JP6939153B2 - Image forming device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an image forming apparatus.

Conventionally, as an image forming apparatus, a test image is recorded on a recording material, the density of the test image recorded on the recording material is measured, and the original image density to be recorded on the recording material and the actual image density recorded on the recording material are recorded. It is known that the difference from the measured density of the image is obtained and the difference in density is corrected (see Patent Document 1).

As a method for correcting the density difference, for example, there is a method of setting the image formation conditions of the developer image by changing the development bias based on the measured density.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-114343

By the way, in an image forming apparatus including an exposure head including a light emitting element such as an LED array, the focal position of the exposure head may shift. When a test image is formed by an exposure head whose focal position is deviated, the density of the formed test image fluctuates due to the influence of the defocused position, and an appropriate image forming condition may not be set.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to appropriately set the image forming conditions even when the focal position of the exposure head is deviated.

In order to solve the above problems, the image forming apparatus according to the present invention comprises a photoconductor, a charger for charging the photoconductor, an exposure head for exposing the photoconductor, and an electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor. It includes a developer for developing, a transfer device for transferring the developer image on the photoconductor to a transfer medium, a sensor for detecting the print density of the developer image on the transfer medium, and a control unit.
The control unit is composed of a binary image, and when the exposure head is exposed as a pattern image having a predetermined exposure density in a state where the exposure head is deviated from the reference position in the optical axis direction with respect to the photoconductor, the reference position When the first pattern image, which is formed with a lower print density than when exposed in, and the exposure head are exposed in a state where the exposure head is deviated from the reference position in the optical axis direction with respect to the photoconductor, at the reference position. A second pattern image, which is formed to have a higher print density than when exposed, and a third pattern image, which is an exposure density between the exposure density of the first pattern image and the exposure density of the second pattern image, are formed. It is possible.
The control unit forms the third pattern image and executes an image forming condition setting process for setting the image forming condition of the developer image based on the result detected by the sensor.

The exposure density between the exposure density of the first pattern image and the exposure density of the second pattern image is close to the print density when the exposure head is located at the reference position even if the exposure head is deviated from the reference position. This has been confirmed by experiments. Therefore, by setting the image forming conditions of the developer image based on the print density of the third pattern image, the image forming conditions can be appropriately set even when the focal position of the exposure head is deviated.

According to the present invention, the image forming conditions can be appropriately set even when the focal position of the exposure head is deviated.

It is a figure which shows the schematic structure of the color printer which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the color printer with the top cover open. It is a figure which shows the exposure head and a drum unit located in the retracted position. It is a figure which shows the exposure head and a drum unit located at a reference position. It is a figure which shows the relationship between a lens array and light. It is a block diagram which shows each structure related to a control part. It is a figure which shows the pattern image for printing. It is a flowchart which shows the operation of a control part. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the target density and the exposure density. It is a figure which shows the modification of the 2nd print pattern image.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as appropriate. In the following description, first, a schematic configuration of the color printer 1 as an example of the image forming apparatus will be briefly described, and then the configuration of the characteristic portion of the present invention will be described in detail.

Further, in the following description, the direction will be described in the direction shown in FIG. That is, the left side in FIG. 1 is "front", the right side is "rear", the back side is "left", and the front side is "right". Further, the upper side in FIG. 1 is referred to as "upper" and the lower side is referred to as "lower".

As shown in FIG. 1, the color printer 1 includes a main body housing 10, a top cover 11, a paper feeding unit 20 and an image forming unit 30 provided in the main body housing 10. Further, in the main body housing 10, a temperature sensor 13 for detecting the temperature inside the main body housing 10, a patch detection sensor 75 as an example of the sensor, and a control unit 800 are provided.

The top cover 11 is arranged on the upper part of the main body housing 10 and is rotatably provided with respect to the main body housing 10 around the rear rotation shaft 11A, and is formed on the upper part of the main body housing 10. The opening 10A is opened and closed. Specifically, the top cover 11 can be moved to a closed position (position in FIG. 1) for closing the opening 10A and an open position (position in FIG. 2) for opening the opening 10A.

The paper feed unit 20 is provided in the lower part of the main body housing 10 and includes a paper feed tray 21 for accommodating the paper P and a paper supply mechanism 22 for supplying the paper P from the paper feed tray 21 to the image forming unit 30. ing. The paper P in the paper feed tray 21 is separated one by one by the paper supply mechanism 22 and supplied to the image forming unit 30.

The image forming unit 30 includes four exposure heads 40, four process cartridge PCs, a transfer unit 70, and a fixing unit 80.

The exposure head 40 has a light emitting element and an imaging lens at its tip, and is held by the top cover 11 (more specifically, a holder 12 described later) so as to be suspended from the top cover 11, and the top cover 11 is closed. In this state, they are arranged so as to face each other above the photoconductor 51, which will be described later. Specifically, the exposure head 40 has a reference position (position in FIG. 1) closer to the photoconductor 51 and a retracted position (position in FIG. 2) farther from the photoconductor 51 than the reference position by opening and closing the top cover 11. ) And can be moved. The exposure head 40 exposes the surface of the photoconductor 51 by blinking the light emitting element based on the image data. The structure of the exposure head 40 will be described in detail later.

Each process cartridge PC is arranged in parallel between the top cover 11 and the paper feed tray 21 along the front-rear direction. Each process cartridge PC can be attached and detached through the opening 10A of the main body housing 10 in a state where the top cover 11 is opened (see FIG. 2). The process cartridge PC includes a drum unit 50 and a developing cartridge 60 as an example of a developing device. The developing cartridge 60 is removable from the drum unit 50.

The drum unit 50 includes a photoconductor 51, which is a cylindrical photoconductor drum, a scorotron type charger 52 for charging the photoconductor 51, a pressing spring 53 for urging the developing cartridge 60 toward the photoconductor 51, and cleaning. It includes a roller 54 and a drum frame 55 that supports the photoconductor 51 and the like.

The developing cartridge 60 mainly includes a toner accommodating portion 61 for accommodating toner and a developing roller 62 for supplying the toner in the toner accommodating portion 61 to the photoconductor 51. Toner is a developer that develops an electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor 51. The toner accommodating portion of each developing cartridge 60 contains yellow, magenta, cyan, and black toners in this order from the front.

The transfer unit 70 is provided between the paper feed tray 21 and the process cartridge PC. The transfer unit 70 includes a drive roller 71, a driven roller 72, an endless transfer belt 73 as an example of a transfer medium, and four transfer rollers 74 as an example of a transfer device. The transport belt 73 is stretched between the drive roller 71 and the driven roller 72. The outer surface of the transport belt 73 is in contact with each photoconductor 51, and each transfer roller 74 is arranged inside the transport belt 73 so as to sandwich the transport belt 73 with each photoconductor 51.

A patch detection sensor 75 is provided diagonally below the rear of the transport belt 73. The patch detection sensor 75 is a sensor that detects the print density of the toner image for density correction formed on the transport belt 73, and is arranged so as to face the rear portion of the transport belt 73. In the following description, the toner image for density correction formed on the transport belt 73 is also referred to as a “patch”. The patch detection sensor 75 is a light reflection type sensor including a light emitting element such as an LED and a light receiving element such as a phototransistor, and irradiates the patch with light to detect the reflected light.

The fixing unit 80 is provided behind the process cartridge PC and the transfer unit 70, and includes a heating roller 81 and a pressure roller 82 that is pressed toward the heating roller 81.

In such an image forming unit 30, the surface of the photoconductor 51 is uniformly charged by the charger 52 and then exposed by the exposure head 40, whereby the electrostatic latent potential based on the image data is obtained on the photoconductor 51. An image is formed. Then, by applying a voltage to the developing roller 62, toner is supplied from the developing roller 62 to the photoconductor 51, the electrostatic latent image is visualized, and a toner image is formed on the photoconductor 51. The voltage applied to the developing roller 62 is also referred to as a developing bias. That is, the developing cartridge 60 develops the electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor 51.

The toner image formed on each photoconductor 51 is sequentially superposed on the paper P transported on the transport belt 73 and transferred by the transfer roller 74. The toner image is heat-fixed on the paper P on which the toner image is transferred by being conveyed between the heating roller 81 and the pressure roller 82. After that, the paper P is discharged from the inside of the main body housing 10 to the outside by the transport roller 91, and is placed on the paper discharge tray 11B formed on the upper surface of the top cover 11.

Next, the structure around the photoconductor 51 and the structure of the exposure head 40 will be described in detail.
As shown in FIG. 3, in the present embodiment, the rotation axis X1 of the photoconductor 51 extends in the left-right direction. In the following description, the extending direction of the rotation axis X1, that is, the left-right direction is also simply referred to as "rotation axis direction".

Each end of the photoconductor 51 in the direction of the rotation axis is rotatably supported by the rotation support member 500. Each rotation support member 500 arranged on one end side and the other end side of the photoconductor 51 is supported by the drum frame 55.

The photoconductor 51 includes a cylindrical base tube 51A and two fitting members 400 that fit on the inner peripheral surface of the base tube 51A. The raw tube 51A is made of a conductive material such as metal. A photosensitive layer is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the raw tube 51A.

The fitting member 400 is provided on one end side and the other end side of the raw pipe 51A in the direction of the rotation axis, respectively. The fitting member 400 is made of resin. The fitting member 400 can rotate together with the raw pipe 51A by being fitted into the inner peripheral surface of the raw pipe 51A. The fitting member 400 integrally integrates a fitting portion 410 located inside the end surface A1 of the raw pipe 51A in the rotation axis direction and an exposed portion 420 located outside the end surface A1 of the raw pipe 51A in the rotation axis direction. Have in.

The fitting portion 410 is formed in a substantially columnar shape. The fitting portion 410 is fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the raw pipe 51A.

The exposed portion 420 has a supported portion 421 supported by the rotation support member 500, and a flange portion 422 protruding radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the supported portion 421. The supported portion 421 is formed in a substantially columnar shape. The outer diameter of the supported portion 421 is smaller than the outer diameter of the raw pipe 51A.

The flange portion 422 is formed in a substantially disk shape. The flange portion 422 is arranged between the supported portion 421 and the fitting portion 410 in the direction of the rotation axis. The flange portion 422 is in contact with the end surface A1 of the raw pipe 51A. The outer diameter of the flange portion 422 is larger than the outer diameter of the raw pipe 51A.

The rotation support member 500 is a member that rotatably supports the outer peripheral surface of the supported portion 421 of the fitting member 400. The rotation support member 500 is configured as a slide bearing made of resin. The rotation support member 500 is located outside the raw pipe 51A in the direction of the rotation axis.

The rotation support member 500 has a contact surface 531 that abuts on the exposure head 40. The contact surface 531 is located radially outside the surface of the raw pipe 51A. Specifically, the contact surface 531 projects radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the flange portion 422 of the fitting member 400 toward the exposure head 40.

The exposure head 40 includes a first frame 100 and a second frame 200, and an interval adjusting member 300 arranged between the second frame 200 and the drum unit 50.

The first frame 100 and the second frame 200 are made of resin. The first frame 100 integrally has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped base portion 110 that is long in the left-right direction and two extending portions 120 that extend outward in the left-right direction from each end face of the base portion 110 in the left-right direction. .. The base portion 110 is made of resin and is open in the vertical direction.

An LED array 101 is provided in the base portion 110. A lens array 102, which is an optical member that forms an image of light from the LED array 101 on the surface of the photoconductor 51, is provided in the opening below the base portion 110.

The LED array 101 is a semiconductor element having a plurality of light emitting portions arranged in the direction of the rotation axis, and each light emitting portion is sequentially lit to scan and expose the photoconductor 51. In the following description, the direction in which the photoconductor 51 is scanned in the rotation axis direction by a plurality of light emitting units arranged in the rotation axis direction is referred to as a main scanning direction. Further, the optical axis direction of the light emitted from the LED array 101 is simply referred to as "optical axis direction". Further, the direction orthogonal to the optical axis direction and the main scanning direction is referred to as a sub-scanning direction. In the present embodiment, the main scanning direction substantially coincides with the left-right direction and the longitudinal direction of the exposure head 40, the sub-scanning direction substantially coincides with the front-rear direction, and the optical axis direction substantially coincides with the vertical direction. There is.

As shown in FIG. 5, the lens array 102 has a plurality of imaging lenses 102A arranged in the longitudinal direction of the exposure head 40. The plurality of imaging lenses 102A are formed of a columnar refractive index distribution type lens, and are arranged in two rows in a staggered pattern in the main scanning direction. The light emitted from one light emitting portion of the LED array 101 is diffused light, which is incident on the end faces of the plurality of imaging lenses 102A and is imaged as an upright equal-magnification image at one location on the surface of the photoconductor 51. ..

Here, in the lens array 102, since the plurality of imaging lenses 102A are arranged longer in the main scanning direction than in the sub-scanning direction, the aperture diaphragm corresponding to the light emitted from one light emitting portion of the LED array 101 is , The width in the main scanning direction is larger than the width in the sub scanning direction. Therefore, as shown in the figure, the width B1 in the main scanning direction of the light emitted from one light emitting unit of the LED array 101 is smaller than the width B2 in the sub-scanning direction on the lens array 102. The wider the aperture diaphragm, the shallower the depth of focus of the light on the image plane. Therefore, in the present embodiment, when the light is out of focus, it tends to be blurred in the main scanning direction.

The extending portion 120 is located above the left and right ends of the base portion 110. The extension 120 is supported by a second frame 200.

The second frame 200 is a resin frame that supports the first frame 100, and is supported in a state of being suspended by a resin holder 12 that is rotatably supported by the top cover 11. The second frame 200 integrally has a substantially rectangular base portion 210 that is long in the left-right direction and two projecting portions 220 that support both ends of the first frame 100 in the rotation axis direction.

The base portion 210 has a first recess 211, a second recess 212, and a hole 213. Two holes 213 are provided at intervals in the left-right direction. The holes 213 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the base portion 210 in the left-right direction. Each hole 213 penetrates the base portion 210 in the front-rear direction.

The holder 12 has a hook 12A for suspending the base portion 210 at a position corresponding to each hole 213. The tip of each hook 12A projects inward in the front-rear direction and engages with each hole 213.

The first recess 211 is a recess that opens toward the holder 12 side. The first recess 211 is formed one by one on the lateral side in the left-right direction with respect to the two holes 213 on the left and right. A compression coil spring SP, which is an urging member, is provided between the bottom surface of the first recess 211 and the holder 12. The compression coil spring SP urges the exposure head 40 toward the photoconductor 51.

The second recess 212 is a recess that opens toward one side in the front-rear direction. The second recess 212 is formed one by one on the lateral side in the left-right direction with respect to the left and right first recesses 211. Specifically, the second recess 212 is arranged at a position closer to the end portion than the center in the left-right direction of the base portion 210. The lower wall of the second recess 212 is a support wall 214 that supports the spacing adjusting member 300.

Each protruding portion 220 protrudes from the lower surface of the base portion 210 toward the photoconductor 51. The extending portion 120 of the first frame 100 is attached to the protruding portion 220 by a resin spring 700.

The interval adjusting member 300 is a member for adjusting the distance between the exposure head 40 and the photoconductor 51 in the optical axis direction at a reference position, and includes one contact member 310 and two spacers 320. .. The contact member 310 defines the distance in the optical axis direction from the lens array 102 to the photoconductor 51 by contacting the contact surface 531 of the rotation support member 500.

The contact member 310 is made of resin. The contact member 310 is movably supported in the optical axis direction by the support wall 214. The spacer 320 is arranged between the abutting member 310 and the support wall 214. The number of spacers 320 is appropriately determined according to the dimensional error.

The interval adjusting member 300 configured as described above is supported in a state of being suspended from the second frame 200 in a state where the exposure head 40 is located at the retracted position. As shown in FIG. 4, when the exposure head 40 is located at the reference position, the upper spacer 320 is in contact with the support wall 214. Specifically, when the exposure head 40 is moved from the retracted position to the reference position, the contact member 310 first comes into contact with the contact surface 531 of the rotation support member 500, so that the contact member 310 moves. Is stopped. After that, the second frame 200 moves so as to approach the contact member 310 whose movement has been stopped, and when the support wall 214 comes into contact with the spacer 320, the movement of the second frame 200 is stopped. The exposure head 40 is positioned in the optical axis direction.

As shown in FIG. 6, the control unit 800 includes a CPU, RAM, ROM, and an input / output circuit, and print jobs output from an external computer 900 and information output from the sensors 13 and 75. The control is executed by performing various arithmetic processes based on the programs and data stored in the ROM or the like. Specifically, the control unit 800 includes a calculation unit 810 such as a CPU, a control circuit 820 that controls a developing roller 62, an exposure head 40, and the like, and a memory 830. The control unit 800 executes print control and density correction by operating based on a program stored in the memory 830.

The control unit 800 has a function of executing print control for forming an image on the paper P based on a print job output from the computer 900. Specifically, when the control unit 800 prints an image on the paper P when executing the print control, the control unit 800 is as illustrated in FIG. 7 so that the print density of the image becomes a predetermined target density. One print pattern image is selected from a plurality of print pattern images having different exposure densities. The print pattern image consists of a binary image. The exposure density refers to the area ratio of the pixels to be exposed in the pattern image for printing.

Here, the print density is the density of the toner image developed by the developing roller 62, and is the density detected by the patch detection sensor 75. The target density means the target density specified by the printing command. For example, when the target density specified by the print command is 20%, the control unit 800 selects a print pattern image having an exposure density of 20% and executes print control on the print pattern image. However, the relationship between the target density and the exposure density is changed by the gradation setting process described later. For example, the state in which a print pattern image having an exposure density of 20% is associated with a target density of 20% has been changed to a state in which a print pattern image having an exposure density of 10% is associated with a target density of 20%. In this case, when the image is formed at the target density of 20%, the image formation is executed with the print pattern image having the exposure density of 10%.

As described above, the control unit 800 selects one print pattern image corresponding to the target density from the plurality of print pattern images, and then exposes and develops the print pattern image using the print pattern image. A toner image having a target density is formed on the photoconductor 51.

The print pattern images P1 to P5 correspond to exposure densities of 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100%, and are stored in the memory 830 in advance. Here, in FIG. 7, the print pattern images P1 to P5 corresponding to the respective exposure densities of 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100% are illustrated, but in reality, other exposure densities such as 90% are illustrated. A print pattern image corresponding to the exposure density such as is also stored in the memory 830 in advance. Here, the print pattern images P1 to P5 shown in FIG. 7 are assumed to indicate print pattern images corresponding to one of yellow, magenta, cyan, and black.

The first print pattern image P1 corresponding to an exposure density of 20% is an example of the first pattern image. The first print pattern image P1 has a plurality of unit images G1. The unit images G1 are separated from each other in the main scanning direction and the sub-scanning direction, and are arranged at different positions. In the unit image G1, the length in the main scanning direction is larger than the length in the sub scanning direction.

When the exposure head 40 is exposed to the photoconductor 51 in a state where the exposure head 40 is deviated from the reference position in the optical axis direction, the print density of the first print pattern image P1 is higher than that when the exposure head 40 is exposed at the reference position. The image is formed low. Specifically, when the photoconductor 51 is exposed to the first printing pattern image P1 while the exposure head 40 is located at the reference position under predetermined image forming conditions, the toner image transferred to the paper P or the transport belt 73 is transferred. The print density of is 20%, which is the target density. On the other hand, when the photoconductor 51 is exposed to the first printing pattern image P1 with the exposure head 40 deviated from the reference position under the same image forming conditions, the toner transferred to the paper P or the transport belt 73 is transferred. The print density of the image is lower than the target density of 20%.

The third print pattern image P3 corresponding to the exposure density of 60% is an example of the second pattern image. The third print pattern image P3 is composed of a plurality of linear patterns G3.

When the exposure head 40 is exposed to the photoconductor 51 in a state where the exposure head 40 is deviated from the reference position in the optical axis direction, the print density of the third print pattern image P3 is higher than that when the exposure head 40 is exposed at the reference position. The image is formed high. Specifically, when the photoconductor 51 is exposed to the third printing pattern image P3 while the exposure head 40 is located at the reference position under predetermined image forming conditions, the toner image transferred to the paper P or the transport belt 73 is transferred. The print density of is 60%, which is the target density. On the other hand, when the photoconductor 51 is exposed to the third printing pattern image P3 with the exposure head 40 deviated from the reference position under the same image forming conditions, the toner transferred to the paper P or the transport belt 73 is transferred. The print density of the image is higher than the target density of 60%.

The second print pattern image P2 corresponding to the exposure density of 40% is an example of the third pattern image. The second print pattern image P2 is composed of a plurality of linear patterns G2.

Such a second print pattern image P2 has an exposure density between the exposure density of the first print pattern image P1 and the exposure density of the third print pattern image P3. Specifically, the exposure density of 40% corresponding to the second print pattern image P2 is 20% of the exposure density corresponding to the first print pattern image P1 and 60% of the exposure density corresponding to the third print pattern image P3. It is a value between. Further, the print density when the image is formed by the second print pattern image P2 is also the print density when the image is formed by the first print pattern image P1 and the print density when the image is formed by the third print pattern image P3. It is a value between the concentration and the concentration.

The fourth printing pattern image P4 corresponding to an exposure density of 80% is composed of a plurality of linear patterns G4.
The angle θ of the patterns G1 to G4 is 45 ° or less with respect to the reference line LB. Specifically, the angle θ of the straight line L along the patterns G1 to G4 with respect to the reference line LB is 45 ° or less. The print pattern images P1 to P5 shown in FIG. 7 show print pattern images corresponding to a certain color, but the pattern images corresponding to different colors may have different pattern shapes or angles θ. ..

The fifth print pattern image P5 corresponding to an exposure density of 100% has a configuration having one unit image G5. The unit image G5 is configured to fill the entire area where the fifth print pattern image P5 is formed.

Returning to FIG. 6, the control unit 800 has a function of executing development bias setting and gradation setting processing as an example of image formation condition setting processing based on the detection result of the patch detection sensor 75. ing. Specifically, the control unit 800 can execute a mode in which only the development bias setting is performed and a mode in which both the development bias setting and the gradation setting process are performed, based on various conditions described in detail later.

In the development bias setting, the control unit 800 forms a toner image by the second printing pattern image P2, and sets the development bias as an example of the image formation conditions of the toner image based on the result detected by the patch detection sensor 75. do. Specifically, in the development bias setting, the control unit 800 uses two types of development biases to form a toner image corresponding to the two second printing pattern images P2. More specifically, the control unit 800 forms two electrostatic latent images on the photoconductor 51 using the second printing pattern image P2, and uses two types of development bias for each of the two electrostatic latent images. By developing, patches having two kinds of print densities are formed on the photoconductor 51. After that, the control unit 800 transfers each patch from the photoconductor 51 to the transfer belt 73, and detects each patch on the transfer belt 73 with the patch detection sensor 75. Then, the control unit 800 converts the intensity of the reflected light from each patch detected by the patch detection sensor 75 into the print density, and sets the print density to the target density based on the two types of print density and the two types of development bias. The development bias is calculated, and the calculated development bias is set in place of the previous development bias.

Before executing the gradation setting process, the control unit 800 forms a toner image corresponding to the second printing pattern image P2 with the development bias set by the development bias setting, and detects this toner image with the patch detection sensor 75. do. The control unit 800 executes a gradation setting process for changing the relationship between the target density and the print pattern image based on the result detected by the patch detection sensor 75. Here, the "relationship between the target density and the print pattern image" is an example of image formation conditions other than the development bias.

More specifically, before executing the gradation setting process, the control unit 800 uses the print pattern images P1 to P5 corresponding to the exposure densities of 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100% on the photoconductor 51. Five electrostatic latent images are formed, and each electrostatic latent image is developed with the development bias set at that time to form patches having five types of print densities. After that, the control unit 800 detects each patch transferred from the photoconductor 51 to the transport belt 73 with the patch detection sensor 75. The control unit 800 converts the intensity of the reflected light from each patch into the print density in the gradation setting process. Then, the control unit 800 compares each of the calculated print densities with the corresponding exposure densities, and if the compared print densities and the exposure densities are different, the control unit 800 corrects the relationship between the print densities and the exposure densities to achieve the target. Change the relationship between the density and the print pattern image. The details of this correction will be described later.

In addition to storing the print pattern images P1 to P5 described above, the memory 830 stores various threshold values used for control, a program for operating the control unit 800, and the like.

Next, the operation of the control unit 800 will be described in detail.
As shown in FIG. 8, the control unit 800 first determines whether or not there is a print command (S1). If it is determined in step S1 that there is a print command (Yes), the control unit 800 detects the temperature by the temperature sensor 103 (S2), and the difference between the temperature detected this time and the temperature detected last time is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. By determining whether or not, it is determined whether or not the temperature change from the previous print control is large (S3).

If it is determined in step S3 that the temperature change is large (Yes), the control unit 800 executes the development bias setting (S4). After step S4 or after determining No in step S3, the control unit 800 executes print control using the print pattern image (S5).

Specifically, in step S5, when printing a predetermined portion of the paper P, the control unit 800 selects a print pattern image having an exposure density corresponding to the print density of the predetermined portion specified by the print command. Print control is executed using the selected print pattern image. For example, when the print density of a predetermined portion specified by the print command is 20%, the control unit 800 selects the first print pattern image P1 corresponding to the exposure density of 20%, and the first print pattern. A predetermined portion is printed using the image P1. After step S5, that is, after the print control is completed, the control unit 800 ends the control.

If it is determined in step S1 that there is no print command (No), the control unit 800 determines whether or not the process cartridge PC has been replaced (S6). If it is determined in step S6 that the process cartridge PC has not been replaced (No), the control unit 800 determines whether or not the print density correction command has been issued by the user (S7). Here, the print density correction command by the user may be, for example, a correction command output from the computer 900 when the user operates the computer 900, or an operation (not shown) provided by the user on the color printer 1. It may be a correction command output from the operation panel by operating the panel.

If it is determined in step S7 that there is no correction command (No), the control unit 800 ends this control. When it is determined in step S7 that there is a correction command (Yes), or when it is determined in step S6 that the process cartridge PC has been replaced (Yes), the control unit 800 executes the development bias setting (S8). .. After step S8, the control unit 800 forms five patches on the transport belt 73 using the five printing pattern images P1 to P5 corresponding to the five types of exposure densities of 20 to 100% (S9). ..

After step S9, the control unit 800 detects the print density of each patch using the patch detection sensor 75 (S10). After step S10, the control unit 800 compares each detected print density with each exposure density, and if the detected print density and the exposure density corresponding to the print density are different, the gradation setting process is performed. Execute (S11) to end this control.

Here, in step S11, when the gradation setting process has not been performed even once in the past, the target density and the exposure density have the same value as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. Here, the graph shown in FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the target density and the exposure density, that is, when printing at a predetermined target density, a printing pattern having a predetermined exposure density corresponding to the predetermined target density is obtained. It is a graph which shows that it is selected.

In the gradation setting process, for example, as shown by black circles in the figure, when a patch formed by using the first printing pattern image P1 corresponding to an exposure density of 20% is detected by the patch detection sensor 75, the patch of the patch is used. When the print density becomes 10%, the control unit 800 re-stores the first print pattern image P1 as a pattern image corresponding to the target density of 10%. That is, in the next print control, when an image is formed with a target density of 10%, if the image is formed with the first print pattern image P1 corresponding to the exposure density of 20%, the print density becomes 10%. The control unit 800 associates the first printing pattern image P1 having an exposure density of 20% with the target density of 10%. That is, the control unit 800 changes the relationship between the target density and the print pattern image.

Further, in the gradation setting process, when the print density when the second print pattern image P2 having an exposure density of 40% is detected by the patch detection sensor 75 is 40%, that is, the target density, the exposure density, and the print density are set. If they match, the relationship between the target density and the exposure density is linearly interpolated as shown by the broken line in the figure. As a result, for example, in the next printing control, when a patch is formed at a target density of 20%, a print pattern image corresponding to an exposure density X corresponding to the intersection of a line having a target density of 20% and a broken line in the figure is obtained. Is selected, so that the print pattern image can be printed with an appropriate print density. As a result, the gradation can be satisfactorily expressed based on the target density indicated by the print command.

Based on the above, the following effects can be obtained in the present embodiment.
The exposure density of the first print pattern image P1 in which the print density becomes low when the exposure head 40 deviates from the reference position, and the third print pattern image in which the print density becomes high when the exposure head 40 deviates from the reference position. The print density of the image formed by the second print pattern image P2, which is the exposure density between the exposure density of P3, is the same as when the image is located at the reference position even when the exposure head 40 deviates from the reference position. It has been confirmed by experiments that the values are close to each other. Therefore, by setting the development bias based on the print density of the patch formed in the second print pattern image P2, the development bias can be appropriately set even when the focal position of the exposure head 40 is deviated. ..

When the exposure head 40 deviates from the reference position in the optical axis direction, the exposure head 40 tends to be blurred in the longitudinal direction, so that the angle of the linear pattern G2 is close to perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. As a result, the linear pattern becomes thicker, and the difference between the print density when the exposure head 40 deviates from the reference position and the print density when the exposure head 40 is located at the reference position becomes large. On the other hand, since the angle of the linear pattern G2 is reduced to 45 ° or less with respect to the longitudinal direction, it is possible to prevent the linear pattern G2 from becoming thicker, and printing when the exposure head 40 deviates from the reference position. The difference between the density and the print density when it is located at the reference position can be reduced. Therefore, by setting the development bias based on the print density of the patch formed in the second print pattern image P2, the development bias can be set more appropriately even when the focal position of the exposure head 40 is deviated. can do.

Since the development bias is set as the image formation condition, the density correction can be performed satisfactorily.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be used in various forms as illustrated below. In the following description, members having substantially the same structure as that of the above embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the above embodiment, the exposure density of the second printing pattern image P2 is set to 40%, but the present invention is not limited to this. The exposure density of the second printing pattern image P2 may be 50% or less, preferably 30 to 45%.

In the above embodiment, the linear pattern G2 of the second printing pattern image P2 is inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction of the exposure head 40, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 10, the linear pattern G21 of the second printing pattern image P21 corresponding to the third pattern image may be parallel to the longitudinal direction of the exposure head 40.

By making the linear pattern G21 parallel to the longitudinal direction of the exposure head 40 in this way, even if the exposure head 40 deviates from the reference position, the print density is substantially the same as when the exposure head 40 is located at the reference position. Therefore, by setting the development bias based on the print density of the patch formed in the second print pattern image P21, the development bias can be set even when the focal position of the exposure head 40 is deviated. It can be set more appropriately.

In the above embodiment, the development bias is exemplified as the image formation condition set in the image formation condition setting process, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the image formation condition is, for example, charge bias, exposure intensity, transfer bias, or the like. There may be.

In the above-described embodiment, the image formation condition other than the development bias, which is changed based on the result of reading the second printing pattern image formed by the development bias set by the image formation condition setting process by the patch detection sensor 75, is set as the “target”. The relationship between the density and the pattern image for printing ”is not limited to this, but the present invention is not limited to this. The image formation conditions other than the development bias may be, for example, charge bias, exposure intensity, transfer bias, and the like.

In the above embodiment, as the interval adjusting member, the interval adjusting member 300 that abuts on the contact surface 531 of the rotation support member 500 has been exemplified, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the interval adjusting member may be, for example, an exposure head. It may be a roller that is rotatably provided and comes into contact with the photoconductor drum.

In the above embodiment, the photoconductor 51 has been exemplified as the photoconductor, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the photoconductor may be, for example, a belt-shaped photoconductor.

In the above embodiment, the scorotron type charger 52 has been exemplified as the charger, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the charger may be, for example, a corotron type charger or is in contact with a photoconductor. It may be a charging roller.

In the above embodiment, the exposure head 40 provided with an LED is exemplified as the exposure head, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the exposure head emits light other than the LED such as an EL (electroluminescence) element or a phosphor. It may be provided with a part.

In the above embodiment, the transfer roller 74 has been exemplified as the transfer device, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the transfer device may be any one to which a transfer bias is applied, such as a conductive brush or a conductive leaf spring. ..

In the above embodiment, the transport belt 73 has been exemplified as the transfer medium, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the transfer medium may be, for example, paper.

In the above embodiment, the present invention is applied to the color printer 1, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention may be applied to other image forming devices such as monochrome printers, copiers, and multifunction devices. good.

In addition, each element described in the above-described embodiment and modification may be arbitrarily combined and implemented.

1 Color printer 40 Exposure head 51 Photoreceptor drum 52 Charger 60 Development cartridge 73 Conveyance belt 74 Transfer roller 75 Patch detection sensor 800 Control unit P1 First print pattern image P2 Second print pattern image P3 Third print pattern image

Claims (8)

Photoreceptor and
A charger that charges the photoconductor and
An exposure head that exposes the photoconductor and
A developer that develops an electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor, and
A transfer device that transfers the developer image on the photoconductor to a transfer medium, and
A sensor that detects the print density of the developer image on the transfer medium, and
With a control unit
The control unit
It consists of a binary image, and as a pattern image with a predetermined exposure density,
When the exposure head is exposed to the photoconductor in a state deviated from the reference position in the optical axis direction, the print density is formed to be lower than that when the exposure head is exposed at the reference position, and the first pattern image.
A second pattern image formed with a higher print density than when the exposure head is exposed to the photoconductor in a state where the exposure head is deviated from the reference position in the optical axis direction as compared with the case where the exposure head is exposed at the reference position.
It is possible to form a third pattern image having an exposure density between the exposure density of the first pattern image and the exposure density of the second pattern image.
Forming a third pattern image, based on a result detected by the sensor, and the developing bias setting for setting the developing bias,
After executing the development bias setting, an image including the first pattern image, the second pattern image, and the third pattern image is formed by the development bias set by the development bias setting, and the result detected by the sensor. An image forming apparatus characterized by executing a gradation setting process for changing the relationship between a target density and a pattern image for printing based on the above. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the exposure density of the third pattern image is 25% or more and 50% or less. The image forming apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the exposure density of the third pattern image is 30 to 45%. Any of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the first pattern image, the second pattern image, and the third pattern image each consist of a linear pattern having the same angle with respect to the longitudinal direction of the exposure head. The image forming apparatus according to item 1. The first pattern image, the second pattern image, and the third pattern image corresponding to a predetermined color have a linear pattern in which the angle is a predetermined angle.
A claim characterized in that the first pattern image, the second pattern image, and the third pattern image corresponding to a color different from the predetermined color have a linear pattern whose angle is different from the predetermined angle. Item 4. The image forming apparatus according to item 4. The image forming apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the angle of the linear pattern is 45 ° or less with respect to the longitudinal direction of the exposure head. The image forming apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the linear pattern is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the exposure head. The exposure head is configured to be movable between the reference position close to the photoconductor and the retracted position away from the photoconductor.
The image forming apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , further comprising an interval adjusting member for adjusting the distance between the exposure head and the photoconductor in the optical axis direction at the reference position.

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