 12. Therefore, the flow velocity of the refrigerant is slow in the bypass portion 13, and the heat exchange efficiency between the heating element 21 and the refrigerant is low.

On the other hand, since the heat exhaust unit 14 and the heat absorption unit 15 are part of the circulation flow path in which the refrigerant circulates, the flow velocity of the refrigerant is high and the heat exchange ratio between the heating element 21 and the refrigerant is high.

In this way, the isolation plate 26 suppresses the mixing of the refrigerant between the first flow path 11 and the second flow path 12, and the portion where the heat exchange ratio with the refrigerant is high (bypass portion 13) and the portion where the heat exchange ratio is low. (Heat exhaust unit 14, heat absorption unit 15) are provided.

With such a configuration, the heating element 21 is the heat exhausting portion 14 in a state where the mixing of the refrigerant on the first flow path 11 side and the refrigerant on the second flow path 12 side is suppressed by the isolation plate 26. It is possible to alternately perform the exhaust heat to the first flow path 11 in the state A protruding from the heat and the heat absorption from the second flow path 12 in the state B in which the heating element 21 protrudes to the heat absorbing portion 15. Therefore, when heat is transferred from the second flow path 12 to the first flow path 11 by the heating element 21, the high temperature refrigerant produced by the work of the magnetic heat quantity effect and the low temperature refrigerant do not mix. It is possible to suppress the mixing loss so that the temperature difference between the two becomes small.

According to the magnetic refrigerator 100 of the first embodiment, when the heating element 21 generates heat due to excitation, the heating element 21 discharges the end portion (magnetic work material 24) on the side of the first flow path 11. Along with projecting to the heating portion 14, the end portion (cooling fin 25) on the side of the second flow path 12 is housed in the bypass portion 13. On the side of the first flow path 11, the end portion (magnetic working material 24) of the heat absorbing / heating element 21 projects to the heat exhausting portion 14, so that the flow velocity of the refrigerant in contact with the heat exchanger 20 is high, and the heat exchanger 20 and the heat exchanger 20 and the heat exchanger 20 have a high flow velocity. Since the flow rate of the refrigerant in contact is increased, the heat exchange efficiency is increased, and the heat generated by the heat absorbing / heating element 21 is discharged to the refrigerant. On the other hand, on the side of the second flow path 12, the end portion (cooling fin 25) of the heating element 21 protrudes to the heating element 15, so that the flow velocity in the bypass unit 13 is slow and the refrigerant comes into contact with the heating element 21. Since the flow rate is small, the heat exchange efficiency is low, and the heat is suppressed from being discharged to the refrigerant in the second flow path 12.

On the other hand, when the heat exchanger 20 absorbs heat by degaussing, the endothermic heating element 21 has an end portion (magnetic working substance 24) on the side of the first flow path 11 accommodated in the bypass portion 13 and the second flow path. The end portion (cooling fin 25) on the side of 12 projects to the endothermic portion 15. On the side of the second flow path 12, the end portion (cooling fin 25) of the heating element 21 projects to the heat absorbing portion 15 having high heat exchange efficiency, so that the refrigerant in the second flow path 12 absorbs heat. On the other hand, on the side of the first flow path 11, the end portion (magnetic working substance 24) of the heating element 21 protrudes to the heat exhaust portion 14 having low heat exchange efficiency, so that the heat of the refrigerant of the first flow path 11 is absorbed. Is suppressed.

With this configuration, the mixing of the refrigerant on the first flow path 11 side and the refrigerant on the second flow path 12 side is suppressed by the isolation plate 26, and the first flow from the second flow path 12 is suppressed. It is possible to realize heat transfer by the heating element 21 to the road 11. As a result, it is possible to suppress the mixing loss due to the mixing of the refrigerant in the first flow path 11 and the refrigerant in the second flow path 12.

According to the magnetic refrigerator 100 of the first embodiment, the magnetic working substance 24 and the cooling fins 25 have end faces 24A and 25A provided on the side of the first flow path 11 or the second flow path 12 and end faces 24A and 25A. It is a multi-pipe structure composed of pipe portions 24B and 25B connecting the isolation plate 26. In each of the pipe portions 24B and 25B, a passage for passing the refrigerant is formed between the plurality of pipe portions 24B and 25B.

With this configuration, in the state of being housed in the bypass portion 13, the passage of the refrigerant in the magnetic working substance 24 and the cooling fin 25 is suppressed, so that waste heat and heat absorption in the bypass portion 13 are suppressed. It can be suppressed. Further, in the state of being projected to the first flow path 11 and the second flow path 12, the surface area between the magnetic working material 24 and the cooling fins 25 between the magnetic working material 24 and the cooling fins 25 becomes large, so that the heat exchange efficiency becomes large. It is possible to promote exhaust heat and heat absorption in the first flow path 11 and the second flow path 12.

According to the magnetic refrigerator 100 of the first embodiment, the heat absorbing / heating element 21 is provided on the side of the first flow path 11, the magnetic working substance 24 made of the magnetic material, and the side of the second flow path 12. , A metal cooling fin 25 connected via a magnetic working material 24 and a separating plate 26.

In the state A in which the magnetic working substance 24 generates heat due to excitation, the magnetic working substance 24 projects to the heat exhausting portion 14 on the side of the first flow path 11 to exhaust heat, so that the refrigerant is heated. On the side of the second flow path 12, the cooling fins 25 are housed in the bypass portion 13, so that the heating of the refrigerant is suppressed. In the state B in which the magnetic working substance 24 absorbs heat due to degaussing, the cooling fins 25 connected to the magnetic working substance 24 via the isolation plate 26 project to the heat absorbing portion 15 on the side of the second flow path 12, so that the refrigerant is discharged. Be cooled. On the side of the first flow path 11, the magnetic working substance 24 is housed in the bypass portion 13, so that the cooling of the refrigerant is suppressed.

With this configuration, the state A and the state B in which either the magnetic working substance 24 or the cooling fin 25 is housed in the bypass portion 13 are alternately performed. Therefore, heat transport from the second flow path 12 to the first flow path 11 is performed in a state where the mixing of the refrigerant on the first flow path 11 side and the refrigerant on the second flow path 12 side is suppressed by the isolation plate 26. This can be done and mixing loss can be suppressed.

According to the magnetic refrigerator 100 of the first embodiment, the moving means 23 has a disk-shaped rotating portion 23B and a rod portion 23A connecting the vicinity of the side surface of the rotating portion 23B and the isolation plate 26. Be prepared. Then, the isolation plate 26 is moved in the bypass portion 13 by the rod portion 23A that operates in association with the rotational movement of the rotating portion 23B. With this configuration, the isolation plate 26 continuously transitions between the state A moving to the side of the first flow path 11 and the state B moving to the side of the second flow path 12. Cooling can be performed by the heat absorber 2 through the exhaust heat and heat absorption in the 1 flow path 11 and the 2nd flow path 12.

(Second Embodiment)
In the first embodiment, an example in which the isolation plate 26 slides with respect to the inner peripheral surface of the bypass portion 13 inside the bypass portion 13 connecting the first flow path 11 and the second flow path 12 has been described. In the present embodiment, an example in which the wall surface of the bypass portion 41 has a bellows structure will be described. In this embodiment, it is assumed that two heat exchangers 20 are provided in the two bypass portions 41.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the magnetic refrigerator 100 of the second embodiment in which the heat exchanger 20 is provided. The magnetic refrigerator 100 is provided with two heat exchangers 20A and 20B. In the first flow path 11, the high-temperature refrigerant flows in the order of the heat exchangers 20B and 20A from the right to the left in the figure. In the second flow path 12, the low-temperature refrigerant flows in the order of the heat exchangers 20A and 20B from the left to the right in the figure. Since the structures of the heat exchangers 20A and 20B are the same, the structures of the heat exchangers 20A on the left side of the drawing will be described below with reference numerals to each configuration.

The wall surface of the bypass portion 41 is formed in a bellows structure, and is configured to be expandable and contractible in the axial direction (flow path direction of the bypass portion 41). A separating plate 26 is fixed to the bypass portion 41 at the center thereof. The space inside the bypass portion 41 is separated by the isolation plate 26 into the first flow path 11 (heat exhaust section 14) side and the second flow path 12 (heat absorption section 15) side. Further, when the isolation plate 26 moves to the side of the heat exhaust portion 14 or the heat absorption portion 15, the bellows structure of the bypass portion 41 is folded. With such a structure, it is not necessary to use a structure in which the isolation plate 26 is slid inside the bypass portion 41 as in the first embodiment, and the structure can be simplified. The outer edge portion of the isolation plate 26 projects to the outside of the bypass portion 41, and an elastic body 42 is provided between the outer edge portion of the isolation plate 26 and the wall surface of the first flow path 11, and the isolation plate 26 is provided. Is close to the first flow path 11 and a repulsive force is generated.

Further, the magnetic refrigerator 100 is provided with an electromagnetic device 43. The electromagnetic device 43 has the functions of the magnetic generating means 22 and the moving means 23 in the first embodiment. The electromagnetic device 43 is composed of a pair of electromagnetic coils 44 facing each other and an iron core 45 provided between the electromagnetic coils 44. When the electromagnetic coil 44 is energized and turned on, a magnetic field is generated in the iron core 45.

In the present embodiment, the switches of the electromagnetic device 43 are alternately switched on and off for the two adjacent heat exchangers 20A and 20B. That is, in the operation of the electromagnetic device 43, the ON in the heat exchanger 20A and the OFF in the heat exchanger 20B are simultaneously performed, and the OFF in the heat exchanger 20A and the ON in the heat exchanger 20B are simultaneously performed. In FIG. 6, it is turned on in the heat exchanger 20A and turned off in the heat exchanger 20B.

When the electromagnetic coil 44 is energized and turned on as in the heat exchanger 20A in the figure, a magnetic force is generated in the iron core 45 and the magnetic working substance 24 is attracted to the iron core 45. As a result, the magnetic working substance 24 projects to the heat exhausting portion 14 and is excited. At this time, the cooling fins 25 are located in the bypass 41 without protruding to the heat absorbing portion 15.

On the other hand, when the energization of the electromagnetic coil 44 is stopped and turned off as in the heat exchanger 20B, the reaction force of the elastic body 42 compressed between the isolation plate 26 and the first flow path 11 causes the reaction force. , The magnetic working substance 24 is housed in the bypass portion 41 of the bellows structure and demagnetized. At this time, the cooling fins 25 project to the endothermic portion 15.

Even with this configuration, the exhaust heat in the first flow path 11 (heat exhaust section 14) in the state A and the heat absorption in the second flow path 12 (endothermic section 15) in the state B are alternately performed. The magnetic refrigerator 100 can be configured. Further, the bypass portion 41 may have a bellows structure, and the moving means 23 may be provided as in the first embodiment instead of the electromagnetic device 43. Even with this configuration, leakage of the refrigerant in the sliding portion can be suppressed.

According to the magnetic refrigerator 100 of the second embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

According to the magnetic refrigerating machine 100 of the second embodiment, when the electromagnetic coil 44 is energized, the magnetic working material 24 is attracted to the electromagnetic device 43 by the magnetic attraction force, and the magnetic working material 24 is projected to the heat exhaust portion 14. It can be excited. In this state, the elastic body 42 is compressed. Then, when the energization of the electromagnetic coil 44 is stopped, the magnetic working substance 24 is accommodated in the bypass portion 41 and demagnetized by the reaction force of the compressed elastic body 42. By doing so, the reciprocating motion of the isolation plate 26 can be realized without providing the actuator as in the first embodiment.

According to the magnetic refrigerator 100 of the second embodiment, by configuring the bypass portion 41 in a bellows structure, it is not necessary to slide the isolation plate 26 in the bypass portion 41 as in the first embodiment. Further, sliding and sealing between the rod portion 23A of the moving means 23 and the bypass portion 41 become unnecessary. In this way, the configuration of the bypass portion 41 can be simplified and the loss due to sliding resistance can be reduced.

According to the magnetic refrigerator 100 of the second embodiment, a plurality of bypass portions 41 can be provided, and a heat exchanger 20 can be provided in each bypass portion 41. With such a configuration, the heat transport capacity from the second flow path 12 to the first flow path 11 can be increased in the entire magnetic refrigerator 100.

(Third Embodiment)
In the second embodiment, an example in which the heat exchanger 20 is provided in each of the two bypass portions 41 along the first flow path 11 and the second flow path 12 has been described. In the present embodiment, an example in which four bypass portions 41 are provided and a heat exchanger 20 is provided in them will be described.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger 20 portion of the magnetic refrigerator 100 of the third embodiment. The magnetic refrigerator 100 is provided with four bypass portions 41A, 41B, 41C, 41D, and heat exchangers 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D are provided in the respective bypass portions 41A, 41B, 41C, 41D. .. The structures of the heat exchangers 20A to 20D are the same as those of the heat exchangers 20A and 20B shown in the second embodiment.

Similar to the second embodiment, the heat exchangers 20A, 20B, 20C, and 20D are controlled so that the energization timings of the adjacent heat exchangers 20 are reversed. That is, when the heat exchangers 20A and 20C are ON, the heat exchangers 20B and 20D are turned off, and when the heat exchangers 20A and 20C are OFF, the heat exchangers 20B and 20D are turned ON. Be controlled. Further, the flow direction of the refrigerant in the first flow path 11 (from right to left in the figure) and the flow direction of the refrigerant in the second flow path 12 (from left to right in the figure) are arranged so as to be opposite to each other.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the temperatures of the first flow path 11 and the second flow path 12 in the vicinity of the heat exchangers 20A and 20C, respectively. The flow directions of the refrigerant are opposite in the first flow path 11 and the second flow path 12. Therefore, in the first flow path 11 through which the high-temperature refrigerant flows, the temperature increases in the order of the heat exchangers 20D, 20C, 20B, and 20A along the flow direction. In the second flow path 12 through which the low-temperature refrigerant flows, the temperature decreases in the order of the heat exchangers 20A, 20B, 20C, and 20D along the flow direction. Therefore, in the heat exchangers 20A and 20C, the temperature difference ΔT between the first flow path 11 side and the second flow path 12 side is substantially constant.

Therefore, the material of the magnetic working substance 24 is selected so that the Curie temperature at which the exothermic / endothermic reaction occurs in the magnetic working substance 24 is lowered in the order of the heat exchangers 20A, 20B, 20C, and 20D. As a result, the temperature of the refrigerant is likely to rise or fall in the first flow path 11 or the second flow path 12, so that the magnetic heat quantity effect can be increased and the heat transfer amount can be increased.

According to the third embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

According to the magnetic refrigerator 100 of the third embodiment, the flow paths of the refrigerant in the first flow path 11 and the second flow path 12 are in opposite directions with respect to the order of the plurality of heat exchangers 20A to 20D. And in the forward direction. In the first flow path 11 where the high temperature refrigerant flows and the heat of the heat exchangers 20A to 20D is exhausted, the temperature increases in the order of the heat exchangers 20A, 20B, 20C, and 20D which are in the same direction as the flow direction of the refrigerant. On the other hand, in the second flow path 12 in which the low-temperature refrigerant flows and the heat exchangers 20A to 20D absorb heat, the temperatures decrease in the order of the heat exchangers 20D, 20C, 20B, and 20A in the same direction as the refrigerant flow. With this configuration, as shown in FIG. 8, the temperature difference ΔT between the first flow path 11 and the second flow path 12 in each of the heat exchangers 20A to 20D can be made constant. can. Therefore, heat transport can be made efficient by increasing the magnetic heat quantity effect and increasing the heat transfer amount.

According to the magnetic refrigerator 100 of the third embodiment, the magnetic working substance 24 used in the heat exchangers 20A to 20D has a Curie temperature, which is a temperature at which the entropy changes according to magnetism to absorb heat or generate heat. It is selected to be higher along the flow direction of the flow path 11. Therefore, when a plurality of heat exchangers 20 are arranged, a magnetic body having a Curie temperature corresponding to the expected temperature of the refrigerant is used for the magnetic working substance 24 to form the first flow path 11 or the second flow. Since the temperature of the refrigerant is likely to rise or fall in the path 12, the heat exchange efficiency can be improved.

According to the magnetic refrigerator 100 of the third embodiment, when one of the adjacent heat exchangers 20A to 20D is turned off and demagnetized, the other heat exchangers 20A and 20C are used. Is turned on and excited. Further, when the heat exchangers 20B and 20D are turned on and excited, the heat exchangers 20A and 20C are turned off and demagnetized.

With this configuration, among the heat exchangers 20A to 20D, the number (2) in which the isolation plate 26 is moved to the side of the heat exhausting portion 14 and the number of which are moved to the side of the heat absorbing portion 15. (2) becomes equal. Therefore, the pressure of the refrigerant in the first flow path 11 and the second flow path 12 generated by the magnetic working substance 24 projecting to the first flow path 11 or the cooling fin 25 projecting to the second flow path 12. The difference becomes smaller. Therefore, the fluid resistance of the refrigerant and the pressure fluctuation of the refrigerant during the reciprocating motion of the isolation plate 26 can be reduced, so that the decrease in the cooling efficiency of the magnetic refrigerator 100 can be suppressed.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above embodiments are only a part of the application examples of the present invention, and the technical scope of the present invention is limited to the specific configuration of the above embodiments. do not have.

1 Pump 2 Heat absorber 3 Heat exhaustor 11 1st flow path 12 2nd flow path 13, 41, 41A, 41B, 41C, 41D Bypass part 14 Heat exhaust part 15 Heat absorption part 20, 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D Heat exchange Instrument 21 Endothermic heat absorber 22 Magnetic generating means 23 Transportation means 24 Magnetic working material 25 Cooling fins 26 Separation plate 27 Cover 41 Bypass 100 Magnetic refrigerator

Claims (11)

A first flow path through which a high-temperature refrigerant flows from an endothermic absorber that absorbs heat from an object to be cooled to a heat exhaust device that discharges heat to the outside.
A second flow path through which a low-temperature refrigerant flows from the heat exhaust device to the heat absorber,
A bypass portion connecting the first flow path and the second flow path,
An endothermic heating element that is movable in the bypass portion and that separates the side of the first flow path from the side of the second flow path, and a magnetic material that absorbs heat or generates heat according to magnetism. And, with an endothermic heating element,
The heat-absorbing body is moved between the portion where the flow velocity of the refrigerant in the first flow path and the second flow path is high and the portion where the flow velocity of the refrigerant in the bypass portion is low, and the heat-absorbing body and the magnetism. A magnetic refrigerator having a moving means for absorbing or generating heat of the heat-absorbing body by changing the distance from the generating means. The magnetic refrigerator according to claim 1.
The heating element is moved in the bypass portion by the moving means, and the end portion on the side of the first flow path protrudes into the first flow path, which is a portion where the flow velocity is high, and the second flow. When the end on the side of the road is housed in the bypass portion, which is the portion where the flow velocity is slow, the heat is generated by being excited by being close to the magnetic generating means.
When the endothermic element is housed in the bypass portion at the end on the side of the first flow path and the end on the side of the second flow path protrudes into the second flow path, which is a portion where the flow velocity is high. , A magnetic refrigerator that is demagnetized and absorbs heat by moving away from the magnetic generating means. The magnetic refrigerator according to claim 1 or 2.
The heating element further includes a metal body provided on the side of the first flow path or the second flow path with respect to the isolation plate.
The magnetic body is a magnetic refrigerator provided on the opposite side of the metal body with respect to the isolation plate. The magnetic refrigerator according to claim 3.
The magnetic body and the metal body are
An end face provided apart from the isolation plate and
It has a plurality of walls connecting between the end face and the isolation plate.
A magnetic refrigerator having a structure in which a refrigerant can flow between a plurality of the wall portions. The magnetic refrigerator according to claim 4.
The bypass portion is configured in a bellows structure folded between the first flow path and the second flow path.
The isolation plate is a magnetic refrigerator fixed to the bypass portion of the bellows structure. The magnetic refrigerator according to claim 4 or 5.
The means of transportation is
A disk-shaped rotating part that can be rotated,
A rod portion connecting the side surface of the rotating portion and the separating plate is provided.
A magnetic refrigerator in which the isolation plate is moved in the bypass portion by the rod portion that moves in the direction of the connection in accordance with the rotational movement of the rotating portion. The magnetic refrigerator according to claim 4 or 5.
The moving means is an electromagnetic coil that attracts the magnetic material by the generated magnetism.
A magnetic refrigerator further comprising an elastic body provided between the isolation plate and the first flow path or the second flow path. The magnetic refrigerator according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
A plurality of the bypass portions are provided, and the bypass portion is provided.
The heating element is a magnetic refrigerator provided in each of the bypass portions. The magnetic refrigerator according to claim 8.
The first flow path and the second flow path are configured in a direction opposite to the flow direction of the refrigerant in the first flow path and the flow direction of the refrigerant in the second flow path. The magnetic refrigerator according to claim 8 or 9.
A magnetic refrigerator in which the Curie temperature, which is the temperature at which the entropy changes according to magnetism to absorb or generate heat in the plurality of endothermic elements, is high along the flow direction of the first flow path. The magnetic refrigerator according to any one of claims 8 to 10.
When one of the adjacent heating elements and heating elements projects to the side of the first flow path, the other heating element is controlled to project to the side of the second flow path. Being a magnetic refrigerator.

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