JP6925040B2

JP6925040B2 - Analytical device and analytical method

Info

Publication number: JP6925040B2
Application number: JP2018158329A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 宮川　拓也; 拓也宮川; 本郷　禎人; 禎人本郷; 史隆石橋; 桂増西; 濱崎　浩史; 浩史濱崎; 直文中村
Original assignee: Aipore Inc
Current assignee: Aipore Inc
Priority date: 2018-08-27
Filing date: 2018-08-27
Publication date: 2021-08-25
Anticipated expiration: 2038-08-27
Also published as: JP2020034288A

Description

本発明の実施形態は、分析装置、分析素子、及び、分析方法に関する。 Embodiments of the present invention relate to an analyzer, an analytical element, and an analytical method.

ウイルスなどの粒子を含む液体に流れる電流の信号を検出することで粒子を分析する分析装置がある。分析装置において、分析精度の向上が望まれる。 There are analyzers that analyze particles by detecting the signal of an electric current flowing through a liquid containing particles such as a virus. It is desired to improve the analysis accuracy of the analyzer.

国際公開第２０１６／１３９８０９号International Publication No. 2016/139809

本発明の実施形態は、分析精度の向上が可能な分析装置、分析素子、及び、分析方法を提供する。 An embodiment of the present invention provides an analyzer, an analytical element, and an analytical method capable of improving analytical accuracy.

本発明の実施形態によれば、分析装置は、第１〜第３壁、第１〜第３電極及び制御部を含む。前記第１壁と前記第３壁との間に第１空間が設けられる。前記第２壁と前記第３壁との間に第２空間が設けられる。前記第３壁は、前記第１空間と前記第２空間とつながる少なくとも１つの孔を含む。前記第１電極は、前記第１空間に設けられる。前記第２電極及び前記第３電極は、前記第２空間に設けられる。前記制御部は、前記第１電極、前記第２電極及び前記第３電極と電気的に接続される。前記制御部は、電荷を有する第１粒子を前記第３電極から前記第２電極に向けて移動させる第１動作と、前記第１動作の後に行われ、前記第１粒子を前記第２空間から前記孔を通過して前記第１空間に移動させる第２動作と、前記第１動作と前記第２動作の間に行われ、前記第１粒子を前記第２電極から離す第３動作とを少なくとも実施する。前記第１動作において、前記制御部は、前記第３電極を前記第２電極の前記第１動作における電位を基準にした第１極性の第１電位に設定するとともに、前記第１電極を、前記第２電極の前記第１動作における前記電位と、前記第１電位との間に設定する。前記第２動作において、前記制御部は、前記第１電極を前記第２電極の前記第２動作における電位を基準にした第２極性の第２電位に設定して、前記第１粒子が前記孔を通過するときの前記第１電極と前記第２電極との間の電気抵抗の変化に応じた信号を検出する。前記第２極性は前記第１極性とは逆である。前記第３動作において、前記制御部は、前記第３電極を前記第２電極の前記第３動作における電位を基準にした前記第２極性の第３電位に設定する。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the analyzer includes first to third walls, first to third electrodes and a control unit. A first space is provided between the first wall and the third wall. A second space is provided between the second wall and the third wall. The third wall includes at least one hole connecting the first space and the second space. The first electrode is provided in the first space. The second electrode and the third electrode are provided in the second space. The control unit is electrically connected to the first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode. The control unit is performed after the first operation of moving the first charged particles from the third electrode toward the second electrode and the first operation, and moves the first particles from the second space. At least a second operation of passing through the hole and moving to the first space and a third operation performed between the first operation and the second operation and separating the first particle from the second electrode are performed. implement. In the first operation, the control unit sets the third electrode to the first potential of the first polarity based on the potential of the second electrode in the first operation, and sets the first electrode to the first potential. It is set between the potential in the first operation of the second electrode and the first potential . In the second operation, the control unit, the first electrode is set to the second potential of the second polarity in which the potential to criteria in the second operation of the second electrode, wherein the first particles are the A signal corresponding to a change in electrical resistance between the first electrode and the second electrode when passing through the hole is detected. The second polarity is the opposite of the first polarity. In the third operation, the control unit sets the third electrode to the third potential of the second polarity based on the potential of the second electrode in the third operation.

図１（ａ）〜図１（ｃ）は、第１実施形態に係る分析装置を例示する模式図である。1 (a) to 1 (c) are schematic views illustrating the analyzer according to the first embodiment. 図２（ａ）〜図２（ｈ）は、第１実施形態に係る分析装置の動作を例示する模式図である。2 (a) to 2 (h) are schematic views illustrating the operation of the analyzer according to the first embodiment. 図３は、第１実施形態に係る分析装置の動作を例示する模式的断面図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the operation of the analyzer according to the first embodiment. 図４は、第１実施形態に係る分析装置の動作を例示する模式的断面図である。FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the operation of the analyzer according to the first embodiment. 図５は、第１実施形態に係る分析装置の動作を例示する模式的断面図である。FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the operation of the analyzer according to the first embodiment. 図６は、第１実施形態に係る分析装置の動作を例示する模式的断面図である。FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the operation of the analyzer according to the first embodiment. 図７（ａ）及び図７（ｂ）は、第１実施形態に係る分析装置の一部を例示する模式図である。7 (a) and 7 (b) are schematic views illustrating a part of the analyzer according to the first embodiment. 図８（ａ）〜図８（ｃ）は、第１実施形態に係る分析装置を例示する模式図である。8 (a) to 8 (c) are schematic views illustrating the analyzer according to the first embodiment.

以下に、本発明の各実施の形態について図面を参照しつつ説明する。
図面は模式的または概念的なものであり、各部分の厚さと幅との関係、部分間の大きさの比率などは、必ずしも現実のものと同一とは限らない。同じ部分を表す場合であっても、図面により互いの寸法や比率が異なって表される場合もある。
本願明細書と各図において、既出の図に関して前述したものと同様の要素には同一の符号を付して詳細な説明は適宜省略する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The drawings are schematic or conceptual, and the relationship between the thickness and width of each part, the ratio of the sizes between the parts, etc. are not always the same as the actual ones. Even if the same part is represented, the dimensions and ratios of each may be represented differently depending on the drawing.
In the specification of the present application and each of the drawings, the same elements as those described above with respect to the above-described drawings are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted as appropriate.

（第１実施形態）
図１（ａ）〜図１（ｃ）は、第１実施形態に係る分析装置を例示する模式図である。図１（ａ）は断面図である。図１（ｂ）及び図１（ｃ）は、分析装置の一部の平面図である。 (First Embodiment)
1 (a) to 1 (c) are schematic views illustrating the analyzer according to the first embodiment. FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view. 1 (b) and 1 (c) are plan views of a part of the analyzer.

図１（ａ）に示すように、実施形態に係る分析装置１１０は、分析素子２１０及び制御部７０を含む。分析素子２１０は、第１壁１１、第２壁１２、第３壁１３、第１電極５１、第２電極５２及び第３電極５３を含む。 As shown in FIG. 1A, the analyzer 110 according to the embodiment includes an analysis element 210 and a control unit 70. The analysis element 210 includes a first wall 11, a second wall 12, a third wall 13, a first electrode 51, a second electrode 52, and a third electrode 53.

第１壁１１と第３壁１３との間に第１空間２１が設けられる。第２壁１２と第３壁１３との間に第２空間２２が設けられる。 A first space 21 is provided between the first wall 11 and the third wall 13. A second space 22 is provided between the second wall 12 and the third wall 13.

第３壁１３は、少なくとも１つの孔１３ｈを含む。孔１３ｈは、第１空間２１と第２空間２２とつながる。孔１３ｈは、第１空間２１から第２空間２２への方向において、第３壁１３を貫く。第３壁１３は、複数の孔１３ｈを含んでも良い。 The third wall 13 includes at least one hole 13h. The hole 13h is connected to the first space 21 and the second space 22. The hole 13h penetrates the third wall 13 in the direction from the first space 21 to the second space 22. The third wall 13 may include a plurality of holes 13h.

第１壁１１及び第３壁１３により、１つの容器（または、１つのチャンバ）が形成される。第２壁１２及び第３壁１３により、別の１つの容器（または、別の１つのチャンバが形成される。第１空間２１の少なくとも一部に、第１液体２１Ｌを溜めることができる。第２空間２２の少なくとも一部に、第２液体２２Ｌを溜めることができる。 The first wall 11 and the third wall 13 form one container (or one chamber). The second wall 12 and the third wall 13 form another container (or another chamber. At least a part of the first space 21 can store the first liquid 21L. The second liquid 22L can be stored in at least a part of the two spaces 22.

この例では、第１貯蔵部１０ａ及び第２貯蔵部１０ｂが設けられる。これらの貯蔵部は、第２空間２２とつながっている。この例では、第２空間２２と第２貯蔵部１０ｂとの間にポンプ１０Ｐが設けられる。例えば、第１貯蔵部１０ａに第２液体２２Ｌが貯蔵される。ポンプ１０Ｐの動作により、第１貯蔵部１０ａから第２空間２２に第２液体２２Ｌが導入される。さらに、第２液体２２Ｌは、ポンプ１０Ｐを介して、第２空間２２から第２貯蔵部１０ｂに流出しても良い。例えば、ポンプ１０Ｐの動作により、第２空間２２からポンプ１０Ｐに向けて第２液体２２Ｌが流出しても良い。このときの第２液体２２Ｌの流れの向きを正とする。ポンプ１０Ｐの動作により、ポンプ１０Ｐから第２空間２２へ向けて第２液体２２Ｌが流入しても良い。このときの第２液体２２Ｌの流れの向きを負とする。このように、ポンプ１０Ｐの動作により、第２液体２２Ｌが正または負の向きに移動しても良い。 In this example, a first storage section 10a and a second storage section 10b are provided. These storage units are connected to the second space 22. In this example, the pump 10P is provided between the second space 22 and the second storage portion 10b. For example, 22 L of the second liquid is stored in the first storage unit 10a. By the operation of the pump 10P, the second liquid 22L is introduced from the first storage portion 10a into the second space 22. Further, the second liquid 22L may flow out from the second space 22 to the second storage portion 10b via the pump 10P. For example, the operation of the pump 10P may cause the second liquid 22L to flow out from the second space 22 toward the pump 10P. The direction of the flow of the second liquid 22L at this time is positive. By the operation of the pump 10P, the second liquid 22L may flow in from the pump 10P toward the second space 22. The direction of flow of the second liquid 22L at this time is negative. In this way, the second liquid 22L may move in the positive or negative direction by the operation of the pump 10P.

第３壁１３の厚さ方向をＺ軸方向とする。Ｚ軸方向に対して垂直な１つの方向をＸ軸方向とする。Ｚ軸方向及びＸ軸方向に対して垂直な方向をＹ軸方向とする。 The thickness direction of the third wall 13 is the Z-axis direction. One direction perpendicular to the Z-axis direction is defined as the X-axis direction. The direction perpendicular to the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction is defined as the Y-axis direction.

第３壁１３は、例えば、Ｘ−Ｙ平面に沿って広がる。第１壁１１及び第２壁１２は、例えば、Ｘ−Ｙ平面に沿って広がる部分と、その部分と交差する部分と、を含む。 The third wall 13 extends, for example, along the XY plane. The first wall 11 and the second wall 12 include, for example, a portion extending along the XY plane and a portion intersecting the portion.

第１液体２１Ｌは、例えば、電解液を含む。第１液体２１Ｌは、例えば、ＴＥ（Tris/EDTA）バッファ溶液、または、ＰＢＳ（Phosphate Buffer Saline）バッファ溶液などの緩衝溶液を含んでも良い。第１液体２１Ｌは、例えば、ＫＣｌ水溶液のような電解質溶液を含んでも良い。第１液体２１Ｌは、例えば、リン酸バッファ、Tris系バッファ、及び、ＨＥＰＥＳバッファよりなる群から選択された少なくとも１つを含む。 The first liquid 21L contains, for example, an electrolytic solution. The first liquid 21L may contain, for example, a buffer solution such as a TE (Tris / EDTA) buffer solution or a PBS (Phosphate Buffer Saline) buffer solution. The first liquid 21L may contain an electrolyte solution such as an aqueous KCl solution. The first liquid 21L contains, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of a phosphate buffer, a Tris-based buffer, and a HEPES buffer.

第２液体２２Ｌは、検出対象（分析対象）の第１粒子３１を含む。第１粒子３１は、例えば、検体である。第２液体２２Ｌは、第１粒子３１と電解液を含む。第２液体２２Ｌの電解液は、例えば、リン酸バッファ、Tris系バッファ及びＨＥＰＥＳバッファよりなる群から選択された少なくとも１つを含む。第２液体２２Ｌの電解液は、第１液体２１Ｌに含まれる電界液と同じでも良い。 The second liquid 22L contains the first particle 31 of the detection target (analysis target). The first particle 31 is, for example, a sample. The second liquid 22L contains the first particles 31 and the electrolytic solution. The electrolytic solution of the second liquid 22L contains, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of a phosphate buffer, a Tris-based buffer and a HEPES buffer. The electrolytic solution of the second liquid 22L may be the same as the electric field liquid contained in the first liquid 21L.

図１（ａ）に示すように、第２液体２２Ｌは、第２粒子３２をさらに含む場合があっても良い。例えば、第２粒子３２は、検出対象ではない。第２粒子３２は、例えば夾雑物である。 As shown in FIG. 1A, the second liquid 22L may further contain the second particles 32. For example, the second particle 32 is not a detection target. The second particle 32 is, for example, a contaminant.

図１（ａ）は、第１空間２１に第１液体２１Ｌが導入され、第２空間２２に第２液体２２Ｌが導入された状態を例示している。これらの液体が導入された状態を分析準備状態ＯＰＰとする。分析準備状態ＯＰＰの前において、これらの液体がこれらの空間に導入されていなくても良い。 FIG. 1A illustrates a state in which the first liquid 21L is introduced into the first space 21 and the second liquid 22L is introduced into the second space 22. The state in which these liquids are introduced is referred to as the analysis preparation state OPP. Prior to the analysis ready state OPP, these liquids may not have been introduced into these spaces.

第１電極５１は、第１空間２１に設けられる。第２電極５２及び第３電極５３は、第２空間２２に設けられる。 The first electrode 51 is provided in the first space 21. The second electrode 52 and the third electrode 53 are provided in the second space 22.

この例では、第３電極５３から第２電極５２への方向は、Ｘ−Ｙ平面に沿う。 In this example, the direction from the third electrode 53 to the second electrode 52 is along the XY plane.

図１（ｂ）は、第２電極５２、第３電極５３及び孔１３ｈを例示している。孔１３ｈは、例えば、Ｚ軸方向において、第２電極５２と重なる。この例では、第３電極５３は、第２電極５２の周りに設けられている。図１（ｃ）は、第３壁１３を例示している。第３壁１３に孔１３ｈが設けられている。 FIG. 1B illustrates the second electrode 52, the third electrode 53, and the hole 13h. The hole 13h overlaps with the second electrode 52, for example, in the Z-axis direction. In this example, the third electrode 53 is provided around the second electrode 52. FIG. 1 (c) illustrates the third wall 13. A hole 13h is provided in the third wall 13.

図１（ａ）に示すように、１つの例において、分析素子２１０（分析装置１１０）は、第１化合物４０をさらに含んでも良い。第１化合物４０は、第２電極５２に設けられる。第１化合物４０により、検出対象の第１粒子３１の捕獲効率が高まる。第１粒子３１の特性に応じて、第１化合物４０が決められても良い。第１化合物４０の例については、後述する。 As shown in FIG. 1A, in one example, the analyzer 210 (analyzer 110) may further include the first compound 40. The first compound 40 is provided on the second electrode 52. The first compound 40 increases the capture efficiency of the first particle 31 to be detected. The first compound 40 may be determined according to the characteristics of the first particle 31. An example of the first compound 40 will be described later.

図１（ａ）に示すように、制御部７０は、第１電極５１、第２電極５２及び第３電極５３と電気的に接続される。制御部７０は、これらの電極の電位を制御する。この例では、制御部７０は、ポンプ１０Ｐとさらに電気的に接続される。制御部７０は、ポンプ１０Ｐの動作を制御しても良い。 As shown in FIG. 1A, the control unit 70 is electrically connected to the first electrode 51, the second electrode 52, and the third electrode 53. The control unit 70 controls the potentials of these electrodes. In this example, the control unit 70 is further electrically connected to the pump 10P. The control unit 70 may control the operation of the pump 10P.

以下、制御部７０の動作の例について説明する。 Hereinafter, an example of the operation of the control unit 70 will be described.

図２（ａ）〜図２（ｈ）は、第１実施形態に係る分析装置の動作を例示する模式図である。
図３〜図６は、第１実施形態に係る分析装置の動作を例示する模式的断面図である。
図３は、後述する第１動作ＯＰ１に対応する。図４は、後述する第４動作ＯＰ４に対応する。図５は、後述する第３動作ＯＰ３に対応する。図６は、後述する第２動作ＯＰ２に対応する。 2 (a) to 2 (h) are schematic views illustrating the operation of the analyzer according to the first embodiment.
3 to 6 are schematic cross-sectional views illustrating the operation of the analyzer according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 3 corresponds to the first operation OP1 described later. FIG. 4 corresponds to the fourth operation OP4 described later. FIG. 5 corresponds to the third operation OP3 described later. FIG. 6 corresponds to the second operation OP2 described later.

図２（ａ）〜図２（ｈ）の横軸は、時間ｔｍである。図２（ａ）〜図２（ｃ）の縦軸は、第１〜第３電極５１〜５３の電位Ｅ１〜Ｅ３にそれぞれ対応する。図２（ｄ）の縦軸は、第１空間２１への第１液体２１Ｌの流動量Ｌ１を例示する。図２（ｅ）の縦軸は、第２空間２２における第２液体２２Ｌの流動量Ｌ２を例示する。図２（ｅ）の縦軸は、例えばポンプ１０Ｐの動作に対応する。「＋」は正の向きの第２液体２２Ｌの移動に対応し、「−」は負の向きの第２液体２２Ｌの移動に対応する。図２（ｆ）の縦軸は、第２電極５２の近傍における第１粒子３１の濃度Ａｍ１（例えば量）に対応する。図２（ｇ）の縦軸は、第２電極５２の近傍における第２粒子３２の濃度Ａｍ２（例えば量）に対応する。図２（ｈ）の縦軸は、第１電極５１と第２電極５２との間に生じる信号（検出信号Ｉｓ１）に対応する。 The horizontal axis of FIGS. 2A to 2H is the time tm. The vertical axis of FIGS. 2 (a) to 2 (c) corresponds to the potentials E1 to E3 of the first to third electrodes 51 to 53, respectively. The vertical axis of FIG. 2D exemplifies the flow amount L1 of the first liquid 21L into the first space 21. The vertical axis of FIG. 2E illustrates the flow amount L2 of the second liquid 22L in the second space 22. The vertical axis of FIG. 2E corresponds to, for example, the operation of the pump 10P. “+” Corresponds to the movement of the second liquid 22L in the positive direction, and “−” corresponds to the movement of the second liquid 22L in the negative direction. The vertical axis of FIG. 2F corresponds to the concentration Am1 (for example, amount) of the first particle 31 in the vicinity of the second electrode 52. The vertical axis of FIG. 2 (g) corresponds to the concentration Am2 (for example, amount) of the second particle 32 in the vicinity of the second electrode 52. The vertical axis of FIG. 2H corresponds to the signal (detection signal Is1) generated between the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52.

図２（ｄ）に示すように、分析準備動作ＯＰＰにおいて、第１空間２１への第１液体２１Ｌの流動量Ｌ１が大きい。例えば、第１液体２１Ｌが第１空間２１に流入し、第１空間２１に第１液体２１Ｌが蓄えられる。分析準備動作ＯＰＰの後、流動量Ｌ１は小さくなり、この状態が継続する。 As shown in FIG. 2D, in the analysis preparation operation OPP, the flow amount L1 of the first liquid 21L into the first space 21 is large. For example, the first liquid 21L flows into the first space 21, and the first liquid 21L is stored in the first space 21. After the analysis preparation operation OPP, the flow amount L1 becomes small, and this state continues.

図２（ｅ）に示すように、分析準備動作ＯＰＰにおいて、第２空間２２への第２液体２２Ｌの流動量Ｌ２が大きい。例えば、第２液体２２Ｌが第２空間２２に流入し、第２空間２２に第２液体２２Ｌが蓄えられる。分析準備動作ＯＰＰの後、後述する第１動作ＯＰ１まで、この状態が継続する。 As shown in FIG. 2E, in the analysis preparation operation OPP, the flow amount L2 of the second liquid 22L into the second space 22 is large. For example, the second liquid 22L flows into the second space 22, and the second liquid 22L is stored in the second space 22. After the analysis preparation operation OPP, this state continues until the first operation OP1 described later.

分析準備動作ＯＰＰにおける１つの例において、第１〜第３電極５１〜５３の電位Ｅ１〜Ｅ３は、電位Ｖ０に設定される（図２（ａ）〜図２（ｃ）参照）。濃度Ａｍ１及びＡｍ２は低く、検出信号Ｉｓ１は小さい（図２（ｆ）〜図２（ｈ）参照）。 In one example of the analysis preparation operation OPP, the potentials E1 to E3 of the first to third electrodes 51 to 53 are set to the potential V0 (see FIGS. 2 (a) to 2 (c)). The concentrations Am1 and Am2 are low, and the detection signal Is1 is small (see FIGS. 2 (f) to 2 (h)).

既に説明したように、分析準備動作ＯＰＰにおいては、図１（ａ）に例示した状態が得られる。 As described above, in the analysis preparation operation OPP, the state illustrated in FIG. 1A can be obtained.

分析準備動作ＯＰＰの後に第１動作ＯＰ１が実施される。第１動作ＯＰ１は、例えば、制御部７０により行われる。図３は、第１動作ＯＰ１における状態を例示している。 The first operation OP1 is performed after the analysis preparation operation OPP. The first operation OP1 is performed by, for example, the control unit 70. FIG. 3 illustrates a state in the first operation OP1.

図２（ｃ）に示すように、第１動作ＯＰ１において、制御部７０は、第３電極５３を第１電位Ｅ０１に設定する。第１電位Ｅ０１は、第２電極５２の第１動作ＯＰ１における電位（この例では電位Ｅ２１）を基準にした第１極性の電位である。この例では、第１極性は、負である。第１電位Ｅ０１は、図２（ｃ）に例示する電位Ｅ３２である。 As shown in FIG. 2C, in the first operation OP1, the control unit 70 sets the third electrode 53 to the first potential E01. The first potential E01 is a potential of the first polarity based on the potential (potential E21 in this example) in the first operation OP1 of the second electrode 52. In this example, the first polarity is negative. The first potential E01 is the potential E32 illustrated in FIG. 2 (c).

第１粒子３１の種類に応じて、第１粒子３１は、電荷を有する。この例では、第１粒子３１は負の電荷を有する。例えば、第１粒子３１は負に帯電している。後述するように、第１粒子３１が正の電荷を有する場合は、上記の第１極性は、正としても良い。以下では、第１粒子３１が負の電荷を有する場合の例について説明する。 Depending on the type of the first particle 31, the first particle 31 has an electric charge. In this example, the first particle 31 has a negative charge. For example, the first particle 31 is negatively charged. As will be described later, when the first particle 31 has a positive charge, the first polarity may be positive. Hereinafter, an example in which the first particle 31 has a negative charge will be described.

第３電極５３が上記のような第１電位Ｅ０１（この場合は負）に設定されると、第２液体２２Ｌ中の第１粒子３１は、第３電極５３から第２電極５２に向けて移動する（図３参照）。移動は、例えば、電気泳動力に基づく。移動により、図２（ｆ）に示すように、第２電極５２の近傍における第１粒子３１の濃度Ａｍ１が高くなる。 When the third electrode 53 is set to the first potential E01 (negative in this case) as described above, the first particles 31 in the second liquid 22L move from the third electrode 53 toward the second electrode 52. (See Fig. 3). The movement is based, for example, on electrophoretic force. As shown in FIG. 2F, the movement increases the concentration Am1 of the first particle 31 in the vicinity of the second electrode 52.

このように、実施形態においては、第１動作ＯＰ１により、第２液体２２Ｌ中の第１粒子３１が第２電極５２の近傍に集められる。第２電極５２に第１化合物４０が設けられる場合、集められた複数の第１粒子３１の少なくとも一部が、第１化合物４０に捕獲されても良い（図３参照）。第１動作ＯＰ１は、例えば、捕獲動作である。 As described above, in the embodiment, the first operation OP1 collects the first particles 31 in the second liquid 22L in the vicinity of the second electrode 52. When the first compound 40 is provided on the second electrode 52, at least a part of the plurality of collected first particles 31 may be captured by the first compound 40 (see FIG. 3). The first operation OP1 is, for example, a capture operation.

図２（ｇ）に示すように、第１粒子３１の移動に連動して、第２電極５２の近傍における第２粒子３２の濃度Ａｍ２が高くなる場合があっても良い。 As shown in FIG. 2 (g), the concentration Am2 of the second particle 32 in the vicinity of the second electrode 52 may increase in conjunction with the movement of the first particle 31.

図２（ａ）に示すように、このような第１動作ＯＰ１において、制御部７０は、第１電極５１を、第２電極５２の第１動作ＯＰ１における電位（この例では電位Ｅ２１）と、第１電位Ｅ０１（この例では電位Ｅ３２）と、の間に設定しても良い。この例では、第１電極５１は、電位Ｖ０に設定される。これにより、第１動作ＯＰ１において、第１粒子３１が第１電極５１に向けて移動することが抑制できる。 As shown in FIG. 2A, in such a first operation OP1, the control unit 70 sets the first electrode 51 with the potential (potential E21 in this example) of the second electrode 52 in the first operation OP1. It may be set between the first potential E01 (potential E32 in this example). In this example, the first electrode 51 is set to the potential V0. As a result, in the first operation OP1, the movement of the first particle 31 toward the first electrode 51 can be suppressed.

上記のように、制御部７０は、第１動作ＯＰ１を、第１空間２２の少なくとも一部に第１液体２１Ｌが導入され、第２空間２２の少なくとも一部に第２液体２２Ｌが導入された状態で実施する。 As described above, in the control unit 70, the first operation OP1 is introduced, the first liquid 21L is introduced into at least a part of the first space 22, and the second liquid 22L is introduced into at least a part of the second space 22. Carry out in the state.

第１動作ＯＰ１の後に、制御部７０は、第２動作ＯＰ２を実施する。図２（ａ）〜図２（ｈ）に示すように、第３動作ＯＰ３及び第４動作ＯＰ４がさらに実施されても良い。第３動作ＯＰ３及び第４動作ＯＰ４の例については後述し、以下では、第２動作ＯＰ２の例について説明する。 After the first operation OP1, the control unit 70 executes the second operation OP2. As shown in FIGS. 2A to 2H, the third operation OP3 and the fourth operation OP4 may be further carried out. Examples of the third operation OP3 and the fourth operation OP4 will be described later, and an example of the second operation OP2 will be described below.

図２（ａ）に例示するように、第２動作ＯＰ２において、制御部７０は、第１電極５１を第２電位Ｅ０２に設定する。第２電位Ｅ０２は、第２電極５２の第２動作ＯＰ２における電位（この例では、電位Ｅ２２）を規準にした、第２極性の電位である。第２極性は、第１極性とは逆である。この例では、第１極性は負であり、第２極性は正である。この例では、第２電位Ｅ０２は、電位Ｅ１１である。 As illustrated in FIG. 2A, in the second operation OP2, the control unit 70 sets the first electrode 51 to the second potential E02. The second potential E02 is a potential of the second polarity based on the potential (potential E22 in this example) in the second operation OP2 of the second electrode 52. The second polarity is the opposite of the first polarity. In this example, the first polarity is negative and the second polarity is positive. In this example, the second potential E02 is the potential E11.

図２（ｈ）に示すように、このような第２動作ＯＰ２において、第１電極５１と第２電極５２との間の信号（検出信号Ｉｓ１）にピーク（ボトム）が生じる。制御部７０は、第１電極５１と第２電極５２との間の検出信号Ｉｓ１を検出する。 As shown in FIG. 2H, in such a second operation OP2, a peak (bottom) occurs in the signal (detection signal Is1) between the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52. The control unit 70 detects the detection signal Is1 between the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52.

検出信号Ｉｓ１に含まれるピーク（ボトム）は、例えば、第１粒子３１の孔１３ｈの通過に対応する。例えば、孔１３ｈに第１粒子３１が無い状態においては、電流経路は、孔１３ｈの面積に対応した電気抵抗を有する。例えば、孔１３ｈに第１粒子３１がある状態においては、電流経路は、孔１３ｈに対応して狭くなる（図６参照）。このため、電流経路の抵抗は、孔１３ｈに第１粒子３１が無い状態における電気抵抗よりも低くなる。この電気抵抗の変化に応じたピーク（ボトム）が生じる。図６に示す例のように、第２動作ＯＰ２において、第１粒子３１は、第１化合物４０の一部とともに孔１３ｈを通過しても良い。 The peak (bottom) included in the detection signal Is1 corresponds to, for example, the passage of the first particle 31 through the hole 13h. For example, in the state where the first particle 31 is not present in the hole 13h, the current path has an electric resistance corresponding to the area of the hole 13h. For example, when the first particle 31 is present in the hole 13h, the current path becomes narrower corresponding to the hole 13h (see FIG. 6). Therefore, the resistance of the current path is lower than the electrical resistance in the state where the first particle 31 is not present in the hole 13h. A peak (bottom) is generated according to this change in electrical resistance. As shown in the example shown in FIG. 6, in the second operation OP2, the first particle 31 may pass through the pore 13h together with a part of the first compound 40.

第２動作ＯＰ２において、制御部７０が、検出信号Ｉｓ１に生じるピーク（ボトム）を検出することで、第１粒子３１を検出（分析）できる。例えば、ピーク（例えばボトム）の高さ及び幅は、第１粒子３１の種類に応じた値を有する。例えば、このような特性を利用してピークの検出結果から、第１粒子３１を分析できる。第２動作ＯＰ２は、検出動作（または分析動作）に対応する。 In the second operation OP2, the control unit 70 can detect (analyze) the first particle 31 by detecting the peak (bottom) generated in the detection signal Is1. For example, the height and width of the peak (for example, the bottom) have values depending on the type of the first particle 31. For example, the first particle 31 can be analyzed from the peak detection result by utilizing such a characteristic. The second operation OP2 corresponds to the detection operation (or analysis operation).

このように、制御部７０は、第１動作ＯＰ１と、第１動作ＯＰ１の後に行われる第２動作ＯＰ２と、を少なくとも実施する。第１動作ＯＰ１において、制御部７０は、第３電極５３を、第２電極５２の第１動作ＯＰ１における電位を基準にした第１極性の第１電位Ｅ０１に設定する。第２動作ＯＰ２において、制御部７０は、第１電極５１を、第２電極５２の第２動作ＯＰ２における電位を規準にした第２極性の第２電位Ｅ０２に設定する。第２極性は、第１極性とは逆である。 In this way, the control unit 70 at least performs the first operation OP1 and the second operation OP2 performed after the first operation OP1. In the first operation OP1, the control unit 70 sets the third electrode 53 to the first potential E01 of the first polarity based on the potential of the second electrode 52 in the first operation OP1. In the second operation OP2, the control unit 70 sets the first electrode 51 to the second polar second potential E02 based on the potential of the second electrode 52 in the second operation OP2. The second polarity is the opposite of the first polarity.

このような第１動作ＯＰ１を第２動作ＯＰ２の前に行うことで、検出対象の第１粒子３１を第２電極５２の近傍に集めることができる。第２電極５２の近傍における第１粒子３１の濃度が高くなった状態で、第２動作ＯＰ２（検出動作）を行うことで、例えば、より多くのピークが生じるようになる。例えば、検出対象のピークが増えることで、検出精度が向上できる。実施形態によれば、例えば、分析精度の向上が可能な分析装置、分析素子、及び、分析方法を提供できる。 By performing such a first operation OP1 before the second operation OP2, the first particles 31 to be detected can be collected in the vicinity of the second electrode 52. By performing the second operation OP2 (detection operation) in a state where the concentration of the first particle 31 is high in the vicinity of the second electrode 52, for example, more peaks are generated. For example, the detection accuracy can be improved by increasing the number of peaks to be detected. According to the embodiment, for example, an analyzer, an analysis element, and an analysis method capable of improving analysis accuracy can be provided.

第１動作ＯＰ１を実施することで、例えば、短い時間で、ピークが得られる状態が得られる。例えば、検出時間が短くできる。 By carrying out the first operation OP1, for example, a state in which a peak can be obtained in a short time can be obtained. For example, the detection time can be shortened.

図２（ｃ）に示すように、第２動作ＯＰ２において、制御部７０は、第３電極５３を、第２電位Ｅ０２と、第２電極５２の第２動作ＯＰ２における上記の電位（電位Ｅ２２）と、の間に設定する。この例では、第２動作ＯＰ２において、第３電極５３は、電位Ｖ０に設定される。これにより、例えば、第２動作ＯＰ２において、第１粒子３１が第３電極５３に向けて移動することが抑制される。例えば、第１粒子３１が効率良く孔１３ｈを通過できる。 As shown in FIG. 2C, in the second operation OP2, the control unit 70 uses the third electrode 53 as the second potential E02 and the above-mentioned potential (potential E22) in the second operation OP2 of the second electrode 52. And set between. In this example, in the second operation OP2, the third electrode 53 is set to the potential V0. As a result, for example, in the second operation OP2, the movement of the first particle 31 toward the third electrode 53 is suppressed. For example, the first particle 31 can efficiently pass through the pores 13h.

上記のように、制御部７０は、第２動作ＯＰ２を、第１空間２２の少なくとも一部に第１液体２１Ｌが導入され、第２空間２２の少なくとも一部に第２液体２２Ｌが導入された状態で実施する。 As described above, the control unit 70 has introduced the second operation OP2, the first liquid 21L into at least a part of the first space 22, and the second liquid 22L into at least a part of the second space 22. Carry out in the state.

既に説明したように、制御部７０は、第３動作ＯＰ３をさらに実施しても良い。以下、第３動作ＯＰ３の例について説明する。 As described above, the control unit 70 may further perform the third operation OP3. Hereinafter, an example of the third operation OP3 will be described.

図２（ａ）〜図２（ｈ）に示すように、制御部７０は、例えば、第１動作ＯＰ１と第２動作ＯＰ２の間に第３動作ＯＰ３をさらに実施する。 As shown in FIGS. 2A to 2H, the control unit 70 further performs the third operation OP3 between the first operation OP1 and the second operation OP2, for example.

第３動作ＯＰ３において、制御部７０は、第３電極５３を第３電位Ｅ０３（この例では電位Ｅ３１）に設定する。第３電位Ｅ０３は、第２電極５２の第３動作ＯＰ３における電位（この例ではＥ２２）を基準にした、第２極性の電位である。第２極性は、この例では、正である。 In the third operation OP3, the control unit 70 sets the third electrode 53 to the third potential E03 (potential E31 in this example). The third potential E03 is a potential of the second polarity based on the potential (E22 in this example) in the third operation OP3 of the second electrode 52. The second polarity is positive in this example.

図５に示すように、このような第３動作ＯＰ３により、例えば、第１粒子３１が第２電極５２から離れる。これにより、第２電極５２の近傍における第１粒子３１の濃度が高く、第１粒子３１が移動し易い状態が形成できる。 As shown in FIG. 5, such a third operation OP3 causes, for example, the first particle 31 to separate from the second electrode 52. As a result, the concentration of the first particles 31 in the vicinity of the second electrode 52 is high, and a state in which the first particles 31 can easily move can be formed.

この例では、第２電極５２に第１化合物４０が設けられている。第１化合物４０は、第１粒子３１を、例えば、特異的に捕獲する。例えば、第１化合物４０は、第１粒子３１と、特異的に結合しても良い。例えば、第１化合物４０と第１粒子３１とが、特異的に互いに吸着しても良い。例えば、第１化合物４０に、第１粒子３１が特異的に付着しても良い。第３動作ＯＰ３により、第１粒子３１を捕獲した第１化合物４０が第２電極５２から離れる。第１化合物４０に捕獲された第１粒子３１の濃度が高く第１粒子３１が移動し易い状態が形成できる。第３動作ＯＰ３における第１化合物４０の離脱の例については、後述する。 In this example, the first compound 40 is provided on the second electrode 52. The first compound 40 specifically captures the first particles 31, for example. For example, the first compound 40 may specifically bind to the first particle 31. For example, the first compound 40 and the first particle 31 may specifically adsorb to each other. For example, the first particle 31 may be specifically attached to the first compound 40. By the third operation OP3, the first compound 40 that has captured the first particle 31 is separated from the second electrode 52. A state in which the concentration of the first particles 31 captured by the first compound 40 is high and the first particles 31 can easily move can be formed. An example of withdrawal of the first compound 40 in the third operation OP3 will be described later.

図２（ｆ）に示すように、このような第３動作ＯＰ３により、第２電極５２の近傍における第１粒子３１の濃度Ａｍ１が低下する。図５に示すように、第１粒子３１は、第２電極５２から離れ、第２電極５２から少し離れた位置において、高い濃度で集まる。 As shown in FIG. 2 (f), such a third operation OP3 reduces the concentration Am1 of the first particle 31 in the vicinity of the second electrode 52. As shown in FIG. 5, the first particle 31 gathers at a high concentration at a position slightly away from the second electrode 52 and away from the second electrode 52.

第３動作ＯＰ３は、例えば、第２電極５２からの離脱動作である。このような第３動作ＯＰ３の後に、第２動作ＯＰ２（検出動作）が行われる。これにより、第２電極５２の近傍における第１粒子３１の濃度が高く、第１粒子３１が移動し易い状態が形成できる。これにより、第２動作ＯＰ２（検出動作）において、第１粒子３１が効率的に孔１３ｈを通過できる。分析精度をより向上できる。 The third operation OP3 is, for example, a detaching operation from the second electrode 52. After such a third operation OP3, a second operation OP2 (detection operation) is performed. As a result, the concentration of the first particles 31 in the vicinity of the second electrode 52 is high, and a state in which the first particles 31 can easily move can be formed. As a result, in the second operation OP2 (detection operation), the first particle 31 can efficiently pass through the hole 13h. The analysis accuracy can be further improved.

図２（ａ）に示すように、第３動作ＯＰ３において、例えば、制御部７０は、第１電極５１を、第２電極５２の第３動作ＯＰ３における上記の電位（この例では、電位Ｅ２２）と、第３電位Ｅ０３（この例では電位Ｅ３１）と、の間に設定する。この例では、第３動作ＯＰ３において、例えば、制御部７０は、第１電極５１を電位Ｖ０に設定する。これにより、第１粒子３１が孔１３ｈ通過することが抑制できる。 As shown in FIG. 2A, in the third operation OP3, for example, the control unit 70 uses the first electrode 51 as the above-mentioned potential (in this example, the potential E22) in the third operation OP3 of the second electrode 52. And the third potential E03 (potential E31 in this example). In this example, in the third operation OP3, for example, the control unit 70 sets the first electrode 51 to the potential V0. As a result, it is possible to prevent the first particle 31 from passing through the pores 13h.

既に説明したように、制御部７０は、第４動作ＯＰ４をさらに実施しても良い。以下、第４動作ＯＰ４の例について説明する。 As described above, the control unit 70 may further perform the fourth operation OP4. Hereinafter, an example of the fourth operation OP4 will be described.

図２（ａ）〜図２（ｈ）に示すように、例えば、制御部７０は、第１動作ＯＰ１と第３動作ＯＰ３の間に第４動作ＯＰ４をさらに実施する。 As shown in FIGS. 2A to 2H, for example, the control unit 70 further performs the fourth operation OP4 between the first operation OP1 and the third operation OP3.

図２（ｂ）及び図２（ｃ）に示すように、制御部７０は、第３電極５３の第４動作ＯＰ４における電位と、第２電極５２の第４動作ＯＰ４における電位との差の絶対値を、第１電位Ｅ０１と、第２電極５２の第１動作ＯＰ１における上記の電位（例えば電位Ｅ２１）と、の差の絶対値よりも小さくする。この例では、第３電極５３の第４動作ＯＰ４における電位は電位Ｖ０であり、第２電極５２の第４動作ＯＰ４においる電位は電位Ｖ０である。これらの電位の差は、０である。 As shown in FIGS. 2B and 2C, the control unit 70 has an absolute difference between the potential of the third electrode 53 in the fourth operation OP4 and the potential of the second electrode 52 in the fourth operation OP4. The value is made smaller than the absolute value of the difference between the first potential E01 and the above-mentioned potential (for example, potential E21) in the first operation OP1 of the second electrode 52. In this example, the potential of the third electrode 53 in the fourth operation OP4 is the potential V0, and the potential of the second electrode 52 in the fourth operation OP4 is the potential V0. The difference between these potentials is zero.

第１電極５１の第４動作ＯＰ４における電位と、第２電極５２の第４動作ＯＰ４における電位と、の差の絶対値を、第１電位Ｅ０１と、第２電極５２の第１動作ＯＰ１における電位（この例では、Ｅ２１）と、の差の絶対値よりも小さくする。この例では、第１電極５１の第４動作ＯＰ４における電位は、電位Ｖ０であり、第２電極５２の第４動作ＯＰ４における電位は電位Ｖ０である。これらの電位の差は、０である。 The absolute value of the difference between the potential of the first electrode 51 in the fourth operation OP4 and the potential of the second electrode 52 in the fourth operation OP4 is the potential of the first potential E01 and the potential of the second electrode 52 in the first operation OP1. (In this example, E21) is made smaller than the absolute value of the difference. In this example, the potential of the first electrode 51 in the fourth operation OP4 is the potential V0, and the potential of the second electrode 52 in the fourth operation OP4 is the potential V0. The difference between these potentials is zero.

このような電位の関係にすることで、第１動作ＯＰ１で形成された状態（第２電極５２の近傍における第１粒子３１の密度が高い状態）が維持される（図３参照）。このような第４動作ＯＰ４において、第２空間２２中の第２液体２２Ｌが流動しても良い。 By having such a potential relationship, the state formed in the first operation OP1 (the state in which the density of the first particles 31 is high in the vicinity of the second electrode 52) is maintained (see FIG. 3). In such a fourth operation OP4, the second liquid 22L in the second space 22 may flow.

例えば、図２（ｅ）に示すように、制御部７０は、第４動作において、ポンプ１０Ｐを制御して、第２空間２２における第２液体２２Ｌの流動量Ｌ２を変化させる。この例では、流動量Ｌ２において、正または負の向きが繰り返される。 For example, as shown in FIG. 2E, the control unit 70 controls the pump 10P in the fourth operation to change the flow amount L2 of the second liquid 22L in the second space 22. In this example, the positive or negative direction is repeated at the flow amount L2.

例えば、制御部７０は、第２空間２２の少なくとも一部に、第２液体２２Ｌを流入させること、及び、第２空間２２の少なくとも一部から、第２液体２２Ｌの少なくとも一部を流出させること、の少なくともいずれかを実施する。これにより、第２液体２２Ｌ中の第２粒子３２が、例えば、第２空間２２から第２貯蔵部１０ｂへ向けて移動する（図４参照）。 For example, the control unit 70 causes the second liquid 22L to flow into at least a part of the second space 22, and causes at least a part of the second liquid 22L to flow out from at least a part of the second space 22. , At least one of them. As a result, the second particle 32 in the second liquid 22L moves, for example, from the second space 22 toward the second storage portion 10b (see FIG. 4).

これにより、第２液体２２Ｌ中の第２粒子３２の濃度を、低下できる（図４参照）。例えば、図２（ｇ）に示すように、第２電極５２の近傍における第２粒子３２の濃度Ａｍ２が低下する。 Thereby, the concentration of the second particle 32 in the second liquid 22L can be reduced (see FIG. 4). For example, as shown in FIG. 2 (g), the concentration Am2 of the second particle 32 in the vicinity of the second electrode 52 decreases.

例えば、第１動作ＯＰ１の状態において第２液体２２Ｌ中に第２粒子３２が含まれる（図３参照）。この後に、第４動作ＯＰ４を実施することで、第２液体２２Ｌにおける第２粒子３２の濃度を低下できる。図４に例示する例では、第２液体２２Ｌに第２粒子３２が実質的に含まれない。 For example, the second particle 32 is contained in the second liquid 22L in the state of the first operation OP1 (see FIG. 3). After this, by carrying out the fourth operation OP4, the concentration of the second particle 32 in the second liquid 22L can be reduced. In the example illustrated in FIG. 4, the second liquid 22L does not substantially contain the second particle 32.

検出対象ではない第２粒子３２の量を減らすことで、検出対象の第１粒子３１を効率良く、高い精度で検出できる。 By reducing the amount of the second particle 32 that is not the detection target, the first particle 31 to be detected can be detected efficiently and with high accuracy.

第４動作ＯＰ４において、第２液体２２Ｌの流速は、例えば、０．００１μＬ／ｍｉｎ以上１０００μＬ／ｍｉｎ以下の範囲で変更される。例えば、第２液体２２Ｌ中の第２粒子３２の量を効率良く低減できる。 In the fourth operation OP4, the flow velocity of the second liquid 22L is changed in the range of 0.001 μL / min or more and 1000 μL / min or less, for example. For example, the amount of the second particles 32 in the second liquid 22L can be efficiently reduced.

実施形態に係る１つの例において、上記の第１極性は負であり、上記の第２極性は正である。実施形態に係る別の例において、上記の第１極性は正であり、上記の第２極性は負でも良い。これらの極性は、例えば、第１粒子３１の特性（極性）に応じて定められても良い。 In one example according to the embodiment, the first polarity is negative and the second polarity is positive. In another example according to the embodiment, the first polarity may be positive and the second polarity may be negative. These polarities may be determined, for example, according to the characteristics (polarity) of the first particle 31.

以下、第１化合物４０の例について説明する。
図７（ａ）及び図７（ｂ）は、第１実施形態に係る分析装置の一部を例示する模式図である。
図７（ａ）に示すように、第１化合物４０は、第２電極５２の面５２ａに設けられる。面５２ａは、例えば表面である。第１化合物４０は、第１端部４１及び第２端部４２を含む。第２端部４２は、第１端部４１と第２電極５２との間にある。第１端部４１は、例えば、１つの官能基である。第２端部４２は、例えば、別の官能基である。 Hereinafter, an example of the first compound 40 will be described.
7 (a) and 7 (b) are schematic views illustrating a part of the analyzer according to the first embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 7A, the first compound 40 is provided on the surface 52a of the second electrode 52. The surface 52a is, for example, a surface. The first compound 40 includes a first end 41 and a second end 42. The second end 42 is between the first end 41 and the second electrode 52. The first end 41 is, for example, one functional group. The second end 42 is, for example, another functional group.

１つの例において、第２端部４２は、硫黄を含む。例えば、第２端部４２は、チオールを含む。第２端部４２は、例えば、チオールにより、第２電極５２に含まれる元素に吸着（または結合）する。第２端部４２は、例えば、ジスルフィドを含んでも良い。 In one example, the second end 42 contains sulfur. For example, the second end 42 contains a thiol. The second end 42 is adsorbed (or bonded) to the element contained in the second electrode 52 by, for example, a thiol. The second end 42 may contain, for example, disulfide.

第１端部４１は、例えば、プローブ機能を有する。第１端部４１は、検出対象の第１粒子３１に合わせて、第１粒子３１を捕獲し易いように設計される。第１端部４１は、例えば、抗体、糖鎖、ペプチド及びアプタマの少なくともいずれかを含む。第１端部４１は、例えば、抗体、糖鎖及び核酸よりなる群から選択された少なくとも１つを含む。 The first end 41 has, for example, a probe function. The first end portion 41 is designed so as to easily capture the first particle 31 according to the first particle 31 to be detected. The first end 41 comprises, for example, at least one of an antibody, a sugar chain, a peptide and an aptamer. The first end 41 comprises, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of antibodies, sugar chains and nucleic acids.

第２端部４２がチオールを含み、第２電極５２がＡｕを含む場合、第３動作ＯＰ３における電位の制御により、例えば、

ＲＳ−Ａｕ＋ｅ− → ＲＳ⁻＋Ａｕ（Ｏ） …（１）

の反応が生じる。上記の（１）式において、「Ｒ」は、第１化合物４０の第２端部４２を除く部分である。上記の（１）により、「ＲＳ⁻」が、第２電極５２のＡｕから離れる。このようにして、第３動作ＯＰ３により、第１粒子３１を捕獲した第１化合物４０が第２電極５２から離れる。 When the second end 42 contains a thiol and the second electrode 52 contains Au, for example, by controlling the potential in the third operation OP3, for example.

^{RS-Au + e- → RS -} + Au (O) ... (1)

Reaction occurs. In the above formula (1), "R" is a portion of the first compound 40 excluding the second end portion 42. The above (1), "RS ^-" is separated from the Au of the second electrode 52. In this way, the first compound 40 that has captured the first particle 31 is separated from the second electrode 52 by the third operation OP3.

第１化合物４０は、例えば、プローブとして機能する。 The first compound 40 functions as, for example, a probe.

図７（ｂ）に示すように、分析装置１１０（分析素子２１０）において、第２化合物４０ｂがさらに設けられても良い。第２化合物４０ｂは、第２電極５２の上記の面５２ａに設けられる。第２化合物４０ｂは、例えば、ポリエチレングリコール鎖を含む。ポリエチレングリコール鎖の分子量は、例えば、１００以上、１００，０００以下である。第２化合物４０ｂは、第３端部４３及び第４端部４４を含んでも良い。第４端部４４は、第３端部４３と第２電極５２との間に設けられる。例えば、第４端部４４により第２化合物４０ｂは、第２電極５２に吸着（または結合）する。第３端部４３は、例えば、第１粒子３１を捕獲しにくい構造を有する。第２化合物４０ｂは、例えば、検出対象ではない第２粒子３２が第２電極５２に吸着することを抑制できる。 As shown in FIG. 7B, the second compound 40b may be further provided in the analyzer 110 (analytical element 210). The second compound 40b is provided on the above-mentioned surface 52a of the second electrode 52. The second compound 40b contains, for example, a polyethylene glycol chain. The molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol chain is, for example, 100 or more and 100,000 or less. The second compound 40b may include a third end 43 and a fourth end 44. The fourth end portion 44 is provided between the third end portion 43 and the second electrode 52. For example, the second compound 40b is adsorbed (or bound) to the second electrode 52 by the fourth end 44. The third end 43 has, for example, a structure that makes it difficult to capture the first particles 31. The second compound 40b can suppress, for example, the adsorption of the second particle 32, which is not the detection target, to the second electrode 52.

第２粒子３２の影響が抑制できる。より高い精度で、検出対象の第１粒子３１を検出できる。 The influence of the second particle 32 can be suppressed. The first particle 31 to be detected can be detected with higher accuracy.

図１（ａ）に示すように、第３電極５３から第２電極５２への方向（図１（ａ）の例では、Ｘ軸方向）は、第３壁１３を孔１３ｈが貫く方向（Ｚ軸方向）と交差する。第３電極５３から第２電極５２への方向は、第２電極５２から孔１３ｈへの方向（例えばＺ軸方向）と交差する。これにより、例えば、第１動作ＯＰ１において、第１粒子３１が孔１３ｈに向けて移動することが抑制できる。 As shown in FIG. 1A, the direction from the third electrode 53 to the second electrode 52 (in the example of FIG. 1A, the X-axis direction) is the direction (Z) through which the hole 13h penetrates the third wall 13. Axial direction) intersects. The direction from the third electrode 53 to the second electrode 52 intersects with the direction from the second electrode 52 to the hole 13h (for example, the Z-axis direction). Thereby, for example, in the first operation OP1, the movement of the first particle 31 toward the hole 13h can be suppressed.

実施形態において、第２電極５２は、第２壁１２のうちで、Ｘ−Ｙ平面と交差する部分に設けられても良い。第３電極５３は、第２壁１２のうちで、Ｘ−Ｙ平面と交差する部分に設けられても良い。 In the embodiment, the second electrode 52 may be provided at a portion of the second wall 12 that intersects the XY plane. The third electrode 53 may be provided at a portion of the second wall 12 that intersects the XY plane.

図８（ａ）〜図８（ｃ）は、第１実施形態に係る分析装置を例示する模式図である。図８（ａ）は平面図である。図８（ｂ）及び図８（ｃ）は、分析装置の一部の平面図である。 8 (a) to 8 (c) are schematic views illustrating the analyzer according to the first embodiment. FIG. 8A is a plan view. 8 (b) and 8 (c) are plan views of a part of the analyzer.

図８（ａ）に示すように、実施形態に係る分析装置１２０は、分析素子２２０及び制御部７０（図１（ａ）参照）を含む。この場合も、分析素子２２０は、第１壁１１、第２壁１２、第３壁１３、第１電極５１、第２電極５２及び第３電極５３を含む。分析素子２２０においては、第３電極５３の位置が、分析素子２１０における第３電極５３の位置とは異なる。分析素子２２０におけるこれ以外の構成は、分析素子２１０における構成と同様なので説明を省略する。以下、分析素子２２０における第３電極５３の位置について説明する。 As shown in FIG. 8A, the analyzer 120 according to the embodiment includes an analysis element 220 and a control unit 70 (see FIG. 1A). In this case as well, the analytical element 220 includes a first wall 11, a second wall 12, a third wall 13, a first electrode 51, a second electrode 52, and a third electrode 53. In the analysis element 220, the position of the third electrode 53 is different from the position of the third electrode 53 in the analysis element 210. Since the other configurations of the analysis element 220 are the same as the configurations of the analysis element 210, the description thereof will be omitted. Hereinafter, the position of the third electrode 53 on the analysis element 220 will be described.

図８（ａ）に示すように、分析素子２２０においては、第２電極５２の少なくとも一部から第３電極５３の少なくとも一部への方向は、第３壁１３に沿う平面（Ｘ−Ｙ平面）と交差する。例えば、第２電極５２の少なくとも一部から第３電極５３の少なくとも一部への方向は、Ｚ軸方向に沿う。例えば、Ｚ軸方向において、第２電極５２の一部と第３電極５３の一部とが互い向かいあう。 As shown in FIG. 8A, in the analysis element 220, the direction from at least a part of the second electrode 52 to at least a part of the third electrode 53 is a plane (XY plane) along the third wall 13. ) And intersect. For example, the direction from at least a part of the second electrode 52 to at least a part of the third electrode 53 is along the Z-axis direction. For example, in the Z-axis direction, a part of the second electrode 52 and a part of the third electrode 53 face each other.

図８（ａ）及び図８（ｂ）に示すように、第３電極５３は、孔１３ｈとつながる孔を含む。 As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the third electrode 53 includes a hole connected to the hole 13h.

このような分析装置１２０（及び分析素子２２０）においても、図２（ａ）〜図２（ｈ）に関して説明した動作を実施できる。例えば、分析精度の向上が可能な分析装置、分析素子、及び、分析方法が提供できる。 Also in such an analyzer 120 (and an analysis element 220), the operations described with respect to FIGS. 2 (a) to 2 (h) can be performed. For example, an analyzer, an analysis element, and an analysis method capable of improving analysis accuracy can be provided.

図８（ｃ）に示すように、分析装置１２１（及び分析素子２２１）において、複数の孔１３ｈが設けられても良い。 As shown in FIG. 8C, the analyzer 121 (and the analyzer 221) may be provided with a plurality of holes 13h.

上記の実施形態において、第１壁１１、第２壁１２及び第３壁１３の少なくとも１つは、例えば、絶縁性の材料を含む。第１壁１１、第２壁１２及び第３壁１３の少なくとも１つは、例えば、酸化シリコン、樹脂及びゴムよりなる群から選択された少なくとも１つを含む。 In the above embodiment, at least one of the first wall 11, the second wall 12, and the third wall 13 contains, for example, an insulating material. At least one of the first wall 11, the second wall 12 and the third wall 13 includes, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of silicon oxide, resin and rubber.

第１〜第３電極５１〜５３の少なくともいずれかは、例えば、Ａｕ、Ａｇ、Ａｌ及びＰｄよりなる群から選択された少なくとも１つを含む。 At least one of the first to third electrodes 51 to 53 includes, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of Au, Ag, Al and Pd.

１つの例において、第１電極５１は、Ａｇ膜とＡｇＣｌ膜との積層膜（Ａｇ／ＡｇＣｌ膜）を含んでも良い。例えば、第２電極５２は、Ａｕを含む。第３電極５３は、Ｐｔ及びＡｕよりなる群から選択された少なくとも１つを含む。第３電極５３は、Ａｇ／ＡｇＣｌ膜を含んでも良い。 In one example, the first electrode 51 may include a laminated film (Ag / AgCl film) of an Ag film and an AgCl film. For example, the second electrode 52 contains Au. The third electrode 53 includes at least one selected from the group consisting of Pt and Au. The third electrode 53 may include an Ag / AgCl film.

（第２実施形態）
第２実施形態は、分析方法に係る。この分析方法は、例えば、第１実施形態に関して説明した制御部７０の動作の少なくとも一部を含む。 (Second Embodiment)
The second embodiment relates to an analysis method. This analysis method includes, for example, at least a part of the operation of the control unit 70 described with respect to the first embodiment.

例えば、この分析装置は、第１実施形態に係る任意の分析素子を用いる。例えば、分析素子は、第１〜第３壁１１〜１３、第１〜第３電極５１〜５３を含む。第１壁１１と第３壁１３との間に第１空間２１が設けられ、第２壁１２と第３壁１３との間に第２空間２２が設けられる。第３壁１３は、第１空間２１と第２空間２２とつながる少なくとも１つの孔１３ｈを含む。第１電極５１は、第１空間２１に設けられる。第２電極５２及び第３電極５３は、第２空間２２に設けられる。この分析方法は、この分析素子を用いて、第１動作ＯＰ１と、第１動作ＯＰ１の後に行われる第２動作ＯＰ２と、を少なくとも実施する。第１動作ＯＰ１及び第２動作ＯＰ２は、第１空間２１の少なくとも一部に第１液体２１Ｌが導入され、第２空間２２の少なくとも一部に第２液体２２Ｌが導入された状態で実施される。 For example, this analyzer uses any analytical element according to the first embodiment. For example, the analytical element includes first to third walls 11 to 13, and first to third electrodes 51 to 53. A first space 21 is provided between the first wall 11 and the third wall 13, and a second space 22 is provided between the second wall 12 and the third wall 13. The third wall 13 includes at least one hole 13h that connects the first space 21 and the second space 22. The first electrode 51 is provided in the first space 21. The second electrode 52 and the third electrode 53 are provided in the second space 22. In this analysis method, at least the first operation OP1 and the second operation OP2 performed after the first operation OP1 are performed by using this analysis element. The first operation OP1 and the second operation OP2 are carried out in a state where the first liquid 21L is introduced into at least a part of the first space 21 and the second liquid 22L is introduced into at least a part of the second space 22. ..

第１動作ＯＰ１において、第３電極５３を、第２電極５２の第１動作ＯＰ１における電位を基準にした第１極性の第１電位Ｅ０１に設定する。第２動作ＯＰ２において、第１電極５１を、第２電極５２の第２動作ＯＰ２における電位を規準にした第２極性の第２電位Ｅ０２に設定して、第１電極５１と第２電極５２との間の信号を検出する。第２極性は、第１極性とは逆である。 In the first operation OP1, the third electrode 53 is set to the first potential E01 of the first polarity based on the potential in the first operation OP1 of the second electrode 52. In the second operation OP2, the first electrode 51 is set to the second polarity second potential E02 based on the potential in the second operation OP2 of the second electrode 52, and the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52 are combined. Detect the signal between. The second polarity is the opposite of the first polarity.

これにより、例えば、分析精度の向上が可能な分析装置、分析素子、及び、分析方法を提供できる。第１動作ＯＰ１を実施することで、例えば、短い時間でピークが得られる状態が得られる。例えば、検出時間が短くできる。 This makes it possible to provide, for example, an analyzer, an analysis element, and an analysis method capable of improving analysis accuracy. By carrying out the first operation OP1, for example, a state in which a peak can be obtained in a short time can be obtained. For example, the detection time can be shortened.

実施形態において、第１動作ＯＰ１において、例えば、第１電極５１を、第２電極５２の第１動作ＯＰ１における電位と、第１電位Ｅ０１と、の間に設定しても良い。 In the first operation OP1, for example, the first electrode 51 may be set between the potential of the second electrode 52 in the first operation OP1 and the first potential E01 in the embodiment.

実施形態は、以下の構成（例えば技術案）を含んでも良い。
（構成１）
第１壁と、
第２壁と、
第３壁であって、前記第１壁と前記第３壁との間に第１空間が設けられ、前記第２壁と前記第３壁との間に第２空間が設けられ、前記第３壁は、前記第１空間と前記第２空間とつながる少なくとも１つの孔を含む、前記第３壁と、
前記第１空間に設けられた第１電極と、
前記第２空間に設けられた第２電極及び第３電極と、
前記第１電極、前記第２電極及び前記第３電極と電気的に接続された制御部と、
を備え、
前記制御部は、第１動作と、前記第１動作の後に行われる第２動作と、を少なくとも実施し、
前記第１動作において、前記制御部は、前記第３電極を前記第２電極の前記第１動作における電位を基準にした第１極性の第１電位に設定し、
前記第２動作において、前記制御部は、前記第１電極を前記第２電極の前記第２動作における電位を規準にした第２極性の第２電位に設定して、前記第１電極と前記第２電極との間の信号を検出し、前記第２極性は前記第１極性とは逆である、分析装置。 The embodiment may include the following configurations (eg, technical proposals).
(Structure 1)
The first wall and
The second wall and
A third wall, the first space is provided between the first wall and the third wall, the second space is provided between the second wall and the third wall, and the third wall is provided. The wall includes the third wall and the third wall, which includes at least one hole connecting the first space and the second space.
The first electrode provided in the first space and
The second electrode and the third electrode provided in the second space, and
A control unit electrically connected to the first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode.
With
The control unit at least performs the first operation and the second operation performed after the first operation.
In the first operation, the control unit sets the third electrode to the first potential of the first polarity based on the potential of the second electrode in the first operation.
In the second operation, the control unit sets the first electrode to a second polarity second potential based on the potential of the second electrode in the second operation, and sets the first electrode and the second electrode. An analyzer that detects a signal between two electrodes and whose second polarity is opposite to that of the first polarity.

（構成２）
前記制御部は、前記第１動作を、前記第１空間の少なくとも一部に第１液体が導入され、前記第２空間の少なくとも一部に第２液体が導入された状態で実施する、構成１記載の分析装置。 (Structure 2)
The control unit performs the first operation in a state where the first liquid is introduced into at least a part of the first space and the second liquid is introduced into at least a part of the second space. The analyzer described.

（構成３）
前記第１動作において、前記制御部は、前記第１電極を、前記第２電極の前記第１動作における前記電位と、前記第１電位と、の間に設定する、構成１または２に記載の分析装置。 (Structure 3)
The first operation, according to the configuration 1 or 2, wherein the control unit sets the first electrode between the potential of the second electrode in the first operation and the first potential. Analysis equipment.

（構成４）
前記第２動作において、前記制御部は、前記第３電極を、前記第２電位と、前記第２電極の前記第２動作における前記電位と、の間に設定する、構成１〜３のいずれか１つに記載の分析装置。 (Structure 4)
In the second operation, the control unit sets the third electrode between the second potential and the potential of the second electrode in the second operation, any of configurations 1 to 3. The analyzer according to one.

（構成５）
前記制御部は、前記第１動作と前記第２動作の間に第３動作をさらに実施し、
前記第３動作において、前記制御部は、前記第３電極を前記第２電極の前記第３動作における電位を基準にした前記第２極性の第３電位に設定する、構成３または４に記載の分析装置。 (Structure 5)
The control unit further performs a third operation between the first operation and the second operation.
The third operation, according to the configuration 3 or 4, wherein the control unit sets the third electrode to the third potential of the second polarity based on the potential of the second electrode in the third operation. Analysis equipment.

（構成６）
前記第３動作において、前記制御部は、前記第１電極を、前記第２電極の前記第３動作における前記電位と、前記第３電位と、の間に設定する、構成５記載の分析装置。 (Structure 6)
The analyzer according to configuration 5, wherein in the third operation, the control unit sets the first electrode between the potential of the second electrode in the third operation and the third potential.

（構成７）
前記第１極性は、負であり、前記第２極性は、正である、構成１〜６のいずれか１つに記載の分析装置。 (Structure 7)
The analyzer according to any one of configurations 1 to 6, wherein the first polarity is negative and the second polarity is positive.

（構成８）
前記第２電極の面に設けられた第１化合物をさらに含み、
前記第１化合物は、第１端部と、第２端部と、を含み、
前記第２端部は、前記第１端部と前記第２電極との間にあり、
前記第２端部は、硫黄を含む、構成７記載の分析装置。 (Structure 8)
Further containing the first compound provided on the surface of the second electrode,
The first compound comprises a first end and a second end.
The second end is between the first end and the second electrode.
The analyzer according to configuration 7, wherein the second end contains sulfur.

（構成９）
前記第２電極の面に設けられた第１化合物をさらに含み、
前記第１化合物は、第１端部と、第２端部と、を含み、
前記第２端部は、前記第１端部と前記第２電極との間にあり、
前記第１端部は、プローブ機能部を含む、構成１〜７のいずれか１つに記載の分析装置。 (Structure 9)
Further containing the first compound provided on the surface of the second electrode,
The first compound comprises a first end and a second end.
The second end is between the first end and the second electrode.
The analyzer according to any one of configurations 1 to 7, wherein the first end portion includes a probe function portion.

（構成１０）
前記第２電極の前記面に設けられた第２化合物をさらに含み、
前記第２化合物は、ポリエチレングリコール鎖を含む構成８または９に記載の分析装置。 (Structure 10)
Further comprising a second compound provided on the surface of the second electrode
The analyzer according to configuration 8 or 9, wherein the second compound contains a polyethylene glycol chain.

（構成１１）
前記制御部は、前記第１動作と前記第３動作の間に第４動作をさらに実施し、
前記制御部は、前記第３電極の前記第４動作における電位と、前記第２電極の前記第４動作における電位と、の差の絶対値を、前記第１電位と、前記第２電極の前記第１動作における前記電位と、の差の絶対値よりも小さくする、構成１〜７のいずれか１つに記載の分析装置。 (Structure 11)
The control unit further performs a fourth operation between the first operation and the third operation.
The control unit sets the absolute value of the difference between the potential of the third electrode in the fourth operation and the potential of the second electrode in the fourth operation as the absolute value between the first potential and the second electrode. The analyzer according to any one of configurations 1 to 7, wherein the difference between the potential and the potential in the first operation is smaller than the absolute value.

（構成１２）
前記制御部は、前記第１電極の前記第４動作における電位と、前記第２電極の前記第４動作における前記電位と、の差の絶対値を、前記第１電位と、前記第２電極の前記第１動作における前記電位と、の差の絶対値よりも小さくする、構成１１記載の分析装置。 (Structure 12)
The control unit sets the absolute value of the difference between the potential of the first electrode in the fourth operation and the potential of the second electrode in the fourth operation of the first potential and the second electrode. 11. The analyzer according to configuration 11, wherein the difference between the potential and the potential in the first operation is smaller than the absolute value.

（構成１３）
前記制御部は、前記第４動作において、前記第２空間の前記少なくとも一部に前記第２液体を流入させること、及び、前記第２空間の前記少なくとも一部から前記第２液体の少なくとも一部を流出させること、の少なくともいずれかを実施する、構成１１または１２に記載の分析装置。 (Structure 13)
In the fourth operation, the control unit causes the second liquid to flow into at least a part of the second space, and at least a part of the second liquid from the at least part of the second space. 11. The analyzer according to configuration 11 or 12, wherein at least one of the spills is performed.

（構成１４）
第１壁と、
第２壁と、
第３壁であって、前記第１壁と前記第３壁との間に第１空間が設けられ、前記第２壁と前記第３壁との間に第２空間が設けられ、前記第３壁は、前記第１空間と前記第２空間とつながる少なくとも１つの孔を含む、前記第３壁と、
前記第１空間に設けられた第１電極と、
前記第２空間に設けられた第２電極及び第３電極と、
を備え、
前記第３電極から前記第２電極への方向は、前記第３壁を前記孔が貫く方向と交差した、分析素子。 (Structure 14)
The first wall and
The second wall and
A third wall, the first space is provided between the first wall and the third wall, the second space is provided between the second wall and the third wall, and the third wall is provided. The wall includes the third wall and the third wall, which includes at least one hole connecting the first space and the second space.
The first electrode provided in the first space and
The second electrode and the third electrode provided in the second space, and
With
An analytical element in which the direction from the third electrode to the second electrode intersects the direction in which the hole penetrates the third wall.

（構成１５）
第１壁と、第２壁と、第３壁であって、前記第１壁と前記第３壁との間に第１空間が設けられ、前記第２壁と前記第３壁との間に第２空間が設けられ、前記第３壁は、前記第１空間と前記第２空間とつながる少なくとも１つの孔を含む、前記第３壁と、前記第１空間に設けられた第１電極と、前記第２空間に設けられた第２電極及び第３電極と、を含む分析素子を用いて、第１動作と、前記第１動作の後に行われる第２動作と、を少なくとも実施し、
前記第１動作及び前記第２動作を、前記第１空間の少なくとも一部に第１液体が導入され、前記第２空間の少なくとも一部に第２液体が導入された状態で実施し、
前記第１動作において、前記第３電極を前記第２電極の前記第１動作における電位を基準にした第１極性の第１電位に設定し、
前記第２動作において、前記第１電極を前記第２電極の前記第２動作における電位を規準にした第２極性の第２電位に設定して、前記第１電極と前記第２電極との間の信号を検出し、前記第２極性は前記第１極性とは逆である、分析方法。 (Structure 15)
A first wall, a second wall, and a third wall, wherein a first space is provided between the first wall and the third wall, and between the second wall and the third wall. A second space is provided, and the third wall includes the third wall including at least one hole connecting the first space and the second space, and a first electrode provided in the first space. Using an analytical element including the second electrode and the third electrode provided in the second space, at least the first operation and the second operation performed after the first operation are performed.
The first operation and the second operation are carried out in a state where the first liquid is introduced into at least a part of the first space and the second liquid is introduced into at least a part of the second space.
In the first operation, the third electrode is set to the first potential of the first polarity based on the potential of the second electrode in the first operation.
In the second operation, the first electrode is set to a second polarity second potential based on the potential of the second electrode in the second operation, and between the first electrode and the second electrode. The analysis method, wherein the signal of the above is detected and the second polarity is opposite to the first polarity.

（構成１６）
前記第１動作において、前記第１電極を、前記第２電極の前記第１動作における前記電位と、前記第１電位と、の間に設定する、構成１５記載の分析方法。 (Structure 16)
The analysis method according to configuration 15, wherein in the first operation, the first electrode is set between the potential of the second electrode in the first operation and the first potential.

（構成１７）
前記第２動作において、前記第３電極を、前記第２電位と、前記第２電極の前記第２動作における前記電位と、の間に設定する、構成１５または１６に記載の分析方法。 (Structure 17)
The analysis method according to configuration 15 or 16, wherein in the second operation, the third electrode is set between the second potential and the potential of the second electrode in the second operation.

（構成１８）
前記第１動作と前記第２動作の間に第３動作をさらに実施し、
前記第３動作において、前記第３電極を前記第２電極の前記第３動作における電位を基準にした前記第２極性の第３電位に設定する、構成１５〜１７のいずれか１つに記載の分析方法。 (Structure 18)
A third operation is further performed between the first operation and the second operation,
The third operation, according to any one of configurations 15 to 17, wherein the third electrode is set to the third potential of the second polarity based on the potential of the second electrode in the third operation. Analysis method.

（構成１９）
前記第３動作において、前記第１電極を、前記第２電極の前記第３動作における前記電位と、前記第３電位と、の間に設定する、構成１８記載の分析方法。 (Structure 19)
The analysis method according to configuration 18, wherein in the third operation, the first electrode is set between the potential of the second electrode in the third operation and the third potential.

（構成２０）
前記第１動作と前記第３動作の間に第４動作をさらに実施し、
前記第３電極の前記第４動作における電位と、前記第２電極の前記第４動作における電位と、の差の絶対値を、前記第１電位と、前記第２電極の前記第１動作における前記電位と、の差の絶対値よりも小さくする、構成１８または１９に記載の分析方法。 (Structure 20)
A fourth operation is further performed between the first operation and the third operation.
The absolute value of the difference between the potential of the third electrode in the fourth operation and the potential of the second electrode in the fourth operation is the absolute value of the first potential and the potential of the second electrode in the first operation. The analytical method according to configuration 18 or 19, wherein the difference between the potential and the potential is made smaller than the absolute value.

（構成２１）
前記第１電極の前記第４動作における電位と、前記第２電極の前記第４動作における前記電位と、の差の絶対値を、前記第１電位と、前記第２電極の前記第１動作における前記電位と、の差の絶対値よりも小さくする、構成２０記載の分析方法。 (Structure 21)
The absolute value of the difference between the potential of the first electrode in the fourth operation and the potential of the second electrode in the fourth operation is the absolute value between the first potential and the first operation of the second electrode. The analysis method according to the configuration 20, wherein the difference between the potential and the potential is made smaller than the absolute value.

（構成２２）
前記第４動作において、前記第２空間の前記少なくとも一部に前記第２液体を流入させること、及び、前記第２空間の前記少なくとも一部から前記第２液体の少なくとも一部を流出させること、の少なくともいずれかを実施する、構成２０または２１に記載の分析方法。 (Structure 22)
In the fourth operation, the second liquid is made to flow into at least a part of the second space, and at least a part of the second liquid is made to flow out from at least a part of the second space. The analysis method according to configuration 20 or 21, wherein at least one of the above is carried out.

実施形態によれば、分析精度の向上が可能な分析装置、分析素子、及び、分析方法が提供できる。 According to the embodiment, it is possible to provide an analyzer, an analysis element, and an analysis method capable of improving analysis accuracy.

本願明細書において、「垂直」及び「平行」は、厳密な垂直及び厳密な平行だけではなく、例えば製造工程におけるばらつきなどを含むものであり、実質的に垂直及び実質的に平行であれば良い。 In the present specification, "vertical" and "parallel" include not only strict vertical and strict parallel, but also variations in the manufacturing process, for example, and may be substantially vertical and substantially parallel. ..

以上、具体例を参照しつつ、本発明の実施の形態について説明した。しかし、本発明は、これらの具体例に限定されるものではない。例えば、分析装置及び分析素子に含まれる壁、電極及び制御部などの各要素の具体的な構成に関しては、当業者が公知の範囲から適宜選択することにより本発明を同様に実施し、同様の効果を得ることができる限り、本発明の範囲に包含される。 The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to specific examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these specific examples. For example, with respect to the specific configuration of each element such as the wall, the electrode, and the control unit included in the analyzer and the analysis element, the present invention may be similarly carried out by appropriately selecting from a range known to those skilled in the art. As long as the effect can be obtained, it is included in the scope of the present invention.

また、各具体例のいずれか２つ以上の要素を技術的に可能な範囲で組み合わせたものも、本発明の要旨を包含する限り本発明の範囲に含まれる。 Further, a combination of any two or more elements of each specific example to the extent technically possible is also included in the scope of the present invention as long as the gist of the present invention is included.

その他、本発明の実施の形態として上述した分析装置、分析素子、及び、分析方法を基にして、当業者が適宜設計変更して実施し得る全ての分析装置、分析素子、及び、分析方法も、本発明の要旨を包含する限り、本発明の範囲に属する。 In addition, all the analyzers, analytical elements, and analytical methods that can be appropriately designed and implemented by those skilled in the art based on the analyzers, analytical elements, and analytical methods described above as embodiments of the present invention are also included. As long as it includes the gist of the present invention, it belongs to the scope of the present invention.

その他、本発明の思想の範疇において、当業者であれば、各種の変更例及び修正例に想到し得るものであり、それら変更例及び修正例についても本発明の範囲に属するものと解される。 In addition, within the scope of the idea of the present invention, those skilled in the art can come up with various modified examples and modified examples, and it is understood that these modified examples and modified examples also belong to the scope of the present invention. ..

本発明のいくつかの実施形態を説明したが、これらの実施形態は、例として提示したものであり、発明の範囲を限定することは意図していない。これら新規な実施形態は、その他の様々な形態で実施されることが可能であり、発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で、種々の省略、置き換え、変更を行うことができる。これら実施形態やその変形は、発明の範囲や要旨に含まれるとともに、特許請求の範囲に記載された発明とその均等の範囲に含まれる。 Although some embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other embodiments, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the gist of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are also included in the scope of the invention described in the claims and the equivalent scope thereof.

１０Ｐ…ポンプ、１０ａ、１０ｂ…第１、第２貯蔵部、１１〜１３…第１〜第３壁、１３ｈ…孔、２１、２２…第１、第２空間、２１Ｌ、２２Ｌ…第１、第２液体、３１、３２…第１、第２粒子、４０…第１化合物、４０ｂ…第２化合物、４１〜４４…第１〜第４端部、５１〜５３…第１〜第３電極、５２ａ…面、７０…制御部、１１０、１２０、１２１…分析装置、２１０、２２０、２２１…分析素子、Ｅ０１〜Ｅ０３…第１〜第３電位、Ｅ１〜Ｅ３、Ｅ１１、Ｅ２１、Ｅ２２、Ｅ３１、Ｅ３２…電位、Ｉｓ１…検出信号、Ｌ１、Ｌ２…流動量、ＯＰ１〜ＯＰ４…第１〜第４動作、ＯＰＰ…分析準備動作、Ｖ０…電位、ｔｍ…時間 10P ... Pump, 10a, 10b ... 1st, 2nd storage, 11-13 ... 1st to 3rd walls, 13h ... Hole, 21, 22 ... 1st, 2nd space, 21L, 22L ... 1st, 1st 2 liquids, 31, 32 ... 1st and 2nd particles, 40 ... 1st compound, 40b ... 2nd compound, 41-44 ... 1st to 4th ends, 51-53 ... 1st to 3rd electrodes, 52a ... Surface, 70 ... Control unit, 110, 120, 121 ... Analyzer, 210, 220, 221 ... Analytical element, E01 to E03 ... First to third potentials, E1 to E3, E11, E21, E22, E31, E32 ... electric potential, Is1 ... detection signal, L1, L2 ... flow amount, OP1 to OP4 ... 1st to 4th operations, OPP ... analysis preparation operation, V0 ... electric potential, tm ... time

Claims

The first wall and
The second wall and
A third wall, the first space is provided between the first wall and the third wall, the second space is provided between the second wall and the third wall, and the third wall is provided. The wall includes the third wall and the third wall, which includes at least one hole connecting the first space and the second space.
The first electrode provided in the first space and
The second electrode and the third electrode provided in the second space, and
A control unit electrically connected to the first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode.
With
The control unit
The first operation of moving the first charged particles from the third electrode toward the second electrode, and
A second operation, which is performed after the first operation, to move the first particles from the second space through the holes to the first space .
At least a third operation, which is performed between the first operation and the second operation and separates the first particle from the second electrode, is performed.
In the first operation, the control unit sets the third electrode to the first potential of the first polarity based on the potential of the second electrode in the first operation, and sets the first electrode to the first potential. Set between the potential in the first operation of the second electrode and the first potential ,
In the second operation, the control unit, the first electrode is set to the second potential of the second polarity in which the potential to criteria in the second operation of the second electrode, wherein the first particles are the detecting a signal corresponding to a change in the electrical resistance between the first electrode and the second electrode as it passes through the hole, and the second polarity Ri reverse der from the first polarity,
In the third operation, the control unit, to set a third potential of the second polarity to the third electrode relative to the potential at the third operation of the second electrode, the analyzer.

The analysis according to claim 1 , wherein in the second operation, the control unit sets the third electrode between the second potential and the potential of the second electrode in the second operation. Device.

The third operation, according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the control unit sets the first electrode between the potential of the second electrode in the third operation and the third potential. Analyzer.

The analyzer according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the first polarity is negative and the second polarity is positive.

Further containing the first compound provided on the surface of the second electrode,
The first compound comprises a first end and a second end.
The second end is between the first end and the second electrode.
The analyzer according to claim 4, wherein the second end contains sulfur.

Further containing the first compound provided on the surface of the second electrode,
The first compound comprises a first end and a second end.
The second end is between the first end and the second electrode.
The analyzer according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the first end portion includes a probe function portion.

A first wall, a second wall, and a third wall, wherein a first space is provided between the first wall and the third wall, and between the second wall and the third wall. A second space is provided, and the third wall includes the third wall including at least one hole connecting the first space and the second space, and a first electrode provided in the first space. A first operation of moving charged first particles from the third electrode toward the second electrode by using an analytical element including the second electrode and the third electrode provided in the second space. the first occurs after operation, the second operation and Before moving the first particles in the first space through said hole from said second space, between the first operation and the second operation At least the third operation of separating the first particle from the second electrode is performed.
The first operation and the second operation are carried out in a state where the first liquid is introduced into at least a part of the first space and the second liquid is introduced into at least a part of the second space.
In the first operation, the third electrode is set to the first potential of the first polarity based on the potential of the second electrode in the first operation, and the first electrode is set to the first potential of the second electrode. Set between the potential in the first operation and the first potential ,
In the second operation, the first electrode is set to a second polarity second potential of you potential criteria in the second operation of the second electrode, when the first particles passes through the hole of the signal to detect in response to changes in the electrical resistance between the first electrode and the second electrode, the second polarity Ri reverse der from the first polarity,
Wherein the third operation, to set the third electrode to the third potential of the second polarity relative to the potential at the third operation of the second electrode, analytical methods.