JP7011418B2 - Dredging intake structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a dredging intake structure for taking in sludge in a dredging machine for dredging sludge accumulated on the bottom of a pond, lake, swamp or the like (hereinafter referred to as "pond or the like").

There is an urgent need to take measures against soil contamination caused by radioactive cesium diffused by the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station in March 2011. In particular, soil adsorbing radioactive cesium flows into the water area due to rainfall or the like and accumulates on the bottom of a closed water area such as a pond, resulting in an increase in the concentration of radioactive cesium. If such a closed water area is an agricultural pond, it will recontaminate the cultivated land, and if it is a fishing ground, it will contaminate marine products, and urgent measures are required.

It is known that mud pollution at the bottom of the water is highly polluted on the surface and low in the deep. Therefore, a considerable amount of contaminated mud can be removed by dredging the mud with a depth of several centimeters to a dozen centimeters on the surface of the bottom of the water with a dredger. Patent Document 1 discloses a conventional assembly work pontoon, and Patent Document 2 discloses a conventional dredging machine.

Since the conventional assembly-type workbench as disclosed in Patent Document 1 is merely an aggregate of floating bodies and is not equipped with a dredging device, a dredging machine is separately prepared for dredging. There is a need to. Further, when a conventional dredging machine as disclosed in Patent Document 2 is used, for example, in order to enable efficient suction of mud even when the water bottom is hard or when a large amount of stones are contained, for example, at the tip. A stirring blade equipped with a sword is provided on the rotating shaft, and the stirring blade is rotated to stir the bottom of the water to suck mud.

JP-A-2002-37181. Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-31745

The most important thing to pay attention to when collecting sludge on the bottom of the water is to scoop up the sludge firmly and to prevent the sludge from being rolled up and diffused into the water. That is, the sludge that has calmed down at the bottom of the water must not be diffused into the water. However, the inventions of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 are both work pontoons whose use is not limited, and if decontamination is to be performed using these, a separate dredging device will be installed on the pontoon. Therefore, depending on the conventional dredging machine, it is difficult to gently scoop only the surface of the bottom of the water such as a pond to be decontaminated, and the sludge taken in during movement may be rolled up. there were. Therefore, a technique for efficiently dredging the dredged object in the movement of the dredged structure has been desired.

In order to solve such a problem, the present invention provides a dredging intake structure having a claw portion for scooping up a dredged object that is passed between the side surfaces at the rear end portion in the traveling direction. Specifically, the upper surface, the back surface arranged at the rear end in the traveling direction of the upper surface, the side surface, the intake port provided near the lower end of the back surface for sucking up mud and sand to be dredged, and the traveling direction. A facing opening, a fence to prevent objects of a size that is clogged from the front end of the upper surface to the lower end of the back, and a moving shaft to move itself on the bottom of the water, and the direction of travel. Provided is a dredging intake structure having a front overhanging claw portion for firmly scooping up a dredging target passed between the side surfaces at a rear end portion.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a dredging intake structure having a function of firmly scooping up a dredging target passed between the side surfaces at the rear end in the traveling direction in the movement of the dredging intake structure. can.

Perspective view showing the basic structure of the dredging intake structure (viewed from the front) Structural drawing of the claw position in the dredging intake structure (viewed from diagonally above) Structural drawing of the claw position in the dredging intake structure (viewed from diagonally below) Side view of the claw position in the dredging intake structure Side view explaining the claw angle adjustment function in the dredging intake structure Structural drawing of the dredging intake structure (viewed from above) Explanatory drawing about the role of the nail Explanatory drawing showing the role of the claws in relation to the amount of sludge Explanatory drawing of variation of the shape of the claw Overall view of dredging intake structure and float set

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below. Hereinafter, the first embodiment corresponds to the first claim, the second embodiment corresponds to the second claim, and the third embodiment corresponds to the third claim.
<Embodiment 1>

<Outline of Embodiment 1>

The dredging intake structure of the present embodiment has a claw portion protruding forward at the lower end of the back surface, and when dredging contaminated mud containing harmful substances such as radioactive cesium deposited on the bottom of a pond or the like. It can be taken in firmly and efficiently while suppressing diffusion.
<Structure>

The main dredging intake structure includes an upper surface (0101), a back surface (0102), a side surface (0103), an intake port (0104), an opening (0109), a fence (0106), and a moving shaft. It is composed of (0107) and a claw portion (0105) on the bottom surface and protruding forward.
Hereinafter, the configuration of each part will be described.
<Top surface>

The "top surface" (0101) is located above the main dredging intake structure and includes a moving shaft (0107) for moving on the bottom of the water. The length of the moving shaft can be adjusted according to the distance to the bottom of the water.

The "upper surface" (0101) has a function of carrying the sludge taken into the inside of the dredging intake structure from the opening to the intake port and at the same time suppressing the sludge from rolling up.
<Back>

The "back surface" (0103) is located at the rear end of the upper surface in the traveling direction. The "rear side" is equipped with an intake port that sends the contaminated mud of radioactive cesium taken in from the opening to the intake pipe.
<Side>

The "side surfaces" (0103) are installed on the left and right sides in the traveling direction of the main body, and the height is gradually increased from the front end to the rear end with respect to the upper surface, thereby preventing the sludge taken in from spreading to the left and right. Also, ensure the strength of the dredging intake structure. An opening (0109) and a fence (0106) are provided at the tip where the side surface is in contact with the upper surface, and sludge taken in from the fence is stably sent to the intake pipe.
<Intake port>

The “intake port” (0104) is provided near the lower end of the back surface, and sends out mud and sand contaminated with radioactive cesium collected from the opening to the intake pipe. The intake pipe sends sludge to a storage place on land such as the edge of a pond via a float on the water.
<Opening>

The "opening" (0109) is installed in the traveling direction so as to be sandwiched between the upper surface, the back surface, and the side surface of the dredging intake port configured to dredge the mud on the bottom of the water for dredging. The opening extends from the front end to the back, suppressing the sludge from rolling up on the bottom of the water, and by sending the sludge to be taken in to the intake pipe, it is possible to proceed in the sludge.
<Fence>

The "fence" (0106) is provided in the opening (0109) to prevent foreign matter such as branches of a size that can cause clogging at the time of taking in. Considering the size of the tree branches that accumulate on the bottom of the water such as a pond, it is preferable to set the width between the fences and between the fences and the side surfaces to be about 8 cm or less.

The tip of the "fence" is bent backward on the lower surface of the main body. The "fence" blocks foreign substances such as branches and takes in contaminated sludge such as sand, pebbles, and mud accumulated on the bottom of water such as ponds.
<Moving shaft>

The "moving shaft" (0107) is a support column provided on the upper surface of the main dredging intake structure and for moving itself on the bottom of a pond or the like. By adjusting the length of the moving shaft, it corresponds to the water depth and can take in sludge on the bottom surface of the water without stirring the water such as a pond more than necessary.

FIG. 10 is an overall configuration diagram including a dredging intake structure (1001) having a claw portion, a moving shaft (1002), and a float assembly (1004) having a turret (1003). The float assembly turret that receives the moving shaft on the water is installed on the rail (1005) and can be moved on the float by the wheels (1006), which is more efficient in response to the situation of ponds and the like. Can perform dredging work.
<Claws>

The "claw portion" (0105) is provided so as to project forward to the lower part of the rear end of the dredging intake structure. The front and back positions differ depending on the shape of the back, but both are at the bottom and are installed so that their role can be fulfilled most effectively. A typical one is one that projects forward from the lower part of the back surface in order to firmly scoop up the dredged object passed between the side surfaces, and is installed to absorb the turbid fluid mud that is rolled up from the bottom of the water such as a pond.

FIG. 2 is an internal structural view of the dredging intake structure. The upper surface is removed so that the internal structure can be seen, and the interior is viewed from diagonally above. In FIG. 2, since the shape of the back surface is V-shaped so that the sludge taken in can be easily sent to the intake port, the claw portion (0201) is the front end of the bottom surface (0202) of the inverted triangle that is closer to the front end than the rear end. The sludge such as a pond that passes through the fence (0204) and is passed between the side surfaces (0203) is firmly scooped up and sent from the intake port (0205) to the intake pipe (0206). In this way, the claws are provided at positions where the goodness of the V-shaped back can be further utilized.

FIG. 3 is an internal structural view of the dredging intake structure as viewed from diagonally below. Since the back surface is flat, the claws are in contact with the back surface. The fence installed at the front end of the upper surface and heading to the rear end is not drawn at all for the sake of explanation and is in a broken state. Sludge such as a pond that passes through the fence (0303) and is passed between the side surfaces (0302) is sent from the intake port (0304) to the intake pipe (0305). At the same time, the sludge taken in by the claws is also sent from the intake port to the intake pipe.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the intake structure provided with the claw portion. The sludge on the bottom of the water such as a pond passed between the side surfaces (0402) is efficiently sent to the intake pipe (0403) by the claw portion (0401) without being diffused. The claws are provided so as to project forward at the bottom of the rear end, and as can be seen from the figure, sludge and other foreign substances on the bottom of the water such as ponds below the back can be taken in, which would be missed if not provided. can. In this case, the condition for taking in foreign matter is that the hardness of the foreign matter is equal to or less than a certain hardness, but since the bottom surface of the water is not always flat, sludge uptake is greatly improved by installing the claws.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the intake structure showing the effectiveness of the sludge accumulated on the water bottom and the claw portion. As shown in the figure, the sludge that accumulates becomes a slope in response to the work and movement of the dredging intake structure. The claw portion corresponds to this slope, and sludge that is a slope that cannot be taken in without the claw portion can be taken in. In the figure, the intake structure is dredging sludge, but due to the influence of the angle of the water bottom, there is a gap between the back part of the dredging intake structure and the slope, and if there is no claw part, Not enough sludge can be taken in. The white arrows on the claws in the figure indicate that sludge that cannot be taken in without the claws can be taken in by installing the claws.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram regarding the positions of the sludge accumulated on the bottom of the water such as a pond and the dredging intake structure. In FIG. 8A, the substantially front end of the upper surface of the dredging intake structure is buried under the sludge, and the sludge above the dredging intake structure cannot be taken in from the upper part, and the upper part is mud. Is spreading. On the other hand, there is a claw on the lower part of the back, and sludge is taken in as intended. FIG. 8B shows a case where the eaves are attached to the tip of the upper surface of the dredging intake structure. In addition, since the eaves are slightly higher than the height of the sludge deposit, the sludge can be taken in without being diffused. Since there is a claw part, sludge is taken in from the lower part more firmly than when there is no claw part, so the taking-in efficiency is high. When the substantially front end of the dredging intake structure is located far higher than the accumulated mud as shown in FIG. 8 (c), the efficiency of intake decreases when there is no claw, but when there is a claw. Is effective in taking in sludge and preventing the spread of sludge as in other cases.

FIG. 9 shows variations when viewed from above the shape of the main portion of the claw portion. The function of the claw part changes depending on the shape. FIG. 9A is a standard rectangle when viewed from above, and the description so far is based on this shape. It can be said that the shape can correspond to the normal dredging work described above. FIG. 9B is a trapezoidal shape with an acute angle of travel. It is effective when the hardness of sludge on the bottom of the water is higher than usual, or when there are some obstacles such as hard stones on the bottom of the water. Since the triangular portion having the tip as the apex is larger than the area of FIG. 9A, the sludge uptake range itself is widened, and the amount of mud uptake increases, which is efficient. In FIG. 9 (c), the tip portion has an angle and becomes a triangle in FIG. 9 (b), whereas the left and right arcs are drawn so that the central apex is pulled. Therefore, it is effective for sludge having a higher hardness than that of FIG. 9B, and has a high ability to deal with foreign substances such as stones on the bottom of the water. In FIG. 9 (d), the front surface in the traveling direction draws an arc unlike the figure (b), and since the claw portion itself has the largest area among these variations, there is relatively little sludge and foreign matter. When it is on the bottom of the water, the amount of sludge taken in is large, and efficient work can be performed.

<Outline of Embodiment 2>
<Overview>

The invention of the present embodiment is a dredging intake structure in which the angle of the claw portion (0101) provided at the lower end of the back surface can be adjusted, in addition to the feature of the first embodiment. Since the angle of the claws can be adjusted, the sludge can be taken in according to the situation by adjusting the angle, and at the same time, the sludge can be prevented from being rolled up when the dredging intake structure is moved. In order to take in sludge efficiently, various conditions such as the moving speed of the float body to which this dredging intake structure is attached, the hardness of sludge, and the viscosity must be taken into consideration, but the angle of the claws is adjusted. By doing so, it becomes possible to cope with many conditions relatively easily as compared with the case where there is no claw portion. When the hardness of the bottom surface of the pond is low or the viscosity of the sludge is low, a large amount of sludge can be taken in by increasing the angle of the claw portion with the water bottom surface, that is, by opening the claw portion. On the other hand, when the clay of the sludge is high, the sludge can be efficiently taken in by reducing the angle of the claws with the water bottom, that is, by closing the claws. Further, when the working time is shortened, the claws can be closed to reduce the resistance of water such as a pond. On the contrary, if there is a margin in working time, the intake amount can be prioritized and the angle of the claw portion can be opened.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram relating to the angle adjusting function of the claw portion of the dredging intake port structure. The claw portion (0501) is a pond by using a perforated metal plate (0502) for angle adjustment, a bolt and nut (0503) for the claw portion, and an angle adjustment bolt and nut (0504) used for the perforated metal plate. Since the angle of the claws with respect to the surface of the bottom of the water can be adjusted, the most efficient angle of the claws can be selected in consideration of the viscosity and other conditions of the sludge deposited on the bottom of the water such as a pond. By having the claws at the lower end of the dredging intake structure and adjusting the angle, the range of correspondence to the bottom of the water such as a pond is widened, and the sludge intake efficiency is further improved. At the same time, sludge diffused from the lower part of the dredging intake structure by the claws can be taken in more firmly than when there is no claws.

If the clay of the sludge is high and foreign matter such as stones is expected on the bottom of the water, the influence of the foreign matter can be minimized by setting the angle of the claw with the dredging intake structure body, for example, around 10 degrees. Sludge can be taken in while suppressing it. On the contrary, when the clay of sludge is low and foreign matter such as stones is not expected on the bottom of the water, a large amount of sludge can be efficiently taken in by setting this angle to around 30 degrees. If the angle is widened further, for example, if it is widened to around 45 degrees or more, the claws themselves will become resistance to the direction of travel, which may hinder the progress of the dredging intake structure body, so caution is required. Become.

<Outline of Embodiment 3>
<Overview>

In addition to the features described in Example 1 or Example 2, the invention of this embodiment has a back surface formed in a V shape centered on an intake port, and a claw portion is provided in front of the bottom surface of an inverted triangle in the traveling direction. It is an intake structure for dredging. The V-shaped back surface of the mud is efficiently fed to the intake port and the claws are arranged to improve the intake efficiency. The V-shaped back surface is efficient for sludge taken in from the opening at the front end in the direction of travel, passing through a fence to prevent foreign matter from entering, to the intake pipe along the V-shaped shape on the back surface in addition to the side surface. Can be sent in. By attaching the claw part not to the back surface but to the front end of the inverted triangle on the bottom surface in the traveling direction, sludge at the lower end of the dredging intake structure can be firmly taken in as the claw part without impairing the characteristics of the V-shaped back surface. At the same time, it works to prevent diffusion, and sludge can be efficiently sent to the intake port.

FIG. 6 is a structural explanatory view of a dredging intake port structure having a V-shaped back surface when viewed from diagonally above. Here, sludge on the bottom of the water such as a pond that has passed through the fence (0601), which is only partially drawn in the explanation, crosses between the side surfaces (0602), is prevented from spreading to the claws (0603), and continues to the bottom surface (0604). It reaches the back surface (0605) arranged in a V shape, is collected at the intake port (0606), and is sent to the intake pipe (0607). Due to the presence of the inverted triangular bottom surface composed of the V-shaped back surface, sludge does not stay and diffuse and heads toward the intake port, which makes the dredging work more efficient. By having a claw at the tip of the bottom surface (0604) of the inverted triangle with respect to the traveling direction, it becomes a highly efficient dredging intake structure that has the advantages of the V-shaped back surface and the claw at the same time. There is.

When the V-shaped angle on the back surface of the V-shape is slightly narrower than 180 degrees, the back surface is the same as when the back surface is flat, so that a sufficient effect on the transport of the sludge taken in to the intake port cannot be obtained. As the angle of the V-shape formed on the back approaches 90 degrees, the sludge taken in is efficiently carried to the intake port, and efficient uptake can be expected regardless of the sludge clay. On the other hand, when the angle of the V-shape formed on the back surface is narrower than 90 degrees, the angle must be determined in consideration of the diameter of the intake port. As the angle is made narrower than 90 degrees, if the clay of the sludge is high, it is assumed that the sludge may stay in the triangular portion formed by the V-shape, and conversely, the effect of the V-shape decreases.

Top surface: 0101
Back: 0102, 0605
Side: 0103, 0203, 0302, 0402, 0602
Intake port: 0104, 0205, 0304, 0606
Intake pipe: 0206, 0305, 0403, 0607
Opening: 0109
Claw part: 0105, 0201, 0301, 0401, 0501, 0603
Perforated metal plate for adjusting the angle of the claw: 0502
Claw bolts and nuts: 0503
Angle adjustment bolts and nuts: 0504
Fence: 0106, 0204, 0303, 0601
Shaft for movement: 0107
Bottom: 0108, 0202, 0604
Dredging intake structure: 1001
Tower: 1003
Float: 1004
Rail: 1005
Wheels of the turret: 1006

Claims (2)

The upper surface and the back surface, which is a flat surface arranged at the rear end in the traveling direction of the upper surface,
On the side,
An intake port provided near the lower end of the back surface for sucking up mud and sand to be dredged,
An opening in the direction of travel that is formed from the substantially front end of the upper surface to the lower end of the back surface, which is a flat surface .
A fence that is formed from the approximately front end of the upper surface to the lower end of the back surface, which is a flat surface, and is sized to clog the intake port, and a fence to prevent entry into the intake port.
A moving shaft for moving itself on the bottom of the water,
A dredging intake structure having a plate-shaped claw portion overhanging forward for scooping up a dredging object passed between the side surfaces at the lower end of the back surface, which is a flat surface . The dredging intake structure according to claim 1, wherein the claw portion has an adjustable angle.

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