JP6971286B2 - Simple building - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a greenhouse for plant cultivation and a simple warehouse. In particular, this technology is suitable for large pipe houses.

Greenhouse cultivation is attracting attention and is widespread as institutional agriculture.
In particular, the structural issues facing Japanese agriculture, the revitalization of agriculture, and the strengthening of competitiveness are required of agriculture. It is at a turning point such as the Agricultural Commerce and Industry Federation, the sixth industrialization, the TPP, and the entry of companies. As the industrialization of agriculture from the market, it is required to satisfy the factors such as stable quality, stable shipment quantity, and year-round supply.
From the perspective of producing and supplying agricultural products, if these three factors can be satisfied, stable sales destinations (markets) can be secured, and management can be stabilized, and businesses can be changed from family business to business. It can be expected to grow as an industry.
Greenhouse cultivation is effective as a means of planned cultivation and stable shipment by mitigating the effects of climate change and controlling the cultivation environment. It is one of the technically effective means to solve agricultural problems.

There is a demand for larger greenhouses for facility cultivation, and various proposals have been made.
For example, Patent Document 1 (Patent No. 5399676) proposes a multi-story agricultural greenhouse. The sides of adjacent greenhouses are connected so that agricultural machinery can move between adjacent greenhouses.
Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent No. 5607813) proposes a simple building in which arch materials of different sizes are alternately arranged to have durability against snow accumulation and the like.
Patent Document 3 (Registered Utility Model No. 3026099) proposes a greenhouse having a double arched frame.
Patent Document 4 (Japanese Patent No. 4646322) proposes a greenhouse having a frame in which arch materials are crossed in an X shape in a plan view and joined by girders provided in two upper and lower stages.
Patent Document 5 (Patent No. 3986002) proposes a large pipe house having a double pillar material.
These proposed greenhouses are based on pipes with a circular cross section. Outside the pipe material,
Steel frames are also used in glass greenhouses.
A large cultivation area can be realized by the continuous building, but there are columns between the buildings, which hinders the movement of equipment, and the connection structure such as drainage gutters is complicated, and snow accumulates in the valley, making it resistant to snow accumulation. It has a weak structure. In the cross-section circular pipe material, by combining large and small arch materials, an unusable part is generated in the side wall portion of the greenhouse.

Japanese Patent No. 5399676 Japanese Patent No. 5607813 Registered Utility Model No. 3026099 Japanese Patent No. 4646322 Japanese Patent No. 3986002

An object of the present invention is to develop a large simple building equipped with a new framework.

(1) An arch member erected on both sides and an arch member joined to the upper part of the pillar members on both sides via a shoulder joint member, and the arch members on both sides are joined via a ridge joint member at the top. It is a simple building in which frames with arch members to be joined are lined up, and the column members and arch members are pipe materials made of steel pipe with an octagonal cross section.
The shoulder joint member and the ridge joint member are sheath pipes for joining with an octagonal cross section.
The shoulder joint member is curved and has a connecting piece on the inner flat surface of the upper part.
The ridge joint member is a simple building characterized by being bent at the center.
(2) The simple building according to (1) , characterized in that the gable has an opening with a frontage of 300 cm or more.
(3) The simple building according to (1) or (2), wherein the lower portion of one arch member and the upper portion of the other arch member are connected by a cross tie bar.
(4) The simple building according to (3) , wherein horizontal tie bars are provided between the arch members on both sides.
(5) The simple building according to (4 ), wherein the arch member and the cross tie bar are connected by an oblique tie bar, and the horizontal tie bar and the top of the building are connected by a vertical tie bar.
(6) A cross tie bar is installed between the pillar member and the arch member on the same side, and a horizontal tie bar is provided between the parts of the arch members on both sides. The simple building described in (1), which is characterized by being provided with a diagonal tie bar.
(7) A purlin was provided at the top of the simple building, multiple girder members were provided in the depth direction from the purlin to the ground, an upper brace was provided in the arch part, and a side brace was provided in the erected pillar part. The simple building according to any one of (1) to (6) as a feature.
(8) The simple building according to any one of (1) to (7) , characterized in that a pile is provided in the lower layer of the cultivated soil to provide the necessary pull-out resistance.

By using a pipe material with an octagonal cross section as a structural material, it was possible to provide a simple building with a wide frontage and a high eave height. Agricultural cultivation houses can be enlarged, cultivation workability can be improved, large agricultural machinery can be used, cultivation space can be utilized, and advanced facility equipment can be introduced. The opening of the doorway provided on the gable side can also be made larger, and agricultural machinery and materials can be made larger.
The octagonal cross-section of the pipe material itself has high strength, and by using the surface, restraint is effective in the longitudinal joint of the pipe and the connection with other members, and twisting can be prevented more than the round shape.
Durability can be improved by providing an auxiliary structure such as a cross tie bar. In particular, we were able to achieve strength that can handle a large amount of snow.
By using a sheath tube for joining octagonal tube materials as the joining material, it can be easily joined. In particular, a structure that can withstand a large deformation stress can be realized by using a bonding material having a bonding piece with a cross tie bar. A pipe greenhouse with a frontage of 10 m or more and excellent snow resistance was realized.

Schematic diagram showing the cross-sectional structure of a highly durable simple building as an example. Schematic diagram showing the entrance / exit side gable structure of a highly durable simple building as an example Schematic diagram showing the side structure of a highly durable simple building as an example Schematic diagram showing the roof structure of a highly durable simple building as an example Schematic diagram showing the plane of a highly durable simple building as an example The figure which shows the cross-section octagonal pipe material The figure which shows the example of the sheath tube for joining The figure which shows the example of the cross-sectional structure of the simple building of this invention. Schematic diagram of load displacement test Graph diagram showing the results of the load displacement test

The simple building of the present invention is formed by using a pipe material having an octagonal cross section as a basic structural material.
In the basic cross-sectional structure, the octagonal tube material is used as the left and right pillar members, the octagonal tube material is connected as an arch member at the upper part, and the arch members are connected to each other at the top to form a basic cross-sectional structure. For these connections, a connecting sheath or a plug-in rod is used. A connection piece with a tie bar or the like can be attached to the scabbard officer. In addition, tie bars that improve the durability of compression in the height direction and lateral deformation applied to the building will be placed as needed.
With this cross-sectional structure as one frame, the greenhouses are erected at predetermined intervals in the depth direction, and the purlins and girders are arranged in the depth direction and connected. In addition, diagonal materials such as braces are provided to improve durability. The pile support structure improves the fall prevention effect that increases with the increase in size of the building.

A doorway will be provided on the gable side, and a skylight that can be opened and closed will be provided on the roof as needed.
By devising the arrangement of the tie bars, the durability can be improved and the design can be made according to the weather conditions such as snow and wind. In the present invention, the frontage is 10 m or more and the eave height is 2.5.
With a size of m or more, a snow-resistant load of 50 kg / m ² can be realized. Pile is set in the stable soil layer below the cultivated soil to improve the stability of the lightweight simple building.
The simple building of the present invention is mainly applied to an agricultural vinyl greenhouse used for plant cultivation.
It can also be used outside the greenhouse, for post-harvest sorting, packaging, agricultural work equipment and simple warehouses for cultivation materials.

[Embodiment]
FIGS. 1 to 5 show an example of a large pipe house which is an example of the simple building of the present invention.
FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional structure, FIG. 2 shows a doorway side gable structure, FIG. 3 shows a side structure of a simple building, FIG. 4 shows a roof surface structure, and FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a plane.
In the large pipe house of this example, frames having a cross-sectional structure shown in FIG. 1 are arranged at predetermined intervals, for example, 100 cm apart, and a gable surface having a doorway and a gable surface without a doorway shown in FIG. 2 are arranged at both ends. , The basic outer shell is constructed through the purlins and girders. A synthetic resin sheet is put on this basic outer shell to build a greenhouse for cultivation.
In this embodiment, a pipe material having an octagonal cross section is used as a main structural material such as a pillar member, an arch member, and a girder material. As the material of the pipe material, a steel pipe or an aluminum pipe is used as in the conventional case.

FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional structure of a frame, which is a basic unit.
The pillar member 11 is erected on the left and right, the arch member 12 is connected to the upper end side of the pillar member, and the left and right arch members 12, 12 are connected to form an outer peripheral frame. A joint member configured in a sheath tube is used for these connections. The pillar member 11 is provided so as to be slightly inclined inward.
Tie bars that reinforce this outer frame are arranged in the left-right direction. The tie bar is provided according to the degree of reinforcement, and is not limited to this example.
The cross tie bar 21 connects the lower part of one arch member 12 and the upper part of the other arch member 12. The intersections of the two cross tie bars are connected to prevent mutual deformation.
The horizontal tie bar 22 connects the left and right arch members 12, 12 in the horizontal direction. When the cross tie bar 21 is provided, the horizontal position is suitable near the upper end side connecting portion of the cross tie bar. By providing it at the upper end connecting portion of the cross tie bar, it is possible to prevent deformation due to stress concentrated on the upper end of the cross tie bar.

The vertical tie bar 23 hangs down from the top and connects to the horizontal tie bar 22. Increased resistance to components loaded in the vertical direction.
The diagonal tie bar 24 is provided so as to connect the intermediate portion of the arch member 12 and the intermediate portion of the cross tie bar 21. The intermediate position on the arch member side is near the middle of the upper and lower connection points of the cross tie bar. The intermediate position on the cross tie bar side is between the intersection and the lower end. The diagonal tie bar is an intermediate connecting member that suppresses deformation by being connected to each intermediate position.
In this example, the mounting positions of the horizontal tie bar and the diagonal tie bar with respect to the arch member are set to positions that are substantially divided into three in the longitudinal direction of the arch member. A girder member in the depth direction is arranged at this position.
Since a large load is applied to the cross tie bar, it is preferable to use an octagonal pipe material as in the column member and the arch member. For other tie bars, octagonal tube material or round tube material can be used.

FIG. 7 shows an example of a sheath tube for a joint. Since the sheath tube has a sheath tube structure, it is an inner octagonal tubular body into which a tube material having an octagonal cross section is inserted.
FIG. 7A shows the shoulder joint member 41. Since the pillar member 11 and the arch member 12 are bent and connected in a dogleg shape, the sheath tube is also bent in the same manner. The shoulder joint member 41 is a joint piece 41a attached to the sheath tube main body 46 and the upper part of the sheath tube main body by welding or the like.
, A screw hole 45 is provided in the upper and lower parts of the sheath tube. The coupling piece 41a is provided with a mounting hole 41b for coupling the lower end portion of the cross tie bar 21. The lower end of the cross tie bar and the connecting piece are attached to the shaft by attaching bolts or the like to both holes. Since a large amount of stress is applied to the lower end side joint of the cross tie bar, the shaft attachment shows higher safety than the clamp type joint that is tightened. By pressing the tip of the pipe material used for the cross tie bar to form it flat, the strength of the joint can be improved.
Initially, the cross tie bar and the shoulder joint member were connected using a clamp that tightens the outer circumference of the octagonal tube material, but when a large load was applied to the cross tie bar, adverse effects such as deformation of the clamp occurred. Therefore, it has been found that structurally high strength can be obtained by pressing the tip of the cross tie bar flat, providing a coupling piece on the shoulder joint member, and axially attaching both to each other with bolts or the like.
The bent portion is provided with a clamp for joining girder members horizontally arranged in the depth direction.
The screw hole 45 is provided for inserting a screw into the screw hole on the upper side of the inserted pillar member or the lower side of the arch member 12 to prevent these members and the shoulder joint member from being pulled out.
FIG. 7B shows the gable shoulder joint 44. Since a cross tie bar is not required on the gable surface, the shoulder joint member 41 is configured by removing the coupling piece 41a.
FIG. 7C shows the ridge joint member 42. The illustrated ridge joint member 42 is bent in a dogleg shape according to the inclination of the roof. Screw holes are provided as needed.
The ridge joint member 42 is provided with two plates 43 through which the purlins are passed. This example is a form in which a purlin is placed on the upper surface side of the top, where it is easy to provide a skylight or the like. If the purlins are not provided, a plate is not required, and if the purlins are passed through the lower surface side, a plate or clamp is provided on the bending inner surface side.

FIG. 2 shows the configuration of a gable with a doorway. A gable pillar and a horizontal crossbar are arranged on the gable surface to form a grid-like frame to form a large-area receiver. A door frame serving as an entrance / exit is provided in the central portion of the lower portion, and the door 6 is provided. An opening with a frontage of 300 cm and a height of 250 cm is also possible.
It is possible to increase the size of equipment such as agricultural machinery that goes in and out, and the efficiency of action increases.

FIG. 3 shows the side structure. Structural frames composed of pillar members 11 and arch members 12 are erected side by side for the depth length of the pipe house at predetermined intervals. In this example, 100c
The interval is about m.
The purlins are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the top, and a plurality of girder members are provided in the longitudinal direction from the purlins to the ground. In this example, from the purlin at the top, the arch girder members 32a and 32b and the pillar girder members 33a and 33b.
, The ground girder member 34 is arranged, and is connected to the arch member 12 ..., The pillar member 11 ..., respectively.
The pillar girder member 33a is provided at the height of the eaves. Specifically, the pillar member 11 and the arch member 12
Is provided at the bent portion of the shoulder joint member 41 to be joined.
The tip side of the pillar member is driven into the ground. The ground girder member 34 is connected to the ground where it has been driven. If there is a risk that the pipe house will rise and fall due to the wind, use additional piles to take measures against pulling out. Since the simple building of the present invention is large and the wind pressure is also large, it is important to provide piles as a measure against pulling out. The pile is connected to the ground girder member 34.
Octagonal pipes can be used for the ridge wood, but square pipes are suitable as mounting support members for skylights and the like. In this embodiment, a quadrangular pipe material is used.
Octagonal pipe material is used for the girder member and arch member.

On the side surface, an upper brace is provided in the arch portion and a side brace is provided in the column member portion to serve as a resistance material against torsional deformation with respect to the pipe house. In this embodiment, the arch brace 35 is provided as the upper brace, and the side brace 36 is provided as the side brace. These braces determine the placement according to the strength design. The brace is connected to the intersecting column members and arch members.
By using octagonal pipe members for the girder member, arch member and column member, the surface increases the binding force in the connection, and the overall strength of the pipe house is improved.

FIG. 4 shows the roof surface structure. Arch part girder members 32a, 32 from the purlin 31 arranged in the center
b, The column girder members are provided in parallel, and the arch brace 35 is diagonally arranged.
In this example, the skylight 7 is provided on the upper side of the purlin in view of the drawing, and the skylight receiving straight pipe 72 that receives the tip on the opening / closing side of the skylight is provided.

FIG. 5 shows a plane 5 of the building method. The pillar members do not go in and out and are lined up in a row, and there are some recesses in the entrance and exit on the gable side, but basically they are in a row. As a result, in the present invention, utilization efficiency such as cultivation is high.

FIG. 6 shows a pipe material having an octagonal cross section.
In the present invention, a pipe material having an octagonal cross section is used as the main structural material.
The outer and inner surfaces are octagonal. By making it an octagon, it is possible to deal with stress from all directions evenly, and it is possible to give direction by using the surface. For example, in the longitudinal joining by the inner octagonal sheath tube inserted into the outer surface of the octagon as the joining member, mutual twisting is prevented and the directionality can be specified. As seen in the shoulder joint member 41 described above, the coupling piece 41a can be easily welded to the outer surface of the sheath tube, and the direction of the coupling piece can also be specified. In the case of a round tube, welding is difficult because it is on a line, and it rotates even if it is intubated, so it lacks stability.
In addition, the clamp material can be prevented from rotating even when the pipe materials are connected to each other.
This octagonal pipe can be manufactured, for example, by forming a circular pipe.
The hole diameter and thickness are arbitrary, but it is preferable to reduce the types of octagonal pipes used in simple buildings and use them in common.
For example, a steel material with a minor axis of 39.5 mm, a major axis of 42.3 mm, and a thickness of 1.6 mm has a tensile strength of 590 N.
/ Mm ² and Young's modulus 205000 N / mm ² .
As the material, a general pipe material such as steel or aluminum can be used, and the steel material is plated for rust prevention. It is preferable to further apply a rust preventive coating to the portion to be embedded in the ground.
This octagonal pipe is a long material, and is prepared by cutting it to a specific length such as a pillar material or an arch material.

[Other embodiments]
FIG. 8 shows five types of A to E as examples of cross-sectional structures of the simple building of the present invention.
The present invention can realize a building having a large pipe structure with a frontage of 10 m or more. It has been confirmed that by devising the reinforcing structure of the tie bar, it is possible to realize a strength that can sufficiently cope with a snow load of ^{50 kg / m 2 or more.} It is a pipe structure that can be used from snow-free areas to snow-covered areas.
Type A has the structure shown in the above embodiment. By providing a cross tie bar, a horizontal tie bar, an oblique tie bar, and a vertical tie bar, sufficient snow resistance can be exhibited by suppressing the buckling of the gassho material and the tie bar. By providing the cross tie bar above the bent portion of the shoulder, the space below the shoulder can be sufficiently used, and a high eave height is realized.
The B type is provided with a cross tie bar and a horizontal tie bar. Although it has lower snow resistance than the A type, it can be used in places where there is not much snow because it can realize a large space.
The C type is provided with a cross tie bar. Although it has lower snow resistance than the B type, it can be used in places with little snow because it can realize a large space.
The D type is an example in which the pillar member is composed of an arch member and no tie bar is provided. It has low snow resistance and is suitable for snow-free areas.
In the E type, the cross tie bar is connected above the arch member on the same side surface from a position lower than the shoulder portion, and a horizontal tie bar and a V-shaped diagonal tie bar are provided at the upper part. This type can achieve sufficient snow resistance. On the other hand, since the cross tie bar is provided in the middle of the pillar member located at a position lower than the shoulder portion, the usability is limited. Since the height of the central part can be obtained, it is suitable for the form in which the central part is used high.
The A to D types can be used as the eave height up to the upper end of the pillar member, and can secure 2.5 m or more. If a height of about 2.5 to 3 m is secured, cultivation management of tall plants can be easily performed. For example, a light-shielding net or a heat insulating sheet can be provided above.
Even if these facilities are provided, a sufficient working height can be obtained and the height of the plant can be utilized.
Although the five types have been described, the present invention is not limited to this.

[Strength test]
[Loading test]
A weight was hung between a set of adjacent frames at intervals of 1 m to apply a load, and the displacement in the vertical direction and the displacement of both shoulders were measured to measure the displacement in the horizontal direction. See FIG.
Test model: A type, frontage 10.8m, eave height 2.5m, building height 5.3m, depth
It is 10.0 m.
Octagonal pipe material: Steel material, outer diameter 42.7 mm, 1.6 tough outer peripheral covering material: Greenhouse resin film Pillar spacing: 1 m
Load condition: A suspension load is applied between a pair of adjacent frames. The hanging interval is
The arch part was spaced 1 m apart. A weight with a load unit of 2.92 kg.
Test method: Displacements were measured at three points while gradually increasing the weight for weighting from 0. That
The results are shown in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing the results of the loading test.
The amount of displacement is shown on the vertical axis, and the load per location is taken on the horizontal axis.
The displacement in the vertical direction and the displacement of the left and right shoulders increase as the load increases, but 55
.. At 5 kg, it shows 89.9 mm, 31.6 mm, and 42.8 mm. As a pipe house, it was confirmed that the displacement was within the allowable range.

<Discussion>
The deformation limit set by the Japan Facility Gardening Association is that the deflection in the height direction is 1/60 or less of the frontage (≦ frontage L / 60), and the horizontal tilt of the top of the pillar is 1/35 or less (1/35 or less). ≤ Eave height h / 3
5).
Assuming a frontage of 10.8 m and an eave height of 2.5 m, the standard values are 180.0 mm and 71.
The upper limit is 4 mm.
From the results of this test, it was confirmed that it can sufficiently withstand a snowfall of 50 cm or more. The horticultural standard sets 1 kg per 1 cm of snow.
In addition to this test, load-bearing tests have been conducted for each type B to E to obtain knowledge about their durability. It is possible to design a pipe structure using octagonal pipes suitable for the place where the building is constructed.

We explained an A-type building with a frontage of 10.8 m using an octagonal pipe, but for a standard-sized pipe greenhouse with common materials, it is possible to easily determine the structure of the building according to snow conditions and location geological conditions. can.
The present invention is capable of constructing a wide, tall, lodging resistant and durable octagonal pipe building. When H-shaped steel is used for the pillar material of the greenhouse for cultivation, many other types of materials are required, but by using the octagonal pipe material, it can be constructed with a small number of types of materials, so it is assembled. Is easy and the cost can be reduced.

1 Cross-section structure 2 Gable surface 3 Side surface 4 Roof surface 5 Flat surface 6 Door 7 Skylight 8 Octagonal pipe cross section

11 Pillar member 12 Arch member

21 Cross tie bar 22 Horizontal tie bar 23 Vertical tie bar 24 Diagonal tie bar

31 Rafters 32a, 32b Arch girder members 33a, 33b Pillar girder members 34 Ground girder members 35 Arch braces 36 Side braces

41 Shoulder joint member 41a Bonding piece 41b Mounting hole

42 Building joint member 43 Plate (for purlin)
44 Gable shoulder joint 45 Screw hole 46 Sheath tube body

52 Clamp

72 Skylight receiving straight pipe

W Frontage H1 Building height H2 Eaves height D Depth

Claims (8)

It is an arch member that is joined to the pillar members erected on both sides via the shoulder joint member on the upper part of the pillar members on both sides, and the arch members on both sides are joined via the ridge joint member at the top. It is a simple building in which frames with arch members are lined up, and the column members and arch members are made of steel pipes with an octagonal cross section.
The shoulder joint member and the ridge joint member are sheath pipes for joining with an octagonal cross section.
The shoulder joint member is curved and has a connecting piece on the inner flat surface of the upper part.
The ridge joint member is a simple building characterized by being bent at the center. The wife surface, simple building according to claim 1, characterized in that it has an opening or frontage 300 cm. The simple building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lower portion of one arch member and the upper portion of the other arch member are connected by a cross tie bar. The simple building according to claim 3 , wherein horizontal tie bars are provided between the portions of the arch members on both sides. The simple building according to claim 4, wherein the arch member and the cross tie bar are connected by an oblique tie bar, and the horizontal tie bar and the top of the building are connected by a vertical tie bar. A cross tie bar is installed between the pillar member and the arch member on the same side, a horizontal tie bar is provided between the parts of the arch members on both sides, and a V-shaped diagonal tie bar is provided from the center of the horizontal tie bar to the arch members on both sides. The simple building according to claim 1 , wherein the building is provided with. It is characterized by having a purlin at the top of the simple building, multiple girder members in the depth direction from the purlin to the ground, an upper brace in the arch part, and a side brace in the erected pillar part. The simple building according to any one of claims 1 to 6. The simple building according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein a pile is provided in the lower layer of the cultivated soil to provide a necessary pull-out resistance.

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