JP6940139B2 - Physical characteristic analyzer, physical characteristic analysis method, and program - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a physical characteristic analyzer for analyzing the characteristics of a human body, a physical characteristic analysis method, and a program for realizing these.

Conventionally, at production sites, construction sites, etc., workers may take an unreasonable posture, which may cause health problems such as low back pain. In addition, similar health problems also occur in caregivers and the like in nursing care facilities and hospitals. Therefore, it is required to analyze the postures of workers, caregivers, etc. to suppress the occurrence of health problems such as low back pain.

OWAS (Ovako Working Posture Analysing System) is known as a method for analyzing posture (see Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2). In OWAS, the posture of the worker is evaluated using the posture code and the evaluation table.

Specifically, the posture code is set for each of the back, upper limbs, lower limbs, and weight of the object. For example, for the back, (1) the back muscles are straight, (2) forward bending or backward bending, (3) twisting or bending the body side, and (4) twisting motion and anterior-posterior bending or body side bending. Regarding the upper limbs, (1) both arms are set below the shoulders, (2) one arm is above the shoulder height, and (3) both arms are above the shoulder height.

For the lower limbs, (1) sit, (2) upright, (3) one-leg center of gravity (center of gravity foot is straight), (4) middle waist, (5) one-leg center of gravity middle waist, (6) knee-standing or one-knee standing, ( 7) It is set to walk (move). The weight is set to be (1) 10 kg or less, (2) 10 to 20 kg, and (3) more than 20 kg.

In addition, the evaluation table defines the risk of health disorders in four stages from 1 to 4 for each combination of codes for the weight of the back, upper limbs, lower limbs, and object. Specifically, risk 1 indicates that "the burden on the musculoskeletal system due to this posture is not a problem. The risk is extremely low." Risk 2 indicates that "this posture is harmful to the musculoskeletal system. The risk is low, but improvement is needed in the near future." Risk 3 indicates that "this posture is harmful to the musculoskeletal system. The risk is high and should be improved immediately." Risk 4 indicates that "this posture is very harmful to the musculoskeletal system. The risk is extremely high and should be improved immediately."

Then, the analyst identifies the matching code for each of the back, upper limbs, lower limbs, and weight of the object while observing the work of the worker taken by the video, and puts the identified code in the evaluation table. Apply to determine the risk of health problems in each task.

In this way, using OWAS, it is possible to objectively evaluate the burden on workers, caregivers, and the like. As a result, at various sites such as production, construction, long-term care, and medical care, it becomes easy to review the work process and the like, and the occurrence of health problems is suppressed.

"Outline of" Guidelines for Prevention of Back Pain in the Workplace "and Examples of Risk Assessment Methods for Prevention of Back Pain, etc.", [online], Aichi Labor Bureau, [Search on June 1, 2014], Internet <URL: http: //aichi-roudoukyoku.jsite.mhlw.go.jp/library/aichi-roudoukyoku/jyoho/roudoueisei/youtuubousi.pdf> "OWAS: Ovako-type work physical characteristics analysis system", [online], June 1, 2014, Aichi Labor Bureau, [Search June 1, 2014], Internet <URL: http: // aichi- roudoukyoku.jsite.mhlw.go.jp/library/aichi-roudoukyoku/jyoho/roudoueisei/youtuubousi.pdf>

However, a person's body has its own characteristics, and what is bad for one person can be good for another. In OWAS, the posture of a person is only uniformly judged, and it is required to judge the characteristics of the human body.

An example of an object of the present invention is to provide a physical characteristic analyzer, a physical characteristic analysis method, and a program capable of solving the above problems and enabling analysis of the characteristics of a human body.

In order to achieve the above object, the physical characteristic analyzer in one aspect of the present invention is an apparatus for analyzing the physical characteristics of a subject.
A data acquisition unit that acquires data that changes according to the movement of the target person,
A skeleton information creation unit that creates skeletal information that identifies the positions of a plurality of parts of the subject based on the data.
Based on the skeletal information, the states of the shoulder and the waist of the subject are specified, and based on the identified states of the shoulder and the waist, the subject is the first type and the first type and the first. A type determination unit that determines which of the two types is used,
It is characterized by having.

Further, in order to achieve the above object, the physical characteristic analysis method in one aspect of the present invention is a device for analyzing the physical characteristics of the subject.
(A) A step of acquiring data that changes according to the movement of the target person, and
(B) A step of creating skeletal information that identifies the positions of a plurality of parts of the subject based on the data.
(C) Based on the skeletal information, the states of the shoulder and the waist in the subject are specified, and the subject is the first based on the states of the shoulder and the waist. A step and a step to determine whether it is a type or a second type.
It is characterized by having.

Further, in order to achieve the above object, the program in one aspect of the present invention is a program for analyzing the physical characteristics of the subject by a computer.
On the computer
(A) A step of acquiring data that changes according to the movement of the target person, and
(B) A step of creating skeletal information that identifies the positions of a plurality of parts of the subject based on the data.
(C) Based on the skeletal information, the states of the shoulder and the waist in the subject are specified, and the subject is the first based on the states of the shoulder and the waist. A step and a step to determine whether it is a type or a second type.
Is characterized by executing.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to analyze the characteristics of the human body.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a physical characteristic analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a specific configuration of the physical characteristic analyzer according to the present embodiment. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of skeletal information created in the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the calculation process of the three-dimensional coordinates according to the embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4A shows the calculation process in the horizontal direction (X coordinate) of the image, and FIG. 4B shows the calculation process. The calculation process in the vertical direction (Y coordinate) of the image is shown. FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing the operation of the physical characteristic analyzer according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a flow chart specifically showing the type of determination processing shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an example of a computer that realizes the physical characteristic analyzer 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention.

(Embodiment)
Hereinafter, the physical characteristic analyzer, the physical characteristic analysis method, and the program according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7.

[Device configuration]
First, the schematic configuration of the physical characteristic analyzer according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a physical characteristic analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The physical characteristic analyzer 10 according to the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is an apparatus for analyzing the physical characteristics of the subject. As shown in FIG. 1, the physical characteristic analyzer 10 includes a data acquisition unit 11, a skeleton information creation unit 12, and a type determination unit 13.

The data acquisition unit 11 acquires data that changes according to the movement of the target person. The skeleton information creation unit 12 creates skeleton information that identifies the positions of a plurality of parts of the target person based on the acquired data.

The type determination unit 13 identifies the state of each of the shoulder and waist in the subject based on the skeletal information. In addition, the type determination unit 13 determines whether the subject is one of the first type and the second type based on the identified states of the shoulder and the waist.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the state of the shoulder and the waist of the subject is specified from the data that changes according to the movement of the subject, and the type of the characteristic of the subject is determined. That is, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to analyze the characteristics of the human body.

Subsequently, a specific configuration of the physical characteristic analyzer 10 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a specific configuration of the physical characteristic analyzer according to the present embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the present embodiment, the physical characteristic analyzer 10 includes the gesture input receiving unit 14 in addition to the data acquisition unit 11, the skeleton information creating unit 12, and the type determination unit 13 described above. There is.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the depth sensor 20 and the display device 30 are connected to the body characteristic analysis device 10 in the present embodiment. The depth sensor 20 includes, for example, a light source that emits infrared laser light in a specific pattern and an image sensor that receives infrared rays reflected by an object, and image data to which depth for each pixel is added by these. Is output at the set frame rate. Specific examples of the depth sensor 20 include existing depth sensors such as Kinect (registered trademark).

Further, the depth sensor 20 is arranged so that the movement of the subject 40 can be photographed. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the data acquisition unit 11 acquires from the depth sensor 20 image data with a depth in which the target person 40 is captured as data that changes according to the operation of the target person 40, and obtains the skeleton information. Input to the creation unit 12.

In the present embodiment, the skeleton information creating unit 12 identifies the target person 40 by using the coordinates on the image data and the depth added to the pixels for each image data output at the set frame rate. The three-dimensional coordinates of the part of are calculated, and the skeleton information is created using the calculated three-dimensional coordinates.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of skeletal information created in the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the skeleton information is composed of the three-dimensional coordinates of each joint for each elapsed time from the start of imaging. In the present specification, the X coordinate is the value of the position in the horizontal direction on the image data, the Y coordinate is the value of the position in the vertical direction on the image data, and the Z coordinate is given to the pixel. The value of the depth.

Specific parts include, for example, head, neck, right shoulder, right elbow, right wrist, right hand, right thumb, right hand, left shoulder, left elbow, left wrist, left hand, left thumb, left hand, chest, chest and waist. Examples include the left hip, pelvic region, right hip, left hip joint, left knee, left ankle, left foot, right hip joint, right knee, right ankle, and right foot. In FIG. 3, the three-dimensional coordinates of the pelvis, the thoracolumbar region, and the right side of the thumb are illustrated. In this embodiment, there may be only four specific parts, the left shoulder, the right shoulder, the left hip, and the right hip.

The method for calculating the three-dimensional coordinates from the coordinates and the depth on the image data is as follows. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the calculation process of the three-dimensional coordinates according to the embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4A shows the calculation process in the horizontal direction (X coordinate) of the image, and FIG. 4B shows the calculation process. The calculation process in the vertical direction (Y coordinate) of the image is shown.

First, the coordinates of a specific point on the image data to which the depth is added are defined as (DX, DY), and the depth at the specific point is defined as DPT. Further, the number of pixels in the horizontal direction of the image data is 2CX, and the number of pixels in the vertical direction is 2CY. Then, the horizontal viewing angle of the depth sensor is 2θ, and the vertical viewing angle is 2φ. In this case, the three-dimensional coordinates (WX, WY, WZ) of the specific point are calculated by the following equations 1 to 3, as can be seen from FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b).

(Number 1)
WX = ((CX-DX) x DPT x tan θ) / CX

(Number 2)
WY = ((CY-DY) x DPT x tanφ) / CY

(Number 3)
WZ = DPT

The gesture input reception unit 14 determines whether or not the target person 40 is performing a preset gesture based on the skeleton information provided by the skeleton information creation unit 12. Then, when a preset gesture is performed, the gesture input receiving unit 14 inputs and indicates an instruction associated with the gesture to the type determination unit 13.

Specific examples of gestures include various movements such as raising one arm above the shoulder, raising one knee, and pushing one arm forward. In addition, examples of the instruction associated with the gesture include an instruction to start the type determination, an instruction to redo the type determination, an instruction to end the type determination, and the like.

In the present embodiment, the type determination unit 13 first makes a gesture to start the type determination, and when the gesture input reception unit 14 instructs the start, the left shoulder, right shoulder, and left hip of the subject 40 are instructed to start from the skeleton information. , And the position of the right hip.

At this time, since the subject 40 needs to be stationary for the type determination, the type determination unit 13 accumulates the skeleton information generated during the set time (for example, 3 seconds). Then, from the accumulated skeletal information, the positions of the left shoulder, right shoulder, left hip, and right hip of the subject 40 can be specified. Specifically, the type determination unit 13 calculates the average position from the accumulated skeleton information for each part, and sets the calculated average position as the position of the part.

Subsequently, in the present embodiment, the type determination unit 13 determines the positional relationship between the left shoulder and the right shoulder as the states of the shoulder and the waist from the specified positions of the left shoulder, the right shoulder, the left waist, and the right waist. And identify the positional relationship between the left hip and the right hip.

Further, if the type determination unit 13 can determine from the positional relationship between the left shoulder and the right shoulder and the positional relationship between the left hip and the right hip that all of the following requirements (a) to (c) are satisfied, the type determination unit 13 can determine that all of the following requirements (a) to (c) are satisfied. It is determined that the subject 40 corresponds to the type (first type) that tends to be stooped. The type determination unit 13 displays the determination result on the screen of the display device 30.
(A) The left shoulder is higher than the right shoulder.
(B) The left hip is lower than the right hip.
(C) The left hip is behind the right hip.

On the other hand, if the type determination unit 13 can determine from the positional relationship between the left shoulder and the right shoulder and the positional relationship between the left hip and the right hip that all of the following requirements (d) to (f) are satisfied, It is determined that the subject 40 corresponds to the type (second type) that tends to be anti-waist. In this case as well, the type determination unit 13 displays the determination result on the screen of the display device 30.
(D) The left shoulder is lower than the right shoulder.
(E) The left hip is higher than the right hip.
(F) The left hip is in front of the right hip.

[Device operation]
Next, the operation of the physical characteristic analyzer 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing the operation of the physical characteristic analyzer according to the embodiment of the present invention. In the following description, FIGS. 1 to 4 will be referred to as appropriate. Further, in the present embodiment, the physical characteristic analysis method is implemented by operating the physical characteristic analyzer 10. Therefore, the description of the physical characteristic analysis method in the present embodiment will be replaced with the following description of the operation of the physical characteristic analyzer 10.

As shown in FIG. 5, first, the data acquisition unit 11 acquires the image data with depth output from the depth sensor 20 (step A1).

Next, the skeleton information creation unit 12 creates skeleton information that specifies the positions of a plurality of parts of the target person 40 based on the image data acquired in step A1 (step A2).

Next, when the gesture input reception unit 14 instructs the start, the type determination unit 13 specifies the positional relationship between the left shoulder and the right shoulder and the positional relationship between the left hip and the right hip in the subject 40 ( Step A3).

Specifically, in step A3, the type determination unit 13 accumulates the skeletal information generated during the set time, and from the accumulated skeletal information, the left shoulder, right shoulder, left hip, and the left hip of the subject 40. Identify the position of the right hip. Then, the type determination unit 13 specifies the positional relationship between the left shoulder and the right shoulder and the positional relationship between the left hip and the right hip from the identified positions of the left shoulder, the right shoulder, the left hip, and the right hip.

Next, from the positional relationship between the left shoulder and the right shoulder and the positional relationship between the left hip and the right hip identified in step A3, the type determination unit 13 makes the subject 40 a type that tends to be stooped and an anti-waist. It is determined which of the easy types is (step A4).

After the determination in step A4, the type determination unit 13 outputs the data for identifying the determination result to the display device 30 and displays the determination result on the screen (step A5).

Subsequently, the determination process (step A4) of the type shown in FIG. 5 will be described more specifically with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a flow chart specifically showing the type of determination processing shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 6, when step A3 is executed, the type determination unit 13 determines whether or not all of the above requirements (a) to (c) are satisfied (step A41).

As a result of the determination in step A41, if all of the requirements (a) to (c) are satisfied, the type determination unit 13 determines that the subject 40 corresponds to a type that tends to be stooped (step A42).

On the other hand, as a result of the determination in step A41, if all of the requirements (a) to (c) are not satisfied, is the type determination unit 13 satisfying all of the above requirements (d) to (f)? It is determined whether or not (step A43).

As a result of the determination in step A43, if all of the requirements (d) to (f) are satisfied, the type determination unit 13 determines that the subject 40 corresponds to a type that is prone to anti-waist (step A44). ..

On the other hand, as a result of the determination in step A43, if all of the requirements (d) to (f) are not satisfied, the type determination unit 13 determines that the position of each part of the target person 40 is not accurately specified. (Step A45). In this case, in step A5 described above, an error is displayed on the display screen of the display device 30, and a message prompting for another shooting is displayed.

[Effect in the embodiment]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the characteristics of the subject 40 are determined only by the subject 40 standing in front of the depth sensor 20 and standing still, and the subject 40 is displayed on the screen of the display device 30. Type is displayed. Therefore, the analyst who uses the physical characteristic analyzer 10 can predict the risk of occurrence of health disorders and the like in consideration of the characteristics of the subject 40.

[Modification example]
In the above example, the depth sensor 20 is used to acquire data that changes according to the movement of the subject 40, but in the present embodiment, the means for acquiring the data is limited to the depth sensor. There is no such thing. In this embodiment, a motion capture system may be used instead of the depth sensor. Further, the motion capture system may be any of an optical type, an inertial sensor type, a mechanical type, a magnetic type, and a video type.

[program]
The program in this embodiment may be any program that causes a computer to execute steps A1 to A5 shown in FIG. By installing this program on a computer and executing it, the physical characteristic analyzer 10 and the physical characteristic analysis method according to the present embodiment can be realized. In this case, the CPU (Central Processing Unit) of the computer functions as a data acquisition unit 11, a skeleton information creation unit 12, a type determination unit 13, and a gesture input reception unit 14 to perform processing.

Further, the program in the present embodiment may be executed by a computer system constructed by a plurality of computers. In this case, for example, each computer may function as any of the data acquisition unit 11, the skeleton information creation unit 12, the type determination unit 13, and the gesture input reception unit 14.

Here, a computer that realizes the physical characteristic analyzer 10 by executing the program according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an example of a computer that realizes the physical characteristic analyzer 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 7, the computer 110 includes a CPU 111, a main memory 112, a storage device 113, an input interface 114, a display controller 115, a data reader / writer 116, and a communication interface 117. Each of these parts is connected to each other via a bus 121 so as to be capable of data communication.

The CPU 111 expands the programs (codes) of the present embodiment stored in the storage device 113 into the main memory 112 and executes them in a predetermined order to perform various operations. The main memory 112 is typically a volatile storage device such as a DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory). Further, the program according to the present embodiment is provided in a state of being stored in a computer-readable recording medium 120. The program in the present embodiment may be distributed on the Internet connected via the communication interface 117.

Further, specific examples of the storage device 113 include a semiconductor storage device such as a flash memory in addition to a hard disk drive. The input interface 114 mediates data transmission between the CPU 111 and an input device 118 such as a keyboard and mouse. The display controller 115 is connected to the display device 119 and controls the display on the display device 119.

The data reader / writer 116 mediates data transmission between the CPU 111 and the recording medium 120, reads a program from the recording medium 120, and writes a processing result in the computer 110 to the recording medium 120. The communication interface 117 mediates data transmission between the CPU 111 and another computer.

Specific examples of the recording medium 120 include a general-purpose semiconductor storage device such as CF (Compact Flash (registered trademark)) and SD (Secure Digital), a magnetic recording medium such as a flexible disk, or a CD-. Examples include optical recording media such as ROM (Compact Disk Read Only Memory).

The physical characteristic analyzer 10 in the present embodiment can also be realized by using the hardware corresponding to each part instead of the computer in which the program is installed. Further, the physical characteristic analyzer 10 may be partially realized by a program and the rest may be realized by hardware.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to analyze the characteristics of the human body. The present invention is useful in production sites, construction sites, medical sites, nursing care sites, sports, and the like.

10 Physical characteristic analyzer 11 Data acquisition unit 12 Skeleton information creation unit 13 Type judgment unit 14 Gesture input reception unit 20 Depth sensor 30 Display device 40 Target person 110 Computer 111 CPU
112 Main memory 113 Storage device 114 Input interface 115 Display controller 116 Data reader / writer 117 Communication interface 118 Input device 119 Display device 120 Recording medium 121 Bus

Claims (6)

A device for analyzing the physical characteristics of a subject,
A data acquisition unit that acquires data that changes according to the movement of the target person,
A skeleton information creation unit that creates skeletal information that identifies the positions of a plurality of parts of the subject based on the data.
Based on the skeletal information, the states of the shoulder and the waist of the subject are specified, and based on the identified states of the shoulder and the waist, the subject is the first type and the first type and the first. A type determination unit that determines which of the two types is used,
With
The type determination unit
As the states of the shoulder and the waist, the positional relationship between the left shoulder and the right shoulder and the positional relationship between the left waist and the right waist are specified.
From the identified positional relationship between the left shoulder and the right shoulder and the positional relationship between the left hip and the right hip,
If it can be determined that the left shoulder is higher than the right shoulder, the left hip is lower than the right hip, and the left hip is later than the right hip, it is determined that the subject is the type that tends to be the stoop.
On the other hand, if it can be determined that the left shoulder is lower than the right shoulder, the left hip is higher than the right hip, and the left hip is in front of the right hip, it is determined that the subject is a type that is likely to have the anti-waist. do,
A physical characteristic analyzer characterized by this. The data acquisition unit acquires image data to which the depth of each pixel is added as the data from the depth sensor arranged so as to photograph the target person.
The body characteristic analyzer according to claim 1. Computer is a way you analyze the characteristics of the subject's body,
(A) A step of acquiring data that changes according to the movement of the target person, and
(B) A step of creating skeletal information that identifies the positions of a plurality of parts of the subject based on the data.
(C) Based on the skeletal information, the states of the shoulder and the waist in the subject are specified, and the subject is the first based on the states of the shoulder and the waist. A step and a step to determine whether it is a type or a second type.
Have,
In the step (c), the positional relationship between the left shoulder and the right shoulder and the positional relationship between the left waist and the right waist are specified as the states of the shoulder and the waist, respectively.
From the identified positional relationship between the left shoulder and the right shoulder and the positional relationship between the left hip and the right hip,
If it can be determined that the left shoulder is higher than the right shoulder, the left hip is lower than the right hip, and the left hip is later than the right hip, it is determined that the subject is the type that tends to be the stoop.
On the other hand, if it can be determined that the left shoulder is lower than the right shoulder, the left hip is higher than the right hip, and the left hip is in front of the right hip, it is determined that the subject is a type that is likely to have the anti-waist. do,
A physical characteristic analysis method characterized by this. In the step (a), image data to which the depth of each pixel is added is acquired as the data from the depth sensor arranged so as to photograph the target person.
The physical characteristic analysis method according to claim 3. A program for analyzing the physical characteristics of a subject using a computer.
On the computer
(A) A step of acquiring data that changes according to the movement of the target person, and
(B) A step of creating skeletal information that identifies the positions of a plurality of parts of the subject based on the data.
(C) Based on the skeletal information, the states of the shoulder and the waist in the subject are specified, and the subject is the first based on the states of the shoulder and the waist. A step and a step to determine whether it is a type or a second type.
To run,
In the step (c), the positional relationship between the left shoulder and the right shoulder and the positional relationship between the left waist and the right waist are specified as the states of the shoulder and the waist, respectively.
From the identified positional relationship between the left shoulder and the right shoulder and the positional relationship between the left hip and the right hip,
If it can be determined that the left shoulder is higher than the right shoulder, the left hip is lower than the right hip, and the left hip is later than the right hip, it is determined that the subject is the type that tends to be the stoop.
On the other hand, if it can be determined that the left shoulder is lower than the right shoulder, the left hip is higher than the right hip, and the left hip is in front of the right hip, it is determined that the subject is a type that is likely to have the anti-waist. do,
program. In the step (a), image data to which the depth of each pixel is added is acquired as the data from the depth sensor arranged so as to photograph the target person.
The program according to claim 5.

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