JP6970510B2 - 微細藻類においてトリアシルグリセロールの産生を誘導するための一酸化窒素又は一酸化窒素供与体の使用 - Google Patents
微細藻類においてトリアシルグリセロールの産生を誘導するための一酸化窒素又は一酸化窒素供与体の使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6970510B2 JP6970510B2 JP2017014721A JP2017014721A JP6970510B2 JP 6970510 B2 JP6970510 B2 JP 6970510B2 JP 2017014721 A JP2017014721 A JP 2017014721A JP 2017014721 A JP2017014721 A JP 2017014721A JP 6970510 B2 JP6970510 B2 JP 6970510B2
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- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 112
- 239000002840 nitric oxide donor Substances 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 10
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 title description 7
- DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tristearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- ZIIQCSMRQKCOCT-YFKPBYRVSA-N S-nitroso-N-acetyl-D-penicillamine Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@@H](C(O)=O)C(C)(C)SN=O ZIIQCSMRQKCOCT-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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- 241000206744 Phaeodactylum tricornutum Species 0.000 claims description 8
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- -1 nitrite ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- QCRZCAKMRYXQNT-MRVPVSSYSA-N (2r)-3-methyl-3-nitrososulfanyl-2-(pentanoylamino)butanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)C(C)(C)SN=O QCRZCAKMRYXQNT-MRVPVSSYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- MUMXDRRTIYLYMY-YJKCNMNRSA-N (Z)-[dodecyl-[6-(dodecylazaniumyl)hexyl]amino]-oxido-oxidoiminoazanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[NH2+]CCCCCCN(CCCCCCCCCCCC)[N+](\[O-])=N\[O-] MUMXDRRTIYLYMY-YJKCNMNRSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- HYHSBSXUHZOYLX-WDSKDSINSA-N S-nitrosoglutathione Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(=O)N[C@@H](CSN=O)C(=O)NCC(O)=O HYHSBSXUHZOYLX-WDSKDSINSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 125000001477 organic nitrogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
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- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 8
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BEVHTVRRVVEMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [6'-acetyloxy-4-amino-2',7'-difluoro-5-(methylamino)-3-oxospiro[2-benzofuran-1,9'-xanthene]-3'-yl] acetate Chemical compound C12=CC(F)=C(OC(C)=O)C=C2OC2=CC(OC(C)=O)=C(F)C=C2C21OC(=O)C1=C(N)C(NC)=CC=C21 BEVHTVRRVVEMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241001221669 Ostreococcus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HXNZTJULPKRNPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N borinine Chemical compound B1=CC=CC=C1 HXNZTJULPKRNPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RAABOESOVLLHRU-UHFFFAOYSA-O diazenium Chemical compound [NH2+]=N RAABOESOVLLHRU-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
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- MHMNJMPURVTYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate Chemical compound O1C(=O)C2=CC(N=C=S)=CC=C2C21C1=CC=C(O)C=C1OC1=CC(O)=CC=C21 MHMNJMPURVTYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(O)=O FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Description
この生物資源は動物又はヒトの栄養補給に用いられる農業資源と競合しない。
藻類の増殖は他のヒトの活動により生じた無機老廃物及び有機老廃物を再利用する環境に優しいプロセスにて制御及び閉鎖条件下でモニタリングすることができ、微細藻類を使用することで、産業副産ガス(例えばCO2)を捕捉し、有益な有機分子へと変換させることが可能である(非特許文献2、非特許文献3、非特許文献8)。
藻類のバイオマス生産性が高く、微細藻類はコストを抑えつつも陸上植物に比べて非常に高い生産能を示す(表2を参照されたい)。その収率は多様であり、用いられる培養アプローチによって決まる:収率はオープンポンド系では比較的低く、培養パラメータが制御可能な閉じたフォトバイオリアクタでは大きく増大することができる。
この生物資源は立地又は季節に左右されない。
S−ニトロソ−N−アセチルペニシラミン(SNAP)
S−ニトロソ−N−バレリルペニシラミン(SNVP)
スキーム3:S−ニトロソチオールの例
上記のTAGの蓄積を誘起する方法に規定される工程(i)及び工程(ii)と、
例えばZhang et al., Bioresource Technology 147 (2013) 59-64に記載されているような工程(ii)で回収したトリアシルグリセロールをエステル交換する工程(iii)と、任意に、
得られたエステル交換したトリアシルグリセロールを回収する工程(iv)と、
を含む、バイオ燃料を作製する方法に関する。
細胞培養
フェオダクチラム・トリコルヌタム(Pt1)ボーリン株8.6 CCMP2561(海洋植物プランクトンカルチャーコレクション(Culture Collection of Marine Phytoplankton)、現在ではNCMA:国立海洋藻類及びミクロビオームセンター(National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota)としても知られる)を全ての実験で使用した。Pt1を、「10×ESAW」と呼ばれる10倍濃縮窒素及びリン酸塩源(5.49×10−3M NaNO3及び2.24×10−4 NaH3PO4)を用いた人工海水(ESAW)培地(培地の組成は表1を参照されたい)、又は窒素枯渇培地の入った250mL容のフラスコ内にて20℃で増殖させた。細胞を12時間:12時間の明(30μE/m2/秒)/暗サイクルにて増殖させた。新鮮培地を用いて1ml当たり1×106の細胞を接種させることにより1週間に2回細胞を継代培養した。増殖はマラッセ計算板を用いて細胞数により、又はプレートリーダーを用いて750nmでの吸光により評価した。
S−ニトロソ−N−アセチルペニシラミン(SNAP)は溶解することでNOを自然放出する化合物である。ニトロソ−アセチルペニシラミン(NAP)はNOを放出しない非活性化合物として使用されるものであることから、対照実験に使用することができる。
フルオロフォアである4−アミノ−5−メチルアミノ−2’,7’−ジフルオレセイン二酢酸塩(DAF−FM)により、NOと平衡状態にあることから、NOレベルを示すものである低レベルのペルオキシ亜硝酸イオン(nitric peroxide)(ONOO−)の高感度検出が可能となり(St Laurent CD, Moon TC, Befus AD. 2015. Measurement of nitric oxide in mast cells with the fluorescent indicator DAF-FM diacetate. Methods Mol Biol. 1220:339-45)、P.トリコルヌタム細胞におけるNOレベルを検出するのにこれまで使用されてきた(Vardi et al., 2008)。10mlの培養物を希釈し106細胞/mlにし、細胞を20μlの5mM DAF−FMとともにインキュベーションした(1.5時間、室温、暗所、振盪)。細胞を洗浄し、10mlの10×ESAW培地に再懸濁して、48ウェルの培養プレート上の500μlの培養物へと分注し、そこにSNAPを添加した。ペルオキシ亜硝酸イオンのDAF−FM依存性の検出実験のために、150μlの培養物を96ウェルプレートに移し、TECANのインフィニットM1000Proプレートリーダー(488nmの励起波長、529nmの発光波長)を用いて蛍光を測定した。
TAG滴の蓄積は、これまでに記載の原理(Abida et al., 2015)に従ってナイルレッド(Sigma Aldrich)蛍光染色(485nmの励起波長、525nmの発光波長)によりモニタリングした。簡潔に述べると、細胞を希釈し、ナイルレッド蛍光と線形相関になる細胞密度に調整した。ナイルレッド溶液(100% DMSO中、40μlの2.5μg/mL ストック濃度)を160μlの細胞懸濁液に添加した。次いで、ナイルレッドによって染色された油体(Oil bodies)を、ZeissのAxioScope.A1顕微鏡(FITCフィルター、488nmの励起波長、519nmの発光波長)を用いて可視化した。体積当たり及び単位時間当たりのTAGの蓄積に相当する生産性をナイルレッドによる染色に基づき算出し、1mL当たり及び1日のインキュベーション当たりのナイルレッドの相対蛍光単位(Rfu)で表した。代替的に、ナイルレッドの蛍光値を細胞濃度に正規化させた。
500μL容量でのP.トリコルヌタムの1mM SNAPとの2日間のインキュベーションが細胞増殖の低減を誘導するが(図1)、細胞当たりのTAGの2.2倍の増大(図2)、更には培養体積当たり及び1日当たりのTAGのレベルに相当する生産性の2倍を超える増大(図3)を誘起した。
Claims (13)
- 珪藻植物門の微細藻類においてトリアシルグリセロール(TAG)の蓄積を誘起する方法であって、微細藻類の増殖培地において外因性の窒素酸化物(NO)源を前記微細藻類と接触させる工程(i)を含む、方法。
- 前記外因性の窒素酸化物源が窒素酸化物供与体(NO供与体)、特に有機物であるNO供与体である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記増殖培地が硝酸イオン(NO3 −)及び/又は亜硝酸イオン(NO2 −)を含有する、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 珪藻植物門の前記微細藻類が、
珪藻の微細藻類種の、フェオダクチラム・トリコルヌタム及びタラシオシラ・シュードナナから選択される、請求項3に記載の方法。 - 有機物である前記NO供与体が、ジアゼニウムジオレート(NONOエート)及びS−ニトロソチオールから選択される、請求項2〜4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 有機物である前記NO供与体がS−ニトロソチオールである、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記S−ニトロソチオールが、S−ニトロソ−N−アセチルペニシラミン(SNAP)、S−ニトロソ−N−バレリルペニシラミン(SNVP)、及びS−ニトロソ−グルタチオン(GSNO)から選択される、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記増殖培地中の外因性NOの濃度が0.25mM〜5mMである、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 微細藻類に蓄積されたトリアシルグリセロールを回収する工程(ii)を更に含む、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 脂肪酸、バイオ燃料、医薬組成物若しくは化粧品組成物、又は栄養補助食品を生産するための、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の微細藻類においてトリアシルグリセロールの蓄積を誘起する方法の使用。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の工程(i)及び工程(ii)と、
工程(ii)で回収したトリアシルグリセロールをエステル交換する工程(iii)と、任意に、
得られたエステル交換したトリアシルグリセロールを回収する工程(iv)と、
を含む、バイオ燃料を作製する方法。 - 珪藻植物門の微細藻類においてトリアシルグリセロール(TAG)の蓄積を誘起するための外因性の窒素酸化物の使用。
- 前記外因性の窒素酸化物が、窒素酸化物供与体、特に有機物である窒素酸化物供与体から放出されたものである、請求項12に記載の使用。
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