JP6958382B2 - boiler - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a boiler that makes it possible to determine whether or not half-blowing is performed properly.

Conventionally, in order to discharge sludge and the like accumulated near the bottom of the can when the boiler burns, the bottom of the can is blown regularly. If all blows are performed in such a case, all the canned water is replaced, so that the canned water at that time becomes an unconcentrated state, and the enrichment becomes a state where the concentration drops below a predetermined range. It is known that the risk of corrosion increases. Therefore, for example, it is necessary to make a priority combustion request and burn for a long time (for example, 1 hour to 3 hours). For this reason, it is recommended to perform half blows on a regular basis instead of full blows. Here, half-blow means blowing a certain amount of canned water, specifically 30% to 70%, preferably 40% to 60% of canned water. As a result, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of scale damage due to the concentration of canned water and maintain the electrical conductivity of the canned water at a level at which corrosion can be suppressed.

In this regard, Patent Document 1 describes a counting unit that integrates the operating amount of the boiler, a drain pipe in which a blow valve is inserted in the middle of the bottom of the boiler, a position lower than the normal can water level and a position higher than the bottom of the boiler. Each half-blow water level detector is provided, and when the count exceeds the set value and the boiler combustion is stopped, the blow valve of the drain pipe is opened until the half-blow water level detector does not detect the water level (that is,). When the half-blow water level detector detects the water level, the blow valve is closed to stop the half-blow), which discharges the can water at the bottom of the can body and leaves the can water at the top of the can body in the boiler. Proposed.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 8-159405

In the technique described in Patent Document 1, when the integrated value obtained by integrating the operating amount of the boiler exceeds the set value and the combustion of the boiler is stopped, the blow valve is automatically opened to start the half blow process, and the half blow process is started. This is to realize an automatic process in which when the blow water level detector detects the water level, the blow valve is automatically closed and the half blow is stopped. However, it does not provide appropriate information for operators and maintenance personnel to easily determine whether or not the half-blow has been performed properly.
On the other hand, in the case of a simple boiler or the like, for example, when a predetermined condition is satisfied, the operator is notified that the half blow can be started by blinking (or lighting) the lamp, and the operator stops the combustion of the boiler. The half-blow process is started by opening the blow valve manually, and when the blinking (or lighting) of the lamp goes out, the half-blow process is stopped by manually closing the blow valve.
In this case, the operator may leave the place with the blow valve open during the half-blow execution, resulting in a full blow. However, it has not been possible for the operator or maintenance personnel to easily determine whether or not the half-blow treatment has been properly performed and whether or not the blow treatment performed during the predetermined period has been properly performed. ..
Therefore, regardless of whether the half-blow process is performed automatically or manually, appropriate information for easily determining whether or not the half-blow is properly performed is provided to the operator and maintenance personnel. Is desired.

The present invention provides a boiler capable of providing appropriate information for easily determining whether or not the half-blow is properly performed regardless of whether the half-blow process is performed automatically or manually. The purpose is to provide.

The present invention includes an electric conductivity sensor for measuring the electric conductivity of canned water, a storage unit, and a control unit, and the control unit is electrically operated when the first condition set in advance is satisfied. The conductivity is measured by the electric conductivity sensor as the electric conductivity before half-blow, which is the electric conductivity of the canned water at which half-blow can be started, and after the half-blow is completed, water is supplied thereafter. , The electric conductivity after half-blow, which is the electric conductivity of the canned water when the water level is returned to the predetermined water level or when a predetermined predetermined time elapses after the water level is set to the predetermined water level, is measured by the electric conductivity sensor. An appropriateness determination unit that determines whether or not the half-blow is appropriate based on the electric conductivity measuring unit to be measured, the electric conductivity before the half-blow of the canned water, and the electric conductivity after the half-blow of the canned water. A boiler including a warning output unit that records information related to the half blow in the storage unit and outputs alarm information, or at least one of them, based on the determination of the appropriateness determination unit. Regarding.

The control unit notifies that the half-blow can be started when the first condition is satisfied, and after the half-blow is started, the water level drops to a preset half-blow set water level, or the half-blow. It is preferable to provide a half-blow notification unit for notifying that the half-blow can be completed when the water level falls below the set water level.

The electric conductivity sensor is provided at the half-blow set water level, and the electric conductivity sensor lowers the water level after the start of the half-blow to reach the half-blow set water level or to fall below the half-blow set water level. It is preferable to detect it.

The first condition is preferably a condition in which the electric conductivity of the can water measured by the electric conductivity sensor is a predetermined electric conductivity set in advance or exceeds a predetermined electric conductivity. ..

The control unit integrates the number of half blows performed, which is the number of times the half blow is performed, and the number of improper times, which is the number of half blows determined by the appropriate determination unit to be inappropriate. The operation counting unit is provided, and the warning output unit records the information related to the half blow in the storage unit or outputs the alarm information based on the improper number of times counted by the blow operation counting unit. Or at least one of them is preferred.

The appropriateness determination unit is when the electric conductivity after the half-blow of the can water becomes a preset first ratio of the electric conductivity before the half-blow of the can water, or is lower than the first ratio. , It is preferable to determine that the half blow is not appropriate.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide appropriate information for easily determining whether or not the half-blow is properly performed regardless of whether the half-blow process is performed automatically or manually. Boilers can be provided.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the boiler of this invention. It is a figure which shows the functional structure of the controller of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the boiler of this invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the boiler of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the present embodiment, the opening / closing process of the blow valve related to the half blow is manually operated by the operator.
As shown in FIG. 1, the boiler 1 includes a can body 20, a water supply pump 4, a steam separator 5, a water level detector 6, and a controller 7.

As shown in FIG. 1, the can body 20 includes a boiler housing 21, a plurality of water pipes 22, an upper header 23, a lower header 24, a combustion chamber 25, and a combustion unit 26.
The can body 20 is arranged along its axis in the vertical direction. The can body 20 includes an upper header 23 and a lower header 24 separated from each other at the top and bottom.
The upper header 23 and the lower header 24 are connected to each other by a plurality of water pipes (heat transfer tubes) 5. Each water pipe 22 is arranged along the vertical direction, and the upper end portion communicates with the upper header 23, while the lower end portion communicates with the lower header 24. Further, the water pipes 22 are arranged in the upper header 23 and the lower header 24 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. A peripheral side wall (not shown) is provided on the can body 20 so as to surround the water pipe 22 arranged in a cylindrical shape. With such a configuration, a combustion chamber 25 is configured in the can body 20.

Water (canned water) can be supplied into each water pipe 22 via the water supply line L1. The water supply line L1 is connected to the lower header 24. A water supply pump 4 is provided in the middle of the water supply line L1. By operating the water supply pump 4, water can be supplied into each water pipe 22 via the lower header 24.

Further, a can bottom blow line L3 is connected to the lower header 24. A can bottom blow valve 31 is provided in the middle of the can bottom blow line L3. When the can bottom blow valve 31 is opened, the can water is drained.

A combustion unit 26 is arranged above the combustion chamber 25 in the upper center of the can body 20, and heats the inside of the can body 20 by burning at a plurality of stepwise combustion positions, for example. The combustion unit 26 includes a fuel injection nozzle and an air supply nozzle (neither of which is shown). The combustion unit 26 injects fuel from the fuel injection nozzle toward the combustion chamber 25 of the can body 20, and supplies air from the air supply nozzle to the combustion chamber 25 of the can body 20 to burn the fuel. The combustion gas produced by this combustion heats the water in each water pipe 22 and vaporizes it. This steam is sent from the upper header 23 to the steam header 50 via the steam separator 5 and the steam valve 51. On the other hand, the exhaust gas after heat exchange with each water pipe 22 of the can body 20 is discharged to the outside air through a flue (not shown) and a chimney (not shown).

Outside the can body 20, a water level detection cylinder 61 is provided so as to communicate with the upper header 23 and the lower header 24. The water level detection cylinder 61 is a hollow container made of a conductive material, and is connected to the upper header 23 at the upper part while being connected to the lower header 24 at the lower part. In this way, the water level detection cylinder 61 communicates with the upper header 23 and the lower header 24. On the upper wall of the water level detection cylinder 61, the upper portions of a plurality of electrode rods 62 to 64 having different lengths are held by means of an insulating material, Gaishi (not shown). In this way, a plurality of electrode rods 62 to 64 are inserted and held in the water level detection cylinder 61 at different height positions of the lower end portions thereof. The water level detector 6 is composed of the water level detection cylinder 61 and the plurality of electrode rods 62 to 64.

Each of the electrode rods 62 to 64 is an elongated rod material formed of a conductive material. In this embodiment, the low combustion electrode rod (S rod) 62, the high combustion electrode rod (M rod) 63, and the low water level detection electrode rod (L rod) 64 in order lower the height position of the lower end portion. Then, it is inserted into the water level detection cylinder 61. Each of the electrode rods 62 to 64 is connected to the controller 7, and the water level detection cylinder 61 is grounded. Therefore, if the lower end of each of the electrode rods 62 to 64 is immersed in water, electrical continuity with the water level detection cylinder 61 is ensured. As a result, the controller 7 detects whether or not there is a water level at the lower end of each of the electrode rods 62 to 64, depending on the presence or absence of a current flowing through each of the electrode rods 62 to 64.

Further, the boiler 1 is provided with an electric conductivity sensor 66. The electric conductivity sensor 66 detects the electric conductivity of canned water and is connected to the controller 7. In this embodiment, the electric conductivity sensor 66 is provided in the connecting pipe 67 between the water level detection cylinder 61 and the lower header 24.
At the position provided on the connecting pipe 67 of the electric conductivity sensor 66, the amount of canned water at the water level corresponding to the position is the amount of canned water at the water level detected by the low combustion electrode rod (S rod) 62. It is preferable to set it to be about half of (for example, 30% to 70%, preferably 40% to 60%).

The controller 7 includes a control unit 100 and a storage unit 200, and controls the combustion position of the combustion unit 26. Further, the controller 7 adjusts the water supply amount of the water supply pump 4 based on the combustion position of the combustion unit 26, the water level of the can water received from the water level detector 6, and the like. In addition, the controller 7 provides appropriate information as to whether or not the half blow has been performed properly.

Next, the functional configuration of the controller 7 will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the controller 7 includes a control unit 100 and a storage unit 200.

The storage unit 200 contains a control program for operating the boiler 1, information on the operating state of the boiler 1, for example, the combustion position of the combustion unit 26, and information on the set water level in the can body 20 preset for each combustion position. , Each preset value, and the integrated value of the operating time of the boiler are stored.

As shown in FIG. 2, the control unit 100 includes an operation integration unit 101, a half blow notification unit 102, an electric conductivity measuring unit 103, an appropriateness determination unit 104, a blow operation counting unit 105, and a warning output unit 106. And.

The operation estimation unit 101 integrates the operating time of the boiler. More specifically, when it is detected that the boiler has started combustion, the integration of the operating time is started. The operation integration unit 101 integrates the operation time while the boiler is in the combustion state, and when it detects that the boiler has stopped burning, the operation integration unit ends the integration of the operation time. Here, the integrated value of the operating time may be stored in the storage unit 200, for example.

The half-blow notification unit 102 notifies that the half-blow can be started when the first condition set in advance is satisfied. After the half-blow is started, the half-blow notification unit 102 notifies that the half-blow can be ended when the water level drops to a preset half-blow set water level or falls below the half-blow set water level.
Here, the first condition is a condition A in which the operating time integrated by the operation integrating unit 101 is set to a preset first threshold value or exceeds the first threshold value, and is measured by the electric conductivity sensor 66. It refers to at least one of the conditions B in which the electric conductivity of the canned water to be produced becomes a predetermined electric conductivity set in advance or exceeds the predetermined electric conductivity. That is, the case where the first condition is satisfied means the case where the condition A or the condition B is satisfied, or the case where the condition A and the condition B are satisfied.
Further, as described above, the amount of canned water at the water level at the position provided in the connecting pipe 67 of the electric conductivity sensor 66 is half the amount of canned water at the water level detected by the low combustion electrode rod (S rod). The presence of water is determined by the value of the electrical conductivity measured by the electrical conductivity sensor 66 by being set to a degree (for example, 30% to 70%, preferably 40% to 60%). Therefore, it can be determined whether the water level is the half-blow set water level or lower than the half-blow set water level.

The half-blow notification unit 102 may notify the operator that the half-blow can be started, for example, by blinking (or lighting) the half-blow permission lamp (not shown). Similarly, the half-blow notification unit 102 may notify the operator that the half-blow can be completed, for example, by turning off the blinking (or lighting) of the half-blow permission lamp. The notification of the half-blow notification unit 102 is not limited to turning on and off the half-blow lamp. A message may be displayed on a display unit (not shown), or may be notified by voice output via a speaker (not shown).

After confirming the notification that the half blow of the half blow notification unit 102 can be started (for example, the half blow lamp is lit), the operator stops the combustion of the boiler and then opens the can bottom blow valve 31. Then, the half blow is started. When the half blow is completed, the control unit 100 resets the integrated value of the operating time stored in the storage unit 200, which is integrated by the operation integrating unit 101.
After that, by confirming the notification that the half blow of the half blow notification unit 102 can be completed (for example, turning off the half blow lamp), the can bottom blow valve 31 is closed, and then the operation of the boiler is started. Water supply is started, the canned water is returned to a predetermined water level (for example, a low combustion electrode rod (S rod)), and the canned water is concentrated by burning for a predetermined time.

When the electric conductivity measuring unit 103 detects that the first condition preset by the half blow notification unit 102 is satisfied (or when it is notified that the half blow can be started), before the half blow process. The electric conductivity of the canned water is measured by the electric conductivity sensor 66. The electric conductivity measuring unit 103 sets the electric conductivity of the can water measured in this way as the electric conductivity before half-blow. For example, when the electric conductivity measuring unit 103 no longer detects the water level by the low water level detecting electrode rod (L rod) 64, the electric conductivity of the can water measured by the electric conductivity sensor 66 is half blown before. It may be the electrical conductivity. The electric conductivity measuring unit 103 measures at any time after the low water level detection electrode rod (L rod) 64 stops detecting the water level and the electric conductivity can be measured by the electric conductivity sensor 66. You may.
Further, when the electric conductivity measuring unit 103 returns to a predetermined water level (for example, the low combustion electrode rod (S rod) 62) after the half blow is completed and the subsequent water supply is performed, the water supply is stopped. Alternatively, the electric conductivity of the canned water when a predetermined predetermined time elapses after the water level is set to a predetermined level is measured by the electric conductivity sensor 66. The electric conductivity measuring unit 103 sets the electric conductivity of the can water measured in this way as the electric conductivity after half-blowing.

The appropriateness determination unit 104 determines whether or not the half-blow is appropriate based on the electric conductivity before the half-blow of the canned water and the electric conductivity after the half-blow of the canned water.
More specifically, in the appropriateness determination unit 104, the electric conductivity after the half-blow of the canned water becomes a preset first ratio of the electric conductivity before the half-blow of the canned water, or the first one. If it is less than the ratio, it is determined that the half blow is not appropriate.
For example, when the electric conductivity before half-blow is 200 mS / m, the amount of water after half-blow is 100 L, and 5 mS / m of water is supplied and the amount of water after water supply is, for example, 200 L, the electric conductivity is about. Since it is 100 mS / m, in such a case, for example, by setting the first ratio to 1/3, whether or not the half-blow is properly performed is determined by the electric conductivity after the half-blow of the can water. It is possible to judge by the ratio of the electric conductivity before half-blow.

The blow operation counting unit 105 integrates the number of half blows performed, which is the number of times the half blow is performed, and the number of improper times, which is the number of half blows determined by the appropriateness determination unit 104 to be inappropriate. ..
More specifically, it is preferable that the blow operation counting unit 105 records the history information of the half-blow execution in the storage unit 200. As historical information, half-blow execution date, half-blow time, operation integrated value immediately before half-blow, electrical conductivity X before half-blow, and when the water level is returned to a predetermined level after water supply or after the water level is set to a predetermined level. Determining information on whether or not the electrical conductivity Y is appropriate based on the ratio of the electrical conductivity Y to the electrical conductivity X when a preset predetermined time has elapsed, statistical values based on these, and half-blow execution within a predetermined period. It is preferable to include the number of times, of which the number of half blows determined to be inappropriate, the ratio of the number of times determined to be inappropriate, and the like.

The warning output unit 106 executes at least one of recording the information related to the half blow in the storage unit 200 and outputting the alarm information based on the determination of the appropriateness determination unit 104.
More specifically, the warning output unit 106 is not appropriate for, for example, the number of half blows performed within a predetermined period, based on the history information recorded in the storage unit 200 based on the determination of the appropriateness determination unit 104. The alarm information can be output when the ratio of the number of half-blows determined to have been determined is a predetermined threshold value or exceeds a predetermined threshold value. In addition, the storage unit stores the value of the ratio of the number of half-blows determined to be inappropriate to the number of half-blows performed within the predetermined period, which is the basis for outputting the alarm information, and the date and time when the alarm information is output as history information. It may be stored in 200.

By doing so, it is possible to provide the operator, maintenance personnel, and the like with appropriate information for easily determining whether or not the half-blow has been properly performed within a predetermined period. For example, if it is determined that the half-blow is not performed properly, the operator can be expected to improve so that the half-blow process will be performed properly in the future. Further, if it is determined that the half-blow is not properly performed, the maintenance personnel can re-transmit the half-blow processing method to the boiler operator or the like at the time of maintenance and inspection. In addition, by recording the number of half blows and outputting (or recording) an alarm when the predetermined threshold is exceeded, it is possible to provide maintenance personnel and the like with appropriate information as to whether or not half blows have been performed properly. can.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[Modification 1]
In this embodiment, as the water level detector 6, the low combustion electrode rod (S rod) 62, the high combustion electrode rod (M rod) 63, and the low water level detection electrode rod (L rod) 64 are sequentially at the lower ends. The water level detector 6 inserted in the water level detection cylinder 61 is illustrated by lowering the height position of the water level detector 6, but the present invention is not limited to this.
As the water level detector 6, a continuous level sensor, for example, a capacitance type sensor may be provided. As shown in FIG. 3, the water level detector 6 has a water level detection cylinder 61a and an electrode rod 62b, and the upper end portion of the water level detection cylinder 61a is connected to the upper header 23 and the lower end portion is connected to the lower header 24. By measuring the electrostatic capacity between the electrode rod 62b and the water level detection cylinder 61a using the insulating film coated on the surface of the electrode rod 62b as a dielectric, the contact with the electrode rod 62b inside the water level detection cylinder 61a. The water level of the boiler water may be continuously detected.

[Modification 2]
In this embodiment, it is illustrated that the combustion unit 26 heats the inside of the can body 20 by, for example, burning at a plurality of stepwise combustion positions, but the present invention is not limited to this. The combustion unit 26 may heat the inside of the can body 20 by continuously changing the combustion rate and burning.

1 Boiler 20 Can body 21 Boiler housing 22 Water pipe 23 Upper header 24 Lower header 25 Combustion chamber 26 Combustion unit L1 Water supply line 4 Water supply pump 5 Steam water separator 50 Steam header 51 Steam valve 6 Water level detector 61, 61a Water level detector cylinder 62 Low combustion electrode rod (S rod)
63 Electrode rod for high combustion (M rod)
64 Electrode rod for low water level detection (L rod)
66 Electrical conductivity sensor 67 Connection tube 62b Electrode rod 7 Controller 100 Control unit 101 Operation integration unit 102 Half blow notification unit 103 Electrical conductivity measurement unit 104 Appropriate judgment unit 105 Blow operation count unit 106 Warning output unit 200 Storage unit L3 can Bottom blow line 31 Can bottom blow valve

Claims (6)

An electrical conductivity sensor that measures the electrical conductivity of canned water, a storage unit, and
With a control unit
The control unit
When the first condition set in advance is satisfied, the electric conductivity is measured by the electric conductivity sensor as the electric conductivity before half-blow, which is the electric conductivity of the can water at which half-blow can be started. Then, when the half-blow is completed and the subsequent water supply is performed and the water level is returned to the predetermined water level, or when a predetermined predetermined time elapses after the water level is set to the predetermined value, the electric conductivity of the canned water is reached. The electric conductivity measuring unit that measures the electric conductivity after half-blow by the electric conductivity sensor,
An appropriateness determination unit for determining whether or not the half-blow is appropriate based on the electric conductivity before the half-blow of the canned water and the electric conductivity after the half-blow of the canned water.
Based on the determination of the appropriateness determination unit, the warning output unit that records the information related to the half blow in the storage unit and outputs the alarm information, or at least one of them is executed.
Boiler with. The control unit
When the first condition is satisfied, the half-blow can be started, and after the half-blow is started, the water level drops to a preset half-blow set water level or falls below the half-blow set water level. The boiler according to claim 1, further comprising a half-blow notification unit for notifying that the half-blow can be completed. The electric conductivity sensor is provided at the half-blow set water level, and the electric conductivity sensor lowers the water level after the start of the half-blow to reach the half-blow set water level or to fall below the half-blow set water level. The boiler according to claim 2, which is detected. The first condition is a condition that the electric conductivity of the can water measured by the electric conductivity sensor is a predetermined electric conductivity set in advance or exceeds a predetermined electric conductivity.
The boiler according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The control unit
It is provided with a blow operation counting unit that integrates the number of times the half blow is performed, which is the number of times the half blow is performed, and the number of improper times, which is the number of times the half blow is performed that is determined by the appropriate determination unit to be inappropriate. ,
The warning output unit either records the information related to the half blow in the storage unit or outputs the alarm information based on the improper number of times counted by the blow operation counting unit. The boiler according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which executes one of the above. The appropriateness determination unit
The half-blow is appropriate when the post-half-blow electrical conductivity of the can water is at or below a preset first ratio of the pre-half-blow electrical conductivity of the can water. The boiler according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is determined not to be.

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