JP6972512B2 - Vehicle seat - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a vehicle seat, and more particularly to a vehicle seat including a seat back and a seat cushion.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-199447 (Patent Document 1) describes a vehicle seat. This vehicle seat has a seat cushion, a seat back, and a headrest, and the height of the seating surface on the back side of the seat cushion is lower than the height of the thigh holding portion and lower than the height of the pelvic holding portion. Is also low. In the invention described in Patent Document 1, by configuring the seat cushion in this way, it is possible to smoothly get on and off the vehicle while maintaining the holdability at the time of sitting.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2015-199447

However, it has become clear from the research of the present inventor that a seat with a satisfactory ride quality cannot be obtained simply by devising the shape of the seat cushion as in the invention described in Patent Document 1. That is, it is difficult for a seated occupant to maintain a correct driving position only by appropriately supporting the pelvis and the femur as in the invention described in Patent Document 1. As a result of repeated research focusing on the behavior of the human head while walking, the present inventor is a seated occupant by appropriately holding a specific part of the occupant's upper body in addition to the pelvis and femur. He found that he could naturally maintain a proper driving position as if he were walking. That is, by appropriately supporting each part of the seated occupant with a seat, it is possible to bring out the human's original motor ability (ability to maintain the dynamic balance of the head) that a walking person is performing at any time. , The occupant can naturally maintain the proper driving position. This has made it possible to provide a vehicle seat that is extremely comfortable to ride.
Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle seat in which an occupant can naturally maintain an appropriate driving position.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is a vehicle seat including a seat back and a seat cushion, wherein the seat back has a hip bone support portion for supporting the hip bone of a seated occupant and the hip bone support. It is provided above the portion and includes a thoracic support portion that supports the thoracic bone of the seated occupant, and is composed of a frame member and a cushion member that wraps the frame member. The hip bone support and thoracic support are provided in the area on the seat back including the position of the occupant from the state when the vehicle is accelerated by the accelerator pedal operation of the occupant, when the vehicle is stopped, or when the vehicle is running at a constant speed. The occupant is supported so that the head is moved in parallel with the hip bone, and the seat back has a spring constant at the position corresponding to the spinal column of the occupant seated on the vehicle seat at the thoracic support portion of the seat back surface. It is characterized in that it is configured to be 1 to 0.8 times the spring constant at the position corresponding to the spinal column of the occupant seated on the vehicle seat in the hip bone support portion.

When the vehicle accelerates, the occupant seated on the vehicle seat is pressed against the seat back of the vehicle seat by the acceleration. At this time, if the upper body of the occupant is not supported by an appropriate holding force, a force for rotating the occupant's head acts on the occupant's head. Therefore, the occupant needs to exert force on the neck so as to hold the head at an appropriate angle and position, and cannot easily maintain the posture. For example, when the upper body of the occupant is pressed against the seat back due to the acceleration of the vehicle, if the part of the seat back that holds the occupant's thorax is not displaced, the occupant's head is turned backward with the cervical spine as the fulcrum. The force that makes it work makes the ride uncomfortable. According to the present invention configured as described above, the seat back is configured so that the spring constant at the thoracic support portion is equal to or less than the spring constant at the hip bone support portion. Therefore, the occupant's thorax and head pressed against the seat back by acceleration are generally translated, and the force for backflip the head is reduced, so that the occupant can easily maintain an appropriate posture.

In the present invention, preferably, the seat cushion is configured such that the spring constant at the femur support portion is smaller than the spring constant at the ischial bone support portion.
In the vehicle seat of the present invention, the ischial support portion of the seat cushion supporting the ischial tuberosity is oriented substantially horizontally, and the femur support portion is inclined forward from the ischial bone support portion. For this reason, the pelvis of the occupant seated on the vehicle seat is naturally sandwiched by the ischial support between the seat back and the femur support, and the ischial tuberosity of the occupant is properly supported by the almost horizontal ischial support. NS. As a result, the occupant's spine is supported by the seat back in a state of drawing a natural S-shaped curve. However, if the femur support portion is configured to be inclined forward from the ischial bone support portion, there is a risk of hindering pedal operation by the occupant's legs. According to the present invention configured as described above, since the spring constant in the femur support portion is configured to be smaller than the spring constant in the ischium support portion, the femur support portion can be easily operated when the pedal is operated. It is possible to suppress the adverse effect on the pedal operation by the occupant.

In the present invention, the hip bone support is preferably provided so as to include a range of 70 mm to 230 mm vertically upward from the position of the ischial tuberosity of the seated occupant.
According to the present invention configured as described above, since the hip bone support portion is provided so as to include a range of 70 mm to 230 mm vertically upward from the position of the ischial tuberosity of the occupant in which the hip bone support portion is seated, it has various physiques. Can properly support the hip bones of the occupants.

In the present invention, the thorax support is preferably provided so as to include a range of 300 mm to 500 mm vertically above the position of the ischial tuberosity of the seated occupant.
According to the present invention configured as described above, since the thoracic support portion is provided so as to include a range of 300 mm to 500 mm vertically upward from the position of the ischial tuberosity of the occupant in which the thoracic support portion is seated, the occupant having various physiques. Can properly support the thorax.

In the present invention, the femur support is preferably provided so as to include a range of 80 mm to 250 mm horizontally anteriorly from the position of the ischial tuberosity of the seated occupant.
According to the present invention configured as described above, the femur support portion is provided so as to include a range of 80 mm to 250 mm horizontally anteriorly from the position of the ischial tuberosity of the occupant in which the femur support portion is seated. The femur of the occupant can be properly supported.

In the present invention, the ischial support is preferably provided so as to include a range of 60 mm to 150 mm horizontally anteriorly from the position of the posterior end of the hip bone of the seated occupant.
According to the present invention configured as described above, since the ischial support portion is provided so as to include a range of 60 mm to 150 mm horizontally anteriorly from the position of the posterior end of the hip bone of the seated occupant, various physiques are provided. Can properly support the pelvis of an occupant with.

According to the vehicle seat of the present invention, the occupant can naturally maintain an appropriate driving position.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the whole vehicle seat by embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the support of the skeleton of an occupant by the vehicle seat of the embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the support of the pelvis of an occupant by the vehicle seat of the embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the dimension of each part of the vehicle seat of the embodiment of this invention in detail. It is a figure which shows typically the movement of the spinal column when the vehicle is accelerated by the occupant who is seated in the vehicle seat according to the embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the movement of the spinal column when the vehicle decelerates, the occupant who is seated in the vehicle seat by embodiment of this invention. As a comparative example, it is a figure which shows typically the movement of the spinal column of a occupant who is seated in a conventional vehicle seat when the vehicle accelerates.

Next, a vehicle seat according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the entire vehicle seat according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating support of the skeleton of the occupant by the vehicle seat of the present embodiment. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating support of the pelvis of the occupant by the vehicle seat of the present embodiment. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing in detail the dimensions of each part of the vehicle seat of the present embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle seat 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention has a seat cushion 2, a seat back 4, and a headrest 6. The seat cushion 2, the seat back 4, and the headrest 6 are each composed of a metal frame, an elastic member, and a cushion member (not shown above) made of urethane or the like that encloses them. ..

The seat cushion 2 is provided at a substantially horizontally oriented ischial support portion 2a that supports the ischial tuberosity point 8a of the seated occupant D, and on the anterior side of the ischial support portion 2a, and is directed upward from the ischial support portion 2a. It is provided with a slanted femur support portion 2b. In addition, in this specification, "forward" of a vehicle seat 1 means the opposite direction of the side where a seat back 4 is provided. Further, although the vehicle seat 1 of the present embodiment is a seat for the driver's seat of the vehicle, the present invention can be applied to a vehicle seat other than the driver's seat such as the passenger seat of the vehicle.

The seat back 4 includes a hip bone support portion 4a that supports the hip bone of the seated occupant D, and a thoracic support portion 4b that is provided above the hip bone support portion 4a and supports the thoracic bone of the seated occupant D. I have.
The headrest 6 is attached to the upper end of the seat back 4 and is arranged so as to support the back of the head of the occupant D.

Next, with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, the support of the skeleton of the occupant by each part of the seat cushion 2 and the seat back 4 will be described. In FIGS. 2 and 3, the occupant D is shown as a skeleton for explanation.
As shown in FIG. 2, the occupant D seated on the vehicle seat 1 has the ischial tuberosity 8a, which is the lower end of the hip bone of the pelvis 8, and the periphery thereof from below by the ischial support portion 2a of the seat cushion 2. It is supported. Further, the occupant D is supported from diagonally below by the femur support portion 2b of the seat cushion 2 near the center of the femur 10. That is, since the femur support portion 2b of the seat cushion 2 is inclined so that the front of the vehicle seat 1 is high, the occupant D seated on the vehicle seat 1 is tilted to the rear of the vehicle seat 1 due to this inclination. The back is moderately pressed against the seat back 4. The preferable inclination angle of the femur support portion 2b with respect to the horizontal plane depends on the length in the height direction from the heel point to the hip point of the seated occupant. When the length is 255 mm, it is about 18 ° to 19 °, and when it is 300 mm, it is about 15 ° to 16 °.

Further, the occupant D has the posterior end portion 8b of the hip bone of the pelvis 8 supported from behind by the hip bone support portion 4a of the seat back 4. Further, the occupant D has its chest 12 supported from behind by the chest support portion 4b of the seat back 4 with the center of gravity point 12a of the chest as the center. Generally, the thoracic center of gravity point 12a is located near the 7th thoracic vertebra of the human body. Preferably, the thoracic support portion 4b is configured to support the thoracic spine 12 with an area centered on the thoracic center of gravity point 12a and covering about 2.5 thoracic vertebrae so that a large bending force does not act on the spinal column. do.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing the pelvis 8 of the occupant D supported by the vehicle seat 1. As shown in FIG. 3, the ischial tuberosity point 8a of the pelvis 8 of the occupant D is supported from below by the ischial support portion 2a oriented in a substantially horizontal direction. Further, since the back of the occupant D is appropriately pressed against the seat back 4 due to the inclination of the femur support portion 2b, the posterior end portion 8b of the hip bone of the pelvis 8 is supported from behind by the hip bone support portion 4a. .. In this way, the pelvis 8 of the occupant D is sandwiched between the lowered ischial support portion 2a of the vehicle seat 1 just by sitting naturally, and stands upright at an appropriate angle. Further, since the pelvis 8 of the occupant D is supported from two directions by the ischial tuberosity point 8a and the posterior end portion 8b of the hip bone, the pelvis 8 is held at an appropriate position and at an appropriate angle by the vehicle seat 1.

Next, with reference to FIG. 4, the positions of the respective parts in the vehicle seat 1 of the present embodiment will be described in detail.
As shown in FIG. 4, the ischial support portion 2a of the seat cushion 2 is provided so as to include a range of 60 mm or more and 150 mm or less horizontally forward from the position of the posterior end 8b of the hip bone of the seated occupant D. ..
Further, the femur support portion 2b of the seat cushion 2 is provided so as to include a range of 80 mm or more and 250 mm or less in the horizontal direction anteriorly from the position of the ischial tuberosity point 8a of the seated occupant D.

Further, the hip bone support portion 4a of the seat back 4 is provided so as to include a range of 70 mm or more and 230 mm or less vertically upward from the position of the ischial tuberosity point 8a of the seated occupant D.
Further, the thoracic support portion 4b of the seat back 4 is provided so as to include a range of 300 mm or more and 500 mm or less vertically upward from the position of the ischial tuberosity point 8a of the seated occupant D.
The positions of the ischium support portion 2a, the femur support portion 2b, the hip bone support portion 4a, and the thoracic support portion 4b are set based on the dimensions of the human body dummy model, and the height is set from a small model (AF05) having a height of 150 cm. It is set to support a large model (DM95) of 189 cm.

By appropriately setting the spring constants in each part of the vehicle seat 1 set in this way, it is possible to configure the vehicle seat 1 having a good ride quality. Here, the spring constant of each part of the vehicle seat 1 is measured using an FS measuring device. In the present embodiment, the spring constant k1 [N / mm] of the ischium support portion 2a is 200 [N] in a direction orthogonal to the surface of the ischium support portion 2a by applying a disk having a diameter of 200 mm to the surface of the ischium support portion 2a. It is calculated by 200 / X1 [N / mm] from the displacement amount X1 [mm] of the disk when the force of is applied. Similarly, for the spring constant k4 [N / mm] of the femur support portion 2b, a disk having a diameter of 200 mm was applied to the surface of the femur support portion 2b, and a force of 200 [N] was applied in a direction orthogonal to the surface. It is calculated by 200 / X4 [N / mm] from the displacement amount X4 [mm] of the disk at the time.

Further, the spring constant k2 [N / mm] of the hip bone support portion 4a is when a disk having a diameter of 100 mm is applied to the surface of the hip bone support portion 4a and a force of 100 [N] is applied in a direction orthogonal to the surface. It is calculated by 100 / X2 [N / mm] from the displacement amount X2 [mm] of the disk. The spring constant k3 [N / mm] of the thoracic support portion 4b is the displacement of the disk when a disk having a diameter of 100 mm is applied to the surface of the thoracic support portion 4b and a force of 100 [N] is applied in a direction orthogonal to the surface. It is calculated from the quantity X3 [mm] by 100 / X3 [N / mm].

In the present embodiment, the spring constant k1 of the ischial support portion 2a measured in this way is about 5 [N / mm], the spring constant k4 of the femoral support portion 2b is about 2 [N / mm], and the hip bone is open. The spring constant k2 of the support portion 4a is set to about 3 [N / mm], and the spring constant k3 of the thoracic support portion 4b is set to about 3 [N / mm].

Next, the operation of the vehicle seat 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 7.
FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing the movement of the spinal column of a occupant seated on the vehicle seat 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention when the vehicle accelerates. FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing the movement of the spinal column of a occupant seated on the vehicle seat 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention when the vehicle decelerates. As a comparative example, FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing the movement of the spinal column of a occupant seated on a conventional vehicle seat when the vehicle accelerates.

As shown in FIG. 5, the spinal column of the occupant D seated on the vehicle seat 1 is substantially at the position shown by the broken line 16 in FIG. 5 when the vehicle is stopped or traveling at a constant speed. When the vehicle accelerates from this state, the upper body of the occupant D is pressed against the seat back 4 by the inertial force. By being pressed against the seat back 4, the upper body of the occupant D sinks into the seat back 4. The displacement amount (sinking amount) of each part of the upper body at this time is mainly determined by the spring constant k2 of the hip bone support portion 4a and the spring constant k3 of the thoracic support portion 4b.

In the present embodiment, the spring constant k3 of the thoracic support portion 4b and the spring constant k2 of the hip bone support portion 4a are set to be substantially the same, so that the spinal column of the occupant D moves to the position shown by the solid line 16a in FIG. As a result, the head 14 of the occupant D is translated with the thorax 12. Preferably, the spring constant k3 of the thoracic support portion 4b is set to about 1 to about 0.8 times the spring constant k2 of the hip bone support portion 4a so that the head 14 of the occupant D and the thoracic 12 are substantially parallel. Can be moved. For this reason, almost no force for reversing the head 14 of the occupant D acts on the occupant D, and the occupant D exerts a force on the neck in order to maintain the posture of the head 14 even when the vehicle is accelerating. There is no need, and you can easily maintain a natural posture. That is, the occupant D can naturally maintain the posture of the head 14 as if he / she is walking, and can keep the direction of the line of sight stable even when the vehicle is accelerating.

On the other hand, in the conventional vehicle seat shown in FIG. 7 as a comparative example, the spinal column of the occupant D is moved from the position shown by the broken line 16 to the position shown by the solid line 16a when the vehicle is accelerating. As shown in FIG. 7, in the conventional vehicle seat, the amount of displacement of the chest support portion 4b during acceleration of the vehicle is small, so that the chest 12 of the occupant D is pushed forward relative to the head 14. As a result, a force that reverses the cervical vertebra 14a as a fulcrum acts on the head 14 of the occupant D. Therefore, when the vehicle is accelerating, the spinal column of the occupant D is moved to the position shown by the solid line 16a in FIG. 7, and as a result, the head 14 of the occupant D is backflip and the direction of the line of sight is blurred. In order to avoid such backflip of the head 14, the occupant D needs to exert a force on the neck to maintain the position of the head 14, which causes the occupant D to feel tired.

Next, as shown in FIG. 6, when the vehicle is decelerating (when the accelerator pedal is released and acceleration is completed), the spinal column of the occupant D, which has been sunk to the position of the solid line 16a in FIG. , It is pushed back to the position of the broken line 16 by the repulsive force of the seat back 4. In the vehicle seat 1 of the present embodiment, the spring constant k2 of the hip bone support portion 4a and the spring constant k3 of the thoracic support portion 4b are appropriately set, so that the seat back 4 repels at the end of acceleration of the vehicle. Due to the force, the spinal column of occupant D naturally returns to the position before acceleration. Preferably, by setting the vibration damping characteristic of the thoracic support portion 4b so that the resonance magnification of the thoracic support portion 4b is about 2 or less, the upper body of the occupant D bounces on the seat back 4 due to the repulsive force. Can be prevented.

Further, in the vehicle seat 1 of the present embodiment, the spring constant k4 of the femur support portion 2b is set to be smaller than the spring constant k1 of the ischium support portion 2a. Therefore, when the occupant D seated on the vehicle seat 1 pushes the accelerator pedal or the like, the femur support portion 2b is easily pushed down with a weak force, and the leg portion of the occupant D who operates the pedal or the like It doesn't get in the way. Preferably, the spring constant k4 of the femur support portion 2b is set to about 0.4 to about 0.6 times the spring constant k1 of the ischial bone support portion 2a.

According to the vehicle seat 1 of the embodiment of the present invention, the seat back is configured such that the spring constant k3 in the thoracic support portion 4b is equal to or less than the spring constant k2 in the hip bone support portion 4a (FIG. 4). .. Therefore, the thorax 12 and the head 14 of the occupant D pressed against the seat back 4 by the acceleration are substantially translated, the force for backflip the head 14 is reduced, and the occupant D easily maintains an appropriate posture. be able to.

Further, according to the vehicle seat 1 of the present embodiment, the spring constant k4 in the femur support portion 2b is configured to be smaller than the spring constant k1 in the ischium support portion 2a, so that the femur is operated when the pedal is operated. The bone support portion 2b is easily displaced, and the adverse effect of the occupant D on the pedal operation can be suppressed.

Further, according to the vehicle seat 1 of the present embodiment, the hip bone support portion 4a is provided so as to include a range of 70 mm to 230 mm vertically upward from the position of the ischial tuberosity point 8a of the occupant D on which the hip bone support portion 4a is seated. It is possible to properly support the hip bones of occupant D having various physiques.

Further, according to the vehicle seat 1 of the present embodiment, the thoracic support portion 4b is provided so as to include a range of 300 mm to 500 mm vertically upward from the position of the ischial tuberosity point 8a of the seated occupant D. It is possible to properly support the thorax 12 of the occupant D having the physique of.

Further, according to the vehicle seat 1 of the present embodiment, the femur support portion 2b is provided so as to include a range of 80 mm to 250 mm horizontally anteriorly from the position of the ischial tuberosity point 8a of the occupant D on which the femur support portion 2b is seated. , The femur 10 of the occupant D having various physiques can be properly supported.

Further, according to the vehicle seat 1 of the present embodiment, the ischial support portion 2a is provided so as to include a range of 60 mm to 150 mm horizontally forward from the position of the rear end 8b of the hip bone of the occupant D on which the seated bone support portion 2a is seated. Therefore, the pelvis 8 of the occupant D having various physiques can be properly supported.

1 Vehicle seat 2 Seat cushion 2a Ischium support 2b Femur support 4 Seat back 4a Hip bone support 4b Chest support 6 Headrest 8 Pelvis 8a Ischial nodal point 8b Posterior end of hip bone 10 Femur 12 Hip 12a Chest Center of gravity 14 Head 14a Cervical spine

Claims (4)

A vehicle seat consisting of a seat back and a seat cushion.
The seat back includes a hip bone support portion that supports the hip bones of a seated occupant, and a thoracic support portion that is provided above the hip bone support portion and supports the thoracic bone of the seated occupant, as well as a frame member. , And a cushion member that wraps this frame member,
The thoracic support is provided in an area on the seat back that includes the position of the thoracic center of gravity of the seated occupant.
The hip bone support portion and the thorax support portion move the occupant in parallel with the thoracic cage from the state when the vehicle is accelerated by the accelerator pedal operation of the occupant, when the vehicle is stopped, or when the vehicle is running at a constant speed. Support,
In the seat back, the spring constant at the position corresponding to the spinal column of the occupant seated on the vehicle seat on the thoracic support portion on the seat back surface is the vehicle seat on the hip bone support portion on the seat back surface. A vehicle seat characterized in that it is configured to be 1 to 0.8 times the spring constant at the position corresponding to the spinal column of the occupant seated in the vehicle. The spring constant in the thoracic support is the displacement of the disk when a disk having a diameter of 100 mm is pressed against the spinal column of the occupant seated on the vehicle seat on the thoracic support on the surface of the seat back with a force of 100 N. It is a value calculated from the amount X3 mm by 100 / X3, and the spring constant at the hip bone support portion is located at a position corresponding to the spinal column of the occupant seated on the vehicle seat at the hip bone support portion on the surface of the seat back. The vehicle seat according to claim 1, which is a value calculated by 100 / X2 from the displacement amount X2 mm of the disk when a disk having a diameter of 100 mm is pressed with a force of 100 N. The vehicle seat according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the seat back is configured such that the resonance magnification of the thoracic support portion is 2 or less. The vehicle seat according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the thoracic support portion is provided so as to include a range of 300 mm to 500 mm vertically upward from the position of the ischial tuberosity of the seated occupant.

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