JP7027997B2 - How to manufacture brick blocks for a chamber-type coke oven - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a brick block of a chamber furnace type coke oven.

In a chamber-type coke oven, carbonization chambers and combustion chambers are alternately arranged in the direction of the head of the furnace to form a carbonization chamber / combustion chamber, with the top of the carbonization chamber / combustion chamber at the top and the bottom at the bottom. The heat storage chambers are arranged. The part between the carbonization chamber / combustion chamber and the heat storage chamber is also called the bellows part. A sole flue is placed at the bottom of the heat storage chamber. Usually, the dimensions of the carbonization chamber are about 4 to 7.5 m in height, 350 to 550 mm in width, and 13 to 17 m in length. The combustion chamber forms a combustion chamber brick structure and consists of a row of combustion chamber flues arranged in the direction of the furnace length. The combustion chamber brick structure, the furnace top, the bellows, the heat storage chamber, and the sole flue are all formed of a brick structure.

The refractory materials used in the chamber-type coke oven have high mechanical strength in the high temperature region, little volume change, relatively good thermal conductivity, and the reason is that the materials are inexpensive and can be obtained in large quantities. Therefore, most of them are constructed of silica stone bricks. Silica stone bricks used as refractories are calcined bricks manufactured by calcining raw material silica stone, and the height is 100 to 150 mm, and the length and width are determined by the shape of the combustion chamber flue, for example, in the case of a combustion chamber. The mass of is less than 20 kg. A refractory structure is constructed by filling the joints that make up the mating surface of the bricks with mortar. For example, in a chamber-type coke oven having 50 carbonization chambers, a refractory structure is constructed by using a total of 1.3 million silica stone bricks. Hereinafter, including silica stone bricks, they are collectively referred to as brick 2.

When constructing a new chamber-type coke oven or when updating the entire refractory structure in response to the deterioration of the chamber-type coke oven, a hand-stacking method in which bricks 2 are piled up one by one by hand. Is used. The brick structure that constitutes the coke oven is required to have high dimensional accuracy. The manual stacking method is carried out by a furnace builder who is a specialist in brickwork. At the site of construction of a brick structure, a brick structure that ensures the required accuracy by stacking single bricks that have been mortar-coated while stretching water threads and then applying mortar to match the water threads. I was building things.

The coke oven is installed on the premises of the steelworks and manufactures the coke used in the blast furnace of the steelworks. Therefore, when renewing an existing coke oven, it is necessary to arrange coke by another means during the suspension for aging renewal, so it is possible to shorten the suspension period for aging renewal as much as possible. Requested. Since all the work of stacking the bricks 2 by the manual stacking method is manual work, it is necessary to carry out the work by a huge number of skilled furnace builders in order to shorten the furnace construction period. However, since the number of skilled furnace builders is limited, it is difficult to secure a sufficient number of furnace builders to build a furnace in a short period of time.

In addition to the labor-intensive work, the furnace-building work by the manual stacking method requires skilled skills as described above, so it will be possible to secure more furnace-building workers in the future. It is expected to be difficult.

Patent Document 1 discloses a coke oven standard refractory stacking system capable of efficiently stacking standard refractories with high accuracy and without human intervention in the construction of a coke oven. It is a mechanized refractory stacking system that has means for supplying standard refractories to a predetermined place in a coke oven, stacking the supplied refractories, applying mortar, and controlling them. However, even if an attempt is made to build a coke oven by constructing a fully automated mechanized refractory stacking system as described in Patent Document 1, the position is automatically and at high speed, and the next step is based on that information. Even if you try to decide the position of the bricks to be piled up, it cannot be decided quickly, and there is a problem that it is not economically worthwhile because the equipment is expensive, so it is not actually applied.

In Patent Document 2, a plurality of bricks are arranged in a plane direction in a different place away from the furnace body construction site, and a plurality of brick wall modules stacked in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction are formed in advance at the furnace body construction site. Disclosed is a method for constructing a furnace body of a coke oven by laminating the plurality of brick wall modules to form a brick wall. Hereinafter, a brick wall module in which a plurality of bricks are constructed in different places is also referred to as a brick block. Patent Document 2 describes a brick block (brick wall module) for forming a combustion chamber of a coke oven. When constructing a brick block by stacking bricks in another place, the builder piles up the single bricks, which are coated with mortar while matching the water threads, after setting the position standard by stretching the water threads. It is necessary to construct a brick block that ensures the required accuracy.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2017-14448 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2015-81300 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-22758

When constructing a brick structure by laminating bricks at the site of a coke furnace, or when constructing a brick block by laminating bricks at another site, after setting a position standard by stretching water threads, It is necessary for a skilled builder to stack single bricks coated with mortar in order according to the water thread to form a brick block that ensures the required accuracy.

It is an urgent task to solve the difficulty of securing a large number of skilled furnace builders in the aging renewal of coke ovens. However, even in the method of constructing a brick block in another land and then carrying the brick block into a coke oven to construct a brick structure, it seems that the skill of a skilled furnace builder was required as described above. It is not possible to obtain the effect of reducing the number of skilled furnace builders.

The present invention is necessary for the brick structure constituting the coke oven in a method of constructing a plurality of bricks in different places to form a brick block and arranging them in the coke oven without relying on a skilled furnace builder. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a brick block of a chamber-type coke oven, which can obtain a high degree of dimensional accuracy.

That is, the gist of the present invention is as follows.
(1) A method for manufacturing a brick block in which a plurality of bricks are combined in a plurality of stages per stage.
Of the molded frames having a gold frame facing the bottom surface of the brick block to be manufactured (hereinafter referred to as "bottom metal frame") and a gold frame facing the four sides of the brick block (hereinafter referred to as "side metal frame"). Assemble the bottom metal frame and the two or three side metal frames,
Mortar is applied to the contact surface between the bricks of the same stage for each stage of the brick block , and the bricks are arranged along the assembled side metal frame . Place the part that comes into contact with the bricks of the stage, and assemble while pressing the placed side metal frame against the brick block.
A method for manufacturing a brick block of a chamber-type coke oven, which comprises assembling bricks and metal frames for each stage in sequence and arranging bricks in all stages .
(2 ) The upper end position of the portion of the one-sided or two-sided side metal frame that contacts the brick of each stage is equal to the height at which the upper surface of the brick of the stage should be located.
Described in (1 ) above, wherein when the brick arrangement of each stage is completed or the brick arrangement of all stages is completed, a force is applied downward in the vertical direction to the brick to adjust the dimension in the height direction of the brick block. How to make a brick block of a chamber furnace type corks furnace.
( 3 ) As a means of applying a force downward to the brick in the vertical direction, a method of hitting individual bricks with a hammer, a method of compressing the entire upper surface of a brick block with a press machine, or a method of applying vibration with a vibrating device. The method for manufacturing a brick block of a chamber furnace type coke oven according to ( 2 ) above, wherein any of the above is used.
( 4 ) Any of the above (1) to ( 3 ), characterized in that a method of tightening the target side metal frame with bolts is used as a means for pressing the arranged side metal frame in the brick block compression direction. The method for manufacturing a brick block of a chamber furnace type coke oven according to one.
( 5 ) Regarding the arrangement of the side metal frames that have not been assembled, instead of arranging them every time one stage of brick arrangement is completed, a plurality of stages of bricks are collectively pressed by the pressing means. 4) The method for manufacturing a brick block of a chamber furnace type coke oven according to the above method.
( 6 ) The chamber furnace type according to any one of (1) to ( 5 ) above, wherein a spacer is arranged to secure a lower limit of the thickness of the gap between the bricks constituting the brick block. How to make a brick block of a coke oven.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can manufacture a brick block having a required dimensional accuracy without relying on a skilled furnace builder in a method for manufacturing a brick block of a chamber furnace type coke oven.

It is a figure which shows an example of a brick block. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the molded frame for manufacturing a brick block, (A) shows the state which all four side metal frames are assembled, and (B) shows the state which three side metal frames are assembled. It is a figure which shows an example of the molding frame, and (B) and (C) are B direction and C direction arrowhead views, respectively. It is a top view which shows the state which the brick block was assembled in the molding frame. It is a perspective view which shows the state which the 1st stage brick of a brick block was assembled, and (A) and (B) show the state before and after the 1st angle assembly. It is a perspective view which shows the state which the 2nd stage brick of a brick block was assembled, and (A) and (B) show the state before and after the 2nd angle assembly. It is a perspective view which shows the state which assembled the 4th stage brick and the 4th angle of a brick block.

The brick block targeted by the present invention is a brick block that constitutes a part of a brick structure of a chamber furnace type coke oven, and as shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of bricks 2 are combined in a plurality of stages per stage. Brick block 1. A brick block 1 is manufactured in a different place away from the furnace body construction site, and the manufactured brick block 1 is carried to the furnace body construction site and assembled to form a brick structure of a coke oven.

Conventionally, even when constructing brick blocks, after setting the position standard by stretching water threads, the builder piled up the single bricks coated with mortar while matching the water threads in order to ensure the required accuracy. It made up a brick block. On the other hand, the present invention provides a molded frame 3 having a gold frame (bottom metal frame 4) facing the bottom surface of the brick block 1 to be manufactured and a gold frame (side metal frame 5) facing the four side surfaces of the brick block. After assembling the bottom metal frame 4 and the side metal frame 5 having one or more and three or less faces, preferably the bottom metal frame 4 and the two-sided or three-sided side metal frames 5, among the molded frames 3. It is characterized in that the brick 2 is arranged along the assembled side metal frame 5. This eliminates the need for a skilled furnace builder to place bricks along the water thread, making it possible for even unskilled workers to manufacture brick blocks with high placement accuracy.

Hereinafter, a brick block for forming a brick structure constituting a combustion chamber of a chamber-type coke oven will be described in detail in order.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a brick block 1 taken as an example. The furnace length direction 22 of the coke oven has the length of two combustion chamber flues, the furnace width direction 21 (the furnace group length direction) has the width of the combustion chamber, and the height direction 23 has the brick 2 Has a height of four stacks. The side surface of the brick block 1 in the furnace width direction 21 forms a surface facing the carbonization chamber, and it is required that the surface is formed with high dimensional accuracy. The side surface of the brick block 1 in the furnace length direction 22 is located in the cross section of the combustion chamber flue 16, and the combustion chamber flue 16 is formed by combining with the brick block adjacent to the furnace length direction 22. A combustion chamber flue 16 is formed in the center of the brick block 1 in the furnace length direction 22. The surface of the brick block 1 in the height direction 23 forms a surface without a step.

FIG. 2 is a molding frame 3 prepared for constructing the brick block 1 taken up above. FIG. 2A shows a state in which the bottom metal frame 4 and all four side metal frames 5 are assembled, and FIG. 2B shows a state in which the bottom metal frame 4 and the three side metal frames 5 are assembled. The side metal frame 5 (right side metal frame 8R, left side metal frame 8L) in the furnace length direction 22 is composed of a metal plate 17 and an angle 11 arranged on the back surface thereof. The side metal frames 5 (front side metal frames 6, rear side metal frames 7) in the furnace width direction 21 each consist of only four angles (9, 10), and the four angles (9, 10) are the heights. A plurality of pieces are arranged in the direction 23 and screwed to the right side metal frame 8R and the left side metal frame 8L at both ends to realize the shape as the side metal frame 5. In FIG. 3, the bottom metal frame 4 and the three side metal frames 5 (right side metal frame 8R, left side metal frame 8L, rear side metal frame 7) are assembled, and then the first angle of the front side metal frame 6 is shown. It shows the assembled state of 9A. FIG. 3B is a view of the right side of the front side surface as viewed from the front, and the first angle 9A of the front side surface metal frame 6 and the second to fourth angles 10 from the bottom of the rear side surface metal frame 7 can be seen. .. FIG. 3C is a view of the front side of the right side surface as viewed from the right side. A screwing jig 12 is attached to the front side of the right side metal frame 8R, and a female screw 14 for screwing the first angle 9A to the fourth angle 9D of the front side metal frame 6 is formed. The first angle 9A is screwed to the female screw for the first angle of the screwing jig 12 with a bolt 13. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a state in which a brick block is assembled in a molding frame. The angle may have any shape as long as it is a member having the required rigidity, such as a channel or a box.

In the state where the bottom metal frame 4 and the three side metal frames 5 (right side metal frame 8R, left side metal frame 8L, rear side metal frame 7) shown in FIG. 2B are assembled, the top of the bottom metal frame 4 As shown in FIG. 5A, the first-stage brick 2 is arranged. Mortar is applied to the contact surface between bricks of the same stage, and the bricks 2 are arranged along the assembled side metal frame. On the side where the rear side surface metal frame 7 is arranged, the brick 2 can be arranged so as not to cause unevenness on the surface of the brick block 1 by bringing the brick 2 into contact with the rear side surface metal frame 7.

After the brick arrangement of the first stage is completed, the first angle 9A at the position corresponding to the first stage of the brick 2 is set on the side of the front side metal frame 6 which has not been assembled yet, as shown in FIG. 5 (B). At both ends, the right side metal frame 8R and the left side metal frame 8L are screwed to the screwing jigs 12 with bolts 13. At the time of screwing, the brick block is pressed in the compression direction 24 (in the direction of the arrow in the figure) by rotating the bolt 13 and pushing the first angle 9A. At the screwing position, the brick joint of the brick block 1 is compressed into a predetermined shape by screwing in until the target first angle 9A and the screwing jigs 12 of the right side metal frame and the left side metal frame are in contact with each other. It is possible to realize the formation of a surface without unevenness.

Subsequently, after applying mortar to the upper surface of the first-stage brick 2, the second-stage brick 2 is arranged on the first-stage brick 2 as shown in FIG. 6A. The brick placement procedure is the same as for the first-stage bricks. Then, on the side of the front side metal frame 6, as shown in FIG. 6B, the second angle 9B at the position corresponding to the second stage is screwed to the right side metal frame and the left side metal frame at both ends thereof. Screw it to the jig 12 with bolts 13. Similar to the first step, the brick joint of the brick block 1 is compressed into a predetermined shape by screwing the screw until the screwing jig 12 of the right side metal frame adjacent to the second angle 9B and the left side metal frame comes into contact with each other. It is possible to realize the formation of a surface without unevenness.

When the assembly of the second angle 9B of the front side metal frame 6 corresponding to the second stage of the brick block is completed, the thickness of the mortar layer between the first stage and the second stage is adjusted, and the thickness of the second stage brick layer is adjusted. Adjust the position of the top surface. Specifically, a force is applied downward in the vertical direction to the second-stage brick to adjust the dimension in the height direction of the brick block. As a means of applying a force vertically downward to the brick, either a method of hitting individual bricks with a hammer, a method of compressing the entire upper surface of the brick block with a press, or a method of applying vibration with a vibrating device is used. Can be used. It is advisable to pre-mark the side metal frame 5 at the height at which the upper surface of each brick is to be located. By adjusting the height so that the upper surface of the second stage brick matches the marking height, the height of the brick can be accurately arranged. In the examples shown in FIGS. 2 to 7, the upper ends of the second angle 9B to the fourth angle 9D of the front side metal frame 6 and the upper ends of the second to fourth stages of the rear side metal frame 7 are the steps. Indicates the height at which the top surface of the brick should be located. When the height of the brick block is adjusted, the thickness of the mortar layer at the joint is adjusted to be thin, and the excess mortar is discharged outward from each surface of the brick block 1. In the molding frame 3 of the present invention, if only the angle is used as the front side surface metal frame 6 and the rear side surface metal frame 7 and no metal plate is used, it is preferable because an escape place for the discharged excess mortar can be secured. Further, it is preferable that the upper end position of the portion of the one-sided or two-sided side metal frame in contact with the brick of each stage is equal to the height at which the upper surface of the brick of the stage should be located. As a result, in the height adjustment of the brick block after the bricks of each stage have been piled up, the height of each stage of the brick block is adjusted to be equal to the height of the relevant stage portion of the side metal frame. The height of each step of the block can be set exactly according to the target.

Hereinafter, the bricks of the third and fourth tiers will be arranged in the same manner as in the second tier. For the fourth stage, when the brick arrangement, the assembly of the fourth angle 9D of the front side metal frame 6 and the height adjustment of the brick are completed, the brick block 1 is completed as shown in FIG. 7. The brick block 1 can be taken out by removing each metal frame after a predetermined time for solidifying the mortar (FIG. 1).

As a method of applying a force downward in the vertical direction to the bricks, instead of applying a force to the bricks at the completion of the brick placement in each stage as described above, a force is applied downward in the vertical direction to the bricks at the completion of the brick placement in all stages. May be added to adjust the height dimension of the brick block.

An adjustment method for adjusting the outer shape of a brick block to the required dimensional accuracy will be described. Regarding the position adjustment of the brick block 1 in the furnace width direction 21, the surface of each brick 2 is arranged so as to be in contact with the side metal frames in the furnace width direction (front side metal frame 6, rear side metal frame 7). The position can be adjusted well. In the examples shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, the position adjustment of the brick block 1 in the furnace length direction 22 is adjusted by the position adjustment pieces 15 arranged at the four corners of the forming frame 3. As shown in FIG. 4, when the brick surface of the brick 2 arranged at the four corners of the molding frame 3 comes into contact with the side metal frame in the furnace width direction (front side metal frame 6, rear side metal frame 7). At the same time, by arranging the corner portion of the brick 2 so that the end face in the furnace length direction 22 is in contact with the end face in the furnace length direction 22 of the position adjusting piece 15, the brick arrangement position is accurately arranged in the furnace length direction 22. Will be. Further, in the example shown in FIG. 3, the position adjusting piece 15 is a screwed jig that connects the angle 9 of the front side metal frame 6 and the side metal frame in the furnace width direction (right side metal frame 8R, left side metal frame 8L). Also serves as 12.

In the present invention, the outer shape of the brick block is made to have the required dimensional accuracy by the above-mentioned method, and as a result, an appropriate thickness is secured for the thickness of the gap (filled with mortar) between the bricks. can do. On the other hand, even if such a method is used, the thickness of the gap between the bricks may vary. Even in such a case, it is important to secure the minimum thickness of the gap between the bricks, and by ensuring the minimum thickness, it is possible to secure the adhesive force between the bricks by the mortar. Therefore, in the present invention, it is further preferable to arrange a spacer for securing the lower limit of the thickness of the gap between the bricks constituting the brick block. The minimum required gap thickness between bricks is 1 to 4 mm, usually about 2 mm, and by arranging spacers with a thickness equal to the minimum gap thickness between bricks, it is possible to secure the minimum required mortar thickness. Become. The thickness of the spacer is the minimum required clearance thickness, and the width and length of the spacer are preferably about 10 mm, respectively. The material of the spacer is preferably the same material as that of brick. For each brick, it is advisable to place four or more spacers on each side. No spacers are placed on the upper surface of the bricks in the first stage of the brick block, spacers are formed on the lower surface of the bricks in the second stage and above, and mortar is applied to the upper surface of the bricks already placed in the brick block. Then, brickwork is done.

1 Brick block 2 Brick 3 Molded frame 4 Bottom metal frame 5 Side metal frame 6 Front side metal frame 7 Rear side metal frame 8L Left side metal frame 8R Right side metal frame 9 Angle 10 Angle 11 Angle 12 Screw-on jig 13 Bolt 14 Female screw 15 Position adjustment piece 16 Combustion chamber flue 17 Metal plate 21 Furnace width direction 22 Furnace length direction 23 Height direction 24 Compression direction

Claims (6)

It is a method of manufacturing a brick block that combines multiple bricks in one stage.
Of the molded frames having a gold frame facing the bottom surface of the brick block to be manufactured (hereinafter referred to as "bottom metal frame") and a gold frame facing the four sides of the brick block (hereinafter referred to as "side metal frame"). Assemble the bottom metal frame and the two or three side metal frames,
Mortar is applied to the contact surface between the bricks of the same stage for each stage of the brick block , and the bricks are arranged along the assembled side metal frame . Place the part that comes into contact with the bricks of the stage, and assemble while pressing the placed side metal frame against the brick block.
A method for manufacturing a brick block of a chamber-type coke oven, which comprises assembling bricks and metal frames for each stage in sequence and arranging bricks in all stages. The upper end position of the part of the one-sided or two-sided side metal frame that contacts the brick of each stage is equal to the height at which the upper surface of the brick of the stage should be located.
The first aspect of claim 1, wherein when the brick arrangement of each stage is completed or the brick arrangement of all stages is completed, a force is applied downward in the vertical direction to adjust the height dimension of the brick block. A method for manufacturing brick blocks in a chamber furnace type corks furnace. As a means of applying a force downward to the brick in the vertical direction, either a method of hitting individual bricks with a hammer, a method of compressing the entire upper surface of a brick block with a press, or a method of applying vibration with a vibrating device can be used. The method for manufacturing a brick block of a chamber furnace type coke oven according to claim 2 , wherein the brick block is used. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein a method of tightening the target side metal frame with bolts is used as a means for pressing the arranged side metal frame in the brick block compression direction. The method for manufacturing a brick block of the chamber-type coke oven described. The fourth aspect of claim 4, wherein the arrangement of the unassembled side metal frames is characterized in that a plurality of stages of bricks are collectively pressed by the pressing means instead of being arranged every time one stage of brick arrangement is completed. How to make a brick block of a room-type coke oven. The brick of the chamber furnace type coke oven according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein a spacer is arranged to secure a lower limit of the thickness of the gap between the bricks constituting the brick block. How to make blocks.

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