JP6948985B2 - Machine tool cover device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a cover device provided in a machine tool.

In machine tools such as automatic lathes and machining centers that cut workpieces with cutting tools, a cover covers the machining chamber where the cutting is performed in order to prevent chips and coolant generated during cutting from scattering to the outside. It is common to say.

Conventionally, as a machine tool having the above cover, it is known that a part of the cover is composed of an open / close cover (door) that can be opened and closed so that an operator can perform a desired work in the processing room during non-processing. Has been done.

For example, Patent Document 1 describes an opening / closing cover attached to a machine tool so as to be openable / closable by a fulcrum shaft, and a pair of support portions provided on both sides of a tip portion opposite to the fulcrum shaft of the opening / closing cover. It has a pair of guide rollers rotatably supported by the support portion and a pair of guide grooves provided along the opening edges on both sides of the processing chamber of the machine tool, and each of them is provided according to the opening and closing of the opening / closing cover. A cover device is described in which the opening / closing cover is smoothly opened / closed by moving the guide roller along the corresponding guide groove.

On the other hand, as a conventional machine tool, for example, as described in Patent Document 2, a machine that performs so-called vibration cutting is known. Vibration cutting is a processing method for cutting a rotating workpiece by feeding the cutting tool while vibrating it in the feed direction. According to the vibration cutting, it is possible to sequentially divide the chips by causing an idle swing period in which the work is not cut by the cutting tool during the cutting process, so that the processability of the chips can be improved.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-215354 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-103279

In the cover device described in Patent Document 1, in order to move the guide roller while smoothly rotating inside the guide groove, it is necessary to make the diameter of the guide roller slightly smaller than the groove width of the guide groove. Therefore, if the machine tool for vibrating the workpiece is provided with the cover device, there is a problem that the open / close cover may vibrate due to the transmission of the vibration of the cutting tool during vibrating cutting.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool cover device capable of suppressing vibration of an opening / closing cover during vibration cutting of a work.

Cover device for a machine tool of the present invention is provided to be opened and closed to the machine tool to cut cutting a workpiece by vibration cutting operating feed with vibration while repeating the retraction and advancement of the cutting tool and the spindle relative feed direction The opening / closing cover, the support portion provided on the side portion of the opening / closing cover, and the support portion rotatably supported by the support portion, move along the guide rail provided in the machine tool according to the opening / closing of the opening / closing cover. A machine tool cover device having a rotating body, which is installed on the side of the machine tool and presses the support portion when the opening / closing cover is closed to guide the rotating body. have a pressing body for pressing the rail, together with the support portion protruding from the cover, having a guide rail abutting surface on the pressing member is parallel when it is a state in which the cover is closed It is characterized by being block-shaped.

In the above configuration, the machine tool cover device of the present invention is a leaf spring in which the pressing body abuts on the surface at a flat plate-shaped tip portion when the opening / closing cover is closed. preferable.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a machine tool cover device capable of suppressing the vibration of the cover during vibration cutting of the work.

It is a perspective view which shows the schematic structure of the machine tool provided with the cover device which is one Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which saw the schematic structure of the machine tool in the state which the opening and closing cover is open from the axial direction of a spindle. It is explanatory drawing which shows the engaging state of the rotating body and a guide rail in the state which the opening / closing cover is not closed. It is explanatory drawing which shows the engaging state of the rotating body and a guide rail in the state which the opening / closing cover is closed.

The machine tool 1 shown in FIG. 1 is configured as an automatic lathe (CNC lathe) and has a housing 2. The housing 2 is formed in a box shape including a top cover 2a, a front cover 2b, a pair of side covers 2c, a back cover 2d, and an inclined surface cover 2e connecting the top cover 2a and the front cover 2b. A processing chamber 3 is provided inside.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the processing chamber 3, a spindle 4 and a tool post 5 rotatably supported by a base (base) (not shown) are arranged, and the work 6 is processed inside the processing chamber 3. It can be performed. Since the processing chamber 3 is provided inside the housing 2, it is possible to prevent chips, coolant, and the like generated by cutting from scattering to the outside.

The main shaft 4 includes a chuck 4a, and the work 6 can be held by the chuck 4a. The spindle 4 is rotationally driven by a drive source (not shown) such as an electric motor, and can rotate together with the work 6.

The tool post 5 includes, for example, a plurality of cutting tools 5a such as cutting tools (five in FIG. 2), and is driven by a drive device (not shown) to cut in the main shaft 4 (in the radial direction of the main shaft 4) and. It can move in the feed direction (axial direction of the main shaft 4). The tool post 5 is not limited to a configuration including a plurality of cutting tools 5a, and may be configured to include at least one cutting tool 5a.

The machine tool 1 moves the tool post 5 in a state where the work 6 held by the spindle 4 is rotated together with the spindle 4, and feeds the desired cutting tool 5a to the work 6 in the feed direction while making a predetermined cutting depth. By operating the work 6, the work 6 can be machined (turned). Further, in the cutting process, the machine tool 1 can perform the cutting process of the work 6 by so-called vibration cutting by causing the cutting tool 5a to move while vibrating while repeating forward and backward in the feed direction. By vibrating the work 6, the chips generated from the work 6 can be sequentially divided during the cutting process, and the processability of the chips can be improved.

The machine tool 1 is not limited to a machine tool 1 having a structure in which a work 6 is cut by a cutting tool 5a by relatively moving a tool post 5 with respect to a fixed spindle 4, but the spindle 1 is not limited to a structure in which a work tool 6 is cut with respect to a fixed spindle 5. The work 6 may be cut by the cutting tool 5a by moving the 4 relative to each other.

As shown in FIG. 1, the machine tool 1 is provided with an operation panel 7 adjacent to the housing 2. By operating the operation panel 7, it is possible to input cutting conditions for cutting (vibration cutting).

The housing 2 is provided with an opening 8. The opening 8 is provided over the top cover 2a, the inclined surface cover 2e, and the front cover 2b. In order to open and close the opening 8, the housing 2 is provided with a machine tool cover device 10 (hereinafter, may be simply referred to as “cover device 10”), which is an embodiment of the present invention.

The cover device 10 can also be called a door device, and has an opening / closing cover (door) 11 that covers the opening 8 and can open / close the opening 8.

The opening / closing cover 11 includes an upper cover body 11a and a front cover body 11b. As shown in FIG. 2, the upper cover body 11a has a rectangular plate shape corresponding to the shape of the top cover 2a of the opening 8, and the housing 2 is provided by the hinge 11c at one end facing the back cover 2d. It is rotatably supported with respect to the top cover 2a of the above. The front cover body 11b has a rectangular shape corresponding to the shapes of the inclined surface cover 2e and the front cover 2b of the opening 8, and has a plate shape bent along the inclined surface cover 2e and the front cover 2b. At one end thereof, the upper cover body 11a is rotatably connected to one end by an intermediate hinge 11d. That is, the opening / closing cover 11 is a foldable type in which the upper cover body 11a and the front cover body 11b are connected by an intermediate hinge 11d.

A window 11e is provided on a portion of the front cover body 11b that has the same surface shape as the inclined surface cover 2e, so that the processing chamber 3 can be visually recognized from the window 11e. Further, a handle 11f for opening / closing operation is attached to the front cover body 11b.

Support portions 12 are provided on both side portions of the tip end portion of the front cover body 11b (the end portion on the side opposite to one end connected to the upper cover body 11a). Each of the support portions 12 has a block shape, and protrudes from the tip of the front cover body 11b at the corresponding side portion of the front cover body 11b. Further, an inclined surface 12b is provided between the front end surface and the side surface of the support portion 12.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the support portion 12 is provided with a shaft body 12a. The shaft body 12a is fitted and fixed to the support portion 12, and projects from the support portion 12 toward the outside in the width direction of the opening / closing cover 11.

A rotating body 13 is attached to the shaft body 12a. The rotating body 13 is, for example, a guide roller, which is supported by the shaft body 12a and is rotatable around the shaft body 12a. In the present embodiment, the rotating body 13 has a configuration in which a large-diameter rotating body 13a and a small-diameter rotating body 13b having a diameter smaller than that of the large-diameter rotating body 13a are arranged side by side in the axial direction. The large-diameter rotating body 13a and the small-diameter rotating body 13b may be integrally formed, or may be formed as separate bodies and arranged in an overlapping manner.

As shown in FIG. 2, guide rails 14 are provided on both sides of the opening 8 of the housing 2. The guide rail 14 is integrally provided on the inner wall surface of the housing 2 for partitioning the opening 8 in a groove shape, extends along both sides of the opening end of the opening 8, and extends in the direction along the top cover 2a. It has a horizontal rail portion 14a, an inclined rail portion 14b extending in a direction along the inclined surface cover 2e, and a vertical rail portion 14c extending in a direction along the front cover 2b.

In the case shown in the drawing, the guide rail 14 is integrally provided on the inner wall surface for partitioning the opening 8 of the housing 2 in a groove shape, but the guide rail 14 formed separately from the inner wall surface is provided on the inner wall surface. It may be fixed.

The rotating body 13 is arranged inside the guide rail 14, is guided by the guide rail 14 according to the opening and closing of the opening / closing cover 11, and can move while rotating along the guide rail 14. As shown in FIG. 3, in the present embodiment, the diameter (outer diameter) of the large-diameter rotating body 13a is smaller than the groove width W (distance between the pair of first guide walls 14d) of the guide rail 14. When the large-diameter rotating body 13a is in contact with the first guide wall 14d on the right side in FIGS. 3 and 4, the small-diameter rotating body 13b has a slight gap between it and the second guide wall 14e. As a result, in the rotating body 13, both the large-diameter rotating body 13a and the small-diameter rotating body 13b can smoothly rotate and move inside the guide rail 14.

The opening / closing cover 11 is shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 1 and is shown in FIG. 2 by opening the opening / closing cover 11 by pulling the handle 11f upward from the closed state in which the opening 8 is closed as shown by the solid line in FIG. As shown in the above, the upper cover body 11a rotates upward with respect to the top cover 2a about the hinge 11c, and the rotating body 13 moves along the guide rail 14 to move the front cover body 11b. It is in an open state in which the cover body 11a is rotated about the intermediate hinge 11d while moving upward along the guide rail 14. When the opening / closing cover 11 is opened, the processing chamber 3 is opened to the outside through the opening 8, so that the operator can perform a desired work inside the processing chamber 3 during non-processing.

On the contrary, the opening / closing cover 11 is closed by pulling the handle 11f downward from the open state shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 1, so that the upper cover body 11a is closed as shown by the solid line in FIG. Rotates downward around the hinge 11c to form the same surface as the top cover 2a, and the rotating body 13 moves along the guide rail 14 to move the front cover body 11b along the guide rail 14. It is closed by rotating around the intermediate hinge 11d with respect to the upper cover body 11a while moving downward. When the opening / closing cover 11 is closed, the opening 8 of the processing chamber 3 is closed by the opening / closing cover 11, so that chips, coolant, and the like generated by cutting can be prevented from scattering to the outside.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a pressing body 15 is installed at the lower end of the vertical rail portion 14c of the guide rail 14. In the present embodiment, the pressing body 15 is a leaf spring, and has an obtuse angle with respect to the rectangular plate-shaped fixing portion 15a, the rectangular plate-shaped inclined portion 15b bent at an obtuse angle with respect to the fixing portion 15a, and the inclined portion 15b. It has a shape having a rectangular plate-shaped pressing portion 15c that is bent and parallel to the fixing portion 15a. The pressing body 15 is preferably a leaf spring made of metal, but may be a leaf spring made of synthetic resin.

The bracket 17 is fixed to the inner first guide wall 14d located on the processing chamber 3 side of the guide rail 14 by a fastening member 16 such as a bolt, and the pressing body 15 is welded or adhered to the bracket 17 at the fixing portion 15a. It is fixed by the means of. The pressing body 15 fixed to the bracket 17 has a posture in which the fixing portion 15a is located above the pressing portion 15c and the inclined portion 15b and the pressing portion 15c project toward the movement path of the support portion 12. ..

When the opening / closing cover 11 is in a state other than the closed state, the support portion 12 is not in contact with the pressing body 15 as shown in FIG. 3, and the diameter (outer diameter) of the rotating body 13 is as described above. Since it is smaller than the groove width W of the guide rail 14, the rotating body 13 can move while smoothly rotating inside the guide rail 14. As a result, the opening / closing cover 11 can be opened and closed smoothly.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, when the opening / closing cover 11 is closed, that is, in the closed state, the pressing body 15 is in a state where the inclined portion 15b is elastically deformed on the inner side surface of the support portion 12 facing the processing chamber 3. The pressing portion 15c of the above comes into contact with each other. As a result, the support portion 12 is pressed in the outward direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the guide rail 14, and the small-diameter rotating body 13b is pressed against the second guide wall 14e of the guide rail 14. When the small-diameter rotating body 13b is pressed against the second guide wall 14e of the guide rail 14 by the pressing body 15, the lower end of the front cover body 11b is fixedly held by the guide rail 14 or the housing 2 via the small-diameter rotating body 13b. Become. Therefore, according to the cover device 10 of the present embodiment, when the open / close cover 11 is closed and the work 6 is vibrated by the machine tool 1, the vibration of the cutting tool 5a in the vibrating cutting is transmitted. It is possible to suppress the vibration of the opening / closing cover 11 in the groove width direction of the guide rail 14 caused by the above.

Further, by pressing the support portion 12 with the pressing body 15, the rotation of the rotating body 13 inside the guide rail 14 can be suppressed or stopped. Therefore, according to the cover device 10 of the present embodiment, when the open / close cover 11 is closed and the work 6 is vibrated by the machine tool 1, the vibration of the cutting tool 5a in the vibrating cutting is transmitted. It is also possible to suppress the vibration of the opening / closing cover 11 in the extending direction of the guide rail 14 caused by the above.

In the present embodiment, since the support portion 12 has a block shape protruding from the tip of the front cover body 11b, the degree of freedom in arranging the pressing body 15 can be increased. As a result, the support portion 12 can be pressed more reliably by the pressing body 15, and the vibration of the opening / closing cover 11 can be suppressed more effectively.

In the present embodiment, since the leaf spring is used as the pressing body 15, the configuration of the cover device 10 of the present embodiment that achieves the above effect can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.

In the present embodiment, the pressing body 15 has a shape having a fixed portion 15a, an inclined portion 15b, and a pressing portion 15c. Therefore, when the opening / closing cover 11 is closed, the tip of the supporting portion 12 becomes the inclined portion 15b. The inclined portion 15b can be brought into contact with the pressing portion 15c while being elastically deformed. As a result, the support portion 12 can be smoothly engaged with the pressing body 15, and the operation of closing the opening / closing cover 11 can be performed more easily.

Further, in the present embodiment, since the inclined surface 12b is provided at the tip of the support portion 12, when the opening / closing cover 11 is closed, the inclined surface 12b of the support portion 12 becomes the inclined portion 15b of the pressing body 15. The support portion 12 can be more smoothly engaged with the pressing body 15 by abutting against the pressing body 15. As a result, the operation of closing the opening / closing cover 11 can be performed more easily.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist thereof.

In the above embodiment, the support portion 12 is configured in a block shape protruding from the tip of the front cover body 11b, but a part of the front cover body 11b may also function as the support portion 12. In this case, the front cover body 11b may be pressed by the pressing body 15.

In the above embodiment, the leaf spring is used as the pressing body 15, but a material other than the leaf spring such as an elastic body such as a coil spring or synthetic rubber may be used as the pressing body 15.

In the above embodiment, the rotating body 13 is rotatably mounted on the shaft body 12a fixed to the support portion 12, but the rotating body 13 is fixed to the shaft body or the rotating body 13 provided integrally with the rotating body 13. By rotatably supporting the shaft body by the support portion 12, the rotating body 13 can be rotatably supported by the support portion 12.

In the above-described embodiment, the rotating body 13 is configured to include the large-diameter rotating body 13a and the small-diameter rotating body 13b, but it may also be configured to include only one rotating body.

1 Machine tool 2 Housing 2a Top cover 2b Front cover 2c Side cover 2d Back cover 2e Inclined surface cover 3 Machining chamber 4 Spindle 4a Chuck 5 Tool post 5a Cutting tool 6 Work 7 Operation panel 8 Opening 10 Cover device 11 Opening and closing cover 11a Upper side Cover body 11b Front cover body 11c Hinge 11d Intermediate hinge 11e Window 11f Handle 12 Support part 12a Shaft body 12b Inclined surface 13 Rotating body 13a Large diameter rotating body 13b Small diameter rotating body 14 Guide rail 14a Horizontal rail part 14b Inclined rail part 14c Vertical rail Part 14d 1st guide wall 14e 2nd guide wall 15 Pressing body 15a Fixing part 15b Inclined part 15c Pressing part 16 Fastening member 17 Bracket

Claims (2)

A cover provided to be opened and closed to the machine tool to cut cutting a workpiece by vibration cutting to with vibration while repeating the retraction and advancement of the cutting tool and the spindle relative feeding direction feeding operation, the side of the cover A machine tool having a support portion provided on the portion and a rotating body rotatably supported by the support portion and moving along a guide rail provided on the machine tool in response to opening and closing of the opening / closing cover. It ’s a cover device,
The installed on the side of the machine, the said rotary body presses the support portion have a pressing body for pressing the guide rail when a state in which the cover is closed,
The support portion protrudes from the opening / closing cover and has a block shape having a surface that is parallel to the guide rail and comes into contact with the pressing body when the opening / closing cover is closed. Machine tool cover device. The cover device for a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the pressing body is a leaf spring that comes into contact with the surface at a flat plate-shaped tip portion when the opening / closing cover is closed.

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