JP6967235B1 - Buildings and unit levitation units - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a building capable of dealing with an earthquake and flood damage with a simple structure. SOLUTION: A building body 12 is a building 10 installed on a solid foundation 11, and a float portion is interposed between the solid foundation 11 and the building body 12 and floats the building body 12 with water at the time of flooding. In the event of an earthquake, compressed air is blown into the gap between the upper surface of the solid foundation 11 and the lower surface of the float portion 12, and the building body 12 and the float portion 12 are levitated by air. It is provided with a levitation guide portion 15 for guiding the levitation of the twelfth. [Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

The present invention relates to a building and a unit levitation unit capable of reducing shaking due to an earthquake and avoiding inundation due to flooding.

As a building that reduces shaking due to an earthquake, a completely disaster-prevention type single-family house having air seismic isolation means is known (see Patent Document 1).
This detached house supplies water, an air seismic isolation means that floats the building with compressed air in the event of an earthquake, an emergency power supply means that constitutes a power source in the event of a power outage, an emergency lighting means that lights up by the emergency power supply means, and water. It is equipped with an emergency water supply means and an emergency wastewater treatment means for treating wastewater.
The air seismic isolation means is a stainless steel skirt that covers the lower foundation installed on the ground, the upper foundation provided at the bottom of the building, and the circumference between the lower foundation and the upper foundation, and seals the internal air. ,have. When the seismic sensor senses self-confidence, compressed air is injected from the air tank between the lower and upper foundations. As a result, the upper foundation and the building above it rise about 15 mm from the lower foundation, and the shaking of the building due to the earthquake can be extremely reduced.

On the other hand, as a building that avoids flooding due to flooding, a building having a floating room is known (see Patent Document 2).
This is a floating room in which a building such as a house is placed and fixed, four retaining columns erected around the building, and a ring body that slides in the vertical direction with respect to the retaining columns. It is provided with a connecting plate body that connects the four rings and the bottom beam of the building. A hole larger than the levitation room is dug under the building, and the levitation room is arranged so as to be accommodated in this hole with a gap. In addition, a plurality of inlets for the inflow of water overflowing from the river communicate with this hole.
When water flows into the hole from the inflow port due to the outflow of water, the floating room rises due to the water pressure, and the building is guided by the retaining pillar and rises accordingly. This prevents the building from being destroyed or washed away.

Japanese Patent No. 5947929 Jikkensho 57-23606 Gazette

In recent years, there has been a demand for buildings such as houses that are resistant to the shaking of earthquakes as well as those that are resistant to floods such as tsunamis and floods. However, as described above, in the conventional disaster response technology, the elements corresponding to flood damage are not considered for the seismic-resistant design building, and the flood-resistant building responds to the shaking of the earthquake. The element was never considered.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a building and a unit levitation unit capable of dealing with earthquakes and floods with a simple structure.

The building of the present invention is a building that constitutes a detached house in which the building body is installed on a solid foundation, and is interposed between the solid foundation and the building body, and receives buoyancy at the time of flooding to form the building body. The air levitation mechanism part that blows compressed air into the gap between the float part to be levitated and the gap between the upper surface of the solid foundation and the lower surface of the float part in the event of an earthquake, and the air levitation mechanism part that levitates the building body and the float part by air pressure, and the levitation of the building body by buoyancy. It is characterized by being equipped with a levitation guide section that guides the building.

According to this configuration, in the event of an earthquake, the air floating mechanism portion blows compressed air into the gap between the solid foundation and the float portion, and the building body is floated by air pressure together with the float portion. As a result, the solid foundation and the float portion are cut off by compressed air, and the shaking of the solid foundation due to the earthquake does not propagate to the building body, and the shaking of the building body is suppressed. On the other hand, when water reaches the float portion at the time of flooding, buoyancy is generated in the float portion, and the levitation guide portion is used as a guide to levitate the building body. As a result, the building body rises according to the volume of the flood water, the inundation of the building body is prevented, and the floating guide portion prevents the building body from being washed away.

In this case, the float portion has a plurality of partial floats and a building base interposed between the plurality of partial floats and the building body to support the building body and to which the plurality of partial floats are attached. It is preferable to have.

According to this configuration, since the building base is provided between the building body and the plurality of partial floats, the building body can be stably levitated. Further, since the air levitation mechanism portion blows compressed air into the gap between each partial float and the solid foundation, the building body can be responsively and uniformly levitation. Moreover, it is relatively easy to construct a building base and a plurality of partial floats mainly for factory production.

In this case, it is preferable that each partial float is composed of an air tank.

According to this configuration, it is possible to have a structure that is durable and suitable for floating by air as well as floating by water.

In addition, the air levitation mechanism unit is an air supply unit that supplies compressed air to the gap between the solid foundation and a plurality of partial floats when an earthquake of a predetermined seismic intensity scale is detected, and a smoothing material applied to the upper surface of the solid foundation. It is preferable to have a plurality of airtight materials which are attached to the lower peripheral edge portion of each partial float so as to be in contact with the smooth material and seal the compressed air in the gap.

According to this configuration, leakage of compressed air supplied from the air supply unit is suppressed by the smooth material applied to the solid foundation and the airtight material attached to the lower peripheral edge portion of each partial float. As a result, in the event of an earthquake (when an earthquake of a predetermined seismic intensity scale is detected), the building body can be quickly and surely ascended with minor equipment.

In addition, the levitation guide section is provided on a plurality of guide columns arranged on either the indoor side or the outdoor side of the plan view corner portion of the building body, a plurality of column foundations supporting each guide column, and the building body side. It is preferred to have a plurality of guide engaging portions that are fixed and slidably engaged with each guide strut.

According to this configuration, the building body is guided by a plurality of guide stanchions at the time of flooding and rises, and when the flooding subsides, it is guided by the guide stanchions and returns to the original position. Therefore, even if there is a strong current at the time of flooding, the building itself will not be washed away.

In this case, each guide engaging portion is formed in an annular shape, has a ring-shaped contact portion having an arc-shaped inner peripheral surface, and each guide strut is provided on the proximal end side and is ring-shaped in a non-floating state. It is preferable that the contact portion has a truncated cone-shaped engagement receiving portion that is in contact with the contact portion from above.

According to this configuration, the ring-shaped contact portion fixed to the building body side is in contact with the truncated cone-shaped engagement receiving portion on the guide column side from above in the non-floating state. Therefore, when the building body floats due to flooding, the guide engaging portion loosely engages with the guide column, so that the guide engaging portion does not squeeze the guide column and the ascent can be smoothly guided. .. Further, even in the event of an earthquake, the guide engaging portion is in a state of being loosely engaged with the guide column, so that the shaking of the guide column can be suppressed as much as possible from being transmitted to the building body.

Similarly, the levitation guide section is arranged on either the indoor side or the outdoor side of the plan view corner of the building body, and has a plurality of telescopic columns that expand and contract in a bamboo shoot manner and a plurality of column foundations that support each telescopic column. It is preferable to have a plurality of strut engaging portions that are fixed to the building body side and engage with each telescopic strut to expand and contract the telescopic strut.

According to this configuration, the building body is guided by a plurality of telescopic columns to ascend when the flood is flooded, and is guided by the telescopic columns when the flood is subsided to return to the original position. Therefore, even if there is a strong current at the time of flooding, the building itself will not be washed away. In this case, the telescopic column expands in a bamboo shoot manner and contracts in a bamboo shoot style. Therefore, by accommodating the telescopic support in the support foundation, the telescopic support can be concealed from the appearance of the building. Therefore, the design of the building is not impaired by the plurality of telescopic columns.

In this case, each strut engaging portion is formed in an annular shape, has a ring-shaped contact portion having an arc-shaped inner peripheral surface, and each telescopic strut has a locking portion that is locked so as to be pulled up when ascending. It is preferable that the ring-shaped contact portion is provided on the tip side and has a truncated cone-shaped engagement receiving portion that is in contact with the ring-shaped contact portion from above in a non-floating state.

According to this configuration, the ring-shaped contact portion fixed to the building body side is in contact with the truncated cone-shaped engagement receiving portion on the telescopic support side from above in the non-floating state. For this reason, when the building body floats due to flooding, the locking portion extends the telescopic strut and the strut engaging portion loosely engages with the telescopic strut, so that the strut engaging portion does not squeeze the telescopic strut. , Can guide the ascent smoothly. Further, even in the event of an earthquake, the strut engaging portion is in a state of being loosely engaged with the telescopic strut, so that the shaking of the telescopic strut can be suppressed as much as possible from being transmitted to the building body.

On the other hand, it is equipped with multiple types of equipment piping for building equipment, and each equipment piping has a connecting piping that connects the outdoor piping on the solid foundation side and the indoor piping on the building body side, and the connecting piping is spiral around the vertical axis. It is preferable that the pipes are arranged so as to form a shape.

According to this configuration, the connecting pipe forming a spiral shape around the vertical axis is supported and fixed to the foundation side with the outdoor pipe side, and the indoor pipe side is supported and fixed to the building body side. Therefore, when the building body floats (moves upward) due to flooding or the like, the connecting pipe is deformed in the same manner as the extension operation of the coil spring. In addition, when the flooding subsides and the building itself moves down, the connecting pipes return to their original form. Therefore, even if the building body moves up several meters at the time of flooding as well as at the time of an earthquake, it is not necessary to connect the equipment pipes between the outdoor pipes and the indoor pipes due to the flexible deformation of the connecting pipes. Therefore, the infrastructure on the building itself can be appropriately dealt with in the event of an earthquake or flood.

The unit levitation unit of the present invention is interposed between the solid foundation and the building body, and the building body is levitated by the compressed air supplied between the solid foundation in the event of an earthquake, and the building body is levitated by the buoyancy received at the time of flooding. It is a unit buoyancy unit for configuring the float part to be made up of multiple units of the same and side by side, and has a buoyancy tank body having a four-circumferential frame-shaped seating part at the lower end, and a solid foundation provided inside the seating part. It is characterized by being provided with an airtight material forming a sealing space between the two, and an outlet provided in the buoyant tank body to supply compressed air opened in the sealing space.

According to this configuration, in the event of an earthquake, the levitation tank body can be slightly levitated from the solid foundation by supplying compressed air to the sealing space through the outlet. That is, if the float portion is configured by a plurality of these units, the building body can be air-floated in the event of an earthquake, the solid foundation and the float portion are cut off by compressed air, and the shaking of the building body is suppressed. On the other hand, when water reaches the floating tank body at the time of flooding, the floating tank body gains buoyancy and floats. That is, if the float portion is configured by a plurality of these units, the building body can be levitated at the time of flooding, and the inundation of the building body can be prevented.
Further, by forming this unit so as to generate a predetermined buoyancy, a predetermined number of units can be installed according to the weight of each individual building body. Further, by devising the planar arrangement of a plurality of units of this unit according to the planar weight balance of the building body, the building body can be levitated while maintaining the horizontal posture.

It is an elevation view of the detached house which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a partial elevation view of a detached house in a state where the building body is raised. It is a top view around the underfloor of a detached house which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is an enlarged sectional view of a partial float (floating unit), and is the figure (a) at the time of non-floating, and the figure (b) at the time of air-floating. It is a side view (a) and a plan view (b) around an air supply part. It is explanatory drawing which showed the relationship between the guide strut and the guide engaging part before and after ascending, and is the figure (a) at the time of non-levitation, the figure (b) at the time of air ascending, and the figure (c) at the time of flooding. .. It is a figure around the connecting pipe, and is a plan view (a) of a steady state, a side view (b) of a steady state, and a side view (c) of a floating state. It is an enlarged sectional view of the partial float (floating unit) which concerns on a modification. It is a partial elevation view of the detached house which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a partial elevation view of a detached house in a state where the building body is raised. It is explanatory drawing which showed the relationship between the guide strut and the guide engaging part before and after ascending, and is the figure (a) at the time of non-levitation, the figure (b) at the time of air ascending, and the figure (c) at the time of flooding. ..

Hereinafter, a detached house, which is a building according to an embodiment of the present invention, will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. This detached house was designed with disaster prevention in mind against earthquakes and floods (floods, tsunamis, storm surges, etc.). Specifically, in the event of an earthquake, the building body is levitated by air pressure to suppress the shaking of the building body, and in the event of a flood, the building body is levitated by buoyancy to prevent flooding or runoff of the building body. It is a thing.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is an elevation view of a detached house according to the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is an elevation view of the detached house in a raised state, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of a detached house around the floor. As shown in these figures, the detached house 10 includes a solid foundation 11, a building body 12 installed on the solid foundation 11, and a float portion 13 interposed between the solid foundation 11 and the building body 12. , An air levitation mechanism portion 14 (see FIGS. 3 and 5) that blows compressed air into the gap between the upper surface of the solid foundation 11 and the lower surface of the float portion 13 during an earthquake, and a levitation guide portion 15 that guides the levitation of the building body 12. And have.

The solid foundation 11 is cast so as to correspond to the entire lower surface of the building body 12. Although the details will be described later, the surface of the solid foundation 11 is finished to be smooth, and the surface is coated with a waterproof material 32 such as polyurea urethane (see FIG. 4). The building body 12 is composed of a one-story or two-story wooden or lightweight steel-framed structure including the base 12a.

The float portion 13 floats the building main body 12 in the event of a disaster, and supports a plurality of partial floats 17 (10 in the embodiment) arranged vertically and horizontally in a plane, and a plurality of float portions 13 while supporting the building main body 12. It has a building base 18 to which a partial float 17 is attached. The building base 18 is configured by vertically and horizontally assembling steel frame materials 18a, and supports the building body 12 by fixing the base 12a on the building base 18. That is, on the solid foundation 11, a plurality of partial floats 17 support the building base 18, and the building base 18 further supports the building body 12.

Reference numeral 19 in FIG. 1 is a flexible plastic dustproof cover. The dustproof cover 19 is attached to the building base 18 so as to hang down over four circumferences and to the position of the solid foundation 11. As a result, the underfloor space of the building base 18 is covered, and the intrusion of dust into the underfloor is prevented.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, each partial float 17 is composed of an air tank made of FRP (fiber reinforced plastic), stainless steel, or a foam material injected into the air tank. The partial float 17 of the present embodiment is an air tank made of FRP, and has a tank main body 21 and a bottom lid portion 22 provided at the lower part of the tank main body 21. A pair of left and right fixed piece portions 23 are provided at the upper end of the tank body 21, and the partial float 17 is attached to the building base 18 by the two fixed piece portions 23 (bolted). ).

The lower end of the tank body 21 is open, and the bottom lid portion 22 is airtightly fixed to the lower end from below via an adhesive or the like. Further, a plurality of rib pieces 24 for reinforcement are formed at the corners of the tank body 21. The tank main body 21 and the bottom lid portion 22 may be joined by bolting via a sealing material. Further, inside the tank main body 21, a tank pipe 25 for supplying compressed air to the gap between the solid foundation 11 and the bottom lid portion 22 is provided.

The tank pipe 25 is piped in two outlets 26 opened on the lower surface of the bottom lid portion 22 and in the tank main body 21, and the upstream side is connected to the air pipe 47 described later and the downstream side is connected to the two outlets 26. It has an internal pipe 27 and the like (see FIG. 3). The portion of the internal pipe 27 that penetrates the tank body 21 and the portion that penetrates the bottom lid portion 22 are hermetically sealed by a joint or the like. The tank pipe 25 may be directly penetrated and connected to the side surface of the bottom lid portion 22.

On the other hand, on the lower peripheral peripheral portion of the bottom lid portion 22, a seal mounting portion 28 having a cross-sectional crank shape for receiving the tank main body 21 and mounting the airtight material 33 described later is formed over four circumferences (FIG. FIG. 4). The seal mounting portion 28 also serves as a seating portion for the partial float 17, and the airtight material 33 is airtightly mounted over four circumferences along the seal mounting portion 28. Further, as will be described in detail later, a sealing space 29 for air-floating the building body 12 is configured between the lower surface of the bottom lid portion 22 and the upper surface of the solid foundation 11 via an airtight material 33. Further, the outlet 26 faces the sealing space 29.

In this case, the tank body 21 of the partial float 17 functions as an air tank at the time of flooding, and receives buoyancy from the water at the time of flooding to levitate the building body 12 (see FIG. 2). On the other hand, the sealing space 29 formed between the lower surface of the bottom lid portion 22 of the partial float 17 and the upper surface of the solid foundation 11 causes the building body 12 to be air-floated by the compressed air supplied to the sealing space 29.

The tank main body 21 (floating tank main body), the bottom lid portion 22, the tank pipe 25, and the airtight material 33 constitute a floating unit (unit floating unit) 20 manufactured in a factory. That is, the levitation unit 20 is a unit reference unit mainly composed of a partial float 17 (buoyancy is several tons), and the number of levitation units 20 for each detached house 10 according to the weight of the building body 12 + the building base 18. Is determined (in this embodiment, 10 levitation units 20 are used). Each of the levitation units 20 brought into the site is installed at a predetermined position on the solid foundation 11, fixed to the building base 18, and the air pipe 47 described later is connected to the tank pipe 25.

The air levitation mechanism unit 14 includes an air supply unit 31 (see FIG. 5B) that supplies compressed air to the levitation space, a waterproof material 32 applied to the upper surface of the solid foundation 11, and the lower surface of each partial float 17. It has an airtight material 33 attached to a peripheral edge portion (seal mounting portion 28). When an earthquake of a predetermined seismic intensity scale is detected, compressed air is supplied from the air supply unit 31 to the sealing space 29 (gap) of each partial float 17. As a result, the entire partial float 17 (float portion 13) floats in the air by about 1 to 2 cm, and the building base 18 and the building body 12 supported by the air float.

As shown in FIG. 5, the air supply unit 31 includes a compressor 41 as a compressed air source, a surge tank 42 for storing compressed air, a manifold 43 connected to the surge tank 42, and a surge tank 42 and a manifold 43. An on-off valve 45 interposed in the connection pipe 44 between the air pipes 44, an exhaust valve 46 connected to the manifold 43, a plurality of air pipes 47 (10 in the embodiment) connected to the manifold 43, and these devices. It has a controller 48 for controlling and the like.

Further, the air supply unit 31 is installed not on the solid foundation 11 side but on the building body 12 side, and floats together with the building body 12. Specifically, the compressor 41, the surge tank 42, the manifold 43, and the controller 48 are supported by the building base 18 via the equipment base 51 (see FIG. 5A). Further, in the piping space 52 configured at the intermediate position of the two rows of partial floats 17, a plurality of (10) air pipes 47 supported by the building base 18 via hanging metal fittings (not shown) are piped. (See FIGS. 5 (b) and 3).

A predetermined pressure and a predetermined amount of compressed air are stored in the surge tank 42 by appropriately driving the compressor 41. A seismic sensor 49 (accelerometer) is incorporated in the controller 48, and when the seismic sensor 49 detects an earthquake of a predetermined seismic intensity scale, the controller 48 opens the open / close valve 45. As a result, compressed air is instantaneously and simultaneously supplied to the sealing space 29 of the 10 partial floats 17 via the manifold 43 and the 10 air pipes 47. The air supply unit 31 is preferably provided with a battery as an emergency power source.

The airtight material 33 is formed of rubber, plastic, stainless steel, or the like in a thin plate shape, and is attached to the seal mounting portion 28 of the bottom lid portion 22 of the partial float 17. The airtight material 33 of the embodiment is formed of a plastic such as a thermoplastic elastomer, and is airtightly fixed to the lower surface of the bottom lid portion 22 at the base end portion. In this state, the airtight material 33 has a springy property in which the tip portion 33a is pressed against the surface of the solid foundation 11, and the tip portion 33a having a substantially circular cross section is a waterproof material 32 which is a smooth material applied to the surface of the solid foundation 11. Make close contact with. As a result, the sealing space 29 is sealed, and the building body 12 floats due to the pressure of the supplied compressed air.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the levitation guide portion 15 supports a plurality of guide columns 55 (four in the embodiment) arranged so as to surround the building body 12, and each guide column 55. It has a plurality of column foundations 56 and a plurality of guide engaging portions 57 fixed to the building body 12 side and slidably engaged with each guide column 55. The guide strut 55 guides the ascent of the building body 12 at the time of flooding, and the guide strut 55 and the strut foundation 56 supporting the guide strut 55 in the ground are sufficient for the flow of water (including debris) at the time of flooding. It is designed to withstand.

Each guide column 55 is attached to a column body 61 that guides the levitation of the building body 12, a truncated cone-shaped engaging receiving portion 62 attached to the base end side of the column body 61, and a tip portion of the column body 61. It also has a stopper cap 63. The column main body 61 is preferably made of steel pipe or reinforced concrete, and is determined in consideration of past flood damage in the area. Generally, it is preferable that the height of the support column 61 above the ground is about 5 to 7 m.

The stopper cap 63 regulates the upper limit of the building body 12 that rises due to flooding. However, it is preferable that the stopper cap 63 is fitted and mounted on the tip of the support column body 61 and is connected to a wire (a rope or a chain is also possible) housed inside the support column body 61 (not particularly shown). .. By doing so, when an unexpected flood occurs, the floating building body 12 causes the stopper cap 63 to come off the support body 61, and the building body 12 away from the support body 61 is connected to the wire. Become. That is, the building main body 12 that has been hit by a large flood is placed on a "raft" called a float portion 13 and moored to a support main body 61 by a "moyai rope" called a wire to avoid flooding and outflow.

The engagement receiving portion 62 is made of plastic or the like, and is fixed at a predetermined position on the base end side thereof so as to be fitted into the support column main body 61. The engagement receiving portion 62 is composed of an upper contact guide portion 64 formed in a truncated cone shape and a lower strut fixing portion 65 formed in a cylindrical shape, and is fixed to the strut body 61 by the strut fixing portion 65. (See Fig. 6).

On the other hand, each guide engaging portion 57 has a ring-shaped contact portion 67 formed in an annular shape and having an arc-shaped inner peripheral surface, and a bracket portion 68 that supports the ring-shaped contact portion 67 on the building base 18. (See FIG. 6). The ring-shaped contact portion 67 is made of elastic plastic or the like. The bracket portion 68 is made of steel or the like and is fixed to the building base 18. Then, the ring-shaped contact portion 67 of the guide engaging portion 57 contacts the contact guide portion 64 of the engaging receiving portion 62 from above, and the engaging receiving portion 62 is fixed to the support column main body 61 in this state.

FIG. 6 shows the positional relationship between the engagement receiving portion 62 on the guide support column 55 and the guide engaging portion 57 on the building body 12 side (building base 18).
As shown in FIG. 6A, in the steady state (when not ascending), the ring-shaped contact portion 67 of the guide engaging portion 57 is in contact with the contact guide portion 64 of the engaging receiving portion 62 from above. .. That is, the four guide engaging portions 57 attached to the building base 18 are engaged with the four engaging receiving portions 62 of the guide column 55, respectively. As a result, the building body 12 is positioned on the four guide columns 55 via the building base 18.

As shown in FIG. 6B, when an earthquake occurs and the building body 12 floats in the air, the guide engaging portion 57 slightly moves upward with respect to the engaging receiving portion 62. In this state, the contact between the contact guide portion 64 and the ring-shaped contact portion 67 is released, and the shaking of the earthquake is allowed by the gap between the column main body 61 and the ring-shaped contact portion 67. That is, the contact guide portion 64 that has been shaken by the earthquake sways inside the ring-shaped contact portion 67. When the shaking subsides, the guide engaging portion 57 moves downward to its original position and comes into contact with the engaging receiving portion 62 in the reverse procedure. As a result, the building body 12 is in the original position with respect to the four guide columns 55.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6 (c), when the building main body 12 is greatly surfaced due to water discharge, the guide engaging portion 57 is largely moved upward with respect to the engaging receiving portion 62 (see FIG. 2). That is, the guide engaging portion 57 moves largely upward so as to be guided by the support column main body 61. In this state, the four guide engaging portions 57 are engaged with the four guide columns 55, respectively, and the outflow of the building body 12 is prevented via the building base 18. When the water flow has subsided, the guide engaging portion 57 moves downward to the original position and comes into contact with the engaging receiving portion 62. As a result, the building body 12 is in the original position with respect to the four guide columns 55.

As shown by a virtual line in FIG. 6, the guide column 55 may be provided with a slider 69a and a sliding stopper 69b in addition to the engaging receiving portion 62. Specifically, above the engaging receiving portion 62, the slider 69a is slidably mounted on the guide support column 55, and a sliding stopper 69b that prevents the slider 69a from moving downward is provided below the slider 69a. .. The slider 69a has a form in which the guide engaging portion 57 is fitted from below, and the guide engaging portion 57 is fitted to the slider 69a immediately after the start of upward movement at the time of flooding, and these are integrated as one. The upward movement is guided by the guide support 55. Further, the slider 69a at the time of downward movement moves downward following the downward movement of the guide engaging portion 57 due to its own weight, and finally the sliding stopper 69b prevents the downward movement.

The above floods include floods caused by flooding of rivers, tsunamis caused by earthquakes, storm surges caused by typhoons, etc., but it is necessary to remove sludge and the like accumulated on the solid foundation 11 after the floods have subsided. In such a case, the float portion 13, the building base 18 and the building body 12 are jacked up by jacks applied to a plurality of places of the building base 18, the solid foundation 11 is cleaned and the partial float 17 (floating unit 20) is maintained. And so on.

By the way, when the building body 12 floats due to flooding, although not shown in particular, it is preferable that the outdoor unit of the air conditioner, the water heater, and the like also float together with the building body 12 as in the air supply unit 31 described above. On the other hand, when dealing with flooding of equipment pipes such as water supply pipes and drainage pipes that are directly connected to public water and sewerage, the outdoor pipes on the solid foundation 11 side and the indoor pipes on the building body 12 side are intermittent. It is necessary to connect flexibly without any problems.

FIG. 7 shows a piping form that flexibly connects the outdoor piping and the indoor piping. As shown in the figure, in the present embodiment, a water supply pipe 71, a gas pipe 72 (city gas), and a drain pipe 73 are installed as equipment pipes. The water supply pipe 71 has an outdoor water supply pipe 71a connected to the water main through a meter, an indoor water supply pipe 71b piped in the building main body 12, and a connecting water supply pipe 71c connecting them. Similarly, the gas pipe 72 has an outdoor gas pipe 72a connected to the gas main via a meter, an indoor gas pipe 72b piped in the building body 12, and a connecting gas pipe 72c connecting them. ing. Further, the drainage pipe 73 has an outdoor drainage pipe 73a connected to the sewer main through the meeting place mass, an indoor drainage pipe 73b piped in the building main body 12, and a connecting drainage pipe 73c connecting them. ing.

The connecting water supply pipe 71c, the connecting gas pipe 72c, and the connecting drainage pipe 73c are piped in the pipe storage box 75 installed on the solid foundation 11 in the pipe space 52 under the floor. The connecting water supply pipe 71c is piped so as to form a spiral around the vertical axis in the water supply pipe storage portion 75a of the pipe storage box 75. Similarly, the connecting gas pipe 72c is piped so as to form a spiral around the vertical axis in the gas pipe storage portion 75b of the pipe storage box 75. Similarly, the connecting drainage pipe 73c is piped so as to form a spiral around the vertical axis in the drainage pipe storage portion 75c of the pipe storage box 75.

The connecting water supply pipe 71c is, for example, a resin pipe having a nominal diameter of 20A having a spiral shape with a diameter of 1 m, and the connecting gas pipe 72c is, for example, a resin pipe having a nominal diameter of 20A having a spiral shape having a diameter of 1 m, a connecting drain pipe 73c. For example, a resin tube having a nominal diameter of 75 A having a spiral shape with a diameter of 2 m is used.

The connecting water supply pipe 71c is supported on the upstream side by the solid foundation 11 via the outdoor water supply pipe 71a and by the building base 18 via the indoor water supply pipe 71b on the downstream side. Similarly, the connecting gas pipe 72c is supported on the upstream side by the solid foundation 11 via the outdoor gas pipe 72a and on the downstream side by the building base 18 via the indoor gas pipe 72b. Similarly, the connecting drainage pipe 73c is supported on the downstream side by the solid foundation 11 via the outdoor drainage pipe 73a, and on the upstream side by the building base 18 via the indoor drainage pipe 73b.

In the water supply pipe 71, the gas pipe 72 and the drain pipe 73 configured in this way, when the building body 12 surfaced at the time of flooding, the connecting water supply pipe 71c, the connecting gas pipe 72c and the connecting drain pipe 73c were raised to the building base 18. Along with this, it deforms like a coil spring (see FIG. 7 (c)). Due to the extension (deformation) of the connecting water supply pipe 71c, the connecting gas pipe 72c, and the connecting drainage pipe 73c, the connected state of the water supply pipe 71, the gas pipe 72, and the drainage pipe 73 is maintained even at the time of water discharge. When the outflow has subsided, the connecting water supply pipe 71c, the connecting gas pipe 72c, and the connecting drainage pipe 73c are deformed in the reverse procedure, and are housed in the water supply pipe storage section 75a, the gas pipe storage section 75b, and the drainage pipe storage section 75c, respectively. See FIG. 7 (b)).

On the other hand, when the building body 12 floats in the air during an earthquake, the upper part of the connecting water supply pipe 71c, the upper part of the connecting gas pipe 72c, and the upper part of the connecting drainage pipe 73c protruding from the pipe storage box 75 sway in a horizontal direction. To absorb. In this case as well, the connected state of the water supply pipe 71, the gas pipe 72, and the drainage pipe 73 is maintained.

The connecting water supply pipe 71c, the connecting gas pipe 72c, and the connecting drainage pipe 73c may have a U-turn shape in a plan view in addition to the above spiral shape. Although not shown in particular, the U-turn-shaped connecting pipe in a plan view is configured to be deformable between a stationary bending state in which it bends deeply in a "dogleg" shape in a side view and an extended state in which it bends shallowly when ascending. Is preferable.

[Modification example]
Next, the levitation unit 20A (partial float 17) according to the modified example will be described with reference to FIG. Also in this levitation unit 20A, a pair of left and right fixed piece portions 23 are formed on the upper surface of the tank main body 21, and the levitation unit 20A is fixed (bolted) to the building base 18 by the fixed piece portions 23. In this case, the bottom lid portion 22 is airtightly adhered to the tank main body 21 by using the peripheral portion thereof as the seating portion 22a and fitting the lower end of the tank main body 21 into the recessed position formed in the seating portion 22a. Further, by forming the seating portion 22a small, the sealing space 29 between the bottom lid portion 22 and the solid foundation 11 is made as small as possible. As a result, the floating unit 20A can be floated with a small amount of compressed air.

The airtight material 33 is formed of a two-color molded plastic product. That is, the airtight material 33 is integrally formed by a frame-shaped hard portion 34a bonded to the seating portion 22a and a soft portion 34b extending inward from the hard portion 34a and having a substantially circular cross section at the tip portion 33a. It is formed. Also in this case, the levitation unit 20A is composed of a tank main body 21, a bottom lid portion 22, a tank pipe 25, and an airtight material 33, and is manufactured at a factory.

As described above, according to the detached house 10 of the first embodiment, in the event of an earthquake, the air levitation mechanism portion 14 blows compressed air into the gap between the solid foundation 11 and the float portion 13 (plural partial floats 17). , The building body 12 is air-floated together with the float portion 13. As a result, the solid foundation 11 and the float portion 13 are cut off by compressed air, and the shaking of the building body 12 due to the earthquake is suppressed. On the other hand, at the time of flooding, buoyancy is generated in the float portion 13 when the water reaches the float portion 13 (a plurality of partial floats 17), and the building main body 12 is levitated by using the levitation guide portion 15 as a guide. As a result, the building body 12 rises according to the volume of the flood water, so that the building body 12 is prevented from being flooded and the building body 12 is prevented from being washed away.

Further, since the float portion 13 has a form in which a plurality of partial floats 17 are attached to the building base 18, the building body 12 can be stably levitated in the event of an earthquake or flood. Moreover, the building base 18 and the plurality of partial floats 17 can be relatively easily constructed mainly for factory production. In particular, the partial float 17 can be factory-produced as a unit of floating units 20 and 20A (general-purpose unit), and the cost of the float unit 13 can be reduced.

In the present embodiment, a plurality of partial floats 17 are arranged vertically and horizontally (see FIG. 3), but if the planar weight balance of the building body 12 is unbalanced, the partial floats 17 are appropriately thinned out. Therefore, it is preferable that the building body 12 is adjusted so as to float (including air floating) while maintaining the horizontal posture.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, the detached house 10A according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10. As shown in both figures, in this detached house 10A, the levitation guide portion 15A is different from that of the first embodiment. The levitation guide portion 15A is fixed to the building body 12 side with four telescopic columns 59 that expand and contract in a bamboo shoot manner, four support column foundations 56 that support each telescopic column 59, and engages with each telescopic column 59. It has four guide engaging portions 57 for expanding and contracting the telescopic support column 59.

Each telescopic support 59 is a support main body 69 composed of three-stage tubular guides 69a, 69b, 69c including a first-stage tubular guide 69a fixed to the support support foundation 56, and a third-stage tubular guide 69c. It has an engaging receiving portion 62 fixed to the tip portion and a stopper cap 63 (locking portion) attached to the tip portion of the third-stage cylindrical guide 69c (see FIG. 11). On the other hand, each guide engaging portion 57 has a ring-shaped contact portion 67 formed in an annular shape and having an arcuate inner peripheral surface, and a bracket that supports the ring-shaped contact portion 67 on the building base 18, as in the first embodiment. It has a part 68 (see FIG. 11).

FIG. 11 shows the positional relationship between the engagement receiving portion 62 in the telescopic support column 59 and the guide engaging portion 57 on the building body 12 side (building base 18).
As shown in FIG. 11A, in the steady state (when not ascending), the ring-shaped contact portion 67 of the guide engaging portion 57 is in contact with the contact guide portion 64 of the engaging receiving portion 62 from above. .. That is, the three-stage cylindrical guides 69a, 69b, 69c are in a contracted state, and the guide engaging portion 57 attached to the building base 18 is engaged with the engaging receiving portion 62 of the telescopic support column 59. As a result, the building body 12 is positioned on the four telescopic columns 59 via the building base 18.

As shown in FIG. 11B, when an earthquake occurs and the building body 12 floats in the air, the guide engaging portion 57 slightly moves upward with respect to the engaging receiving portion 62. In this state, the contact between the contact guide portion 64 and the ring-shaped contact portion 67 is released, and the shaking of the earthquake is allowed by the gap between the telescopic support 59 (cylindrical guide 69c) and the ring-shaped contact portion 67. When the shaking subsides, the guide engaging portion 57 moves downward to its original position and comes into contact with the engaging receiving portion 62 in the reverse procedure. As a result, the building body 12 is in the original position with respect to the four telescopic columns 59.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 11 (c), when the building body 12 is greatly surfaced due to flooding, the guide engaging portion 57 abuts against the stopper cap 63 from the lower side and moves it upward. Along with this upward movement, the three-stage cylindrical guides 69a, 69b, 69c of the telescopic support 59 extend in order from the top (see FIG. 10). That is, the guide engaging portion 57 moves largely upward so as to be guided by the telescopic support column 59. In this state, the four guide engaging portions 57 are engaged with the four telescopic columns 59, respectively, and the outflow of the building body 12 is prevented via the building base 18. When the water flow has subsided, the telescopic support 59 contracts and the guide engaging portion 57 moves downward to its original position to come into contact with the engaging receiving portion 62. As a result, the building body 12 is in the original position with respect to the four telescopic columns 59.

As described above, according to the detached house 10A of the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, in the event of an earthquake, the air levitation mechanism section 14 passes through the float section 13 (plural partial floats 17) to form the building. Since the main body 12 is air-floated, the shaking of the building main body 12 due to an earthquake can be suppressed as much as possible. Further, at the time of flooding, the float portion 13 (plurality of partial floats 17) raises the building body 12 according to the water volume, so that the building body 12 can be prevented from being flooded or washed away. In addition, the plurality of partial floats 17 can stably raise the building body 12 in the event of an earthquake or flood. Moreover, the building base 18 and the plurality of partial floats 17 can be relatively easily constructed mainly for factory production.

On the other hand, the telescopic support column 59 appropriately guides the floating of the building body 12 at the time of flooding, similarly to the guide support column 55 of the first embodiment. However, unlike the guide strut 55, the telescopic strut 59 is housed in the strut foundation 56 in the normal state, so that the conspicuousness of the telescopic strut 59 does not impair the design of the building body 12. The guide column 55 and the telescopic column 59 may be arranged indoors (at the corner of the building body 12).

10,10A ... detached house, 11 ... solid foundation, 12 ... building body, 13 ... float part, 14 ... air levitation mechanism part, 15,15A ... levitation guide part, 17 ... partial float, 18 ... building base, 20,20A ... Floating unit, 21 ... Tank body, 22 ... Bottom lid, 29 ... Sealing space, 31 ... Air supply, 32 ... Waterproof material, 33 ... Air tight material, 55 ... Guide support, 56 ... Support foundation, 57 ... Guide engaging part, 59 ... Telescopic support, 61 ... Support body, 62 ... Engagement receiving part, 63 ... Stopper cap, 67 ... Ring-shaped contact part, 69 ... Support body, 71 ... Water supply pipe, 71c ... Connecting water supply pipe, 72 ... gas pipe, 72c ... connecting gas pipe, 73 ... drain pipe, 73c ... connecting drain pipe,

Claims (10)

The building itself is a building that constitutes a detached house installed on a solid foundation.
A float portion that is interposed between the solid foundation and the building body and receives buoyancy at the time of flooding to raise the building body.
In the event of an earthquake, an air levitation mechanism unit that blows compressed air into the gap between the upper surface of the solid foundation and the lower surface of the float portion to levitate the building body and the float portion by air pressure.
A building characterized by being provided with a levitation guide portion that guides the levitation of the building body by buoyancy. The float portion is
With multiple partial floats,
Claim 1 characterized by having a building base interposed between the plurality of partial floats and the building body, supporting the building body, and to which the plurality of partial floats are attached. The building described in. The building according to claim 2, wherein each partial float is composed of an air tank. The air levitation mechanism unit
An air supply unit that supplies compressed air to the gap between the solid foundation and the plurality of partial floats when an earthquake of a predetermined seismic intensity scale is detected.
The smoothing material applied to the upper surface of the solid foundation and
2. Or the building described in 3. The levitation guide portion is
A plurality of guide columns arranged on either the indoor side or the outdoor side of the plan view corner of the building body, and
A plurality of stanchion foundations supporting each of the guide stanchions,
The building according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a plurality of guide engaging portions fixed to the building body side and slidably engaged with each of the guide columns. thing. Each of the guide engaging portions is formed in an annular shape, and has a ring-shaped contact portion whose inner peripheral surface has an arcuate cross section.
The fifth aspect of claim 5, wherein each guide column is provided on the proximal end side and has a truncated cone-shaped engaging receiving portion in which the ring-shaped contact portion contacts from above in a non-floating state. Buildings. The levitation guide portion is
A plurality of telescopic columns that are arranged on either the indoor side or the outdoor side of the plan view corner of the building body and expand and contract in a bamboo shoot manner, and
A plurality of strut foundations supporting each telescopic strut,
6. Building. Each of the column engaging portions is formed in an annular shape, and has a ring-shaped contact portion whose inner peripheral surface has an arcuate cross section.
Each telescopic support column has a locking portion that locks so as to be pulled up when ascending, and a truncated cone-shaped engaging receiving portion that is provided on the tip side and the ring-shaped contact portion contacts from above in a non-levying state. The building according to claim 7, wherein the building is characterized by being Equipped with multiple types of equipment piping for building equipment,
Each of the equipment pipes has a connecting pipe connecting the outdoor pipe on the solid foundation side and the indoor pipe on the building body side.
The building according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the connecting pipe is piped so as to form a spiral around the vertical axis. A float portion that is interposed between the solid foundation and the building body, floats the building body by the compressed air supplied between the solid foundation and the building body in the event of an earthquake, and floats the building body by the buoyancy received at the time of flooding. It is a unit levitation unit for configuring multiple units of the same and side by side.
A floating tank body with a four-circle frame-shaped seat at the lower end,
An airtight material provided inside the seating portion and forming a sealing space between the solid foundation and the solid foundation.
A unit levitation unit provided in the levitation tank main body and provided with an outlet for supplying the compressed air opened in the sealing space.

Images