JP6999130B2 - Electric passenger car - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an electric passenger vehicle.

The electric passenger vehicle shown in Patent Document 1 including a wheel and a drive unit including a wheel motor for driving the wheel is conventionally known.

According to the electric passenger vehicle of the above document, the wheel and the wheel motor are integrated, and the power is directly transmitted from the wheel motor to the wheel. Therefore, the power of the engine is transferred to the wheel by a large-scale transmission mechanism such as a transmission. Compared to the case of transmission, there is less energy loss and the weight is lighter.

On the other hand, in the electric passenger vehicle of the above document, the impact from the road surface is directly transmitted to the wheel motor via the wheels, so it is necessary to soften the impact.

Therefore, a suspension having a plurality of support arms (“upper arm 34” and “lower arm 36” in the same document) and cushioning means (“shock absorber 38” in the same document) and a suspension (“wheel suspension member 26” in the same document). The non-rotating portion of the wheel motor is supported by a dedicated support frame (“subframe 14” in the same document) that supports the suspension on the vehicle body side.

According to this configuration, the cushioning from the road surface can be softened by the suspension, but the support structure of the drive unit becomes complicated, and it becomes difficult to keep the manufacturing cost low.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2010-269634

The present invention includes a drive unit including a wheel and a wheel motor for driving the wheel, supports the drive unit on the vehicle body side so as to be able to soften an impact transmitted from the road surface to the drive unit, and the support structure is also simple electric. The subject is to provide a type passenger vehicle.

In order to solve the above problems, an electric passenger vehicle includes a drive unit including wheels and a wheel motor for driving the wheels, and a support member attached to the vehicle body side, and the non-rotating portion of the wheel motor is moved up and down. A support mechanism that supports the vehicle body so that it can move linearly in the direction, an elastic member that deforms when the drive unit is displaced upward with respect to the vehicle body and exerts an elastic force on the drive unit, and the support member. It is provided with a mounting mechanism that mounts the wheel on the vehicle body side so that it can move linearly in the vertical direction, and an elastic member that deforms when the support member is displaced upward with respect to the vehicle body and exerts an elastic force on the support member. The drive unit is supported by a support member so as to be movable linearly in the vertical direction, the support member is a support frame, and the elastic member that exerts an elastic force on the drive unit in the frame of the support frame. The elastic member that exerts an elastic force on the support member is arranged in a state of being arranged in a linear moving direction of the non-rotating portion of the wheel motor .

The support mechanism has a shaft portion formed in the vertical direction, and the support mechanism supports the non-rotating portion of the wheel motor toward the vehicle body so as to be displaceable in the axial direction of the shaft portion by the shaft portion. The elastic member may be configured and may be arranged on the shaft portion side.

The elastic member is a tubular elastic block body that is externally attached to the shaft portion, and the elastic block body is compressed and deformed when the drive unit is displaced upward with respect to the vehicle body, and the elastic force is applied to the drive unit. May be configured to act.

At least the support member and the elastic member may be integrated to form a support unit, and one drive unit may be supported by a plurality of support units .

A cushioning material that cushions each other's impact may be provided between the support member and the drive unit, or between the support member and the vehicle body side .

The support member may be attached to the chassis frame in a state of protruding upward from the chassis frame forming a part of the vehicle body .

The support member may be provided with a bolt for attaching to the chassis frame constituting a part of the vehicle body, and the shaft portion may be formed on the bolt .

A bolt for attaching the drive unit to the support member may be provided, and the shaft portion may be formed on the bolt .

According to the above configuration, when the drive unit is displaced upward with respect to the vehicle body due to the impact from the road surface, the drive unit is displaced upward in a straight line and the elastic member elastically absorbs the impact, so that the support structure thereof. It becomes possible to soften the impact from the road surface by simplifying.

It is a top view which shows the structure of the electric tricycle to which the electric passenger car of this invention is applied. It is a side view which shows the structure of the electric tricycle to which the electric passenger car of this invention is applied. It is a front view which shows the structure of the electric tricycle to which the electric passenger car of this invention is applied. It is a perspective view which shows the frame structure of this electric tricycle. It is a side view which shows the support structure of a rear wheel. It is a rear view which shows the support structure of a rear wheel.

1 to 3 are a plan view, a side view, and a front view showing a configuration of an electric tricycle to which the electric passenger vehicle of the present invention is applied, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a frame structure of the electric tricycle. The illustrated electric tricycle includes a single front wheel 1, a pair of left and right rear wheels 2, 2, and a vehicle body 3 supported by the three wheels 1, 2, and 2.

The vehicle body 3 includes a chassis frame 4 supported by three wheels 1 and 2, a front frame 6 formed upward from the front end portion of the chassis frame 4 and formed in an inverted U shape in a front view, and the chassis. The rear frame 7 formed upward from the rear end of the frame 4 and formed in an inverted U shape in front view is erected between the upper part of the front frame 6 and the upper part of the rear frame 7 and is parallel in the left-right direction. It has a plurality of (four in the illustrated example) roof frames 8 extending in the front-rear direction.

Arrangement spaces 9 and 9 forming notches are formed on the left and right sides of the rear portion of the chassis frame 4, respectively. Rear wheels 2 and 2 are arranged in the left and right installation spaces 9 and 9. The left-right width of the front frame 6 and the left-right width of the front end portion of the chassis frame 4 are set to be the same or substantially the same. The left-right width of the rear frame 7 and the left-right width of the rear end portion of the chassis frame 4 are set to be the same or substantially the same. These frames 4, 6, 7, and 8 form at least a part of the frame portion (airframe frame) 3a of the vehicle body 3. Further, an interior space 11 is formed between the front frame 6 and the rear frame 7.

In the vehicle interior space 11, the floor surface 12 is formed by a plate-shaped member laid on the chassis frame 4, the front is covered by the front panel 13 attached to the front frame 6, and the rear is the rear panel attached to the rear frame 7. Covered by (not shown) and above by a roof panel 14 supported by a roof frame 8.

A transparent windshield 16 is installed in the center of the front panel 13 to ensure a forward view from the vehicle interior space 11. Further, below the windshield 16 in the front panel 13, front lights 17 and 17 that illuminate the front are installed in pairs on the left and right. On the other hand, a viewing window is also provided on the rear panel, and rear lamps 18 are installed at two locations on the left and right near the lower portion thereof.

Further, the vehicle interior space 12 is provided with a driver's seat 19 and a rear seat 21 arranged behind the driver's seat 19.

The driver's seat 19 includes a front frame 22 projecting upward from the front end of the chassis frame 4, a rear frame 23 projecting upward from the chassis frame 4 directly behind the front frame 22, and front frames 22 and rear. Supported by a front-rear frame 24 erected between the frame 23 and extending diagonally upward and forward, a support cylinder 26 fixedly fixed to the front end of the front-rear frame 24 and formed in the vertical direction, and a rear frame 23 and a front-rear frame 24. A saddle (seat portion) 27, a rotating shaft 28 inserted into the support cylinder 26, and a handle 29 that is attached and fixed to the upper end portion of the rotating shaft 28 and is bifurcated to the left and right from the upper end portion. I have.

The rotation shaft 28 constitutes a part of the front fork 31 extending diagonally forward and downward from the handle 29 side. The front fork 31 has the function of a suspension, and the front wheel 1 is rotatably supported at the lower end thereof. Further, a rotating disc 32 that rotates integrally with the front wheel 1 is disposed at a position adjacent to the front wheel 1 on the left and right sides, and constitutes a part of the disc brake that exerts a braking force on the front wheel 1.

According to the driver's seat 19 having the configuration, the driver who is seated on the saddle 27 and puts his / her foot on the floor surface 12 grips both the left and right sides of the handle 28, and the handle 28 rotates around the axis of the rotation shaft 28. The front fork 31 is rotated to perform a steering operation to change the direction of the front wheel 1.

Further, an operation panel 33 is installed on the upper surface side of the middle portion of the front and rear frames 24. The operation panel 33 makes it possible to perform various operations such as starting and stopping. Further, the operation panel 33 is also provided with a speedometer so that the traveling speed of the electric tricycle can be visually confirmed.

The rear seat 21 is a bench seat on which passengers such as passengers who are not a plurality of drivers can sit. The rear seat 21 includes a seat frame 34 formed in a box shape at the rear portion on the chassis frame 4, a seat portion 36 laid on the upper surface of the seat frame 34, and a backrest 37 arranged behind the seat portion 36. And side frames 38 arranged on the left and right sides of the seat portion 36 and the backrest 37, respectively.

The left and right side frames 38, 38 also function as fences to prevent one or more passengers seated on the seat 36 from falling out of the vehicle from the side.

The left and right side portions of the seat frame 34 are each formed in a notch shape in a plan view so as to avoid the arrangement space 9. Further, a storage space 39 is formed inside the seat frame 34, and is covered by a plurality of covers (not shown) on all sides, and the storage space 39 can be accessed by opening / closing or removing the cover or the seat 36. Is.

The accommodation space 39 includes a main battery (not shown) and an auxiliary battery 41, a supply circuit 43 that supplies electric power from the main battery and the auxiliary battery 41 to the wheel motors 42 and 42, and a control unit 44 that performs various controls. It houses a main switch 46 and the like that turn the power on and off.

The wheel motors 42 and 42 are a type of electric motors provided for each of the left and right rear wheels 2 and 2. The wheel motor 42 may adopt either a direct drive system in which power is directly transmitted to the rear wheels 2 or a gear reduction system in which power is transmitted to the rear wheels 2 via a speed reducer, and the inside of the hub of the rear wheels 2 may be adopted. At least part of it is mounted and integrated with the hub. In other words, the rear wheel 2 and the wheel motor 42 are integrated.

In the illustrated example, the supply circuit 43 includes a DC / DC converter, lowers or raises the voltage from the main battery or auxiliary battery 41 to an appropriate voltage corresponding to the wheel motor 42, and powers the wheel motor 42. Supply. Incidentally, the supply circuit 43 may be configured by combining other semiconductor elements, inverters or converters.

The control unit 44 controls the power supply to the wheel motors 42 and 42 via the supply circuit 43 according to the operation from the driver's seat 19 and the external environment.

In this electric tricycle, the driver switches the main switch 46 to ON, sits in the driver's seat 19, puts one or more passengers on the rear seat 21, and accelerates or brakes while steering with the handle 29. By accelerating and decelerating by operation, the vehicle body 3 is driven.

Next, the support structure of the rear wheel 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 4, 6, and 7.

6 and 7 are side views and rear views showing the support structure of the rear wheels. Mounting brackets 47, which are formed in a square plate shape extending horizontally in the front-rear direction and form a part of the chassis frame 4 (vehicle body 3), are provided in the left and right arrangement spaces 9 and 9 so as to be close to the left and right inward. On the bracket 47, a drive unit 49 in which the wheel 2 and the wheel motor 42 are integrated is elastically supported so as to be vertically movable via a plurality of support units 48, 48 (a pair of front and rear in the illustrated example).

The wheel motor 42 has a non-rotating portion 51 attached to the vehicle body 3 side, and a rotating portion 52 arranged on the outer side of the non-rotating portion 51 and rotating with respect to the vehicle body 3.

The non-rotating portion 51 integrally comprises a mounted frame 53 extending in the front-rear direction and a support 54 that protrudes downward from the front-rear halfway portion (specifically, the intermediate portion) of the mounted frame 53 and is formed into a rectangular parallelepiped shape. It is shaped like a T-shape when viewed from the side. The attached frame 53 is a channel-shaped member having a U-shaped cross-sectional view with an open upper portion.

Most of the rotating portion 52 is housed in the wheel 2 and is rotatably supported by the support 53. The rotating portion 52 is a rotation that is integrated with the inside of the hub of the wheel 2 and rotates integrally with the wheel 2, and is arranged between the rotor 56 and the support 54 and rotates integrally with the rotor 56. It has a shaft 57.

The rotation axis X of the rotor 56 and the rotation shaft 57 is oriented in a direction perpendicular to and horizontal to the total length direction of the vehicle body 3. Further, in the left and right wheel motors 42, 42, the supports 54, 54 are connected and fixed by a connecting frame 58 formed in a round pipe shape extending in the left-right direction, and the mutual rotation axes X are also on the same axis. Is set to.

Further, a rotating disc 59 that rotates integrally with the rotating shaft 57 is mounted on the rotating shaft 57, and the rotating disc 59 constitutes a part of a disc brake 61 which is a kind of braking mechanism. The disc brake 61 is braked by a braking device 62 installed on the attached frame 53 and forming a part of the disc brake, and brakes the rear wheel 2.

The support unit 49 integrally includes a support frame 63 formed in a rectangular shape in a side view and a pair of upper and lower elastic block bodies (elastic members) 64 and 66 arranged in the frame of the support frame 63. A pair of front and rear wheel motors 42 and 42 are provided.

First, the mounting structure of the support unit 49 to the mounting bracket 47 will be described. The support frame 63 is mounted on the mounting bracket 47 by bolts 67 and nuts 68. The bolt 67 has a shaft portion 67a that vertically penetrates the lower portion of the support frame 63 and the mounting bracket 47.

The elastic block body 64 arranged on the lower side in the frame of the support frame 63 is formed in a cylindrical shape so that it can be exteriorized on the shaft portion 67a of the bolt 67. The elastic block body 64 externally attached to the shaft portion 67a in this way is elastically sandwiched between the lower inner surface (bottom surface) of the support frame 63 and the head portion of the bolt 67 or the nut 68.

According to the structure, the support frame 63 is attached to the mounting bracket 47 (vehicle body 3 side) so as to be movable in the axial direction (straight in the vertical direction) of the shaft portion 67a of the bolt 67. In other words, the bolt 67 and the nut 68 constitute a mounting mechanism for mounting the support frame 63 on the vehicle body 3 side so as to be movable in the axial direction of the shaft portion 67a.

Then, when an impact force that displaces the support frame 63 upward is applied, the elastic block body 64 elastically deforms to the compression side and exerts an elastic force downward on the side that cancels the impact force, and this impact is applied. To absorb.

Further, an elastically deformable cushioning material 69 is interposed between the lower outer surface (lower end surface) of the support frame 63 and the mounting bracket 47. The cushioning material 69 is formed in a cylindrical shape that is externally attached to the shaft portion 67a described above, and the outer periphery thereof is formed in a truncated cone shape whose diameter gradually decreases downward. When an impact force that displaces the support frame 63 downward acts, the cushioning material 69 elastically deforms between the support frame 63 and the mounting bracket 47 to soften the impact.

Next, the support structure of the wheel motor 42 to the pair of front and rear support units 49, 49 will be described. The support 54 is positioned between the support frames 63, 63 of the front and rear support units 49, 49, and is attached. The left and right side portions of the frame 53 are placed and supported on the upper surfaces of the left and right support frames 63, 63, respectively, and attached to the upper surfaces of the left and right support frames 63, 63 by bolts 71 and nuts 72. The bolt 71 has a shaft portion 71a that vertically penetrates the bottom portion of the supported frame 53 and the upper portion of the support frame 63.

The elastic block body 66 arranged on the upper side in the frame of the support frame 63 is formed in a cylindrical shape so that it can be externally attached to the shaft portion 71a of the bolt 71. The elastic block body 66 externally attached to the shaft portion 71a in this way is elastically sandwiched between the upper inner surface (ceiling surface) of the support frame 63 and the head portion of the bolt 71 or the nut 72.

According to the structure, the drive unit 49 (wheel motor 42) is moved in the axial direction (straight in the vertical direction) of the shaft portion 71a of the bolt 71 by a plurality of support units 49, 49 (a pair of front and rear in the illustrated example). It is movably attached to the support frame 63 (vehicle body 3 side). In other words, a pair of front and rear support units 49, 49 form a support mechanism that supports the drive unit 49 (wheel motor 42) on the vehicle body 3 side so as to be movable in the axial direction of the front and rear shaft portions 71a parallel to each other. ing.

Then, when an impact force that displaces the drive unit 49 (wheel motor 42) upward acts, the elastic block body 66 elastically deforms to the compression side and exerts an elastic force downward on the side that cancels the impact force. Let it act and absorb this impact.

Further, an elastically deformable cushioning material 73 is interposed between the upper outer surface (upper end surface) of the support frame 63 and the lower surface of the attached frame 53. The cushioning material 73 is formed in a cylindrical shape that is externally attached to the shaft portion 71a described above, and the outer circumference is formed in a truncated cone shape whose diameter gradually decreases upward. When an impact force that displaces the drive unit 49 (wheel motor 42) downward acts, the cushioning material 73 elastically deforms between the support frame 63 and the attached frame 53 to soften the impact. ..

Incidentally, the upper and lower shaft portions 67a and 71a, at least a part of which is located in the frame of each support frame 63, have the same axis Y. Therefore, the support frame 63 and the drive unit 49 move in a direction along the axis Y (specifically, in a parallel direction).

According to the support structure as described above, since the impact from the road surface can be absorbed without providing a mechanism such as a complicated suspension, the configuration is simplified. In particular, when the vehicle body 3 is traveling on an uneven road surface and the drive unit 49 is displaced upward with respect to the support unit 49 due to an impact from the road surface, the support unit 49 is also attached accordingly. The effect is great because the impact is gradually absorbed by the upper and lower elastic block bodies 64 and 66, which are displaced upward with respect to the bracket 47.

Further, the elastic block bodies 64 and 66 have a simpler structure and a lower price than the compression springs and the like, so that the cost can be further reduced.

Further, since the elastic block bodies 64 and 66 are housed in the frame of the support frame 63 and it is not necessary to prepare a separate space, it becomes easy to form the whole compactly. In addition, since the elastic block bodies 64 and 66 are compactly arranged on the shaft portions 67a and 71a, they also contribute to space saving in that sense.

Moreover, the elastic block bodies 64 and 66 are formed in a cylindrical shape through which the shaft portions 67a and 71a are inserted, and serve as a guide for guiding the axial movement of the shaft portions 67a and 71a of the drive unit 49 or the support frame 63. Also functions, which contributes to the reduction of the number of parts.

On the other hand, when an impact occurs between the wheel motor 42 and the support frame 63 or between the support frame 63 and the mounting bracket 47 due to the downward displacement of the drive unit 49 with respect to the support unit 49. This impact is mitigated by the upper and lower cushioning materials 69 and 73.

The electric passenger vehicle of the present invention is not limited to a tricycle, and can be applied to a four-wheeled vehicle having a pair of left and right front wheels 1,1 and a pair of left and right rear wheels 2, 2. In this case, the wheel motor 42 and the plurality of support units 49 may be provided on the left and right front wheels 1, respectively, or may be provided on the left and right rear wheels 2, respectively.

Further, the present invention may be applied to a passenger vehicle such as a large truck having four or more wheels.

Further, the elastic member is not limited to the elastic block bodies 64, 66 that are externally attached to the shaft portion 67a, 71a, and if the elastic member can absorb the impact from the road surface, the shaft portion 67a, such as a coil spring, is used. A compression spring, a tension spring, a leaf spring, or the like that can be externally attached to 71a may be used.

2 Rear wheel (wheel)
3 Body 42 Wheel motor (electric motor)
49 Drive unit 51 Non-rotating part 63 Support frame (support member)
64 Elastic block body (elastic member)
66 Elastic block body (elastic member)
69 Cushioning material 71a Shaft 73 Cushioning material

Claims (8)

It ’s an electric passenger car.
A drive unit including a wheel and a wheel motor for driving the wheel, and
A support mechanism that includes a support member mounted on the vehicle body side and supports the non-rotating portion of the wheel motor on the vehicle body side so as to be able to move linearly in the vertical direction.
An elastic member that deforms when the drive unit is displaced upward with respect to the vehicle body and exerts an elastic force on the drive unit .
A mounting mechanism that mounts the support member on the vehicle body side so that it can move linearly in the vertical direction,
It is provided with an elastic member that deforms when the support member is displaced upward with respect to the vehicle body and exerts an elastic force on the support member .
The drive unit is supported by a support member so as to be able to move linearly in the vertical direction.
The support member is a support frame and
Within the frame of the support frame, the elastic member that exerts an elastic force on the drive unit and the elastic member that exerts an elastic force on the support member move linearly in a non-rotating portion of the wheel motor. Arranged in a direction
Electric passenger car. The support mechanism has a shaft portion formed in the vertical direction, and has a shaft portion.
The support mechanism is configured to support the non-rotating portion of the wheel motor toward the vehicle body so as to be displaceable in the axial direction of the shaft portion by the shaft portion.
The electric passenger vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the elastic member is arranged on the shaft portion side. The elastic member is a tubular elastic block body that is externally attached to the shaft portion.
The electric passenger vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the elastic block body is compressed and deformed when the drive unit is displaced upward with respect to the vehicle body, and is configured to exert an elastic force on the drive unit. At least the support member and the elastic member are integrated to form a support unit.
The electric passenger vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein one drive unit is supported by a plurality of support units . The electric passenger vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein a cushioning material for cushioning each other's impact is provided between the support member and the drive unit, or between the support member and the vehicle body side . The electric passenger vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the support member is attached to the chassis frame with the support member protruding upward from the chassis frame forming a part of the vehicle body . A bolt for attaching the support member to the chassis frame constituting a part of the vehicle body is provided.
The electric passenger vehicle according to claim 2 , wherein the shaft portion is formed on the bolt . A bolt for attaching the drive unit to the support member is provided.
The electric passenger vehicle according to claim 2 or 7, wherein the shaft portion is formed on the bolt .

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