JP7009831B2 - Ultrasonic irradiation device and ultrasonic irradiation method used for hygiene management of aquaculture equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an ultrasonic irradiation device and an ultrasonic irradiation method for destroying eggshells of Hadamushi attached to aquaculture equipment.

In the cage installed in the sea, the hadamushi parasitizes on the body surface of the farmed fish. When the hadamushi parasitizes the farmed fish, the farmed fish injures the body due to the behavior such as rubbing the body against the net in an attempt to drop the hadamushi, and there is a problem that the product value of the farmed fish is lowered.

In order to exterminate the worms in the cage, a medicinal bath with a hydrogen peroxide solution is generally used. In the chemical bath, the cultured fish in the cage is surrounded by a vinyl sheet or the like, and the fish is allowed to swim in a chemical solution having a predetermined concentration for a predetermined time, and then returned to the cage. This medicine bath puts a burden on the farmed fish and also makes a lot of hard work for the workers. Especially in the summer when the frequency of parasitism is high, it is necessary to increase the number of treatments, which requires a lot of manpower and time.

Therefore, there is a technique of oscillating ultrasonic waves in the cage in order to remove the hadamushi parasitizing the farmed fish without manpower and without burdening the farmed fish. By oscillating ultrasonic waves in the cage, it is possible to remove the hadamushi parasitized on the farmed fish by the action of cavitation generated by the ultrasonic waves.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 63-92562 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2-48211 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2002-119 WO2013 / 051725 Gazette

However, even if the above-mentioned technique is used, there is a high probability that the farmed fish will be damaged when the farmed fish is infested with the hadamushi. Therefore, a technique for fundamentally preventing the farmed fish from being infested with the hadamushi has been desired. In order to prevent the parasitism of the hadamushi from infesting the farmed fish, it is useful to destroy the eggshell of the hadamushi in the cage. There was a problem that it could not be done.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic irradiation device and an ultrasonic irradiation method for managing hygiene of aquaculture equipment by destroying eggshells of hadamushi attached to the aquaculture equipment. do.

The ultrasonic irradiation device used for the hygiene management of the culture equipment of the present invention for achieving the above object is a culture equipment installed in the sea with a frequency of 20 to 28 kHz and an output power amount of 1.3 W / cm ² per unit area. An ultrasonic oscillator that destroys the eggshell of parasites attached to the culture equipment by irradiating the above ultrasonic waves for 5 minutes or more, preferably 10 minutes or more is provided and installed on the outer periphery of the ultrasonic oscillation surface of the ultrasonic oscillator. It has a height of a predetermined length in the ultrasonic wave oscillation direction, and is characterized by having a diffusion protective wall connected to the culture equipment .

The diffusion protective wall of this ultrasonic irradiation device may be made of metal.

Further, this ultrasonic irradiation device includes two ultrasonic oscillators, one ultrasonic oscillator irradiates the culture equipment with ultrasonic waves from the inside of the culture equipment, and the other ultrasonic oscillator irradiates the culture equipment with the ultrasonic waves. The culture equipment may be irradiated with ultrasonic waves from the outside of the equipment.

Further, the ultrasonic oscillator of this ultrasonic irradiation device is suspended from a traveling body on a rail installed along the upper end edge of the culture equipment, and moves by the traveling of the traveling body, so that the culture equipment is different. The positions may be sequentially irradiated with ultrasonic waves.

Further, in the ultrasonic oscillation method of the present invention, an ultrasonic wave having a frequency of 20 to 28 kHz and an output power amount of 1.3 W / cm ² or more per unit area is irradiated to a culture facility installed in the sea for 5 minutes or more. It is characterized by destroying the eggshell of a parasite attached to the culture facility.

According to the ultrasonic irradiation device and the ultrasonic irradiation method used for the hygiene management of the aquaculture equipment of the present invention, the eggshell of the beetle attached to the aquaculture equipment can be destroyed.

It is an overall view which shows the Example which irradiates the cage in the sea with ultrasonic waves by the ultrasonic wave irradiation apparatus by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is external perspective view which shows the ultrasonic oscillator of the ultrasonic wave irradiation apparatus by 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is an overall view which shows the Example which irradiates the cage in the sea with ultrasonic waves by the ultrasonic wave irradiation apparatus by 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is an overall view which shows the Example which irradiates the cage in the sea with an ultrasonic wave by the ultrasonic wave irradiation apparatus by 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is an external perspective view which shows the Example of the ultrasonic oscillator provided with the moving means of the ultrasonic wave irradiation apparatus by 4th Embodiment of this invention. (A) to (e) are image pickup information obtained by photographing a sample of an experiment conducted in a glass container using the ultrasonic irradiation apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. (A) to (e) are imaging information obtained by photographing a sample of an experiment conducted in a stainless steel container using the ultrasonic irradiation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

In general, the parasite of farmed fish, Hadamushi, lays eggs in the sea on a farmed net to which oyster shells and barnacles are attached. Then, the cilia of the egg are entwined with the oyster shell and barnacle, and the egg hatches.

Hereinafter, as an embodiment of the present invention, a case where hygiene management of a fish cage, which is a farming facility, is described by destroying eggshells of Hadamushi laid in aquaculture nets by irradiating them with ultrasonic waves.

<< First Embodiment >>
As shown in FIG. 1, the ultrasonic irradiation device 10A according to the first embodiment of the present invention irradiates the aquaculture net 2 installed for providing the cage 1 in the sea with ultrasonic waves. The ultrasonic irradiation device 10A according to the present embodiment includes an oscillation device 11 that supplies energy for ultrasonic oscillation, and an ultrasonic oscillator 13 suspended in the sea by a cable 12 connected to the oscillation device 11. The ultrasonic oscillator 13 is composed of a box body having, for example, an ultrasonic oscillation surface 13a having a length of about 30 cm and a width of about 20 cm, and has a plurality of oscillators 131 inside. These oscillators 131 oscillate ultrasonic waves into the sea from the ultrasonic oscillation surface 13a by the energy supplied from the oscillating device 11. The ultrasonic oscillator 13 is suspended near the culture net 2 outside the cage 1 so that the ultrasonic oscillation surface 13a faces the culture net 2.

The ultrasonic oscillator 13 transmits ultrasonic waves having a frequency of 20 to 28 kHz and an output power amount of 1.3 W / cm ² or more per unit area of the ultrasonic oscillation surface 13a for 5 minutes or more, preferably 10 minutes or more, and a culture net. Irradiate the predetermined area of 2.

The output power amount of the ultrasonic wave oscillated from the ultrasonic wave oscillator 13 will be described. In the present embodiment, the ultrasonic oscillator 13 has 15 oscillators 131, and the area of the ultrasonic oscillation surface 13a corresponding to each oscillator 131 is 20.25 cm ² . In the present embodiment, since the oscillating device 11 supplies an output power of 400 W or more to the ultrasonic oscillator 13, the output power amount per unit area of the ultrasonic oscillating surface 13a corresponding to this is "1" by the following equation (1). It is calculated as "3 W / cm ² or more".

[Number 1]
400W / (20.25cm ² x 15 pieces) = 1.3W / cm ² ... (1)
According to the above first embodiment, by effectively destroying the eggshell of the hadamushi attached to the culture net 2, the hatching of the hadamushi can be prevented and the infestation to the cultured fish can be suppressed.

<< Second Embodiment >>
The ultrasonic irradiation device 10B according to the second embodiment of the present invention is made of a metal having a height of a predetermined length in the ultrasonic oscillation direction on the outer periphery of the ultrasonic oscillation surface 13a of the ultrasonic oscillator 13 as shown in FIG. The diffusion protective wall 132 is installed. The diffusion protective wall 132 is made of, for example, stainless steel. Since the other configurations are the same as those of the ultrasonic irradiation device 10A described in the first embodiment, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

By irradiating the culture net 2 with ultrasonic waves as shown in FIG. 3 using an ultrasonic oscillator 13 provided with a metal diffusion protective wall 132, the ultrasonic waves oscillated from the ultrasonic oscillator 13 can be diffused. It is prevented and attenuation is suppressed. This makes it possible to efficiently destroy the eggshell of Hadamushi.

In the first embodiment and the second embodiment described above, the case where the ultrasonic oscillator 13 is installed outside the cage 1 and the aquaculture net 2 is irradiated with ultrasonic waves from the outside of the cage 1 has been described. The culture net 2 may be configured to irradiate ultrasonic waves from the inside of the cage.

<< Third Embodiment >>
As shown in FIG. 4, the ultrasonic wave irradiation device 10C according to the third embodiment of the present invention includes two ultrasonic wave irradiation means of the first ultrasonic wave irradiation means 101 and the second ultrasonic wave irradiation means 102, and the culture net 2 Ultrasound is applied to the culture net 2 from both the inside and the outside of the. The first ultrasonic wave irradiation means 101 is composed of an oscillator 11-1 and an ultrasonic oscillator 13-1 connected to the oscillator 11-1 via a cable 12-1. The second ultrasonic irradiation means 102 includes an oscillator 11-2 and an ultrasonic oscillator 13-2 connected to the oscillator 11-2 via a cable 12-2. The configuration of each of the first ultrasonic wave irradiation means 101 and the second ultrasonic wave irradiation means 102 is the same as that of either the ultrasonic wave irradiation device 10A described in the first embodiment or the ultrasonic wave irradiation device 10B described in the second embodiment. Therefore, a detailed description will be omitted.

The ultrasonic oscillator 13-1 of the first ultrasonic irradiation means 101 is suspended near the culture net 2 inside the cage 1 and irradiates the culture net 2 with ultrasonic waves from the inside of the cage 1. The ultrasonic oscillator 13-2 of the second ultrasonic irradiation means 102 is suspended near the culture net 2 outside the cage 1 and irradiates the culture net 2 with ultrasonic waves from the outside of the cage 1.

In this way, by irradiating the aquaculture net 2 with ultrasonic waves from both the outside and the inside of the aquaculture net 2 using two ultrasonic oscillators, the hadamushi attached to the aquaculture net 2 can be subjected to higher accuracy. Eggshell can be destroyed.

<< Fourth Embodiment >>
As shown in FIG. 5, the ultrasonic wave irradiation device 10D according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention travels the ultrasonic wave oscillator 13 on a rail 21 installed along the upper end edge of the culture net 2 of the cage 1. It is installed so as to be suspended from the body 22 into the sea. Then, by running the traveling body 22 on the rail 21, the ultrasonic oscillator 13 is appropriately moved.

With this configuration, the ultrasonic oscillator 13 having a limited area of the ultrasonic oscillation surface 13a can sequentially irradiate different positions of the culture net 2 with ultrasonic waves. The traveling body 22 may be manually traveled by an operator, or may be configured to travel automatically.

The following shows the results of an experiment in which ultrasonic waves were applied to the eggshell of Hadamushi under various conditions.

[Experimental Example 1]
The amount of output power per unit area is 0.7 W / cm ² (200 W / (20.25 cm ² x 15 pieces) = 0.7 W / cm) for a sample in which a mass of eggshell of Hadamushi is put in a glass container. In ² ), ultrasonic waves having frequencies of 40 kHz, 70 kHz, and 104 kHz were irradiated for 10 seconds, 1 minute, 5 minutes, and 10 minutes, respectively. In addition, the output power amount per unit area is 1.3 W / cm ² (400 W / (20.25 cm ² x 15) = 1.3 W / cm ² ), and ultrasonic waves with frequencies of 28 kHz, 40 kHz, 70 kHz, and 104 kHz are emitted. Irradiation was performed for 10 seconds, 1 minute, 5 minutes, and 10 minutes, respectively. Three samples were used for each irradiation condition. Table 1 shows the results of visually confirming the state of destruction of the eggshell after irradiation.

In the table, ○ indicates that most of the eggshells have been destroyed, △ indicates that several eggshells have been destroyed, or that there are variations depending on the sample, and × indicates that the eggshells have been destroyed. This is the case when it can hardly be confirmed.

As shown in Table 1 above, in the glass container, the destruction of some eggshells was confirmed only when ultrasonic waves with an output power of 1.3 W / cm ² and a frequency of 28 kHz were irradiated for 10 minutes. Under all other conditions, almost no destruction of eggshell could be confirmed.

FIG. 6A shows the image pickup information of the sample before the ultrasonic wave irradiation, and FIG. 6B shows the ultrasonic wave with a frequency of 28 kHz for 10 seconds at an output power amount of 1.3 W / cm ² using a glass container. This is the imaging information of the later sample. Similarly, (c) is the imaging information of the sample after irradiation for 1 minute, (d) is the imaging information of the sample after irradiation for 5 minutes, and (e) is the imaging information of the sample after irradiation for 10 minutes. Information. In the sample shown in FIG. 6 (e), about 25% of eggshell destruction was confirmed as compared with the state before irradiation in FIG. 6 (a).

[Experimental Example 2]
For a sample in which a mass of eggshell of Hadamushi was put into a glass container and a stainless steel container, the output power per unit area was 1.3 W / cm ² , and ultrasonic waves with a frequency of 28 kHz were applied for 10 seconds, respectively. Irradiation was performed for 1 minute, 5 minutes, and 10 minutes. Three samples were used for each irradiation condition. Table 2 shows the results of visually confirming the state of destruction of the eggshell after irradiation.

As shown in Table 2 above, in the stainless steel container, the destruction of some eggshells was confirmed when ultrasonic waves with an output power of 1.3 W / cm ² and a frequency of 28 kHz were irradiated for 5 minutes. In addition, when an ultrasonic wave with an output power of 1.3 W / cm ² and a frequency of 28 kHz was irradiated for 10 minutes, most of the eggshell was confirmed to be destroyed.

FIG. 7A shows the image pickup information of the sample before the ultrasonic wave irradiation, and FIG. 7B shows the ultrasonic wave with a frequency of 28 kHz for 10 seconds at an output power amount of 1.3 W / cm ² using a stainless steel container. This is the imaging information of the later sample. Similarly, (c) is the imaging information of the sample after irradiation for 1 minute, (d) is the imaging information of the sample after irradiation for 5 minutes, and (e) is the imaging information of the sample after irradiation for 10 minutes. Information. From these imaging information, contraction of the egg mass first occurs after the start of irradiation (FIGS. 7 (b) and (c)), and then the destruction of the eggshell progresses as the irradiation time increases (FIG. 7 (d)), and irradiation for 10 minutes. Later, it can be seen that most of the eggshells have been destroyed (Fig. 7 (e)).

The tendency of the above experimental results is that "the lower the frequency, the larger the core of cavitation generated and the stronger the cleaning strength", and "the larger the output power, the larger the cavitation", which is generally known about ultrasonic cleaning. The number is large and the cleaning strength is high. "

It was also confirmed that the experiment conducted using the stainless steel container was more damaging to the eggshell than the glass container. It is presumed that this is because the stainless steel container has a larger reflection effect of ultrasonic waves and is less likely to be attenuated.

From the above-mentioned experimental results, the destruction of the eggshell of Hadamushi has an output power of 1.3 W / cm ² or more, and the minimum frequency of ultrasonic waves is 20 kHz, and the frequency of 28 kHz found to be effective in this experiment. It was clarified that the effect can be obtained by irradiating ultrasonic waves with frequencies in the range for 5 minutes or longer, preferably 10 minutes or longer.

Further, it has been clarified that the diffusion protective wall 132 installed in the ultrasonic oscillator 13 is made of metal to prevent the attenuation of ultrasonic waves and to obtain the effect more reliably.

1 ... Raw cage 2 ... Culture net 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D ... Ultrasonic irradiation device 11,11-1,11-2 ... Oscillator 12,12-1,12-2 ... Cable 13 ... Ultrasonic oscillator 13a ... Ultra Sound wave oscillation surface 21 ... Rail 22 ... Traveling body 101 ... First ultrasonic wave irradiation means 102 ... Second ultrasonic wave irradiation means 131 ... Transducer 132 ... Diffusion protective wall

Claims (6)

The culture equipment installed in the sea is irradiated with ultrasonic waves with a frequency of 20 to 28 kHz and an output power of 1.3 W / cm ² or more per unit area for 5 minutes or more to remove the eggshells of the parasites attached to the culture equipment. Equipped with an ultrasonic oscillator that destroys
It has a diffusion protective wall installed on the outer periphery of the ultrasonic oscillation surface of the ultrasonic oscillator, having a height of a predetermined length in the ultrasonic oscillation direction, and being connected to the cultivation facility.
An ultrasonic irradiation device used for hygiene management of aquaculture equipment. The first aspect of claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic oscillator irradiates the culture equipment with ultrasonic waves having a frequency of 20 to 28 kHz and an output power amount of 1.3 W / cm ² or more per unit area for 10 minutes or more. Ultrasonic irradiation device used for hygiene management of culture equipment. The diffusion protective wall is made of metal.
The ultrasonic irradiation device used for hygiene management of aquaculture equipment according to claim 1 or 2 . Equipped with two ultrasonic oscillators
One ultrasonic oscillator irradiates the aquaculture facility with ultrasonic waves from the inside of the aquaculture facility, and the other ultrasonic oscillator irradiates the aquaculture facility with ultrasonic waves from the outside of the aquaculture facility.
The ultrasonic irradiation device used for hygiene management of aquaculture equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 3 . The ultrasonic oscillator is suspended from a traveling body on a rail installed along the upper end edge of the aquaculture facility, moves by the traveling of the traveling body, and sequentially irradiates different positions of the aquaculture facility with ultrasonic waves. do
The ultrasonic irradiation device used for hygiene management of aquaculture equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 4 . For aquaculture equipment installed in the sea, frequency 20-28kHz, output power per unit area 1.3W / cm ² An ultrasonic irradiation method characterized by irradiating the above ultrasonic waves for 5 minutes or more to destroy the eggshells of parasites adhering to the aquaculture facility.

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