JP7018007B2 - Pig iron condition determination device and its method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a pig iron slag state determination device for determining a mixed state of a pig iron slag flow flowing out from a pig iron outlet, and a method for determining a pig iron slag state.

In a blast furnace from which iron is extracted by heat-treating iron ore, the temperature of the pig iron mixture flowing out from the pig iron outlet of the blast furnace (hereinafter, abbreviated as "pig iron flow" as appropriate) for operation control and the like. However, it is often measured. One of the techniques for measuring the temperature of such a slag flow is disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1.

In the method for measuring the hot metal ejection temperature of a blast furnace disclosed in Patent Document 1, the thermal radiation brightness distribution in a region containing the melt flowing out from the hot metal outlet formed in the blast furnace is measured by the concentration of each pixel corresponding to the thermal radiation brightness. As a density histogram showing the relationship between the density of each pixel of the image captured by the imaging step and the number of pixels, the density distribution of the hot metal and the molten slag are captured as an image composed of each pixel having a value. The hot metal concentration distribution peak, which is the concentration at which the number of pixels is the maximum in the hot metal concentration distribution, with respect to the concentration histogram creating step of creating the concentration histogram including the concentration distribution of The concentration at which the number of pixels is maximized within the search range of the hot metal concentration distribution peak set by the hot metal concentration distribution peak search range setting step for setting the search range and the hot metal concentration distribution peak search range setting step is set to the hot metal. Derivation of hot metal temperature to derive the hot metal temperature based on the hot metal concentration distribution peak extraction step extracted from the concentration histogram as the concentration of the high concentration distribution peak and the hot metal concentration distribution peak concentration extracted by the hot metal concentration distribution peak extraction step. It has a process. Then, in the hot metal concentration distribution peak search range setting step, the hot metal concentration distribution peak concentration, which is the concentration at which the number of pixels is maximum in the hot metal concentration distribution, and the highest concentration in the molten slag concentration distribution are set in advance. The search range of the hot metal concentration distribution peak is based on the upper and lower limits of the concentration ratio, which is the ratio of the maximum slag concentration, and the maximum slag concentration in the concentration histogram created by the concentration histogram. Is derived.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-160627

By the way, the blast furnace tapping temperature measuring method disclosed in Patent Document 1 can measure the temperature relatively well when the concentration histogram has a bimodal profile including two peaks. However, when actually measured, it is not always possible to obtain a concentration histogram having the bimodal profile, for example, a concentration histogram having a profile that changes gently may be obtained, and it may be difficult to measure the temperature. rice field. In particular, in the hot metal slag flow, the hot metal and the hot water slag (molten slag) are mixed, and the translucent slag is placed on the hot metal, so the emissivity of the hot metal seen from the surface of the hot metal slag flow is apparent. Will be the value of. Moreover, since the thickness of the slag on the hot metal is usually different for each place (region), the apparent emissivity also changes for each place (region), and it is more difficult to measure the temperature. Therefore, in order to measure the temperature of the tapping slag more accurately, it is important to first determine the mixed state of the tapping slag flow.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a pig iron state determination device and a pig iron state determination method capable of determining a mixed state of a pig iron slag flow.

As a result of various studies, the present inventor has found that the above object can be achieved by the following invention. That is, the slag state determination device according to one aspect of the present invention uses the heat radiance distribution of the slag flow as a target image composed of each pixel having a pixel value for each pixel corresponding to the heat radiance. An image pickup unit to be imaged, a setting unit for setting an evaluation area of a predetermined size in the image of the radiant flow in the target image captured by the image pickup unit, and a maximum pixel in the evaluation area set by the setting unit. A state in which the extraction unit for extracting the value and the minimum pixel value and the mixed state of the hot metal and the slag in the radiant flow are determined based on the ratio of the maximum pixel value and the minimum pixel value extracted by the extraction unit. A determination unit is provided, and the state determination unit compares the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value with a predetermined threshold value or range set in advance, and the ratio is equal to or higher than the threshold value or within the range. In a certain case, it is determined that the mixed state is a slag-rich state, and the smelt-rich state can be regarded as the apparent radiance when the hot metal flow is viewed from the surface. It is in a state . Preferably, in the above-mentioned slag state determination device, the state determination unit compares the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value with a predetermined first threshold value (first determination threshold value) set in advance. When the ratio is equal to or higher than the first threshold value, it is determined that the mixed state is in a slag-rich state. When viewed from the surface, the slag-rich state looks like only slags that are not substantially affected by the slag, and the apparent emissivity that is allowed according to the specifications of the slag state determination device is dissolved. It is in a state that can be regarded as the emissivity of the slag. Preferably, in the above-mentioned slag state determination device, the state determination unit compares the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value with a predetermined second threshold value (second determination threshold value) set in advance. When the ratio is equal to or less than the second threshold value, the mixed state is one of the states other than the slag-rich state (a state in which the slag and the hot metal are mixed and a state in which the hot metal is rich). ). When viewed from the surface, the hot metal-rich state looks like only hot metal that is not substantially affected by the hot metal, and the apparent emissivity of the hot metal is allowed according to the specifications of the hot metal slag state determination device. It is a state that can be regarded as emissivity. The mixed state is a state between the melt-rich state and the hot metal-rich state. Preferably, in the above-mentioned pig iron state determination device, the state determination unit compares the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value with a predetermined first range (first determination range) set in advance. When the ratio is within the first range, it is determined that the mixed state is in a slag-rich state. Preferably, in the above-mentioned pig iron state determination device, the state determination unit compares the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value with a predetermined second range (second determination range) set in advance. When the ratio is within the second range, any of the other states (a state in which the slag and the hot metal are mixed and a state in which the hot metal is rich) other than the slag-rich state as the mixed state. ).

Generally, it is considered that the emissivity of the hot metal is about 0.4 and the emissivity of the slag is about 0.9 to 0.95. Normally, the slag flow is a mixture of slag and slag, and the apparent emissivity also changes from place to place (region). However, as a result of having a sufficient thickness from the surface, it is considered that there is a region (effective slag region) that can be seen only in the slag that is not substantially affected by the hot metal when viewed from the surface, and the evaluation of the target image is made. It is most likely that the brightest part of the area is compared to the effective slag area. On the other hand, even if the slag does not ride on the hot metal or the slag is on the hot metal in the entire hot metal flow, the effect of the slag is substantially affected when viewed from the surface. It is considered that there is a region (effective hot metal region) that can be seen only in the hot metal that is not received, and it is most certain that the darkest part in the evaluation region of the target image is compared to the effective hot metal region. For this reason, in the normal hot metal flow where the hot metal and the hot metal are mixed and the apparent emissivity also changes for each place (region), the ratio of the maximum pixel value to the minimum pixel value, for example, the maximum. From the above, it is considered that the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the pixel value settles down to about 0.45 obtained by dividing 0.4 by (0.9 to 0.95). On the other hand, in some cases, the hot metal slag flow may appear as a slag that is substantially unaffected by the hot metal (a slag-rich state) when viewed from the surface. In this case, it is considered that the minimum pixel value approaches the maximum pixel value, and the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value becomes a value larger than about 0.45. Therefore, the slag state determination device can determine the mixed state of the hot metal and the slag in the hot metal slag flow based on the ratio of the maximum pixel value and the minimum pixel value.

In another aspect, in the above-mentioned iron slag state determination device, the extraction unit obtains a lower pixel representative value representing from a minimum pixel value in an evaluation region set by the setting unit to a lower fixed percentage of pixel values. It is obtained as the minimum pixel value, and the upper pixel representative value representing from the maximum pixel value in the evaluation area set by the setting unit to the pixel value of a certain upper ratio is obtained as the maximum pixel value.

Such a slag state determination device obtains the minimum pixel value from the lower pixel representative value and the maximum pixel value from the upper pixel representative value, so that robustness can be improved, noise immunity is high, and more stable determination is made. You can get the result.

In another aspect, in the above-mentioned hot metal state determination device, when the state determination unit determines that the mixed state is in a melt-rich state, the correspondence between the maximum pixel value and the hot metal temperature obtained in advance is obtained. Further, a temperature calculation unit for obtaining the hot metal temperature from the relationship and the maximum pixel value is provided.

As a result of various studies, the inventor did not see the hot metal when viewed from the surface when the hot metal slag is in a slag-rich state, but the hot metal is also included in the hot water slag along with the hot water. It was found that there is a correlation between the maximum pixel value (the slag temperature that can be obtained based on the maximum pixel value) and the hot metal temperature. The above-mentioned iron slag state determination device uses the correspondence relationship between the maximum pixel value and the hot metal temperature that correlate with each other, which are obtained in advance, even when the hot metal slag flow is in a slag-rich state, and the maximum extracted by the extraction unit. The hot metal temperature can be obtained from the pixel value.

In the iron emissivity measuring method according to another aspect of the present invention, the heat radiance distribution of the slag flow is set as a target image composed of each pixel having a pixel value for each pixel corresponding to the heat radiance. An imaging step of imaging, a setting step of setting an evaluation region of a predetermined size in the image of the emissivity flow in the target image captured in the imaging step, and a maximum pixel in the evaluation region set in the setting step. A state in which the mixing state of the hot metal and the slag in the radiant flow is determined based on the extraction step of extracting the value and the minimum pixel value and the ratio of the maximum pixel value and the minimum pixel value extracted in the extraction step. The state determination step includes a determination step, in which the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value is compared with a predetermined threshold value or range set in advance, and the ratio is equal to or higher than the threshold value or within the range. In a certain case, it is determined that the mixed state is a slag-rich state, and the smelt-rich state can be regarded as the apparent emissivity when the hot metal flow is viewed from the surface. It is a state .

In a normal hot metal slag flow in which hot metal and slag are mixed, the ratio of the maximum pixel value to the minimum pixel value, for example, the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value settles at around 0.45. On the other hand, in the slag-rich state, the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value is considered to be larger than around 0.45. Therefore, the above-mentioned method for determining the hot metal slag state can determine the mixed state of the hot metal and the hot metal in the hot metal slag flow based on the ratio of the maximum pixel value and the minimum pixel value.

The pig iron slag state determination device and the pig iron slag state determination method according to the present invention can determine the mixed state of the pig iron slag flow.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the pig iron state determination apparatus in an embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating how the pig iron slag flow which is determined by the pig iron slag state determination apparatus flows out. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the maximum pixel value, and the hot metal temperature in the state of being rich in slag. It is a figure which shows an example of the target image of the pig iron slag flow. In order to explain the significance of the minimum pixel value and the maximum pixel value in the tapping stream, it is a figure schematically showing a partial cross section of the tapping stream. As an example, it is a figure which shows the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value in the pig iron slag flow. As another example, it is a figure which shows the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value in the pig iron slag flow. It is a flowchart which shows the operation in the said pig iron state determination apparatus. It is a figure for demonstrating the modified form of the said slag state determination apparatus.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the configurations with the same reference numerals in the respective drawings indicate the same configurations, and the description thereof will be omitted as appropriate. In the present specification, when they are generically referred to, they are indicated by reference numerals without subscripts, and when they refer to individual configurations, they are indicated by reference numerals with subscripts.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a pig iron state determination device according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining how the pig iron slag flow determined by the pig iron slag state determination device flows out. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the maximum pixel value and the hot metal temperature in a melt-rich state. The horizontal axis of FIG. 3 is the maximum pixel value, and the vertical axis thereof is the temperature. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a target image of the pig iron slag flow. FIG. 4A shows a target image of the hot metal flow in a slag-rich state, and FIG. 4B shows a normal target image of the hot metal flow in a state where the hot metal and the slag are mixed. FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing a partial cross section of the tapping stream in order to explain the significance of the minimum pixel value and the maximum pixel value in the tapping flow. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing, as an example, the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value in the pig iron slag flow. As another example, FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value in the pig iron slag flow. Each horizontal axis in FIGS. 6 and 7 is time, and each vertical axis is the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value.

The pig iron slag state determination device D in the present embodiment is obtained by imaging the pig iron slag mixture flowing out from the pig iron outlet of the blast furnace (hereinafter, abbreviated as “pig iron slag flow” as appropriate). It is a device for determining the mixed state of the hot metal and the slag in the hot metal slag flow based on the target image of the slag flow. Then, in the present embodiment, when the iron slag state determination device D determines that the hot metal slag flow is in a slag-rich state, the hot metal temperature is further obtained based on the maximum pixel value. The pig iron mixture (pig iron flow) is a mixture of hot metal and hot metal slag (molten slag), and is discharged as a high-temperature fluid from the pig iron outlet of the blast furnace. Such a pig iron state determination device D includes, for example, an image pickup unit 1, a control processing unit 2, and a storage unit 3, as shown in FIG. 1, and in the present embodiment, further includes an input unit 4 and an input unit 4. It includes an output unit 5 and an interface unit (IF unit) 6.

The image pickup unit 1 is connected to the control processing unit 2, and according to the control of the control processing unit 2, the heat radiance distribution of the hot and cold stream is composed of each pixel having a pixel value for each pixel corresponding to the heat radiance. It is a device that captures an image as an object image to be imaged. The image pickup unit 1 outputs the target image of the pig iron slag flow to the control processing unit 2. The image pickup unit 1 is, for example, an imaging optical system that forms an optical image of a subject on a predetermined imaging surface, and is arranged so that a light receiving surface is aligned with the imaging surface, and the optical image of the subject is electrically formed. A digital camera or the like including an area image sensor that converts an area image sensor, an image processing circuit that generates image data that is data representing an image of the subject by image processing the output of the area image sensor, and the like. The image pickup unit 1 may be a still camera that generates a still image, or may be a video camera (movie camera) that generates a moving image.

As shown in FIG. 2, the imaging unit 1 can image the outflowing pig iron flow PS from the pig iron port PH formed in the blast furnace SF to the pig iron gutter SG provided with the pig iron gutter cover CV, for example. Appropriately arranged in. Since the tapping flow PS flows out from the tapping port PH at a relatively high speed, the imaging unit 1 is configured to be capable of taking an image at a speed corresponding to the outflow speed of the tapping flow PS. The image pickup unit 1 may be housed in the housing shown in the figure together with the other parts 2 to 6 in the pig iron state determination device D, and may be integrally configured with the other parts 2 to 6, but in the present embodiment, the image pickup unit 1 is imaged. The unit 1 is configured separately from the other parts 2 to 6, and the imaging unit 1 is arranged remotely from the other parts 2 to 6 so that the pig iron slag flow PS can be imaged. It is connected to the control processing unit 2 in a communicable manner by wire or wirelessly.

Returning to FIG. 1, the input unit 4 is connected to the control processing unit 2, and is a mixture of various commands such as a command for determining a mixing state and a command for instructing the start of temperature measurement, and for example, a setting input for an evaluation area. It is a device for inputting various data necessary for determining a state and measuring a temperature into a slag state determination device D, and is, for example, a plurality of input switches, a keyboard, a mouse, etc. to which a predetermined function is assigned. The output unit 5 is connected to the control processing unit 2, and according to the control of the control processing unit 2, the commands and data input from the input unit 4, the mixed state determined by the slag state determination device D, and the determination thereof. It is a device that outputs the measured temperature and the like, and is, for example, a display unit (display device) such as a CRT display, an LCD (liquid crystal display device) and an organic EL display, a printing device such as a printer, and the like.

The IF 6 is a circuit that is connected to the control processing unit 2 and inputs / outputs data to / from, for example, an external device according to the control of the control processing unit 2, for example, an interface circuit of RS-232C which is a serial communication method. , An interface circuit using the Bluetooth (registered trademark) standard, an interface circuit using the USB (Universal Serial Bus) standard, and the like. Further, the IF unit 6 may be a communication interface circuit for transmitting and receiving communication signals to and from an external device, such as a data communication card or a communication interface circuit according to the 802.11 standard.

The storage unit 3 is a circuit connected to the control processing unit 2 and stores various predetermined programs and various predetermined data according to the control of the control processing unit 2. The various predetermined programs include, for example, a control program that controls each part 1, 3 to 6 of the slag state determination device D according to the function of each part, and an output in the target image captured by the image pickup unit 1. The maximum pixel value (brightest pixel value, maximum brightness value) and minimum pixel value (brightest pixel value, maximum brightness value) and minimum pixel value (brightest pixel value, maximum brightness value) and minimum pixel value (brightest pixel value, maximum brightness value) and minimum pixel value (brightest pixel value, maximum brightness value) in the setting program for setting the evaluation area ROI of a predetermined size in the image of the slag flow and the evaluation area ROI set by the setting program. Based on the extraction program that extracts the darkest pixel value (minimum brightness value at a value larger than 0) and the ratio of the maximum pixel value and the minimum pixel value extracted by the extraction program, the hot metal and melting in the hot metal flow. Correspondence between the maximum pixel value and the hot metal temperature obtained in advance when the state determination program for determining the mixed state with the slag or the state determination program determines that the mixed state is a slag-rich state as described later. A control processing program such as a temperature calculation program for obtaining the hot metal temperature from the relationship and the maximum pixel value extracted by the extraction program is included. In the present embodiment, the temperature calculation program further determines the maximum pixel value extracted by the extraction program when the state determination program determines that the mixed state is a state other than the slag-rich state as described later. Based on the above, the slag temperature of the slag contained in the slag flow is obtained, and the hot metal temperature of the slag contained in the slag flow is obtained based on the minimum pixel value extracted by the extraction program. The various predetermined data include, for example, target images, calibration information, temperature conversion information, and other data necessary for executing each program. The storage unit 3 includes, for example, a ROM (Read Only Memory) which is a non-volatile storage element, an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory) which is a rewritable non-volatile storage element, and the like. The storage unit 3 includes a RAM (Random Access Memory) or the like that serves as a working memory of the so-called control processing unit 2 that stores data or the like generated during the execution of the predetermined program. The storage unit 3 may be provided with a hard disk device having a relatively large storage capacity.

The storage unit 3 functionally includes a calibration information storage unit 31 for storing the calibration information and a temperature conversion information storage unit 32 for storing the temperature conversion information.

The calibration information is a first correspondence between the pixel value of the image obtained by imaging the so-called blackbody furnace with the imaging unit 1 and the brightness value of the blackbody radiance of the blackbody furnace, for example. It is created in advance by photographing the blackbody furnace with the imaging unit 1 at a plurality of different temperatures. Since the brightness value of the blackbody radiance is a function of temperature, the calibration information includes the pixel value of the image obtained by imaging the blackbody furnace with the imaging unit 1 and the temperature of the blackbody furnace. It becomes a correspondence relationship of. For example, a luminance image of thermal radiance, that is, a temperature image can be generated by converting each pixel value of each pixel in the target image into each luminance value by the calibration information. The calibration information may be stored in the calibration information storage unit 31 in the form of a relational expression representing the first correspondence relationship, or may be stored in the calibration information storage unit 31 in the form of a table representing the first correspondence relationship. good.

The temperature conversion information is the second correspondence between the maximum pixel value and the hot metal temperature when the hot metal flow is in a hot and cold state, and is obtained in advance by using a plurality of samples. When the slag flow is rich in slag, the hot metal is not visible when viewed from the surface, but the hot metal is also included in the slag flow together with the slag, so the maximum pixel value (based on the maximum pixel value). Based on the finding that there is a correlation between the slag temperature that can be obtained) and the slag temperature, in order to obtain the slag temperature when the slag flow is in a slag-rich state in the temperature calculation unit 25 described later. The temperature conversion information is obtained in advance and stored in the storage unit 3. An example of the temperature conversion information is shown in FIG. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the maximum pixel value x and the hot metal temperature y have a relationship of y = 0.6224x + 144.6 and R ² = 0.9567 as the correlation coefficient R according to the linear regression line. The temperature conversion information may be stored in the temperature conversion information storage unit 32 in the form of a relational expression representing the second correspondence, or the temperature conversion information is stored in the form of a table representing the second correspondence. It may be stored in the part 32.

The control processing unit 2 controls each part 1, 3 to 6 of the iron slag state determination device D according to the function of each part, determines the mixed state of the hot metal slag flow, and determines the hot metal temperature and the hot metal slag temperature. It is a circuit for finding. The control processing unit 2 includes, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and its peripheral circuits. The control processing unit 2 functionally includes a control unit 21, a setting unit 22, an extraction unit 23, a state determination unit 24, and a temperature calculation unit 25 by executing the control processing program.

The control unit 21 controls each part 1, 3 to 6 of the pig iron state determination device D according to the function of each part, and controls the entire pig iron state determination device D.

The setting unit 22 sets an evaluation region ROI of a predetermined size in the image of the tapping and slag flow in the target image captured by the imaging unit 1. For example, the setting unit 22 may output the target image to the output unit 5, accept the setting operation by the user in the input unit 4, and set the evaluation area ROI in the image of the pig iron flow in the target image. Alternatively, the setting unit 22 may automatically set the evaluation area ROI in the image of the pig iron flow in the target image, for example. More specifically, for example, the setting unit 22 first detects the edge of the image region of the pig iron flow in the target image by using an edge filter, thereby determining the image region of the pig iron flow in the target image. Extract. Then, the setting unit 22 sets the evaluation region ROI of the predetermined size in the image region of the pig iron flow in the extracted target image. For example, from the viewpoint of measuring the temperature of the pig iron slag PS for the purpose of operating control of the blast furnace, or from the viewpoint that the imaging of the pig iron slag PS is hindered by the smoke generated as the distance from the pig iron outlet PH. The setting unit 22 sets the evaluation region ROI at a position in the image of the tapping furnace flow where the influence of slag accumulation, smoke, etc. near the tapping port is as small as possible. The size of the evaluation region ROI is appropriately set using a plurality of samples, and is, for example, about 2 / of the width of the image region of the pig iron spill (the length in the width direction substantially orthogonal to the outflow direction). It is set as a square or rectangle having a length of 3 or about 1/2.

The extraction unit 23 sets the maximum pixel value (brightest pixel value, maximum luminance value) and minimum pixel value (darkest pixel value, minimum luminance value at a value larger than 0) in the evaluation area ROI set by the setting unit 22. It is to be extracted.

The state determination unit 24 determines the mixed state of the hot metal and the hot metal in the hot metal slag flow based on the ratio of the maximum pixel value and the minimum pixel value extracted by the extraction unit 23.

Generally, it is considered that the emissivity of the hot metal is about 0.4 and the emissivity of the slag is about 0.9 to 0.95. In the hot metal flow, the hot metal and the hot water are mixed, and for example, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the translucent hot water is placed on the hot metal, so that the hot metal seen from the surface of the hot metal flow. The emissivity of is an apparent value. Moreover, since the thicknesses D11, D12, and D2 of the slag on the hot metal are usually different for each place (region), the apparent emissivity also changes for each place (region), and the hot metal flow In one example, the image is a marble pattern image as shown in FIG. 4B. Since the time difference between each pixel of the target image is only 10 ms or less due to the flow velocity of the slag flow PH, it is unlikely that the temperature will drop sharply in this minute time, and this difference in brightness is due to the hot metal. It is considered that the thickness of the slag on the slag is different and the influence of the slag is different.

However, as shown in FIG. 5B, even the slag that rides on the hot metal has a sufficient thickness from the surface in the entire hot metal slag flow, and as a result, when viewed from the surface, the effect of the hot metal is substantially present. It is considered that there is a region (effective slag region) that can be seen only in the slag that is not affected, and it is most certain that the brightest part in the evaluation region of the target image is compared to the effective slag region. On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the slag does not get on the hot metal in the whole hot metal slag flow, or even if the slag is on the hot metal, when viewed from the surface. It is considered that there is a region (effective hot metal region) that can be seen only in the hot metal that is not substantially affected by the slag, and the darkest part in the evaluation region of the target image can be compared to the effective hot metal region. Most likely. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4B, the maximum pixel value and the minimum pixel value are obtained in the normal hot metal flow in which the hot metal and the hot metal are mixed and the apparent emissivity also changes for each place (region). From the above, it is considered that the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value, for example, is settled at about 0.45 obtained by dividing 0.4 by (0.9 to 0.95). On the other hand, in some cases, as shown in FIG. 4A, the hot metal slag flow becomes a state in which, when viewed from the surface, only the slag is substantially unaffected by the hot metal (the slag-rich state). Sometimes. In this case, it is considered that the minimum pixel value approaches the maximum pixel value, and the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value becomes a value larger than about 0.45.

Actually, in one embodiment shown in FIG. 6, in the target image of the slag flow that looks like a marble pattern after time 100, the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value is 0.58 ± 0.03 (standard deviation). It fluctuates in the range of 1σ = 0.03), and the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value is , 0.80 ± 0.05 (standard deviation 1σ = 0.05). Further, in another embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value is 0.55 ± 0.06 (standard) in the target image of the spill flow that looks like a marble pattern after time 65. It fluctuates within the range of deviation 1σ = 0.06), and the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value in the target image of the slag-rich state from the hot metal (time 0) to the time 65. Varies in the range of 0.85 ± 0.07 (standard deviation 1σ = 0.07). The difference between the data shown in FIG. 6 and the data shown in FIG. 7 is due to slight differences in the experimental system such as individual differences in the image pickup unit 1 actually used and variations in the installation mode of the image pickup unit 1. , The inventor speculates.

From this, for example, by comparing the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value with a predetermined threshold value set in advance, the mixed state of the hot metal and the hot metal in the hot metal slag flow can be determined. More specifically, the state determination unit 24 compares the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value with a predetermined predetermined first threshold value (first determination threshold value), and the ratio is the first threshold value. In the above case, it is determined that the mixed state is in a slag-rich state. As shown in FIG. 4A, the slag-rich state is, as shown in FIG. 4A, only the slag that is substantially unaffected by the hot metal, and is acceptable according to the specifications of the hot metal state determination device. The apparent emissivity is considered to be the emissivity of the slag. The first determination threshold value is appropriately set to, for example, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, etc. from the examples shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. The state determination unit 24 compares the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value with a predetermined predetermined second threshold value (second determination threshold value) set in advance, and when the ratio is equal to or less than the second threshold value, It is determined that the mixed state is a state other than the slag-rich state (either a state in which the slag and the hot metal are mixed or a state in which the hot metal is rich). When viewed from the surface, the hot metal-rich state looks like only hot metal that is not substantially affected by the hot metal, and the apparent emissivity of the hot metal is allowed according to the specifications of the hot metal slag state determination device. It is a state that can be regarded as emissivity. The mixed state is, for example, as shown in FIG. 4B, a state in which the slag and the hot metal are mixed, and is between the slag-rich state and the hot metal-rich state. The second determination threshold value is appropriately set to, for example, 0.7, 0.65, or the like from the examples shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. The second determination threshold value may be the same as the first determination threshold value, and may be different as long as the above-mentioned gist is satisfied.

From the above, or by comparing, for example, the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value with a predetermined range set in advance, the mixed state of the hot metal and the hot metal in the hot metal slag flow is determined. can. The state determination unit 24 compares the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value with a predetermined predetermined first range (first determination range) set in advance, and when the ratio is within the first range, the state determination unit 24 compares. It is determined that the mixed state is a slag-rich state. The first determination range is, for example, from the examples shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, for example, a range of 0.92 to 0.78, a range of 0.85 to 0.75, and a range of 0.89 to 0. It is appropriately set in the range up to 77 ((0.92 + 0.85) / 2≈0.89, (0.78 + 0.75) /2≈0.77) and the like. The state determination unit 24 compares the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value with a predetermined predetermined second range (second determination range) set in advance, and when the ratio is within the second range, the state determination unit 24 compares. It is determined that the mixed state is a state other than the slag-rich state (either a state in which the slag and the hot metal are mixed or a state in which the hot metal is rich). The second determination range is, for example, from the examples shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, for example, a range of 0.61 to 0.55, a range of 0.61 to 0.49, and a range of 0.61 to 0. It is appropriately set in a range up to 52 ((0.61 + 0.61) / 2 = 0.61, (0.55 + 0.49) / 2 = 0.52) and the like.

When the state determination unit 24 determines that the state is in a melt-rich state as a mixed state, the temperature calculation unit 25 obtains a second correspondence between the maximum pixel value and the hot metal temperature, which is obtained in advance and stored in the temperature conversion information storage unit 32. The hot metal temperature is obtained from the relationship and the maximum pixel value extracted by the extraction unit 23. In the present embodiment, the temperature calculation unit 25 further obtains the dissolution temperature of the slag contained in the slag flow based on the maximum pixel value extracted by the extraction unit 23. More specifically, the temperature calculation unit 25 converts the maximum pixel value extracted by the extraction unit 23 into a brightness value of thermal radiance by using the calibration information, and obtains the temperature as the dissolution temperature. .. Then, in the present embodiment, the temperature calculation unit 25 further has the state determination unit 24 as a mixed state, and other states other than the slag-rich state (the state in which the slag and the hot metal are mixed and the hot metal-rich state). Based on the minimum pixel value extracted by the extraction unit 23, the hot metal temperature of the hot metal contained in the hot metal slag flow is obtained, and based on the maximum pixel value extracted by the extraction unit 23. Then, the slag temperature of the slag contained in the slag flow is obtained. More specifically, the temperature calculation unit 25 converts the minimum pixel value extracted by the extraction unit 23 into a brightness value of thermal radiation brightness by using the calibration information stored in the calibration information storage unit 31 of the storage unit 3. It is converted and the temperature is obtained as the hot metal temperature. Similarly, the temperature calculation unit 25 converts the maximum pixel value extracted by the extraction unit 23 into a brightness value of thermal radiance by using the calibration information, and obtains the temperature as the dissolution temperature.

The calibration information is a value obtained by using a blackbody furnace as described above. Since the pig iron slag flow of the implementation is not a blackbody, there is an error by that amount. Therefore, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, the temperature calculation unit 25 may correct the error to obtain the hot metal temperature and the slag temperature.

The control processing unit 2, the storage unit 3, the input unit 4, the output unit 5, and the IF unit 6 can be configured by, for example, a computer such as a desktop type or a node type.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the operation of the pig iron state determination device.

When the power of the pig iron slag state determination device D having such a configuration is turned on, the necessary parts are initialized and the operation is started. By executing the control processing program, the control processing unit 2 is functionally configured with a control unit 21, a setting unit 22, an extraction unit 23, a state determination unit 24, and a temperature calculation unit 25.

Then, in evaluating the mixing state and temperature in the pig iron slag flow, in FIG. 8, the pig iron slag state determination device D is from the pig iron outlet PH formed in the blast furnace SF by the control processing unit 2 and the imaging unit 1. The outflowing pig iron slag PS is imaged, and a target image including the image of the pig iron slag PS is acquired (S11).

Next, the pig iron slag state determination device D uses the setting unit 22 of the control processing unit 2 to create an evaluation region of a predetermined size in the image of the pig iron slag flow in the target image captured by the imaging unit 1 in the processing S11. Set (S12). As described above, the setting of the evaluation area is performed by accepting the setting operation of the user (operator) by the input unit 4 or automatically.

In one example, the execution of the process S11 acquires the target image POa shown in FIG. 4A, and the execution of the process S12 sets the evaluation region ROIa shown by a square in the image PPa of the pig iron flow in the target image POa. .. The majority of the image PPa of the pig iron slag flow in the target image POa is a region with high brightness due to the slag-rich state. Further, in another example, the execution of the process S11 acquires the target image POb shown in FIG. 4B, and the execution of the process S12 causes the evaluation region ROIb shown by a square in the image PPb of the pig iron flow in the target image POb. Is set. The image PPb of the hot metal flow in the target image POb has a so-called marble pattern due to the difference between the emissivity of the hot metal and the emissivity of the hot metal and the mixed state thereof.

Next, the slag state determination device D is the maximum pixel value (brightest pixel value, the brightest pixel value, in the evaluation region ROI (ROIa, ROIb) set by the setting unit 22 in the processing S12 by the extraction unit 23 of the control processing unit 2. Each of the maximum luminance value) and the minimum pixel value (darkest pixel value, minimum luminance value at a value larger than 0) is extracted (S13).

Next, the pig iron state determination device D obtains the ratio of the maximum pixel value and the minimum pixel value extracted by the extraction unit 23 in the processing S13 by the state determination unit 24 of the control processing unit 2. More specifically, in the present embodiment, the state determination unit 24 obtains the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value (ratio = minimum pixel value / maximum pixel value).

Next, the pig iron state determination device D compares the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value with the first determination range by the state determination unit 24 of the control processing unit 2, and the ratio is the first determination. It is determined whether or not it is within the range (S15). The pig iron state determination device D compares the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value with the first determination threshold value by the state determination unit 24 of the control processing unit 2, and the ratio is the first determination threshold value. It may be determined whether or not it is the above.

As a result of this determination, when the ratio is within the first determination range (Yes), the pig iron state determination device D then sequentially executes each process of the process S16 and the process S17, and then processes. Execute S18. In the case of comparing the ratio with the first determination threshold value, if the ratio is equal to or higher than the first determination threshold value (Yes), the pig iron state determination device D then performs the process S16 and the process. After each process of S17 is executed sequentially, the process S18 is executed.

In this process S16, the pig iron state determination device D determines that the mixed state is a slag-rich state by the state determination unit 24 of the control processing unit 2.

Then, in the process S17, the iron slag state determination device D has a second correspondence relationship between the maximum pixel value and the hot metal temperature stored in the temperature conversion information storage unit 32 by the temperature calculation unit 25 of the control processing unit 2. , The hot metal temperature is obtained from the maximum pixel value extracted by the extraction unit 23 in the process S13. More specifically, the temperature calculation unit 25 obtains the hot metal temperature corresponding to the maximum pixel value extracted by the extraction unit 23 in the process S13 from the second correspondence relationship. Then, the temperature calculation unit 25 converts the maximum pixel value extracted by the extraction unit 23 in the process S13 into a brightness value of thermal radiance by using the calibration information, and obtains the temperature as the dissolution temperature.

On the other hand, as a result of the determination in the process S15, when the ratio is not within the first determination range (No), the pig iron slag state determination device D is subjected to the mixed state by the state determination unit 24 of the control processing unit 2. Is determined to be in a state other than the slag-rich state (S21), and then the process S22 is executed. In the case of comparing the ratio with the first determination threshold value, if the ratio is not equal to or higher than the first determination threshold value (No), the pig iron state determination device D has executed the process S21. , Process S22 is executed.

In this process S22, the pig iron state determination device D compares the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value with the second determination range by the state determination unit 24 of the control processing unit 2, and the ratio is the first. 2 Determine whether or not it is within the determination range. The pig iron state determination device D compares the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value with the second determination threshold value by the state determination unit 24 of the control processing unit 2, and the ratio is the second determination threshold value. It may be determined whether or not it is as follows.

As a result of this determination, when the ratio is within the second determination range (Yes), the pig iron state determination device D then executes the process S18 after executing the process S23. On the other hand, as a result of the determination, when the ratio is not within the second determination range (No), the pig iron slag state determination device D ends this process. In the case of comparing the ratio with the second determination threshold value, if the ratio is equal to or less than the second determination threshold value (Yes), the pig iron state determination device D then executes the process S23. After that, the process S18 is executed, and when the ratio is not equal to or less than the second determination threshold value (No), the pig iron slag state determination device D ends the present process.

In this process S23, the slag state determination device D is based on the maximum pixel value and the minimum pixel value extracted by the temperature calculation unit 25 of the control process unit 2 by the extraction unit 23 in the process S13. The slag temperature and the hot metal temperature of each of the slag and hot metal contained in the above are obtained. More specifically, the temperature calculation unit 25 uses the calibration information stored in the calibration information storage unit 31 of the storage unit 3 for the maximum pixel value extracted by the extraction unit 23 in the process S13, thereby causing thermal radiance. Is converted into a radiance value of, and the temperature is obtained as the smelting temperature. Then, the temperature calculation unit 25 converts the minimum pixel value extracted by the extraction unit 23 in the process S13 into a brightness value of thermal radiance by using the calibration information, and obtains the temperature as the hot metal temperature.

Then, in the process S18, the iron slag state determination device D uses the control unit 21 to externalize the mixed state (melt-rich state or other state), the hot metal temperature, and the slag temperature from the output unit 5. Outputs to and ends this process. If necessary, the control unit 21 may output each of the mixed state, the hot metal temperature, and the melting temperature from the IF unit 6 to an external device.

When each of the above-mentioned processes for determining the mixed state, the hot metal temperature, and the hot water temperature in the hot metal flow is, for example, the imaging unit 1 generates a moving image at predetermined time intervals during the operation of the blast furnace SF. It is repeatedly executed every multiple frames, and the mixing state, hot metal temperature and hot water temperature in the hot metal flow are monitored.

As described above, the pig iron slag state determination device D and the pig iron slag state determination method implemented therein are based on the ratio of the maximum pixel value to the minimum pixel value, and the hot metal in the pig iron flow. The state of mixing with the slag can be determined.

In the above-mentioned pig iron state determination device D and the pig iron state determination method, even when the pig iron slag flow is in a slag-rich state, the second correspondence between the maximum pixel value and the hot metal temperature that correlate with each other obtained in advance is obtained. The hot metal temperature can be obtained from the maximum pixel value extracted by the extraction unit 23.

In the above-described embodiment, one imaging unit 1 captures an image of the hot water flow from one direction, and the mixed state and temperature in the hot water flow are measured, but they are orthogonal to each other with respect to the hot water flow. Each of the two imaging units 1 may be imaged from two directions in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and each mixed state and each temperature in the slag flow observed from these two directions may be measured.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the extraction unit 23 sets the minimum pixel representative value representing from the minimum pixel value in the evaluation region ROI (ROIa, ROIb) set by the setting unit 22 to the pixel value of the lower fixed ratio. The upper pixel representative value which is obtained as a pixel value and represents from the maximum pixel value in the evaluation area ROI (ROIa, ROIb) set by the setting unit 22 to the pixel value of a certain upper ratio may be obtained as the maximum pixel value. The state determination unit 24 determines the mixed state based on the maximum pixel value and the minimum pixel value thus obtained, and the temperature calculation unit 25 is based on the maximum pixel value and the minimum pixel value thus obtained. Obtain the hot metal temperature and the hot metal temperature in the hot metal flow.

FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a modified form of the pig iron state determination device. The horizontal axis of FIG. 9 is the pixel value (brightness), and the vertical axis thereof is the frequency. When the frequency of the pixel value of each pixel in the evaluation area ROI is graphed, in one example, it becomes the graph shown in FIG. In the above-described embodiment, only the minimum pixel value min is used in the example shown in FIG. 9, but in this modified form, the lower pixel representative value representing the minimum pixel value min to the lower fixed ratio pixel value X1 is used. It is considered to be the minimum pixel value. The lower fixed percentages are, for example, 10%, 7%, 5%, 3%, 1%, the percentage corresponding to the lower 10th place, the ratio corresponding to the lower 5th place, and the ratio corresponding to the lower 3rd place. Etc., and are set as appropriate. The lower pixel representative value is an arithmetic that considers a weighted average value considering the frequency and a temporal variation with respect to the pixel value X1 itself at a lower fixed ratio and the pixel value within a lower fixed ratio from the minimum pixel value min. It is a statistical value such as an average value. Similarly, in the above-described embodiment, only the maximum pixel value max is used in the example shown in FIG. 9, but in this modified form, the upper pixel representing the maximum pixel value man to the upper fixed ratio pixel value X2. The representative value is considered to be the maximum raw value. The top fixed percentages are, for example, 10%, 7%, 5%, 3%, 1%, the percentage corresponding to the top 10 ranks, the percentage corresponding to the top 5 ranks, and the percentage corresponding to the top 3 ranks. Etc., and are set as appropriate. The upper pixel representative value is an arithmetic that considers a weighted average value considering the frequency and a temporal fluctuation with respect to the pixel value X2 itself at the upper fixed ratio and the pixel value within the upper fixed ratio from the maximum pixel value man. It is a statistical value such as an average value.

Since the pig iron state determination device D and its method in such a modified form use each representative value, robustness can be improved, noise immunity is high, and more stable measurement results can be obtained.

In order to express the present invention, the present invention has been appropriately and sufficiently described through embodiments with reference to the drawings above, but those skilled in the art can easily modify and / or improve the above embodiments. It should be recognized that it is possible. Therefore, unless the modified or improved form implemented by a person skilled in the art is at a level that deviates from the scope of rights of the claims stated in the claims, the modified form or the improved form is the scope of rights of the claims. It is interpreted to be included in.

D Pig iron condition determination device ROIa, ROIb Evaluation area 1 Imaging unit 2 Control processing unit 3 Storage unit 21 Control unit 22 Setting unit 23 Extraction unit 24 State determination unit 25 Temperature calculation unit 31 Calibration information storage unit 32 Temperature conversion information storage unit

Claims (4)

An imaging unit that captures the thermal radiance distribution of the spillage as a target image composed of each pixel having a pixel value for each pixel corresponding to the thermal radiance.
A setting unit that sets an evaluation area of a predetermined size in the image of the pig iron slag flow in the target image captured by the imaging unit, and a setting unit.
An extraction unit that extracts the maximum pixel value and the minimum pixel value in the evaluation area set by the setting unit, and an extraction unit.
A state determination unit for determining the mixed state of the hot metal and the hot metal in the hot metal slag flow based on the ratio of the maximum pixel value and the minimum pixel value extracted by the extraction unit is provided.
The state determination unit compares the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value with a predetermined threshold value or range set in advance, and when the ratio is equal to or greater than the threshold value or is within the range, the mixing is performed. Judging that the state is rich in slag ,
The slag-rich state is a state in which the apparent emissivity when the pig iron flow is viewed from the surface can be regarded as the emissivity of the slag .
Pig iron condition determination device. The extraction unit obtains a lower pixel representative value representing from the minimum pixel value in the evaluation area set by the setting unit to the pixel value of a certain lower ratio as the minimum pixel value, and the evaluation area set by the setting unit. The upper pixel representative value representing from the maximum pixel value in the above to the pixel value of a certain upper ratio is obtained as the maximum pixel value.
The pig iron state determination device according to claim 1. A temperature calculation unit that obtains the hot metal temperature from the correspondence between the maximum pixel value and the hot metal temperature and the maximum pixel value obtained in advance when the state determination unit determines that the mixed state is a hot melt-rich state. Further prepare,
The pig iron state determination device according to claim 1 or 2. An imaging process in which the thermal radiance distribution of the spillage is imaged as a target image composed of each pixel having a pixel value for each pixel corresponding to the thermal radiance.
A setting step of setting an evaluation region of a predetermined size in the image of the pig iron slag flow in the target image captured in the imaging step, and a setting step.
An extraction step of extracting the maximum pixel value and the minimum pixel value in the evaluation region set in the setting step, and
It is provided with a state determination step of determining a mixed state of hot metal and hot metal in the hot metal slag flow based on the ratio of the maximum pixel value and the minimum pixel value extracted in the extraction step.
The state determination step compares the ratio of the minimum pixel value to the maximum pixel value with a predetermined threshold value or range set in advance, and when the ratio is equal to or greater than the threshold value or is within the range, the mixing is performed. Judging that the state is rich in slag ,
The slag-rich state is a state in which the apparent emissivity when the pig iron flow is viewed from the surface can be regarded as the emissivity of the slag .
Pig iron condition determination method.

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