JP6913543B2 - Abrasion detector and friction member for brake - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a wear detection device and a friction member for a brake.

Brake devices used in railroad vehicles bring brake shoes into contact with the treads of wheels to generate braking force. In such a braking device, in order to obtain a desired braking force, the distance between the brake shoe and the tread surface of the wheel is adjusted to be constant even when the brake shoe is worn.

Further, a wear detection device for detecting the wear limit of the friction member of the brake shoe has been proposed. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a wear detection device in which a conductive wire is arranged along a wear limit position of a brake shoe, and the wear limit is detected by cutting the conductive wire due to wear of the brake shoe.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2001-3330063

By the way, in the wear detection device described in Patent Document 1, in order to detect the wear of the brake shoes, it is necessary to constantly energize the conductive wire, which consumes a large amount of electric power. It should be noted that not only the brake device that generates a braking force by contacting the tread surface of the wheel, but also a brake device such as a caliper brake or a rail brake in which the friction member for braking pressed against the pressed member is worn has the same problem.

The present invention has been made in view of these circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a wear detection device and a brake friction member capable of easily detecting wear of a brake friction member while suppressing power consumption. To provide.

The wear detection device that solves the above problems is a wear detection device that detects the wear of the friction member for the brake pressed against the pressed member, and the friction member for the brake is worn on the surface of the friction member for the brake. From the power supply to the notification unit for notifying that the contactor that comes into contact with the pressed member when a part of the brake member is exposed and that the friction member for the brake is worn due to the contact between the pressed member and the contactor. It is provided with a power feeding unit for supplying the power of the above.

According to the above configuration, when the brake friction member is worn, electric power is supplied from the power feeding unit to the notification unit, and the notification unit notifies the wear of the brake friction member. Therefore, it is possible to easily detect the wear of the friction member for the brake while suppressing the power consumption.

Regarding the wear detection device, the contactor transmits frictional heat generated by contact with the pressed member to the power feeding unit, and the power feeding unit supplies electric power by the heat transmitted from the contactor. It is preferable that the device is used.

According to the above configuration, when the friction member for the brake is worn, the contactor comes into contact with the pressed member to generate frictional heat, and the contactor transfers this heat to the power supply unit so that the power supply unit supplies electric power. can.

Regarding the wear detection device, the power feeding unit includes a mover that can be displaced between a conductive position that supplies power to the notification unit and a non-conducting position that does not supply power to the notification unit. It is preferable that the mover is driven to the conduction position by being displaced by the contact with the pressed member and coming into contact with the mover.

According to the above configuration, when the friction member for the brake is worn, the contactor comes into contact with the pressed member and displaces the mover from the non-conducting position to the conductive position, so that the power feeding unit can supply electric power.

With respect to the wear detection device, it is preferable that the power feeding unit continues the power feeding once the power feeding is started regardless of the contact state between the contactor and the pressed member.
According to the above configuration, since the power supply to the notification unit is continued, the wear detection notification can be continued even if the braking is released.

The wear detection device preferably includes the notification unit.
According to the above configuration, the wear detection device itself can notify that the friction member for the brake has been worn.

Regarding the wear detection device, it is preferable that the notification unit is a wireless transmission unit that transmits information to the effect that the brake friction member is worn to the wireless receiver.
According to the above configuration, since the wear detection notification can be received wirelessly, it is possible to grasp that the wear has been performed even at a remote place.

The friction member for a brake that solves the above problems includes the above wear detection device.
According to the above configuration, it is possible to easily detect the wear of the friction member for the brake while suppressing the consumption of electric power.

According to the present invention, wear of the friction member for a brake can be easily detected while suppressing power consumption.

The figure which shows the installation position of the wear detection device of 1st Embodiment in a railroad vehicle. A side view showing a brake shoe provided with the wear detection device of the same embodiment. The front view which shows the schematic structure of the wear detection apparatus of the same embodiment. The block diagram which shows the electrical structure of the wear detection apparatus of the same embodiment. The figure which shows the attachment to the brake shoe of the wear detection device of the same embodiment. The figure which shows the attachment to the brake shoe of the wear detection device of the same embodiment. The figure which shows the attachment to the brake shoe of the wear detection device of the same embodiment. FIG. 5 is a side view showing a state in which a brake shoe provided with the wear detection device of the same embodiment is worn. The plan view of the railroad vehicle which shows the notification by the wear detection device of the same embodiment. FIG. 5 is a side view showing a brake shoe provided with the wear detection device of the second embodiment. The block diagram which shows the electrical structure of the wear detection apparatus of the same embodiment. FIG. 5 is a side view showing a brake shoe provided with the wear detection device of the third embodiment. The front view which shows the brake shoe provided with the wear detection device of the same embodiment.

(First Embodiment)
Hereinafter, the first embodiment of the brake shoe provided with the wear detection device will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9. In this embodiment, the wear detection device is applied to the brake shoes of the brake device of a railway vehicle.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the railway vehicle 1, the vehicle body 3 is held on the bogie 2. Two bogies 2 are provided for each car. The carriage 2 is provided with two shafts and four wheels 4. The bogie 2 is provided with a braking device (not shown) having a brake shoe 5 which is a pressing member that presses against the tread surface of the wheel 4 to generate a braking force. The braking device performs braking by pressing the brake shoes 5 against the treads of the wheels 4 or separating them from the treads of the wheels 4 via a drive mechanism driven by air pressure or the like. Each brake shoe 5 is provided with a wear detection device 20 that detects the wear of the brake shoe 5 that comes into contact with the tread surface of the wheel 4. The brake shoe 5 corresponds to the friction member for the brake, and the wheel 4 corresponds to the pressed member.

As shown in FIG. 2, the brake shoe 5 includes a base plate 11 extending in the longitudinal direction, that is, in the vertical direction, and a friction material 12 in contact with the tread surface 4A of the wheel 4. The friction material 12 is fixed to the front surface 11A side of the base plate 11. On the surface of the base plate 11 to which the friction material 12 is not fixed, the back surface 11B, a U-shaped mounting plate 13 in a side view and two U-shaped stopping plates 14 in a rear view (see FIG. 3), 15 is fixed in a protruding state. The mounting plate 13 is provided at the center of the back surface 11B of the base plate 11 in the longitudinal direction, in other words, in the vertical direction. The stop plates 14 and 15 are provided on the back surface 11B of the base plate 11 near the upper part and the lower part, respectively.

The brake shoe 5 is attached to the brake shoe head 6 provided at the tip of the drive mechanism of the brake device. The brake shoe 5 and the brake shoe head 6 are fixed by a plate material called a brake shoe cotter 7. The mounting plate 13 is formed with a through hole 13A through which the brake shoe cotter 7 penetrates. The brake shoe head 6 is provided so as to come into contact between the upper stop plate 14 and the mounting plate 13 of the brake shoe 5, and between the lower stop plate 15 and the mounting plate 13. The portion of the brake shoe head 6 where the mounting plate 13 of the brake shoe 5 is located is a recess 6A.

The wear detection device 20 is installed in the space A formed by the base plate 11 and the mounting plate 13 of the brake shoe 5. That is, the wear detection device 20 is housed in the rectangular parallelepiped case 21. The case 21 is provided with mounting portions 21A protruding from both sides. With the case 21 installed in the space A, the mounting portion 21A is fixed to the back surface 11B of the base plate 11 of the brake shoe 5. In this way, since the wear detection device 20 is installed in the original space A, no new space is required to install the wear detection device 20 on the brake shoe 5, and the design change of the brake shoe 5 is unnecessary. ..

The wear detection device 20 includes a contactor 22 that comes into contact with the tread surface 4A of the wheel 4 when the brake shoe 5 is worn by a predetermined amount X or more. The contactor 22 is a round bar-shaped member, and is a stepped member having a different diameter. The contactor 22 is made of, for example, a cast iron-based metal. The contactor 22 is provided so as to project outward from the case 21, and when the brake shoe 5 is worn by a predetermined amount X or more, a part of the contactor 22 is exposed on the surface of the brake shoe 5 and comes into contact with the tread surface 4A. Since the case 21 is fixed to the back surface 11B of the base plate 11 of the brake shoe 5, the contactor 22 penetrates the base plate 11 of the brake shoe 5 and is inserted into the friction material 12. The length of the contactor 22 is set so that the position of the tip of the contactor 22 is the position of a predetermined amount X for which the wear of the friction material 12 is to be detected. The predetermined amount X is, for example, a length such that the remaining thickness of the friction material 12 is 15 to 20 mm. The material of the contact 22 has a higher thermal conductivity than the material of the friction material 12. Further, the contactor 22 may be made of a material in which the contactor 22 itself is worn by friction with the wheel 4, or may be made of a material in which the wheel 4 which is a pressed member is worn. , May be made of the same material as the pressed member. Of these, from the viewpoint of ease of replacement, a material in which the contactor 22 itself wears is preferable.

As shown in FIG. 3, the wear detection device 20 is a detection switch that closes an electric circuit by being in a conductive state based on contact between a control unit 24 that controls the device and a tread surface 4A of a wheel 4 and a contact 22. A 23 and a notification unit for notifying the outside that the friction material 12 of the brake shoe 5 has been worn are provided. The temperature of the contactor 22 rises due to the frictional heat generated by the contact of the wheel 4 with the tread surface 4A, and the heat of the contactor 22 is transferred to the detection switch 23. The detection switch 23 is a heat-sensitive switch that switches from a non-conducting state to a conductive state by heat, and is, for example, a bimetal switch, a ceramic thermostat, or the like. A notebook computer, a tablet terminal, or the like is connected to the connector 26.

The wear detection device 20 includes a battery 25 that supplies electric power as a power source, and a connector 26 that connects to the outside. The control unit 24 has a storage unit (not shown) for storing information. As the battery 25, for example, a button battery or a fishing float battery is used. In the wear detection device 20, a notebook computer, a tablet terminal, or the like is connected to the connector 26, so that the manufacturing date, the manufacturing lot number, and the like are stored in the storage unit of the control unit 24 at the time of manufacturing. At the time of mounting, the wear detection device 20 stores the vehicle number indicating the mounting position, the trolley position, the wheel position, and the mounting date in the storage unit of the control unit 24. Further, in the wear detection device 20, the remaining amount of the battery 25 is confirmed by connecting a notebook computer, a tablet terminal, or the like to the connector 26. Further, the storage unit of the control unit 24 may store an individual ID for each brake shoe 5, and the brake shoe 5 may be specified by the individual ID. In this case, only the individual ID is stored in the storage unit of the control unit 24, and the manufacturing date, the manufacturing lot number, the vehicle number indicating the mounting position, the trolley position, the wheel position, the mounting date, etc. are stored in the external device as the individual ID. It will be better if you memorize it by associating it with. Further, the wear detection device 20 estimates that the brake device including the carriage 2 is improperly adjusted from the length of the wear period of the brake shoe 5 by connecting a notebook computer, a tablet terminal, or the like to the connector 26 at the time of wear. Will be able to.

As shown in FIG. 4, the wear detection device 20 includes a first light emitting unit 31, a second light emitting unit 32, a speaker 33, and a wireless transmission unit 34 as notification units. The first light emitting unit 31 and the second light emitting unit 32 are, for example, a light emitting diode (LED) or a light bulb, and their lighting is controlled by the control unit 24. In the speaker 33, the notification of a sound such as a beep sound is controlled by the control unit 24. The wireless transmission unit 34 intermittently transmits wear detection information indicating wear of the brake shoe 5 as a wireless signal, and the transmission is controlled by the control unit 24. The intermittent cycle is, for example, once every 3 seconds. The wireless transmission unit 34 transmits wear detection information including a vehicle, a bogie, and wheels indicating a mounting position, a mounting date or a start date of use, a manufacturing date, a manufacturing lot number, and the like. The case 21 houses a detection switch 23, a control unit 24, a battery 25, a connector 26, a first light emitting unit 31, a second light emitting unit 32, a speaker 33, and a wireless transmission unit 34. There is.

The wear detection device 20 includes a power supply unit that supplies electric power from the battery 25 to the notification unit by contact between the tread surface 4A of the wheel 4 and the contactor 22. That is, the power feeding unit functions by the detection switch 23, the battery 25, the control unit 24, and the electric circuit 27 connected to each notification unit.

A battery 25 is electrically connected to the control unit 24. The detection switch 23, the first light emitting unit 31, the second light emitting unit 32, the speaker 33, and the wireless transmission unit 34 are electrically connected to the battery 25 in the electric circuit 27 and electrically connected to the control unit 24, respectively. ing. The first light emitting unit 31 and the second light emitting unit 32 are connected in series. A connector 26 is connected to the control unit 24.

An opening 21B is formed on the bottom surface of the case 21 to expose the detection switch 23. The contactor 22 is installed in contact with the bottom surface of the detection switch 23. As a result, the heat generated when the contactor 22 comes into contact with the wheel 4 is transmitted to the detection switch 23. When heat is transferred to the detection switch 23 via the contactor 22, the detection switch 23 becomes conductive.

The control unit 24 is activated by a current flowing from the detection switch 23 to the control unit 24 to detect wear. When the control unit 24 detects wear, it lights the first light emitting unit 31 and the second light emitting unit 32, notifies the sound from the speaker 33, and transmits the wireless signal from the wireless transmission unit 34. Even if the contact 22 and the wheel 4 are no longer in contact with each other and the detection switch 23 is in a non-conducting state, the control unit 24 continues the operation of these notification units until the power of the battery 25 is exhausted. In other words, the power supply unit continues the power supply once the power supply is started, regardless of the contact state between the contactor 22 and the wheel 4 by the control unit 24. It is desirable that the duration of the notification be at least continued during the work inspection cycle (for example, 3 days), which is an inspection performed without removing the railroad vehicle 1 from operation.

As shown in FIG. 3, the first light emitting unit 31 and the second light emitting unit 32 are exposed and installed on the left and right side surfaces of the case 21, respectively. Therefore, when the brake shoes 5 are installed in the railway vehicle 1 and the first light emitting unit 31 and the second light emitting unit 32 of the wear detection device 20 emit light, they can be visually recognized from both sides of the railway vehicle 1. It has become like. The connector 26 is also exposed on the left side surface of the case 21.

Next, the attachment of the wear detection device 20 to the brake shoes 5 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 7.
As shown in FIG. 5, a first cone G1 capable of forming a hole having a large diameter D1 which is the longer diameter of the contactor 22 and a hole having a small diameter D2 which is the shorter diameter of the contactor 22 are formed. A second cone G2 that can be formed is used. First, the first cone G1 forms a through hole 13B having a large diameter D1 in the mounting plate 13 of the brake shoe 5, and also forms a hole having a large diameter D1 halfway from the back surface 11B side of the base plate 11 of the brake shoe 5. do. The depth of the hole in the base plate 11 is the same as the length of the portion of the large diameter D1 of the contactor 22. Subsequently, a hole having a small diameter D2 is formed in the friction material 12 from the back surface 11B side of the base plate 11 of the brake shoe 5 by the second cone G2. The depth from the back surface 11B of the base plate 11 to the bottom of the hole of the friction material 12 is the same as the length of the contactor 22. The holes formed by the first cone G1 and the second cone G2 serve as the installation holes 16 for installing the contacts 22.

Next, as shown in FIG. 6, first, the contactor 22 is inserted into the installation hole 16. At this time, the contactor 22 does not have to be inserted to the bottom of the installation hole 16. Subsequently, the case 21 of the wear detection device 20 is inserted into the space A from the side of the mounting plate 13. Members other than the contactor 22 are already housed in the case 21.

Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the case 21 of the wear detection device 20 is brought into contact with the end portion of the contactor 22 and is brought into contact with the back surface 11B of the base plate 11, and the case 21 is brought into contact with the back surface 11B of the base plate 11 by a plurality of rivets R. 21A of the mounting portion 21A is fixed to the base plate 11. At this time, the contactor 22 is in contact with the bottom surface of the detection switch 23.

Next, a receiver that receives the radio signal transmitted from the wear detection device 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 9.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 9, a vehicle receiver 41 capable of receiving a radio signal transmitted from the radio transmission unit 34 of the wear detection device 20 is installed under the floor of the railway vehicle 1. The driver's cab C is provided with a detection control unit 42 that processes a signal output from the vehicle receiver 41 and a display unit 43 that displays the detection result. When the vehicle receiver 41 receives the wireless signal including the wear detection information, the vehicle receiver 41 outputs the wear detection information to the detection control unit 42. The detection control unit 42 causes the display unit 43 to display the detection result based on the wear detection information. The display unit 43 displays at least a vehicle, a bogie, and wheels indicating the mounting position.

A terrestrial receiver 44 capable of receiving a radio signal transmitted from the radio transmission unit 34 of the wear detection device 20 is installed on the side of the track. When the ground receiver 44 receives the wireless signal including the wear detection information, the ground receiver 44 outputs the wear detection information to the management center that manages the operation, the maintenance center that maintains the vehicle, and the like.

An operator who inspects the wear of the brake shoe 5 carries a portable receiver 45 capable of receiving a wireless signal transmitted from the wireless transmission unit 34 of the wear detection device 20. The portable receiver 45 is provided with a monitor 45A that displays a detection result. When the portable receiver 45 receives the wireless signal including the wear detection information, the portable receiver 45 causes the monitor 45A to display the wear detection information.

Next, the operation of the wear detection device 20 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9.
As shown in FIG. 8, when the friction material 12 of the brake shoe 5 is worn and the friction material 12 reaches a predetermined amount X, when the brake shoe 5 is brought into contact with the wheel 4, the contactor of the wear detection device 20 The tip of 22 comes into contact with the tread 4A of the wheel 4.

Then, when frictional heat is generated by the tip of the contactor 22 coming into contact with the wheel 4, this heat is transmitted to the detection switch 23 via the contactor 22. When heat is transferred to the detection switch 23 via the contactor 22, the detection switch 23 becomes conductive.

The control unit 24 detects wear when a current flows through the control unit 24 from the detection switch 23. When the control unit 24 detects wear, it notifies the wear detection. That is, the control unit 24 turns on the first light emitting unit 31 and the second light emitting unit 32, outputs sound from the speaker 33, and transmits a wireless signal from the wireless transmission unit 34. Even if the contact 22 and the wheel 4 are no longer in contact with each other and the detection switch 23 is in a non-conducting state, the control unit 24 continues the operation of these notification units until the power of the battery 25 is exhausted.

In the state where the wear detection is notified as described above, the operator approaches the railroad vehicle 1 to visually recognize the light of the first light emitting unit 31 and the second light emitting unit 32, or outputs the light from the speaker 33. By recognizing the sound, it is possible to recognize that there is a worn brake shoe 5 and to identify the worn brake shoe 5. Further, the operator carrying the portable receiver 45 can control that the portable receiver 45 is worn from the wear detection information displayed on the monitor 45A by receiving the wireless signal including the wear detection information. While recognizing that there is a ring element 5, it is possible to identify the wheel control element 5 that is worn.

Further, in the state where the wear detection is notified as described above, the driver recognizes that there is a brake shoe 5 that is worn according to the detection result displayed on the display unit 43 of the driver's cab C, and wears. It is possible to identify the brake shoe 5 that is being used.

Further, in the state where the wear detection is notified as described above, the worker in the management center, the maintenance center, or the like has a brake shoe 5 that is worn by the wear detection information output from the ground receiver 44. It is possible to identify the worn brake shoe 5 while recognizing.

For example, if the brake shoes 5 do not separate from the wheels 4 even though the braking of the braking device is released, the temperature rises due to the constant contact between the brake shoes 5 and the wheels 4. The wear detection device 20 can also detect brake shoe sticking due to an increase in temperature.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) When the brake shoe 5 is worn, power is supplied from the power feeding unit to the first light emitting unit 31, the second light emitting unit 32, the speaker 33, and the wireless transmission unit 34, and the brake shoe 5 is supplied by these notification units. Wear is notified. Therefore, it is possible to easily detect the wear of the brake shoe 5 while suppressing the power consumption.

(2) When the brake shoe 5 is worn, the contactor 22 comes into contact with the wheel 4 to generate frictional heat, and the contactor 22 transfers this heat to the power supply unit so that the power supply unit can supply electric power.
(3) Since the power supply to the first light emitting unit 31, the second light emitting unit 32, the speaker 33, and the wireless transmission unit 34 is continued, even if the braking is released, the first light emitting unit 31, the second light emitting unit 32, Notification by the speaker 33 and the wireless transmission unit 34 can be continued.

(4) Since the wear detection notification can be received wirelessly, it is possible to grasp that the wear has been performed even at a remote place.
(5) When the brake shoe sticking occurs, the temperature rises due to the constant contact between the brake shoe 5 and the wheel 4, so that the wear detection device 20 can also detect the brake shoe sticking due to the temperature rise. ..

(Second Embodiment)
Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the brake shoe provided with the wear detection device will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11. The wear detection device of this embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the detection switch becomes conductive when the contactor for detecting the wear of the brake shoe is displaced. Hereinafter, the differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described.

As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the detection switch 53 has a mover 53A that can be displaced between a conductive position that makes the detection switch 53 conductive and a non-conducting position that makes the detection switch 53 non-conducting. The mover 53A is held in the open state by the spring 53B. The mover 53A supplies power to the notification unit at the conduction position and does not supply power to the notification unit at the non-conduction position. When the brake shoe 5 is worn by a predetermined amount X or more, the wear detection device 50 is displaced by contact with the tread surface 4A of the wheel 4 and comes into contact with the mover 53A to drive the mover 53A to a conduction position. 52 is provided. The contactor 52 is a round bar-shaped member. The contactor 52 is made of, for example, a cast iron-based metal. When the brake shoe 5 is worn by a predetermined amount X or more, the contactor 52 comes into contact with the tread surface 4A by partially exposing the surface of the brake shoe 5. The contactor 52 is provided on the outside of the case 21 in a state of being fixed to the detection switch 53 which is a normally open contact. Since the case 21 is fixed to the back surface of the base plate 11 of the brake shoe 5, the contactor 52 penetrates the base plate 11 of the brake shoe 5 and is inserted into the friction material 12. The length of the contact 52 is set so that the position of the tip of the contact 52 is the position of a predetermined amount X for which the wear of the friction material 12 is to be detected when the mover 53A of the detection switch 53 is closed. .. The predetermined amount X is, for example, a length such that the remaining thickness of the friction material 12 is 15 to 20 mm. The material of the contact 52 has a higher hardness than the material of the friction material 12.

Next, the operation of the wear detection device 50 configured as described above will be described.
When the friction material 12 of the brake shoe 5 is worn and the friction material 12 approaches a predetermined amount X, when the brake shoe 5 is brought into contact with the wheel 4, the tip of the contact 52 of the wear detection device 50 is the wheel 4 In contact with the tread surface 4A.

Then, when the friction material 12 reaches a predetermined amount X, the contact 52 approaches the case 21 and the detection switch 53 becomes conductive. Similar to the first embodiment, the control unit 24 is activated by the current flowing from the detection switch 53 to the control unit 24, detects wear, and notifies wear detection. Even if the contact 52 and the wheel 4 are no longer in contact with each other and the detection switch 53 is in a non-conducting state, the control unit 24 continues the operation of these notification units until the power of the battery 25 is exhausted.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained in addition to the effects of (1), (3), and (4) of the first embodiment.
(5) When the brake shoe 5 is worn, the contactor 52 comes into contact with the tread surface 4A of the wheel 4 and displaces the mover 53A from the non-conducting position to the conductive position, so that the power feeding unit can supply electric power.

(Third Embodiment)
Hereinafter, a third embodiment of the brake shoe provided with the wear detection device will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13. The wear detection device of this embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that it is installed in the friction material of the brake shoe. Hereinafter, the differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described.

As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the wear detection device 60 is installed near the upper part of the friction material 12 of the brake shoe 5. The wear detection device 60 is housed in a rectangular parallelepiped case 61. The case 61 is fixed to the front surface 11A side of the base plate 11. The case 61 is made of, for example, a cast iron-based metal. Here, when the friction material 12 is made of a composite resin, the curing temperature of the composite resin is about 180 ° C., so that the friction material 12 can be molded with the case 61 fixed to the base plate 11. On the other hand, when the friction material 12 is a sintered metal, the base plate 11 becomes hot because the molding block made of the sintered metal is welded to the base plate 11, and when the friction material 12 is a cast iron material, the friction material 12 Since the casting temperature of the base plate 11 becomes 1,400 ° C., the base plate 11 becomes hot. Therefore, in the case of the method of forming the friction material 12 in which the base plate 11 becomes hot, after the friction material 12 is formed on the base plate 11, the case 61 is inserted into the friction material 12 through the window 11C opened in the base plate 11. Then, the window 11C is closed by brazing joint.

The wear detection device 60 includes a contactor 62 that comes into contact with the tread surface 4A of the wheel 4 when the brake shoe 5 is worn by a predetermined amount X or more. The contactor 62 is a round bar-shaped member. The contactor 62 is made of, for example, a cast iron-based metal. When the brake shoe 5 is worn by a predetermined amount X or more, the contactor 62 comes into contact with the tread surface 4A by partially exposing the surface of the brake shoe 5. The contactor 62 is provided so as to project outward from the case 61. An opening 61A through which the contactor 62 is inserted is formed on the upper surface side of the case 61. Since the case 61 is fixed to the front surface 11A of the base plate 11 of the brake shoe 5, the contactor 62 penetrates the opening 61A of the case 61 and projects into the friction material 12. The length of the contactor 62 is set so that the position of the tip of the contactor 62 is the position of a predetermined amount X for which the wear of the friction material 12 is to be detected. The predetermined amount X is, for example, a length such that the remaining thickness of the friction material 12 is 15 to 20 mm.

The contactor 62 is installed in contact with the upper surface of the detection switch 23. As a result, the heat generated when the contactor 62 comes into contact with the tread surface 4A of the wheel 4 is transmitted to the detection switch 23. When heat is transferred to the detection switch 23 via the contactor 62, the detection switch 23 becomes conductive.

In the unlikely event that the contactor 62 wears out or falls off, frictional heat is generated when the case 61 itself comes into contact with the wheel 4, and it is detected by the heat transmitted through the case 61. The switch 23 becomes conductive.

The wear detection device 60 includes a wireless transmission unit 34 as a notification unit. The radio transmission unit 34 is housed in the case 61, but only the antenna 34A is pulled out above the upper stop plate 14. By doing so, the radio signal can be easily transmitted even when the case 61 is covered with the friction material 12.

Next, the operation of the wear detection device 60 configured as described above will be described.
When the friction material 12 of the brake shoe 5 is worn and the friction material 12 reaches a predetermined amount X, when the brake shoe 5 is brought into contact with the wheel 4, the tip of the contactor 62 of the wear detection device 60 is on the wheel 4. It comes into contact with the tread 4A.

Then, when frictional heat is generated by the tip of the contactor 62 coming into contact with the wheel 4, this heat is transferred to the detection switch 23 via the contactor 62. When heat is transferred to the detection switch 23 via the contactor 22, the detection switch 23 becomes conductive. The control unit 24 detects wear by flowing a current from the detection switch 23 to the control unit 24, and notifies the control unit 24 of the wear detection. That is, the control unit 24 causes the radio transmission unit 34 to transmit a radio signal. Even if the contact between the contactor 62 and the wheel 4 is lost and the detection switch 23 is in a non-conducting state, the control unit 24 continues the operation of these notification units until the power of the battery 25 is exhausted.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained as in the effects of (1) to (5) of the first embodiment.
(1) When the brake shoe 5 is worn, power is supplied from the power feeding unit to the wireless transmission unit 34, and the wireless transmission unit 34 notifies the wear of the brake shoe 5. Therefore, it is possible to easily detect the wear of the brake shoe 5 while suppressing the power consumption.

(2) When the brake shoe 5 is worn, the contactor 62 comes into contact with the wheel 4 to generate frictional heat, and the contactor 62 transfers this heat to the power supply unit so that the power supply unit can supply electric power.
(3) Since the power supply to the wireless transmission unit 34 is continued, the notification by the wireless transmission unit 34 can be continued even if the braking is released. Compared to transponders such as passive tags that operate by converting radio waves and magnetic fields from readers into electric power, there is no need for a power supply device that transmits radio waves or magnetic fields that convert to electric power, so even in places where there is no power supply device. If there is a receiver, it can be detected. Further, as compared with a transponder in which transmission is cut off when the brake shoe 5 is worn, transmission is unnecessary when the brake shoe 5 is not worn.

(4) Since the wear detection notification can be received wirelessly, it is possible to grasp that the wear has been performed even at a remote place.
(5) When the brake shoe sticking occurs, the temperature rises due to the constant contact between the brake shoe 5 and the wheel 4, so that the wear detection device 60 can also detect the brake shoe sticking due to the temperature rise. ..

In addition, the said embodiment can also be carried out in the following embodiment which modified this as appropriate.
-In the first and second embodiments, the wear detection devices 20 and 50 are installed at the center of the back surface 11B of the base plate 11 in the vertical direction, but the wear detection device is installed at a center other than the center of the back surface 11B of the base plate 11 in the vertical direction. It may be installed in.

In the third embodiment, the wear detection device 60 is installed on the upper side of the front surface 11A of the base plate 11 in the friction material 12, but the wear detection device is installed on the upper side of the front surface 11A of the base plate 11 other than the upper side in the friction material 12. It may be installed in.

-In the first embodiment, the installation hole 16 for installing the contactor 22 is formed by the first cone G1 and the second cone G2, but the installation hole is formed by the cone having the large diameter D1 and the small diameter D2 integrally. 16 may be formed.

-In the configuration of each of the above embodiments, a configuration including a plurality of contacts having different predetermined amounts may be adopted. That is, a detection switch corresponding to each contact is provided, and the detection switches are in a conductive state at different predetermined amounts to detect a plurality of predetermined amounts of wear.

In each of the above embodiments, the radio signal is received by the vehicle receiver 41, the ground receiver 44, and the portable receiver 45, but at least one of the vehicle receiver 41, the ground receiver 44, and the portable receiver 45. May be used. The wear detection system may include a wear detection device 20 (50, 60) and at least one of a vehicle receiver 41, a ground receiver 44, and a portable receiver 45.

-In the first and second embodiments, the first light emitting unit 31, the second light emitting unit 32, the speaker 33, and the wireless transmission unit 34 are provided as the notification unit, but the first light emitting unit 31 and the first light emitting unit 31 The configuration may include at least one of a second light emitting unit 32, a speaker 33, and a wireless transmission unit 34.

Further, the wear detection devices 20, 50, 60 themselves may not be provided with the notification unit, and the wear detection devices 20, 50, 60 may be provided with the notification unit outside.
-In each of the above embodiments, when the detection switches 23 and 53 are in the conductive state, the power supply to the notification unit is continued, but the detection switches 23 and 53 are switched between the conductive state and the non-conducting state several times. After that, the power supply to the notification unit may be continued. In this way, it is possible to perform a shipping inspection performed before mounting and a re-inspection performed after delivery.

-In each of the above embodiments, the control unit 24 continues the operation of the notification unit even if the detection switches 23 and 53 are in the non-conducting state after the detection switches 23 and 53 are in the non-conducting state, but the operation of the notification unit is continued regardless of the control of the control unit 24. A circuit such as a relay that fixes the energized state when it is energized may be provided, or the energized state may be mechanically maintained.

-In each of the above embodiments, the control unit 24 controls the notification of the notification unit, but the configuration of the control unit 24 may be omitted. That is, the notification unit is connected in series with the battery 25, and the notification unit notifies only when the detection switch becomes conductive.

-In each of the above embodiments, when the brake shoe 5 is worn by a predetermined amount X or more, the contacts 22, 52, 62 come into contact with the tread surface 4A of the wheel 4, but the predetermined amount X may be set arbitrarily. good.
-In each of the above embodiments, it is applied to a braking device that generates a braking force by contacting the tread surface 4A of the wheel 4, but a brake such as a caliper brake or a rail brake in which the friction member for braking pressed against the pressed member is worn. It may be applied to the device.

-In each of the above embodiments, an example of detecting wear of a friction member for a brake has been described, but the present invention is not limited to the above, and for example, a friction member in a power transmission device such as a clutch or a power transmission switching device. It can also detect wear.

1 ... Railway vehicle, 2 ... Cart, 3 ... Body, 4 ... Wheel as a pressed member, 4A ... Tread, 5 ... Brake shoe as a friction member for a brake, 6 ... Brake shoe head, 6A ... Recess, 7 ... Control Brake cotter, 11 ... base plate, 11A ... front, 11B ... back, 11C ... window, 12 ... friction material as a friction member for brakes, 13 ... mounting plate, 13A ... through hole, 14 ... stop plate, 15 ... stop plate , 16 ... Installation hole, 20 ... Wear detection device, 21 ... Case, 21A ... Mounting part, 21B ... Opening, 22 ... Contact, 23 ... Detection switch, 24 ... Control unit, 25 ... Battery, 26 ... Connector, 27 ... electric circuit, 31 ... first light emitting unit as notification unit, 32 ... second light emitting unit as notification unit, 33 ... speaker as notification unit, 34 ... wireless transmission unit as notification unit, 41 ... vehicle receiver, 42 ... Detection control unit, 43 ... Display unit, 44 ... Ground receiver, 45 ... Portable receiver, 45A ... Monitor, 50 ... Wear detection device, 52 ... Contact, 53 ... Detection switch, 53A ... Movable shoe, 53B ... spring, 60 ... wear detector, 61 ... case, 61A ... opening, 62 ... contact, A ... space, C ... cab, G1, G2 ... cone, R ... rivet, X ... predetermined amount.

Claims (7)

A wear detection device that detects the wear of the friction member for the brake that is pressed against the pressed member.
With a contactor that comes into contact with the pressed member due to a part of the brake friction member being exposed on the surface of the brake friction member due to wear.
A notification unit for notifying that the friction member for the brake has been worn, and
Wherein the contact between the pressing member and the contact, a power supply unit for supplying power from the power supply to said notification unit,
It comprises a case having an opening for accommodating the feeding portion and exposing the feeding portion so that the feeding portion supplies electric power by heat or force received from the contactor to the feeding portion.
The notification unit is a wear detection device housed in the case. The contactor transfers frictional heat generated by contact with the pressed member to the feeding portion.
The wear detection device according to claim 1, wherein the power feeding unit supplies electric power by heat transmitted from the contactor. The power feeding unit includes a mover that can be displaced between a conducting position that supplies power to the notification unit and a non-conducting position that does not supply power to the notification unit.
The wear detection device according to claim 1, wherein the contactor is displaced by contact with the pressed member and comes into contact with the mover to drive the mover to the conduction position. The wear detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the power feeding unit continues power feeding once the power feeding is started regardless of the contact state between the contactor and the pressed member. .. The case is installed on the surface of a base plate for fixing the friction member for a brake.
The contact is inserted into the brake friction member through the base plate.
The wear detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The wear detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the notification unit is a wireless transmission unit that transmits information to the effect that the brake friction member has been worn to a wireless receiver. A friction member for a brake including the wear detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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