JP6975582B2 - How to remove air bubbles when placing concrete - Google Patents

How to remove air bubbles when placing concrete Download PDF

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JP6975582B2
JP6975582B2 JP2017168173A JP2017168173A JP6975582B2 JP 6975582 B2 JP6975582 B2 JP 6975582B2 JP 2017168173 A JP2017168173 A JP 2017168173A JP 2017168173 A JP2017168173 A JP 2017168173A JP 6975582 B2 JP6975582 B2 JP 6975582B2
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formwork
formwork surface
moving body
concrete
air bubbles
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JP2019044463A (en
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永康 三河内
裕介 藤倉
一雄 井手
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Fujita Corp
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Description

本発明はコンクリート打設時における気泡除去方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for removing air bubbles at the time of placing concrete.

例えば、擁壁を構築する場合、例えば、切土と型枠面との間に、あるいは、裏込め材と型枠面との間に、また型枠と型枠の間にコンクリートが打設される（特許文献１、２）。
コンクリートの打設に伴って型枠面との間に気泡が生じるが、このような気泡が型枠面に滞留したままでコンクリートを硬化させると、気泡が生じたコンクリートの表面部分に凹凸が生じた欠陥となり、見栄えが悪く、強度・緻密性が低下する。
そこで、従来から、コンクリートの打設後、細長の気泡除去具を手で持って型枠面の長手方向に挿入して一回あるいは複数回往復させ、気泡を型枠面から強制的に除去する作業を行なっている（特許文献３）。 For example, when constructing a retaining wall, for example, concrete is placed between the cut and the formwork surface, between the backfill material and the formwork surface, and between the formwork and the formwork. (Patent Documents 1 and 2).
Bubbles are generated between the concrete and the formwork surface as the concrete is placed, but if the concrete is hardened while such bubbles are staying on the formwork surface, unevenness is generated on the surface of the concrete in which the bubbles are generated. It becomes a defect, looks bad, and deteriorates strength and fineness.
Therefore, conventionally, after placing concrete, an elongated bubble removing tool is held by hand and inserted in the longitudinal direction of the formwork surface and reciprocated once or multiple times to forcibly remove the bubbles from the formwork surface. Work is being done (Patent Document 3).

特開２００４−２８５７２６号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-285726 特開２０１５−１５１７５３号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2015-151753 特開２００５−３６６４１号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2005-36641

しかしながら、例えば、型枠面が長い場合や、型枠面の側方に作業スペースを確保できない場合、あるいはコンクリートの上部に型枠面がある場合には、従来の気泡除去具による気泡除去作業は困難となる。
コンクリート壁に気泡による欠陥が生じている場合には、コンクリート表面の強度や緻密性が低下するばかりか、欠陥部分を削り取って補修作業を行なうことが必要となり、工期の短縮化、コストダウンを図る上で不利となる。
特に、斜め下向きの傾斜面を有する型枠面にコンクリートを打設する場合、気泡が傾斜面から逃げにくく、傾斜面に気泡が滞留しがちとなるので何らかの対策が望まれていた
本発明は前記事情に鑑み案出されたものであり、その目的は、型枠面が斜め下方を向いた傾斜面である場合であっても、型枠面に生じた気泡を確実に除去し、工期の短縮化、コストダウンを図る上で有利なコンクリート打設時における気泡除去方法を提供することにある。 However, for example, when the formwork surface is long, the work space cannot be secured on the side of the formwork surface, or when the formwork surface is on the upper part of the concrete, the bubble removal work by the conventional bubble remover can be performed. It will be difficult.
If the concrete wall has defects due to air bubbles, not only the strength and fineness of the concrete surface will decrease, but also it will be necessary to scrape off the defective parts to perform repair work, shortening the construction period and reducing costs. It will be disadvantageous above.
In particular, when concrete is placed on a formwork surface having an inclined surface facing diagonally downward, air bubbles are difficult to escape from the inclined surface and air bubbles tend to stay on the inclined surface. Therefore, some measures have been desired for the present invention. It was devised in consideration of the circumstances, and its purpose is to surely remove air bubbles generated on the formwork surface and shorten the construction period even when the formwork surface is an inclined surface facing diagonally downward. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for removing air bubbles at the time of placing concrete, which is advantageous in terms of conversion and cost reduction.

上述の目的を達成するため、本発明は、斜め下向きの傾斜面を備えたコンクリート型枠の型枠面にコンクリートを打設するに際して、前記型枠面の下端で前記型枠面の気泡を除去すべき範囲の延在方向の全長に細長の移動体を配置しておき、前記型枠面にコンクリートを打設後、前記移動体を前記型枠面に沿わせて上方に移動させ、前記型枠面に滞留する気泡を除去するようにし、前記移動体の前記型枠面の下端への配置時、前記移動体の少なくとも長手方向の両端は、前記型枠面に係脱可能に保持されることを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、前記移動体の長手方向の両端にそれぞれ可撓可能な細長状部材が設けられ、前記移動体の上方への移動は、前記細長状部材を引き上げることでなされることを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、前記移動体の長手方向の両端にそれぞれ設けられた前記細長状部材は単一で、前記移動体は、前記細長状部材の長手方向の中間部で構成されていることを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、斜め下向きの傾斜面を備えたコンクリート型枠の型枠面にコンクリートを打設するに際して、前記型枠面の下端で前記型枠面の気泡を除去すべき範囲の延在方向の全長に細長の移動体を配置しておき、前記型枠面にコンクリートを打設後、前記移動体を前記型枠面に沿わせて上方に移動させ、前記型枠面に滞留する気泡を除去するようにし、前記移動体の長手方向の両端にそれぞれ可撓可能な細長状部材が設けられ、前記移動体の上方への移動は、前記細長状部材を引き上げることでなされ、前記移動体は、前記型枠面の下端で前記型枠面の気泡を除去すべき範囲の延在方向の全長に対応した長さで直線状に延在するロッドで構成されていることを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、斜め下向きの傾斜面を備えたコンクリート型枠の型枠面にコンクリートを打設するに際して、前記型枠面の下端で前記型枠面の気泡を除去すべき範囲の延在方向の全長に細長の移動体を配置しておき、前記型枠面にコンクリートを打設後、前記移動体を前記型枠面に沿わせて上方に移動させ、前記型枠面に滞留する気泡を除去するようにし、前記移動体の長手方向の両端にそれぞれ可撓可能な細長状部材が設けられ、前記移動体の上方への移動は、前記細長状部材を引き上げることでなされ、前記移動体は鋼製であり、気泡を除去すべき範囲に対応する前記型枠面と反対の前記コンクリート型枠の外面の延在方向に間隔をおいた複数箇所にそれぞれ上下方向に延在し前記移動体を吸着する細長状磁石が設けられていることを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、斜め下向きの傾斜面を備えたコンクリート型枠の型枠面にコンクリートを打設するに際して、前記型枠面の下端で前記型枠面の気泡を除去すべき範囲の延在方向の全長に細長の移動体を配置しておき、前記型枠面にコンクリートを打設後、前記移動体を前記型枠面に沿わせて上方に移動させ、前記型枠面に滞留する気泡を除去するようにし、前記移動体の長手方向の両端にそれぞれ可撓可能な細長状部材が設けられ、前記移動体の上方への移動は、前記細長状部材を引き上げることでなされ、前記コンクリート型枠は鋼製であり、前記移動体の長手方向の両端にそれぞれ設けられた前記細長状部材は単一で、前記移動体は、前記細長状部材の長手方向の中間部で支持された複数の磁石で構成されていることを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、斜め下向きの傾斜面を備えたコンクリート型枠の型枠面にコンクリートを打設するに際して、前記型枠面の下端で前記型枠面の気泡を除去すべき範囲の延在方向の全長に細長の移動体を配置しておき、前記型枠面にコンクリートを打設後、前記移動体を前記型枠面に沿わせて上方に移動させ、前記型枠面に滞留する気泡を除去するようにし、前記移動体は直線状に延在する鋼製部材であり、前記型枠面と反対の前記コンクリート型枠の外面に前記移動体を吸着する磁石を配置し、前記移動体の上方への移動は、前記磁石を上方に移動させることによりなされることを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention removes air bubbles on the formwork surface at the lower end of the formwork surface when concrete is placed on the formwork surface of the concrete formwork having a diagonally downward inclined surface. An elongated moving body is placed over the entire length of the extension direction in the range to be extended, concrete is placed on the formwork surface, and then the moving body is moved upward along the formwork surface to form the mold. At least both ends of the moving body in the longitudinal direction are held detachably on the form surface when the moving body is arranged at the lower end of the mold surface so as to remove air bubbles staying on the frame surface. characterized in that that.
Further, the present invention is characterized in that flexible elongated members are provided at both ends of the moving body in the longitudinal direction, and the moving body is moved upward by pulling up the elongated members. And.
Further, in the present invention, the elongated member provided at both ends of the moving body in the longitudinal direction is single, and the moving body is composed of an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the elongated member. It is a feature.
Further, in the present invention, when concrete is placed on the formwork surface of a concrete formwork having an inclined surface facing diagonally downward, the range in which air bubbles on the formwork surface should be removed is extended at the lower end of the formwork surface. An elongated moving body is arranged over the entire length in the direction, concrete is placed on the formwork surface, the moving body is moved upward along the formwork surface, and air bubbles staying on the formwork surface. The moving body is provided with flexible elongated members at both ends in the longitudinal direction, and the moving body is moved upward by pulling up the elongated member. Is characterized by being composed of a rod extending linearly at the lower end of the formwork surface with a length corresponding to the total length in the extending direction of the range in which air bubbles on the formwork surface should be removed.
Further, in the present invention, when concrete is placed on the formwork surface of a concrete formwork having an inclined surface facing diagonally downward, the range in which air bubbles on the formwork surface should be removed is extended at the lower end of the formwork surface. An elongated moving body is arranged over the entire length in the direction, concrete is placed on the formwork surface, the moving body is moved upward along the formwork surface, and air bubbles staying on the formwork surface. The moving body is provided with flexible elongated members at both ends in the longitudinal direction, and the moving body is moved upward by pulling up the elongated member. Is made of steel and extends vertically at a plurality of locations spaced in the extending direction of the outer surface of the concrete formwork opposite to the formwork surface corresponding to the range in which air bubbles should be removed. It is characterized in that an elongated magnet for attracting concrete is provided.
Further, in the present invention, when concrete is placed on the formwork surface of a concrete formwork having an inclined surface facing diagonally downward, the range in which air bubbles on the formwork surface should be removed is extended at the lower end of the formwork surface. An elongated moving body is arranged over the entire length in the direction, concrete is placed on the formwork surface, the moving body is moved upward along the formwork surface, and air bubbles staying on the formwork surface. The moving body is provided with flexible elongated members at both ends in the longitudinal direction, and the moving body is moved upward by pulling up the elongated member, and the concrete mold is used. The frame is made of steel, and the elongated member provided at both ends of the moving body in the longitudinal direction is single, and the moving body is supported by a plurality of intermediate portions in the longitudinal direction of the elongated member. It is characterized by being composed of magnets.
Further, in the present invention, when concrete is placed on the formwork surface of a concrete formwork having an inclined surface facing diagonally downward, the range in which air bubbles on the formwork surface should be removed is extended at the lower end of the formwork surface. An elongated moving body is arranged over the entire length in the direction, concrete is placed on the formwork surface, the moving body is moved upward along the formwork surface, and air bubbles staying on the formwork surface. The moving body is a steel member extending linearly, and a magnet for attracting the moving body is arranged on the outer surface of the concrete formwork opposite to the formwork surface, and the moving body is removed. The upward movement of the concrete is characterized by moving the magnet upward.

本発明によれば、型枠面の下端で型枠面の気泡を除去すべき範囲の延在方向の全長に細長の移動体を配置しておき、型枠面にコンクリートを打設後、移動体を型枠面に沿わせて上方に移動させることにより、型枠面に滞留する気泡を除去するようにした。
そのため、型枠面が長い場合や、型枠面の側方に作業スペースを確保できない場合であっても、型枠面に滞留しがちな気泡を確実に除去する上で有利となる。
したがって、硬化後のコンクリートの欠陥の補修作業を不要とし、コンクリート表面の強度や緻密性を向上させるとともに、工期の短縮化、コストダウンを図る上で有利となる。
また、本発明によれば、細長状部材を引き上げるといった簡単な操作により型枠面に滞留する気泡を除去する上で有利となる。
また、本発明によれば、コンクリート打設時に移動体が型枠面から離れることを防止できるので、移動体を確実に型枠面に沿って上方に移動させることができ、型枠面に滞留する気泡を確実に除去する上で有利となる。
また、本発明によれば、簡単な構成により型枠面に滞留する気泡を除去する上で有利となる。
また、本発明によれば、移動体が型枠面に接触する向きに常時付勢されているので、移動体を確実に型枠面に沿って上方に移動させることができ、型枠面に滞留する気泡を確実に除去する上で有利となる。 According to the present invention, an elongated moving body is arranged at the lower end of the formwork surface over the entire length in the extending direction in the range where air bubbles on the formwork surface should be removed, and concrete is placed on the formwork surface before moving. By moving the body upward along the formwork surface, air bubbles staying on the formwork surface were removed.
Therefore, even if the formwork surface is long or the work space cannot be secured on the side of the formwork surface, it is advantageous in surely removing the air bubbles that tend to stay on the formwork surface.
Therefore, it is not necessary to repair the defects of the concrete after hardening, and it is advantageous in improving the strength and fineness of the concrete surface, shortening the construction period, and reducing the cost.
Further, according to the present invention, it is advantageous in removing air bubbles staying on the mold surface by a simple operation such as pulling up the elongated member.
Further, according to the present invention, since it is possible to prevent the moving body from separating from the formwork surface when placing concrete, the moving body can be reliably moved upward along the formwork surface and stay on the formwork surface. It is advantageous in surely removing the bubbles.
Further, according to the present invention, it is advantageous in removing air bubbles staying on the mold surface by a simple structure.
Further, according to the present invention, since the moving body is constantly urged in the direction in which it comes into contact with the formwork surface, the moving body can be reliably moved upward along the formwork surface, and the moving body can be moved upward along the formwork surface. It is advantageous in surely removing the stagnant air bubbles.

第1の実施の形態のコンクリート打設時における気泡除去方法の第１の説明図であり、（Ａ）は擁壁をその長手方向の中間で破断した鉛直断面図、（Ｂ）は擁壁の正面図である。It is 1st explanatory view of the bubble removal method at the time of concrete placing of 1st Embodiment, (A) is the vertical sectional view which broke the retaining wall in the middle of the longitudinal direction, (B) is the retaining wall. It is a front view. 第1の実施の形態のコンクリート打設時における気泡除去方法の第２の説明図であり、（Ａ）は擁壁をその長手方向の中間で破断した鉛直断面図、（Ｂ）は擁壁の正面図である。It is a 2nd explanatory view of the bubble removal method at the time of concrete placing of 1st Embodiment, (A) is the vertical sectional view which broke the retaining wall in the middle of the longitudinal direction, (B) is the retaining wall. It is a front view. 第1の実施の形態のコンクリート打設時における気泡除去方法の第３の説明図であり、（Ａ）は擁壁をその長手方向の中間で破断した鉛直断面図、（Ｂ）は擁壁の正面図である。It is a 3rd explanatory view of the bubble removal method at the time of concrete placing of 1st Embodiment, (A) is the vertical sectional view which broke the retaining wall in the middle of the longitudinal direction, (B) is the retaining wall. It is a front view. 第1の実施の形態のコンクリート打設時における気泡除去方法の第４の説明図であり、（Ａ）は擁壁をその長手方向の中間で破断した鉛直断面図、（Ｂ）は擁壁の正面図である。It is a 4th explanatory view of the bubble removal method at the time of concrete placing of 1st Embodiment, (A) is the vertical sectional view which broke the retaining wall in the middle of the longitudinal direction, (B) is the retaining wall. It is a front view. 第２の実施の形態のコンクリート打設時における気泡除去方法の第１の説明図であり、（Ａ）は擁壁をその長手方向の中間で破断した鉛直断面図、（Ｂ）は擁壁の正面図である。It is 1st explanatory view of the bubble removal method at the time of concrete placing of 2nd Embodiment, (A) is the vertical sectional view which broke the retaining wall in the middle of the longitudinal direction, (B) is the retaining wall. It is a front view. 第２の実施の形態のコンクリート打設時における気泡除去方法の第２の説明図であり、（Ａ）は擁壁をその長手方向の中間で破断した鉛直断面図、（Ｂ）は擁壁の正面図である。It is a 2nd explanatory view of the bubble removal method at the time of concrete placing of 2nd Embodiment, (A) is the vertical sectional view which broke the retaining wall in the middle of the longitudinal direction, (B) is the retaining wall. It is a front view. 第２の実施の形態のコンクリート打設時における気泡除去方法の第３の説明図であり、（Ａ）は擁壁をその長手方向の中間で破断した鉛直断面図、（Ｂ）は擁壁の正面図である。It is a 3rd explanatory view of the bubble removal method at the time of concrete placing of 2nd Embodiment, (A) is the vertical sectional view which broke the retaining wall in the middle of the longitudinal direction, (B) is the retaining wall. It is a front view. 第２の実施の形態のコンクリート打設時における気泡除去方法の第４の説明図であり、（Ａ）は擁壁をその長手方向の中間で破断した鉛直断面図、（Ｂ）は擁壁の正面図である。It is a 4th explanatory view of the bubble removal method at the time of concrete placing of 2nd Embodiment, (A) is the vertical sectional view which broke the retaining wall in the middle of the longitudinal direction, (B) is the retaining wall. It is a front view. 第３の実施の形態のコンクリート打設時における気泡除去方法の第１の説明図であり、（Ａ）は擁壁をその長手方向の中間で破断した鉛直断面図、（Ｂ）は擁壁の正面図である。It is 1st explanatory view of the bubble removal method at the time of concrete placing of 3rd Embodiment, (A) is the vertical sectional view which broke the retaining wall in the middle in the longitudinal direction, (B) is the retaining wall. It is a front view. 第３の実施の形態のコンクリート打設時における気泡除去方法の第２の説明図であり、（Ａ）は擁壁をその長手方向の中間で破断した鉛直断面図、（Ｂ）は擁壁の正面図である。It is a 2nd explanatory view of the bubble removal method at the time of concrete placing of 3rd Embodiment, (A) is the vertical sectional view which broke the retaining wall in the middle of the longitudinal direction, (B) is the retaining wall. It is a front view. 第３の実施の形態のコンクリート打設時における気泡除去方法の第３の説明図であり、（Ａ）は擁壁をその長手方向の中間で破断した鉛直断面図、（Ｂ）は擁壁の正面図である。It is a 3rd explanatory view of the bubble removal method at the time of concrete placing of 3rd Embodiment, (A) is the vertical sectional view which broke the retaining wall in the middle of the longitudinal direction, (B) is the retaining wall. It is a front view. 第３の実施の形態のコンクリート打設時における気泡除去方法の第４の説明図であり、（Ａ）は擁壁をその長手方向の中間で破断した鉛直断面図、（Ｂ）は擁壁の正面図である。It is a 4th explanatory view of the bubble removal method at the time of concrete placing of 3rd Embodiment, (A) is the vertical sectional view which broke the retaining wall in the middle of the longitudinal direction, (B) is the retaining wall. It is a front view. 第４の実施の形態のコンクリート打設時における気泡除去方法の第１の説明図であり、（Ａ）は擁壁をその長手方向の中間で破断した鉛直断面図、（Ｂ）は擁壁の正面図である。It is 1st explanatory view of the bubble removal method at the time of concrete placing of 4th Embodiment, (A) is the vertical sectional view which broke the retaining wall in the middle of the longitudinal direction, (B) is the retaining wall. It is a front view. 第４の実施の形態のコンクリート打設時における気泡除去方法の第２の説明図であり、（Ａ）は擁壁をその長手方向の中間で破断した鉛直断面図、（Ｂ）は擁壁の正面図である。It is a 2nd explanatory view of the bubble removal method at the time of concrete placing of 4th Embodiment, (A) is the vertical sectional view which broke the retaining wall in the middle of the longitudinal direction, (B) is the retaining wall. It is a front view. 第４の実施の形態のコンクリート打設時における気泡除去方法の第３の説明図であり、（Ａ）は擁壁をその長手方向の中間で破断した鉛直断面図、（Ｂ）は擁壁の正面図である。It is a 3rd explanatory view of the bubble removal method at the time of concrete placing of 4th Embodiment, (A) is the vertical sectional view which broke the retaining wall in the middle in the longitudinal direction, (B) is the retaining wall. It is a front view. 第４の実施の形態のコンクリート打設時における気泡除去方法の第４の説明図であり、（Ａ）は擁壁をその長手方向の中間で破断した鉛直断面図、（Ｂ）は擁壁の正面図である。It is a 4th explanatory view of the bubble removal method at the time of concrete placing of 4th Embodiment, (A) is the vertical sectional view which broke the retaining wall in the middle of the longitudinal direction, (B) is the retaining wall. It is a front view. 第５の実施の形態のコンクリート打設時における気泡除去方法の第１の説明図であり、（Ａ）は擁壁をその長手方向の中間で破断した鉛直断面図、（Ｂ）は擁壁の正面図である。It is 1st explanatory view of the bubble removal method at the time of concrete placing of 5th Embodiment, (A) is the vertical sectional view which broke the retaining wall in the middle of the longitudinal direction, (B) is the retaining wall. It is a front view. 第５の実施の形態のコンクリート打設時における気泡除去方法の第２の説明図であり、（Ａ）は擁壁をその長手方向の中間で破断した鉛直断面図、（Ｂ）は擁壁の正面図である。It is a 2nd explanatory view of the bubble removal method at the time of concrete placing of 5th Embodiment, (A) is the vertical sectional view which broke the retaining wall in the middle of the longitudinal direction, (B) is the retaining wall. It is a front view. 第５の実施の形態のコンクリート打設時における気泡除去方法の第３の説明図であり、（Ａ）は擁壁をその長手方向の中間で破断した鉛直断面図、（Ｂ）は擁壁の正面図である。It is a 3rd explanatory view of the bubble removal method at the time of concrete placing of 5th Embodiment, (A) is the vertical sectional view which broke the retaining wall in the middle of the longitudinal direction, (B) is the retaining wall. It is a front view. 第５の実施の形態のコンクリート打設時における気泡除去方法の第４の説明図であり、（Ａ）は擁壁をその長手方向の中間で破断した鉛直断面図、（Ｂ）は擁壁の正面図である。It is a 4th explanatory view of the bubble removal method at the time of concrete placing of 5th Embodiment, (A) is the vertical sectional view which broke the retaining wall in the middle of the longitudinal direction, (B) is the retaining wall. It is a front view.

次に本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照して説明する。
なお、以下の実施の形態では、コンクリートを打設することにより擁壁を構築する場合について説明する。
図１（Ａ）に示すように、まず、地山１０が掘削されることで法面１２が形成される。
ここで法面１２とは、切土で形成されている場合や、切土に対して設けられた裏込め材で形成されている場合などを広く含み、擁壁１４を構築する際に用いられる従来公知の様々な手法が採用可能である。
そして、法面１２に対向してコンクリート型枠１６が設置され、コンクリート型枠１６の型枠面１６０２と法面１２との間に、コンクリート１８が打設されることで擁壁１４が構築される。
コンクリート型枠１６の型枠面１６０２は、下端１６０４を覆う傾斜面１６０２Ａとなっており、言い換えると、型枠面１６０２は、斜め下向きの傾斜面１６０２Ａとなっている。
このような擁壁構築の際のコンクリート打設時における気泡除去方法について説明する。 Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the following embodiment, a case where a retaining wall is constructed by placing concrete will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1 (A), first, the slope 12 is formed by excavating the ground 10.
Here, the slope 12 broadly includes the case of being formed of cut soil and the case of being formed of a backfill material provided for the cut soil, and is used when constructing the retaining wall 14. Various conventionally known methods can be adopted.
Then, the concrete formwork 16 is installed facing the slope 12, and the concrete 18 is placed between the formwork surface 1602 and the slope 12 of the concrete formwork 16 to construct the retaining wall 14. NS.
The formwork surface 1602 of the concrete formwork 16 is an inclined surface 1602A that covers the lower end 1604, in other words, the formwork surface 1602 is an inclined surface 1602A that faces diagonally downward.
A method of removing air bubbles at the time of placing concrete at the time of constructing such a retaining wall will be described.

（第１の実施の形態）
まず、図１（Ａ）、（Ｂ）に示すように、型枠面１６０２にコンクリート１８を打設する前に、型枠面１６０２の下端１６０４で型枠面１６０２の気泡を除去すべき範囲の延在方向の全長にわたり細長の移動体２０を配置する。
本実施の形態では、型枠面１６０２の長さが短いため、細長の移動体２０を、型枠面１６０２の下端１６０４で型枠面１６０２の延在方向の全長にわたって配置する。
第１の実施の形態では、移動体２０は可撓可能な細長状部材２２の長手方向の中間部２２０２で構成されている。
このような可撓可能な細長状部材２２として、鋼製のワイヤ、合成樹脂製の紐、合成樹脂製の釣り糸など従来公知の様々な材料が使用可能である。
詳細に説明すると、コンクリート１８の打設前に、型枠面１６０２の下端１６０４で型枠面１６０２の延在方向の全長に細長状部材２２の長手方向の中間部２２０２を延在させる。
また、型枠面１６０２の下端１６０４で型枠面１６０２の延在方向の少なくとも両端部に、細長状部材２２の長手方向の中間部２２０２の両端をクリップ２４を介して係脱可能に保持させておく。なお、両端に加え細長状部材２２の長手方向の中間部２２０２の間隔をおいた複数箇所を型枠面１６０２に係脱可能に保持させてもよい。
このように細長状部材２２の中間部２２０２の両端を型枠面１６０２に保持させておくことにより、コンクリート１８打設時にコンクリート１８から加わる力によって細長状部材２２の中間部２２０２が型枠面１６０２から離れることが防止されている。
また、細長状部材２２の両側部２２０４を気泡を型枠面１６０２の除去すべき範囲の両端から型枠面１６０２に沿わせて上方に延在させ、両側部２２０４の端部を型枠面１６０２の上方に露出させておく。 (First Embodiment)
First, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, a range in which air bubbles on the formwork surface 1602 should be removed at the lower end 1604 of the formwork surface 1602 before the concrete 18 is placed on the formwork surface 1602. An elongated moving body 20 is arranged over the entire length in the extending direction.
In the present embodiment, since the length of the formwork surface 1602 is short, the elongated moving body 20 is arranged at the lower end 1604 of the formwork surface 1602 over the entire length of the formwork surface 1602 in the extending direction.
In the first embodiment, the moving body 20 is composed of a longitudinally intermediate portion 2202 of the flexible elongated member 22.
As such a flexible elongated member 22, various conventionally known materials such as a steel wire, a synthetic resin string, and a synthetic resin fishing line can be used.
More specifically, before the concrete 18 is placed, the intermediate portion 2202 in the longitudinal direction of the elongated member 22 is extended to the entire length of the formwork surface 1602 in the extending direction at the lower end 1604 of the formwork surface 1602.
Further, at the lower end 1604 of the formwork surface 1602, at least both ends of the formwork surface 1602 in the extending direction are held at least at both ends of the intermediate portion 2202 in the longitudinal direction of the elongated member 22 so as to be detachable via a clip 24. back. In addition to both ends, a plurality of places spaced apart from the intermediate portion 2202 in the longitudinal direction of the elongated member 22 may be held on the formwork surface 1602 so as to be detachable.
By holding both ends of the intermediate portion 2202 of the elongated member 22 on the formwork surface 1602 in this way, the intermediate portion 2202 of the elongated member 22 becomes the formwork surface 1602 due to the force applied from the concrete 18 when the concrete 18 is placed. It is prevented from leaving.
Further, both side portions 2204 of the elongated member 22 are extended upward along the formwork surface 1602 from both ends of the range in which air bubbles should be removed from the formwork surface 1602, and the ends of the both side portions 2204 are extended to the formwork surface 1602. Expose above.

次いで、法面１２とコンクリート型枠１６の型枠面１６０２との間に、コンクリート１８を規定の高さまで打設する。
これにより細長状部材２２の長手方向の中間部２２０２は、型枠面１６０２の下端１６０４で型枠面１６０２の気泡を除去すべき範囲の延在方向の全長にわたってコンクリート１８に埋設された状態となる。
コンクリート１８の打設が終了したならば、図２（Ａ）、（Ｂ）、図３（Ａ）、（Ｂ）、図４（Ａ）、（Ｂ）に示すように、型枠面１６０２の上方に露出する細長状部材２２の端部のうちの一方をゆっくりと引き上げ、あるいは、型枠面１６０２の上方に露出する細長状部材２２の端部の双方をゆっくりと引き上げ、細長状部材２２の長手方向の中間部２２０２を型枠面１６０２に沿わせて上方に移動させていく。
そして最終的には、細長状部材２２の全体をコンクリート１８の上面から抜き出す。
細長状部材２２の長手方向の中間部２２０２の型枠面１６０２に沿った上方への移動により型枠面１６０２に滞留していた気泡は細長状部材２２の移動によって強制的に上方へ移動されてコンクリート１８の上方に排出され、これにより、型枠面１６０２に滞留する気泡が除去される。 Next, the concrete 18 is placed between the slope 12 and the formwork surface 1602 of the concrete formwork 16 to a specified height.
As a result, the intermediate portion 2202 in the longitudinal direction of the elongated member 22 is embedded in the concrete 18 at the lower end 1604 of the formwork surface 1602 over the entire length in the extending direction in the range where air bubbles in the formwork surface 1602 should be removed. ..
After the placement of the concrete 18 is completed, as shown in FIGS. 2 (A), (B), 3 (A), (B), 4 (A), and (B), the formwork surface 1602 Slowly pull up one of the ends of the elongated member 22 exposed above, or slowly pull up both ends of the elongated member 22 exposed above the formwork surface 1602 to form the elongated member 22. The intermediate portion 2202 in the longitudinal direction is moved upward along the formwork surface 1602.
Finally, the entire elongated member 22 is extracted from the upper surface of the concrete 18.
Bubbles staying in the formwork surface 1602 due to the upward movement of the intermediate portion 2202 in the longitudinal direction of the elongated member 22 along the formwork surface 1602 are forcibly moved upward by the movement of the elongated member 22. It is discharged above the concrete 18 to remove air bubbles stagnation on the formwork surface 1602.

本実施の形態の気泡除去方法によれば、コンクリート打設前に、型枠面１６０２の下端１６０４で型枠面１６０２の気泡を除去すべき範囲の延在方向の全長にわたって細長状部材２２の長手方向の中間部２２０２を配置しておき、コンクリート打設後、コンクリート型枠１６の上方スペースにおける作業により細長状部材２２の両側部２２０４の端部のうちの少なくとも一方を引き上げることで、細長状部材２２の長手方向の中間部２２０２を傾斜面１６０２Ａに沿って移動させ、傾斜面１６０２Ａに滞留しがちな気泡を除去するようにした。
そのため、型枠面１６０２が長い場合や、型枠面１６０２の側方に作業スペースを確保できない場合であっても、型枠面１６０２に滞留しがちな気泡を確実に除去する上で有利となる。
したがって、擁壁１４の欠陥の補修作業を不要とし、コンクリート表面の強度や緻密性を向上させるとともに、工期の短縮化、コストダウンを図る上で有利となる。 According to the bubble removing method of the present embodiment, the length of the elongated member 22 over the entire length in the extending direction in the range where the bubbles of the formwork surface 1602 should be removed at the lower end 1604 of the formwork surface 1602 before the concrete is placed. An intermediate portion 2202 in the direction is arranged, and after concrete is placed, at least one of the ends of both side portions 2204 of the elongated member 22 is pulled up by work in the space above the concrete form 16 to pull up the elongated member. The intermediate portion 2202 in the longitudinal direction of 22 was moved along the inclined surface 1602A to remove air bubbles that tend to stay on the inclined surface 1602A.
Therefore, even if the formwork surface 1602 is long or the work space cannot be secured on the side of the formwork surface 1602, it is advantageous in surely removing the air bubbles that tend to stay on the formwork surface 1602. ..
Therefore, it is not necessary to repair the defect of the retaining wall 14, and it is advantageous in improving the strength and fineness of the concrete surface, shortening the construction period, and reducing the cost.

また、引き上げる部材は可撓不能な剛体ではなく可撓可能な細長状部材２２であり、型枠面１６０２に沿って上方へ移動する部材も可撓可能な剛体ではなく可撓可能な細長状部材２２であるため、上方への移動時に細長状部材２２の長手方向の中間部２２０２が型枠面１６０２から離れることを防止し、中間部２２０２を型枠面１６０２に沿って上方へ移動させる上で有利となり、傾斜面１６０２Ａに滞留しがちな気泡を確実に除去する上で有利となる。
また、本実施の形態では、傾斜面１６０２Ａが平坦面で形成されている場合について説明したが、傾斜面１６０２Ａが湾曲面である場合であっても、引き上げる部材と上方へ移動する部材の双方が可撓可能な細長状部材２２であるため、上方への移動時に細長状部材２２の長手方向の中間部２２０２が型枠面１６０２から離れることを防止し、中間部２２０２を型枠面１６０２に沿って上方へ移動させる上でより有利となり、傾斜面１６０２Ａに滞留しがちな気泡を確実に除去する上でより有利となる。
なお、細長状部材２２の長手方向の中間部２２０２の上方への移動は、型枠面１６０２の気泡を除去すべき範囲の両端から細長状部材２２の両側部２２０４の端部の双方を引き上げることで行なってもよく、あるいは、細長状部材２２の両側部２２０４の端部の一方を引き上げることで行なってもよく、作業員の人数や作業スペースの都合に合わせて任意であり、作業の自由度を確保する上で有利となる。 Further, the member to be pulled up is not an inflexible rigid body but a flexible elongated member 22, and the member moving upward along the formwork surface 1602 is not a flexible rigid body but a flexible elongated member. Since it is 22, it is necessary to prevent the intermediate portion 2202 in the longitudinal direction of the elongated member 22 from separating from the formwork surface 1602 when moving upward, and to move the intermediate portion 2202 upward along the formwork surface 1602. This is advantageous, and is advantageous in reliably removing air bubbles that tend to stay on the inclined surface 1602A.
Further, in the present embodiment, the case where the inclined surface 1602A is formed of a flat surface has been described, but even when the inclined surface 1602A is a curved surface, both the pulling member and the member moving upward are used. Since it is a flexible elongated member 22, it prevents the intermediate portion 2202 in the longitudinal direction of the elongated member 22 from separating from the formwork surface 1602 when moving upward, and the intermediate portion 2202 is moved along the formwork surface 1602. It is more advantageous to move it upward, and it is more advantageous to surely remove air bubbles that tend to stay on the inclined surface 1602A.
The upward movement of the intermediate portion 2202 in the longitudinal direction of the elongated member 22 pulls up both ends of both side portions 2204 of the elongated member 22 from both ends of the range in which air bubbles should be removed from the formwork surface 1602. Alternatively, it may be performed by pulling up one of the ends of the both side portions 2204 of the elongated member 22, which is arbitrary according to the number of workers and the convenience of the work space, and the degree of freedom of work. It is advantageous in securing.

（第２の実施の形態）
次に第２の実施の形態について図５〜図８を参照して説明する。
なお、以下の実施の形態では、第１の実施の形態と同様の部分、部材については第１の実施の形態と同一の符号を付してその説明を省略する。
第２の実施の形態は、第１の実施の形態の変形例であり、移動体２０の構成が第１の実施の形態と異なっている。
図５（Ａ）、（Ｂ）に示すように、移動体２０は、直線状に延在するロッド２６で構成されている。
また、ロッド２６の長手方向の両端に結合された可撓可能な一対の細長状部材２８が設けられている。
このような可撓可能な細長状部材２８として、第１の実施の形態と同様に、鋼製のワイヤ、合成樹脂製の紐、合成樹脂製の釣り糸など従来公知の様々な材料が使用可能である。 (Second embodiment)
Next, the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 8.
In the following embodiments, the same parts and members as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted.
The second embodiment is a modification of the first embodiment, and the configuration of the moving body 20 is different from that of the first embodiment.
As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the moving body 20 is composed of a rod 26 extending linearly.
Further, a pair of flexible elongated members 28 connected to both ends in the longitudinal direction of the rod 26 are provided.
As the flexible elongated member 28, various conventionally known materials such as a steel wire, a synthetic resin string, and a synthetic resin fishing line can be used as in the first embodiment. be.

まず、図５（Ａ）、（Ｂ）に示すように、型枠面１６０２にコンクリート１８を打設する前に、ロッド２６を、型枠面１６０２の下端１６０４で型枠面１６０２の気泡を除去すべき範囲の延在方向の全長にわたり、すなわち、型枠面１６０２の下端１６０４で型枠面１６０２の延在方向の全長にわたって配置する。
また、型枠面１６０２の下端１６０４で型枠面１６０２の気泡を除去すべき範囲の延在方向の少なくとも両端部に、ロッド２６の長手方向の両端をクリップ２４を介して係脱可能に保持させておく。なお、ロッド２６の両端に加え、ロッド２６の長手方向の中間部の間隔をおいた複数箇所を型枠面１６０２に係脱可能に保持させてもよい。
また、一対の細長状部材２８をロッド２６の端部から型枠面１６０２に沿わせて上方に延在させ、それらの端部を型枠面１６０２の気泡を除去すべき範囲の延在方向の両端から型枠面１６０２の上方に露出させておく。 First, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, before placing the concrete 18 on the formwork surface 1602, the rod 26 is removed from the formwork surface 1602 by the lower end 1604 of the formwork surface 1602. It is arranged over the entire length of the extension direction of the range to be, that is, at the lower end 1604 of the formwork surface 1602 over the entire length of the formwork surface 1602 in the extension direction.
Further, at the lower end 1604 of the formwork surface 1602, at least both ends in the extending direction of the range in which the air bubbles in the formwork surface 1602 should be removed are held at least at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the rod 26 so as to be engageable and detachable via the clip 24. Keep it. In addition to both ends of the rod 26, a plurality of spaced portions in the middle portion in the longitudinal direction of the rod 26 may be held on the formwork surface 1602 so as to be detachable.
Further, a pair of elongated members 28 are extended upward from the end of the rod 26 along the formwork surface 1602, and the ends thereof are extended in the extending direction in a range in which air bubbles in the formwork surface 1602 should be removed. It is exposed above the formwork surface 1602 from both ends.

次いで、法面１２とコンクリート型枠１６の型枠面１６０２との間に、コンクリート１８を規定の高さまで打設する。
これによりロッド２６は、型枠面１６０２の下端１６０４で型枠面１６０２の気泡を除去すべき範囲の延在方向の全長にわたってコンクリート１８に埋設された状態となる。
コンクリート１８の打設が終了したならば、図６（Ａ）、（Ｂ）、図７（Ａ）、（Ｂ）、図８（Ａ）、（Ｂ）に示すように、型枠面１６０２の上方に露出する一対の細長状部材２８の端部のうちの一方をゆっくりと引き上げ、あるいは、型枠面１６０２の上方に露出する一対の細長状部材２８の端部の双方をゆっくりと引き上げ、ロッド２６を型枠面１６０２に沿わせて上方に移動させていく。
最終的には、ロッド２６の全体をコンクリート１８の上面から抜き出す。
ロッド２６の型枠面１６０２に沿った上方への移動により型枠面１６０２に滞留していた気泡はロッド２６の移動によって強制的に上方へ移動され、ロッド２６がコンクリート１８の上面から抜き取られると共に、気泡もコンクリート１８の上方に排出され、これにより、型枠面１６０２に滞留する気泡が除去される。
このような第２の実施の形態においても第１の実施の形態と同様の効果が奏される。 Next, the concrete 18 is placed between the slope 12 and the formwork surface 1602 of the concrete formwork 16 to a specified height.
As a result, the rod 26 is in a state of being embedded in the concrete 18 at the lower end 1604 of the formwork surface 1602 over the entire length in the extending direction in the range in which the bubbles of the formwork surface 1602 should be removed.
After the placement of the concrete 18 is completed, as shown in FIGS. 6 (A), (B), 7 (A), (B), 8 (A), and (B), the formwork surface 1602 Slowly pull up one of the ends of the pair of elongated members 28 exposed above, or slowly pull up both ends of the pair of elongated members 28 exposed above the formwork surface 1602 to rod. 26 is moved upward along the formwork surface 1602.
Finally, the entire rod 26 is pulled out from the upper surface of the concrete 18.
The air bubbles staying in the formwork surface 1602 due to the upward movement of the rod 26 along the formwork surface 1602 are forcibly moved upward by the movement of the rod 26, and the rod 26 is pulled out from the upper surface of the concrete 18. The air bubbles are also discharged above the concrete 18, whereby the air bubbles staying on the formwork surface 1602 are removed.
The same effect as that of the first embodiment is obtained in such a second embodiment.

（第３の実施の形態）
次に第３の実施の形態について図９〜図１２を参照して説明する。
第３の実施の形態は、第２の実施の形態の変形例であり、移動体２０を鋼製のロッド３０で構成し、ロッド３０の両端に結合された一対の細長状部材３２を設けると共に、コンクリート型枠１６に細長状磁石３４を設けたものである。
移動体２０は、直線状に延在する鋼製のロッド３０（鋼製部材）である。
一対の細長状部材３２は可撓可能であり、第１、第２の実施の形態と同様に、鋼製のワイヤ、合成樹脂製の紐、合成樹脂製の釣り糸など従来公知の様々な材料が使用可能である。
図９（Ａ）、（Ｂ）に示すように、細長状磁石３４は、気泡を除去すべき範囲に対応する型枠面１６０２と反対のコンクリート型枠１６の外面１６０６で外面１６０６の延在方向に間隔をおいた複数箇所にそれぞれ上下方向に、本実施の形態では、上下方向の全長にわたって延在して設けられている。
このような細長状磁石３４として、永久磁石、あるいは、電気磁石など従来公知の様々な磁石が使用可能である。 (Third embodiment)
Next, the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 12.
The third embodiment is a modification of the second embodiment, in which the moving body 20 is composed of a steel rod 30, and a pair of elongated members 32 connected to both ends of the rod 30 are provided. The concrete formwork 16 is provided with an elongated magnet 34.
The moving body 20 is a steel rod 30 (steel member) extending linearly.
The pair of elongated members 32 are flexible, and various conventionally known materials such as steel wires, synthetic resin strings, and synthetic resin fishing lines can be used as in the first and second embodiments. It can be used.
As shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, the elongated magnet 34 has an outer surface 1606 of the concrete formwork 16 opposite to the formwork surface 1602 corresponding to the range in which air bubbles should be removed, and the extending direction of the outer surface 1606. In the present embodiment, they are provided at a plurality of locations spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction, extending over the entire length in the vertical direction.
As such an elongated magnet 34, various conventionally known magnets such as permanent magnets and electric magnets can be used.

まず、図９（Ａ）、（Ｂ）に示すように、型枠面１６０２にコンクリート１８を打設する前に、ロッド３０を、型枠面１６０２の下端１６０４で型枠面１６０２の気泡を除去すべき範囲の延在方向の全長にわたり配置し、この状態で複数の細長状磁石３４の下端に吸着させておく。
また、一対の細長状部材３２をロッド３０の端部から上方に延在させて型枠面１６０２の上方に露出させておく。 First, as shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, before placing the concrete 18 on the formwork surface 1602, the rod 30 is removed from the formwork surface 1602 by the lower end 1604 of the formwork surface 1602. It is arranged over the entire length of the extending direction in the range to be to be extended, and in this state, it is attracted to the lower ends of the plurality of elongated magnets 34.
Further, the pair of elongated members 32 extend upward from the end of the rod 30 to be exposed above the formwork surface 1602.

次いで、法面１２とコンクリート型枠１６の型枠面１６０２との間に、コンクリート１８を規定の高さまで打設する。
これによりロッド３０は、型枠面１６０２の下端１６０４で型枠面１６０２の気泡を除去すべき範囲の延在方向の全長にわたってコンクリート１８に埋設された状態となる。
コンクリート１８の打設が終了したならば、図１０（Ａ）、（Ｂ）、図１１（Ａ）、（Ｂ）、図１２（Ａ）、（Ｂ）に示すように、型枠面１６０２の上方に露出する一対の細長状部材３２の端部のうちの一方をゆっくりと引き上げ、あるいは、型枠面１６０２の上方に露出する一対の細長状部材３２の端部の双方をゆっくりと引き上げ、ロッド３０を型枠面１６０２に沿わせて上方に移動させていく。
最終的には、ロッド３０をコンクリート１８の上面から抜き出す。
ロッド３０の型枠面１６０２に沿った上方への移動により型枠面１６０２に滞留していた気泡はロッド３０の移動によって強制的に上方へ移動され、ロッド３０がコンクリート１８の上面から抜き取られると共に、気泡もコンクリート１８の上方に排出され、これにより、型枠面１６０２に滞留する気泡が除去される。
このような第３の実施の形態においても第１の実施の形態と同様の効果が奏される。
また、ロッド３０は細長状磁石３４により型枠面１６０２に接触する向きに常時付勢されているので、型枠面１６０２に滞留している気泡をロッド３０によってより移動させ確実に除去する上で有利となる。
なお、第３の実施の形態では、鋼製のロッド３０を鋼製部材として用いたが、鋼製のワイヤを鋼製部材として用いても同様の効果が奏されることは無論である。
この場合、鋼製部材と細長状部材３２とは共にワイヤにより一体成形されることになる。 Next, the concrete 18 is placed between the slope 12 and the formwork surface 1602 of the concrete formwork 16 to a specified height.
As a result, the rod 30 is in a state of being embedded in the concrete 18 at the lower end 1604 of the formwork surface 1602 over the entire length in the extending direction in the range in which the bubbles of the formwork surface 1602 should be removed.
After the placement of the concrete 18 is completed, as shown in FIGS. 10 (A), (B), 11 (A), (B), 12 (A), and (B), the formwork surface 1602 Slowly pull up one of the ends of the pair of elongated members 32 exposed above, or slowly pull up both ends of the pair of elongated members 32 exposed above the formwork surface 1602 to rod. 30 is moved upward along the formwork surface 1602.
Finally, the rod 30 is pulled out from the upper surface of the concrete 18.
The air bubbles staying in the formwork surface 1602 due to the upward movement of the rod 30 along the formwork surface 1602 are forcibly moved upward by the movement of the rod 30, and the rod 30 is pulled out from the upper surface of the concrete 18. The air bubbles are also discharged above the concrete 18, whereby the air bubbles staying on the formwork surface 1602 are removed.
In such a third embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment is obtained.
Further, since the rod 30 is constantly urged by the elongated magnet 34 in the direction of contact with the mold surface 1602, the air bubbles staying on the mold surface 1602 can be more moved by the rod 30 to be reliably removed. It will be advantageous.
In the third embodiment, the steel rod 30 is used as the steel member, but it goes without saying that the same effect can be obtained even if the steel wire is used as the steel member.
In this case, both the steel member and the elongated member 32 are integrally molded by the wire.

（第４の実施の形態）
次に第４の実施の形態について図１３〜図１６を参照して説明する。
第４の実施の形態は、コンクリート型枠１６を鋼製とし、移動体２０は、可撓可能な細長状部材３６の長手方向の中間部３６０２で支持された複数の磁石３８で構成されている。
細長状部材３６の両側部３６０４は、複数の磁石３８の両端から露出している。
本実施の形態では、複数の磁石３８は、同形同大で断面が円環状を呈しており、その中心孔に細長状部材３６が挿通され、複数の磁石３８は、細長状部材３６の長手方向に移動不能に、かつ、回転可能に細長状部材３６の中間部３６０２で支持されている。
これにより、複数の磁石３８が型枠面１６０２に沿って転動し、上方への移動が円滑になされるように図られている。
このような磁石３８として、永久磁石、あるいは、電気磁石など従来公知の様々な磁石が使用可能である。
また、可撓可能な細長状部材３６として、第１〜第３の実施の形態と同様に、鋼製のワイヤ、合成樹脂製の紐、合成樹脂製の釣り糸など従来公知の様々な材料が使用可能である。
また、複数の磁石３８として電気磁石を用いた場合、細長状部材３６として各電気磁石に電流を供給するケーブルを用いてもよい。 (Fourth Embodiment)
Next, the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 to 16.
In the fourth embodiment, the concrete formwork 16 is made of steel, and the moving body 20 is composed of a plurality of magnets 38 supported by a longitudinal intermediate portion 3602 of the flexible elongated member 36. ..
Both side portions 3604 of the elongated member 36 are exposed from both ends of the plurality of magnets 38.
In the present embodiment, the plurality of magnets 38 have the same shape and the same size and have an annular cross section, and the elongated member 36 is inserted through the central hole thereof, and the plurality of magnets 38 are the longitudinal portions of the elongated member 36. It is supported by the intermediate portion 3602 of the elongated member 36 so as to be immovable in the direction and rotatable.
As a result, the plurality of magnets 38 roll along the formwork surface 1602 so that the magnets 38 move upward smoothly.
As such a magnet 38, various conventionally known magnets such as a permanent magnet or an electric magnet can be used.
Further, as the flexible elongated member 36, various conventionally known materials such as a steel wire, a synthetic resin string, and a synthetic resin fishing line are used as in the first to third embodiments. It is possible.
When an electric magnet is used as the plurality of magnets 38, a cable that supplies a current to each electric magnet may be used as the elongated member 36.

まず、図１３（Ａ）、（Ｂ）に示すように、型枠面１６０２にコンクリート１８を打設する前に、複数の磁石３８を、型枠面１６０２の下端１６０４で気泡を除去すべき範囲の型枠面１６０２の延在方向の全長に延在させた状態で、型枠面１６０２の下端１６０４に吸着させておく。
また、細長状部材３６の両側部３６０４を上方に延在させ、それらの端部を型枠面１６０２の上方に露出させておく。 First, as shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B, a range in which a plurality of magnets 38 are to be removed at the lower end 1604 of the formwork surface 1602 before the concrete 18 is placed on the formwork surface 1602. In a state of extending the entire length of the formwork surface 1602 in the extending direction, the formwork surface 1602 is attracted to the lower end 1604 of the formwork surface 1602.
Further, both side portions 3604 of the elongated member 36 are extended upward, and their ends are exposed above the formwork surface 1602.

次いで、法面１２とコンクリート型枠１６の型枠面１６０２との間に、コンクリート１８を規定の高さまで打設する。
これにより複数の磁石３８は、型枠面１６０２の下端１６０４で型枠面１６０２の気泡を除去すべき範囲の延在方向の全長にわたってコンクリート１８に埋設された状態となる。
コンクリート１８の打設が終了したならば、図１４（Ａ）、（Ｂ）、図１５（Ａ）、（Ｂ）、図１６（Ａ）、（Ｂ）に示すように、型枠面１６０２の上方に露出する細長状部材３６の両側部３６０４の一方の端部をゆっくりと引き上げ、あるいは、型枠面１６０２の上方に露出する細長状部材３６の両側部３６０４の双方の端部をゆっくりと引き上げ、複数の磁石３８を型枠面１６０２に沿わせて上方に移動させていく。
最終的には、複数の磁石３８をコンクリート１８の上面から抜き出す。
複数の磁石３８の型枠面１６０２に沿った上方への移動により型枠面１６０２に滞留していた気泡は複数の磁石３８の移動によって強制的に上方へ移動され、複数の磁石３８がコンクリート１８の上面から抜き取られると共に、気泡もコンクリート１８の上方に排出され、これにより、型枠面１６０２に滞留する気泡が除去される。
このような第４の実施の形態においても第１の実施の形態と同様の効果が奏される。
また、複数の磁石３８は鋼製のコンクリート型枠１６に吸着されることで型枠面１６０２に接触する向きに常時付勢されているので、型枠面１６０２に滞留している気泡を複数の磁石３８によってより移動させ確実に除去する上で有利となる。 Next, the concrete 18 is placed between the slope 12 and the formwork surface 1602 of the concrete formwork 16 to a specified height.
As a result, the plurality of magnets 38 are embedded in the concrete 18 at the lower end 1604 of the formwork surface 1602 over the entire length in the extending direction in the range in which the bubbles of the formwork surface 1602 should be removed.
After the placement of the concrete 18 is completed, as shown in FIGS. 14 (A), (B), 15 (A), (B), 16 (A), and (B), the formwork surface 1602 Slowly pull up one end of both sides 3604 of the elongated member 36 exposed above, or slowly pull up both ends of both sides 3604 of the elongated member 36 exposed above the formwork surface 1602. , A plurality of magnets 38 are moved upward along the mold surface 1602.
Finally, the plurality of magnets 38 are extracted from the upper surface of the concrete 18.
Bubbles staying in the formwork surface 1602 due to the upward movement of the plurality of magnets 38 along the formwork surface 1602 are forcibly moved upward by the movement of the plurality of magnets 38, and the plurality of magnets 38 are made of concrete 18. Along with being extracted from the upper surface of the concrete 18, bubbles are also discharged above the concrete 18, whereby the bubbles staying on the formwork surface 1602 are removed.
In such a fourth embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment is obtained.
Further, since the plurality of magnets 38 are constantly urged in the direction of contact with the formwork surface 1602 by being attracted to the steel concrete formwork 16, a plurality of air bubbles staying on the formwork surface 1602 are generated. It is advantageous to move it more by the magnet 38 and remove it reliably.

（第５の実施の形態）
次に第５の実施の形態について図１７〜図２０を参照して説明する。
第５の実施の形態は、移動体２０を鋼製のロッド４０で構成すると共に、磁石４２を用いてロッド４０を移動させるようにしたものである。
移動体２０は、直線状に延在するロッド４０（鋼製部材）で構成されている。
コンクリート型枠１６の型枠面１６０２の反対の外面１６０６には、案内部４４を介して磁石４２が設けられている。
案内部４４は、コンクリート型枠１６の外面１６０６で気泡を除去すべき範囲の全長に対応する外面１６０６の範囲に、外面１６０６の延在方向に間隔をおいた複数箇所でそれぞれ外面１６０６に沿って上下方向に移動可能に磁石４２を支持するものである。
本実施の形態では、案内部４４は、複数のガイドレール４４０２と、複数のスライダ４４０４とを含んで構成されている。
各ガイドレール４４０２は、コンクリート型枠１６の外面１６０６で外面１６０６の延在方向に間隔をおいた複数箇所に設けられ、それぞれ外面１６０６に沿って上下方向に延在している。
各スライダ４４０４は、ガイドレール４４０２に沿って移動可能にガイドレール４４０２に結合されている。
磁石４２は複数設けられ、複数の磁石４２はスライダ４４０４に取着され、スライダ４４０４を介してガイドレール４４０２に接触しつつ上下方向に移動可能に支持されている。
このような磁石４２として、永久磁石、あるいは、電気磁石など従来公知の様々な磁石が使用可能である。 (Fifth Embodiment)
Next, the fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 17 to 20.
In the fifth embodiment, the moving body 20 is composed of a steel rod 40, and the rod 40 is moved by using a magnet 42.
The moving body 20 is composed of a rod 40 (steel member) extending linearly.
A magnet 42 is provided on the outer surface 1606 opposite to the formwork surface 1602 of the concrete formwork 16 via a guide portion 44.
The guide portion 44 is provided along the outer surface 1606 at a plurality of locations spaced in the extending direction of the outer surface 1606 within the range of the outer surface 1606 corresponding to the total length of the range in which the air bubbles should be removed on the outer surface 1606 of the concrete formwork 16. It supports the magnet 42 so as to be movable in the vertical direction.
In the present embodiment, the guide portion 44 includes a plurality of guide rails 4402 and a plurality of sliders 4404.
Each guide rail 4402 is provided at a plurality of locations on the outer surface 1606 of the concrete formwork 16 at intervals in the extending direction of the outer surface 1606, and each extends in the vertical direction along the outer surface 1606.
Each slider 4404 is movably coupled to the guide rail 4402 along the guide rail 4402.
A plurality of magnets 42 are provided, and the plurality of magnets 42 are attached to the slider 4404 and supported so as to be movable in the vertical direction while being in contact with the guide rail 4402 via the slider 4404.
As such a magnet 42, various conventionally known magnets such as a permanent magnet or an electric magnet can be used.

まず、図１７（Ａ）、（Ｂ）に示すように、型枠面１６０２にコンクリート１８を打設する前に、複数の磁石４２をコンクリート型枠１６の外面１６０６の下端に位置させると共に、型枠面１６０２の下端１６０４でロッド４０を型枠面１６０２の延在方向に延在させた状態で複数の磁石４２に吸着させておく。 First, as shown in FIGS. 17A and 17B, before placing the concrete 18 on the formwork surface 1602, a plurality of magnets 42 are positioned at the lower ends of the outer surface 1606 of the concrete formwork 16 and the mold is formed. At the lower end 1604 of the frame surface 1602, the rod 40 is attracted to a plurality of magnets 42 in a state of extending in the extending direction of the mold surface 1602.

次いで、法面１２とコンクリート型枠１６の型枠面１６０２との間に、コンクリート１８を規定の高さまで打設する。
これによりロッド４０は、型枠面１６０２の下端１６０４で型枠面１６０２の気泡を除去すべき範囲の延在方向の全長にわたってコンクリート１８に埋設された状態となる。
コンクリート１８の打設が終了したならば、図１８（Ａ）、（Ｂ）、図１９（Ａ）、（Ｂ）、図２０（Ａ）、（Ｂ）に示すように、複数の磁石４２をガイドレール４４０２に沿ってゆっくりと上方に移動させ、複数の磁石４２に吸着されたロッド４０を型枠面１６０２に沿わせて上方に移動させていく。
最終的には、ロッド４０をコンクリート１８の上面から抜き出す。
ロッド４０の型枠面１６０２に沿った上方への移動により型枠面１６０２に滞留していた気泡はロッド４０の移動によって強制的に上方へ移動され、ロッド４０がコンクリート１８の上面から抜き取られると共に、気泡もコンクリート１８の上方に排出され、これにより、型枠面１６０２に滞留する気泡が除去される。
このような第５の実施の形態においても第１の実施の形態と同様の効果が奏される。
また、ロッド４０は複数の磁石４２により型枠面１６０２に接触する向きに常時付勢されているので、型枠面１６０２に滞留している気泡をロッド４０によってより移動させ確実に除去する上で有利となる。
また、複数の磁石４２を上方に移動させる作業は、コンクリート型枠１６の側方でなされるため、コンクリート型枠１６の上方に作業スペースを確保できない場合に有利となる。 Next, the concrete 18 is placed between the slope 12 and the formwork surface 1602 of the concrete formwork 16 to a specified height.
As a result, the rod 40 is in a state of being embedded in the concrete 18 at the lower end 1604 of the formwork surface 1602 over the entire length in the extending direction in the range in which the bubbles of the formwork surface 1602 should be removed.
After the placement of the concrete 18 is completed, a plurality of magnets 42 are attached as shown in FIGS. 18 (A), (B), 19 (A), (B), 20 (A), and (B). It is slowly moved upward along the guide rail 4402, and the rod 40 attracted to the plurality of magnets 42 is moved upward along the mold surface 1602.
Finally, the rod 40 is pulled out from the upper surface of the concrete 18.
The air bubbles staying in the formwork surface 1602 due to the upward movement of the rod 40 along the formwork surface 1602 are forcibly moved upward by the movement of the rod 40, and the rod 40 is pulled out from the upper surface of the concrete 18. The air bubbles are also discharged above the concrete 18, whereby the air bubbles staying on the formwork surface 1602 are removed.
In such a fifth embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment is obtained.
Further, since the rod 40 is constantly urged by the plurality of magnets 42 in the direction of contact with the mold surface 1602, the air bubbles staying on the mold surface 1602 can be more moved by the rod 40 to be reliably removed. It will be advantageous.
Further, since the work of moving the plurality of magnets 42 upward is performed on the side of the concrete formwork 16, it is advantageous when a work space cannot be secured above the concrete formwork 16.

なお、上記の実施の形態では、型枠面１６０２の長さが短いため、細長の移動体２０を、型枠面１６０２の下端１６０４で型枠面１６０２の延在方向の全長にわたって配置する場合について説明したが、型枠面１６０２が長い場合には、気泡を除去すべき範囲を型枠面１６０２の延在方向に分割し、分割された範囲毎に移動体２０をそれぞれ配置し、コンクリート１８の打設後、それらの移動体２０を上方に移動させればよい。
また、本実施の形態では、傾斜面１６０２Ａが平坦面で形成されている場合について説明したが、傾斜面１６０２Ａが湾曲面であり移動体２０が剛体である場合には、移動体２０が湾曲面に沿って移動できるように、移動体２０の水平状態を保って上方に移動させることが好ましく、この場合には、例えば、一対の細長状部材２８、３２、あるいは、細長状部材３６の両側部３６０４をほぼ同速度で引き上げることが望ましい。
また、第１〜第４の実施の形態では、作業員による手作業により移動体２０を上昇させ、第５の実施の形態では、作業員による手作業により磁石４２を上昇させた場合について説明したが、コンクリート型枠１６の外面１６０６にウィンチなどを配置するなど動力源を利用して移動体２０や磁石４２を上昇させてもよいことは無論のことである。
また、上記の実施の形態では、コンクリート１８を打設して擁壁１４を構築する場合について説明したが、本発明方法は、斜め下向きの傾斜面１６０２Ａを備えた型枠面１６０２にコンクリート１８を打設する場合であれば適用可能である。
例えば、本発明方法は、トンネルの内壁面にコンクリートを打設して二次覆工を行なう場合、あるいは、コンクリートを打設してコンクリート橋脚を構築する場合など従来公知の様々な建築物や構造物の構築に際してコンクリートを打設する場合に広く適用可能である。 In the above embodiment, since the length of the formwork surface 1602 is short, the elongated moving body 20 is arranged at the lower end 1604 of the formwork surface 1602 over the entire length of the formwork surface 1602 in the extending direction. As described above, when the formwork surface 1602 is long, the area where air bubbles should be removed is divided in the extending direction of the formwork surface 1602, and the moving body 20 is arranged in each of the divided areas, and the concrete 18 is formed. After casting, those moving bodies 20 may be moved upward.
Further, in the present embodiment, the case where the inclined surface 1602A is formed by a flat surface has been described, but when the inclined surface 1602A is a curved surface and the moving body 20 is a rigid body, the moving body 20 is a curved surface. It is preferable to keep the moving body 20 in a horizontal state and move it upward so that it can move along the above. In this case, for example, a pair of elongated members 28, 32, or both side portions of the elongated member 36. It is desirable to pull up 3604 at about the same speed.
Further, in the first to fourth embodiments, the moving body 20 is raised by manual work by a worker, and in the fifth embodiment, the case where the magnet 42 is raised by manual work by a worker is described. However, it goes without saying that the moving body 20 and the magnet 42 may be raised by using a power source such as arranging a winch or the like on the outer surface 1606 of the concrete form 16.
Further, in the above embodiment, the case where the concrete 18 is cast to construct the retaining wall 14 has been described, but in the method of the present invention, the concrete 18 is placed on the formwork surface 1602 provided with the inclined surface 1602A facing diagonally downward. It is applicable when casting.
For example, in the method of the present invention, various conventionally known buildings and structures are used, such as when concrete is placed on the inner wall surface of a tunnel for secondary lining, or when concrete is placed to construct a concrete pier. It is widely applicable when placing concrete when constructing objects.

１６ コンクリート型枠
１６０２ 型枠面
１６０２Ａ 傾斜面
１６０４ 下端
１６０６ 外面
１８ コンクリート
２０ 移動体
２２ 細長状部材
２２０２ 中間部
２６ ロッド
２８ 細長状部材
３０ ロッド
３２ 細長状部材
３４ 細長状磁石
３６ 細長状部材
３６０２ 中間部
３６０４ 両側部
３８ 磁石
４０ ロッド（鋼製部材）
４２ 磁石 16 Concrete formwork 1602 Formwork surface 1602A Inclined surface 1604 Lower end 1606 Outer surface 18 Concrete 20 Moving body 22 Elongated member 2202 Intermediate part 26 Rod 28 Elongated member 30 Rod 32 Elongated member 34 Elongated magnet 36 Elongated member 3602 Intermediate part 3604 Both sides 38 Magnet 40 Rod (steel member)
42 magnet

Claims (7)

斜め下向きの傾斜面を備えたコンクリート型枠の型枠面にコンクリートを打設するに際して、
前記型枠面の下端で前記型枠面の気泡を除去すべき範囲の延在方向の全長に細長の移動体を配置しておき、
前記型枠面にコンクリートを打設後、前記移動体を前記型枠面に沿わせて上方に移動させ、前記型枠面に滞留する気泡を除去するようにし、
前記移動体の前記型枠面の下端への配置時、前記移動体の少なくとも長手方向の両端は、前記型枠面に係脱可能に保持される、
ことを特徴とするコンクリート打設時における気泡除去方法。 When placing concrete on the formwork surface of a concrete formwork with a diagonally downward slope
At the lower end of the formwork surface, an elongated moving body is arranged over the entire length in the extending direction within the range in which air bubbles on the formwork surface should be removed.
After placing concrete on the formwork surface, the moving body is moved upward along the formwork surface to remove air bubbles staying on the formwork surface .
When the moving body is placed at the lower end of the formwork surface, at least both ends of the moving body in the longitudinal direction are held detachably on the formwork surface.
A method for removing air bubbles at the time of placing concrete. 前記移動体の長手方向の両端にそれぞれ可撓可能な細長状部材が設けられ、
前記移動体の上方への移動は、前記細長状部材を引き上げることでなされる、
ことを特徴とする請求項１記載のコンクリート打設時における気泡除去方法。 Flexible elongated members are provided at both ends of the moving body in the longitudinal direction.
The upward movement of the moving body is performed by pulling up the elongated member.
The method for removing air bubbles at the time of placing concrete according to claim 1. 前記移動体の長手方向の両端にそれぞれ設けられた前記細長状部材は単一で、
前記移動体は、前記細長状部材の長手方向の中間部で構成されている、
ことを特徴とする請求項２記載のコンクリート打設時における気泡除去方法。 The elongated member provided at both ends of the moving body in the longitudinal direction is single.
The moving body is composed of an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the elongated member.
The method for removing air bubbles at the time of placing concrete according to claim 2. 斜め下向きの傾斜面を備えたコンクリート型枠の型枠面にコンクリートを打設するに際して、
前記型枠面の下端で前記型枠面の気泡を除去すべき範囲の延在方向の全長に細長の移動体を配置しておき、
前記型枠面にコンクリートを打設後、前記移動体を前記型枠面に沿わせて上方に移動させ、前記型枠面に滞留する気泡を除去するようにし、
前記移動体の長手方向の両端にそれぞれ可撓可能な細長状部材が設けられ、
前記移動体の上方への移動は、前記細長状部材を引き上げることでなされ、
前記移動体は、前記型枠面の下端で前記型枠面の気泡を除去すべき範囲の延在方向の全長に対応した長さで直線状に延在するロッドで構成されている、
ことを特徴とするコンクリート打設時における気泡除去方法。 When placing concrete on the formwork surface of a concrete formwork with a diagonally downward slope
At the lower end of the formwork surface, an elongated moving body is arranged over the entire length in the extending direction within the range in which air bubbles on the formwork surface should be removed.
After placing concrete on the formwork surface, the moving body is moved upward along the formwork surface to remove air bubbles staying on the formwork surface.
Flexible elongated members are provided at both ends of the moving body in the longitudinal direction.
The upward movement of the moving body is performed by pulling up the elongated member.
The moving body is composed of a rod extending linearly at the lower end of the formwork surface with a length corresponding to the total length in the extending direction of the range in which air bubbles on the formwork surface should be removed.
A method for removing air bubbles at the time of placing concrete. 斜め下向きの傾斜面を備えたコンクリート型枠の型枠面にコンクリートを打設するに際して、
前記型枠面の下端で前記型枠面の気泡を除去すべき範囲の延在方向の全長に細長の移動体を配置しておき、
前記型枠面にコンクリートを打設後、前記移動体を前記型枠面に沿わせて上方に移動させ、前記型枠面に滞留する気泡を除去するようにし、
前記移動体の長手方向の両端にそれぞれ可撓可能な細長状部材が設けられ、
前記移動体の上方への移動は、前記細長状部材を引き上げることでなされ、
前記移動体は鋼製であり、
気泡を除去すべき範囲に対応する前記型枠面と反対の前記コンクリート型枠の外面の延在方向に間隔をおいた複数箇所にそれぞれ上下方向に延在し前記移動体を吸着する細長状磁石が設けられている、
ことを特徴とするコンクリート打設時における気泡除去方法。 When placing concrete on the formwork surface of a concrete formwork with a diagonally downward slope
At the lower end of the formwork surface, an elongated moving body is arranged over the entire length in the extending direction within the range in which air bubbles on the formwork surface should be removed.
After placing concrete on the formwork surface, the moving body is moved upward along the formwork surface to remove air bubbles staying on the formwork surface.
Flexible elongated members are provided at both ends of the moving body in the longitudinal direction.
The upward movement of the moving body is performed by pulling up the elongated member.
The moving body is made of steel and
An elongated magnet that extends vertically at a plurality of locations spaced in the extending direction of the outer surface of the concrete formwork opposite to the formwork surface corresponding to the range in which air bubbles should be removed, and attracts the moving body. Is provided,
A method for removing air bubbles at the time of placing concrete. 斜め下向きの傾斜面を備えたコンクリート型枠の型枠面にコンクリートを打設するに際して、
前記型枠面の下端で前記型枠面の気泡を除去すべき範囲の延在方向の全長に細長の移動体を配置しておき、
前記型枠面にコンクリートを打設後、前記移動体を前記型枠面に沿わせて上方に移動させ、前記型枠面に滞留する気泡を除去するようにし、
前記移動体の長手方向の両端にそれぞれ可撓可能な細長状部材が設けられ、
前記移動体の上方への移動は、前記細長状部材を引き上げることでなされ、
前記コンクリート型枠は鋼製であり、
前記移動体の長手方向の両端にそれぞれ設けられた前記細長状部材は単一で、
前記移動体は、前記細長状部材の長手方向の中間部で支持された複数の磁石で構成されている、
ことを特徴とするコンクリート打設時における気泡除去方法。 When placing concrete on the formwork surface of a concrete formwork with a diagonally downward slope
At the lower end of the formwork surface, an elongated moving body is arranged over the entire length in the extending direction within the range in which air bubbles on the formwork surface should be removed.
After placing concrete on the formwork surface, the moving body is moved upward along the formwork surface to remove air bubbles staying on the formwork surface.
Flexible elongated members are provided at both ends of the moving body in the longitudinal direction.
The upward movement of the moving body is performed by pulling up the elongated member.
The concrete formwork is made of steel and
The elongated member provided at both ends of the moving body in the longitudinal direction is single.
The moving body is composed of a plurality of magnets supported by an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the elongated member.
A method for removing air bubbles at the time of placing concrete. 斜め下向きの傾斜面を備えたコンクリート型枠の型枠面にコンクリートを打設するに際して、
前記型枠面の下端で前記型枠面の気泡を除去すべき範囲の延在方向の全長に細長の移動体を配置しておき、
前記型枠面にコンクリートを打設後、前記移動体を前記型枠面に沿わせて上方に移動させ、前記型枠面に滞留する気泡を除去するようにし、
前記移動体は直線状に延在する鋼製部材であり、
前記型枠面と反対の前記コンクリート型枠の外面に前記移動体を吸着する磁石を配置し、
前記移動体の上方への移動は、前記磁石を上方に移動させることによりなされる、
ことを特徴とするコンクリート打設時における気泡除去方法。 When placing concrete on the formwork surface of a concrete formwork with a diagonally downward slope
At the lower end of the formwork surface, an elongated moving body is arranged over the entire length in the extending direction within the range in which air bubbles on the formwork surface should be removed.
After placing concrete on the formwork surface, the moving body is moved upward along the formwork surface to remove air bubbles staying on the formwork surface.
The moving body is a steel member extending in a straight line.
A magnet that attracts the moving body is placed on the outer surface of the concrete formwork opposite to the formwork surface.
The upward movement of the moving body is made by moving the magnet upward.
A method for removing air bubbles at the time of placing concrete.
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