JP6990405B2 - Plant information creation system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention optimizes the amount of fertilizer, pesticide, etc. to be sprayed on plants in a predetermined region, and the seeding density in the predetermined region from image data such as satellite photographs, photographs taken from drones, and aerial photographs. Regarding the plant information creation system that creates plant information for.

In agriculture, in order to grow high-quality, stable and high-yielding crops, for example, it is necessary to properly manage the seeding density according to the topdressing timing and topdressing amount, pesticide application timing and pesticide amount, and soil fertility. be. For that purpose, it is necessary to grasp the current state of the plant and perform topdressing, pesticide spraying, and sowing work using agricultural machinery according to the state.

As a method of grasping the state of such a plant, the first step of recognizing the growth state of the crop variety in the controlled field based on the wavelength component of the satellite image data obtained by photographing the area including the controlled field, and the crop variety. From the database that stores the work conditions and work contents according to the growth state of the crop, it is searched whether the work conditions corresponding to the growth state of the crop varieties recognized in the first step are stored, and if it is stored, it is stored. , The second step of reading out the work contents stored in association with the work conditions and outputting the work contents for each managed field is executed, and a field management support method for supporting the agricultural work in the managed field is proposed. (See Patent Document 1).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2007-310463

However, since the above-mentioned field management support method does not consider the shape of the field, there is a problem that the state of the plant at the edge of the field cannot be accurately grasped. Further, since the actual moving direction of the farm equipment in the field is not taken into consideration, there is a problem that the state of the plant in the place along the moving direction of the farm equipment cannot be accurately grasped.

Specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, when the farm equipment performs topdressing while moving in the V direction in the diamond-shaped farmland S at the coordinates of longitude (X axis) and latitude (Y axis). It is necessary to calculate the appropriate amount of fertilizer according to the condition of the plants in the division (grid) where the agricultural equipment is present.

For example, when calculating the amount of fertilizer to be applied to the grid G1 surrounded by points R1, R2, R3 and R4, in the conventional method, it is calculated from the data showing the state of the plants in the grid G1. Become.

On the other hand, the amount of fertilizer to be sprayed on the grid G2 surrounded by points r1, r2, r3, and r4 has a position (distance / direction) relative to points R1, R2, R3, and R4 with respect to agricultural machinery. It will be calculated from the data showing the state of the plants in the grid G2 surrounded by different points r1, r2, r3, r4. That is, since the state of the plant in each division (grid) is calculated using the data showing the state of the plant in the grid whose relative position (distance / direction) is different from that of the farm tool, the farm tool It is not possible to accurately calculate the state of plants in the division along the direction of movement. As a result, there is a problem that it is not possible to accurately calculate an appropriate amount of fertilizer, pesticide, etc. to be sprayed along the moving direction of the farm equipment.

In addition, the conventional method does not consider the spraying width of farm tools such as fertilizers (distance from farm tools that can spray fertilizers), so when calculating the amount of fertilizers and pesticides to be sprayed, it depends on the setting. Also considered the condition of the plant at a distance (area) where fertilizer etc. could not be sprayed from the farm tool. As a result, there is a problem that the amount of fertilizer, pesticide, etc. to be sprayed in each category cannot be calculated accurately.

In particular, the information on the state of plants obtained from data such as conventional satellite images has only a resolution (resolution) of about the size (width) of agricultural machinery such as fertilizers, and in the first place, the information on plants included in the above-mentioned categories. There was no idea to consider the amount of fertilizers and pesticides to be sprayed according to the condition, or to examine the sowing density according to the soil fertility.

As a result of diligent research and development on the above-mentioned problems, the inventor of the present invention has found the following epoch-making plant information creation system.

The first aspect of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is based on the first plant position information data indicating the position of a plant within a predetermined region at coordinate 1 and the plant state information data relating to the state of the plant. It is a plant information creation system that creates input data for agricultural machinery that is input to agricultural machinery, etc., and is a coordinate conversion that converts the first plant position information data into the second plant position information data indicating the position of the plant at coordinate 2. Using the means and the second plant position information data, the predetermined area is divided into predetermined divisions at the coordinate 2, and the division data creating means for creating the second division data indicating the position of the division, and the plant state. An average plant state calculation means for calculating a second plant average state data indicating the average state of plants in the second section from the information data and the second section data, and the second section data and the second section data. Inverse coordinate conversion means for converting the plant average state data of 2 into the first division data indicating the position of a predetermined division at coordinate 1 and the first plant average state data indicating the average state of the plants in the division. And, the input data for agricultural machinery is in a plant information creation system characterized by including at least a first division data and a first plant average state data.

Here, the "agricultural equipment" refers to machinery / equipment for agriculture, and is not particularly limited, but the position of the agricultural equipment can be measured like GPS (Global Positioning System) and the like, and the agricultural equipment is sprayed according to the measured position. Those having a function of controlling the amount of fertilizer, the amount of pesticide, and the amount of sowing are preferable.

In such one aspect, since the shape of a predetermined area such as a farm can be taken into consideration, the plant average state data of each category can be calculated more accurately. As a result, it is possible to accurately calculate the appropriate amount of fertilizer, pesticide, etc. to be sprayed in each category, and the seeding amount from the next year onward.

A second aspect of the present invention is in the plant information creation system according to the first aspect, wherein the coordinates 2 are composed of a traveling direction of the farming equipment and a direction orthogonal to the traveling direction of the farming equipment. ..

In such a second aspect, the plant average state data of each category along the traveling direction of the agricultural machinery can be accurately calculated. As a result, the plant average state data can be utilized according to the actual farm work (movement and operation of farm equipment).

That is, in the conventional method, since the state of the plant in each category was detected (calculated) regardless of the actual farming work, it was not possible to achieve the matching with the actual farming work, but in this embodiment, the matching is achieved. Can be planned.

For example, in actual farm work, it is necessary to work according to the spacing of ridges, the spacing of stocks, etc., but since the moving direction of farm equipment and the direction of ridges are different, these should be taken into consideration in the conventional method. I couldn't. However, according to this aspect, since the moving direction of the farm equipment and the direction of the ridges can be matched, the actual farming work can be performed according to the spacing of the ridges, the spacing of the stocks, and the like.

In addition, since the spacing between ridges and strains does not change every year, the obtained average plant status data is accumulated and analyzed to detect abnormalities in the growth status of plants and to be used as soil fertility data. can do.

A third aspect of the present invention is in the plant information creation system according to the first or second aspect, wherein the shape of the predetermined section is a rectangle having a predetermined width.

In such a third aspect, the plant average state data of each category can be calculated more accurately.

A fourth aspect of the present invention is the plant according to the third aspect, wherein the predetermined width is in the range of 0.1 to 1.1 times the distance at which fertilizers, pesticides and the like can be sprayed. It is in the information creation system.

Here, the "distance at which the farm tool can spray fertilizer, pesticide, etc." may be the distance at which the farm tool can actually be operated and the fertilizer, pesticide, etc. can be actually sprayed, or in the instruction manual of the farm tool specified by the farm tool manufacturer. Those described may be used.

In the fourth aspect, since the classification can be determined in consideration of the distance at which the farm tool can spray fertilizer, pesticide, etc., the plant average state data of each classification can be calculated more accurately.

A fifth aspect of the present invention is in the plant information creation system according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, which is connected to an external terminal via a network.

In the fifth aspect, the first plant position information data can be easily specified, and the plant average state data of each category can be easily grasped.

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a plant information creation system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the operation of the plant information creation system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a photograph showing the division of the first embodiment at the coordinates 1. FIG. 4 is a photograph showing the division of the first embodiment at the coordinates 2. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the amount of fertilizer to be applied to the categories shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an example of classification by a conventional method.

An embodiment of the plant information creation system according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
(Embodiment 1)

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a plant information creation system according to this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the plant information creation system 1 according to the present embodiment is composed of a cloud server 50 and an external terminal 100 connected to the cloud server 50 via a network 80, and is composed of an external terminal via the network 80. Based on the information input from 100, the cloud server 50 uses the first plant position information data indicating the position of the plant in the predetermined region at the coordinate 1 and the plant state information data indicating the state of the plant into the farm equipment. It is possible to create input data for agricultural machinery to be input.

First, the cloud server 50 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the cloud server 50 includes a coordinate conversion means 10, a division data creating means 20, an average plant state calculation means 30, and a coordinate inverse conversion means 40.

Here, the coordinates 1 are not particularly limited as long as they are coordinates that can specify the position of the plant. The coordinate 1 may be, for example, a geographic coordinate expressed by latitude and longitude, a Cartesian coordinate or a plane coordinate (Cartesian coordinate), and in the plane coordinate, one axis (horizontal axis or the like) and the other axis (vertical). Coordinates that do not intersect at right angles (axis, etc.) may be used, but coordinates where one axis and the other axis intersect at right angles make it easier to use the obtained input data for agricultural equipment. It is preferable because it can be operated.

Further, the predetermined area indicates agricultural land or the like, and the shape, size, or the like is not particularly limited as long as it is an area that can be specified in coordinate 1.

Further, the first plant position information is not particularly limited as long as the position of the plant can be specified at the coordinate 1, for example, when the first coordinate is a geographic coordinate (ignoring the altitude), the latitude. And the longitude.

The plant state information data is not particularly limited as long as it is information indicating the state of the plant, for example, a normalized difference vegetation index (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) calculated based on data acquired by an artificial satellite, a drone, an airplane, or the like. Specific vegetation index (Ratio Vegetation Index), differential vegetation index (Deference Vegetation Index), soil-adjusted vegetation index (Soil Adjusted Difference Vegetation Index), atmospheric-corrected vegetation index (Atmosphericaly Vegetation Index), etc. Can be mentioned.

The coordinate conversion means 10 is not particularly limited as long as it can convert the first plant position information data into the second plant position information data at the coordinates 2. Examples of the coordinate transforming means 10 include a program having such a function.

Specifically, for example, when the first plant position information data is represented by longitude / latitude (ignoring altitude), the plant at coordinates (coordinates 2) rotated by a predetermined angle around a certain position. A program that converts to position data (second plant position information data) and plant position information data (second plant) in orthogonal coordinates (coordinates 2) that match the first plant position information data to one side of a predetermined area. A program or the like for converting to (position information data) can be mentioned.

Here, the coordinate 2 is not particularly limited as long as it is a coordinate that can specify the position of the plant as in the coordinate 1. The coordinate 2 may be, for example, a geographic coordinate expressed by latitude and longitude, a Cartesian coordinate or a plane coordinate (Cartesian coordinate), but a coordinate consisting of a moving direction of the farm equipment and a direction orthogonal to the moving direction is preferable. By setting the coordinates 2 in this way, it is possible to more accurately calculate the second plant average state data of each category, which will be described later, along the traveling direction of the farm equipment.

Further, the second plant position information data is not particularly limited as long as it can specify the position of the plant at the coordinate 2 like the first plant position information data, and is not particularly limited, for example, on the X-axis and the Y-axis. If it is the represented plane coordinates (Cartesian coordinates), it will be the position (location) specified by these coordinates.

The plant state information data is associated with the second plant position information data even after the coordinate conversion, and can be extracted based on the second plant position information data at the coordinates 2. ..

The division data creating means 20 is not particularly limited as long as it can divide the above-mentioned predetermined area in the second coordinates into predetermined divisions and create the second division data indicating the position of the division. For example, a program having such a function can be mentioned.

Here, the size, shape, and the like of the predetermined division are not particularly limited, and the format of the second division data is not particularly limited as long as the division can be specified.

As a predetermined division, for example, a predetermined area in Cartesian coordinates is divided into a square or a rectangle surrounded by four line segments parallel to the X-axis and the Y-axis with a predetermined width (length) L. And so on. Then, as the second division data in this case, for example, each division data is composed of four second plant position information data indicating the positions of each corner of a square or a rectangle.

Here, the predetermined width L is not particularly limited, but the distance at which the farm tool can spray the fertilizer, the pesticide, etc. is 0.1 to 1 so that the amount of the fertilizer, the pesticide, etc. can be accurately sprayed to each category. It is desirable to be in the range of 1. times, more preferably in the range of 0.9 to 1.1 times, and particularly desirable to be in the range of 1 times.

The data related to the predetermined division (for example, width L or the like) may be predetermined or may be input from the external terminal 100 each time.

The average plant state calculation means 30 is particularly limited as long as it can calculate the second plant average state data indicating the average state of the plants in each category from the second division data and the plant state information data. However, for example, a program having such a function can be mentioned.

Here, the second plant average state data in the section is not particularly limited as long as it is data indicating the average state of the plant, for example, the area average after curved surface interpolation of the plant state information data of the plants in the section. It may be calculated by a method, a simple arithmetic mean (arithmetic mean), a median value, a mode value, or the like. Then, since the actual ground condition can be reflected as the second plant average state data, the least squares method or the like can be obtained from the second plant position information data (considering the altitude) and the plant state information data. The one with curved surface interpolation using is most preferable.

The coordinate inverse conversion means 40 uses the second division data and the second plant average state data as the first division data at coordinate 1 and the first plant average state indicating the average state of the plants in the division. It is not particularly limited as long as it can be converted into data, and examples thereof include a program having such a function.

The first division data is the division data when the second division data is converted into the coordinates 1. For example, as described above, when the coordinates 1 and 2 are both orthogonal coordinates and the second division data is a square, the first division data is the data indicating the division of the square also in the first coordinate. Become. Examples of the first division data include data in which each division data is composed of four first plant position information data indicating the positions of each corner of a square.

The cloud server 50 is not particularly limited as long as it has the above functions, and may be, for example, a commercially available computer such as a personal computer.

Next, the network 80 is not particularly limited as long as it can connect the cloud server 50 and the external terminal 100, including wired and wireless, and examples thereof include the Internet and an intranet.

The external terminal 100 is not particularly limited as long as it can exchange data with the cloud server 50 via the network 80, and examples thereof include personal computers, smartphones, and tablet terminals.

By configuring the plant information creation system 1 in this way, the shape of a predetermined area such as a farm and the traveling direction of the farming tool can be taken into consideration, so that the plant average state data of each category can be obtained along the traveling direction of the farming tool. It can be calculated more accurately. As a result, it is possible to accurately calculate the optimum amount of fertilizer, pesticide, sowing, etc. to be sprayed along the traveling direction of the farm equipment.

Next, the operation of the plant information creation system 1 according to the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the operation of the plant information creation system 1 according to the present embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 2, first, the first plant position information data is input to the plant information creation system 1 based on the data input by the external terminal 100 (S1). Then, the first plant position information data is converted into the second plant position information data by the coordinate conversion means 10 (S2). The converted second plant position information data is divided by the division data creating means 20, and the second division data is created (S3).

Next, the second plant average state data is calculated by the average plant state calculation means 30 from the second division data and the plant state information data (S4). Then, the coordinate inverse conversion means 40 converts the second division data and the second plant average state data into the first division data and the first plant average state data (S5). Then, input data for agricultural machinery including at least the first division data and the first plant average state data is finally created (S6).

The first plant position information data and plant state information data may be stored in the external terminal 100 or may be stored in advance in the cloud server 50. When stored in the cloud server 50 in advance, the first plant position information data and the plant state information data are called based on the data input from the external terminal 100, and the steps after S2 are performed.

As described above, according to the plant information creation system 1 according to the present embodiment, the input for agricultural equipment including at least the first division data and the first plant average state data divided along the moving direction of the agricultural equipment. Data can be easily created. As a result, the farm equipment into which the input data for the farm equipment is input sprays an appropriate amount of fertilizer, pesticide, etc. to each category classified along the moving direction of the farm equipment based on the input data for the farm equipment. It is possible to sow seeds at a sowing density according to the soil fertilizer.
(Example 1)

In order to confirm the effect of the present invention, the fertilizer to be sown in a certain field was calculated. FIG. 3 shows a photograph of a field obtained from a satellite photograph in which a division (grid) consisting of latitude and longitude is set.

As can be seen from this figure, this division does not consider the shape of the field or the direction of travel of the farm equipment. Therefore, even if data showing the average state of plants in each category is calculated, agricultural tools do not move along this category, so appropriate amounts of fertilizers, pesticides, etc. should be applied to the plants included in this category. Cannot be sprayed.

Next, FIG. 4 is obtained by converting the coordinates into consideration of the shape of the field and the traveling direction of the farm equipment by the coordinate conversion means, and setting the division (considering the width and the like) along the coordinates.

As can be seen from this figure, the axes of the coordinates are set according to the sides (upper and right) of the field. It can also be seen that the farm tools can be moved along this axis.

Then, the first plant average state data in each category shown in FIG. 4 is calculated, and FIG. 5 shows a diagram showing the amount of fertilizer calculated based on the data. In this figure, it is shown that the amount of top dressing increases as the color becomes darker.

As can be seen from FIG. 5, it can be seen that the amount of fertilizer to be sprayed in each category is calculated along the moving direction d of the farm equipment.

As described above, according to the present invention, it was found that the optimum amount of fertilizer, pesticide, etc. to be sprayed along the traveling direction d of the agricultural machinery can be accurately calculated.
(Embodiment 2)

In the first embodiment, the first plant position information data is converted into the second plant position information data by using the coordinate conversion means, but at this time, the plant state information data is converted into the second plant position information data. It may be associated or converted together with the first plant position information data by using a coordinate conversion means.

That is, the plant state information data may be managed together with the second plant position information data, or after the plant state information data is converted into data having another name, the data is combined with the second plant position information data. You may manage it.

Needless to say, even if the plant information creation system is configured in this way, the same effect as that of the plant information creation system according to the first embodiment can be obtained.
(Other embodiments)

Further, in the first embodiment, the plant information creation system is configured so that one cloud server (electronic computer) includes a coordinate conversion means, a division data creation means, an average plant state calculation means, and a coordinate inverse conversion means. The present invention is not limited to this. The plant information creation system may be composed of a plurality of electronic computers, and those computers may be equipped with one or more of the above-mentioned means. Even with this configuration, the same effect as the plant information creation system according to the first embodiment can be obtained.

1 Plant information creation system 10 Coordinate conversion means 20 Classification data creation means 30 Average plant state calculation means 40 Coordinate inverse conversion means 50 Cloud server

Claims (5)

Plant information that creates input data for agricultural machinery to be input to agricultural machinery, etc. from the first plant position information data indicating the position of a plant within a predetermined area at coordinate 1 and the plant state information data relating to the state of the plant. It's a creation system
A coordinate conversion means for converting the first plant position information data into a second plant position information data indicating the position of the plant at coordinate 2.
Using the second plant position information data, the predetermined area is divided into predetermined sections at coordinates 2, and a section data creating means for creating a second section data indicating the position of the section is used.
An average plant state calculation means for calculating a second plant average state data indicating the average state of plants in the second category from the plant state information data and the second category data.
The second division data and the second plant average state data, the first division data indicating the position of the predetermined division at the coordinates 1, and the first indicating the average state of the plants in the division. It is equipped with a coordinate inverse conversion means for converting the plant average state data of the plant.
The plant information creation system, wherein the input data for agricultural machinery includes a first division data and a first plant average state data. The plant information creation system according to claim 1, wherein the coordinates 2 are composed of a traveling direction of the farm equipment and a direction orthogonal to the traveling direction of the farm equipment. The plant information creation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the shape of the predetermined division is a rectangle having a predetermined width. The plant information creation system according to claim 3, wherein the predetermined width is in a range of 0.1 to 1.1 times the distance at which the agricultural tool can spray fertilizer, pesticide, or the like. The plant information creation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the system is connected to an external terminal via a network.

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