JP6975458B2 - Bone cutting tool - Google Patents

Bone cutting tool Download PDF

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JP6975458B2
JP6975458B2 JP2018071621A JP2018071621A JP6975458B2 JP 6975458 B2 JP6975458 B2 JP 6975458B2 JP 2018071621 A JP2018071621 A JP 2018071621A JP 2018071621 A JP2018071621 A JP 2018071621A JP 6975458 B2 JP6975458 B2 JP 6975458B2
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bone
blade
file
tip
blade body
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JP2019180541A (en
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尚文 宮谷
和樹 森実
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MIYATANI CO., LTD.
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MIYATANI CO., LTD.
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Priority to JP2018071621A priority Critical patent/JP6975458B2/en
Priority to PCT/JP2019/009589 priority patent/WO2019193929A1/en
Priority to CN201980003181.4A priority patent/CN110799139A/en
Priority to KR1020197036650A priority patent/KR102616102B1/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/14—Surgical saws ; Accessories therefor
    • A61B17/142—Surgical saws ; Accessories therefor with reciprocating saw blades, e.g. with cutting edges at the distal end of the saw blades
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/14—Surgical saws ; Accessories therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/14—Surgical saws ; Accessories therefor
    • A61B17/15—Guides therefor
    • A61B17/151—Guides therefor for corrective osteotomy
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/14—Surgical saws ; Accessories therefor
    • A61B17/15—Guides therefor
    • A61B17/154—Guides therefor for preparing bone for knee prosthesis
    • A61B17/157—Cutting tibia
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/1659—Surgical rasps, files, planes, or scrapers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/1662—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans for particular parts of the body
    • A61B17/1675—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans for particular parts of the body for the knee
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B2017/564—Methods for bone or joint treatment
    • A61B2017/565—Methods for bone or joint treatment for surgical correction of axial deviation, e.g. hallux valgus or genu valgus

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Description

本発明は、骨を切断するための骨切り器具に関する。 The present invention relates to an osteotomy device for cutting bone.

変形性膝関節症の治療法として、人工関節置換術や高位脛骨骨切り術が行われている。このような治療に用いられる手術器具としては、下記特許文献１乃至４に開示された切断器具や案内ガイド、固定治具等が提供されている。 As a treatment method for knee osteoarthritis, artificial joint replacement and high tibial osteotomy are performed. As surgical instruments used for such treatment, cutting instruments, guide guides, fixing jigs and the like disclosed in the following Patent Documents 1 to 4 are provided.

特開２０１５−１６０９５号公報JP-A-2015-16095 特開２０１２−５５５９７号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-55597 特開２０１３−２４０６９５号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-24609 特開２０１７−４６７８３号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2017-46783

ところで、高位脛骨骨切り術において、脛骨の外側から骨をくさび形に切除し、骨の外側を短縮させて矯正するクローズドウェッジ法では、骨を所定の先端角度のくさび形に切除する必要がある。このような場合、従来、骨切り刃を使って骨を所定の角度で二度切断することで、くさび形に切り取っている。 By the way, in the high tibial osteotomy, in the closed wedge method in which the bone is excised from the outside of the tibia in a wedge shape and the outside of the bone is shortened and corrected, it is necessary to excise the bone into a wedge shape with a predetermined tip angle. .. In such a case, conventionally, the bone is cut into a wedge shape by cutting the bone twice at a predetermined angle using a bone cutting blade.

しかし、骨切り刃を正確な切断位置及び切断角度にコントロールすることは非常に難しく、医師の力量によるところが大きい。したがって、従来、高位脛骨骨切り術を行うのが望ましい患者に対しても、医師の力量不足により高位脛骨骨切り術を行うことができない場合があった。 However, it is very difficult to control the osteotomy blade to an accurate cutting position and cutting angle, and it depends largely on the ability of the doctor. Therefore, in the past, even for patients for whom it was desirable to perform high tibial osteotomy, there were cases where high tibial osteotomy could not be performed due to lack of competence of the doctor.

本発明は、このような課題に鑑みてなされたものであり、一度の切除で所望の形状の骨を取り除くことのできる骨切り器具を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide an osteotomy device capable of removing a bone having a desired shape by a single excision.

上記課題を解決するために、本発明に係る骨切り器具は、骨の一部を切除するための骨切り器具において、所定の鋭角で交わる上面板及び下面板を備えるくさび形の刃本体であって、前記上面板と前記下面板が交差する先端縁に形成された先端ノコギリ刃と、前記上面板の表面に形成されたヤスリと、前記ヤスリの先端部に形成された上面ノコギリ刃と、を備え、前記骨に接触させた前記刃本体を幅方向に振動させることで、前記先端ノコギリ刃に接触する前記骨を切断すると共に、前記ヤスリに接触する前記骨を面研削し、前記骨をくさび形に切除する刃本体を備える。 In order to solve the above problems, the osteotomy instrument according to the present invention is a wedge-shaped blade body provided with an upper surface plate and a lower surface plate that intersect at a predetermined sharp angle in the osteotomy instrument for excising a part of bone. Te, the previous end saw edge formed at the tip edge in which the lower plate and the upper plate intersects a rasp formed on the surface of the top plate, and top saw blade formed at the distal end of the rasp, By vibrating the blade body in contact with the bone in the width direction, the bone in contact with the tip saw blade is cut, and the bone in contact with the file is surface-ground to obtain the bone. It is equipped with a blade body that cuts into a wedge shape.

本発明に係る骨切り器具によれば、先端ノコギリ刃で前方の骨を切断しつつ、ヤスリで面研削することにより、一度の切削で骨をくさび形に切除することができる。 According to the osteotomy tool according to the present invention, the bone can be cut into a wedge shape by one cutting by surface grinding with a file while cutting the anterior bone with a tip saw blade.

図１は、本発明の実施形態に係る骨切り器具の上方から見た斜視図である。FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the osteotomy device according to the embodiment of the present invention as viewed from above. 図２は、本発明の実施形態に係る骨切り器具の下方から見た斜視図である。FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the osteotomy device according to the embodiment of the present invention as viewed from below. 図３は、本発明の実施形態に係る骨切り器具の使用状態を示す模式図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a usage state of the osteotomy device according to the embodiment of the present invention. 図４は、本発明の実施形態に係る刃本体の上方斜視図である。FIG. 4 is an upward perspective view of the blade body according to the embodiment of the present invention. 図５は、本発明の実施形態に係る刃本体の下方斜視図である。FIG. 5 is a downward perspective view of the blade body according to the embodiment of the present invention. 図６は、本発明の実施形態に係る刃本体の平面図である。FIG. 6 is a plan view of the blade body according to the embodiment of the present invention. 図７は、本発明の実施形態に係る刃本体の側面図である。FIG. 7 is a side view of the blade body according to the embodiment of the present invention. 図８は、図４の一部拡大図である。FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged view of FIG.

以下、図面を参照しながら本発明の実施形態に係る骨切り器具について説明する。図１は、本実施形態に係る骨切り器具の上方斜視図である。図２は、本実施形態に係る骨切り器具の下方斜視図である。図３は、本実施形態に係る骨切り器具の使用状態を示す模式図である。 Hereinafter, the osteotomy device according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an upward perspective view of the osteotomy device according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a downward perspective view of the osteotomy device according to the present embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a usage state of the osteotomy device according to the present embodiment.

図４は、本実施形態に係る刃本体の上方斜視図である。図５は、本実施形態に係る刃本体の下方斜視図である。図６は、本実施形態に係る刃本体の平面図である。図７は、本実施形態に係る刃本体の側面図である。図８は、図４の一部拡大図である。 FIG. 4 is an upward perspective view of the blade body according to the present embodiment. FIG. 5 is a downward perspective view of the blade body according to the present embodiment. FIG. 6 is a plan view of the blade body according to the present embodiment. FIG. 7 is a side view of the blade body according to the present embodiment. FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged view of FIG.

骨切り器具１は、高速電動振動器具（1万回転／分）である骨鋸用ハンドピース６にセットして使用される器具である。骨切り器具１は、刃本体１０と、ハンドピース６に固定される固定用接続プレート３０とを備えている。刃本体１０と固定用接続プレート３０とは、固定ネジ３５により着脱可能に固定される。 The osteotomy instrument 1 is an instrument used by setting it on a handpiece 6 for a bone saw, which is a high-speed electric vibration instrument (10,000 rpm). The osteotomy instrument 1 includes a blade body 10 and a fixing connection plate 30 fixed to the handpiece 6. The blade body 10 and the fixing connection plate 30 are detachably fixed by a fixing screw 35.

刃本体１０は、上面板１２と下面板１３とが先端において所定の鋭角度で交差する、中空のくさび形状（三角柱形状）であり、先端縁に形成された先端ノコギリ刃１１と、上面に形成された上面ヤスリ１５と、上面ヤスリ１５の先端部に形成された上面ノコギリ刃２０とを備えている。 The blade body 10 has a hollow wedge shape (triangular prism shape) in which the upper surface plate 12 and the lower surface plate 13 intersect at a predetermined acute angle at the tip, and is formed on the tip saw blade 11 formed on the tip edge and the upper surface. The upper surface file 15 is provided, and the upper surface saw blade 20 formed at the tip of the upper surface file 15 is provided.

このように、先端ノコギリ刃１１と上面ヤスリ１５とを備える刃本体１０によれば、先端ノコギリ刃１１により先端側に位置する骨を切断しながら、上面ヤスリ１５により前方斜め上方に位置する骨を面研削することができ、一度の切断で、骨からくさび形の部分を切除することができる。 As described above, according to the blade main body 10 provided with the tip saw blade 11 and the upper surface file 15, the bone located on the tip side is cut by the tip saw blade 11 while the bone located diagonally upward forward by the upper surface file 15 is cut. It can be surface ground and a wedge-shaped part can be removed from the bone with a single cut.

刃本体１０の先端縁は、先端側に凸の円弧状であり、先端ノコギリ刃１１も円弧状である。刃本体１０がその幅方向、すなわち、先端ノコギリ刃１１の延在方向に高速振動すると、先端ノコギリ刃１１が接触する部分の骨が切断される。 The tip edge of the blade body 10 has an arc shape that is convex toward the tip side, and the tip saw blade 11 also has an arc shape. When the blade body 10 vibrates at high speed in the width direction, that is, in the extending direction of the tip saw blade 11, the bone at the portion where the tip saw blade 11 contacts is cut.

上面ヤスリ１５は、上面板１２上に整列設置された多数のヤスリ刃１６から構成されており、刃本体１０が幅方向に振動することで、上面ヤスリ１５の表面に接触する上方の骨を面研削する。 The upper surface file 15 is composed of a large number of file blades 16 arranged and installed on the upper surface plate 12, and when the blade body 10 vibrates in the width direction, the upper bone in contact with the surface of the upper surface file 15 is surfaced. Grind.

上面ヤスリ１５は、左右方向（幅方向）に二つの領域に二分割されており、手元側から見て右側半分（図６において上側半分）に位置する第一ヤスリ部１７と、手元側から見て左側半分（図６において下側半分）に位置する第二ヤスリ部１８とから構成されている。 The upper surface file 15 is divided into two regions in the left-right direction (width direction), and the first file portion 17 located on the right half (upper half in FIG. 6) when viewed from the hand side and the first file portion 17 when viewed from the hand side. It is composed of a second file portion 18 located on the left half (lower half in FIG. 6).

第一ヤスリ部１７と第二ヤスリ部１８とでは、境界部分を除き、ヤスリ刃１６の向きが逆になっている。第一ヤスリ部１７では、ヤスリ刃１６の刃表面１６ａが手元側から見て左側（幅方向内側）、刃裏面１６ｂが右側（幅方向外側）を向くように形成され、第二ヤスリ部１８では、ヤスリ刃１６の刃表面１６ａが手元側から見て右側（幅方向内側）、刃裏面１６ｂが左側（幅方向外側）を向くように形成されている。また、境界部分では、ヤスリ刃１６の向きは交互に逆になっている。 In the first file portion 17 and the second file portion 18, the directions of the file blade 16 are opposite to each other except for the boundary portion. In the first file portion 17, the blade surface 16a of the file blade 16 is formed so as to face the left side (inside in the width direction) and the back surface 16b of the blade faces the right side (outside in the width direction) when viewed from the hand side. The blade surface 16a of the file blade 16 is formed so as to face the right side (inside in the width direction) and the back surface 16b of the blade faces the left side (outside in the width direction) when viewed from the hand side. Further, at the boundary portion, the directions of the file blades 16 are alternately reversed.

ヤスリ刃１６は、主に、刃表面１６ａと刃裏面１６ｂとが交わる鋭角の角部が刃裏面１６ｂ側から骨と接触する際に、骨を切削する。したがって、刃本体１０が手元側から見て右側に移動する際には、主に第一ヤスリ部１７により骨を研削し、刃本体１０が左側に移動する際には、主に第二ヤスリ部１８により骨を研削する。 The file blade 16 mainly cuts the bone when the sharp corner where the blade front surface 16a and the blade back surface 16b intersect comes into contact with the bone from the blade back surface 16b side. Therefore, when the blade body 10 moves to the right side when viewed from the hand side, the bone is mainly ground by the first file portion 17, and when the blade body 10 moves to the left side, it is mainly the second file portion. The bone is ground by 18.

このように、上面ヤスリ１５を、ヤスリ刃１６が逆向きに設置された第一ヤスリ部１７と第二ヤスリ部１８とから構成することで、左右どちらの方向に移動する際にも、上方の骨を確実に研削することができる。 In this way, the upper surface file 15 is composed of the first file portion 17 and the second file portion 18 in which the file blade 16 is installed in the opposite direction, so that the upper surface file 15 can be moved upward in either direction. Bone can be reliably ground.

第一ヤスリ部１７と第二ヤスリ部１８は、真ん中付近で左右に二分割するのではなく、幅方向において、ヤスリ刃１６の向きを交互に逆にするように設置して分けても良い。また、ヤスリ刃１６の向きをランダムに設置するようにしても良い。 The first file portion 17 and the second file portion 18 may be installed and divided so that the directions of the file blades 16 are alternately reversed in the width direction, instead of being divided into two parts on the left and right near the center. Further, the direction of the file blade 16 may be randomly installed.

上面板１２において、先端ノコギリ刃１１と上面ヤスリ１５との間には、ヤスリ刃１６が形成されていない、すなわち、研削機能を備えていない緩衝帯２１が形成されている。ここで、一般に骨の構造は、表面側に硬い骨である皮質骨が位置し、内側に軟らかい骨である海綿骨が位置している。 In the upper surface plate 12, the file blade 16 is not formed between the tip saw blade 11 and the upper surface file 15, that is, a buffer band 21 having no grinding function is formed. Here, in general, the bone structure is such that the cortical bone, which is a hard bone, is located on the surface side, and the cancellous bone, which is a soft bone, is located inside.

また、先端ノコギリ刃１１が硬い皮質骨を切削している間に、上面ヤスリ１５も同時に皮質骨に接触すると、硬い皮質骨を面研削するのは難しいため、上面ヤスリ１５と皮質骨との間の摩擦により、刃本体１０が幅方向にスムーズに振動できなくなり、先端ノコギリ刃１１による切削の邪魔となる。 Further, if the upper surface grinder 15 also comes into contact with the cortical bone at the same time while the tip saw blade 11 is cutting the hard cortical bone, it is difficult to surface grind the hard cortical bone. Due to the friction of the blade body 10, the blade body 10 cannot vibrate smoothly in the width direction, which hinders cutting by the tip saw blade 11.

これに対して、本実施形態では、皮質骨の厚みに対応するように、先端ノコギリ刃１１と上面ヤスリ１５との間に、長さ2mmの緩衝体２１を設けることで、先端ノコギリ刃１１が硬い皮質骨を切削している間は、上面ヤスリ１５が皮質骨を研削しないように構成し、先端ノコギリ刃１１によるスムーズな皮質骨の切削を実現している。 On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the tip saw blade 11 is provided with a cushioning body 21 having a length of 2 mm between the tip saw blade 11 and the upper surface drill 15 so as to correspond to the thickness of the cortical bone. While the hard cortical bone is being cut, the upper surface file 15 is configured not to grind the cortical bone, and the tip saw blade 11 realizes smooth cutting of the cortical bone.

なお、緩衝帯２１の長さは適宜変更可能であるが、先端ノコギリ刃１１により良好に皮質骨を切削するためには、皮質骨の厚みを考慮し、緩衝帯２１の長さは1mm以上であるのが望ましい。 The length of the buffer band 21 can be changed as appropriate, but in order to cut the cortical bone well with the tip saw blade 11, the length of the buffer band 21 should be 1 mm or more in consideration of the thickness of the cortical bone. It is desirable to have it.

なお、上面板１２は下面板１３に対して所定の先端角度（本実施形態では15°）で傾斜しているが、緩衝体２１では、上面板１２は、下面板１３と平行に形成されている。これは、後述する上面ノコギリ刃２０の機能を良好に発揮させるためである。 The upper surface plate 12 is inclined at a predetermined tip angle (15 ° in the present embodiment) with respect to the lower surface plate 13, but in the shock absorber 21, the upper surface plate 12 is formed in parallel with the lower surface plate 13. There is. This is to make good use of the function of the upper surface saw blade 20, which will be described later.

さらに、本実施形態では、緩衝体２１と上面ヤスリ１５の境界部分である上面ヤスリ１５の先端縁には、上面ノコギリ刃２０が形成されている。上面ノコギリ刃２０は、先端ノコギリ刃１１と略平行に形成されているが、円弧状ではなく、直線状である。 Further, in the present embodiment, the upper surface saw blade 20 is formed on the tip edge of the upper surface file 15, which is the boundary portion between the buffer body 21 and the upper surface file 15. The upper surface saw blade 20 is formed substantially parallel to the tip saw blade 11, but is not arcuate but linear.

上面ノコギリ刃２０は、上面ヤスリ１５を構成するヤスリ刃１６のうち、最先端に位置する複数のヤスリ刃１６により構成されており、最先端のヤスリ刃１６の先端側の刃側面１６ｃと刃表面１６ａとが交わる鋭角の角部が、主に骨を切削する。 The upper surface saw blade 20 is composed of a plurality of file blades 16 located at the most advanced position among the file blades 16 constituting the upper surface file 15, and the blade side surface 16c on the tip side of the state-of-the-art file blade 16 and the blade surface. The sharp corners that intersect 16a mainly cut the bone.

このように、上面ヤスリ１５の先端に上面ノコギリ刃２０を設置することで、上面ヤスリ１５による面研削に先立って、上面ノコギリ刃２０により上面ヤスリ１５が接触する部分が切削されるため、上面ヤスリ１５による面研削をよりスムーズに素早く行うことが可能となる。 By installing the upper surface saw blade 20 at the tip of the upper surface file 15 in this way, the portion in contact with the upper surface file 15 is cut by the upper surface saw blade 20 prior to the surface grinding by the upper surface file 15, so that the upper surface file 15 is cut. The surface grinding by 15 can be performed more smoothly and quickly.

刃本体１０の上面板１２、下面板１３、左右両側の側面板１４には、多数の小孔２２が形成されている。骨切り器具１は、ハンドスピナー６により振動されるため、極力軽量化することが望ましい。よって、刃本体１０に多数の小孔２２を形成することで、刃本体１０の軽量化を実現している。 A large number of small holes 22 are formed in the upper surface plate 12, the lower surface plate 13, and the side surface plates 14 on both the left and right sides of the blade body 10. Since the osteotomy instrument 1 is vibrated by the hand spinner 6, it is desirable to reduce the weight as much as possible. Therefore, by forming a large number of small holes 22 in the blade main body 10, the weight of the blade main body 10 is reduced.

また、先端ノコギリ刃１１、上面ヤスリ１５及び上面ノコギリ刃２０により削られた骨の削り屑である切粉は、この小孔２２を通って中空の刃本体１０の内部に案内される。 Further, the chips, which are the shavings of the bone scraped by the tip saw blade 11, the upper surface file 15, and the upper surface saw blade 20, are guided to the inside of the hollow blade body 10 through the small holes 22.

そして、刃本体１０の後端側（手元側）の側面板１４には、大きな開口２４が形成されている。また、刃本体１０の下面は、大きく開口しており、後述する固定用接続プレート３０の嵌挿部３２は、刃本体１０の下面の長手方向長さの半分程度であるため、刃本体１０の下面は先端側が大きく開口している。 A large opening 24 is formed in the side plate 14 on the rear end side (hand side) of the blade body 10. Further, the lower surface of the blade body 10 has a large opening, and the fitting portion 32 of the fixing connection plate 30, which will be described later, is about half the length of the lower surface of the blade body 10 in the longitudinal direction. The lower surface has a large opening on the tip side.

よって、刃本体１０の内部中空に案内された切粉は、後端側面板１４の開口２４や、下面開口から外部に取り出されるため、術中の洗浄による切粉の除去が容易となる。 Therefore, the chips guided to the inner hollow of the blade body 10 are taken out from the opening 24 of the rear end side plate 14 and the lower surface opening, so that the chips can be easily removed by intraoperative cleaning.

固定用接続プレート３０は、刃本体１０の下面板１３に嵌め込まれて連結される嵌挿部３２と、ハンドピース６に固定されるのジョイント部３３とを備えている。 The fixing connection plate 30 includes a fitting portion 32 that is fitted and connected to the lower surface plate 13 of the blade body 10, and a joint portion 33 that is fixed to the handpiece 6.

以上、骨切り器具１の構成について説明したが、続いて、骨切り器具１の使用態様について説明する。骨切り器具１は、ジョイント部３３をハンドピース６の接続部に固定して使用され、ハンドピース６の駆動により、刃本体１０が幅方向に高速で振動する。 The configuration of the osteotomy instrument 1 has been described above, and subsequently, the usage mode of the osteotomy instrument 1 will be described. The osteotomy tool 1 is used by fixing the joint portion 33 to the connection portion of the handpiece 6, and the blade body 10 vibrates at high speed in the width direction by driving the handpiece 6.

高速振動状態の刃本体１０の先端を骨に接触させると、先端ノコギリ刃１１が接触する骨を切断する。この状態から、さらに刃本体１０を骨の内部へと押し進めると、先端ノコギリ刃１１が骨を切断しながら奥へと進み、続いて、上面ノコギリ刃２０と共に上面ヤスリ１５が骨と接触する。 When the tip of the blade body 10 in the high-speed vibration state is brought into contact with the bone, the tip saw blade 11 cuts the bone in contact with the bone. From this state, when the blade body 10 is further pushed into the bone, the tip saw blade 11 advances to the back while cutting the bone, and then the upper surface file 15 comes into contact with the bone together with the upper surface saw blade 20.

このとき、先端ノコギリ刃１１は、緩衝帯２１の長さの分だけ骨の内部に進んでおり、通常、骨の表面側に位置する硬い皮質骨を通過し、軟らかい内部の海綿骨に到達している。 At this time, the tip saw blade 11 advances to the inside of the bone by the length of the buffer band 21, usually passes through the hard cortical bone located on the surface side of the bone, and reaches the soft internal cancellous bone. ing.

骨と接触した上面ノコギリ刃２０は、刃本体１０が奥に進むに従って、皮質骨を切断しながら、奥へと進む。続いて、上面ヤスリ１５が前方斜め上方に位置する骨に面で接触し、刃本体１０が奥に進むに従って、接触する骨（皮質骨及び海綿骨）を進行方向斜め上方へと面で研削する。 The upper surface saw blade 20 in contact with the bone advances to the back while cutting the cortical bone as the blade body 10 advances to the back. Subsequently, the upper surface file 15 comes into contact with the bone located diagonally upward anteriorly, and as the blade body 10 advances to the back, the contacting bones (cortical bone and cancellous bone) are ground diagonally upward in the traveling direction. ..

以上、詳細に説明したように、本実施形態では、刃本体１０が奥に進むに従って、先端ノコギリ刃１１前方で接する骨を切断しつつ、上面板１２に形成された上面ヤスリ１５により斜め上方に骨を面で削るため、一度の切削で骨をくさび形に切除することができる。 As described above in detail, in the present embodiment, as the blade body 10 advances to the back, the bone in contact with the front of the tip saw blade 11 is cut, and the upper surface file 15 formed on the upper surface plate 12 diagonally upwards. Since the bone is cut on the surface, the bone can be cut into a wedge shape with a single cut.

さらに、刃本体１０は、所定の先端角度で上面板１２と下面板１３とが交差しており、骨の切除される部分は、刃本体１０のくさび形状と略同じくさび形状となる。クローズドウェッジ法により高位脛骨骨切り術では、高精度に所望のくさび形状に骨を除去する必要があり、切除部分の先端角度がずれていれば、治療に悪影響を与える。また、除去部分の先端が鋭角になっていなければ、骨の接合自体が困難となってしまう。 Further, in the blade body 10, the upper surface plate 12 and the lower surface plate 13 intersect at a predetermined tip angle, and the portion where the bone is excised has a wedge shape substantially similar to the wedge shape of the blade body 10. In high tibial osteotomy by the closed wedge method, it is necessary to remove the bone into the desired wedge shape with high accuracy, and if the tip angle of the excised part is deviated, the treatment is adversely affected. Further, if the tip of the removed portion is not sharp, it becomes difficult to join the bones themselves.

これに対して、本実施形態では、刃本体１０を使って一回切削するだけで、高精度に所望のくさび形状で正確に骨を除去できるため、手術時間を短縮して、患者の負担を大きく減らすことができると共に、医師の力量に左右されることなく、高位脛骨骨切り術の経験の浅い医師であっても良好な手術を行うことができる。 On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the bone can be removed accurately with a desired wedge shape by cutting once using the blade body 10, so that the operation time is shortened and the burden on the patient is reduced. It can be greatly reduced, and even a doctor who has little experience in high tibial osteotomy can perform good surgery without being influenced by the ability of the doctor.

ここで、骨切り器具１を提供する際には、先端角度（上面板１２と下面板１３との交差角）が異なる刃本体１０を複数セットにして提供するのが望ましい。高位脛骨骨切り術では、患者によって骨を傾ける角度が異なるため、骨から切除するくさび形部分の先端角度も異なる。よって、一度の切除で所望のくさび形部分を切除するためには、切除する部分と略同じ先端角度を有する刃本体１０を使用するのが望ましい。 Here, when providing the osteotomy tool 1, it is desirable to provide a plurality of sets of blade bodies 10 having different tip angles (intersection angles between the upper surface plate 12 and the lower surface plate 13). In high tibial osteotomy, the angle at which the bone is tilted differs depending on the patient, so the tip angle of the wedge-shaped part to be excised from the bone also differs. Therefore, in order to cut the desired wedge-shaped portion by one cutting, it is desirable to use the blade body 10 having substantially the same tip angle as the cut portion.

例えば、先端角度が6°、10°、12°、15°の刃本体１０と、1つの固定接続用プレート３０とをセットにして提供することで、患者に応じて刃本体１０を交換して固定接続用プレート３０に固定して使用することで、骨切り器具１をより多くの患者に使用することができる。 For example, by providing a blade body 10 having tip angles of 6 °, 10 °, 12 °, and 15 ° and one fixed connection plate 30 as a set, the blade body 10 can be replaced according to the patient. By fixing to the fixed connection plate 30 and using it, the osteotomy device 1 can be used for more patients.

以上、本発明に係る実施形態について説明したが、本発明は上述した実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の主旨を逸脱しない範囲内で種々の変形が可能である。例えば、骨切り器具を構成する部材の形状やサイズ、素材は適宜変更可能である。 Although the embodiments according to the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, the shape, size, and material of the members constituting the osteotomy instrument can be changed as appropriate.

また、本実施形態では、ヤスリを刃本体の上面にのみ設置したが、下面にのみ設置しても良いし、上面と下面の双方に設置しても良く、上面と下面の何れか一方にヤスリを設置することで、一度の切削でくさび形状の切除が可能となる。 Further, in the present embodiment, the file is installed only on the upper surface of the blade body, but it may be installed only on the lower surface, or it may be installed on both the upper surface and the lower surface, and the file may be installed on either the upper surface or the lower surface. By installing, it is possible to cut the wedge shape with one cutting.

また、上記実施形態では、刃本体の上面に設置されて面研削を行う面研削部材として、刃表面及び刃裏面を有する多数のヤスリ刃から構成されたヤスリを採用したが、面研削部材は、このようなヤスリに限定されるものではなく、種々の面研削部材を採用することができる。 Further, in the above embodiment, as a surface grinding member installed on the upper surface of the blade body and performing surface grinding, a file composed of a large number of file blades having a blade front surface and a blade back surface is adopted, but the surface grinding member is a surface grinding member. Not limited to such a file, various surface grinding members can be adopted.

例えば、ヤスリのヤスリ刃としては、断面形状が半円、三角形、菱形、四角形の刃など、種々の形状の刃を採用することができ、また、面研削部材として、ヤスリ以外の砥石、紙やすり等を用いることができる。 For example, as the file blade of the file, blades having various shapes such as a semicircular, triangular, diamond-shaped, and quadrangular blade can be adopted, and as a surface grinding member, a grindstone other than the file and sandpaper can be used. Etc. can be used.

また、本実施形態に係る骨切り器具は、高位脛骨骨切り術に限らず、骨をくさび形に切除する手術等に広く適用することができる。 Further, the osteotomy device according to the present embodiment can be widely applied not only to high tibial osteotomy but also to surgery for excising a bone in a wedge shape.

１ 骨切り器具
１０ 刃本体
１１ 先端ノコギリ刃
１２ 上面板
１３ 下面板
１４ 側面版
１５ 上面ヤスリ
１６ ヤスリ刃
１６ａ 刃表面
１６ｂ 刃裏面
１６ｃ 先端側刃側面
１７ 第一ヤスリ部
１８ 第二ヤスリ部
２０ 上面ノコギリ刃
２１ 緩衝帯
２２ 小孔
２４ 開口
３０ 固定用接続プレート
３２ 嵌挿部
３３ ジョイント部
３５ 固定ネジ
６ ハンドピース 1 Osteotomy tool 10 Blade body 11 Tip saw blade 12 Top plate 13 Bottom plate 14 Side plate 15 Top file 16 File blade 16a Blade surface 16b Blade back surface 16c Tip side blade side surface 17 First file part 18 Second file part 20 Top file Blade 21 Buffer band 22 Small hole 24 Opening 30 Fixing connection plate 32 Fitting part 33 Joint part 35 Fixing screw 6 Handpiece

Claims (2)

骨の一部を切除するための骨切り器具において、
所定の鋭角で交わる上面板及び下面板を備えるくさび形の刃本体であって、
前記上面板と前記下面板が交差する先端縁に形成された先端ノコギリ刃と、
前記上面板の表面に形成されたヤスリと、
前記ヤスリの先端部に形成された上面ノコギリ刃と、を備え、
前記骨に接触させた前記刃本体を幅方向に振動させることで、前記先端ノコギリ刃に接触する前記骨を切断すると共に、前記ヤスリに接触する前記骨を面研削し、前記骨をくさび形に切除する刃本体を備えること特徴とする骨切り器具。 In a bone cutting device for removing a part of bone,
A wedge-shaped blade body having a top plate and a bottom plate that intersect at a predetermined acute angle.
The previous end saw blades the lower plate and the upper plate is formed at the tip edge intersects,
The file formed on the surface of the top plate and
A top surface saw blade formed on the tip of the file is provided.
By vibrating the blade body in contact with the bone in the width direction, the bone in contact with the tip saw blade is cut, and the bone in contact with the file is surface-ground to form the bone into a wedge shape. An osteotomy device characterized by having a blade body to be excised. 前記上面ノコギリ刃は、前記ヤスリを構成するヤスリ刃により兼用で構成されていることを特徴とする請求項１記載の骨切り器具。 The top saw blade, osteotomy instrument according to claim 1, characterized by being constituted by shared by rasp blade constituting the front wire carrier Sri.
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