JP6985813B2 - Storage battery operation device and storage battery operation method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a storage battery operating device and a storage battery operating method using a storage battery such as a backup storage battery.

The current society is called a digitalized society, and various information converted into digital data is exchanged between terminal devices via a network. In such a society, the ability (availability) to maintain a usable state of a system or the like even if the original power supply is lost due to a power outage or the like is required, and the amount of backup storage batteries introduced is increasing. In such a trend, there is a movement to utilize the surplus capacity of storage batteries with low operating rates. Not only information and communication equipment such as computers, but also various objects existing in the world have communication functions, and by connecting to the Internet and communicating with each other, automatic recognition, automatic control, remote measurement, etc. are performed. The IoT (Internet of Things) has made it possible to obtain various information that changes from moment to moment.

For example, Patent Document 1 describes a technique for stabilizing the supply and demand of electric power by using a power storage device provided in a predetermined facility that is always in operation. The technique described in Patent Document 1 discharges the power storage device ESS43 when the difference (WE-WP) between the predicted power demand WE and the power supply amount WP is a predetermined threshold value Th1 or more, and discharges the power storage device ESS43 when the threshold value is less than Th2. Control to charge (see paragraphs [0076] to [0079]).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-63548

Generally, the backup storage battery is installed by determining the capacity from the maximum value of the stored storage amount required at each time. However, the amount of electricity stored at each time of day changes from moment to moment depending on various conditions. That is, the technique described in Patent Document 1 does not correspond to the change in the surplus capacity of the storage battery with time, and even if it is actually larger than the initially estimated surplus capacity, it cannot be utilized.

From the above situation, there has been a demand for a method of accurately estimating the storage battery remaining capacity (dischargeable amount) that can be used for other uses of the backup storage battery and increasing the usable amount for other uses.

The storage battery operating device of one aspect of the present invention predicts the power failure recovery time for each time of the first power supply destination for each storage battery from the monitoring data obtained by monitoring the situation changing with the passage of time. The required storage amount calculation unit that calculates the required storage amount for each time of each storage battery from the demand forecast value for each time of the first power supply destination for each storage battery, and the first power supply for each storage battery from the required storage amount It is provided with a dischargeable amount calculation unit for calculating the dischargeable amount for each time other than the destination.

According to at least one aspect of the present invention, since the dischargeable amount (storage battery remaining capacity) of the storage battery, which changes from moment to moment, can be estimated with high accuracy, a large storage battery remaining capacity can be obtained. Therefore, for example, the range of utilization for demand response and peak shift is expanded.
Issues, configurations and effects other than those described above will be clarified by the following description of the embodiments.

It is an overall block diagram which shows the outline of the storage battery operation system including the storage battery operation apparatus in 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the internal structure example of the virtual battery dischargeable amount calculation part which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the internal structure example of the power failure recovery time prediction part which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the business model which used the storage battery operation apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the system configuration example for carrying out the storage battery operation shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. It is a graph which shows an example of the dischargeable amount (required storage amount) for every time calculated by the virtual battery dischargeable amount calculation unit which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. 6 is a graph showing an example of a storage battery charge / discharge plan calculated by the storage battery charge / discharge plan formulation unit based on the dischargeable amount (remaining capacity) of the storage battery in FIG. 6 at each time. It is a block diagram which shows the hardware composition example of the computer provided in each apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, examples of embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the attached drawings, the components having substantially the same function or configuration are designated by the same reference numerals and duplicated description will be omitted. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings show specific embodiments and implementation examples based on the principles of the present invention, but these are for the purpose of understanding the present invention, and in order to never interpret the present invention in a limited manner. Not used.

<1. First Embodiment>
[System including storage battery operation device]
FIG. 1 shows an outline of a storage battery operation system including a storage battery operation device in the first embodiment of the present invention. The storage battery operation system 1 includes storage batteries 301-1 and 301-2 owned by storage battery owners 211-1 and 201-2, a storage battery operating device 100, and electrical equipment owned by storage battery users 401-1 and 401-2. It is composed of 4114102.

In this specification, when the storage battery owners 201-1 and 201-2 are not distinguished, they are referred to as "storage battery owner 201", and when the storage battery users 401-1 and 401-2 are not distinguished. Is referred to as "storage battery user 401". Similarly, the electrical device 4114102 is referred to as "electrical device 410", and the terminal devices 420-1 and 420-2 are referred to as "terminal device 420".

FIG. 1 shows an example in the case of two storage battery owners 201 (storage battery 301) and two storage battery users 401 (electrical equipment 410), but the storage battery owner 201 (storage battery 301) and the storage battery user 401 (Electrical equipment 410) is not limited to this number.

The storage battery owner 201 owns the storage battery 301 for the original purpose such as backup for power failure. Hereinafter, the original purpose supply destination of the electric power stored in the storage battery is referred to as the "first electric power supply destination" of the storage battery. The storage battery user 401 uses the storage function (stored power) of the storage battery 301 via the storage battery operating device 100, other than the first power supply destination of the storage battery 301. The storage battery user 401 can collectively view the plurality of storage batteries 301-1 and 301-2 as one virtual battery 300. In the present specification, this virtual battery 300 (storage battery group) is also referred to as SDES (Software Defined Energy Storage).

In the present embodiment, the original purpose of the storage battery 301 is for power failure backup, but the storage battery 301 can also be used as the virtual battery 300 for other purposes as well. For example, examples of other uses include storage of surplus renewable energy and demand response. Demand response is a mechanism in which consumers fluctuate the amount of demand to match the balance between supply and demand of electric power.

The storage battery operation device 100 includes a virtual battery dischargeable amount calculation unit 101, a storage battery charge / discharge plan formulation unit 102, a real usage time / charge charge calculation unit 103, and a storage battery control unit 104. The functions of each part of the storage battery operating device 100 are realized by the CPU 801 described later reading and executing the control program stored in the ROM 802. In the block configuration of the storage battery operating device 100 of FIG. 1, the flow of processing by each part of the storage battery operating device 100 can also be understood.

The virtual battery dischargeable amount calculation unit 101 receives the storage battery data BD1 from the storage battery 301-1 and / or the storage battery data BD2 from the storage battery 301-2, and calculates the virtual battery dischargeable amount for each time. The dischargeable amount is the amount of electricity stored that exceeds the required amount of electricity among the amount of electricity stored (electric energy) charged in the storage battery. The storage battery 301 needs to satisfy the storage amount required to supply power to the first power supply destination, and the information used for calculating the storage amount is the storage battery data BD1 and BD2. An example of the information contained in the storage battery data is shown below (see FIG. 2 described later). In the present specification, when the storage battery data BD1 and BD2 are not distinguished, they may be referred to as "storage battery data BD" (an example of monitoring data). In addition, each information of the storage battery data may include contents overlapping with each other.

Storage battery data example 1:
・ Every storage battery and every time
-Maintenance staff position
-Road congestion information
-Maintenance staff arrival history
-Recovery time history
-System monitoring data
-Weather information
-Demand forecast
・ Charging speed for each storage battery

"Maintenance staff position", "road congestion information", "system monitoring data", and "weather information" are information (data) obtained by monitoring the situation that changes over time, and at least in the storage battery data. It is desirable to include this information. The system monitoring data is monitoring data for a power system including a power line EL. There may be a time lag (time lag) until the storage battery data is input to the virtual battery dischargeable amount calculation unit 101, but the smaller the time lag, the more desirable. The calculation of the virtual battery dischargeable amount for each time using the storage battery data will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 2 described later.

The storage battery charge / discharge plan formulation unit 102 receives the required discharge amount for each time of the user of the dischargeable amount, and supplies it to a power supply destination other than the first power supply destination for each storage battery 301 calculated by the dischargeable amount calculation unit 113. The dischargeable amount for each is allocated to the required discharge amount for each time of the user of the dischargeable amount, and a charge / discharge plan for each storage battery 301 is formulated. That is, the storage battery charge / discharge plan formulation unit 102 receives the virtual battery dischargeable amount for each time from the virtual battery dischargeable amount calculation unit 101, and receives application data from the terminal device 420 owned by the storage battery user 401 to charge the storage battery. Develop a discharge plan (see Figures 6 and 7 below). The application data is data output by application software (hereinafter abbreviated as "application") provided to the storage battery user 401 in the storage battery operation system 1. The application data includes information such as a time zone in which a surplus capacity is generated in the stored amount of the virtual battery 300, a usage fee, and a position of the virtual battery 300 on the power line EL. In FIG. 1, the application data AD1 is input from the terminal device 420-1 of the storage battery user 401-1 to the storage battery operation device 100, and the application data AD2 is input from the terminal device 420-2 of the storage battery user 401-2 to the storage battery operation device 100. Has been entered. When the application data AD1 and AD2 are not distinguished, it may be referred to as "application data AD".

Further, the storage battery charge / discharge plan formulation unit 102 executes an update process with respect to the storage battery charge / discharge plan for the storage battery 301 determined at the time of the previous calculation, triggered by a change in the storage battery data BD or the application data AD. Here, the storage battery charge / discharge plan formulation unit 102 formulates a charge / discharge plan for the storage battery 301 according to the contents of the changed storage battery data BD or application data AD. Then, the storage battery charge / discharge plan formulation unit 102 extracts a plurality of candidate charge / discharge plans showing how to allocate the charge / discharge amount required for each application to each storage battery 301, and uses those candidate charge / discharge plans for the actual usage time and charging. Pass it to the charge calculation unit 103.

The actual usage time / charge charge calculation unit 103 can discharge the battery under the constraint that the required storage amount for each time of the storage battery 301 calculated by the required storage amount calculation unit 112 is satisfied by using the charge / discharge speed information for each storage battery 301. Calculate the amount of time available and the charge for charging. That is, the actual usage time / charge charge calculation unit 103 charges the storage battery charge / discharge plan formulation unit 102 for the time during which the dischargeable amount can be substantially used (substantial usage time) and for each candidate charge / discharge plan. The charge (charging charge) required for the operation is calculated, and the calculation result is returned to the storage battery charge / discharge plan formulation unit 102.

The storage battery charge / discharge plan formulation unit 102 receives the calculation result of the actual usage time and the charging charge from the actual usage time / charging charge calculation unit 103. Then, the storage battery charge / discharge plan formulation unit 102 selects a charge / discharge plan that can be executed with a long actual usage time and a low charging charge from the candidate charge / discharge plans. Further, the storage battery charge / discharge plan formulation unit 102 passes the selected charge / discharge plan to the storage battery control unit 104. The storage battery user 401 is a user of the dischargeable electric power of the storage battery 301, and the required discharge amount or the charge amount for each time is input to the storage battery charge / discharge plan formulation unit 102 as application data AD.

For example, the application data is a demand response from 18:00 to 21:00, there are usable storage batteries 301-1 and storage batteries 301-2, and the planned storage amount of the storage battery 301-1 is 100% of the storage amount at 22:00 and the storage battery. It is assumed that the planned storage amount of 301-2 is 100% of the stored amount at 6 o'clock the next morning. Since the storage battery 301-1 must have a storage capacity of 100% at 22:00, it can be used only within the range where the storage capacity can be 100% in one hour depending on the charging speed of the storage battery 301-1. If the amount of electricity that can be charged in one hour is 25%, only up to 75% of the amount of electricity can be used at 21:00. Alternatively, if 50% of the full storage amount is used, the usage time is until 20:00. This is because the storage battery 301-1 must continue to be charged after 20:00 due to the charging speed. Since the storage battery 301-2 only needs to have a storage capacity of 100% at 6 o'clock the next morning, there is time to spare. If the electricity charge between 21:00 and 22:00, which is the charging time, is higher than the electricity charge after that, the storage battery 301 can be charged at a low time in order to return the amount of electricity used. The charge is cheaper if you assign it to -2.

If the operator of the storage battery operating device 100 calculates and determines the evaluation points by weighting, which of the usage time and the charging charge is prioritized, a storage battery charging / discharging plan suitable for the application (demand response) can be created. Can be formulated.

Here, an example of application data is shown below. The application data example 1 is an example in which the storage battery user 401 uses both the charging function and the discharging function, and specifies the storage amount kWh, the SOC at the start, the SOC at the end, and the charging / discharging speed. SOC (State Of Charge) is a charge rate, and represents the ratio of the current charge amount to the charge amount at the time of full charge. Further, when used as a backup power source or the like, since it is necessary to connect to the storage battery 301 (PCS303 (see FIG. 5 described later)) by a power line EL, the position on the power line EL of the electric device 410 (FIG. 1). To specify. The application data example 2 is an example when the storage battery user 401 uses it as a discharge function.

App data example 1:
Start time / end time Storage amount kWh, SOC at start, SOC at end, charge / discharge speed, usage fee,
Position on power line EL

Application data example 2:
Start time / end time Discharge amount kWh, discharge speed, usage fee,
Position on power line EL

The storage battery user 401 may specify in advance a charge to be paid as a consideration for using the application (storage battery surplus capacity providing service), and formulate a storage battery charge / discharge plan according to the charge. Such a configuration is convenient for the storage battery user 401 who wants to use the service only when the usage fee of the application (that is, the electricity usage fee) is low.

The storage battery control unit 104 receives a charge / discharge plan from the storage battery charge / discharge plan formulation unit 102, and controls the charge / discharge of the corresponding storage battery 301 according to the charge / discharge plan.

[Virtual battery dischargeable amount calculation unit]
Hereinafter, the virtual battery dischargeable amount calculation unit 101 of the storage battery operation device 100 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

FIG. 2 shows an example of the internal configuration of the virtual battery dischargeable amount calculation unit 101. The virtual battery dischargeable amount calculation unit 101 includes a power failure recovery time prediction unit 111, a required storage amount calculation unit 112, a dischargeable amount calculation unit 113 for each time, and a totaling unit 114.

In this embodiment, the input (storage battery data) to the storage battery operating device 100 and the output are as follows.
[input]
・ Every storage battery and every time
-Maintenance staff position
-Road congestion information
-Maintenance staff arrival history
-Recovery time history
-System monitoring data
-Weather information
-Demand forecast
・ Charging speed for each storage battery
[output]
Virtual battery discharge capacity for each time

The power failure recovery time prediction unit 111 receives the following information and predicts the power failure recovery time R (t) required to recover from the power failure when a power failure occurs at time t for each storage battery i. The details of the process will be described with reference to FIG. 3, which will be described later.

・ Every storage battery and every time
-Maintenance staff position
-Road congestion information
-Maintenance staff arrival history
-Recovery time history
-System monitoring data
-Weather information

The required storage amount calculation unit 112 receives prediction information of the power failure recovery time R (i, t) for each storage battery i and time t from the power failure recovery time prediction unit 111, and also forecasts demand for each storage battery i and time t. The amount (i, t) is received, and the required storage amount (i, t) for each time t for each storage battery i is calculated. In the case of a backup storage battery, the demand forecast amount for each storage battery and time corresponds to the amount of power to be backed up in the event of a power failure (the amount of power required for recovery). The required storage amount calculation unit 112 receives the demand forecast amount from a demand forecast function (personal computer, network, etc.) (not shown). The demand forecasting function analyzes the power demand according to conditions such as weather and time, and predicts the power demand using the result.

The required storage amount of the storage battery i at time t is calculated by the following equation (1). That is, it is the sum of the demand forecast amounts (i, t) required for each time from time t to time (t + R (t)) while it takes R (t) time to recover when a power failure occurs at time t. ..

t + R (i, t)
Required storage amount (i, t) = Σ demand forecast amount (i, t) ・ ・ ・ Equation (1)
t = t

The dischargeable amount calculation unit 113 for each time receives the required storage amount (i, t) for each time t of the storage battery i, receives the charging speed (i) for each storage battery i, and discharges each time t for each storage battery i. Calculate the possible quantity D (i, t). This dischargeable amount D (i, t) is calculated by the following equation (2). Dischargeable amount

Dischargeable amount D (i, t) = Storage battery capacity (i) -Required storage amount (i, t) ... Equation (2)

The totaling unit 114 receives the dischargeable amount D (i, t) for each time t for each storage battery i, and calculates the virtual battery dischargeable amount D_SDES (t) for each time t by the following equation (3). ,Output.

Number of storage batteries I
Virtual battery dischargeable amount D_SDES (t) = Σ dischargeable amount D (i, t) ... Equation (3)
i = 0

[Power failure recovery time prediction unit]
Hereinafter, the power failure recovery time prediction unit 111 of the virtual battery dischargeable amount calculation unit 101 will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 3 shows an example of the internal configuration of the power failure recovery time prediction unit 111. The power failure recovery time prediction unit 111 includes a maintenance worker arrival time analysis unit 121, a maintenance worker arrival time prediction unit 122, a restoration work time analysis unit 123, a restoration work time prediction unit 124, a total time calculation unit 125, and maintenance. A member arrival time analysis result database 126 and a recovery work time analysis result database 127 are provided.

The maintenance staff arrival time analysis unit 121 receives the following information on the maintenance staff arrival history, analyzes the maintenance staff arrival time, and registers the analysis result in the maintenance staff arrival time analysis result database 126.

Maintenance staff arrival history for each storage battery i and time t-Maintenance staff position-Road congestion information-Weather information-Time required for arrival-Time when a call was made to the relevant storage battery position (call time)

The maintenance staff arrival history is the value of the time from the call to the relevant storage battery position to the arrival, and the value of factors that affect the arrival time, such as the maintenance staff position at that time, road congestion information, weather information, and call time. be.

The road congestion information is information indicating the route from the maintenance staff position at that time to the corresponding storage battery position and the degree of congestion at the calling time (for example, here, it is described as the time required to pass the route). If you are going to pick up a movable storage battery or generator on the way after the call is made, enter the road congestion information for that route. It is possible to use only a part (for example, the time from the call to the arrival) without using all of these factors.

Since weather information is a qualitative variable such as sunny or cloudy, it is handled by converting it into a numerical variable that reflects the effect on road congestion. Alternatively, the sample data may be classified on the condition of the factor of road congestion, and the maintenance worker arrival time arrival (i, t) for each condition may be obtained. For example, even on the same sunny day, the traffic volume may differ greatly between the comfortable temperature group and the extremely cold group.

Although not described in the maintenance staff arrival history for each storage battery i and time t, event calendar information may be used. For example, if some event is held on the route from the maintenance staff position to the corresponding storage battery position, road congestion will occur on the route and it will take more time for the maintenance staff to arrive. Therefore, by using the event calendar information as a factor that affects the arrival time of the maintenance staff, it is possible to predict the arrival time more accurately.

In reality, it is rare that a call is made to the relevant storage battery position, so instead of classifying the history by time, the history is classified by storage battery, and the time when the call to the relevant storage battery position is made is a factor. May be entered as.

If the number of samples is too small to apply a method such as statistical analysis only with the call history to the corresponding storage battery position, a method such as statistical analysis is applied to the call history of a plurality of storage batteries for analysis. For example, the error between the estimated time required for arrival to calculate the corresponding storage battery position from road congestion information and the time actually required for arrival is the objective variable, and other factors such as maintenance staff position, storage battery position, weather information, etc. Regression analysis is performed using the time when the call to the relevant storage battery position is made as an explanatory variable, and the regression model and the coefficient of each factor are calculated for the error. In the case of regression analysis, the maintenance worker arrival time error r (t) is represented by the model shown in the following equation (4), and the coefficients k1, k2, and k3 can be obtained.

Maintenance worker arrival time error r (i, t) = r (t, maintenance worker position, storage battery i position, weather information, time when the call to the corresponding storage battery position was made)
= K1 * Road congestion information (maintenance staff position, storage battery i position) + k2 * G1 (weather information) + k3 * G2 (call time) ... Equation (4)

Further, the maintenance worker arrival time arrival (i, t) is calculated by adding the error calculated from various factors to the estimated time required for arrival calculated from the road congestion information.

Maintenance staff arrival time annual (i, t)
= Road congestion information (maintenance staff position, storage battery i position) + maintenance staff arrival time error r (i, t)
... Equation (5)

If the maintenance worker arrival time error r (i, t) is smaller than the threshold value, the estimated time required for arrival calculated from the road congestion information may be registered in the maintenance worker arrival time analysis result database 126. The analysis method may be modeled by using a method other than regression analysis. If there is already a model for deriving the maintenance staff arrival time rival (i, t) from various factors, the corresponding model is registered in the maintenance staff arrival time analysis result database 126, and the maintenance staff arrival time analysis unit 121 is provided. It does not have to be.

The maintenance staff arrival time prediction unit 122 inputs the following recovery time history information, refers to the maintenance staff arrival time analysis result database 126, and stores battery maintenance staff arrival time rival (i) for each storage battery i and time t. , T) is predicted. The prediction result is passed to the total time calculation unit 125.

The restoration work time analysis unit 123 receives the information of the restoration time history shown below, analyzes the time until the power failure is restored after the maintenance staff arrives, and registers the result in the restoration work time analysis result database 127.

-Recovery time history-Weather information-System monitoring data

The restoration work time analysis by the restoration work time analysis unit 123 is performed in the same manner as the maintenance worker arrival time analysis unit 121. After analysis using regression analysis, the coefficient can be calculated by modeling as in the following equation (6). For example, regarding weather information, work may be slower on rainy days than on sunny days. Further, regarding the call time, depending on the time zone of the call, a worker with a low skill level may be in charge because a skilled worker is absent, and it may take a long time for recovery work. The storage battery i, weather information, and the time when the call to the relevant storage battery position is made are converted into numerical values that reflect the effect on the restoration work time. Alternatively, the sample data may be classified on the condition of the factor of the restoration work time, and the restoration work time w (i, t) for each condition may be obtained.

Restoration work time w (i, t) = w (t, storage battery i, weather information, call time)
= M1 * F1 (battery i) + m2 * F2 (weather information) + m3 * F3 (call time)
... Equation (6)

If there is already a model for deriving the recovery work time w (i, t) from various factors, the corresponding model can be registered in the recovery work time analysis result database 127 without providing the recovery work time analysis unit 123. good.

The restoration work time prediction unit 124 receives the weather information and the system monitoring data information, and predicts the restoration work time w (i, t) for each storage battery i and time t by referring to the restoration work time analysis result database 127. do. Then, the recovery work time prediction unit 124 passes the prediction result to the total time calculation unit 125.

The total time calculation unit 125 receives the maintenance worker arrival time rival (i, t) and the restoration work time w (i, t) for each storage battery i and time t, and sums them up to cause a power failure at time t. If so, calculate the time it takes to recover. In Fig. 3, the time required for restoration is estimated separately for the maintenance staff arrival time and restoration work time, but if there is anything else to be done before restoration, that time is also estimated and the time required for restoration is calculated. Include.

According to the first embodiment configured as described above, the storage battery operating device 100 can estimate the storage battery remaining capacity, which changes from moment to moment, with high accuracy. Therefore, a large amount of storage battery spare capacity can be obtained from the virtual battery 300. Further, the storage battery operation system 1 using the storage battery operation device 100 can be widely used for demand response and peak shift. In addition, this can be expected to increase the income from the storage battery surplus capacity for the storage battery owner.

[Business model using storage battery operation equipment]
Next, an example of a business model using the storage battery operating device 100 in a certain building will be described.

FIG. 4 shows an example of a business model using the storage battery operating device 100. As an example, the business model constructed by using the storage battery operation system 1 including the storage battery operation device 100 includes a storage battery operator 600, a building resident A, a building resident B, a building manager C, and an electric power company or an aggregator D. Appears.

The storage battery operator 600 operates the storage battery 301 by using the storage battery operating device 100.
The building resident A is the storage battery owner 201, and owns the storage battery 301 for backup in the storage battery operation business using the storage battery operation device 100.
The building resident B, the building manager C, and the electric power company or the aggregator D are the storage battery user 401-1, the storage battery user 401-2, and the storage battery user 401-3, respectively. Aggregators are businesses that collect negawatts. The building resident B, the building manager C, and the electric power company or the aggregator D utilize the storage battery remaining capacity of the storage battery 301 by the storage battery operating device 100.

The storage battery operator 600 provides a battery, SDES application, SS maintenance (deterioration diagnosis), and EMS (Energy Management System) as an environment for the storage battery owner 201 and the storage battery user 401 to use the services of the storage battery operating device 100. ) And other services. If the storage battery owner 201 and the storage battery user 401 each benefit from the use of the virtual battery 300, the storage battery operator 600 receives a part of the merit as a usage fee.

The building resident B uses the electric power (remaining capacity) of the storage battery 301 of the building resident A for backup in the event of a power failure. The building resident B pays the building manager C a management fee reflecting the consideration for the electric power of the storage battery 301. In addition to paying the prescribed amount in the event of an actual power outage, even if there is no power outage, the amount for the right to receive supply in the event of a power outage will be paid.

The building manager C receives the management fee reflecting the consideration from the building resident B, and shares the consideration with the building resident A. In addition, the building manager C receives the management fee from the building resident A. The management cost includes the cost for maintaining and managing the common area of the building 700. The building manager C needs to be equipped with electric power equipment for stabilizing power distribution so that the building resident B can use the storage battery 301 in the event of a power failure. By providing a backup storage battery 301 necessary for business continuity, it is possible to improve the occupancy rate of the building 700 and set a high rent. Further, since the building manager C does not own the storage battery 301 by himself / herself, if the building resident B does not need the backup in the event of a power failure, the cost of the storage battery 301 is not incurred.

The building manager C is making sales efforts such as installing a solar cell PV on the roof of the building 700 to reduce the power usage fee cost of the entire building 700, but the amount of power generation is unstable. By purchasing the storage battery surplus capacity of the storage battery 301, the building manager C can perform a peak cut for reducing the power usage charge of the entire building 700, and can reduce the power usage charge cost of the entire building 700. Further, when the building manager C receives a negawatt request from the electric power company or the aggregator D, the building manager C discharges the storage battery 301 to reduce the demand for the building 700 and obtain a profit (compensation) as the negawatt. In addition, by providing the backup function to the building resident B, the occupancy rate of the building 700 can be improved and the rent can be set high, so that profits can be obtained.

The electric power company or the aggregator D can use the remaining battery capacity of the storage battery 301 to adjust the supply and demand balance of electric power.

As described above, the power failure recovery time prediction unit 111 predicts the power failure recovery time of the storage battery 301 whose first power supply destination is the business load in the building 700 of the resident A of the building 700. Next, the required storage amount calculation unit 112 calculates the required storage amount for each time of the storage battery 301 from the predicted power failure recovery time and the demand forecast value for each time of the business load. Then, the dischargeable amount calculation unit 113 for each time calculates the dischargeable amount for each time, uses the dischargeable amount for the peak cut of the building 700, and pays the resident A of the building 700 for consideration.

As the storage battery 301 described above, for example, a backup storage battery installed in a mobile communication base station can be applied. Mobile communication base stations are almost always installed where consumers (storage battery users) exist, and cover each region of the country. Further, the base station operates continuously 24 hours a day, 365 days a year except during maintenance and inspection, and operates various electric loads in order to provide a communication function to the user. Mobile communication requires different amounts of power (power demand) between daytime and nighttime. In general, since economic activities (labor) are carried out during the daytime, mobile communication requires more power during the daytime than at nighttime. Since the amount of power required is small with respect to the capacity of the storage battery during the night time, the storage battery is more likely to have surplus power (the amount of power that can be discharged) than at night. By utilizing the surplus capacity of this storage battery for a purpose different from the original use (for mobile communication), it is possible to effectively utilize the storage battery provided in the base station for mobile communication, which has been overlooked so far.

[System configuration corresponding to business model]
Next, a system configuration example for carrying out the storage battery operation shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 4 will be described.

FIG. 5 shows an example of a system configuration for carrying out the storage battery operation shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. In the building 700, a storage battery 301 (shown separately for the PCS 303 and the storage battery main body 302), a storage battery operating device 100, and an EMS (Energy Management System) 702 that manages the power of the entire building 700 are installed, and mutual power line EL is used. It is connected.

The storage battery 301 is connected to the storage battery operating device 100 by a communication line (communication network), and the PCS 303 in the storage battery 301 has a function of converting the DC power of the solar battery PV and the storage battery main body 302 into AC power and the like. , The charging / discharging of the storage battery main body 302 is controlled according to the control signal received from the storage battery operating device 100. The building resident B sends the application data AD to the storage battery operating device 100 by the terminal device 420-1, and receives the storage battery surplus capacity from the storage battery 301 in the event of a power failure. The EMS702 controls the peak shift based on the setting by the terminal device 420 of the building manager C and the control signal received from the storage battery operation device 100, and supplies power to the building resident B at the time of a power failure according to the system operation rule at the time of a power failure. To do.

The EMS 702 and the storage battery operating device 100 may be installed outside the building 700. Outside the building 700, devices such as PV503, WF504, generator 505, SVR501, and DMS502 are installed on the power grid and connected to the transformer 701 in the building 700. The electric power company, which is the storage battery user 401-3, makes a negawatt request to the storage battery operating device 100 via the network N by using a terminal device 420 (not shown).

[Dischargeable amount for each time (rechargeable battery capacity)]
FIG. 6 is a graph showing an example of the dischargeable amount (required storage amount) of a certain storage battery 301 for each time calculated by the virtual battery dischargeable amount calculation unit 101 (see FIG. 2). The horizontal axis of FIG. 6 represents time, and the vertical axis represents the required storage amount [Wh]. The required storage amount and the dischargeable amount (remaining capacity) of the storage battery 301 for each time are displayed as a bar graph. In addition, at the bottom of the graph, "time when the generation of surplus power starts", "remaining power (Wh) at that time" and "SOC value (charging rate)", and "time when the generation of surplus power ends", and " The "remaining capacity (Wh)" and "SOC value (charging rate)" at that time are indicated by character strings. In the case of this example, the time when the remaining power starts to be generated is 13:00, the remaining power (dischargeable amount) is aWh, the SOC is 100% (corresponding to full charge), and the time when the remaining power ends is 17:00. The remaining capacity (dischargeable amount) is aWh, and the SOC is 100% (corresponding to a full charge). That is, it is possible to discharge aWh, which is the difference between the stored amount and the required stored amount when the SOC is 100%, for 4 hours as a spare capacity. It should be noted that the remaining capacity of aWh cannot be used for 4 hours due to the limitation of the charge / discharge speed. This limitation of the charge / discharge rate will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 7, which will be described later.

The graph as shown in FIG. 6 is displayed on the display unit 805 (see FIG. 8) of the storage battery operating device 100 managed by, for example, the storage battery operator 600 (see FIG. 4). As a result, the storage battery operator 600 can confirm the time zone in which the surplus capacity of the storage battery 301 is generated and the surplus capacity (dischargeable amount). It should be noted that the virtual battery dischargeable amount for each time aggregated by the aggregation unit 114 can also be displayed in the same manner. The graph may be displayed on the terminal device 420 of the storage battery user 401.

Although the remaining capacity is shown every hour in FIG. 6, other unit times may be used. For example, by displaying the data marker (columnar portion) in units of 30 minutes, the remaining capacity of the storage battery 301 can be grasped in more detail. can.

[Charge / discharge plan result]
FIG. 7 is a graph showing an example of a charge / discharge plan of the storage battery 301 calculated by the storage battery charge / discharge plan formulation unit 102 (FIG. 1) based on the dischargeable amount (remaining capacity) of the storage battery 301 at each time of FIG. .. The horizontal axis of FIG. 7 represents time, and the vertical axis represents residual capacity (dischargeable amount) [Wh]. The lower right part of the graph shows the discharge of the storage battery 301, and the upper right part shows the charge of the storage battery 301. The slope of the graph represents the discharge rate or the charge rate. In FIG. 7, the usage start time 13:00 is set according to the start time 13:00 of the spare capacity generation in FIG. 6, and the usage end time 17:00 is set according to the end time 17:00 of the spare capacity generation.

By setting the storage amount at 13:00 (SOC100% in FIG. 7) and the storage amount at 17:00 (SOC100% in FIG. 7) at the start time of use, the charge / discharge speed of the storage battery 301 can be used as the actual usable capacity. There are restrictions. That is, it is not possible to charge / discharge the storage battery 301 through 4 hours from 13:00 of the usage start time to 17:00 of the usage end time. Taking charging as an example, if the chargeable storage amount of the storage battery 301 per hour is a [Wh], the charging speed b is a [Wh] / [h]. This charging speed b corresponds to the slope of the graph during charging. In order to satisfy the SOC 100% at the end time of use of FIG. 7 at 17:00, the battery may be discharged to 0 at the time of 16:00. Alternatively, at the time of 16:30, at least a / 2 [Wh] of spare capacity may be left.

If you want to charge the battery during a time when the electricity usage fee is set low, such as in the middle of the night, you need to make extra charging capacity (free capacity). In that case, aWh corresponding to the dischargeable amount may be discharged so that the remaining capacity of the storage battery 301 becomes 0 when the time zone is cheap, and the battery may be discharged systematically.

For example, lead-acid batteries generally have a slow charge / discharge rate, and lithium-ion batteries have a faster charge / discharge rate than lead-acid batteries.

The graph as shown in FIG. 7 is displayed on the display unit 805 of the storage battery operation device 100 managed by the storage battery operator 600, for example. As a result, the storage battery operator 600 can confirm the charge / discharge plan (remaining capacity) of the storage battery 301 in a certain time zone. The graph may be displayed on the terminal device 420 of the storage battery user 401.

[Hardware configuration example of each device]
FIG. 8 shows an example of hardware configuration of a computer included in each device constituting the storage battery operation system 1.

Here, a hardware configuration example of the computer 800 included in the storage battery operation device 100 (FIG. 1), PCS303 (FIG. 5), and terminal device 420 (FIG. 1) shown in the storage battery operation system 1 described above will be described. Each part of the computer 800 is selected according to the function and purpose of use of each device.

The computer 800 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 801 connected to the bus 804, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 802, and a RAM (Random Access Memory) 803, respectively. Further, the computer 800 includes a display unit 805, an operation unit 806, a non-volatile storage 807, and a communication interface 808.

The CPU 801 is an example of a control unit, and a program code of software that realizes each function according to the present embodiment is read from the ROM 802 and executed. The ROM 802 stores a control program corresponding to each of the storage battery operating device 100 and the application user. The computer 800 may be provided with a processing device such as an MPU (Micro-Processing Unit) instead of the CPU 801. Variables, parameters, etc. generated during the arithmetic processing are temporarily written in the RAM 803.

The display unit 805 is, for example, a liquid crystal display monitor, and displays the result of processing performed by the computer 800 or the like. For example, a keyboard, a mouse, a touch panel, or the like is used for the operation unit 806, and the user can perform predetermined operation input and instruction. When the terminal device 420-1 is a mobile terminal such as a smartphone, a touch panel is used for the operation unit 806.

Examples of the non-volatile storage 807 include HDD (Hard Disk Drive), SSD (Solid State Drive), flexible disk, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, CD-ROM, CD-R, magnetic tape, non-volatile memory card and the like. Used. In this non-volatile storage 807, in addition to the OS (Operating System) and various parameters, a program for operating the computer 800 may be recorded. For example, the non-volatile storage 807 stores the maintenance worker arrival time analysis result database 126 and the recovery work time analysis result database 127.

For the communication interface 808, for example, a NIC (Network Interface Card) or the like is used, and various data can be transmitted and received between each device via a network N such as a LAN.

<2. Second embodiment>
As a second embodiment, there is a method in which the storage battery operating device 100 does not calculate the required storage amount, and the result calculated by the arithmetic unit of the storage battery 301 is passed to the storage battery operating device 100 as data. In this case, the power failure recovery time prediction unit 111, the required storage amount calculation unit 112, and the dischargeable amount calculation unit 113 for each time of FIG. 2 are provided on the storage battery 301 side (for example, PCS303). In the case of this embodiment, the storage battery data in FIG. 1 is, for example, the following storage battery data example 2 and storage battery data example 3. The storage battery 301 side calculates the required storage amount and the remaining capacity generation time, and uses it as the storage battery data BD including the storage battery ID (identification information), the usage start time for the virtual battery 300, the usage end time, the SOC at the start, the SOC at the end, and the like. , Sent to the storage battery operating device 100. The storage battery operating device 100 implements application (demand response) allocation within these constraints.

In this embodiment, the minimum usage fee is set for the storage battery data. The reason why the minimum usage fee is set for the storage battery data is that when the application is for backup, even if there is no actual power failure and the battery is not charged or discharged, reservations are accepted and the storage battery 301 is prepared with the capacity available. This is to get the price for that.

Storage battery data example 2:
Storage battery ID, usage start time / usage end time for virtual battery,
Capacity kWh, SOC at start, SOC at end, charge / discharge speed,
Charge / discharge unit price, minimum usage fee

Storage battery data example 3:
Storage battery ID, available capacity for virtual battery for each time (capacity kWh, discharge amount, etc.),
Charge / discharge unit price, minimum usage fee

According to the second embodiment described above, the chargeable amount for each time is calculated by the arithmetic unit on the storage battery 301 side, and the charge / discharge plan of the virtual battery 300 is formulated based on the dischargeable amount calculated on the storage battery 301 side. , It is possible to control the charging / discharging of the corresponding storage battery 301. The second embodiment has the same effect as that of the first embodiment.

<3. Third Embodiment>
In the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the description has been made on the premise that the first power supply destination is set in the storage battery 301, but for example, when the application (first power supply destination) such as backup is not decided. May not have a specific supply destination. For example, when the storage battery owner 201 is an investor, the investor himself does not use the storage battery 301 on a daily basis. When such a storage battery owner 201 is an investor, there is no first power supply destination in the business of lending the storage battery surplus capacity to the storage battery user 401. However, the present invention can be similarly implemented with a supply destination that has already been decided to be rented for some purpose as the first power supply destination.

In the third embodiment, the configuration is as follows. The power failure recovery time prediction unit 111 predicts the power failure recovery time for each time of the determined supply destination for each storage battery 301 from the monitoring data obtained by monitoring the situation changing with the passage of time. Further, the required storage amount calculation unit 112 calculates the required storage amount for each time of the storage battery 301 from the demand forecast value for each time of the determined supply destination for each storage battery 301. Then, the dischargeable amount calculation unit 113 for each time calculates the dischargeable amount for each time to be supplied to other than the determined supply destination for each storage battery 301 from the required storage amount.

Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it goes without saying that various other application examples and modifications can be taken as long as they do not deviate from the gist of the present invention described in the claims. be.

For example, the above-described embodiment describes in detail and concretely the configurations of the apparatus and the system in order to explain the present invention in an easy-to-understand manner, and is not necessarily limited to those including all the described configurations. .. Further, it is possible to replace a part of the configuration of one embodiment with the configuration of another embodiment. It is also possible to add the configuration of another embodiment to the configuration of one embodiment. Further, it is also possible to add, delete, or replace a part of the configuration of each embodiment with another configuration.

Further, each of the above configurations, functions, processing units, processing means and the like may be realized by hardware by designing a part or all of them by, for example, an integrated circuit.

In addition, the control lines and information lines indicate those that are considered necessary for explanation, and do not necessarily indicate all the control lines and information lines in the product. In practice, it can be considered that almost all configurations are interconnected.

Further, in the present specification, the processing steps for describing the time-series processing are not necessarily the processing performed in the time-series according to the described order, but are not necessarily processed in the time-series, but are parallel or individual. It also includes processing to be executed in (for example, parallel processing or processing by an object).

1 ... Storage battery operation system,
100 ... Storage battery operation device, 101 ... Virtual battery dischargeable amount calculation unit, 102 ... Storage battery charge / discharge planning unit, 103 ... Actual usage time / charge calculation unit, 104 ... Storage battery control unit, 111 ... Power failure recovery time prediction unit, 112 … Calculation unit of required storage amount, 113… Dischargeable amount calculation unit for each time, 114… Aggregation unit, 121… Maintenance worker arrival time analysis unit, 122… Maintenance worker arrival time prediction unit, 123… Recovery work time analysis unit, 124 ... Recovery work time prediction unit, 125 ... Comprehensive time calculation unit, 126 ... Maintenance personnel arrival time analysis result database, 127 ... Recovery work time analysis result database, 201-1, 201-2 ... Storage battery owner, 301-1, 301-2 ... Storage battery, 302 ... Storage battery body, 401-1,401-2, 401-3 ... Storage battery user, 4114102 ... Electrical equipment, 420-1,420-2 ... Terminal device, 600 ... Storage battery operator

Claims (7)

Power failure recovery time prediction that predicts the power failure recovery time required from a power failure to recovery from a power failure at a certain point in the first power supply destination of each storage battery from monitoring data obtained by monitoring the situation that changes over time Department and
A required storage amount calculation unit that calculates the required storage amount at a certain point in time for each storage battery from the forecast information of the power failure recovery time and the demand forecast value at a certain time point of the first power supply destination for each storage battery.
A dischargeable amount calculation unit for calculating a dischargeable amount at a certain point in time from the required stored amount to a destination other than the first power supply destination for each storage battery is provided.
The monitoring data includes at least the position of the maintenance personnel performing restoration work, traffic jam information of the route from the position of the maintenance personnel to the position of the battery, power system monitoring data for the power system, the weather information,
The power failure recovery time prediction unit
Information on the maintenance staff arrival history, including the maintenance staff arrival time, which is the time from the call to the position of the storage battery to the arrival of the maintenance staff, and the value of the factor affecting the maintenance staff arrival time. , The maintenance worker arrival time analysis unit that analyzes the maintenance worker arrival time based on the monitoring data,
A maintenance worker arrival time prediction unit that predicts the maintenance worker arrival time based on the monitoring data and the analysis result of the maintenance worker arrival time analysis unit.
Based on the recovery time history information including weather information and system monitoring data, the recovery work time analysis unit that analyzes the recovery work time, which is the work time required from the arrival of the maintenance staff to the recovery, and the recovery work time analysis unit.
A recovery work time prediction unit that predicts the recovery work time based on the monitoring data and the analysis result of the recovery work time analysis unit.
A storage battery operating device having a total time calculation unit that calculates the power failure recovery time by combining the maintenance worker arrival time and the recovery work time. The dischargeable amount at a certain point in time, which is supplied to a power supply destination other than the first power supply destination for each storage battery calculated by the dischargeable amount calculation unit in response to the required discharge amount at a certain point in time by the user of the dischargeable amount, can be discharged. The storage battery charge / discharge plan formulation department, which allocates the amount of user to the required discharge amount at a certain point in time and formulates a charge / discharge plan for each storage battery,
The storage battery operation device according to claim 1, further comprising a storage battery control unit that controls charging / discharging of the storage battery in accordance with a charging / discharging plan formulated by the storage battery charging / discharging plan formulation unit. For the time during which the dischargeable amount can be used and for charging under the constraint that the required storage amount at a certain time point is satisfied for each storage battery calculated by the required storage amount calculation unit using the charge / discharge rate information for each storage battery. The storage battery operation device according to claim 2, further comprising a real usage time / charge charge calculation unit that calculates a charge and outputs the calculation result to the storage battery charge / discharge plan formulation unit. The storage battery charge / discharge plan formulation unit receives the calculation result from the actual use time / charge charge calculation unit, and charges the battery for a long time during which the dischargeable amount can be substantially used from among the plurality of charge / discharge plans. The storage battery operation device according to claim 3, wherein the charge / discharge plan that can execute the charge for the operation at a low price is selected, and the charge / discharge plan is output to the storage battery control unit. The power failure recovery time prediction unit predicts the power failure recovery time of the storage battery whose first power supply destination is the business load in the building of the owner of the storage battery.
The required storage amount calculation unit calculates the required storage amount of the storage battery at a certain point in time from the predicted power failure recovery time and the demand forecast value at a certain point of time of the business load.
The dischargeable amount calculation unit calculates the dischargeable amount at a certain point in time, and then calculates the dischargeable amount.
The storage battery operating device according to claim 1, wherein the dischargeable amount is used for peak cutting of the building and the consideration is paid to the owner of the storage battery. The storage battery operating device according to claim 1, wherein the owner of the storage battery is a person who does not use the storage battery on a daily basis. It is a storage battery operation method executed by the storage battery operation device.
The power failure recovery time prediction unit predicts the power failure recovery time at a certain point in time for the first power supply destination for each storage battery from the monitoring data obtained by monitoring the situation that changes over time.
The process of calculating the required storage amount for each storage battery at a certain point in time from the demand forecast value at a certain point in the first power supply destination for each storage battery by the required storage amount calculation unit.
The dischargeable amount calculation unit is provided with a process of calculating the dischargeable amount at a certain point in time from the required stored amount to a destination other than the first power supply destination for each storage battery.
The monitoring data includes at least the position of the maintenance personnel performing restoration work, traffic jam information of the route from the position of the maintenance personnel to the position of the battery, power system monitoring data for the power system, the weather information,
In the process of predicting the power failure recovery time,
Information on the maintenance staff arrival history, including the maintenance staff arrival time, which is the time from the call to the position of the storage battery to the arrival of the maintenance staff, and the value of the factor affecting the maintenance staff arrival time. , Analyzing the arrival time of the maintenance staff based on the monitoring data,
Based on the monitoring data and the analysis result of the maintenance worker arrival time, the maintenance worker arrival time is predicted.
Based on the recovery time history information including weather information and system monitoring data, the recovery work time, which is the work time required from the arrival of the maintenance staff to the recovery, is analyzed.
The recovery work time is predicted based on the monitoring data and the analysis result of the recovery work time.
A storage battery operation method for calculating the power failure recovery time by combining the maintenance worker arrival time and the recovery work time.

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