JP6908917B2 - Power control systems, photovoltaic plants, power control programs, and power control methods - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a power control system having a power transmission side plant, a power system, and a power reception side plant, a solar power plant having a solar cell, a conversion unit, a transformer, and a power transmission unit, and power control of a power transmission side plant and a power reception side plant. Regarding programs and power control methods.

Conventionally, there is known a voltage adjusting device for a power system that adjusts the secondary voltage of a transformer within a predetermined limit value (see Patent Document 1).
This voltage regulator is installed in a power system that includes a solar power generator that has a function to suppress the amount of power generated when its own voltage rises above the specified voltage, and it is tapped by adjusting the tap position of the transformer with a tap. Adjust the secondary voltage of the transformer within the specified limit.
Further, this voltage regulator has a measuring unit that estimates the secondary side voltage and the passing current of the tapped transformer, and corrects the estimated secondary side voltage according to the passing current to obtain the first voltage value. The first voltage correction unit to obtain, the second voltage correction unit to correct the estimated secondary side voltage according to the passing current to obtain the second voltage value, and the first and second voltage correction units. It is provided with a tap controller that executes a tap operation of the tapped transformer when the first and second voltage values calculated in the above deviate from a predetermined limit value, and the second voltage value is the solar power generation. The tap operation of the tapped transformer is executed by estimating the self-end voltage of the device and indicating a state in which the second voltage value is approaching the specified voltage.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-163441

However, since the output of the photovoltaic power generation device installed in the power system is suppressed with respect to the electric power (= current × voltage), even if the voltage is lowered by the voltage adjusting device described in Patent Document 1, the sun is concerned. Since the power output from the photovoltaic power generation device is still suppressed, the power is wasted by the suppressed amount, and the power generation efficiency is lowered.
Further, since the voltage adjusting device of Patent Document 1 is indispensable to have a transformer with a tap and to include a measuring unit, a first voltage correction unit, a second voltage correction unit, and a tap controller. This will lead to complicated structures in photovoltaic power generation equipment and an increase in the number of parts.

In view of these points, the present invention receives power by the power receiving side plant before or while transmitting power by the power transmitting side plant, and makes the received power equal to or larger than a predetermined power transmission. Providing power generation control systems, power generation control programs, and power generation control methods that can realize "effective utilization of generated power", "improvement of power generation efficiency", "simplification of structure" of power transmission side plants, and "reduction of the number of parts" The purpose is to do.
The present invention also provides a photovoltaic power plant that realizes "improvement of power generation efficiency" by making the rated power of the solar cell larger than the value obtained by multiplying the rated power of the conversion unit by the power factor. The purpose.

The power control system 1 according to the present invention is a power control system having a power transmission side plant that transmits power from a power generation device to a power system and a power reception side plant that receives power from the power system, and the power transmission side. The power receiving side plant receives power from the power system before the plant starts transmitting power to the power system or while transmitting power, and the power receiving power received by the power receiving side plant from the power system is transmitted by the power transmitting side plant. The first feature is that it is the same as or larger than the predetermined power transmission to be transmitted to the power system.

The second feature of the power control system 1 according to the present invention is, in addition to the first feature, a control device that notifies the power transmission side plant of a limit command for reducing the power transmission to the limit value or less, and this control When the device notifies the power transmission side plant of the limit order, the power transmission side plant is the same as or more than the power transmission value exceeding the limit value before or while transmitting the power transmission by the power transmission side plant. The point is to receive a large amount of power.

The third feature of the power control system 1 according to the present invention is that, in addition to the above-mentioned first or second feature, the power receiving side plant includes a power-using device that uses the power received from the power system and the power system. It is equipped with a power storage device that stores the power received from.

The fourth feature of the power control system 1 according to the present invention is that, in addition to the above-mentioned first to third features, the power generation device is a solar power generation device, and the solar power generation device includes a solar cell and the solar cell. A conversion unit that converts a DC current from a solar cell into an AC current is provided, and the rated power of the solar cell is greater than the value obtained by multiplying the rated power of the conversion unit by the power factor or the rated power of the conversion unit itself. be.

Due to these characteristics, the power receiving side plant 4 receives power before the power transmitting side plant 3 starts power transmission or while transmitting power, and the power received P4 of the power receiving side plant 4 is transmitted to a predetermined power transmission side plant 3. By making it the same as or larger than the electric power P3, the electric power system G of the electric power company or the like supplies more electricity to the demand for electric power, and the power transmission side plant 3 is used to reduce the occurrence of power failure and to provide a stable supply of electric power. Even when the output of the power transmission P3 to the power system G is suppressed, unlike Patent Document 1, each time the power transmission side plant 3 transmits power to the power system G, it is the same as the power transmission P3 or the like. It is possible to remove the larger received power P4 from the power system G, and all the power generated in the power generation device 2 of the power transmission side plant 3 can be transmitted to the power system G, and the power transmitted from the power transmission side plant 3 is suppressed. There is no such thing, waste of power can be eliminated, and power generation efficiency can be improved (“effective utilization of generated power” and “improvement of power transmission efficiency”).
Here, it can be said that the "predetermined power transmission P3" is the amount of power that can overflow when the supply of the demand in the power system G may be exceeded (the power system G overflows).
Then, as in Patent Document 1, for the power transmission side plant 3 and the power reception side plant 4 that adjust the power transmission / reception timing and the power transmission / reception powers P3 and P4, a transformer is attached with a tap, and another part such as a measurement unit is provided. There is no need to provide it (“simplification of structure” or “reduction of the number of parts”).

Further, when the control device 5 notifies the power transmission side plant 3 of the limit command C for setting the power transmission P3 to the limit value C'or less, the power reception side receives power before or while transmitting power by the power transmission side plant 3. It is necessary when the output of the power transmission P3 from the power transmission side plant 3 to the power system G is suppressed by causing the plant 4 to receive the power reception P4 that is the same as or larger than the power transmission that exceeds the limit value C'. Only in the case, the amount to be transmitted to the power system G is omitted, and when it is not necessary, only the power is transmitted to the power system G (power sale, etc.), and it is not necessary to receive power (power purchase, etc.), which is economical. Also improves.

Further, by providing the power-using device 6 and the power storage device 7 in the power-receiving side plant 4, the power received from the power system G can be used as it is in the power-using device 6, or the power used in the power-using device 6 can be used. Even when the amount of power is small (for example, when the power consumption by a general air conditioner or the like is low, such as in spring or autumn), the power storage device 7 stores the surplus power in the power receiving side plant 4, so that the power transmitting side plant 3 The electric power transmitted from the power source without waste can be utilized in the power receiving side plant 4 without waste.

Then, in the photovoltaic power generation device 2'which is the power generation device 2, the rated power T11 of the solar cell 11 is made larger than the value obtained by multiplying the rated power T12 of the conversion unit 12 by the power factor F or the like, thereby further "power generation efficiency". Can be improved.

In addition, the solar power generation plant 3'has a solar cell, a conversion unit that converts DC current from this solar cell into AC current, a transformer that transforms the voltage of AC current from this conversion unit, and a transformer from this transformer. A solar power plant equipped with a transmission unit that transmits alternating current to the power system, and the rated power of the solar cell is the value obtained by multiplying the rated power of the conversion unit by the power factor or the rated power of the conversion unit itself. it may be more rather than size.

In this case , further "improvement of power generation efficiency" can be achieved by making the rated power T11 of the solar cell 11 larger than the value obtained by multiplying the rated power T12 of the conversion unit 12 by the power factor F or the like.

The power control program according to the present invention is a power control program for a power transmission side plant that transmits power from a power generation device to a power system and a power reception side plant that receives power from the power system. Before or while transmitting power to the power system, the power transmission side plant receives power from the power system, and the power receiving side plant receives power received from the power system by the power receiving side plant. The first feature is to make the power transmission side plant equal to or larger than the predetermined power transmission to be transmitted to the power system.

The power control method according to the present invention is a power control method for a power transmission side plant that transmits power from a power generation device to a power system and a power reception side plant that receives power from the power system, and the power reception side plant receives power. Before or while transmitting power to the power system, the power transmission side plant receives power from the power system, and the power receiving side plant receives power received from the power system by the power receiving side plant. The first feature is to make the power transmission side plant equal to or larger than the predetermined power transmission to be transmitted to the power system.

Due to these characteristics, the power receiving side plant 4 receives power before the power transmitting side plant 3 starts power transmission or while transmitting power, and the power received P4 of the power receiving side plant 4 is transmitted to a predetermined power transmission side plant 3. By making it the same as or larger than the electric power P3, "effective utilization of generated electric power", "improvement of power generation efficiency", "simplification of structure", and "reduction of the number of parts" can be achieved.

According to the power control system, the power generation control program, and the power generation control method according to the present invention, power is received by the power receiving side plant before or while transmitting power, and the received power is the same as the predetermined power transmission. Alternatively, it can be made larger to realize "improvement of power generation efficiency" and the like.
Further, the photovoltaic power plant according to the present invention realizes "improvement of power generation efficiency" by making the rated power of the solar cell larger than the value obtained by multiplying the rated power of the conversion unit by the power factor or the like.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the electric power control system which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the solar power plant which concerns on this invention. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the overload rate, the equivalent load factor, and the loss rate (loss rate for one year) in a photovoltaic power plant. It is a flowchart which shows the power generation control program and power generation control method which concerns on this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
<Overall configuration of power control system 1>
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the power control system 1 according to the present invention includes a power transmission side plant 3 that transmits power from the power generation device 2 to the power system G and a power reception side that receives power from the power system G. It has a plant 4.

The power control system 1 may have a control device 5 that notifies the power transmission side plant 3 of a limit command C for setting the above-mentioned power transmission P3 to a limit value C'or less.
First, the power system G to which the power transmission side plant 3 and the power reception side plant 4 in such a power control system 1 transmit and receive power will be described.

<Power system G>
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the electric power system G receives (transmits) electric power from the power transmitting side plant 3 and transmits (transmits) electric power to the receiving side plant 4, and is transmitted by an electric power company or the like. It refers to the entire system for supplying electricity to consumers.
Specifically, the power system G is provided with equipment such as a substation, a power transmission line, and a distribution line, and may include a power plant (which can be said to be a power transmission side plant 3 equipped with a power generation device 2).
The electric power handled by the electric power system G may be either alternating current or direct current, but the following will be described as alternating current.

In the power system G, since most of the power transmitted from the power transmission side plant 3 provided with the power generation device 2 is alternating current, it is transmitted by a three-phase three-wire system on the power transmission line, in order to reduce the power transmission loss during the power transmission. , The basic long-distance transmission section is transmitted at the highest possible voltage (for example, 6600V or 22000V).
The power transmitted by the power system G is divided into several stages near the consumption area, and the voltage is transformed (stepped down). After the pole transformer, etc., the single-phase two-wire system or single-phase two-wire system is used. Power distribution is also carried out.

The power system G may be a power system (commercial power system) G'such as an electric power company, a system independently owned by an organization such as a company or a local government, or a power system (independent power system) G inside a plant. good.
When the power supply is larger than the power demand in such a power system G, specifically, for example, in spring or autumn, the power consumption (demand) by a general air conditioner or the like is small, but the power consumption (demand) is small. When the output power (supply) from a solar power generation plant or the like is large depending on the sunshine conditions, the power transmission P3 from the power transmission side plant 3 to the power system G in order to reduce the occurrence of power outages and to provide a stable supply of electricity. Output suppression (suppression of output power) may be required.

This is transmitted from the power transmission side plant 3 provided with the power generation device 2, and the electric power (which is likened to water) is stored in the power system G (which is likened to a water tank), and the electric power system G where the electric power is accumulated goes to the power receiving side plant 4. In other words, if there is too much power from the power transmission side plant 3, the power will overflow from the power system G, and the oversupplied power will damage the substation and flow back. As a result, a large-scale power outage will occur and stable supply will not be possible.
For such a power system G, when the power generation device 2 such as the photovoltaic power generation device 2'reaches the peak of power generation during the time when the daytime power demand in spring or autumn falls, for example, a thermal power plant or the like. The power supply side plant 3 equipped with a photovoltaic power generation device 2'or a power generation device 2 for performing wind power generation, etc. It becomes necessary to suppress the output from.
Therefore, the power generation device 2 will be described next.

<Power generation device 2>
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the power generation device 2 may have any configuration as long as it generates power.
The power generation device 2 is, for example, solar power generation, wind power generation, hydroelectric power generation, geothermal power generation, solar thermal power generation, power generation by atmospheric heat or other heat existing in the natural world, and biomass (organic matter derived from animals and plants and used as an energy source). It may be something that can generate electricity.
In addition, the power generation device 2 may generate power by ocean thermal energy conversion, wave power, tidal current (ocean current), and tide.
In particular, the solar power generation device 2'that generates solar power will be described below.

<Solar power generation device 2'>
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the photovoltaic power generation device 2'includes a solar cell 11 and a conversion unit 12 that converts a direct current from the solar cell 11 into an alternating current.
In addition, the photovoltaic power generation device 2'contains a solar radiation meter 15 for measuring the solar radiation intensity R, a power distribution board 20 for accommodating a conversion unit 12 and a power transmission unit 14 described later, and an air conditioner for air conditioning in the power distribution panel 20 (not shown). ), It may have a current collecting unit that collects direct current from the solar cell 11 or the junction box 22 and sends it to the conversion unit 12, and also includes a transformer 13 and a power transmission unit 14 described later to generate solar power. It may be called device 2'.
In addition, "solar radiation intensity R" means " ^{radiant energy (unit: W / m 2} ) incident from the sun in a unit time per unit area of the surface" according to JIS-C-8960: 2012. , Also called "solar radiation R".

A plurality of solar cells 11 in the photovoltaic power generation device 2'may be used, and the plurality of solar cells 11 may be connected in series to form a solar cell string 21.
In the photovoltaic power generation device 2', a plurality of solar cell strings 21 may have a junction box 22 connected in parallel, and there may be a plurality of such junction boxes 22.

<Solar cell 11, its rated power (battery rated power) T11, etc.>
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, each of the solar cells 11 generates DC power between the positive electrode (+ electrode) and the negative electrode (-pole) by being irradiated with light, and the generated electric power (rated power). ) Is about 100 to 300 W (for example, 250 W).
The solar cell 11 is usually in the shape of a panel, and the amount of power generation differs depending on the angle at which it is installed (the angle from the horizontal direction to the panel of the solar cell 11, hereinafter, the installation angle) θ (for example, the installation angle θ = 30). Assuming that the amount of power generated at ° is 100%, θ = 20 ° is about 99%, θ = 10 ° is about 95%, and θ = 0 ° is about 90%).
Further, among the plurality of solar cells 11, the positive pole of one solar cell 11 is connected to the negative pole of another solar cell 11, and the positive pole of another solar cell 11 is connected to the negative pole of another solar cell 11. Then, this is repeated, and a plurality of (for example, 5 to 20) solar cells 11 are connected in series to form one solar cell string 21.

In this way, the voltage between the positive pole (power output end) and the negative pole (ground end) of the entire solar cell string 21 in which a plurality of solar cells 11 are connected in series is generated in each solar cell 11. It is the sum of DC voltage, and it varies depending on the weather, time, etc., but it is about 200 to 1000V.
The rated power output from the power output end of the solar cell string 21 is the sum of the power of each solar cell 11, and is about 500 to 6000 W (for example, 14 solar cells 11 having an output power of 250 W are connected). In the case, 3500W = 3.5kW).

Further, a plurality of (for example, 5 to 15) solar cell strings 21 described above are connected in parallel to one junction box 22.
Therefore, the voltage between the power output end (+ pole) and the ground end (-pole) of each solar cell string 21 is the same, and is about 0.5 to 6 kW as described above.

However, since the currents of the plurality of solar cell strings 21 flow into one junction box 22, the rated power collected in the junction box 22 is about 2.5 to 90 kW (for example, the output power is in the junction box 22). If six 3.5 kW solar cell strings 21 are connected, it is 21 kW, and if 12 are connected, it is 42 kW).
Further, if there are a plurality of such junction boxes 22, the rated power (battery rated power) T11 capable of generating the entire solar cell 11 of the photovoltaic power generation device 2'(solar power plant 3') is determined according to the number of the junction boxes 22. , But it may be, for example, 36 kW, 1003 kW, 2985 kW, 3383 kW, 3781 kW or the like.

<Conversion unit 12, its rated power (conversion rated power) T12, power factor F, etc.>
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the conversion unit 12 converts the direct current from the solar cell 11 into an alternating current, and more specifically, the direct current from the solar cell 11 is converted into an alternating current (for example). , 100 to 1000V, etc.), a controller that controls the AC voltage and frequency converted by this inverter, an air breaker (ACB), and the like.
The conversion unit 12 is also called a power conditioner (abbreviation of power conditioner).

Such a conversion unit 12 may have any value of the rated power (conversion rated power) T12 capable of converting direct current into alternating current and the power factor F. For example, the conversion rated power T12 is 30 kW or 500 kW. It may be 750 kW, 1990 kW or the like.
The power factor F of the conversion unit 12 is a ratio (value) obtained by dividing the active power of the conversion unit 12 by the apparent power, and the value is 80% or more and 100% or less (for example, 87%, 89%, 90). %, 95%, etc.).

The active power is a value obtained by averaging the instantaneous power in alternating current (current whose magnitude and direction change periodically with time) over one cycle, and the apparent current is the effective value of voltage in alternating current. It is the product of the effective values of the current.
The maximum value (maximum power factor) Fmax of such a power factor F is originally determined by the performance of the conversion unit 12 itself, but when the limit command C is notified to the power transmission side plant 3 from the control device 5 described later. May suppress the output of the conversion unit 12 with a power factor F value lower than the originally set maximum power factor Fmax (for example, 85% or 90%) as an upper limit value.

<Overload rate K>
The ratio (value) obtained by dividing the battery rated power T11 of the solar cell 11 described above by the value obtained by multiplying the converted rated power T12 of the conversion unit 12 by the power factor F is defined as the overload rate K, and this overload rate K is set to 1. It may be larger than .0.
In other words, it can be said that the battery rated power T11 is larger than the value obtained by multiplying the converted rated power T12 of the conversion unit 12 by the power factor F.
In addition to the above, the overload rate K may be a ratio (value) obtained by simply dividing the battery rated power T11 by the conversion rated power T12 without multiplying the power factor F as the overload rate K.

FIG. 3 and Table 1 show the relationship between the equivalent load factor Z1 and the loss rate (loss rate for one year) Z2 with respect to the predetermined overload rate K.
Table 2 shows the battery rated power T11, the converted rated power T12, the one-year loss rate Z2, the power generation coefficient Z3, the one-year power generation amount Z4, and the attenuation rate Z5, 20 when the overload rate K is changed. The annual power generation amount Z4'is shown.

Here, the load factor is the maximum average power transmitted from the photovoltaic power generation device 2'(or the photovoltaic power plant 3'described later) in a predetermined period (for example, one year, January, one day, etc.). It is the ratio (value) divided by the electric power (conversion rated power T12 or the value obtained by multiplying this by the power factor F), and the equivalent load factor Z1 is a constant load factor that fluctuates in another predetermined period. It is a value that is deemed to have been replaced.
That is, it can be said that the higher the equivalent load factor Z1, the more power that is closer to the maximum power (conversion rated power T12, etc.) can be transmitted on average.
Further, the loss rate Z2, Z2', the power generation coefficient Z3, and the attenuation rate Z5 are values calculated based on a huge amount of data accumulated by the applicant for a predetermined number of years (for example, about 3 years, about 4 years, about 8 years, etc.). First, the loss factors Z2 and Z2'are the ratios of power generation losses generated from cables and the like, and differ depending on the above-mentioned equivalent load factor, the installation angle θ of the solar cell 11, and the like.
Further, the power generation coefficient Z3 is a ratio (value) obtained by dividing the amount of power generation (MWh) for one year by the rated power (kW) of the battery, and the attenuation factor Z5 is the power output from the solar cell 11 for one year. is the ratio (value) to be attenuated, a 20-year power generation Z4 'is the amount of power generation Z4 of 1 year, 1 + (1-decay factor Z5) + (1-decay factor Z5) ² + (1-attenuated Rate Z5) ³ + ... + (1-Attenuation rate Z5) ¹⁹ } is the amount of power generated.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 1 and 2, as the overload rate K increases, the loss rate Z2 for one year increases, but the equivalent load factor Z1 also increases. Therefore, the overload rate K is 1.1 or more. It may be 1.9 or less, preferably 1.3 or more and 1.7 or less, and more preferably 1.5 or more and 1.6 or less (1.55 or the like).
As described above, the overload rate K may be 1.0 or less as well as greater than 1.0.
Further, as shown in Table 2, there is a difference in the amount of power generation Z4'for 20 years depending on the overload rate K, but the amount of power sold per unit amount of power generation (for example, 21) is added to the amount of power generation Z4'for these 20 years. By multiplying by yen / kWh, 31 yen / kWh, 42 yen / kWh, etc.), it can be said that the difference in income after 20 years can also be calculated.

The DC current is supplied to the conversion unit 12 described so far by the photovoltaic power generation device 2'(in the case of the photovoltaic power generation plant 3'described later, the solar cell 11 is supplied, but by wind power generation, wave power generation, or the like. It is the current from the rotating generator (motor).
If the output current from this motor is alternating current, the conversion unit 12 may include both a converter that converts alternating current into direct current and an inverter that converts this direct current into direct current, and the output current is direct current. If there is, the conversion unit 12 need only include the inverter device, but the case where the direct current flows into the conversion unit 12 like the solar cell 11 will be described below.

<Transmission side plant 3, power transmission P3, photovoltaic power plant 3'>
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the power transmission side plant 3 is a plant that transmits (can be said to sell) the power from the power generation device 2 described above to the power system G, and from the power transmission side plant 3 to the power system G. The value of the transmitted power is called the power transmission P3.
The power transmission side plant 3 needs to be transformed into a voltage corresponding to the power system G to be transmitted and transmitted, and the transformer 13 that transforms the voltage of the AC current from the conversion unit 12 described above and the AC current from the transformer 13 May be provided with a power transmission unit 14 that transmits power to the power system G.

In this case, the power transmission side plant 3 also includes a transformer 13 and a power transmission unit 14 in addition to the power generation device 2 described above. In particular, the power generation device 2 is a photovoltaic power generation device 2'(solar cell 11 and conversion unit 12). If so, it can be said that the power transmission side plant 3 is a photovoltaic power generation plant 3'.
Therefore, the transformer 13 and the power transmission unit 14 in the photovoltaic power plant 3'will be mainly described below.

<Trance 13>
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the transformer 13 is a so-called transformer, and converts the alternating current from the conversion unit 12 described above into an alternating current having a voltage suitable for the power system G to be transmitted.
The transformer is an abbreviation for a transformer.

Here, the voltage of the AC current suitable for transmission to the power system G (100 to 1000 V, etc.) is higher than the voltage of the AC current from the conversion unit 12 (6600 V, 22000 V, etc.) based on the transmission loss. Therefore, it can be said that the AC current from the conversion unit 12 is the low-voltage AC current L, and the AC current obtained by transforming (boosting) the low-voltage AC current L with the transformer 13 is the high-voltage AC current H.
Further, the transformer 13 causes a loss (also referred to as a load loss or a copper loss) proportional to the square of the equivalent load factor described above and a no-load loss (iron loss), and in addition to the loss in the transformer 13 in which these are combined, the sun The loss rate shown in FIGS. 3 and 1 and 2 is calculated based on all the losses including the loss in the connection cable such as the battery 11, the junction box 22, the conversion unit 12, the air conditioner, and the like.

<Power transmission unit 14>
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the power transmission unit 14 transmits the alternating current (high voltage alternating current H) from the transformer 13 described above to the power system G, and is a vacuum breaker (VCB) or a lightning arrester. (SAR) and the like may be provided.
When the power transmission unit 14 transmits extra high voltage power (for example, 22000V or the like) to the power system G, it can be said to be an extra high voltage unit and a transmitter.

<Power receiving side plant 4>
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the power receiving side plant 4 is a plant that receives (can be said to purchase) power from the power system G described above, and includes a power using device 6 and a power storage device 7 described later. You may have it.
Further, the power receiving side plant 4 may be provided in a remote place regardless of the distance from the power transmitting side plant 3 as long as the power system G is used.
Therefore, the following mainly describes these power-using devices 6 and power storage devices 7.

<Power-using equipment 6>
As shown in FIG. 1, the power-using device 6 is a device that uses the power received from the power system G (power received P4) and the like, and can be said to be a “load 6”.
Specifically, the power-using device 6 is a device that uses electric power such as an electric / electronic device in a factory / work place, and may mean the factory / work place itself.
In addition, the power-using equipment 6 includes corporations / organizations such as companies, individuals, offices such as public offices / unions, houses, stores, warehouses / garages / parking lots / bicycle parking lots, school buildings / lecture halls / gymnasiums, research facilities, hospitals / hospitals / It may mean equipment that uses electricity such as electric / electronic equipment in clinics, inns / hotels, theaters / movie theaters / stadiums / baseball fields, or offices such as companies, and these are combined. It doesn't matter if it's a new one.

<Power storage device 7>
As shown in FIG. 1, the power storage device 7 is a device that stores power (received power P4) or the like received from the power system G.
Specifically, the power storage device 7 is a storage battery (battery) such as a lead storage battery, a lithium ion storage battery, a nickel / hydrogen storage battery, a nickel / cadmium storage battery, or an electric decomposition of water using a power receiving power P4 or the like. In addition to storing the generated hydrogen and extracting power with a fuel cell when necessary, it can be stored as kinetic energy in a fly hole, etc., stored as position energy in pumping water, or used as electrical energy in a capacitor, etc. It may be a device for storing energy.
If the unit price of power sold from the power transmitting side plant 3 (the amount of power sold per unit power generation) is higher than the unit price of power purchased at the power receiving side plant 4 (the amount of power purchased per unit power generation), a profit is generated. It can be said that.

<Timing of power transmission / reception, power reception P4>
Such a power receiving side plant 4 receives power from the power system G before or while the power transmission side plant 3 starts transmitting power to the power system G.
The term "before the power transmission side plant 3 starts power transmission" includes both the case where the power transmission is started at the same time and the case where the power transmission is scheduled to start before the predetermined time. It may be in seconds (1 second, 2 seconds, seconds, 10 seconds, etc.) or minutes (1 minute, 2 minutes, minutes, 10 minutes, etc.).
Further, "the power receiving side plant 4 receives power from the power system G" means that the power transmitting side plant 3 receives power from the power system G even before the power transmission starts or even when the power transmission side is transmitting power. When the received power P4 is set to a value corresponding to the predetermined power transmission P3 while continuing to receive power, or when the power is not originally received from the power system G and before the power transmission side plant 3 starts power transmission, etc. Including the case where power reception from the power system G is started.

When the power receiving side plant 4 receives power from the power system G, the power receiving P4 is the same as or larger than the predetermined power transmission P3 transmitted by the power transmitting side plant 3 to the power system G.
In addition, "the received power P4 is the same as or larger than the predetermined power transmission P3" means that the entire power received P4 that originally did not receive power from the power system G and newly starts receiving power from the power system G. However, when the power is the same as or larger than the predetermined power transmission P3, or even before the power transmission side plant 3 starts power transmission, the power reception P4 receives power from the power system G and continues to receive power. It also includes a case where the same or larger amount as the predetermined power transmission P3 is added to the value of the conventional power reception P4 (that is, the power reception P4 is increased by the predetermined power transmission P3 or more).
Further, since the value of the received power P4 of the power receiving side plant 4 is determined while transmitting the power again before the power transmitting side plant 3 starts the power transmission, the predetermined power transmission P3 referred to here is the power transmission P3. It can be said that it is a part or all of the above, and it can be said that it is the amount of power that can overflow from the power system G, and it can be said that it is a value for reducing the possibility of overflow (power failure occurrence, etc.) in the power system G.
The value that is the basis of such a predetermined power transmission P3 is the power transmission (expected power transmission) P3'expected from the solar radiation intensity R or the like measured by the pyranometer 15 described above, or the actual power transmission side plant 3 in real time. It may be the value of the transmission power P3 transmitted from.

“The received power P4 is larger than the predetermined power transmission P3” means that the received power P4-predetermined power transmission P3 (difference between the received power P4 and the predetermined power transmission P3) becomes larger than 0 kW, for example. , Several kW, several tens of kW, 100 kW, etc. may be used.
Such a power receiving P4 is used and stored in at least one of the power-using device 6 and the power storage device 7 described above.
The power receiving side plant 4 is notified of the value of the transmitted power P3 or the like from the power transmitting side plant 3 via the network N, and based on the notified value of the transmitted power P3 or the like, receives the power P4 each time. You may decide.

The "network N" in the present invention can be connected to individual computer networks (local area network (LAN)) and can provide communication services on a global scale by using a protocol called TCP / IP for exchanging data. Including the "Internet" (open network), which is a collection of local area networks (LAN), each "local area network (LAN)", "metropolitan area network (MAN)", and "wide area network (WAN)" ) ”, Etc., any computer network may be used.
Further, the "local area network (LAN)" in the present invention means a "computer network installed in a user's premises and having a geographically limited range" defined in JIS-X-0009: 1997. It can be said that it is a closed network.
Further, the "metropolitan area network (MAN)" in the present invention also refers to the "network for connecting local area networks in the same city" defined in JIS-X-0009: 1997, and the "wide area" in the present invention. "Network (WAN)" refers to "a network that provides communication services over a wider area than a local area network or metropolitan network" as defined in JIS-X-0009: 1997.
The connection to such a network N may be either wireless or wired.

<Control device 5, limit value C', limit command C>
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the control device 5 is a device that notifies the power transmission side plant 3 of a limit command C for setting the power transmission P3 from the power transmission side plant 3 to the limit value C'or less.
Here, the limit value C'means, for example, a limit power value CT'that is smaller than the rated power T12 of the conversion unit 12, a power factor value CF' that is smaller than the maximum power factor value Fmax of the conversion unit 12. do.
When the control device 5 notifies the transmission side plant 3 of the restriction command C, the control device 5 sends the power transmission side plant 4 to the power reception side plant 4 before the start of power transmission by the power transmission side plant 3 or while transmitting power, among the power transmission P3 described above. The received power P4 equal to or larger than the transmitted power P3 exceeding the set limit value C'is received.

The control device 5 may be provided on either side of the power transmission side plant 3 and the power reception side plant 4, or may be provided over both of them, and is limited to the power transmission side plant 3 via the network N described above. The command C may be notified, or the power receiving side plant 4 may be made to receive power.
The limit value C'notified by the limit command C is the power factor F in the conversion unit 12 described above, a specific value of the power transmission P3, or the like, and the value of such a power factor F. Etc. may be instructions from the electric power company or voluntarily determined by the user of the electric power control system 1.

The restriction instruction C notified by the control device 5 is for preventing the moment when the power system G (for example, the water tank) overflows, and the control device 5 is used to suppress the output of the power transmission P3. 5 may continue to issue the restriction command C to the power transmission side plant 3 at predetermined time intervals (for example, every 1 minute, 5 minutes, 1 hour, etc.).
In addition, one restriction command C includes from when to when to limit (in the case of photovoltaic power generation device 2'(or photovoltaic power plant 3'), from what time to what time in a certain day, etc.). , May be a restriction command C.
The control device 5 may have a configuration capable of monitoring the output of the conversion unit 12 and the pyranometer 15 described above.

<Control of power control system 1>
The power control program and power control method performed by such a control device 5 are transmitted from the power system G to the power receiving side plant 4 before or while the power transmitting side plant 3 starts power transmission to the power system G. To make the power receiving side plant 4 receive the power received from the power system G by the power receiving side plant 4 to be the same as or larger than the predetermined power transmission P3 transmitted by the power transmitting side plant 3 to the power system G. Therefore, "effective utilization of the generated power" and the like can be realized mainly only by controlling the power receiving side plant 4, and may be expressed in steps S1 to S3 described later.
FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of the control process of the power control system 1.

In step S1, if the limit command C is notified to the power transmission side plant 3, the process proceeds to step S2 described later, and if the limit command C is not notified, the control of the power control system 1 ends.
In step S2, the power transmission side plant 3 notifies the power reception side plant 4 of the power transmission P3 (or the expected power transmission P3'expected from the solar radiation intensity R or the like) each time.
In step S3, the power receiving side plant 4 notified of the predetermined power transmission P3 in step S2 receives the power reception P4 larger than the predetermined power transmission P3 or the expected power transmission P3', and returns to step S1.

The processes up to this point (steps S1 to S3) are repeated at predetermined time intervals (for example, every 1 minute, etc.).
Further, the predetermined time does not have to be the same time interval all the time, and the time zone in which the solar radiation intensity R is stable during the daytime is at a slightly longer predetermined time interval (for example, every 5 minutes or 1 hour). In a time zone where the change in solar radiation intensity R is large, such as repeated morning and evening, the treatment may be performed at short predetermined time intervals.

<Others>
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Each configuration or overall structure, shape, dimensions, etc. of the power control system 1, the photovoltaic power plant 3', the power control program, the power control method, etc. can be appropriately changed according to the gist of the present invention.
The power control system 1 may have one <1> power transmission side plant 3 and one power reception side plant 4 for one power system G, but <2> power transmission side plant 3 is 1. However, if there are a plurality of power receiving side plants 4, or if there are a plurality of <3> power transmission side plants 3 but one power receiving side plant 4, <4> power transmission side plant 3 also has one. It does not matter if there are a plurality of power receiving side plants 4 as well.

Further, in the case of <2>, for a predetermined power transmission P3 from one power transmission side plant 3, each power reception P4-1 of a plurality of power reception side plants 4-1, 4-2, ... , P4-2 ... The total received power P4 "may be the same or larger.
Similarly, in the case of <3>, a predetermined total power transmission P3 of each power transmission P3-1, P3-2 ... From a plurality of power transmission side plants 3-1, 3-2 ... " On the other hand, it suffices if the received power P4 of one power receiving side plant 4 is the same or larger, and in the case of <4>, predetermined powers from a plurality of power transmitting side plants 3-1, 3-2, ... With respect to the predetermined total power transmission P3 of each power transmission P3-1, P3-2 ... The total power received P4 "of -2 ... may be the same or larger.

The power transmission side plant 3 includes a power use device 6 and a power storage device 7, that is, not only the power from the power generation device 2 (or the photovoltaic power generation device 2') is transmitted to the power system G, but also the power transmission side plant 3 It may be used and stored inside.
The power-using device 6 and the power storage device 7 may be provided only in the power transmission side plant 3 or the power reception side plant 4, or may be provided in both the power transmission side plant 3 and the power reception side plant 4.

The photovoltaic power generation plant 3'may be a plant in which the solar cell 11, the conversion unit 12, the transformer 13 and the power transmission unit 14 and the like are integrated without separating the solar power generation device 2'from the transformer 13 and the power transmission unit 14 and the like.
The photovoltaic power plant 3'may have a plurality of conversion units 12, or these conversion units 12 may be provided outside the switchboard 20, and the conversion board 12 and the power transmission unit 14 may be provided inside the switchboard 20. It may be held or the transformer 13 may be attached to the switchboard 20 from the outside.

The power receiving side plant 4 may receive power of the power receiving side P4 equal to or larger than the predetermined power transmission P3 of the power transmitting side plant 3 except when the control device 5 notifies the power transmitting side plant 3 of the restriction command C. For example, before an instruction to suppress output is issued by the electric power company, the user of the electric power control system 1 voluntarily receives the electric power P4 equal to or larger than the predetermined electric power P3 to the electric power receiving side plant 4. Alternatively, the power receiving side plant 4 may be made to receive power P4 equal to or larger than the predetermined power transmission P3 for a predetermined period of time.
The control device 5 may be connected to the power transmission unit 14 and the like in a controllable and monitorable manner in addition to the conversion unit 12 and the pyranometer 15 in the above-mentioned photovoltaic power plant 3'(solar power generation device 2').

Power control systems, power control programs, and power control methods can be used in systems that generate electricity using generators (motors) that are rotated by wind power, hydraulic power, wave power, etc., in addition to solar power control systems, and can be used outdoors and indoors. It can be used regardless of.

1 Power control system 2 Power generation device 2'Solar power generation device 3 Transmission side plant 3'Solar power generation plant 4 Power reception side plant 5 Control device 6 Power use equipment 7 Power storage device 11 Solar cell 12 Conversion unit 13 Transformer 14 Transmission unit G Power system P3 Transmission power P4 Received power C Limit command C'Limit value T11 Rated power of solar cell T12 Rated power of conversion part F Power rate of conversion part

Claims (6)

A power control system having a power transmission side plant that transmits power from a power generation device to a power system and a power reception side plant that receives power from the power system.
The power receiving plant receives power from the power system before or while the power transmitting plant starts transmitting power to the power system.
A power control system characterized in that the received power received by the power receiving plant from the power system is equal to or greater than the predetermined power transmitted by the power transmitting plant to the power system. It also has a control device that notifies the power transmission side plant of a limit command to reduce the power transmission to the limit value or less.
This control device is the same as the power transmission that exceeds the limit value to the power receiving side plant before starting the power transmission by the power transmission side plant or while transmitting the power when the limit command is notified to the power transmission side plant. The power control system according to claim 1, further comprising receiving a larger amount of power. The power receiving side plant according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a power-using device that uses the power received from the power system and a power storage device that stores the power received from the power system. Power control system. The power generation device is a solar power generation device.
This photovoltaic power generation device includes a solar cell and a conversion unit that converts a direct current from the solar cell into an alternating current.
The power according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the rated power of the solar cell is larger than the value obtained by multiplying the rated power of the conversion unit by the power factor or the rated power of the conversion unit itself. Control system. It is a power control program of a power transmission side plant that transmits power from a power generation device to a power system and a power reception side plant that receives power from the power system.
Have the power receiving plant receive power from the power system before or while the power transmitting plant starts transmitting power to the power system.
A power control program characterized in that the power received by the power receiving plant from the power system is made to be the same as or larger than the predetermined power transmitted by the power transmitting plant to the power system. It is a power control method of a power transmission side plant that transmits power from a power generation device to a power system and a power reception side plant that receives power from the power system.
Have the power receiving plant receive power from the power system before or while the power transmitting plant starts transmitting power to the power system.
A power control method characterized in that the power received by the power receiving plant from the power system is made to be the same as or larger than the predetermined power transmitted by the power transmitting plant to the power system.

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