JP6992227B2 - Heat storage device - Google Patents
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- JP6992227B2 JP6992227B2 JP2018094926A JP2018094926A JP6992227B2 JP 6992227 B2 JP6992227 B2 JP 6992227B2 JP 2018094926 A JP2018094926 A JP 2018094926A JP 2018094926 A JP2018094926 A JP 2018094926A JP 6992227 B2 JP6992227 B2 JP 6992227B2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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Description
本発明は、蓄熱装置に関する。特に、化学反応を利用して蓄熱を行う化学蓄熱装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a heat storage device. In particular, the present invention relates to a chemical heat storage device that stores heat using a chemical reaction.
工場やごみ焼却場等においては、膨大な量の廃熱が発生するため、省エネルギー化や未利用エネルギーの有効活用の観点から、これらの廃熱を蓄熱して利用する蓄熱システムに関する研究開発が進められている。 Since a huge amount of waste heat is generated in factories and waste incinerators, research and development on a heat storage system that stores and uses this waste heat is proceeding from the viewpoint of energy saving and effective utilization of unused energy. Has been done.
例えば、特許文献１には、外部からの熱エネルギーを貯蔵する蓄熱材に蓄熱し、蓄熱した蓄熱材を保管又は熱エネルギーが必要な場所に移送して利用する化学蓄熱反応器が開示されている。特許文献１には、化学蓄熱の具体例として、４００度を超える高温の廃熱を効率よく蓄熱するために、化学蓄熱材として水酸化カルシウム系蓄熱材を用いた系が記載されている。 For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a chemical heat storage reactor that stores heat in a heat storage material that stores heat energy from the outside, and stores the heat storage material or transfers the heat storage material to a place where heat energy is required for use. .. As a specific example of chemical heat storage, Patent Document 1 describes a system using a calcium hydroxide-based heat storage material as a chemical heat storage material in order to efficiently store waste heat at a high temperature exceeding 400 ° C.
このような蓄熱装置では、熱源から熱流体を介して蓄熱材に熱移動させ、蓄熱操作後、そのまま装置外へと熱放出される。しかしながら、蓄熱材を保持する容器から大気等への外部環境（常温部分）への熱放散による熱損失が起こる。特に、高温廃熱を蓄熱する場合、大気等への外部環境との温度差が大きいことから、熱放出による熱損失の影響が大きくなる。 In such a heat storage device, heat is transferred from a heat source to a heat storage material via a heat fluid, and after a heat storage operation, heat is released to the outside of the device as it is. However, heat loss occurs due to heat dissipation from the container holding the heat storage material to the external environment (normal temperature portion) to the atmosphere or the like. In particular, when high-temperature waste heat is stored, the effect of heat loss due to heat release becomes large because the temperature difference from the external environment to the atmosphere or the like is large.
そこで、本発明の課題は、蓄熱装置から外部環境への放熱を抑制し、より蓄熱効率を向上させることが可能な蓄熱装置を提供することにある。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat storage device capable of suppressing heat dissipation from the heat storage device to the external environment and further improving the heat storage efficiency.
上記の課題について鋭意検討した結果、蓄熱装置において、蓄熱操作を終えた熱流体を利用する保温部を設けることにより、蓄熱装置の蓄熱効率を向上させることができることを見出して、本発明を完成した。
すなわち、本発明は、以下の蓄熱装置である。
As a result of diligent studies on the above problems, it was found that the heat storage efficiency of the heat storage device can be improved by providing a heat insulating unit that uses the heat fluid that has finished the heat storage operation in the heat storage device, and completed the present invention. ..
That is, the present invention is the following heat storage device.
上記課題を解決するための本発明の蓄熱装置は、蓄熱材に対して熱を蓄熱する蓄熱装置であって、蓄熱材が収納される蓄熱材容器と、蓄熱材容器に対して熱流体を供給するための供給部と、蓄熱材容器から熱流体を排出するための排出部と、排出部と接続され、排出された熱流体によって蓄熱材容器を保温するための保温部とを備えることを特徴とするものである。 The heat storage device of the present invention for solving the above problems is a heat storage device that stores heat in a heat storage material, and supplies heat fluid to the heat storage material container in which the heat storage material is stored and the heat storage material container. It is characterized by having a supply unit for supplying heat, a discharge unit for discharging heat fluid from the heat storage material container, and a heat retention unit connected to the discharge unit and for keeping the heat storage material container warm by the discharged heat fluid. Is to be.
この蓄熱装置によれば、蓄熱材を収納した蓄熱材容器の外側に保温部を設け、保温部に熱交換後の熱流体を導入することで、追加の熱源を用いることなく、熱交換後の熱流体が有する熱エネルギーを用いて保温部の温度を上げることが可能となる。これにより、蓄熱材容器と大気等の外部環境の間に高温の層を設けることで、蓄熱材容器からの熱損失を大幅に抑制することが可能となる。 According to this heat storage device, a heat retaining unit is provided on the outside of the heat storage material container containing the heat storage material, and the heat fluid after heat exchange is introduced into the heat storage unit, so that the heat exchange can be performed without using an additional heat source. It is possible to raise the temperature of the heat insulating unit by using the heat energy of the thermal fluid. As a result, by providing a high-temperature layer between the heat storage material container and the external environment such as the atmosphere, it is possible to significantly suppress the heat loss from the heat storage material container.
更に、本発明の蓄熱装置の一実施態様としては、保温部は、蓄熱材容器の周囲を覆うジャケット状の部材であることを特徴とするものである。
この特徴によれば、比較的簡易な構造で蓄熱材容器からの熱損失を大幅に抑制することが可能となる。
Further, one embodiment of the heat storage device of the present invention is characterized in that the heat insulating portion is a jacket-shaped member that covers the periphery of the heat storage material container.
According to this feature, it is possible to significantly suppress the heat loss from the heat storage material container with a relatively simple structure.
更に、本発明の蓄熱装置の一実施態様としては、保温部は、蓄熱材容器の周囲を囲む流路であることを特徴とするものである。
この特徴によれば、熱流体を連続的に蓄熱材容器の周囲に導入することで、蓄熱材容器の温度維持効果を向上させ、蓄熱材容器からの熱損失を大幅に抑制することが可能となる。
Further, one embodiment of the heat storage device of the present invention is characterized in that the heat insulating unit is a flow path surrounding the periphery of the heat storage material container.
According to this feature, by continuously introducing the heat fluid around the heat storage material container, it is possible to improve the temperature maintenance effect of the heat storage material container and significantly suppress the heat loss from the heat storage material container. Become.
更に、本発明の蓄熱装置の一実施態様としては、保温部の温度は、蓄熱材の温度よりも低く、蓄熱装置の外部環境の温度よりも高く維持されることを特徴とするものである。
この特徴によれば、熱流体による蓄熱材への蓄熱効率を維持し、かつ蓄熱材の温度低下を抑制することができる。また、特に高温の蓄熱操作を行う際に、蓄熱材を収納する蓄熱材容器と保温部との温度差は、蓄熱材容器と大気等の外部環境との間の温度差よりもかなり小さくなることから、蓄熱材容器の温度低下を抑え、蓄熱材の熱損失を大幅に抑制することが可能となる。
Further, one embodiment of the heat storage device of the present invention is characterized in that the temperature of the heat retaining unit is maintained lower than the temperature of the heat storage material and higher than the temperature of the external environment of the heat storage device.
According to this feature, it is possible to maintain the heat storage efficiency of the heat storage material by the heat fluid and suppress the temperature decrease of the heat storage material. Further, especially when performing a high-temperature heat storage operation, the temperature difference between the heat storage material container for storing the heat storage material and the heat insulating unit is considerably smaller than the temperature difference between the heat storage material container and the external environment such as the atmosphere. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the temperature drop of the heat storage material container and significantly suppress the heat loss of the heat storage material.
本発明によると、蓄熱装置から外部環境への放熱を抑制し、より蓄熱効率を向上させることが可能な蓄熱装置を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a heat storage device capable of suppressing heat dissipation from the heat storage device to the external environment and further improving the heat storage efficiency.
以下、図面を参照しつつ本発明に係る好適な実施態様について詳細に説明する。
なお、実施態様に記載する蓄熱装置については、本発明に係る蓄熱装置を説明するために例示したにすぎず、これに限定されるものではない。
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
The heat storage device described in the embodiment is merely exemplified for explaining the heat storage device according to the present invention, and is not limited thereto.
本発明の蓄熱装置は、蓄熱材に対して熱を蓄熱する蓄熱装置に係るものである。このような蓄熱装置における蓄熱技術としては、物質の状態変化を伴わない温度差を利用した顕熱蓄熱、固体・液体・気体といった物質の相変化を利用した潜熱蓄熱、化学反応を利用した化学蓄熱が挙げられる。特に、物質の化学反応を利用した化学蓄熱は、顕熱蓄熱や潜熱蓄熱に比べて蓄熱密度が非常に大きく、化学反応前後の物質が安定であれば放熱ロスもほとんどなく、長期間の蓄熱において熱損失が生じないことが知られている。
なお、本実施態様における蓄熱装置としては化学蓄熱に係るものを例示しているが、これに限定されるものではなく、顕熱蓄熱や潜熱蓄熱に係るものであってもよい。
The heat storage device of the present invention relates to a heat storage device that stores heat in a heat storage material. As heat storage technology in such a heat storage device, visible heat storage using a temperature difference that does not accompany a change in the state of a substance, latent heat storage using a phase change of a substance such as a solid, liquid, or gas, and chemical heat storage using a chemical reaction. Can be mentioned. In particular, chemical heat storage using the chemical reaction of a substance has a much higher heat storage density than actual heat storage or latent heat storage, and if the substance before and after the chemical reaction is stable, there is almost no heat dissipation loss, and in long-term heat storage. It is known that no heat loss occurs.
Although the heat storage device in the present embodiment is exemplified by the one related to chemical heat storage, the heat storage device is not limited to this, and may be related to sensible heat storage or latent heat storage.
［蓄熱装置］
本発明の蓄熱装置は、蓄熱時には、蓄熱材を加熱して蓄熱生成物と生成流体に分離し、放熱時には、前記蓄熱生成物と反応流体を反応させて前記蓄熱材を生成する化学蓄熱装置であり、工場やごみ焼却場等から発生する廃熱を蓄熱材に貯蔵して、熱を必要とする熱需要地まで輸送が可能な装置である。
[Heat storage device]
The heat storage device of the present invention is a chemical heat storage device that heats a heat storage material to separate it into a heat storage product and a generated fluid at the time of heat storage, and reacts the heat storage product with the reaction fluid at the time of heat dissipation to generate the heat storage material. It is a device that can store waste heat generated from factories, waste incineration plants, etc. in a heat storage material and transport it to heat demand areas that require heat.
本発明の蓄熱装置の構成としては、蓄熱材と、蓄熱材が収容される蓄熱材容器と、前記蓄熱材容器に対して熱流体を供給するための供給部と、前記蓄熱材容器から熱流体を排出するための排出部と、前記排出部と接続され、排出された熱流体によって前記蓄熱材容器を保温するための保温部を備えている。 The configuration of the heat storage device of the present invention includes a heat storage material, a heat storage material container in which the heat storage material is housed, a supply unit for supplying the heat fluid to the heat storage material container, and a heat fluid from the heat storage material container. It is provided with a discharge unit for discharging the heat storage material and a heat retention unit connected to the discharge unit and for keeping the heat storage material container warm by the discharged heat fluid.
〔第一の実施態様〕
図１は、本発明の第一の実施態様の蓄熱装置１ａの構造を示す概略説明図である。この蓄熱装置１ａは、蓄熱材４と、蓄熱材４を保持する保持部材５と、蓄熱材４及び保持部材５を収納する蓄熱材容器２を備え、蓄熱材容器２の内部には蓄熱材４と熱交換を行う外部からの熱流体Ｆが通過する熱交換部３が設けられている。また、蓄熱材容器２には、熱流体Ｆを外部から供給する供給部７として流体供給口７１が設けられ、熱交換後の熱流体Ｆ′を外部に排出する排出部８として流体排出口８１が設けられている。更に、蓄熱材容器２の外側には、排出部８から排出された熱交換後の熱流体Ｆ′によって蓄熱材容器２を保温する保温部６が配設されている。
以下、各構成について詳細に説明する。
[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view showing the structure of the heat storage device 1a according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The heat storage device 1a includes a heat storage material 4, a holding member 5 for holding the heat storage material 4, and a heat storage material container 2 for storing the heat storage material 4 and the holding member 5, and the heat storage material 4 is inside the heat storage material container 2. A heat exchange unit 3 through which the heat fluid F from the outside that exchanges heat with the heat is passed is provided. Further, the heat storage material container 2 is provided with a fluid supply port 71 as a supply unit 7 for supplying the heat fluid F from the outside, and a fluid discharge port 81 as a discharge unit 8 for discharging the heat fluid F'after heat exchange to the outside. Is provided. Further, on the outside of the heat storage material container 2, a heat retention unit 6 for keeping the heat storage material container 2 warm by the heat fluid F'after heat exchange discharged from the discharge unit 8 is arranged.
Hereinafter, each configuration will be described in detail.
（蓄熱材）
蓄熱材４とは、加熱時に蓄熱生成物と生成流体に分離され、また、この逆の反応により熱を放出する化学物質である。例えば、蓄熱生成物と生成流体として、酸化カルシウム（ＣａＯ）と水蒸気（Ｈ２Ｏ）、塩化カルシウム（ＣａＣｌ２）と水蒸気（Ｈ２Ｏ）、臭化カルシウム（ＣａＢｒ２）と水蒸気（Ｈ２Ｏ）、ヨウ化カルシウム（ＣａＩ２）と水蒸気（Ｈ２Ｏ）、酸化マグネシウム（ＭｇＯ）と水蒸気（Ｈ２Ｏ）、塩化マグネシウム（ＭｇＣｌ２）と水蒸気（Ｈ２Ｏ）、塩化亜鉛（ＺｎＣｌ２）と水蒸気（Ｈ２Ｏ）、塩化ストロンチウム（ＳｒＣｌ２）とアンモニア（ＮＨ３）、臭化ストロンチウム（ＳｒＢｒ２）とアンモニア（ＮＨ３）、酸化カルシウム（ＣａＯ）と二酸化炭素（ＣＯ２）、酸化マグネシウム（ＭｇＯ）と二酸化炭素等（ＣＯ２）が挙げられる。取り扱いが容易であるという観点から、蓄熱材４は、生成流体及び反応流体として水蒸気を利用するものであることが好ましい。
また、本発明における蓄熱装置は、高温での化学蓄熱時に特に効果を発揮する構成であるため、本発明における蓄熱材４としては、高温での化学蓄熱が可能な蓄熱生成物と生成流体として、酸化カルシウムと水蒸気の組み合わせ（４００～５００度）や酸化マグネシウムと水蒸気の組み合わせ（３００～４００度）を用いることが好ましい。
(Heat storage material)
The heat storage material 4 is a chemical substance that is separated into a heat storage product and a product fluid during heating, and releases heat by the reverse reaction. For example, as heat storage products and generated fluids, calcium oxide (CaO) and water vapor (H 2 O), calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) and water vapor (H 2 O), calcium bromide (CaBr 2 ) and water vapor (H 2 O). ), Calcium iodide (CaI 2 ) and water vapor (H 2 O), magnesium oxide (Mg O) and water vapor (H 2 O), magnesium chloride (MgCl 2 ) and water vapor (H 2 O), zinc chloride (ZnCl 2 ) And water vapor (H 2 O), strontium chloride (SrCl 2 ) and ammonia (NH 3 ), strontium bromide (SrBr 2 ) and ammonia (NH 3 ), calcium oxide (CaO) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), magnesium oxide (MgO) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) can be mentioned. From the viewpoint of easy handling, it is preferable that the heat storage material 4 utilizes water vapor as the generated fluid and the reaction fluid.
Further, since the heat storage device in the present invention has a configuration that is particularly effective when chemically storing heat at a high temperature, the heat storage material 4 in the present invention is used as a heat storage product and a generated fluid capable of chemically storing heat at a high temperature. It is preferable to use a combination of calcium oxide and water vapor (400 to 500 degrees) or a combination of magnesium oxide and water vapor (300 to 400 degrees).
本発明における蓄熱材４の構造及び形状については、特に限定するものではなく、粉体、粉体を成形した成形体、または蓄熱材４を多孔質体に担持させたものであってもよい。 The structure and shape of the heat storage material 4 in the present invention are not particularly limited, and may be powder, a molded body obtained by molding the powder, or a material in which the heat storage material 4 is supported on a porous body.
蓄熱材４を保持する保持部材５の構造は、蓄熱材容器２内で蓄熱材４を保持し、かつ蓄熱材４と熱交換部３との間で熱交換を可能とする構造のものであれば、特に限定されない。図１には、１つの容器内に蓄熱材４を収納した構造を例示したが、これに限定されるものではなく、例えば、蓄熱材４を収納した箱状容器やトレイ状容器を複数積み重ねる構成としてもよい。
また、保持部材５の材質は、高温処理に耐えられるものであれば、特に限定されない。
The structure of the holding member 5 for holding the heat storage material 4 may be such that the heat storage material 4 is held in the heat storage material container 2 and heat exchange is possible between the heat storage material 4 and the heat exchange unit 3. However, it is not particularly limited. FIG. 1 illustrates a structure in which the heat storage material 4 is stored in one container, but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, a configuration in which a plurality of box-shaped containers or tray-shaped containers in which the heat storage material 4 is stored are stacked. May be.
Further, the material of the holding member 5 is not particularly limited as long as it can withstand high temperature treatment.
（蓄熱材容器）
蓄熱材容器２は、蓄熱材４を収納するための構成であり、密閉可能な構造物からなる。蓄熱材容器２には、内部に収納された蓄熱材４と外部との熱の伝達を行うための熱流体Ｆが通過する熱交換部３、該熱交換部３に外部からの熱流体Ｆを供給するための流体供給口７１、熱交換部３から熱交換後の流体Ｆ′を排出するための流体排出口８１を有する。なお、蓄熱材容器２は、耐圧性を有することが好ましい。これにより、蓄熱材容器２内を減圧し、蓄熱材４から発生する生成流体や蓄熱生成物と反応する反応流体の移動を容易にするとともに、蓄熱材容器２の蓄熱効果を高めることが可能となる。
また、蓄熱材容器２の形状は、特に限定されず、例えば箱状や筒型とすることが挙げられる。
(Heat storage material container)
The heat storage material container 2 is configured to store the heat storage material 4, and is composed of a sealable structure. The heat storage material container 2 has a heat exchange unit 3 through which a heat fluid F for transferring heat between the heat storage material 4 housed inside and the outside passes, and a heat fluid F from the outside is passed through the heat exchange unit 3. It has a fluid supply port 71 for supplying and a fluid discharge port 81 for discharging the fluid F'after heat exchange from the heat exchange unit 3. The heat storage material container 2 preferably has a pressure resistance. This makes it possible to reduce the pressure inside the heat storage material container 2 to facilitate the movement of the generated fluid generated from the heat storage material 4 and the reaction fluid that reacts with the heat storage product, and to enhance the heat storage effect of the heat storage material container 2. Become.
Further, the shape of the heat storage material container 2 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a box shape and a tubular shape.
熱交換部３は、保持部材５内部に収納された蓄熱材４と外部からの熱流体Ｆとの熱の伝達を行うことができれば、どのような形状のものでもよく、例えば、保持部材５の内部に蛇行して設置された熱交換チューブや、保持部材５に対する２重円筒型の内筒部などにより構成される。 The heat exchange unit 3 may have any shape as long as it can transfer heat between the heat storage material 4 housed inside the holding member 5 and the heat fluid F from the outside. For example, the holding member 5 may have a heat exchange unit 3. It is composed of a heat exchange tube meanderingly installed inside, a double cylindrical inner cylinder portion for the holding member 5, and the like.
流体供給口７１と流体排出口８１は、それぞれ蓄熱材容器２に対して異なる面に配置してもよいし、同一面に配置してもよい。例えば、図１に示すように、蓄熱材容器２の中心軸に沿って、蓄熱材容器２の下方部には流体供給口７１を設け、蓄熱材容器２の上方部には流体排出口８１を設ける構成としてもよい。また、蓄熱材容器２の同一面に流体供給口７１と流体排出口８１を設ける構成とし、熱流体の供給、排出を１つの面で行うものとしてもよい。 The fluid supply port 71 and the fluid discharge port 81 may be arranged on different surfaces with respect to the heat storage material container 2, or may be arranged on the same surface. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, a fluid supply port 71 is provided in the lower part of the heat storage material container 2 along the central axis of the heat storage material container 2, and a fluid discharge port 81 is provided in the upper part of the heat storage material container 2. It may be provided. Further, the fluid supply port 71 and the fluid discharge port 81 may be provided on the same surface of the heat storage material container 2, and the heat fluid may be supplied and discharged on one surface.
また、蓄熱材容器２には、蓄熱時に蓄熱材４から発生した生成流体を大気に放出するための大気開放口９、放熱時に蓄熱生成物と反応する反応流体を供給するための給気口１０を備えている。また、図１に示すように、大気開放口９と給気口１０は、後述する保温部６を貫通し、大気（外部環境）に連通するものである。なお、第一の実施態様の蓄熱装置１ａでは、大気開放口９と給気口１０は同一の通気口を使用しているが、別の位置に設けてもよい。 Further, the heat storage material container 2 has an air opening port 9 for discharging the generated fluid generated from the heat storage material 4 to the atmosphere during heat storage, and an air supply port 10 for supplying a reaction fluid that reacts with the heat storage product during heat dissipation. It is equipped with. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the atmosphere opening port 9 and the air supply port 10 penetrate the heat insulating portion 6 described later and communicate with the atmosphere (external environment). In the heat storage device 1a of the first embodiment, the atmosphere opening port 9 and the air supply port 10 use the same ventilation port, but they may be provided at different positions.
大気開放口９は、蓄熱時に開放され、蓄熱材４から発生した生成流体を蓄熱材容器２の外部に排出するための構成であるが、生成流体を凝集して回収する受液槽（不図示）を設ける構成としてもよい。該大気開放口９を有することにより、生成流体は外部に放出されるため、生成流体を凝集して回収する受液槽を設ける必要がなく、また、生成流体を熱供給地から熱需要地に輸送する必要もない。そのため、装置のコンパクト化、輸送コストの低下等の利点がある。 The atmosphere opening 9 is configured to be opened at the time of heat storage and to discharge the generated fluid generated from the heat storage material 4 to the outside of the heat storage material container 2, but the liquid receiving tank (not shown) that aggregates and recovers the generated fluid. ) May be provided. By having the atmosphere opening 9, the generated fluid is discharged to the outside, so that it is not necessary to provide a liquid receiving tank for agglomerating and collecting the generated fluid, and the generated fluid is transferred from the heat supply area to the heat demand area. There is no need to transport it. Therefore, there are advantages such as downsizing of the device and reduction of transportation cost.
給気口１０は、放熱時に開放され、反応流体を蓄熱材容器２に供給するための構成であり、放熱時には、反応流体を供給するための供給部（不図示）と連結する。 The air supply port 10 is opened at the time of heat dissipation and is configured to supply the reaction fluid to the heat storage material container 2, and is connected to a supply unit (not shown) for supplying the reaction fluid at the time of heat dissipation.
熱流体Ｆとしては、蓄熱材４に熱を供給することができる温度のものであればよく、気体や液体等の流体が好ましい。更に取り扱い性に優れるという観点から、気体を使用することが特に好ましい。 The thermal fluid F may be any temperature as long as it can supply heat to the heat storage material 4, and a fluid such as a gas or a liquid is preferable. Further, from the viewpoint of excellent handleability, it is particularly preferable to use a gas.
（保温部）
保温部６は、蓄熱材容器２から排出された熱流体Ｆ′を用いて蓄熱材容器２を保温するための構成であり、蓄熱材容器２の周囲を覆うように設けられるものである。
図１に示すように、保温部６は、蓄熱材容器２の排出部８と接続し、排出部８から排出される熱流体Ｆ′を導入するための空間を有するジャケット状の部材からなる排熱流体導入容器６１を備え、熱流体Ｆ′を外部に放出する放出口６２を備えている。
(Insulation section)
The heat insulating unit 6 is configured to heat the heat storage material container 2 by using the heat fluid F'discharged from the heat storage material container 2, and is provided so as to cover the periphery of the heat storage material container 2.
As shown in FIG. 1, the heat insulating unit 6 is connected to the discharge unit 8 of the heat storage material container 2 and is composed of a jacket-shaped member having a space for introducing the heat fluid F'discharged from the discharge unit 8. A hot fluid introduction container 61 is provided, and a discharge port 62 for discharging the hot fluid F'to the outside is provided.
排熱流体導入容器６１と排出部８の接続手段は、特に限定されない。例えば、流体排出口８１から排熱流体導入容器６１内に熱流体Ｆ′を直接排出する構成としてもよく、流体排出口８１にラインＬを設け、排熱流体導入容器６１内の任意の位置から熱流体Ｆ′が導入されるように構成するものであってもよい。 The means for connecting the waste heat fluid introduction container 61 and the discharge unit 8 is not particularly limited. For example, the hot fluid F'may be directly discharged from the fluid discharge port 81 into the exhaust heat fluid introduction container 61, and a line L may be provided at the fluid discharge port 81 from an arbitrary position in the exhaust heat fluid introduction container 61. It may be configured so that the thermal fluid F'is introduced.
蓄熱材容器２から排出される熱流体Ｆ′の温度は、熱交換前の熱流体Ｆの温度よりも低くなるが、蓄熱材４の温度よりは高く、さらに蓄熱装置１ａの外部環境（大気）より十分高い温度にある。したがって、この熱流体Ｆ′を保温部６に導入することで保温部６内を外部環境よりも高温とすることができる。これにより、蓄熱材容器２から大気等の外部環境への熱放出が抑制され、追加の熱源を用いることなく蓄熱材容器２内の蓄熱材４を高温に維持することが可能となる。特に、化学蓄熱においては反応速度の向上にも寄与することが可能となる。 The temperature of the heat fluid F'discharged from the heat storage material container 2 is lower than the temperature of the heat fluid F before heat exchange, but higher than the temperature of the heat storage material 4, and further, the external environment (atmosphere) of the heat storage device 1a. It is at a sufficiently higher temperature. Therefore, by introducing this thermal fluid F'into the heat insulating unit 6, the temperature inside the heat insulating unit 6 can be made higher than that in the external environment. As a result, heat release from the heat storage material container 2 to the external environment such as the atmosphere is suppressed, and the heat storage material 4 in the heat storage material container 2 can be maintained at a high temperature without using an additional heat source. In particular, in chemical heat storage, it is possible to contribute to the improvement of the reaction rate.
排熱流体導入容器６１の形状としては、蓄熱材容器２から排出された熱流体Ｆ′を導入する空間を有するものであればよく、特に制限されない。例えば、箱状や筒型であってもよく、蓄熱材容器２の形状に合わせたものとしてもよい。これにより、保温部６の機能を有するものとして、比較的簡易な構造を用いることが可能となる。 The shape of the waste heat fluid introduction container 61 is not particularly limited as long as it has a space for introducing the heat fluid F'discharged from the heat storage material container 2. For example, it may be box-shaped or tubular, or may be matched to the shape of the heat storage material container 2. This makes it possible to use a relatively simple structure as having the function of the heat insulating unit 6.
保温部６に設ける放出口６２の位置は、特に限定されない。例えば、排熱流体導入容器６１の側面又は底面に設けることとしてもよく、蓄熱材容器２の流体供給口７１と同一面に設けることとしてもよい。なお、放出口６２を蓄熱材容器２への流体供給口７１と同一面に設けた場合、蓄熱装置１ａ全体としての構造がコンパクトになるため、蓄熱装置１ａの設置箇所の選択肢を広げることが可能となる。また、放出口６２を排熱流体導入容器６１の側面下方部又は底部に設けた場合、熱流体Ｆとして液体を用いた際に、蓄熱装置１ａ内からの熱流体Ｆ′の排出が容易となる。 The position of the discharge port 62 provided in the heat insulating unit 6 is not particularly limited. For example, it may be provided on the side surface or the bottom surface of the waste heat fluid introduction container 61, or may be provided on the same surface as the fluid supply port 71 of the heat storage material container 2. When the discharge port 62 is provided on the same surface as the fluid supply port 71 to the heat storage material container 2, the structure of the heat storage device 1a as a whole becomes compact, so that the options for the installation location of the heat storage device 1a can be expanded. It becomes. Further, when the discharge port 62 is provided at the lower side surface or the bottom of the waste heat fluid introduction container 61, when a liquid is used as the heat fluid F, the heat fluid F'is easily discharged from the inside of the heat storage device 1a. ..
排熱流体導入容器６１の側面に、断熱材又は熱反射部材のような放熱抑制材６３を設けるものとしてもよい。また、放熱抑制材６３は、排熱流体導入容器６１の内側面あるいは外側面のいずれに設けてもよい。これにより、蓄熱装置１ａから外部への放熱をより一層抑制し、蓄熱効率を高めることが可能となる。
なお、断熱材としては、排熱流体導入容器６１内の熱を外部に放出させることを抑制する材質からなるものであれば、特に限定されない。例えば、発泡ポリエチレンや発泡スチロールなどの発泡樹脂、合成樹脂、無機材などが挙げられる。また、断熱材を用いる場合、排熱流体導入容器６１の外側面に設けることで、蓄熱装置１ａ全体を断熱材で覆うことができ、蓄熱装置１ａ全体の蓄熱効率を向上させることができる。
一方、熱反射部材としては、蓄熱材容器２から放出される輻射熱や排熱流体導入容器６１内の熱を反射可能な材質からなるものであれば、特に限定されない。このような材質は、例えば、金属としては、アルミニウム、鉄、銅、黄銅、銀、金、白金、ニッケル、ステンレス、クロム、タングステンなどが挙げられる。また、非金属としては、石英ガラス、アルミナセラミクス、マグネシアセラミクス、耐火レンガなどが挙げられる。また、熱反射部材を用いる場合、排熱流体導入容器６１の内側面に設けることで蓄熱材容器２から放出される熱の反射を効率よく行うことができ、蓄熱材容器２の熱損失を大幅に抑制することが可能となる。
A heat dissipation suppressing material 63 such as a heat insulating material or a heat reflecting member may be provided on the side surface of the waste heat fluid introduction container 61. Further, the heat dissipation suppressing material 63 may be provided on either the inner surface or the outer surface of the waste heat fluid introduction container 61. This makes it possible to further suppress heat dissipation from the heat storage device 1a to the outside and improve the heat storage efficiency.
The heat insulating material is not particularly limited as long as it is made of a material that suppresses the release of heat from the waste heat fluid introduction container 61 to the outside. Examples thereof include foamed resins such as foamed polyethylene and expanded polystyrene, synthetic resins, and inorganic materials. Further, when a heat insulating material is used, by providing the heat insulating material on the outer surface of the waste heat fluid introduction container 61, the entire heat storage device 1a can be covered with the heat insulating material, and the heat storage efficiency of the entire heat storage device 1a can be improved.
On the other hand, the heat reflecting member is not particularly limited as long as it is made of a material that can reflect the radiant heat released from the heat storage material container 2 and the heat in the waste heat fluid introduction container 61. Examples of such a material include aluminum, iron, copper, brass, silver, gold, platinum, nickel, stainless steel, chromium, tungsten and the like as metals. Examples of non-metals include quartz glass, alumina ceramics, magnesia ceramics, and refractory bricks. Further, when the heat reflecting member is used, the heat released from the heat storage material container 2 can be efficiently reflected by providing the heat reflecting member on the inner surface of the heat exhaust fluid introduction container 61, and the heat loss of the heat storage material container 2 can be significantly reduced. It is possible to suppress it.
以上のように、本実施態様における蓄熱装置１ａにおいては、蓄熱材４を収納した蓄熱材容器２の外側に設けた保温部６に、蓄熱材４と熱交換後の熱流体Ｆ′を導入することで、他の熱源を必要とすることなく、保温部６内の温度を高めることができる。このとき、大気等の外部環境温度をＴ０、蓄熱材容器２内の蓄熱材４の温度をＴ１、保温部６内の温度をＴ２とした場合、Ｔ０＜Ｔ２＜Ｔ１が成り立つことで、熱流体Ｆによる蓄熱材４への蓄熱効率を維持し、かつ蓄熱材４の温度低下を抑制することができる。特に、化学蓄熱のように蓄熱材４の温度Ｔ１が数百度となるような高温である場合、熱交換後の熱流体Ｆ′の温度も数百度を超えるため、保温部６の温度Ｔ２も１００度を超える高温となる。したがって、Ｔ０＜＜Ｔ２＜Ｔ１となる。これにより、蓄熱材４を収納した蓄熱材容器２と、蓄熱材容器２外側に備えた保温部６との温度差は、蓄熱材容器２と大気等の外部環境との間の温度差よりもかなり小さくなることから、蓄熱材容器２の温度低下を抑え、蓄熱材４の熱損失を大幅に抑制することが可能となる。 As described above, in the heat storage device 1a of the present embodiment, the heat storage material 4 and the heat fluid F'after heat exchange are introduced into the heat insulating portion 6 provided on the outside of the heat storage material container 2 containing the heat storage material 4. As a result, the temperature inside the heat insulating unit 6 can be increased without the need for another heat source. At this time, when the external environmental temperature such as the atmosphere is T0, the temperature of the heat storage material 4 in the heat storage material container 2 is T1, and the temperature in the heat retention unit 6 is T2, T0 <T2 <T1 holds, so that the thermal fluid is satisfied. It is possible to maintain the heat storage efficiency of the heat storage material 4 by F and suppress the temperature decrease of the heat storage material 4. In particular, when the temperature T1 of the heat storage material 4 is as high as several hundred degrees as in the case of chemical heat storage, the temperature of the heat fluid F'after heat exchange also exceeds several hundred degrees, so that the temperature T2 of the heat insulating unit 6 is also 100. It becomes a high temperature exceeding the degree. Therefore, T0 << T2 <T1. As a result, the temperature difference between the heat storage material container 2 containing the heat storage material 4 and the heat retaining unit 6 provided on the outside of the heat storage material container 2 is larger than the temperature difference between the heat storage material container 2 and the external environment such as the atmosphere. Since the size is considerably reduced, it is possible to suppress the temperature drop of the heat storage material container 2 and significantly suppress the heat loss of the heat storage material 4.
［蓄熱装置のその他の態様］
以下に、蓄熱装置の別の態様について例示する。
〔第二の実施態様〕
図２は、本発明の第二の実施態様の蓄熱装置１ｂの構造を示す概略説明図である。
この蓄熱装置１ｂは、第一の実施態様の蓄熱装置１ａにおいて、保温部６を蓄熱材容器２の周囲を囲む流路６４としたものである。ここで、流路６４は排出部８と直接接続されており、流路６４内に熱交換後の熱流体Ｆ′が導入される。なお、本実施態様における蓄熱装置１ｂの構成のうち、第一の実施態様における蓄熱装置１ａの構造と同じものについては説明を省略する。
この蓄熱装置１ｂによれば、保温部６内を熱交換後の熱流体Ｆ′が連続的に通過していくため、熱流体Ｆ′が有する熱エネルギーを効率的に蓄熱材容器２の温度維持に利用することが可能となる。
[Other aspects of heat storage device]
The following is an example of another aspect of the heat storage device.
[Second embodiment]
FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory view showing the structure of the heat storage device 1b according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
In the heat storage device 1a of the first embodiment, the heat storage device 1b has a heat insulating unit 6 as a flow path 64 surrounding the periphery of the heat storage material container 2. Here, the flow path 64 is directly connected to the discharge unit 8, and the heat fluid F'after heat exchange is introduced into the flow path 64. Of the configurations of the heat storage device 1b in the present embodiment, the same as the structure of the heat storage device 1a in the first embodiment will be omitted.
According to this heat storage device 1b, since the heat fluid F'after heat exchange continuously passes through the heat insulating unit 6, the heat energy of the heat fluid F'is efficiently maintained at the temperature of the heat storage material container 2. It will be possible to use it.
第二の実施態様の蓄熱装置１ｂにおける保温部６としての流路６４の具体的な構成の一例として、図２に示すように、蓄熱材容器２の周囲を螺旋状に囲む流路とする構成や、蓄熱材容器２の上方部から下方部に向けて直線状の流路を複数設ける構成などが挙げられる。
特に、本実施態様における保温部６としては、図２に示すような蓄熱材容器２の周囲を螺旋状に囲む流路とする構成とすることが好ましい。この構成とすることで、蓄熱材容器２と保温部６との接触面が広くなるため、保温部６による温度維持効果を高めることで、蓄熱材容器２内の蓄熱材４からの熱損失をより一層抑制することが可能となる。
As an example of a specific configuration of the flow path 64 as the heat retaining portion 6 in the heat storage device 1b of the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the flow path is a flow path that spirally surrounds the periphery of the heat storage material container 2. Further, a configuration in which a plurality of linear flow paths are provided from the upper portion to the lower portion of the heat storage material container 2 can be mentioned.
In particular, the heat insulating portion 6 in the present embodiment is preferably configured to have a flow path that spirally surrounds the periphery of the heat storage material container 2 as shown in FIG. With this configuration, the contact surface between the heat storage material container 2 and the heat storage unit 6 becomes wide, so by enhancing the temperature maintenance effect of the heat storage material container 6, the heat loss from the heat storage material 4 in the heat storage material container 2 can be reduced. It becomes possible to further suppress it.
〔第三の実施態様〕
図３は、本発明の第三の実施態様の蓄熱装置１ｃの構造を示す概略説明図である。
この蓄熱装置１ｃは、第一の実施態様の蓄熱装置１ａにおいて、複数の蓄熱材容器を備え、それぞれに蓄熱材を収納するものである。また、このとき、最も外側にある蓄熱材容器の周囲に保温部６を設けるものとする。図３には、本実施態様における蓄熱装置１ｃの一例として、複数の蓄熱材容器２ａ、２ｂを備え、それぞれに蓄熱材４ａ、４ｂを収納するものを示している。なお、本実施態様における蓄熱装置１ｃの構成のうち、第一の実施態様における蓄熱装置１ａの構造と同じものについては説明を省略する。
この蓄熱装置１ｃによれば、最も内側にある蓄熱材容器と大気等の外部環境との間に複数の温度帯からなる層が形成され、蓄熱材容器内の蓄熱材からの放熱による熱損失をより一層抑制することが可能となる。
[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory view showing the structure of the heat storage device 1c according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
The heat storage device 1c includes a plurality of heat storage material containers in the heat storage device 1a of the first embodiment, and stores the heat storage material in each of them. Further, at this time, the heat insulating portion 6 shall be provided around the outermost heat storage material container. FIG. 3 shows, as an example of the heat storage device 1c in the present embodiment, a plurality of heat storage material containers 2a and 2b, each of which houses the heat storage materials 4a and 4b. Of the configurations of the heat storage device 1c in the present embodiment, the same as the structure of the heat storage device 1a in the first embodiment will be omitted.
According to this heat storage device 1c, a layer consisting of a plurality of temperature zones is formed between the innermost heat storage material container and the external environment such as the atmosphere, and heat loss due to heat dissipation from the heat storage material in the heat storage material container is reduced. It becomes possible to further suppress it.
第三の実施態様における蓄熱装置１ｃにおける蓄熱材容器の具体的構造の例としては、図３に示すように、蓄熱材容器２ａの外側に蓄熱材容器２ｂを設け、蓄熱材容器２ｂの外側に保温部６を設けるものが挙げられる。また、蓄熱材容器２ａ内に収納された蓄熱材４ａと蓄熱材容器２ｂ内に収納された蓄熱材４ｂは、同一材質からなるものであってもよく、異なる材質からなるものであってもよいが、それぞれの蓄熱材の蓄熱可能な温度が異なるものとすることが好ましい。このとき、蓄熱装置１ｃにおいてより内側に配されている蓄熱材４ａのほうが蓄熱材４ｂよりも蓄熱可能な温度が高い材質からなることが好ましい。これにより、蓄熱装置１ｃの最内側にある蓄熱材４ａの温度を高く維持し、かつ蓄熱装置１ｃの外部環境に至るまでの熱損失を大幅に抑制することが可能となる。 As an example of the specific structure of the heat storage material container in the heat storage device 1c in the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the heat storage material container 2b is provided on the outside of the heat storage material container 2a, and the heat storage material container 2b is provided on the outside of the heat storage material container 2b. An example is provided with a heat retaining unit 6. Further, the heat storage material 4a stored in the heat storage material container 2a and the heat storage material 4b stored in the heat storage material container 2b may be made of the same material or may be made of different materials. However, it is preferable that the heat storage temperature of each heat storage material is different. At this time, it is preferable that the heat storage material 4a arranged inside the heat storage device 1c is made of a material having a higher heat storage temperature than the heat storage material 4b. This makes it possible to maintain a high temperature of the heat storage material 4a on the innermost side of the heat storage device 1c and to significantly suppress the heat loss up to the external environment of the heat storage device 1c.
なお、上述した実施態様は蓄熱装置の一例を示すものである。本発明に係る蓄熱装置は、上述した実施態様に限られるものではなく、請求項に記載した要旨を変更しない範囲で、上述した実施態様に係る蓄熱装置を変形してもよい。 The above-described embodiment shows an example of the heat storage device. The heat storage device according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the heat storage device according to the above-described embodiment may be modified without changing the gist described in the claims.
例えば、本実施態様における蓄熱装置において、保温部だけではなく、蓄熱材容器内においても、断熱材や熱反射部材などの放熱抑制材を設けることとしてもよい。これにより、蓄熱材容器自体の熱損失を抑制することで、保温部による温度維持効果をより一層高めることができ、蓄熱装置全体としての熱損失を大幅に抑制することが可能となる。 For example, in the heat storage device of the present embodiment, a heat dissipation suppressing material such as a heat insulating material or a heat reflecting member may be provided not only in the heat insulating portion but also in the heat storage material container. As a result, by suppressing the heat loss of the heat storage material container itself, the temperature maintenance effect of the heat insulating unit can be further enhanced, and the heat loss of the heat storage device as a whole can be significantly suppressed.
また、例えば、本実施態様における蓄熱装置において、複数の保温部を設け、段階的に保温部の温度を下げていくような構成とするものであってもよい。これにより、蓄熱材容器と大気等の外部環境との間に複数の温度帯の層を形成し、蓄熱材容器内の蓄熱材の熱損失を抑制することが可能となる。 Further, for example, the heat storage device according to the present embodiment may be configured to provide a plurality of heat insulating portions and gradually lower the temperature of the heat insulating portions. This makes it possible to form layers in a plurality of temperature zones between the heat storage material container and the external environment such as the atmosphere, and suppress the heat loss of the heat storage material in the heat storage material container.
本発明の蓄熱装置は、工場やごみ焼却場等から発生する廃熱の有効利用することに用いられる。例えば、廃熱が発生する熱供給地において本発明の蓄熱装置を蓄熱し、熱が必要な熱需要地に蓄熱装置を輸送して放熱することに利用する。また、昼に蓄熱して、夜に放熱するというように、同一の設置場所において、廃熱が発生する時間帯に蓄熱して、熱が要求される時間帯に放熱することに利用することもできる。 The heat storage device of the present invention is used for effectively utilizing waste heat generated from a factory, a waste incinerator, or the like. For example, the heat storage device of the present invention is stored in a heat supply area where waste heat is generated, and the heat storage device is transported to a heat demand area where heat is required to be used for heat dissipation. It can also be used to store heat in the same installation location during the time when waste heat is generated and dissipate heat during the time when heat is required, such as storing heat in the daytime and dissipating heat at night. can.
１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃ…蓄熱装置、２，２ａ，２ｂ…蓄熱材容器、３…熱交換部、４，４ａ，４ｂ…蓄熱材、５…保持部材、６…保温部、６１…排熱流体導入容器、６２…放出口、６３…放熱抑制材、６４…流路、７…供給部、７１…流体供給口、８…排出部、８１…流体排出口、９…大気開放口、１０…給気口、Ｆ…熱流体、Ｆ′…熱交換後の熱流体、Ｌ…ライン
1a, 1b, 1c ... Heat storage device, 2,2a, 2b ... Heat storage material container, 3 ... Heat exchange part, 4,4a, 4b ... Heat storage material, 5 ... Holding member, 6 ... Heat retention part, 61 ... Heat exhaust fluid introduction Container, 62 ... Discharge port, 63 ... Heat dissipation inhibitor, 64 ... Flow path, 7 ... Supply section, 71 ... Fluid supply port, 8 ... Discharge section, 81 ... Fluid discharge port, 9 ... Air opening port, 10 ... Air supply Mouth, F ... thermal fluid, F'... thermal fluid after heat exchange, L ... line
Claims (4)
蓄熱材が収納される蓄熱材容器と、
前記蓄熱材容器に対して熱流体を供給するための供給部と、
前記蓄熱材容器から熱流体を排出するための排出部と、
前記排出部と接続され、排出された熱流体によって前記蓄熱材容器を保温するための保温部と、を備えることを特徴とする、蓄熱装置。 A heat storage device that stores heat in a heat storage material.
The heat storage material container that stores the heat storage material and
A supply unit for supplying a thermal fluid to the heat storage material container,
A discharge unit for discharging the heat fluid from the heat storage material container,
A heat storage device including a heat retaining unit connected to the discharging unit and for retaining heat of the heat storage material container by the discharged heat fluid.
The heat storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the temperature of the heat retaining unit is maintained lower than the temperature of the heat storage material and higher than the temperature of the external environment of the heat storage device. ..
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| JP2017219234A (en) | 2016-06-06 | 2017-12-14 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Heat storage container and heat storage device including heat storage container |
| WO2018051951A1 (en) | 2016-09-13 | 2018-03-22 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | Heat storage device, heat dissipation system, and usage method for heat dissipation system |
| JP2018105602A (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2018-07-05 | 日本ペイントホールディングス株式会社 | Heat accumulation/radiation device |
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| JP2017219234A (en) | 2016-06-06 | 2017-12-14 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Heat storage container and heat storage device including heat storage container |
| WO2018051951A1 (en) | 2016-09-13 | 2018-03-22 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | Heat storage device, heat dissipation system, and usage method for heat dissipation system |
| JP2018105602A (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2018-07-05 | 日本ペイントホールディングス株式会社 | Heat accumulation/radiation device |
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